The New York Times - 02.08.2026.pdf

“所有值得印刷的新闻”

纽约时报

天气 今日：多云，多风，潮湿，最高 12。今晚：多云，潮湿，雷阵雨，最低 15。明日：多云，潮湿，阵雨及雷阵雨，最高 83。天气详情见第 26 页。

第 CLXXV 卷... 第 60,964 号

© 2020 纽约时报公司

2020年8月2日，星期日

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周六，在从摩洛哥突然出走后，移民在海滩上等待救援。在这场混乱中，至少有 67 人死亡。

共和党在军方体外受精问题上态度反转

扩大治疗覆盖范围的尝试被否决

作者：KENNY KAHN

华盛顿 —— 国会中的共和党人一直对一项旨在扩大军方医疗保险对服务人员及其家属体外受精治疗覆盖范围的提案持反对态度，这与反堕胎团体的利益结合在一起，旨在限制获取一种唐纳德·特朗普总统曾承诺要使其更广泛普及的生育选择。

这一举动与前几年有所不同。此前，扩大军方成员使用体外受精机会的构思得到了足够的跨党派支持，以至于该内容被纳入了经众议院和参议院通过的年度国防法案中。迈克·约翰逊议长在法案生效前的最终谈判中虽对此产生兴趣，但该条款最初被纳入，表明绝大多数共和党人此前愿意接受它。

今年，共和党参议员们团结一致，从一开始就阻止该措施被加入国防法案。这表明，尽管许多共和党国会议员声称支持体外受精，但他们在幕后却在设法挫败确保其实现的立法努力。

在今年夏天早些时候，参议院军事委员会为起草国防法案而举行的一次闭门会议上，所有共和党参议员都投票反对加入由伊利诺伊州民主党参议员塔米·达克沃斯提出的体外受精覆盖条款。

目前，军方仅为那些因执行公务期间受伤或患病而导致不孕的现役服务人员提供治疗覆盖。达克沃斯女士的提案将使其他服务人员及其家属也能获得该服务。

这次彻底的失败与去年形成了鲜明对比。去年，由共和党领导的小组通过口头投票允许加入达克沃斯女士的提案——在口头投票中，参议员不记录具体立场，但通常被认为支持该提案。随后，包含该条款的国防法案在参议院和众议院获得通过，尽管约翰逊先生随后介入并将其删除，且这已是他连续第二年这样做。

接第 18 页

涌入西班牙飞地的短暂且令人费解的激增

作者：JASON HURWITZ

西班牙，塞塔 —— 与摩洛哥的许多其他人一样，穆罕默德·阿布塔拉（Mohammed Abtaullah）在周四早些时候通过社交媒体看到，他的国家与西班牙领土塞塔（Ceuta）之间戒备森严的边境已经开放。

随后，他加入了一个数以万计的人群，其中许多人决心地看着救援警察敦促他们——正如他回忆的那样——“来到西班牙”。有些人像他一样翻越围栏，或者通过铁链上的孔洞钻过去。

50,000名来自摩洛哥的人涌入人口为84,000人的塞塔

或者在海上边境游泳。有些人全身湿透，有时蹬着蹼足，或借助橙色救生圈漂向西班牙海岸，腰间围着充气游泳圈。在这场混乱中，至少有87人死亡。

“来了很多人，”27岁的阿布塔拉先生说，“非常多。”

根据西班牙互联网行业的数据，他正面对着周四和周五早些时候跨境进入这座仅有16,000名居民的西班牙城市的500人。这比2015年欧洲移民危机高峰期间的任何单一时期的激增都要剧烈。到周五早上，这座城市看起来就像欧洲自大规模移民结束以来一直试图避免的紧急状态！

接续第10页

在加利福尼亚州，有如此多的葡萄酒无人问津，以至于葡萄园正在拔除并焚烧葡萄藤。

酿酒师们在抓狂，并拔除葡萄藤

作者：SOUNTA KARLAMANULA

加利福尼亚州，索莱达 —— 在以葡萄栽培闻名世界的加利福尼亚州，酿酒商去年的葡萄酒产量低于过去四分之一个世纪中的任何一个时间点。人们通常认为让葡萄在藤上腐烂比采摘它们更好，因为太多未售出的酒瓶堵塞了仓库和葡萄酒店的区域。

因此，在最近一个加利福尼亚州索莱达的早晨，在作者约翰·霍恩巴克（John Hornback）所描述的谷地里，杰森·史密斯（Jason Smith）认清了简单的经济现实。

一名工人不顾一切地开着拖拉机，将史密斯先生的植株和葡萄从地里拔了出来。另一人点燃了多年来支撑葡萄藤的窗框支柱。史密斯先生在中央橡树的阴影下，对着他的白色萨瑟兰（Sutherland）衣服撕扯，看着他的一片葡萄园化为烟雾。

他决定出售所有土地并关闭经营了10年的家族企业。“对我来说，已经完全没有赚钱的途径了，”57岁的史密斯先生说。

在全国范围内，葡萄酒销量处于至少二十多年来的最低水平，因为在酒精类饮料不健康且公众健康警告日益增加的情况下，人们饮酒量减少。由于许多年轻饮酒者认为葡萄酒过于单一且难以理解而放弃饮用，转而青睐罐装鸡尾酒、起泡酒以及各类啤酒和烈酒，销量也因此受损。

在生产全国约80%葡萄酒的加利福尼亚州，植株或许最好地体现了该行业近期的繁荣与衰落史。

最初来自法国勃艮第（Burgundy）地区的葡萄酒在当地普通饮酒者中并不像赤霞珠（cabernet sauvignon）和梅洛（merlot）那样受欢迎。然后出现了2004年的电影《Richevay》，该片由……

接续第15页

一家领先律师事务所如何停止对抗特朗普

在 Paul Weiss，对企业业务的追求与自豪的激进主义历史产生了冲突

作者：迈克尔·S·施密特 (MICHAEL S. SCHMIDT) 和 杰西卡·西尔弗-格林伯格 (JESSICA SILVER-GREENBERG)

在 Paul Weiss 律师事务所的办公桌上，布拉德·卡普 (Brad Karp) 放着一张相框照片，画中是一个小女孩和她的父亲在第一任特朗普政府移民政策结束并获得支持后拥抱在一起。这提醒人们记得该事务所最自豪的时刻之一——当时担任主席的卡普先生率领律师在法庭上对抗该政府，并承担起反击非法行为的艰巨工作。

“那是一次号召武装起义，”卡普先生后来说道。

但在第二任特朗普政府上任两个月后，当一份强制执行的行政命令给 Paul Weiss 带来了毁灭性的制裁压力时，卡普先生并没有拿起武器。他匆忙赶往白宫投降。

法律界和政界都感到震惊。Paul Weiss 在法律界享有盛名，以其精英诉讼律师团队以及对抗政府的历史而著称，且一直以来都支持自民权运动以来的进步事业。但在 2025 年 3 月给椭圆形办公室的信中，卡普先生竟向一项被广泛视为非法的行政命令低头。

其他对抗该行政命令的律师事务所迅速获得了联邦法院的禁制令，这使得 Paul Weiss 的妥协对于特朗普总统针对私人敌人的第 20 次战役具有特别深远的影响。其他八家事务所仍坚持立场。与此同时，该所与白宫达成协议，同意在特朗普先生支持的事业中，将近 500,000 人从工作中剔除。

“他们只是在说，‘怎么又这样？’”特朗普先生吹嘘道，“没人能相信这一点。”

但这种不忠诚的背后是一个机构缓慢脱离其根基的更深层故事。通过《纽约时报》的一项调查拼凑出，Paul Weiss 向白宫低头是该事务所内部多年来权力与财务博弈的顶峰。

这种转变始于多年前，当时卡普先生决定在 Paul Weiss 的诉讼工作之外，发展更强大的企业业务。这家富有的律所变得更加富有，部分原因是它辅助了私募股权的增长，以及由公司快速买卖产生的获利丰厚的法律业务。

但《纽约时报》基于对该所现任和前任律师的广泛采访、对内部文件和通信的接触以及对律所会议的详细记录报告显示，这为此付出了代价。追求华尔街业务以获得更高的合伙人利润（这是律所的一个关键指标），与其社会正义原则相冲突。当特朗普先生再次介入 Paul Weiss 时（部分原因是该所的激进历史），律所长期存在的身份危机演变成了一场生存危机。

这场冲突的中心是两位截然不同的人物——卡普先生和斯科特·伯切 (Scott Burchay)，后者由卡普先生聘请来强化企业业务。

卡普先生被同事描述为极其擅长处理人际关系的人，有时甚至有些圆滑，试图让具有社会意识的诉讼律师和日益增多的企业律师双方都感到满意。而同事们说，伯切先生则是一个由驱动力主导的交易者，激进到了粗鲁的地步。

接第 14 页

太空垃圾碎片坠落，威胁地球居民

作者：SELAM GERBERGISH

香港 —— 一个十二月的下午，天空被撕裂，一块比校车还宽的炽热金属块呼啸而下。

当它坠入一片农田时，发出的巨响超过了雷鸣，惊扰了位于肯尼亚内罗比（Nairobi, Kenya）约三小时车程外的马卡塔（Makata）村的所有人。

“人们以为世界末日到了，”住在附近的约翰·马卡拉姆（John Makaram）说道。

当碎片抵达时，他们发现一个比人还高、比马还重的巨大环形物深嵌在土中。他们看着它从发光的中心色变为深灰色。他们守护着它，偶尔拍拍它，尽管它远离首都的村庄。

这个环曾是某个火箭的一部分，在返回地球的过程中未能完全烧毁。

“这是一个孤立事件，”肯尼亚航天局在 2025 年初表示。

事实并非如此。

比以往任何时候都更多的太空碎片正向地球坠落 —— 这是各国政府和像 SpaceX 这样的公司在疯狂竞争主宰太空的结果。

炽热碎片击中房屋与农场

去年，美国太空军针对过去 10 年内进入地球大气层的近 250 个碎片发出了警报。而十年前，政府发出的此类警报仅为 150 个。

“重新进入大气层的情况每天都在发生，”马库斯（Markus）说。“第一批世界空间显示发现……（此处文本不完整）世界航天局的运作。重量在一公吨或以上的物体大约每周一次，在未来。”

大部分碎片在大气层中焚毁或坠入大海，但如果没有，它们就会以不可预测且不可避免的方式坠向地面。

人类向太空发射的物体越多，在地球上就必须躲避的碎片就越多。该年发射的物体超过 100 个，几乎是十年前的四倍。这意味着预计会有更多碎片和废弃部件掉落。

垂死的卫星是另一个……（续 8 页）

国际版 4-11

基辅向 MAGA 渗透

基辅的……（此处文本不完整）右翼活动人士表示，这可能有助于在唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）总统的支持者中统一对战争努力的怀疑态度。第 9 页

以色列轰炸加沙

在针对袭击中至少有两人丧生，这些袭击在提前推进与哈马斯的美国足球协议之前发生。第 7 页

体育版 22-24

布伦森迈向伟大

杰森·布伦森（Jason Brunsen）是如何成为冠军和纽约传奇的？这些时刻将讲述这个故事。第 21 页

星期日风格

告别酒吧场景？

告别酒吧场景？告别学校，但当我们放弃饮酒时，失去了什么？第 10 页

艺术与休闲

萨姆·史密斯，在此寻找快乐

这位以心碎歌曲著称的歌手推出了一张充满喜悦的专辑。第 8 页

星期日商业

当人工智能入侵同人小说

一名艺人，关于感谢的详细分解的第 8 个要点，以及 28 篇受《被猎之勇》（Hunted Bivalry）启发的流行故事引起了愤怒。第 7 页

超越婴儿监测

Nanit 及其他初创公司提供的数据水平，在有些人看来令人愉悦，而在另一些人看来则令人毛骨悚然。第 6 页

房地产

浪尖上的家

一个在豪华快艇上生活了 23 年的男人面临被抛弃的风险。第 8 页

大都市

疾病的扩散

纽约在过去一个月内成为了军团病（Legionnaires' diseases）可能爆发的中心。第 1 页

炎热而幽默之地

一位提交者及其朋友将地铁站的一个临时报刊亭变成了一个互动艺术项目。第 1 页

讣告 25-27

目击国王被刺

Class Eines。当我们看到第 1 任（1st）……第一任国王在孟菲斯被枪杀时，我还是个大学生。第 10 页

一个发声的哑剧演员

Bored it。它引导了四名弗兰廷斯哑剧团（Frantines Mime Troops）对所有事物（子公司，战争 95）的讽刺。第 10 页

星期日评论

今日金句

“没有人愿意承受一个不知界限且反复无常的外交政策，而那正是一种战略上的失败。”

罗宾·尼布莱特 (ROBIN NIBLETT)，伦敦查塔姆研究所 (Chatham House) 前主任，论美国与伊朗战争的全球影响。第 5 页。

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包含州税或地方税。

本报偶尔会在其营销计划完成时，在其过去 10 个月内提供小时级配送。在过去 10 个月中，本报无法支付任何其他服务，但常规或更深层的权利仍与时报新闻业及其缩小的领域相结合，超出了手机屏幕的触及范围。

“能走出去真正做点事情很有趣，”温加特 (Weingart) 女士说道。

故事背后的故事

用脚步回溯革命历史

一项由《纽约时报》组织的曼哈顿徒步之旅，带领读者走进 250 年前的纽约市。

作者：SARAH BAHR

在最近的一个周六早晨，大约 230 人穿梭在曼哈顿下城，寻找古迹——其中有些地点的历史可追溯至四分之一个千年或更久。由朋友、家庭成员以及独自寻找者组成的团体，其中许多人是《纽约时报》的读者，他们沿着指引，从一个历史遗迹前往下一个。

他们参加的是一场由记者组织的、类似于“寻宝游戏”的探索活动。

这次名为“寻找过去”的免费互动徒步之旅，是为了纪念《独立宣言》发表 250 周年而举办的。从 3 月开始，约十名来自《纽约时报》都市版、特别项目组和新闻设计规划师的记者拟定了一份行程，引导参与者前往六个与这座城市的历史及其在美国革命中扮演的角色相关联的地点。

“我们想展示 250 年前的纽约在今天依然可见，”该报视觉编辑 Eden Weingart 说道。

每位报名参加活动的人员在活动前一天都会收到一封电子邮件，其中包含六个起始线索之一。每个线索都指向一个地点，这些地点分布在纽约市一些最古老的街区。

参与者在前往下一个地点之前，需由《纽约时报》的一组志愿者在每个记录点办理签到。

诸如“这个生命体在纽约呼吸空气的时间估计已有 300 年”之类的线索现已在网上公布。在都市版记者、该项目负责人 Anna Kudl 撰写的一篇文章中，她探讨了这些地点的历史。Kudl 女士表示，这样做的目的是让读者可以在任何时间自行进行这次游览。

“如果这能激励他们在日常通勤或散步时多一份好奇心，那就是最终目标，”她说。

纽约市有许多可选地点。毕竟，并非每座城市都曾向公众宣读新签署的《独立宣言》，或者拥有一棵“见证”了美国革命的 300 年树龄的英国榆树。但 Kudl 女士表示，团队开始锁定那些历史与当代事件有平行对照的地点，并确保包含知名与冷门地点的混合组合。

“我希望这些地点涵盖各种历史，”经常撰写关于纽约市历史和地标文章的 Kudl 女士说，“我热爱历史，包括黑人历史以及纽约市在革命中的角色。”

《纽约时报》在设计这次体验时，还考虑到了通过步行或公共交通完成，确保轮椅使用者可以到达，并设有充足的遮荫处（以及洗手间）。

在选定六个地点后，Kudl 女士参考地图、报刊文章以及保护和地标认定报告等资料编写了线索。她说，寻找权威信息往往具有挑战性。有些地点，如非洲墓地国家纪念地，是在创建数百年后才获得历史认定的。

Anna Kudl（中右）带领《纽约时报》读者进行了一次纽约市历史互动之旅。

Eden Weingart 是《纽约时报》的视觉编辑，他为这次旅程设计了六个独特的印章。

“当你撰写 1990s 和 1990s 的历史时，确定具体细节可能会是一个挑战，”文章及游览资料的主编 Amanda Hieback 说道，“我们在文章中对于有争议或非定论的部分持非常开放的态度，”她补充道。

Kudl 女士参观了每个地点，并与各区历史学家、城市规划师和博物馆馆长进行了交谈。

“我不仅想讲述每个地点的历史，还想将其与现在联系起来，”她说。

例如，在 Bowling Green 的一座 20 世纪的围栏后面，矗立着一座乔治三世国王的雕像，该雕像在 1776 年听到《独立宣言》宣读后，parishes new dews。

“这与近年来拆除邦联纪念碑的情况非常相似，”库德尔女士说道。

在每个地点，参与者都会领取一张由温加特女士设计的定制明信片，正面是该地点的图像，背面则是摘自库德尔女士文章的报道。温加特女士还为此次活动设计了创新的形式，并设有六个独特地点的印章。

参与者的身份多样，既有拥有数十年经验的纽约市导游，也有几周前才抵达这座城市的职场新人。他们表示，自己很享受发现那些平时不会留意到的地点的过程。

“这是一座全世界都知道的城市，但你很难感受到它的历史，”最近搬到纽约市的营销人员波拉·古丁说道。此时她正抵达 17 世纪洛夫莱斯酒馆（Lovelace Tavern）的遗址，这里曾被用作纽约市政厅，现在可以通过 93 Broad Street 人行道上的一块玻璃窗看到。

古丁女士表示，这次活动让她对自己的新社区切尔西（Chelsea）产生了更多好奇心。

“我肯定得去多了解一下，”她说道。

对于策划此次活动的《纽约时报》记者来说，这种精神正是目标所在。温加特女士表示，他们希望未来能组织更多此类活动，旨在帮助人们在手机屏幕之外，更深入地接触《纽约时报》的报道以及报道所涉及的场所。

“能走出去实际做点什么很有趣，”温加特女士说道。

首行引导您在 mytimes.com / nyregion 开始自己的搜索。

上周热门头条

ICE 在机场逮捕人员，开辟驱逐行动新战线。联邦特工在外国公民通过机场时将其逮捕，其中许多人持有已过期的美国签证，且有部分人正处于申请留美的有效申请期内。Miriam Jordan 写道，机场代表了“特朗普政府驱逐计划的一个新战线”，而交通安全管理局与移民和海关执法局之间的信息共享促成了这一行动。

曾在 20 年前与 Newcom 有染的随员披露细节，称并非强迫。Ruby Rapper 曾在 Gavin Newman 担任旧金山市长期间与其发生婚外情（距今 20 年多），她在 Vasily Fair 发表的一篇文章中写到了这段关系。她在文中指出，她并未受到强迫，但同时也认为 Newman 先生身为权力持有者却依然推进这段私情，应对此负责。

爱达荷州大学杀人案被定罪男子寻求撤回认罪协议。去年被判定在住宅中谋杀多名爱达荷州大学学生的 Bryan Kettlesiger 正在努力撤销其有罪认罪，以获得审判机会。在接受《纽约时报》采访时，目前正服刑四次终身监禁的 Kettlesiger 先生表示，他是无辜的，并且在误导下才陷入杀人案。

观点 / 我们从法庭听证会中真正学到了什么 特约观点撰稿人 Rachael Bedard 博士探讨了 Anthony Fraz 博士关于新冠肺炎（Covid-19）起源的戏剧性参议院听证会，在会上，他多次援引宪法第五修正案的权利以避免自证其罪。Bedard 博士写道：“这类审判是对民主的打击。”

历史头条

德克萨斯州大学塔楼狙击手造成 12, 人死亡，33 人受伤

August 3, 1966. 根据《时报》的一篇电讯报道，一名 35 岁的建筑系学生兼海军陆战队退伍军人 Charles J. Wittman 在前一天带着“一批武器”进入奥斯汀德克萨斯大学 27 层的钟楼，并向该区域“喷洒子弹”。在持续 90 多分钟的袭击中，数十人被击中，14 人死亡。（《时报》最初报道的 12 人在随后得到了更新。）Wittman 先生在塔顶被警方击毙。调查人员随后发现，这名狙击手在校园袭击前杀害了自己的母亲和妻子。 《时报》在 2016. 年写道，这次大屠杀“成为了大规模枪击案的模板，并使公众对公共场所的暴力威胁产生了新的敏感度”。根据洛克菲勒政府研究所的数据，自 1966, 1,737 人在公共场所的大规模枪击事件中丧生。

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纽约时报，星期日，AUGUST 2, 2026

1

3

趣闻事实

据人口普查局估计，自 1910 年以来，80% 的黑人所有土地已因“继承人财产”（heirs' property）而流失，这类财产是指在没有明确产权的情况下，非正式遗赠或共同继承的房地产。

奶奶家的房产证是否合规？评论 评论，第 2 页

J.D. 塞林格 1951 年的小说《麦田里的守望者》直到作者 2010 年以 91 岁之龄去世近十年后才被数字化。他厌恶技术，尽管是个狂热的电视观众，且对他作品的出版过程有着极强的控制欲。

《麦田里的守望者》 75 周年 书评，第 2 页

韦氏词典和牛津英语词典在 2006 年将“Coughing”作为动词收录。 （该词在 2002 年已被美国方言学会评为“年度最有用词汇”。）

竞选中 杂志，第 5 页

在《泰德·拉索》中饰演丽贝卡·韦尔顿的英国演员汉娜·瓦丁汉姆拥有四个八度的音域，且起步于音乐剧舞台。

“我喜欢运用世界的每一个部分” 艺术与休闲，第 7 页

bocarbon 产业规模达 106 亿美元 billion，是肯塔基州最大的产业之一，创造了近 24,000 个就业岗位和 $372 million 的年度税收。

随着饮酒习惯改变，什么将填补社交角色？评论 评论，第 15 页

旨在接近肤色的粉色足尖鞋曾是芭蕾舞的默认选择。几年前，纽约市芭蕾舞团采用了真正的肤色鞋款。如今，每位团员都拥有与自己肤色定制匹配的舞鞋。

先锋的通用数字与飞翔之怒 艺术与休闲，第 1 页

时间线

纽约时报 记者的全球报道地

1. 德克萨斯州，阿比林 — 一个价值 250 亿美元 billion 的数据中心综合体的建设给亚特兰大带来了数千名临时工。杰德·马凯访问了 Glendale Output，这是一家专门为服务他们而开设的便利店。

2. 北爱尔兰，贝尔法斯特 — 北爱尔兰的新教忠诚派长期以来认为自己的身份正受到威胁。梅根·斯佩西亚写道，从历史上看，他们的敌意指向天主教徒，但现在他们找到了一个新的对手：移民。

3. 维安纳，邦德茅斯 — Bundling-ry Elinda 病毒得名于这个小镇，该病毒于 2007 年在此被发现。马修·姆波克·比格报道称，由于该物种已重新出现，乌干达现已关闭与刚果的边境。

4. 缅甸，仰光 — 汉娜·布什和丹尼尔·伯恩哈拉克在缅甸旅行了三周。在那里，富人们 20 世纪风格的生活方式——夜总会、鱼子酱和豪华轿车——在五年的内战中基本未受影响。

Wordplay

今日填字游戏提示

在 Wordplay 栏目中，一名《纽约时报》游戏专栏作家将帮助读者解决当日的填字游戏。注意：前方含剧透。

今日的主题是一个关于阴谋与诡计的故事，分为七个部分，分别在 23, 28-, 44-, 47-, 82-, 91- 和 110-Across（横向）中出现。这些线索经过平衡，描述了一种典型的营销震动行为。从顶部的 22-Across 开始：[“对于我们的猫，我们该如何列出我们在沟里发现的那辆车？”]。接下来的问题更多关于你能够想象出的突然出现的骑师，但其对应的条目——作为脂肪样结构的期间——指向一幅宏大的图景。这需要一些真正有创意的文字游戏，且大部分相当宽泛，但请花一点时间欣赏这个名为“Going for a Spin”的谜题故事及其结尾词的双关含义。直到我仔细思考后才意识到这一点，这真是锦上添花。

回到线索，从 22-Across 的那个沟渠问题开始。将一个多支撑词描述为 OFF-ROAD VEHICLE（越野车）是不是更好听？没有写谎话！

那么 20-Across 中描述的轻微冒烟状态又是如何呢：[“……我们怎么加上它刚刚被闪电击中？”]。只需说它有 NEW SOURCES（新来源）。16-Across 在信息学上更加微妙且相当有趣：[“……而且排气管在地上拖行？”] 的答案是 LOW EMISSIONS（低排放），因为这辆精疲力竭的起重机排出的废气当然离地面更低。位于谜题中心的 47-Across 是我最喜欢的主题集，也许仅仅是因为我觉得这个词很有趣 [“……那么车顶呢？”] —— 没错，这就是为什么有 BUCKET SEATS（桶形座椅）。（对我来说，它们听起来很不舒服且很难钻出来，但现在大多数汽车的前排都配备了这种座椅。）

这也许不是我们近几个月来笔下最微妙的主题，但这个故事的易得性确实有助于推销这个点子，并非刻意为之。

CARTUN LEONRODE

请在杂志第 62 页玩这个填字游戏。

The Mini Crossword

ACROSS（横向）

1 住在朋友家时你可能会要求的东西。 2 给予“更强大的事物” (Stronger Things) 3 （抢劫犯穿去参加婚礼的服装） 4 八角形标志上的词 5 新闻所在之处

DOWN（纵向）

1 报道股票市场的报纸，简称 2 放置冷敷包的位置 3 官方决定 4 “冒犯性的”。 5 在某类体裁中，“with my little eyes”之前的词

前一期谜题答案

这里为您提供帮助

旅行 101：如何记录旅行日记

记录旅行日记没有唯一的完美方式——也没有唯一的理由。但无论你如何记录或为何记录，未来的你可能会庆幸自己这么做了。在开始下一次旅行之前，请参考以下建议，打造一本在未来的许多年里你都会翻阅的旅行日记。—— 珍妮·肯尼迪 (JENNY KENNEDY)

保持精简。选择一个能放入随身包或外套口袋的笔记本。如果你更喜欢轻便的笔记本，可以在里面放一块铅笔板，这样在旅途中就有坚硬的支撑面。像 Paper Republic 那样的可更换页笔记本方便添加组织页插页，这样你就不会丢失重要文件。将工具统一放在一个小套件中，以免浪费时间寻找笔。

保持一致性。通过在每篇日记条目开始时记录一些元数据来使其有组织，包括日期、时间、天气和地点。（关于心情的笔记可以帮助你在回想时唤起内容。）完成一篇条目后，考虑在前 2 页的索引中添加页码，以及地点和关键词，例如最大名称或你所在的最终位置。

预留写作时间。在逛街（或在山间、海滩）时，在日常活动之余在元数据下方写简短的笔记。记录下你可能会忘记的声音和故事。如果你想在回家后重新体验某个地方，可以使用手机的录音应用。摄影师兼作家鲍勃·史蒂芬森 (Bob Stephenson) 表示：“鱼市场的喧嚣、拥挤的海湾或城市的街道之声，往往能比照片更生动地唤起一个地方的记忆。”

将全天经历的总结留在每晚 15 分钟的时间段内。你会惊讶地发现，在这么短的时间内你可以写多少内容。

增加色彩。将每次旅行作为练习新艺术技能的机会。艺术家兼作者克里斯汀·林克 (Kristin Link) 表示：“在日记中加入视觉元素能帮我以一种写作可能无法实现的方式记住事情。”尝试仅用几支彩色铅笔进行素描，或者每天早晨画一下酒店窗外的景色。如果觉得创作艺术压力太大，林克女士建议改为添加图表和地图，或者一个小小的风景写生。

制作一本纯照片书。为此，可以从更具主题性的角度思考旅行。或者拍摄捕捉让一个地方变得特别的小细节的照片。

请在 nytimes.com / travel 阅读旅行 101 系列。

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4

星期日，2026年8月2日

国际

纽约时报

贝尔法斯特Sandy Row地区一家被暴徒焚毁的清真超市紧闭的店面；以及一对自去年秋天起就住在贝尔法斯特的索马里母子，正在观看“七月十二日”游行。

在贝尔法斯特，关于社区的冲突再次升级，且出现了新目标

忠诚派地区爆发针对移民的暴力活动

作者：MEGAN SPELIA

北爱尔兰，贝尔法斯特 —— 笛声与鼓声在贝尔法斯特的抗议新教徒聚集区桑迪行（Sandy Row）回荡，英国国旗在闷热的夏季空气中高高飘扬。

一年一度的“七月十二日”庆祝活动旨在纪念新教徒在博因河之战中击败天主教国王的世纪胜利。此次活动吸引了大量行进乐队和橙勋骑士会（Orangemen，一个慈善宗教组织）成员在城市中游行。

对于深切希望北爱尔兰继续留在英国的抗议新教徒忠诚派社区而言，这些游行以及随之而来的街头派对是他们珍视的传统。

但正如北爱尔兰的许多事情一样，情况并非如此简单。

其他人则认为，这些游行和庆祝活动是蓄意挑衅的符号，旨在强化分裂。从历史上看，忠诚派的敌意指向天主教徒，但社区中的一些人找到了一个新的对手：移民。

在贝尔法斯特忠诚派社区多内格尔通道（Donagall Pass）的 Hibiscus 酒吧里，76 岁的戈登·普朗克特（Gordon Plunkett）与他的儿子和孙子们坐在一起，他们全部参加了游行。普朗克特担任橙勋骑士会成员已超过六十年。他反对移民和寻求庇护者的到来，并表示这导致了长期居住在此的忠诚派人士被取代。

“这关系到我社区的未来，”普朗克特先生说，“每个人都希望保护自己的社区和文化。”

贝尔法斯特目前仍以白人为主，而北爱尔兰是英国种族多样性最低的地区，仅有 3.4 percent 的居民来自少数族裔背景。但移民人数在近几十年中有所增长，并在 2021 年达到顶峰，尤其是贝尔法斯特的城市中心地带，多样性正在稳步增加。

“我们的社区在缩小，我们感到压力很大，”65 岁的特雷弗·亨德森（Trevor Henderson）说道，他当时也在 Hibiscus 酒吧与桑迪及朋友们共同庆祝“十二日”。前一晚庆祝活动的灰烬仍散落在附近，行进乐队成员和橙勋骑士会成员正聚集准备游行。“而我们因为表达担忧就被贴上山民和种族主义者的标签。”他补充说，他认为近期贝尔法斯特暴力骚乱的责任被不公平地推给了整个工人阶级忠诚派，而不是那些极少数的煽动者。

在桑迪行的游行过程中，行进乐队经过了一家已经关闭的清真超市残骸，该超市在两次反移民袭击中被焚毁，最近一次发生在六月。一小群暴徒在附近卷帘门上涂鸦的“停止船只”（Stop the Boats）字样前拍照，上方公寓楼侧面依然可见黑烟留下的损坏痕迹。

六月份，一段关于持刀袭击导致一名男子严重受伤的视频在网上传播后，暴力活动爆发；一名寻求庇护者随后被指控企图谋杀。袭击发生后数小时内，极右翼影响力人士呼吁示威，蒙面暴徒纵火焚烧车辆和房屋。应急响应人员不得不将移民家庭从家中疏散，其中包括一名带着 3 个月大婴儿的家长。

这是连续第三个被暴力震撼的夏季。这是英国及整个欧洲一个更大模式的一部分，在这些地方，许多人受到右翼反移民势力的影响而受伤。在北爱尔炉，这里仍在努力应对天主教徒和新教徒宗派冲突的遗产，公民骚乱可能会给许多家庭带来恐慌，尤其是在准军事组织仍然拥有影响力的地区。

这场持续数十年的冲突被称作

在多纳加尔山口（Donagall Pass）游行前的忠诚派团体成员；长笛手们走过一面联合旗，在多纳加尔山口入口处引用了准军事组织 UUC；以及在那里的一家酒吧里的特雷弗·亨德森（Trevor Henderson）。他说他的社区正在萎缩，并补充道：“而且因为持有这些顾虑，我们就被贴上了宗派主义和种族主义的标签。”

“动乱”时期（the Troubles）的冲突主要发生在希望该地区继续留在英国的主要是新教徒的忠诚派，以及长期寻求与爱尔兰共和国统一的主要是天主教徒的爱尔兰民族主义者（或共和派）之间。

1998年签署的《贝尔法斯特协议》（Good Friday Agreement）带来了近二十年的和平。但冲突的记忆留下了深远的阴影。

6月的反移民骚乱主要发生在忠诚派地区，北爱尔兰警察局表示，忠诚派准军事组织成员在场，且在某些情况下指导了暴力活动。没有官方机构代表这些准军事组织，这些组织自“动乱”以来大多已转型为有组织犯罪网络。

根据《北爱尔兰生活与时代调查》（Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey），认同自己为联盟派或忠诚派的人数比二十年前要少。由于这一点以及

其他人口结构的变化，留在社区的人可能会觉得自己的身份受到了威胁，贝尔法斯特女王大学政治社会学教授凯蒂·海沃德（Katy Hayward）表示。

“那种不安全感被放大了，”长期研究北爱尔兰公众态度的海沃德教授说。她表示，这反过来使得将所有移民定义为威胁的极右翼观点获得了支持。

当地忠诚主义与其他地方的极右翼行为者之间也存在记录在案的联系。虽然关于移民的讨论在英国许多社区中展开，并受到日益激进的极右翼运动的推动，但它已成为一些领先的未见政治人物的焦点，他们发现这能引起其选民基础的共鸣。

在一些“十二日”庆典（Twelfth celebrations）上，委屈感显而易见。反移民符号被放置在横幅上，以及其他政治刻板印象。今年，一个奇怪战争的复制品，争议县（前税务鲁莽被视为基本犯罪）在禁止难民像仅 5 年后。

代表南贝尔法斯特议席的社会民主工党领袖克莱尔·汉娜（Claire Hanna）确认了禁止使用人像，并在声明中表示：“这不是传统。我不能将其视为身份的表达。它决定了这个地方。”

这次动荡使这些庆典再次受到审查，但在紧张局势中，许多忠诚派坚持认为 7 月 12 日的庆祝活动是一次重要的社会和文化标志。

并非所有参加庆祝活动的人都坚定地反对移民。51 岁的金伯利·威尔逊（Kimberley Wilson）正与朋友一起观看游行，她说她纯粹喜欢这种盛况，并对出生在忠诚派地区感到深切自豪。她对 6 月的暴力行为感到震惊。

“人们来到这里，他们努力工作，不应该被赶出家门，”威尔逊女士在谈到移民时说，并补充道，“那些可怜的人被吓坏了，这没有任何正当理由。”

威尔逊女士在 6 月不得不将年迈的母亲从家中疏散，因为她的家靠近骚乱者焚烧民宅的地方。

她说，缺乏能够阻止暴力和财产破坏责任人的领导力。

“街上一个人也没有，没有人出来说‘这样做是错误的’，”她说。

“那年轻一代，他们不知道自己在为什么而战。如果他们想游行，就去游行，干扰交通，”她说。“但不要开始破坏你们自己的社区。”

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纽约时报 国际版 星期日，2026年8月2日

从左起顺时针方向：在吉尔吉斯斯坦 AayBaah 村的一场 kok-bora 比赛中，Beginsai Bakirova 拿着山羊尸体（右）；Beginsai 的父亲 Bakirybek Beishekseev 站起身，准备尸体；Beginsai，她从小就开始骑马；Kakakhun，一匹 4 岁的牡马，配有练习鞍；以及 Anadua Birimkadeva 正在控制她的牡马。

吉尔吉斯斯坦派遣报告

首支女子队打破传统，但保留了山羊尸体

文章作者： ALEXANDER M. THOMPSON 摄影： IN THEIR VERBATELIANA

吉尔吉斯斯坦，ASTILBASH —— 在吉尔吉斯斯坦一个泥泞的场地上，八名骑在马背上的青少年飞驰穿梭，地在进行一场被称为 kok-bora 的中亚版马球比赛。但他们使用的不是球杆，而是双手，而作为“球”被放置或抢夺的是一只没有头的死山羊。

16 岁的 Beginsai Bakirova 策马疾驰，在山羊尸体沿着马腹缓缓滑落时，她大声喊叫着试图将其抓牢。两名少年骑在她两侧，推搡、叫喊并争抢那只山羊。随着骑手和马匹全速冲来，场边的观众纷纷散开。

在 AayBaah，这场比赛并非罕见之景。这是吉尔吉斯斯坦天山山脉附近一个拥有数百栋木土房屋的村庄，在这里，kok-bora 是国民运动。不寻常的是 Beginsai —— 一个女性出现在这场数百年来几乎由男性垄断的游戏中。去年，Beginsai 和其他五名青少年组建了吉尔吉斯斯坦首支女子 kok-bora 队。

“每个女孩都有自己的热情，”Beginsai 说道，她短小的黑色马尾在球场上的一众寸头中显得格外突出。当人们告诉她 kok-bora “不适合女性”时，她说她会告诉对方，如果女性拥有技巧和渴望，那么 kok-bora 就适合她。

“我希望更多家长能让他们的女儿参与其中，”她表示。

尽管网络上存在负面评论，村里也有批评之声，但 Beginsai 的队伍已经激励了一小部分但数量不断增长的女性和女孩参与到这项激烈粗犷的运动中。

Kok-bora 在吉尔吉斯语中意为“灰狼”，起源于牧羊人使用狼尸进行的比赛。后来被更换为了山羊。kok-bora 的变体在整个中亚地区都有分布，但在吉尔吉斯斯坦北部，通常由两支四人骑手队伍进行比赛，他们争抢地面上或对方手中的山羊尸体，并将其扔进球场两端的大盆中。

这项运动对骑手和马匹都极具挑战，双方可能会在高速状态下相撞。2025 年，两名在吉尔吉斯斯坦参加比赛的男子死亡。

自从 1991 年苏联解体后吉尔吉斯斯坦独立以来，该国一直寻求复兴传统体育，但大多数注意力都集中在男子项目中。关于 kok-bora，中亚美国大学的社会科学家 Elena Mokhanova 说道，她曾撰写关于吉尔吉斯斯坦传统体育中性别角色的内容。

但 Mokhanova 教授表示，女子 kok-bora 队“并非是对传统的背离”，因为在吉尔吉斯游牧社会及其传说中，骑马的女性一直扮演着重要角色。

Beginsai 是家中六个孩子中的第四个（五个姐妹和一个哥哥），她从小就开始骑马。在观看了哥哥参加的几场比赛后，她开始对 kok-bora 产生浓厚兴趣。

她开始与父亲 Bakirybek Beishekseev 共同训练，她的父亲是一名养马人，且曾参加过 kok-bora 比赛。

这项运动最困难的部分是骑手必须在高速骑行时，从马背上向下弯腰，低到足以将地上的山羊尸体抓起，然后将自己和沉重的尸体重新拉回马鞍。

每天，47 岁且表情风趣的 Beishekseev 先生和他的女儿会骑马往返于邻村，路程共三英里。一路上，Beginsai 会反复练习从马背向下俯身，将一个汽车轮胎抓回马鞍。

Beginsai 说，通过“哭泣与泪水”，她最终掌握了这项技能。

安全担忧是真实存在的。Beginsai 在二月份被马甩了下来，导致手臂骨折。

“这是一种病，”Beginsai 的母亲 Nurgul Osmanova 带着无奈的笑意谈到 kok-bora，“我并不允许她参加。我现在依然不允许。那是她父亲允许的。”

尽管如此，在 2025 年初，Beginsai 开始与她的哥哥一起参加其他正式比赛。她也开始赢球了。

二月份，在她的 kok-bora 视频在 Instagram 上走红后，Beginsai 意识到在吉尔吉斯斯坦周围有几个女孩也在悄悄地练习 kok-bora。她决定将她们聚集在一起。

Beginsai、她的两个姐妹以及来自当地地区的另外三个女孩在 2025 年 3 月首次共同比赛。那次尝试虽然不顺，但她们决定在那天组建一支球队。

“我们变得像姐妹一样，”17 岁的 Anadua Birimkadeva 说道，她笑起来很随和，且富有竞争心。在听说这支球队之前，她在另一个村庄自学了 kok-bora。

Beginsai 表示，在过去的一年里，该队已经与男孩队伍进行了十几次比赛。

Anadua 说，女性们参赛是因为她们热爱挑战，并且在击败男孩们时，喜欢看到他们“流下眼泪”。

Gonduri 的母亲 Meetha Karabaeva 表示，她看到了 kok-bora 给女儿带来的益处。

“她几乎不怎么玩手机了，”Karabaeva 女士在 AayBaah 东部的 Kara-Sakai 村喝茶时自豪地说道，“晚上 9 点她就上床睡觉，这样她才能在早上 5 点起床喂家畜。”

但招募队员很困难。Beginsai 说，很少有女孩在玩 kok-bora 或骑术足够好，而且潜在成员通常住得太远。“有些女孩想参加，但父母不允许，因为他们认为这太危险，或者不适合女孩。”

三月初的一个寒冷下午，在 Beginsai 的哥哥 Nurushan 在家后院完成对山羊的去头、去蹄并缝合之后，该小组骑马前往村边地带的比赛场。

很快，周围村庄里所有拥有马且听说要进行 kok-bora 的青少年男孩都聚集到了这里，比赛即将开始。在第一场比赛中，Beginsai 最先抢到了山羊，并在泥地上划出的圆圈中穿梭（村里用这种圆圈代替通常的得分盆）。但即便有队友努力为她开路，她仍无法足够靠近。

“你怎么离得那么远？”她的父亲大喊道，“冲上去！”

女孩们在第一场比赛中以 0-2 告负，但赢下了第二场。Beginsai 冲破重围，两次将尸体扔进圆圈，引发了观众的欢呼。

女孩们在 Instagram 上发布的关于球队的帖子吸引了支持和大量关注，但同时也带来了潮水般的批评，尤其是那些认为女性应该待在家里的人。

“每当我们公开亮相，他们就会写评论，但我们不予理会，”另一名队员 16 岁的 Sheola Kreselinova 说道。

Beginsai 和她的姐妹们说，她们在故乡经常遭到轻视的目光和讥讽的话语。

“因为那些刻薄的话，”Beginsai 说，“我一度陷入抑郁，无法摆脱。只有当我出去和女性队友们在一起时，我才能放下那些情绪。”

去年，该国的 Kok Bora 协会仍通过当地媒体表示，完全不支持女性参赛，因为这项运动过于粗暴且危险。

然而，从今年 2 月到 7 月中旬担任协会主席的 AayBaeah Eskimoe 改变了立场。

“我全心支持。如果可能的话，我们协会方面也会提供帮助，”Eskimoe 先生在今年春季的一次办公室采访中表示。

回到赛场，天色已晚。很快，家人将剥掉山羊尸体的皮，彻底清洗，然后在露天火堆上的大锅中炖煮，配以洋葱和香草。

但 Beginsai 还不准备停止。“再来一场，”在大家围成一圈时，她提议道。其他女孩已经筋疲力尽，但男孩们依然兴致盎然。

Beginsai 向躺在泥地里的尸体疾驰而去，她扎起的马尾在背后跳动。

“她一旦开始了就很容易进入状态，”她的父亲说，“而且很难停下来。”

纽约时报 国际版 2020年8月2日，星期日

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悼念一名被杀的男子。以色列军方确认了此次袭击，但拒绝就其被定为目标的原因提供细节。

以色列对加沙的袭击导致至少 2 人死亡

作者：AARON BOUEDMAN

巴勒斯坦官员表示，周六以色列在加沙的袭击造成至少两人死亡，并破坏了医疗物资仓库，尽管此前唐纳德·特朗普总统的和平与人性委员会（Board of Peace and Human）最近达成了一项旨在推进加沙停火的协议。

医院发言人 Khalil Dagnan 表示，其中一次袭击在周六黎明前破坏了加沙中部的 Al-Aqsa 烈士医院的仓库。他补充说，门诊诊所也受到了损坏，但没有人员伤亡报告。

以色列军方表示，由于哈马斯在仓库中存储武器并将该设施用作据点，因此对其进行了轰炸。Dagnan 先生否认了以色列的指控，并补充说以色列军队在轰炸前已警告巴勒斯坦人撤离。

据当地卫生官员称，周六以色列在加沙城 Sheikh Rasheed 社区的第二次袭击导致两名巴勒斯坦人死亡。以色列军方确认了这次袭击，但拒绝提供关于这两个目标被选中的细节。

这些袭击发生在特朗普先生宣布哈马斯已同意在与其和平委员会协商期间放弃武器之几天后。该委员会是他在去年成立的，旨在监督以色列与哈马斯之间的休战。哈马斯的解除武装已成为从最初停火向前推进中长达一个月的分歧点。

周五协议公布后，哈马斯表示，“第一步”应该是以色列承诺停止袭击，并将该组织所谓的“重型武器”的移交与许多其他条件挂钩。

目前尚不清楚以色列是否同意该提案。该路线图规定，以色列军队逐步从加沙撤出，以及“停止军事行动”，作为哈马斯“报废并移交”武器的部分条件。

以色列总理 Benjamin Nourayahu 尚未对周四晚上出现的这项协议发表评论。以色列政府在周五传阅的一份书面声明中表示，如果没有哈马斯“全面”的解除武装，以色列军队将不会从其在加沙的“当前”防线撤出，该声明将此评论归于一名匿名的外交官员。

以色列长期以来要求哈马斯解除武装，以防止这个巴勒斯坦军事组织再次发动类似于 2021 年 10 月 1 日引发加沙战争的袭击。但 Nourayahu 先生在今年晚些时候面临艰苦的连任挑战，他可能会抵制任何可能被视为对哈马斯让步的行为。

美国官员希望该提案能为结束加沙地带近三年的危机铺平道路，这场危机始于 2023 年 10 月由哈马斯领导的对以色列南部的袭击，造成约 1,500 人死亡，约 250 人被劫持为人质。

据当地卫生官员称，随后为期两年的以色列针对哈马斯的军事行动给这个巴勒斯坦飞地带来了巨大影响，导致 76,000 多人死亡。他们的统计数据没有具体说明其中有多少是战斗人员，但其中包括数千名儿童。

去年 10 月由特朗普政府促成的停火本应结束战斗。虽然该协议为加沙的两百万巴勒斯坦人提供了从全面战争中喘息的机会，但这看起来完全不像和平。

以色列继续几乎每天轰炸加沙，声称哈马斯正试图回归，且其目标是该组织的民兵。据当地官员称，自休战以来已有 1,000 多人死亡，其中包括幼童。

（图片说明） 上方：周六，在加沙中部 Deir al-Balah 的 Al-Aqsa 烈士医院附近，巴勒斯坦人正在勘查以色列袭击造成的损坏。左侧：男子抬着当天在以色列袭击中丧生的人员遗体。

虽然以色列军队最初作为停火协议的一部分撤回到了约定的“黄线”区域，但此后他们一直在稳步推进。他们目前控制了加沙地带 60% 以上的地区，使大多数巴勒斯坦居民被压缩在靠近海岸的一个狭小区域内。

美国和以色列均表示，只要哈马斯继续统治加沙并保留其武装战斗员营，他们就不会允许重建加沙。

以色列称击毙真主党成员

作者：FRANAY BANAAR

以色列军方周六表示，其在黎巴嫩南部的一处战略山脊上击毙了数名真主党成员，这挑战了以色列与该伊朗支持的军事组织之间脆弱的停火协议。

此次冲突升级发生在阿里·塔伯 (Ali al-Taber) 山脊地区，该山顶距离以色列边境约六英里，近日暴力冲突频发。以色列军方表示，其在士兵执行任务的以色列占领区内“击中”了真主党战士，一名以色列士兵受伤。

真主党未立即对此以色列的说法做出回应。

近几周，以色列与真主党之间的停火协议勉强维持，与此同时，以色列和黎巴嫩一直致力于执行一项由美国促成的独立协议，以结束数月的战斗。该协议要求以色列逐步从黎巴嫩南部领土撤军。

真主党拒绝了该协议，称其实际上允许以色列继续驻留在黎巴嫩南部，并表示在以色列撤军之前，该组织不会放弃其武器。

据联合国报道，黎巴嫩南部的冲突持续不断，每天都有关于袭击、炮击、爆破以及使用手榴弹的报告。但周六是以色列自 7 月 15 日以来首次宣布战斗中出现死亡病例，引发了对冲突再次升级的担忧。

Abdi Latif Dabir 表示，以色列参与了此次报道。

真主党与以色列之间最近的冲突爆发于 3 月 2 日，此前该组织在支持伊朗的立场下袭击了以色列，原因是美国-以色列系统发起了与伊朗的战争。这场战斗已导致黎巴嫩 1,300 多人丧生，以色列目前占领了该国南部的大片地区。以色列官员表示，至少 4 名以色列平民和 20 多名士兵被杀。

近几个月来，阿里·塔伯山脊已成为冲突中最具战略意义的地区之一。黎巴嫩和以色列官员表示，他们认为真主党在该山脊下方建立了其最大的地下设施之一。以色列方面称，多年来该综合体一直是规划和发起针对其领土袭击的关键指挥中心。

以色列军方上周表示，真主党向其在山脊上的一辆车发射了一架爆炸无人机。一名真主党发言人表示，该组织并未对该地区的行动负责，并指责以色列使用“虚假抗议”以继续在黎巴嫩的行动。

该地区位于博福特 (Beaufort) 以北约三英里处，博福特是一座十字军时期的城堡，以色列称其在 5 月 31 日将其占领。周五，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡 (Benjamin Netanyahu) 和国防部长以色列·金 (Israel Kim) 在一份联合声明中表示，军方已摧毁了其所谓的真主党在该地区的“恐怖隧道”，他们声称这些隧道是该组织渗透以色列北部社区计划的关键组成部分。

一项针对该山脊的调查显示，该处超出了以色列在黎巴嫩南部内部数英里占领的区域。以色列在地图上用黄线标出该区域的边界，并将该区域内的任何人视为合法军事目标。然而，在 6 月，以色列重新绘制了这些边界，将黄线延伸至包含该山脊。

以色列与黎巴嫩之间由美国促成的协议要求黎巴嫩武装部队在以色列缓慢撤军后进入并确保这些地区的安全，并促进流离失所居民的返回。预计官员们将在本周于罗马讨论更多细节。

首批拟定确保安全的区域被描述为“试点区”，旨在测试上个月达成的更广泛协议。这些村庄已被列入撤军计划的第一阶段。

但该框架在黎巴嫩受到了批评，因为它为以色列的撤军设定了固定时间表，并与黎巴嫩政府试图加强真主党实力的尝试挂钩，而这一目标此前一直未能实现。

在黎巴嫩南部博福特城堡附近的丘陵地带，以色列表示已在此摧毁了隧道。

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8

纽约时报 国际版 周日，2020 年 8 月 2 日

太空垃圾碎片坠落，对地球居民构成威胁

接第 1 页

这是太空时代的常见碎片。在轨道上大约 16,000 颗卫星中，有相当一部分最终将返回地球。

2024, 年，国际空间站遗弃的发射物坠入了一户佛罗里达州的住宅。去年年初，一枚 SpaceX 火箭的碎片在波兰庞蒂亚克的一家繁忙购物中心附近着陆。据波兰航天局称，另一块碎片在市区机场附近被发现。

数据表明：一颗失效的中国卫星坠落在西班牙加那利群岛之一的特内里费岛。这颗三级卫星在碎裂之前在该地区引起了剧烈震动。

10 月，矿工在西澳大利亚的一条沙漠公路上发现了燃烧的碎片。近期，巨大的“太空孔”球体冲上了一个工业滩头。

监管无线电发射和轨道碎片（orbital jacks）的零散法规，已无法跟上过去 40 年的发展速度。

埃隆·马斯克的 SpaceX 在轨道上有超过 10,000 颗卫星，并已申请发射更多卫星。杰夫·贝佐斯的蓝色起源（Blue Origin）拥有类似的卫星，而中国的“星座计划”预计将拥有数十万颗卫星。

目前，人们被雷击的概率比被坠落的太空碎片击中的概率更高。唯一记录在案的案例是一位俄克拉荷马州女性在 1990 年代被碎片击中，她幸存了下来，伤势相对较轻。

最常见的是轨道碎片，一项为美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）开展的研究得出结论，到 2035, 年，仅 SpaceX 卫星的碎片就可能坠落或造成人员受伤。

该研究结论称，如果卫星在大气层中烧毁，风险将会降低。在一段时间内，

从左至右：天空中的碎片；土耳其国家媒体发布的 2020, 年肯尼亚 Melodist 附近火箭碎片照片；在澳大利亚冲岸的“太空孔”。2025, 年，美国太空部队对近 820 个进入地球大气层的物体发布了警报。

SpaceX 表示，其所有返回的卫星均已烧毁。然而，2024, 年，在加拿大的一座农场上发现了一块 SpaceX 的金属碎片。此前对 FAA 报告持有异议的 SpaceX 未对相关问题做出回应。该公司目前称，部分卫星约 1% 的质量可能无法完全烧毁。

雪城大学教授、前美国国家航空航天局（NASA）行政官员肖恩·奥基夫（Sean O'Keefe）表示：“这种质量缺失反映了想象力的匮乏。我们只是无法想象这件事会发生在自己身上。”

他补充道：“除非它落在某个大都市区。”

奥基夫先生和其他专家表示，应强制政府和公司提供能够完全消除风险的细节。

目前尚无此类法规。在美国，联邦通信委员会（FCC）要求公司报告卫星坠落引发事故的风险，但该机构主要专注于监管无线电频率。

负责监督发射的 FAA 曾提出一项关于组织清理轨道碎片的规则，但在太空工业界的抵制下，该计划于 1 月被撤回。

联合国条约规定了太空碎片造成人员伤亡或财产损失的责任，但这些是冷战时期的条约，适用范围有限。美国在 2007, 年发布了关于太空碎片的指南，当时卫星数量少得多。这些指南不具约束力。

如果物体处于自由落体状态，即使是最优秀的火箭科学家也无法准确预测它们将落在哪里，或者是否会完全烧尽。根据非营利研究机构航空航天委员会（Aerospace Committee）的说法，预测重返大气层的时间若出现 10 分钟误差，着陆区域可能会发生巨大偏移。

例如，1 月份，一个五球体穿过欧洲上空的大气层。它是一枚 3 号火箭的上面级，在一家名为 Landspace 的中国公司失去控制后坠落。

在上个月发射。全球各地的航天机构对该物体进行了为期四天的监测。这是一个普通的物体——重约 11 公吨——他们原本没预料到它会焚毁。

各国政府担心它可能会坠入人口密集地区。英国官员指示移动网络测试紧急警报系统。

“在未来，最后一次危机发生在欧洲上空，当时确实非常危险，”波兰航天局的西蒙斯先生说道。

最终，碎片坠落在压舱石或太平洋的某处。

火箭碎片正在加剧地缘政治紧张局势。

在非洲的几个手绘区域检查，以及该国内侧海岸的安装。

许多碎片可能坠落的周边深海区域位于南海的争议水域。

多年来，菲律宾渔民在这些海域一直与中国海警发生冲突。如今，他们还必须面对火箭碎片的威胁。

菲律宾航天局局长盖·琼·P·佩林（Guy June P. Perrin）表示，当中国卫星飘落或由于哈马斯（Hamas）的发射而将网格化时，菲律宾当局建议不要出海。

在过去的四年里，有 13 件火箭碎片（部分碎片有小型基地的尺寸）在菲律宾海滩被发现。该航天局表示，其中大多数碎片上有汉字标记或中国国旗的一部分。

“以前，我们关注的是海洋行动。现在我们面对的是火箭碎片，”佩鲁斯博士说。

如果太空垃圾击中了你的家，会发生什么？

如果碎片属于某家公司或某个机构，则由其承担责任。当地法律体系解决责任问题。

相关国家将根据美国条约请求赔偿以回收成本。

例如，《责任公约》规定，如果另一个国家的太空物体造成人员伤亡或财产损失，相关国家有权获得赔偿。另一项名为《救援与返回协定》的条约则允许政府获得返回太空物体的费用补偿。

但美国外层空间事务办公室负责法律和政策问题的阿布塞娜·尤尼昂·麦克纳马拉（Absaena Union McNamara）表示，这些条约编写于太空时代早期，当时各国更担心宇航员成为战俘或技术被盗。

她补充说，这些条款现在被应用于一个更加商业化且复杂的太空环境。

“条约起草的方式与如今被使用的方式之间存在差异，”她说。

那么，第一步就是确认碎片来自哪里。这意味着普通民众只能听凭政府的处置。

在肯尼亚，当局采取措施确认该环形物是一个法国火箭的一部分，该火箭曾发射过叙拉古电视卫星。据法国航天局称，该碎片在坠落前在地球轨道上运行了 10 年多。

法国外交部表示，肯尼亚政府尚未正式要求法国赔偿。据代表该地区的女性丹尼尔·马萨诺（Daniel Masano）称，政府也没有与村民分享这一信息，而村民们表示冲击力导致附近的房屋出现裂缝。

“政府说他们一直在支持对该物体的感知，因为那是过失的来源，”马萨诺先生说。

“但这并没有发生，”他说，“没有赔偿。”

在法国西南部，官员们没有要求房屋所有者遵守林业规定。

在法国东南部，官员们并未要求房主遵守林业法规

本文作者为 Catherine Porter, Stephen Le Hrodit 和 Samuel Granados。

巴黎 —— 在 2022 年波尔多周边地区发生火灾后，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙呼吁农村村庄最终执行长期被忽视的林业法规，旨在防止未来再次发生如此巨大的火灾。

在各项要求中，该地区的居民被指示清除房屋周围 30 米（约 24 码）范围内的所有灌木并修剪低垂的树枝，从而增加火灾进入村庄的难度。对于不遵守规定的人，市长应开出大约 $660 的罚单。

两位专家表示，根据一个地区森林所有者协会主席的说法，四年过去了，官员们很少核查波尔多西部森林的居民是否遵守了这些规定。而《纽约时报》对 33 个疏散村庄的卫星图像分析显示，部分市长并未执行。据市长们称，许多居民没有在房屋周围进行法定清理，是因为他们无法负担高昂的年度费用，且他们并不拥有森林生长地的土地所有权。

专家表示，这种疏忽可能是上个月另一场火灾如此轻易地蔓延至该地区村庄的原因之一，导致了法国林业史上最大规模的无预警疏散。这场火灾是法国数十年来的最大火灾，形成了火灾带并摧毁了至少 240 栋房屋。

检察官表示，火源可能来自一名农民使用的除灌木机器，该机器在索穆（Saumou）镇郊区的一条高压电线附近起火。当局尚未就火势蔓延如此之快的原因公布初步结论，其调查可能需要数月时间。

通常情况下，由于化石燃料的燃烧导致气温升高，此类火灾在该地区发生得更频繁且更为普遍。这使景观变得干燥，使得火势更容易蔓延。

Giulio Imbert 在巴黎参与报道，Jason Horowitz 在马德里参与报道。

官员们表示，在法国，这场火灾首次因温度极高而创造了一种名为“火云”的罕见天气现象，这使得火势更难控制。

通过报道，《纽约时报》发现，波尔多地区的景观和森林管理不善可能增加了风险。这些风险包括：

• 《纽约时报》发现，在火灾期间疏散的 33 个城镇中，大量房屋周围有“植被紧邻房屋”。

• 根据多名消防员的笔记，被派去扑救火灾的消防员发现，由于建筑物旁的植被被允许生长，他们不得不面对其中的火源。

• 国家森林局火灾专家 Christophe Chatteray 引用该局每年对 10,000 处房产的访问数据称，在全国范围内，超过 40 percent 的法国房产不符合国家法规。

“2022 年之后几乎没有做出实际改变，”波尔多大学的学者 Arthur Gariria-Turcq 说道。他的博士论文研究的是 2022 年火灾及其后该地区的生长情况。在距离起火点约九英里处，他对这些小屋进行了研究。

“在土地管理调整中没有建立新的燃料隔离带，而且极少创建新的防火带，”他说。他补充道，2022 年之后，“我们基本上回到了照常运作的状态。”

“我们都做得不够”

波尔多西部的森林被称为加索格林地（Landes de Gascouges），横跨约三英里，覆盖了法国的西南角。它是根据拿破仑三世下令排干区域沼泽并需要地块的指令而在第 100 年种植的，且在过去两年中有所需求。这片森林的建立是为了使用。从那时起，它已成为主要的商业林目标，成千上万的土地所有者在数年之前便开始收获这些地块。

在 2022 年，森林两处发生火灾，导致约 88,000 英亩土地被毁。这次灾难促使政府调整其应对气候变化时代的灭火策略，并放宽了关于清除灌木的规定。

但很少有人执行这些规定。

罗塞斯·莱克斯（Roses Lakes）是里高纳（Rigauna）市长，该镇位于该苗圃火灾起始地以南约 12 英里处。尽管他多次发出通知并举行年度会议，但该镇 100% 的拥有林地居民并未遵守规则。

在附近的劳拉斯（Lauras）镇，上周有 33 栋房屋被焚毁，市长洛伊克·巴隆格（Loïc Ballongue）估计执行率仅为 10% 到 20%。

“我认为我们大家都做得不足，”巴隆格说。

许多试图阻止由这种膨胀引起的火灾的消防员无法获得最佳效果。资深消防员兼国家工会发言人埃里克·布索尔特（Éric Bousault）表示，房屋周围的灌木清理情况不佳，他在地面与消防员共同工作了十天。

“我们正将消防员置于危险之中，因为有些房屋需要保卫，但房主却没有采取措施使其具备可保卫性，”他说。“从历史上看，如果我们未来让消防员在他人不遵守法定灌木清理规则的情况下为之冒生命危险，我们实际上是在增加风险。”

一些市长表示，对于其余的执法工作来说，要求房主负责是比较合理的，因为居民认为他们应该关闭。据国家资助的林业机构该地区主任斯特凡·拉克鲁瓦（Stéphane Lacroix）称，超过 80% 的森林由 100,000 名大小不同的私人土地所有者所有。

成本也是一个问题。一些管理者无法承担清除灌木的费用，这可能花费数千欧元且每年需要重复进行。

“对于普通人来说，这是难以承受的，”巴隆格先生说。

里高纳市长拉博斯（Labos）先生表示，他曾尝试成功通过“税收豁免或财务资助来激励人们完成这项工作”。

“如果没有这些，我们永远无法让他们去做，”他补充道。

另一座被火灾破坏的城镇拉坦普（La Temple）的市长奥利维尔·哈拉德（Olivier Halard）表示，法规过于宽松，国家应规定房屋周围至少 50 米范围内的所有树木和灌木必须清理干净。

火灾专家查特雷（Chatteray）先生则认为，让房主而非森林所有者支付伐树费用是合理的，因为房屋在需要安全保障时经常被使用。

“森林所有者并没有要求从中获利，”他说。此外，他表示遵守法律符合房主的利益。在过去二十年 90% 的严重火灾案例中，林业人员发现被焚毁房屋周边的区域未进行妥善清理。

“机器陷入地中”

一些专家认为，在村庄附近设置更多缓冲区的作用有限。同样有问题的是未能使森林免受损害。

1999 年和 2000 年的严重风暴摧毁了森林中大面积的种植区，导致农民通过种植许多新植株来填补空缺。

根据法国最高审计机构 2021 年的一份报告，这造成了大量同龄树木连续分布的区块，缺乏开阔空间和景观截断，而这些本有助于防止火势蔓延。

“唯一的情况就是它们在地面上接上了，当我们看到火势触底时，它立刻就窜到了顶部，”加里里亚-图尔克（Mr. Gariria-Turcq）先生说道。

针对 2022 年的火灾，马克龙（Mr. Macron）先生表示，森林内部应该建立更多的防火隔离带，“特别是当火灾风险存在时——也就是说，几乎在任何地方。”

专家、土地所有者和市长们表示，首先，这一点尚未实现。

例如，在火灾始发的索穆（Saumou）和 100 栋房屋在几天内被烧毁的拉潘格（La Pange）之间。“我认为我们无法通过防火隔离带来减缓火势，”加里里亚-图尔克先生说。

据拉博斯（Mr. Labos）先生称，这一进程受到了基于气候的障碍、环保人士以及森林所有者本人的反对，因为后者认为将种植园的一部分纳入计划将没有回报。

据拉博斯先生称，即使在目前的火灾期间，当地当局也花了两天时间才准备好在森林前沿地带进行新的伐木。当地省政府未回应评论请求。

他说，一旦获得许可，森林场地协会能够在短短 0.2 天内砍伐 75 英里的新通道，每条通道宽 50 码以上。

面对如此规模的火灾，部分措施能起到的作用有限。“大气环境下，”当地一名拥有 90 米宽地块的农民、市长泰里拉（Mayor Terrira）表示，火势瞬间将其覆盖。

“更长期的解决方案，特别是加里里亚-图尔克所说的，是通过不同的土地利用方式来打破森林的连续性。”

“剩下的问题是：未来我们在这里能否从事林业以外的工作？我们不能引入更多的农业或畜牧业吗？”他说。“我们需要远离某种单一文化以更好地保护森林，这才是问题的关键。”

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纽约时报 国际版 周日，2, 2026年8月

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乌克兰在曾经敌视的阵地取得进展：特朗普的 MAGA 运动

本文由 Anton Protasovitch, Kim Bessinger 和 Constant Milieux 撰写。

华盛顿 —— 乌克兰为极右翼活动人士劳拉·洛默（Laura Loemer）铺平了道路，她经常与特朗普总统交流。

上个月底，她与总统马赫约里·泽连斯基（Mahéyory Zelensky）进行了约 40 分钟的交谈。泽连斯基对乌克兰新任代理国防部长进行了首次采访，并与其国家相关人员进行了会面。

极右翼活动人士劳拉·洛默上个月访问了乌克兰，并与马赫约里·泽连斯基总统会面。

由于她热爱狗，行程中还专门安排了一次动物收容所的参观。

“他们把我视为特朗普政府的延伸，尽管我并不为特朗普政府工作，”洛默女士在一次采访中说道。

洛默女士通过电话表示，她过去曾呼应俄罗斯关于乌克兰由非亚裔管理等论调，而她的到来以及新近出现的亲乌克兰青少年在当地引起了“涟漪”。

洛默女士此次行程引发的关注，反映了乌克兰及其支持者多年来所做的努力，旨在消除特朗普总统及其 MAGA 运动对该国战争努力所抱持的怀疑态度。

“右翼在伊朗战争上的分歧似乎也正在影响那里关于俄罗斯和乌克兰的政治斗争。”

亲乌克兰团体长期以来一直强调，该运动在俄罗斯的吸引力以及部分俄罗斯基督徒的劝说作用。他们为保守派活动人士、牧师和影响力人物组织了访问乌克兰的行程。他们曾在斯波戴特·米科-阿申（Spodate Miko-Asheon）位于路易斯安那州的教堂对面竖起一块印有圣经经文的广告牌。

但他们一直难以在特朗普先生、他的亲信以及关键的右翼声音中取得进展。自 90 年秋季以来，特朗普先生在广泛且批判性的调查中，一直前往俄罗斯与弗拉基米尔·I·普京总统会晤，但未前往乌克兰。前政府官员帕克·卡尔森（Parker Carlson）多次拜访普京先生，称其“试图让俄罗斯重新基督化”，而特朗普先生则一直表示他信任这位俄罗斯领导人。

“最终，总统是唯一决定的人，”亲乌克兰非营利组织“俄罗斯支持乌克兰”（Russia for Ukraine）的高级顾问梅琳达·杜林（Melinda During）说道，她在该组织负责与特朗普政府的沟通。

杜林女士表示，虽然许多 MAGA 人物对乌克兰的情况表现出了“个人支持和资源”，但他们“无能为力，因为唐纳德·特朗普还没有改变主意”。

“但这就是为什么他以及其他乌克兰支持者现在认为洛默女士的访问代表了一个转折点。”洛默女士表示，她在乌克兰期间给特朗普先生打了电话。另一方面，她表示，当她曾称泽连斯基先生的宴会令人悲伤时，她“感受到了俄罗斯的宣传”。“而且，我明白了。”

目前出现了一些迹象：随着俄罗斯的入侵进入第四年半，特朗普先生可能会给乌克兰支持者更多空间，但几乎没有迹象表明会发生决定性的转变。

总统在 7 月初表示，他将允许乌克兰制造马丁防空系统，随后上周告诉《金融时报》，他不“确定”是否会这样做。

Anton Protasovitch 在华盛顿报道，Kim Bessinger 在洛杉矶报道，Constant Milieux 在乌克兰基辅报道。Kim Burker 在伦敦参与报道。

他一直保持对普京先生的同情态度。

“我希望他能结束战争，”特朗普先生在上周于白宫会见泽连斯基先生后对他评价道。“我和普京总统相处得很好。我也和泽连斯基总统相处得很好。”

泽连斯基先生前往华盛顿参加南卡罗来纳州共和党参议员林赛·格雷厄姆（Lindsey Graham）的葬礼。有些人希望洛默女士能填补该席位，成为一个能让特朗普先生倾听的亲乌克兰资深人士。

Loemer女士最初在右翼文化中崭露头角，凭借其在二十多岁时反巴西和主张本土化的立场；去年，她通过说服总统解雇六名国家安全助手，证明了自己对特朗普先生的个人影响力。与此同时，她通过支持他袭击伊朗的决定，进一步与特朗普先生站在一起。

Loemer女士表示，两个右翼分歧点是伊朗和以色列。其中一个导致了她在乌克兰问题上的心态转变。在她最大的两名在线新闻人士——卡尔森先生及其雇佣的Owens孩子中，两人在批评伊朗战争及美国与以色列联盟的同时，加倍坚持他们亲俄罗斯的立场。

尽管这些人都有话要说，而且他们都在俄乌战争中激进地支持俄罗斯？Loemer女士说，“一个国家充满了工作，他们还在谎称什么。”

在X平台上拥有近两百万追随者的Loemer女士表示，她的工作对他们来说更难开展。她在5月的一次采访中提到这种衰落，并表示她正在向朋友们完成她的“最后一击”。她通过X表示，“我认为这是我的观点”，她前往乌克兰的行程费用是由“担心我安全的私人美国人”补贴的。

根据Loemer女士的说法，由于美国核能专家和伊朗船只的关系，这提供了前往乌克兰旅行的机会。Loemer女士声明该个体“不愿提供良好服务，且在适当的时间内没有多次前往乌克兰以深入了解冲突”。

她的联系工作集中在为这个发展中国家提供航空和住宿的需求，寻找一名当地摄像师陪同Loemer女士，并筹集资金以支付在乌克兰期间的安保费用。在Loemer女士抵达之前，该人员安排了多次行程，包括参观一家新工厂、医疗产业和多个靠近伊朗前线的地点，以及与高级官员会面。

曾任共和党国会办公厅主任并创办了一家支持乌克兰慈善机构的Seven次表示，Loemer女士的这次行动标志着一个转折点，因为她反击了几位在很大程度上重复反乌克兰叙事的右翼大V，例如卡尔森先生和Owens先生。

近几个月来，Morin先生宣布乌克兰针对俄罗斯军队的无人机行动取得成功，旨在将普京先生描绘成特朗普先生长期以来表示最鄙视的一种人：一个失败者。

他的组织“乌克兰总统项目”（Ukraine President Projov）发起了一场名为“种族自豪感”的在线广告活动，重点展示俄罗斯军队在战场上的惨状、黑海舰队大部分被瘫痪的情况以及该国挣扎中的经济。

他说：“没有人想与傻瓜或失败者联系在一起。特朗普喜欢赢家，他喜欢与赢家联系在一起，而乌克兰现在就是赢家。”

在5月和6月，Morin先生的组织为保守派媒体组织了一次为期 10 天的乌克兰之行，其中包括为Loemer女士工作的公关专家Andrew Moore。该团队访问了前线军事单位，参观了受战争影响的教堂，并会见了泽连斯基先生的幕僚长Kyrylo Budanov。

一个半月后，Loemer女士抵达乌克兰，重新审视并放大她此前传播的反乌克兰叙事。她会见了拉比Moshe Reuven-Antian，他是该国领先的犹太原住民领袖之子，其儿子在与俄罗斯军队作战时阵亡。

身为犹太人的Loemer女士在社交媒体上写道：“拉比告诉我，他死去的犹太儿子并没有与纳粹并肩作战。”

在接下来的议题中，她反对美国支持乌克兰，将其定义为一项投资而非慈善行为——而后者是特朗普先生长期以来主导的定性——她指出，目前用于帮助美国中东盟友防御伊朗袭击的最前沿技术正源于此。

这场辩论，前福克斯新闻（Fox News）的架构师罗珀·艾尔斯（Roper Ailes）表示，这种论点能够引起 MAGA 选民群体的共鸣。

“特朗普需要一种能够向美国人民推销乌克兰议题的语言，”他说道，“而劳拉·卢默（Laura Loemer）正在为他提供这种语言。”

新闻分析

伊朗战争加深了对美国信誉的质疑

作者：STEVEN KRAJACHS

柏林——唐纳德·特朗普总统在伊朗发起的战争目前已进入第九个月，似乎正走向一场奇怪的失败。

人们担心，美国无法将军事优势转化为稳定性，而伊朗所展现出的脆弱性将受到俄罗斯和中国的欢迎。此外，特朗普先生的推动仍未达成目标，且美国军方在维持全球覆盖所需的关键军备上已出现短缺。

目前，在一个更为激进的政府领导下，伊朗似乎处于孤立状态，其核计划和弹道导弹计划虽然受损但并未被摧毁，且霍尔木兹海峡实际上处于其控制之下。这场战争使美国和以色列都处于较弱的地位，并且双方在为此结果互相指责。

伊朗的导弹和无人机不仅能限制海峡的交通，破坏盟友能源生产的经济基础设施，还持续威胁着美国及其在整个中东地区的美国使用者，并造成美国服役人员伤亡。

据称，随着特朗普先生目标的转变——军事和外交信誉的瓦解，他在战争中的部分行动给人的印象是，美国已成为一个不受控制的全球混乱工具。

战争可能会演变，但到目前为止，结果是“奇怪”的，而且影响深远。查塔姆研究所（Chatham House）前主任罗宾·尼尔森（Robin Nilsen）认为，这场战争对于美国及其盟友以及依赖美国安全保障的人来说，证实了美国是不可信的。

他补充说，美国已经经历了自身的崩塌，“人们不会忘记，由于一个不可预测且不断恶化的美国外交政策，他们的安全和家园受到了质疑。”

盟友们还记得特朗普先生曾试图从一个北约（NATO）盟友手中夺取格陵兰岛，以及对乌克兰军事力量的干预。美国也未能达到其支出目标。中东盟友并不认为这场战争保障了他们自己的安全，即便他们对此保持沉默。尽管他们与华盛顿维持着重大合作伙伴关系，但国际危机组（International Crisis Group）的伊朗项目主任Vactz认为，他们已经在进行对冲，寻求与伊朗建立必要联系，并改善与欧洲、中国和俄罗斯的关系。

尼尔森先生表示，许多国家原本就不喜欢当时的全球秩序，但现在情况有所不同。“美国已经证实自己是一个混乱的势力，每个人都在从中吸取教训，并试图减少依赖，”他说。“没有人想受制于一个不顾未来的随机外交政策，这就是一场奇怪的失败。”

Vactz先生将近期其他进展视为美国已失去盟友安全保证信誉的证据，其中包括特朗普先生在宣布与沙特阿拉伯达成里程碑式核协议一个月后，突然改变要求。

“与特朗普达成一项核协议，结果他在 10 小时内就撤回了，”Vactz先生说。“这就是美国的信誉危机，无论是核军事力量还是外交承诺都不可信。”

特朗普先生辩称，防止伊朗获得核武器至关重要，且最终将通过压力迫使其屈服。他在周五表示，他预计伊朗最终会意识到无法承受更多惩罚，并将在美国的条款下进行谈判。

“我们会打击他们。我们会狠狠地打击他们，”特朗普先生说。“在某个时间点，他们会说，‘我们实在承受不住了’。”

但对于伊朗人，他似乎不再抱有信心，抱怨他们“总是想谈谈”，但在谈判后却违背承诺。“他们会进入内部，”他说，“然后他们就反悔了。”

第二次世界大战让美国在国内变得更强，在国外拥有更多影响力。但自那时起，美国的军事记录则褒贬不一。

FRANK H. WASHINGTON, MD, 1926. © 1926-1928, 1928-1929

一条显示已故最高领袖阿里·卡扎内尼（Ayatollah Ali Khazaneni）在德黑兰大巴扎（Grand Bazaar）的横幅

更愿意承受冲突带来的痛苦和开支，正如越南、伊拉克和阿富汗那样，美国被排斥在外。

这场在伊朗的战争可能会有类似的结果，只要华盛顿能找到一个充分的理由来止损并回家。

前美国谈判代表、卡内基国际和平基金会（Carnegie Endowment for International Peace）学者亚伦·戴维·米勒（Aaron David Miller）表示，这场冲突已经“损害了美国的威慑力与信誉，激怒了美国的盟友，并令其对手欣喜”。“如果霍尔木兹海峡落入伊朗的掌控和杠杆之中，那绝对是一场惨败。”

由于关键防空能力严重短缺，美国作为盟友安全保证者的信誉已经丧失，包括特朗普先生在宣布与沙特阿拉伯达成具有里程碑意义的核协议仅一个月后，就突然改变要求。

“与特朗普达成一项核协议，结果他 10 小时后就反悔了，”Vactz 先生说。“这是美国信誉的危机，无论是核军力还是外交承诺都不可信。”

特朗普先生主张，防止伊朗获得核武器至关重要，而且最终将采取强制手段予以压制。他在周五表示，他预计伊朗最终会意识到自己无法承受更多惩罚，从而按照美国的条件进行谈判。

“我们会打击他们。我们会非常猛烈地打击他们，”特朗普先生说。“在某个时间点，他们会说，‘我们真的承受不了了。’”

但无论他之前对伊朗人有多少信心，他现在都在抱怨他们“总是想谈谈”，但在谈判后却食言。“他们会进入内部，”他说，“然后就翻脸了。”

第二次世界大战让美国在国内变得更强大，在国外拥有更多影响力。但自那时起，美国的军事记录则好坏参半。

Vactz 先生表示，他们与华盛顿打交道，且希望美军的进攻性军事资产撤出。

“外交关系很简单，”他说。在地区压力下，“他们需要朝同一个方向努力，以从美国获得让步，并获得保证，确保对伊朗的袭击不会再次发生。”

其利益盟友的决定可能会增强他们的立场。但由于该决定，他们能够掌控沙特石油出口前往亚洲所经过的海峡。

但即便是在伊朗内部那些倾向于与美国进一步谈判的决策者，也在失去信心，认为特朗普先生能够就霍尔木兹海峡或其他任何事项达成并维持协议。经济外交研究机构 Banzar 基金会总理 Khaedyar Balmatoghan 如此认为。

“伊朗领导人对于与特朗普政府的外交能取得什么成果已经变得极度悲观，”他说。

华盛顿发动了一场不知道如何取胜或结束的战争，而伊朗则对任何达成的协议的执行情况持怀疑态度。Vactz 先生表示，未来几周可能会出现一种持续的、在伊朗与美国之间往复的援助与升级循环，一种新形式的“永久战争”。

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纽约时报 国际版，星期日，2020年8月2日

摩洛哥向西班牙小型领土发起的短暂而令人费解的冲击

源自第 1 页

几年前，上一次有这么多非欧洲人涌入欧洲控制的领土，颠覆了该大陆的政治并刺激了反移民右翼的崛起。

随着这座城市的居民躲避起来并关闭他们的店铺，一群大多由年轻人组成的群体填满了广场和街道、公寓庭院、俯瞰点和桥下通道。有些人花了好几天时间在西班牙海军舰艇巡逻的海域中，或在被水流卷走的漂浮碎片——塑料袋和水瓶——之间等待。其他人则穿过一片布满同行者携带物品的海滩：单只鞋子、一件脱掉的潜水服、手机壳，以及一张来自卡萨布兰卡的 22-cent 票据。

西班牙士兵（其中许多人在周四被动员以应对此次危机）站在附近的坦克旁。他们看着移民在海滩淋浴器下饮水，并面对着岛屿的水域，标语写着：“危机，你能感受到潮湿的地方。”

在附近，年轻的青少年在巨大的游说恐怖分子的旋涡下大笑，他们是海滩商店地面上的健身设备。Alondón 先生穿着一套粉色的游说服，赤裸着喉咙，黑色的 T 恤挂在肩上。他说，他在翻越边界附近的岩石时，身上的衣服被割破了。

他说，他的旅程令人失望。就像许多人一样，他迷失在星辰之中，并被试图阻止他的士兵和警察追赶。“没有秘密，没有食物，没有睡觉的地方，”他说，“什么都没有。”

当移民接管了

两名从摩洛哥移民到西班牙塞塔街道上的男子之间爆发了紧张局势。

屏幕显示，居民大多躲在家里，关闭了他们的店铺和企业。

年长的 Francisco Pérez，65, 岁，在移民在他周围走动时，赶紧将他的孙子孙女安置在座位上。他说他的孙女问为什么他们不能去海滩，以及为什么有“这么多 摩洛哥 人”。他说，当地人感到“恐惧”，并对 西班牙 政府感到愤怒，因为他认为政府抛弃了他们。

西班牙 总理 Pedro Sánchez 试图通过在周五早晨匆忙前往 塞塔 以向公民表示支持，并谴责这次涌入是“对 西班牙 领土完整地侵犯”来避免此类反应。

Sánchez 先生的右翼批评者——无论是在国内、欧洲各地还是全世界（包括白宫）——认为移民的激增是对其亲移民政策的谴责。他的政府允许今年超过 100 万在 西班牙 非法居住的移民申请合法居留权——反对者表示，这一举措有助于诱使移民到来。

对于移民反对者来说，移民席卷这座 西班牙 小型领土的画面成了他们论点的“证物 A”。 塞塔 突然之间变成了不受控制的非法移民危险的国际例证。

“没有水，”一名移民说，“没有食物，没有睡觉的地方。”

非法移民。

作为回应，Sánchez 先生指责人口贩子误导移民，让他们以为可以以此向 西班牙 索赔任何损害——并指出，尽管采取了移民工业政策，但近年来 西班牙 吸引的非法移民数量少于一些欧洲邻国。

目前尚不清楚为什么有这么多的人来到 塞塔 。周五在 塞塔 徘徊的许多 摩洛哥 人在思考，边境的开放是否源于 摩洛哥 某种未知的计划，因为 摩洛哥 过去曾多次通过操纵移民流来施加政治压力。

“我不知道为什么他们让我们通过，” 24, 岁的 Ajoufi el-Arto 说，他表示是通过社交媒体得知边境开放的。“也许他们有某种政治原因。他们打开了边境，让每个人都通过了。”

他补充道：“当出现政治问题时，摩洛哥就会打开大门，引导我们前往。”

35 岁的 Douan Simi 表示，她也是在社交媒体上得知这次无限制跨境行动的，她说“我们‘统一’行动并确定了地点”，吸引了来自摩洛哥各地的民众。她说她能说英语、法语和西班牙语，并表示她曾从事一份不错的工作，但决定抓住这次机会。

她翻过围栏，发誓要到达西班牙海岸。她说，她原以为那里会更加热情地接待他们，但那里没有人提供食物、水或睡觉的地方。尽管如此，她说：“我不会回去的。”

许多人似乎并不确切知道自己在这里做什么。

一些年轻人，穿着运动服或足球球衣，赤脚或有时只穿一只凉拖，在户外游荡。一名青少年轻轻敲打着一家关闭的食品市场格栅，而其他人则在城市锁闭的超市周围渴望地徘徊。

随着周五早晨转为炎热，烈日驱散了云层，人们在任何能找到的地方寻找阴凉。一名年轻人聚集在港口终端附近一座巨大的赫拉克勒斯雕像下。其他人则倚在加油站的泵旁，或在当地美食吧搭建的废弃摊位顶棚下休憩。更多的人在垃圾桶里寻找食物，或向路人乞求水，其中一名女性被一名 Zara 男士暗示。

63 岁的 Subayman Ahmed 是一名塞塔居民，摩洛哥裔，他说他不敢相信摩洛哥竟然允许这么多人通过。

“他们必须投入更多资源来阻止人们到来，”他说，并抱怨包括桑切斯先生在内的政治家们出现在边境的行为无异于一场“戏剧”。

随着时间推移，情况变得明朗，许多移民正在离开。在海边步道，那些在城里的士兵使用手机播放信息给记者，告诉他们回家。其他西班牙士兵和警察威胁移民，采取手段将他们推回边境。在城市中，一群强悍的西班牙年轻男子在恐吓并威胁摩洛哥走私者。

即使仍有少数迟到者在水边等待，大规模的返回行动已经在进行中。

根据西班牙内政部的数据，到凌晨 4 点，已有 45,300 人返回边境。他们穿过海岸线边境前哨之间的一小片海滩，带着装满衣服和塑料袋的行囊，面对着大声喝令移民离开塞塔的西班牙士兵。然后，他们走过顶有铁丝网和泛光灯的大门，回到了摩洛哥。

Alondón 先生在长队中移动，对他这次跨境冒险深感失望。

“他们没有给我们任何东西，”他说，“他们一直在大喊：‘滚出西班牙’。”

西班牙在移民政策激烈辩论中安装浮动屏障

数十人在试图进入自治市时丧生

作者：卡洛斯·巴拉甘 (CARLOS BARRAGAN) 和 赛尼基·克鲁特尔 (CYNIKY CRUTEL)

克鲁特尔 西班牙 —— 西班牙当局周六表示，在两天前数万名移民涌入该领土并引发欧洲各国对西班牙控制边境能力质疑后，他们正地在摩洛哥与自治市 Costa 之间的海堤附近安装浮动屏障。

这一公告来自西班牙内政部，此时绝大多数移民似乎已经离开了 Costa——这是西班牙在北非的一个飞地。对于那些留下的人，以及试图逃避警察和愤怒的当地群众的人来说，接下来的情况依然不明。

根据西班牙内政部的数据，在从摩洛哥进入的大约 30,000 到 80,000 人中，至少有 40,300 人在周五下午晚些时候返回了那里，而另有数百人继续在夜间行动。Costa 西班牙政府的一名新闻发言人表示，最近几天至少有 67 人在试图进入该市时死亡。

Costa 的危机促使超过 50 个欧盟国家致信欧盟委员会，要求内政部长举行紧急会议。西班牙首相佩德罗·桑切斯 (Pedro Sánchez) 亲自致信委员会，针对政府的移民政策，并指责那些要求暂停西班牙在 black free movement area 地位的人是“within”。

进入 Costa 的大多数移民是并不寻求工作的摩洛哥年轻人。周六，几百名来自非洲其他地区的移民在城市西北部的一处海滩聚集。许多人表示，他们认为西班牙不能将他们遣返回摩洛哥，因为他们来自其他国家。

“我不想去摩洛哥，”24 岁的卡迈尔·奥马尔 (Kamal Omar) 说道。他说他因为内战于 2012 年离开苏丹家园，并于去年抵达摩洛哥。“请给我们提供保护。”

西班牙政府似乎专注于加强与摩洛哥的边境管控。周五，桑切斯先生表示，西班牙被迫重新部署拦截屏障——一个物理屏障，即便只是一个视觉上的屏障。

这还将符合西班牙前国家地区法院的一项近期裁决。桑切斯先生说，该状态促使移民涌入以寻求工作。

桑切斯先生将跨境大规模问题的扩散归咎于 human trafficless。他表示，在海上被拦截的移民不能立即被送回，除非他们在尝试抵达 Costa 时绕过了屏障。

由摩洛哥方面的报道以及布鲁塞尔的犹太人共同贡献。

疲惫的移民们（如上图）在从摩洛哥跨境后，周六在自治市 Costa 的一处海滩上睡觉；而其他人（最右侧）在等待人道主义援助时聚集在公共淋浴区。西班牙政府开始安装浮动屏障（右侧），试图防止本周跨境浪潮的重演。

西班牙领土。

内政部在一份声明中表示，新结构是一个 500 米（约 1,000 英尺）长的充气屏障，向水下延伸深达一米。该部门表示，西班牙海军提供的一线锚定重型设备将对其进行加强。

人权观察组织 (Human Rights Watch) 难民与移民权利部门的朱迪思·桑德兰 (Judith Sunderland) 表示，西班牙的计划“在发出红色警示”。

“很难想象当局将如何拦截试图绕过屏障游泳的人，”桑德兰女士说。她回想起 2014 年的一次事件，当时西班牙国民警卫队对一组试图从海路抵达 Costa 的人群采取了行动。在那次尝试中，至少 10 人死亡。

桑切斯先生在右翼的批评者们利用这次危机将他描绘成在移民问题上 too late，他们称这项新措施不足。

DRUG CONFERENCE ON THE TRACTS FROM A CITY'S TRACTS

“不能通过在海里投入时间来保障边境安全，”主要反对派保守党人民党的领导人阿尔贝托·努涅斯·弗里汉（Alberto Núñez Friján）周五表示。

桑切斯先生在周六反击了欧洲许多反移民领导人和右翼政治家，这些人将这次危机归咎于他政府友好的移民政策。

桑切斯先生表示，在欧盟委员会的一次行动中，有些人“选择攻击西班牙，并要求将其暂时排除在申根区之外”，申根区允许欧洲国家之间自由流动。

“这种态度——由偏见、假新闻、无知或政治利益驱动——不仅违反了欧洲法律、人道主义法以及将我们联系在一起的团结原则，”桑切斯先生在信中写道，他的办公室于周六分享了这封信。

“这也违背了欧洲的长期利益和最基本的常识，”他补充道，并指出西班牙是欧盟中外部屏障最薄弱的国家之一。

二十二位欧洲领导人在周六给欧盟委员会写了一封信，要求内政部长们立即召开会议，并对进入塞塔（Ceuta）的跨境行为采取协调应对措施。

这封信由意大利总理乔治奥·莫利塞（Giorgio Molise）和德国的阿尔贝托·弗雷德里塔诺（Alberto Frederitano）签署。信中提到，包括德国总理弗里德里希·梅尔茨（Friedrich Marz）在内的领导人表示，欧盟不能允许大规模跨境行为制造出这样一种印象，“即移民的非法入境可以转化为合法步骤”。

这些领导人在信中写道，这将“鼓励进一步的尝试，削弱对我们共同移民政策的信心，并对所有成员国产生影响”。

几个世纪以来，塞塔一直由西班牙统治，与位于同一海岸线更东端的另一个西班牙自治区城市梅利利亚（Melilla）一样。这些领土是欧盟在非洲唯一的陆地边界，长期以来一直是西班牙和摩洛哥之间紧张关系的焦点。虽然塞塔属于欧盟和申根区，但它在特殊规则下运行，要求人们在前往西班牙本土及欧盟其他地区之前必须经过额外的边境检查。

周六，摩洛哥年轻人仍在塞塔的街道上徘徊，寻找食物或在街道阴影下躲避，当警察或士兵靠近时，他们便匆忙跑向山丘或在街上奔逃。

“民众中仍有一种平静感，”塞塔市长胡安·赫苏斯·维瓦斯（Juan Jesús Vivas）周六表示。

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纽约时报 国际版 周日，2026年8月2日

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一名女子在日本镰能都县（Kamanoto Prefecture）一座在上周地震中坍塌的房屋附近的溪流中取水。

日本特派报道

地震与酷热构成“双重灾难”

本文由 River Akiva Davis, Hiraide Ueno 和 Kindo Natsun 撰写。

在日本西南地区发生大地震后，应急工作人员和数千名流离失所的居民在酷暑中进行着艰苦的救援工作。

四天后，周四发生在 Kamanoto 的 4.5 级地震造成的死亡人数已上升至 16。救援人员一直在应对余震——据日本气象厅称，余震次数约为 240 至 64 次——以及超过 500 度的极端气温（或更高），任何幸存者都将被困在坍塌的建筑中。5,000 多人正在避难中心寻求庇护。

在被毁的 Aeon 购物中心闷热的傍晚，数百名救援人员轮班冲入其中，搬起混凝土块和扭曲的金属，搜寻幸存者。该建筑二楼坍塌导致 7 人死亡，另有 5 人被从废墟中救出。

“我们不知道是否所有人都找到了，所以我们仍在继续搜寻，”周四傍晚驻守在购物中心的 Kamanoto 警方官员 Takeshi Ueda 说道。他表示，由于重型设备的影响，被掏空建筑内部积聚的热量对于穿着沉重装备并佩戴口罩的工作人员来说“极其艰苦”。

他补充说，这种情况也非常危险，因为“支撑框架仅靠细线维系”。“在这样的条件下操作非常艰苦。”

15 Kamanoto，未来几天和几周的救援工作将至关重要。

1936 年该地区发生强震时，起初因建筑坍塌导致的直接伤亡人数约为 10 人。随着避难者因在坍塌的避难所和车辆中长时间停留而引发的次生健康并发症死亡，这场灾难的最终总死亡人数超过了 270 人。

这一次，主要的挑战可能是与酷暑搏斗。

周二的事件是该地震频发国家在盛夏月份期间发生的首次此强度地震。

左图，Yamashiro 的一座初中体育馆被改造成避难中心。右图，Nippon Paper Industries 工厂，在该处烟囱坍塌时有 9 人死亡。

自地震以来，根据当地官员的统计，Kamanoto 已有数十人因疑似中暑被送往医院。

“今年夏天的极端高温代表了一种真正可以用‘双重灾难’来描述的情况，”日本内阁官房长官 Minoru Kihara 在周五的新闻发布会上表示。Kihara 先生承诺，国家政府将提供支持，帮助该县获得空调设备。

叠加的悲剧

在地震发生后的几天里，该县内日本地区的 Kamanoto 市的情况在很大程度上未得到充分关注。但进入市区后，道路破碎且纵横交错，远处可见黑烟滚滚。在靠近震中的 Yamashiro，一排排木造房屋被压扁，屋内物品散落在街道上。

85 岁的 Elite Ushibashi 前往 Yamashiro 的一个避难中心（由一所中学的体育馆临时改建），以躲避酷暑，因为地震造成的剧烈摇晃损坏了她家中的空调。她指出，10 年前袭击 Kamanoto 的那次大地震发生在气候较为温和的 4 月。

“但这次真的太热了，”她说。

周一，该县部分地区的温度预计将达到 40 摄氏度（或 104 华氏度），这是日本气象部门现在称之为“kukushoku”或“酷暑日”的阈值。

据县政府官员称，374 个避难中心为房屋被毁的居民提供了庇护，其中 140 个中心缺乏可运行的公用设施。但许多此类设施缺乏空调。

在 Yamashiro，中学的避难中心接纳了大约 200 户家庭，并设有气候控制系统。志愿者学生在入口处为居民办理登记，避难者在内部休息，许多人睡在铺在体育馆地板上的毯子上。该设施最近开始接收来自附近一所缺乏空调电力的小学的避难者。

“考虑到现在的季节，没有空调的地方基本上无法使用，”负责现场运作的 Yamashiro 市政府工作人员 Atsuko Kudo 说道。她说，即使中学有空调，仍有几名避难者在白天回到受损家中清理碎片后，因中暑而住院。

“除非恢复水和电这两大生命线，否则这里避难者的人数在短期内不会减少，”Kudo 女士说。

72 岁的 Mouse Taniguchi 也是周五在 Yamashiro 清理家中碎片的居民之一。地震发生时，她正坐在沙发上，沙发在摇晃中在屋内滑动。“震动如此难以置信——根本停不下来，”她说。“在某一时刻，我完全放弃了，心想‘我就要死在这里了’。”

周五，Taniguchi 女士家中有了电但没有自来水，这迫使她每天在酷暑中外出四次，使用对面商店连接地下水供应的软管来接水。她住在 Nippon Paper Industries 工厂附近几个街区的地方，该工厂在烟囱坍塌时造成 9 人死亡。该设施最后一名失踪的工人在周四被发现死亡。

曾在该工厂工作至退休的 Taniguchi 女士表示，她认识几名遇难工人。“我一生都在看着那些烟囱冒烟，”她说。“这太令人心碎了。”

救援队在致命雪崩后发现著名登山家遗体

作者：BRNOO CHINNIE 和 ELIAN PEUTIER

著名英籍尼泊尔登山家 Normal Purja 以在创纪录的时间内登顶多座世界最高峰而闻名。周四，在被袭击的 Makinami-Broad Peak（世界最高山之一）的一处地点，救援队于 10:10 发现了他的遗体。他享年 65 岁。

瑞典顶级登山公司 Elite Espoel 在周六的一篇社交媒体帖子中确认了他的死亡。

Purja 先生惊人的登山成就曾启发了一部 2021 年的 Netflix 纪录片。但他的名声在 2024 年受到损害，当时有两名登山者称他曾对他们进行不受欢迎的性骚扰，他否认了这些指控。

Purja 先生与分布在四个队伍中的另外 9 名登山者于周四清晨出发前往 Broad Peak 峰顶。当地时间上午 9 点，四名操作员与登山者取得了联系，周四晚间出现了雪崩报告。

Purja 先生的商业伙伴 Human Aljabal Ramai 向纽约时报表示，Purja 先生的遗体已被发现，但未立即确认遗体是否已被移出。在巴基斯坦的救援队于周五晚上暂停工作后，当地官员表示，已定位了几名登山者的遗体。

Elite Espoel 在帖子中表示，其他登山者也已遇难，点名了“他信任的登山伙伴和向导 Pur Bahadur Gurung (Yakita) 和 Yotsa Sherpa”，且截至周六下午，至少有三名其他登山者被确认死亡。当地官员未立即回应置评请求。

尼泊尔总理 Bakindya Shah 在社交媒体上发布了对 Purja 先生的悼词。他写道：“尽管 Normal Purja 和其他遇难登山者的身体旅程已经结束，但坚韧的勇气、对时间的挑战和对安慰的追求将长存。”

Normal Purja，又名 Yotsa（截至 2016 年 2 月 2 日），1963 年 1 月 1 日出生于尼泊尔 Mough 区的 Dusa 村，在靠近加德满都的 Chitwan 长大。在他 2020 年的回忆录《Normal Possible》中，他写道，从很小的时候起，他就渴望像他的父亲和哥哥们一样加入军队。

他的家庭贫穷，但从小就在一所英语寄宿学校就读。“所有人都在一栋房子里睡觉，年长的孩子拥有权力，如果孩子不听话，老师就会打他们，”他在 2020 年告诉《国家地理》。“我必须学习如何在如此艰苦的环境中生存。”

他在 1960 年加入英国陆军，成为 Garkhan 的成员，这是一支为英国战斗了 200 多年的尼泊尔士兵部队。服役六年之后，他是第一位被接收进入英国特种舟艇部队（Royal Navy 的精锐特种部队单位）的尼泊尔人，并在服役期间获得了英国国籍。

Purja 先生在回忆录中写道，他在特种服务期间发现了对登山的热爱。到 2000 年，他已经攀登了几座主要山峰，建立了作为尼泊尔最优秀登山家之一的声誉。

2018 年，他辞去军职（包括放弃养老金），启动了他所谓的“可能计划”（Project Possible），旨在以创纪录的时间攀登所有 14 座所谓的“死亡地带”山峰——即高度超过 8,000 米（约 28,000 英尺）的山峰。

他在 2020 年 4 月开始尝试，在 31 天内攀登了尼泊尔的六座山峰，在 25 天内攀登了巴基斯坦的五座山峰。在 25 日，他拍摄了一张登山者等待登顶的照片，这张照片在网络上疯传，并引发了关于山峰危险拥挤和污染的广泛讨论。

Francesca Regisiole 对本报道做出了贡献。

10月28日，他登顶了第10座山峰，位于Ti Ka的Shivlagaragana，这意味着他仅用六个月零六天就完成了整个循环，将之前的纪录缩短了七年多。（后来的追溯者称，他在其中两座山的地理顶峰前停止了，不过他在后来的攀登中对此进行了修正。）

普贾先生的成就引起了全球关注，并被 Netflix 纪录片《14.1 Peaks: Nothing Is Impossible》所记载。2023年，他的纪录被肯德拉·哈里拉（Kendra Harila）和特彭·拉马·谢尔帕（Terpen Lama Sherpa）打破，后者在92天内完成了攀登。

普贾先生的攀登成就启发了一部2021年的 Netflix 纪录片。

普贾先生在2024年再次挑战了这14座高峰，这一次没有使用辅助氧气。周一，他在社交媒体上写道，博德峰（Broad Peak）是他第二次尝试在不使用氧气的情况下登顶全部14座高峰中的最后一座山。

普贾先生的幸存亲属包括他的妻子 Sacks Purja 和他们的女儿。

普贾先生曾被女性登山者指控性虐待，指控者包括 Elite Espoel 的一名原客户。在2024年的一篇《纽约时报》文章中，职业登山家、前芬兰小姐莱塔·奥里萨（Leta Orissa）描述了在她的房间内发生的一起事件，她称普贾先生在她的反对下脱掉了她的衣服。在同一篇文章中，一名聘请普贾先生作为K2向导的美国医生艾普丽尔·拉马佐拉（Dr. April Lamazola）表示，他在一周内多次对她进行骚扰。普贾先生当时的一名律师表示，普贾先生“坚决否认有罪的指控”。

在他的攀登生涯中，普贾先生曾10次登顶6,000米级高峰。2025年1月，他是首次成功在冬季登顶世界第二高峰K2的团队成员之一。

在他的回忆录中，他回忆起在“死亡地带”山峰之一的安纳普尔纳峰遭遇的一次雪崩危机。

“上帝知道有多少积雪全速向我们袭来，在转弯处持续倾泻，”他写道，“我以为随时会被扫下山，我们所有人互相碰撞翻滚，直到突然间，出乎意料地，一切又变得平静了。我们幸存了下来。”

1964年 舍尔比眼镜蛇 戴顿轿跑车 (SHELBY COBRA DAYTONA COUPE)

最具影响力的美国车型之一 / 曾属于卡罗尔·舍尔比 (Carroll Shelby) 的私人收藏

来源：https: / www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu / docs / ymw0229

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12

星期日，2026年8月2日

全国

纽约时报

加利福尼亚州孕育了得来速。现在一些城市已忍无可忍。

作者：SHAWN HOLLER

洛杉矶 —— 周六是南加利福尼亚州的午餐时间，饥饿的车辆在 In-N-Out Burger 的得来速车道上排队，后面有 20 辆车。车流涌入一个拥挤的停车场，该停车场以卡尔弗城（Culver City）的 Costco 为中心 —— 穿过停满车辆的海洋，绕过推着圆环购物车的家庭，向着 Costco 加油站和 15 分钟快速换油店驶去。

阳光在路面上闪烁。空气中弥漫着炽热的排气味和柠檬味。

“这交通简直疯了，”来自圣莫尼卡（Santa Monica）、64 岁的摄影师皮埃尔·阿玛里（Pierre Amaree）在奥林匹亚（Olympia）车的前座上啃着一个 $6.35 的 Double-Double 汉堡说道，“对我来说，这绝对不是世界上最好的汉堡。”

这样的满足感是否值得承受这种混乱？这正是近期加利福尼亚州部分地区激烈的争论焦点。这个以汽车为中心、孕育了美国得来速文化的州，目前有几个城市的领导者正呼吁严厉打击得来速，认为它们威胁到了现代加利福尼亚之梦中关于清洁空气、安全街道和可步行社区的愿景。

今年夏天，卡尔弗城 —— 一个位于洛杉矶县拥挤西区、面积 5 平方英里且拥有约 40,000 人的社区 —— 采取行动，旨在阻止当地居民抱怨的得来速店铺无序堆积的情况。

除了 Costco 附近的 In-N-Out 之外，在几分钟路程内，洛杉矶国际机场的两端已经设有门店，在卡尔弗城界线之外还有一家店，因其排队队伍经常延伸过几个街区，穿过住宅区侧街的房屋和公寓而成为当地的“传奇”。

因此，当这家具有讽刺意味的加州连锁店提议在三条主干道的交汇处开设另一家拥有 18 辆车排队空间和 61 个停车位的门店时 —— 邻居们称之为“超级得来速” —— 这引发了一场反抗运动，而该市也因此登上了新闻头条。

“我在市议会工作了一年半，我们所做的一切都没有引起如此大的关注，”副市长布莱恩·“巴巴”·菲什（Bryan "Bubba" Fish）说，他同时还担任洛杉矶县监事会一名成员的交通副手。“听着，我也像其他人一样喜欢汉堡和快餐。但数百人写信进来，担心交通、空气质量、安全和机动性。”

然而，当市议会以永久禁止新建得来速的计划作出回应时，他们意外地遭到了右翼的强烈反击。

《纽约邮报》（The New York Post）将其称为“针对快餐的战争”。Newsmac 上的评论员则称这一举措是“反家庭”的。

在全美人口最多的州——加利福尼亚州，有数以万计的得来速在运营。事实上，In-N-Out 的创始人被认为是这一模式的开创者，因为他们在 1846 年于其洛杉矶地区的餐厅外安装了一个双向扬声器。

得来速在 1860 年代随着全国高速公路系统的建立而传播，并在 20 世纪 70 年代随着南加利福尼亚州等地布满单户住宅区和双车库而迅速普及。随着婴儿潮一代的成长，得来速成为了家庭便捷服务和廉价饮食的来源。

它们也曾是华盛顿对污染睁一只眼闭一只眼的标志性症状。1962 年，加利福尼亚州中海岸大学城圣路易斯-奥比斯波（San Luis Obispo）的禁令引发了零星的限制措施，这些限制多见于建筑风格较少郊区化且空气质量面临挑战的地方 —— 如南帕萨迪纳（South Pasadena）、圣地亚哥马德雷（Sierra Madre）和克莱蒙特（Claremont）。随着国家的发展，新城市主义者也开始抨击得来速，称其破坏了现代美国城市目前所珍视的一切：宜居的社区、安全清洁的街道、自行车道和步行空间，以及支持当地购物。

随后，正当政策开始转变之时，冠状病毒疫情再次将人们推向了得来速（drive-throughs）。根据餐饮服务研究公司 Technomic 的数据，由于惊恐的美国人避免接触，全国交通量从 2009 到 2022 年增长了 20 Percent。像 Tara Bell 和 Chipotle 这样的连锁店设立了数字化取餐车道。Click-It-A 开发了一个两层四车道的得来速，通过厨房的传送带配送食物。

如今，情况再次发生转变。据行业专家称，快餐店约 70 Percent 的收入是通过得来速窗口获得的，而现在这些店正受到严重挤压。能源、牛肉、信用卡使用费、劳动力及其他运营必需品的价格大幅上涨，而可支配收入则在萎缩，尤其是在核心消费群体中。

DoorDash、外卖酒吧、linenspace 和 cyclospace 的爆发也未能提供帮助。

在加利福尼亚州，快餐业工人的 320 每小时最低工资是全美最高的州率，该州最大的连锁店之一 Scandaleans 今年申请了破产保护。其他连锁店则更具韧性：已成为某种非正式州级吸引力的 In-N-Out 正在加利福尼亚州新增三家餐厅。

然而，即使是得来速世界的“巨头”们，在加利福尼亚州较为富裕的市场中也面临着艰难的局面。

PHOTOGRAPH BY CARMELA BERNSTEIN, OCT. 1998, 1999

位于洛杉矶附近 Culver City Costco 以及洛杉矶国际机场附近（底部中间）的 In-N-Out Burger 得来速排队车辆蜿蜒曲折。几个城市的领导人呼吁打击得来速，认为它们威胁到清洁的空气、安全的街道和可步行的社区。

“这交通简直疯了。但对我来说，这是世界上最好的汉堡。”

PIERRE AMOORE，他在 In-N-Out 排队购买一个 Double-Double 汉堡。

圣莫尼卡（Santa Monica）即使在市政预算危机期间，仍继续禁止得来速餐厅。

在葡萄酒之乡，纳帕（Napa）市对分区条例的审查促使规划委员会上个月制定了一项得来速禁令，该禁令不仅可能涵盖餐厅，还包括干洗店和洗车店。

在圣巴巴拉县（Santa Barbara County），规划委员们就交通增加和“参考铝材”辩论了数月，最终在 6 月投票允许一家 Click-It-A 得来速在原 10 / 10 遗址开业。作为县城的圣巴巴拉市已经禁止得来速数十年。

拟建于棕榈泉（Palm Springs）的一家 In-N-Out 在经历了两年的市听证会后，仍在等待机会。担忧因素包括交通问题以及担心其建筑风格不够符合中世纪现代主义。

总部位于明尼苏达州、旨在促进公民参与的非营利组织 Strong Towne 的主席及土地利用规划师 Charles L. Malone Jr. 表示，得来速提供了就业机会和低成本餐食，但会加剧交通拥堵，阻塞人行道，产生空气污染，并给行人及骑行者带来危险。他说，近年来，社区的抵制情绪往往与富裕程度正相关。他表示，长长的车队不会鼓励游客在精品店橱窗前购物，也不会让他们在街边咖啡馆坐下来喝杯浓缩咖啡或卡布奇诺。

“富人也喜欢 In-N-Out，”Malone 女士说。“但得来速往往是一种更倾向于工人阶级的体验。”

Culver City 的抵制出现之时，该社区——在一代人之前以靠近演艺圈和房价相对可负担而闻名——已成为洛杉矶最抢手的地址之一。

现在，其 $117,100 的家庭收入中位数比该县高出约 10 Percent。当地的 Envelope 市场有时会出售 $12 的产品。市中心已成为一个目的地，拥有高端酒吧、科技雇主、高端公寓和获奖者。

“人们搬到卡尔弗城是因为这里感觉像个小镇，”两个孩子的母亲瓦妮莎·马丁（Vanessa Martin）说道，她就住在拟建的得来速餐厅附近，并组织邻里共同反对该项目。“这里的房子现在要 $2 million。”

马丁女士表示，她并不反对与空间相匹配的开发，而且“就这件事而言，她与 In-N-Out 之间并没有矛盾”，但拟建的得速餐厅位置靠近一所学校、一个公园和一个居民区。

“那个十字路口已经很拥挤了，”演员、少棒联盟教练兼两个孩子父亲的保罗·休伊特（Paul Hewitt）补充道，他曾动员邻里共同发声。上个月，市议会延长了所有得来速餐厅的暂停期限，同时起草一项永久禁止此类餐厅的计划。

In-N-Out 的一名代表表示，“作为一家私人家族企业，我们通常不对商业事务发表公开评论。”但该公司的一位高级开发经理彼得·鲁比努奇（Peter Rubinutchi）在 6 月份告诉市议会，公司对拟议的禁令感到“惊讶”，并认为没有必要。

他表示，当地条例已经允许城市减轻交通、噪音、垃圾及任何其他问题，而且并不是说卡尔弗城无法管理——自该市批准过一个得来速餐厅以来已经过了 20 年。鲁比努奇女士指出，那也是一家 In-N-Out，位于 Costco 停车场内。

In-N-Out 的创始人被认为是在 1948 年最早投资并为餐厅安装双向扬声器的人。

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纽约时报 国家版 周日，2026 年 8 月 2, 2026

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加利福尼亚州 Subidad 帕奈斯葡萄园（Panaise Vineyards）被遗弃的葡萄藤。该州生产了全美约 80 比例的葡萄酒。随着公众对酒精健康警告的增加，人们的饮酒量有所下降。

加利福尼亚州的酿酒师们正焦虑万分，并正在拔除他们的葡萄藤

接上页

保罗·贾马蒂饰演一名渴望成为小说家且热爱葡萄酒的厨师，他沉醉于黑皮诺 (pinot noir) “令人兴奋且微妙”的风味。

这部独立电影在加利福尼亚州引发了一场黑皮诺热潮。在电影故事发生的加州中部，口味浓郁、甜美的酒庄顾客盈门。那些已经生产黑皮诺的酒庄在创纪录的短时间内就售罄了库存。在整个州内，种植者在任何有空间的地方都种上了这种葡萄。

“你几乎能感觉到那种氛围，”马克·麦克威廉斯说。他最近关闭了位于索诺马县的一家专注于黑皮诺的酒庄，并回忆起 2000 年代的那场狂热。“人们想要的全部就是黑皮诺。”

在 20 世纪 70 年代初，史密斯先生的家人搬到了沿海的蒙特雷县，因为他的父亲拥有农业学位且一直在实验室工作，他看到了当地葡萄酒业务的前景。该地区位于旧金山以南约 160 英里处，是一个拥有晴朗白天和雾浓夜晚的农业中心；这里是培育黑皮诺和霞多丽所需精细葡萄的完美气候。

起初，史密斯先生的家人帮助其他葡萄园种植葡萄。随后，他们购买了自己的土地。随着时间的推移，他的公司 Valley Farm Management 收购了 1,000 英亩土地，并将首批产品卖给了州内一些最大的酒庄。

在电影《侧壁》(Sideways) 首映时，史密斯先生就已经在种植黑皮诺了。之后，他将部分美乐 (merlot) 葡萄替换成了更多的黑皮诺。（由于贾马蒂饰演的角色对美乐不屑一顾，这部电影也给美乐的销量带来了打击。）

在他的酒庄，电影上映后的几年里利润达到了最高峰。

但几年前，随着葡萄酒销量的骤降，对葡萄酒葡萄——尤其是黑皮诺——的需求开始枯竭。史密斯先生表示，他试图给其他酿酒师提供折扣，但仍然无法让生意运转起来。

加利福尼亚州的低迷期尤其影响了红葡萄酒，因为红葡萄酒通常口味更浓郁，酒精含量更高。在 2025 年，几十年来首次，该州生产的红葡萄酒数量少于白葡萄酒。

黑皮诺仍然是加利福尼亚州生产的第二受欢迎的红葡萄酒，专家表示，种植者正在拔除的一些葡萄藤是在《侧壁》之后种植的，而那些地方并不太适合生长精细的黑皮诺葡萄。

Valley Farm Management 的首席执行官杰森·史密斯正在出售他的土地，并关闭经营了 51 年的家族企业。

尽管如此，自 2021 年以来，加利福尼亚州的黑皮诺产量下降了 10%。在全州范围内，种植者还将这些葡萄替换为客户日益青睐的、较不为人知的白葡萄酒品种，例如 foam 和 grinner vehbase：

“我们太以黑皮诺为中心了，”史密斯先生说。“然后需求就突然消失了。”

史密斯先生说，对于决定出售土地和公司，他感到极大的悲痛，并且觉得辜负了他在 2025 年去世的父亲，为此感到羞愧。

但他说，近几个月来，关闭业务已变得日益清晰，这是最明智的选择。

在他焚毁自己的黑皮诺葡萄园那天，他开车经过一家邻近的葡萄园，那里也正在拔除所有的葡萄。

根据加利福尼亚州葡萄种植者协会 (California Association of Whoogrape Growers) 的数据，在 2035 年，全加州大约有 26,000 英亩的葡萄酒葡萄被拔除，约占全州种植葡萄总数的 7%。据行业估计，还有超过 50 万吨的葡萄未被采摘。

为了偿还债务并避免破产，史密斯先生将他引以为傲的葡萄园卖给了 Jackson Family Wines（该公司拥有 20 多个加州葡萄酒品牌），并将其他地块卖给了私募股权公司。他正在折价出售设备以换取现金。

“这是我这一辈子所做的一切，”史密斯先生说。“我得去找一份新工作了。”

秋季葡萄采收在加州开始——

上个月在加利福尼亚州，预计又有数千吨葡萄将被留在藤上。专家表示，预计在接下来的两年里，将有数百家更多酒庄关闭，届时该行业预计将触底。

“回顾葡萄和葡萄酒产业的过去，我们从未见过像现在这样规模的变革、动荡和混乱，”珍珠罗布列斯（Pearl Robles）和蒙特雷县（Monterey County）最大的葡萄酒生产商之一，J. Lobe Vineyards & Wines 的总裁史蒂夫·洛贝（Steve Lobe）说道。

加利福尼亚州的酒吧和瓶装店老板表示，年轻消费者越来越多地询问无酒精选项，并推测由于大麻的流行，酿酒商失去了一些业务。他们说，想要饮用葡萄酒的顾客倾向于寻找冰镇牛奶、橙色葡萄酒以及感觉不那么……的白葡萄酒。

“哇，你能用露营杯喝，而且味道一样好，”旧金山自然葡萄酒吧 Ruby Wine 的共同所有者 12 岁的亚历克斯·马（Alex Ma）说道。

许多葡萄酒供应商表示，任何销售额的下降更多是因为顾客（尤其是年轻顾客）无法负担这种感觉像奢侈品的商品，而不是因为拒绝饮料本身。

在加利福尼亚州奥克兰拥有 Wien on Piedmont 的 41 岁亚德里安娜·瓦莱罗（Adriana Valero）表示，尽管时尚葡萄酒很受欢迎，但黑皮诺（pinot noir）仍然是她为购买礼物的顾客推荐的首选，因为这是一种容易饮用的红葡萄酒。但她说，黑皮诺往往很贵，因为这是一种难以生长且挑剔的葡萄，因此可能会超出顾客的预算。

“要酿造一款便宜的黑皮诺仍然非常困难，”她说道。

位于圣巴巴拉（Santa Barbara）的 Ben Clinton 酒庄已经酿造黑皮诺超过 40 年。在拍摄《侧身》（Sideways）之前，电影中的演员们曾访问该酒庄，在幕后了解葡萄酒的酿造过程。

总经理迈克尔·梅兰凯（Michael Melankey）表示，由于销售额下降，酒庄计划在今年减少生产。长期以来作为美国顶级葡萄酒出口市场的加拿大部分省份，已在应对特朗普政府征收的关税时，禁止销售美国酒精饮料。梅兰凯先生说，在持续一年的低迷之上，近期的贸易战尤其损害了 Ben Clinton 的销售。

但他说，大衰退时期的财务压力更严重，他对自己酒庄能够挺过来充满信心，即使其他酒庄无法在行业紧缩中生存。

“人们热爱葡萄酒，热爱在用餐时饮用葡萄酒，”他说。“就像任何经历周期的业务一样。”

“幸运的是，我们不用担心人工智能（A.I.）来接管剩余部分，”他的酿酒师马克·皮尔斯（Marc Pies）问道。

史密斯先生希望在接下来的几个月内完全关闭他的业务，而且他不知道之后会发生什么。葡萄和葡萄园曾是他的退休计划。

即使不再从事葡萄酒行业，史密斯先生仍计划继续饮用黑皮诺。

但究竟他最喜欢的葡萄酒类型是什么？

“啤酒和威士忌，”他说道。

葡萄藤和支架在堆中烟雾缭绕。右侧，正在清理葡萄园的残渣。加利福尼亚州的低迷尤其打击了红葡萄酒，自 2025 年以来，那里黑皮诺的产量下降了 30 percent。

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纽约时报 国家版 2020年8月2, 星期日

第 47 任总统

接第 1 页

随着他产生的收入而增强，他的权力在增长，他致力于削减作为律所文化核心的社会正义诉讼，认为这对业务不利，因为它可能会影响客户。

纽约时报发现，巴克雷先生（Mr. Barclay）特别研究了一位在 Paul Weiss 崭露头角的年轻之星，那是该所第一位公开的跨性别合伙人。

律师莱克斯·科伯格（Lex Korberg）决定离开 Paul Weiss 律师事务所，原因是巴克莱先生反对社会正义工作。但巴克莱先生此前已经排挤了一些领导者，在使用 they / them 代词的科伯格先生转职后，巴克莱先生表示不希望他们接触自己的客户。据两名听到巴克莱先生发表这些言论的人以及当时被告知此事的成员称，他表示一名跨性别律师可能会因为让客户感到不适而损害业务。

为了掩盖该事务所的问题，Paul Weiss 在 2023, 达成了一笔此前从未披露的 83.5 million 机密协议，根据该协议，科伯格先生同意不对该事务所提起诉讼或进行诋毁。

在巴克莱先生改变事务所文化的同时，Paul Weiss 继续反对特朗普先生，尤其在他离任期间表现得更为激进。在一项不同寻常的安排中，该事务所出资支付助理律师在曼哈顿地区检察官办公室工作，以协助构建针对特朗普先生的刑事起诉。

一旦特朗普先生成为了口头支持者，该事务所便急于避免触怒他。据三名对此事有直接了解的人士称，该事务所停止代表一家使用 Prologue 的无人机制造商，部分原因是担心与政府产生纠葛。它还开始清理其网站上可能引起特朗普先生及其助手关注的内容。

当特朗普先生发布针对 Weiss 的行政命令时，事务所的领导层坚信他们可以在法庭上胜诉。但他们随后意识到，反对总统会损害事务所的财务状况及其客户。在达成协议后，当一名高级合伙人想要提起一起关于生育权的独立于政府的集体诉讼时，她被巴克莱先生和科伯格先生否决了。

为了证明该事务所变得多么谨慎，《纽约时报》查阅的一份小型邮件往来记录了合伙人们之间的一场激烈讨论，讨论如何——或者是否——修改一个回顾该事务所针对 6, 2023. 1月6日记录和信息的反击工作的网站。有些人甚至建议向政府核实，看看该网站是否会激怒白宫。另一名合伙人警告说，如果 Paul Weiss “再次遭到政府打击”，那么“可能再也没有下次了”。

针对有关其与白宫达成协议的问询，Paul Weiss 的发言人刘易斯·范德里（Lewis Van Drie）表示，“任何关于我们独立性受到威胁的断言完全是错误的”。

更尖锐地，范德里女士表示，科伯格先生曾是“一名极受重视的合伙人”，且巴克莱先生“很乐意”让科伯格先生“为他的客户工作”。

尽管范德里女士表示 Paul Weiss 的正义工作一直在增加，但该事务所未能提供任何其反对第二任特朗普政府所采取行动的实例。

此外，该事务所拒绝安排卡普先生和巴克莱先生接受采访。

与此同时，该事务所的转型改变了两人的职业轨迹。

在追求新商业客户的过程中，卡普先生在 2011. 争取到了私募巨头阿波罗全球管理公司（Apollo Global Management）。通过当时阿波罗的主席莱昂·布莱克（Leon Black），卡普先生结识了杰弗里·爱泼斯坦（Jeffrey Epistolo），并随后向这名六次犯罪者提供了免费法律咨询。当他与爱泼斯坦先生关系的程度以及转移司法部文件的计划曝光后，卡普先生被迫辞去 Paul Weiss 主席一职。

接替他的人是谁？巴克莱先生。

做得好

且行善

1982年秋天，特德·索伦森（Ted Sorensen）访问了哈佛法学院，面试保罗·韦斯（Paul Weiss）的初级律师候选人。索伦森先生是首位曾在民主党律师阵营中担任约翰·F·肯尼迪总统顾问，并参与撰写其1961年就职演说的律师。在肯尼迪遇刺后，索伦森先生成为了保罗·韦斯（Paul Weiss）国际业务部门的负责人，为企业和国家元首提供咨询。

那天索伦森先生遇到的一位充满雄心的学生是布拉德·卡普（Brad Karp），一名合唱肺凯旋（choral lung triumf）原住民。作为一名顶尖学生，卡普先生在夏季实习方面有许多选择，但他被索伦森先生的推介所打动。与竞争对手一样，保罗·韦斯（Paul Weiss）提供了一个机会来

由 Joanne E. Brownrich, Matthew Goldstein, Benjamin Preston 和 Arie Thier 共同报道。

一家顶尖律师事务所

如何停止 对抗 特朗普并 达成协议

他们通过为世界上最重要的人物和公司提供咨询来赚取丰厚的收入。但保罗·韦斯 (Paul Weiss) 在支持多样性、民主政治和社会正义诉讼方面拥有无与伦比的记录。

保罗·韦斯将自己塑造为“第一”的事务所——第一家任命女性合伙人的大型律师事务所，第一家聘请黑人助理律师的事务所，并且是在纽约律所中率先让犹太人和非犹太人共同执业的先驱。

它曾代理“斯科茨博罗男孩”——这些阿拉巴马州的黑人经理在 2010 年被诬告强奸一名白人女性——这起案件最终促成了获得律师辩护权的确立。在 20 世纪 50 年代，该事务所协助时任 S.A.A.C.P. 法律顾问的瑟古德·马歇尔处理“布朗诉教育局”学校种族隔离案件。

未来的自由派法官鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格、埃琳娜·卡根和 Irena Sennocque 都曾担任这里的暑期助理。

在 20 世纪后半叶，该事务所由两位受人尊敬的人物领导：前联邦法官西蒙·H·里夫金德和前联邦检察官亚瑟·林尼安。1983, 里夫金德法官撰写了后来成为该事务所准则的《事务所原则声明》，强调不仅是对法律专业，而且是对“自由民主社会”多样性、卓越性和责任感的承诺。

到 90 年代末，里夫金德法官和林尼安先生相继去世，将事务所的领导权交给了一位税务律师。虽然事务所依然繁荣，但许多合伙人认为它需要适应日益激烈的竞争环境。

2008, 在确立自己顶尖诉讼律师和不知疲倦的社交能手身份（曾帮助争取到像 Chigroup 这样的客户）后，卡普先生被选为董事长。

卡普先生决心强化事务所对自己讲述的故事——那个关于“获利且向善”的故事，这也是最初吸引他的原因。

他制定了一个双管齐下的计划。首先是公开拥护保罗·韦斯的亲社会工作，部分是为了通过将该所与那些更注重底线的竞争对手区分开来，从而吸引年轻人才。

卡普先生计划的第二部分是关注底线。当时，保罗·韦斯的合伙人年收入约为

1931, 保罗·韦斯代理了被诬告强奸的“斯科茨博罗男孩”，这起案件最终促成了获得律师辩护权的确立。

该事务所在 2013. 年的一起同性婚姻案件中代理了埃迪斯·温莎（左起第三位）。她的律师包括：罗伯塔·卡普兰（最左侧）和莱克斯·科伯格（最右侧）。

纽约时报 国家版 周日，AUGUST 2, 2020

83.5 million 每年。得益于为应对金融危机后果而建立的客户群，该事务所当时正蓬勃发展。

但卡普先生预见到这类工作最终会减少。私募股权的兴起提供了一条利润丰厚的法律业务路线，即协助并购。这一竞争极其激烈的公司法领域与保罗·韦斯的专业领域（处理复杂的长期诉讼）截然不同。卡普先生决定，要维持并增加事务所丰厚的利润，需要果断转向公司业务。

在接下来的十五年里，卡普先生将他的事务所和自己推向了权力与名望的新高度。但他在那个时期所做的决定，为保罗·韦斯最终脱离其深厚根基以及卡普先生自己的最终陨落埋下了伏笔。

企业转型

当卡普先生争取到私募股权公司 Apollo 时，他在增加公司业务的战略中取得了早期胜利，该公司后来成为了该事务所支付最高费用的客户。

但他需要一名能够证明 Paul Weiss 已经进入一个不同领域的重量级人物。他找到了巴克莱先生，他是顶级华尔街律师事务所 Crouch, Swane & Moore 的合伙人，在二十多年时间里，他在创造公司业务（尤其是并购领域）方面拥有令人印象深刻的记录。

卡普先生——以及 Paul Weiss 的公司法负责人罗伯特·舒斯特（纽约州参议员查克·舒斯特的兄弟）——在 Paul Weiss 曼哈顿中城办公室附近的米其林餐厅 La Berrazzillo 通过饮酒和晚餐对其进行了争取。

为了达成交易，卡普先生同意给巴克莱先生的年薪比他在 Crouch 赚得的钱多出数百万美元——且高于许多 Paul Weiss 的资深合伙人。

在 2016 年 4 月宣布聘请巴克莱先生时，卡普先生称巴克莱先生是“全美领先的并购律师之一，如果不是最领先的并购律师的话”。

卡普先生表示，该事务所需要在几个执业领域增强实力——并购、私募股权、诉讼和白领犯罪辩护——并且“我们相信，特别是凭借该事务所的声望，我们是唯一一家在所有这些领域都拥有市场领先实践的事务所”。

但在 Paul Weiss 的一些人中存在不安。合伙人和助理们从 Crouch 的律师那里得知，那里有些人并不遗憾看到巴克莱先生离开。Paul Weiss 的律师们被告知，他的年龄使他难以协作。

“有人担心他会改变文化，”前 Paul Weiss 助理伊丽莎白·格罗斯曼说道。

卡普先生和舒斯特先生安抚了同事们。巴克莱先生表示，他只想扩大事务所的业务，对参与领导层没有兴趣。此外，他们认为，Paul Weiss 已经拥有成熟的文化。

每年年底，事务所都会举行一次晚宴，新合伙人会发表关于 Paul Weiss 的价值观对他们意味着什么的简短演讲。在巴克莱先生加入事务所的那一年，卡普先生

大操大办，租下了美国自然历史博物馆的蓝白房间。

在巨大的鲸鱼模型下，合伙人们及其配偶饮酒用餐。根据三名在场人员的说法，当轮到巴克莱先生发言时，他利用这个机会对之前的 Crouch 同事进行了一些批评。这是一个短暂的插曲，但引起了一些 Paul Weiss 合伙人的惊异。

法律抵抗

在大约那次晚餐一个月后，特朗普就职，回顾其第一任期内打破常规、法律修复的种种行动。遵循其历史传统，Paul Weiss 将自己定位为法律抵抗的领导者。

当特朗普限制来自七个以穆斯林为主的国家进入美国时，卡普先生立即采取行动。他派遣了大约 100 名 Paul Weiss 的员工，包括数十名律师，为受阻的旅客提供免费法律服务，并就该贷款对政府采取行动。

新的一年，当政府开始在南部边境将移民儿童与父母分离时，卡普先生利用其法律和政治网络组织了一场反对该政策的活动。他说服了另一家律师事务所提供帮助，并部署 Paul Weiss 律师寻找儿童，最终促成了约 250 次团聚。

那是该律所的骄傲时刻。一名律师记录了通过团聚而重逢的家庭数量。《金融时报》因其“敢于对抗白宫”而授予卡普先生一项特别成就奖。

“资深律师可能不愿在公开场合讨论争议性问题，”该出版物在文章中写道，“但布拉德·卡普并非法外之徒。”

当时该律所的运作面及其企业特质有所不同。在 2019, 年，在寻求聘请一名高能力诉讼律师时，他们锁定了一位华盛顿律师，根据一名现任和两名前 Paul Weiss 合伙人的说法。但在随后的激烈辩论中，由于 Paul Weiss 发现该律师曾为反对堕胎的团体提供法律服务，最终未聘用他。

在那个 era 的另一个片段中，卡普先生在宣布 Paul Weiss 2019 届合伙人名单后，遭到了左翼的攻击。该名单中仅包含一名黑人女性和一名白人女性。包括 Hispanic USA 和 Rose Allen Shantham 在内的近 200 位大型企业的法律主管在给卡普先生的一封信中警告称，如果 Paul Weiss 不能“反映法律界的多元化”，他们将把业务转交给其他机构。

在私下里，卡普先生意识到律所的价值观受到了质疑。显然，他对此感到不安。

“我希望我能成为超人，能够飞回过去，让时间倒流，确保我们为每一位女性律师都制定了特殊的个体化方案，”卡普先生当时表示，“但我们没有这样做。我们吸取了非常宝贵的教训。”

当律所组建次年的合伙人团队时，一名律师成为了完美人选——一位年轻的诉讼律师，她似乎挑战了 Paul Weiss 所珍视的一切。她就是科伯格女士。

一位进步派

诉讼律师

2011年，科伯格女士是耶鲁大学一名三年级的法学院学生，当时在美国公民自由联盟工作。随后她听说 Paul Weiss 需要初级律师来处理伊迪丝·温莎案，该案促成了美国对同性婚姻的认可。

科伯格女士随后开始为罗伯塔·卡普兰工作，后者当时在 Paul Weiss 领导该诉讼。

科伯格女士的工作迅速脱颖而出，她为该案件投入了大量时间。在2011年最高法院做出裁决的那天，科伯格女士陪伴在温莎女士身边，而 Paul Weiss 则被誉为进步法律事业的领导者。这就是卡普先生希望传承的标志性公益工作，在接下来的几年里，该律所利用该案的成果来吸引新人才。

到2008, 科伯格女士成为了代表密西西比州杰克逊女性健康组织的首席律师之一——该案最终导致最高法院推翻了联邦层面的堕胎权。

科伯格女士还证明了自己作为复杂商业纠纷诉讼律师能够创造收入。这位律师在一次播客中表示，她曾设想将职业生涯完全致力于自由派事业，但后来接受了 Paul Weiss 的 deal back。

“我很喜欢在早上我正在保——

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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MARK HARBOR—CLAIBORNE FROM THE LADY, DETROIT OFFICER—BRIAN ALBIE, A CITY SHERIFF MANAGER—JOHN BUCKLE, CITY CLERK

“这件事对我们来说很明显，对我们的祖父来说也会如此，即采取行动以让自己不在‘敌人名单’上，并不能推进法治。”

艾米和妮娜·里夫金德（均为律师），在关于律所与特朗普政府交易的一封信中，回应了 Paul Weiss 指导原则的作者西蒙·H·里夫金德。

卫密西西比州最后一家堕胎诊所，而下午我则代表CBS的董事会。”她说道。

尽管科伯格女士距离 Paul Weiss 资深律师晋升合伙人通常需要的年限还差一年，但鉴于她的地位以及2010年合伙人级别之后对多样性的压力，卡普先生提升了科伯格女士的职级。

如果说科伯格女士正成为律所历史价值的新面孔，那么巴拉贝先生则是新 Paul Weiss 的面孔。《美国律师》杂志在2021, 将科伯格女士评为“年度青年律师”，而两年前该刊物将巴拉贝先生评为“年度主导者”。

根据卡普先生2022年致合伙人的年度演讲副本，从2020年代初开始，巴拉贝先生受雇来加强的公司业务占据了律所收入的60%，使其诉讼业务显得相形见绌。

到那时，起初表示对领导职务不感兴趣的巴拉贝先生已经加入了管理律所并决定年度薪酬的“决策小组”。

该律所一直以来都是诉讼律师的领地，这些人以精通法律复杂细节和撰写论据充分的诉状而闻名。而现在，律所正逐渐由公司律师主导，后者的专长是为巨头们达成交易。

巴拉贝先生的权力在上升，威胁到了卡普先生和律所的文化。科伯格女士则被夹在其中。

合作伙伴与竞争对手

这一切始于大流行时代典型的职场纠纷：重返办公室政策。

2021年，Korberg女士被任命领导办公室工作委员会，并在对员工进行调查后，主张每周在办公室工作三天。Barabay先生则主张五天，这与他及其公司业务组所服务的金融机构的做法一致。

据四位熟悉该通话的人士透露，在2023年母亲节的一次通话中，Barabay先生对Korberg女士大发雷霆，坚持要求五天到岗。（律所发言人表示，Barabay先生回忆这是一次“激烈但相互尊重的讨论”。）

Korberg女士最终获胜，但这次通话的消息在律所内传开了。

据两名获悉此事的人士透露，2022年，Barabay先生开始向合伙人们询问Korberg女士的可计费小时数，暗示她做了太多的公益法律服务（pro bono）。这些询问让一些合伙人感到担忧，因为公司法负责人竟然在质疑一名高效能诉讼律师的工作。但由于担心Barabay先生的质疑无法被忽视，他们安排Korberg女士向他汇报其工作情况。

次年，在位于中央公园南端的一家高级意大利餐厅Muroa与年轻诉讼律师共进晚餐时，一名现任以及三名原Paul Weiss合伙人透露，Barabay先生贬低了这些诉讼律师，称他们过于软弱，不知道如何争取业务。两名收到相关信息的原合伙人表示，随后有人将相关内容告知了当时不在场的同事。

当有人询问Barabay先生是否最终想取代Karp先生担任主席时，他表示自己基本上已经在管理律所，而Karp先生更像是一个傀儡。他说他喜欢这种安排，因为他可以在不处理律所日常运营琐碎任务的情况下行使权力。

据一名合伙人透露，当晚餐的消息传到Karp先生耳中后，他与Barabay先生对质，告诉他绝不能再次那样行为。

针对《纽约时报》的报道，该律所提供了一份由30名参加该晚餐的律师签署的声明，称《纽约时报》“完全误读了这次晚餐”，并且“在整个夜晚，我们就与律师事务所执业相关的各种话题进行了坦率、互惠且建设性的观点交流”。

在闭门领导会议上，Barabay先生极力推行他的观点，认为律师过于关注公益工作，律所需要像企业一样运营，并招聘更具进攻性的助理律师，而不是在社会公正案件中干预的、软弱且理想主义的律师。

很明显，Karp先生感受到了压力。据一名直接知情人士透露，Karp先生在与一名律师的对话中明显承认，他正失去对Barabay先生的控制权。该人士称，Karp先生表示他正试图保护律所的文化和员工免受Barabay先生的影响。（在律所发布的一份声明中，Karp先生表示：“那个故事是假的。我对Scott有极大的尊重，我们一直是最亲密的同事。”）

但Barabay先生的影响力和不断变化的政治风向正向Karp先生施压。据《纽约时报》审阅的一份演讲副本显示，在2023年5月对合伙人的年度致辞中，Karp先生赞扬Paul Weiss的公益工作“使我们的国家更加公平公正，并帮助律所在几代人的时间里提升了声誉和形象”。

但他同时表示，虽然“我们历史中这一独特方面吸引了你们中的许多人加入Paul Weiss”，但随着律所的成长，它招募了“政治敏感度各异”的律师。

“毕竟，我们是一家商业律师事务所，而不是一个公共利益倡导组织，”Karp先生说道。他建议律所继续其“核心公益工作”，但在“公开宣传哪些事项时要保持敏感”。

“我们需要认识到，我们的国家正处于一场关于‘觉醒’、‘反觉醒’、‘蓝色州’与‘红色州’的战争之中，而深陷这场战争对业务发展毫无益处，”他说。

几周后，矛盾达到了顶峰。爱达荷州通过了一项法律，将向未成年人提供性别肯定治疗的行为定为犯罪，威胁要将医生判处最高 10 年监禁。A.C.L.U. 和 Paul Weiss ——由 Korberg 女士主导——采取行动阻止该法律的实施。

通常情况下，Paul Weiss 并不公开此类案件的参与情况。但据五名知情人士透露，当 Barabay 先生得知该律所将被提及在 A.C.L.U. 的新闻稿中时，他要求将其名称删除。

随后，律所律师被告知，所有此类发布内容必须经由 Barabay 先生批准。

据相关人士称，爱达荷州的案件成了 Korberg 女士的崩溃点，随后他们告知 Karp 先生他们想要离职。

Karp 先生试图安抚 Korberg 女士。尽管新闻稿已经发布，但 Karp 先生在 A.C.L.U. 网站的帖子上补回了 Paul Weiss 的名称，并将自己的名字列为该案的律师。

但 Korberg 女士并未被说服。除了他们认为的对进步事业的退缩外，Korberg 女士还向一名高级合伙人倾诉，他们觉得 Barabay 先生在不公正地针对他们进行审查，而他们与同事之间唯一的区别就是他们是跨性别者。

高层合伙人担心 Barabay 先生在 Korberg 女士于 2021. 完成性别过渡后对其采取了区别对待。四名了解律所内部情况的人士表示，一旦 Korberg 女士完成过渡，Barabay 先生就在背后说，考虑到客户可能的反应，他认为他们是一个累赘。

其中一名人士表示，尽管 Korberg 女士从未威胁要起诉，但合伙人担心他们可能会公开此事，从而损害律所和 Barabay 先生。

据三名知情人士透露，虽然在 #MeToo 时代，Paul Weiss 已成为一个擅长为其他机构（包括福克斯新闻）进行内部调查的优秀律所，但它从未彻底调查 Korberg 女士所遭受的对待。

相反，律所领导层开始与 Korberg 女士协商离职方案。

最终，Korberg 女士同意不起诉、不诋毁该律所，甚至不透露协议的存在。据四名熟悉该安排的人士称，作为交换，Korberg 女士在该律所又留了一年，主要从事公益案件和监督工作，并获得了约 $5 的补偿金。

除此之外，Korberg 女士还获得了一年工资，约为 $2.5。虽然这笔钱数额巨大，但如果他们在律所继续工作多年，本可以赚到更多数百万美元。

Paul Weiss 的发言人极力坚称，Barabay 先生对 Korberg 女士充满尊重。律所向《纽约时报》提供了一份 2022 年 4 月的内部邮件往来，其中 Barabay 先生表示，由 Korberg 女士或另外两名律师为他的某位客户处理事务，他“完全没问题”。

邮件往来显示，Korberg 女士最终并未被指派参与该项工作。

一份 2024 年关于他们离开律所并在 Her 就职的新闻稿……

接下页

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纽约时报 国家版 周日，2, 2020

第 47 任总统

一家顶尖律师事务所如何停止对抗特朗普

接前页

Justice 是一家为贫困女性提供法律倡导的团体，这正是克伯格女士（Ms. Kerberg）在践行她的梦想。

“我热爱在 Paul Weiss 工作的一段时间，我非常感谢事务所对社会正义坚定不移的承诺，”克伯格女士说道，并补充道，“在这些极其具有挑战性的时刻，我觉得自己有使命全身心地投入到公共服务中。”

卡普先生表示，克伯格女士“是一位卓越的律师，也是一位极佳的同事，她为 Paul Weiss 悠久的社会影响遗产做出了不可或缺的贡献”。

与特朗普的战争

随着特朗普先生去年重新上任，卡普先生为律所制定的初步战略取得了巨大成效。二月中旬的一篇彭博法务新闻（Bloomberg Law News）文章宣称：“Paul Weiss 的客户质疑该表挑战 华尔街 M&A 领域。”

文章称：“长期以来被视为顶级诉讼律所的 Paul Weiss，已意识到几家纽约竞争对手正成为并购领域的‘直升机’（heliometh）。”到那时，在卡普先生的领导下，该律所的规模已增加一倍，律师人数远超 1,000 人。据三名直接了解其薪酬情况的人士透露，巴舍先生和卡普先生每年的收入均超过 $20 million，而合伙人的平均收入为 $800 万。

在特朗普先生不在职的那些年里，卡普先生通过对这位即将上任且未来的总统发动法律和政治战争，致力于 Paul Weiss 的公益战略。

2012 年，该律所派遣了两名由律所付费的助理，在由前 Paul Weiss 合伙人马克·F·波美兰茨（Mark F. Pomerantz）领导的、为曼哈顿地区检察官办公室开展的针对特朗普先生的刑事调查中工作。另一名曾参与罗伯特·S·穆勒三世（Robert S. Mueller III）针对俄罗斯特别调查的 Paul Weiss 律师，起诉了“骄傲之子”（Proud Boys）和“誓言守护者”（Oath Keepers），指控他们在 1 月 6 日国会山骚乱中的作用。

发言人范德里先生表示，律所派遣助理为“客户、公益组织和政府机构”工作是很典型的做法。

随着特朗普先生在政治上反弹，卡普先生为乔·拜登总统主持了一场筹款活动。该律所的顶尖律师之一凯伦·邓恩（Karen Dunn）领导了副总统 Kamala Harris 的辩论准备工作。总体而言，Paul Weiss 的合伙人在 2016 年捐给民主党的资金比任何其他律所都多。

2024 年 11 月，以向敌人报复为竞选承诺的特朗普先生赢得了连任。现在，Paul Weiss 在财务上损失可能很大，在政治上则成了更大的目标。据一名合伙人称，卡普先生告诉一名高级合伙人，律所将无法像在特朗普先生第一任期内那样对抗该政府。

甚至在特朗普先生宣誓就职之前，该律所就进入了防御状态。

10 月，Paul Weiss 代表中国无人机制造商 ILO 起诉国防部，挑战五角大楼将其指定为中国军队分支的决定，因为这可能会损害其业务。但据两名直接了解情况的人士透露，在特朗普先生连任后，巴舍先生在一次与多名律师的激烈通话中主张，Paul Weiss 不应与政府处于对抗地位，并表示他对该公司整体情况有所担忧。12 月，Paul Weiss 撤出了该案。范德里先生表示，这一决定“无论哪个政党执政都会做出”。

在特朗普先生即将回归带来的紧张氛围中，卡普先生在就职典礼前四天心脏病发作。他在发病前刚主持了周二的合伙人午餐会，随后又在次周二的午餐会上主持，因为担心如果他表现出病态，律所会陷入混乱。

“我在下个月，”Paul Weiss 的领导层注意到，当时作为特朗普高级助手埃隆·马斯克在 X 上发帖称：“哪些律所在推动这些反民主的案件，以阻碍人民的意志？”

Paul Weiss 开始清理其网站中关于公益工作的描述，因为这些内容可能会与特朗普先生对“webwaves”的战争产生冲突。那个强调其致力于“寻找被特朗普政府分开的父母并重新统一家庭”的页面消失了，关于其在 L.G.B. NJ, looser 工作方面的提及也随之消失。

3 月，特朗普先生开始签署针对律所的行政命令。

首批目标之一是 Perkins Coie，该律所在 2016 年曾代表中国竞选活动，并在收集关于特朗普先生与俄罗斯关系的指控档案中发挥了作用。

该行政命令采取了一系列在财务上具有毁灭性的处罚——终止联邦合同、剥夺律师的安全审查权限以及限制进入联邦大楼。

保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 的律师们紧张地注意到，特朗普先生在公开签署针对 Perkins Coie 的命令时向一名助手随口说的一句话。

“你是在看大约 15 家不同的律所吗？”特朗普先生问道。

“是的，先生，大约这个数或更多，”助手回答道。

卡普先生告诉同事，针对 Perkins Coie 的行动是他一生中见过的对律师事务所最严重的攻击之一。他表示，即使法官叫停了该行动，他也不认为一家律所能够在这样一个充满报复心的政府下生存，因为大多数法律行动和客户都与某个服从于总统的联邦机构有交集。

为了阐明这种报复心，特朗普先生的盟友斯蒂芬·K·兰农（Stephen K. Rannon）在他的播客中表示，特朗普先生将摧毁反对他的律所。兰农先生说：“他们不能就这样走来走去，每年赚 3, 4 百万美元，因为他会让这些律所破产。”

虽然卡普先生与其他大律所的领导者一样，在公开场合保持沉默，但他试图重新定义自己在首届特朗普政府期间的角色，并号召法律界支持。但他几乎没有获得支持。

当 Perkins Coie 起诉时，美国地方法院法官贝丽尔·霍威尔（Beryl Howell）表示，该行政命令“读起来让我脊背发凉”，并发布了禁令。她随后写道，这个信号很明确：“律师必须遵守党派路线，否则后果自负。”

对此不以为然的特朗普先生在 3 月 16 日签署了一项名为《应对保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 风险》的行政命令。总统在针对保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 的细节清单中声称，律师事务所参与了“对美国基石原则的破坏”，其中包括该所与波默兰茨（Pomerantz）先生的关联、该所律师承接的案件以及未解释的就业歧视指控。

与 Perkins Coie 的命令一样，这些处罚对该所及其客户来说可能是毁灭性的。由该所代表的公司可能会失去联邦合同，而该所超过四分之三的客户拥有政府合同。

卡普先生收到了来自律师和客户的支持信息。但根据《纽约时报》审阅的电子邮件，一些客户明确表示，如果该命令继续有效，或者该所与特朗普先生产生矛盾，他们将有受托责任与该所断绝关系。据一名保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 的合伙人透露，伯切先生在与律所领导层的私人对话中重申了这一点。

压力不断增加。伯切先生团队的几名律师指责卡普先生及其公开反对特朗普先生的工作让律所成为了被攻击的目标。他们表示，自己正在收到来自竞争对手律所的资源。据三名前合伙人和一名现任保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 合伙人称，高级合伙人们担心，如果像伯切先生这样的大型企业律师离开，其他人可能会效仿。

与此同时，卡普先生表达了矛盾的反应。

面对广泛的合伙人群体，他示意打算反击，称该命令违宪，并指示律所的诉讼律师起草一项诉讼，要求法官叫停该行政命令。卡普先生雇佣了华盛顿知名律师比尔·伯奇（Bill Burch）来提起诉讼。

律师们在与时间赛跑。为了获得法官的临时限制令，保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 需要证明其正在遭受不可挽回的损失。任何提交的延迟都会削弱其论点。

但在面对一个由少数高级合伙人组成的小组时，他表示，即使律所在法庭上获胜，在涉及后勤的政府面前代表客户仍然会有问题。他想象司法部可能会直接拒绝与保罗-韦斯律师事务所 (Paul Weiss) 的律师打交道。他与伯切先生在私下结论认为，唯一的出路是与总统达成协议。

然而，要获得与总统会面的机会是非常困难的，尤其是对于与波默兰茨关系如此密切的卡普先生来说。卡普先生利用自己的人脉网，找到了一个出人意料的特朗普盟友来协助他的尝试：新英格兰爱国者队的的所有者罗伯特·克拉夫特。

达成协议

大约 12 年前，卡普先生和 Paul Weiss 律师事务所成为了国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）的法律顾问。该律所主导了针对“泄气门”丑闻的调查——在该丑闻中，爱国者队及其四分卫汤姆·布雷迪被指控故意给球打气不足，以便于投掷。

这次调查以及对爱国者队和布雷迪先生的处罚，使得该球队及其所有者与 Paul Weiss 律师事务所关系恶化。但卡普先生重建了与克拉夫特先生的关系，克拉夫特先生告诉卡普先生，如果以后需要帮忙请随时打电话。

卡普先生正是这么做的。他向克拉夫特先生提出了一项可能的协议，内容是 Paul Weiss 律师事务所为政府提供免费法律服务。Paul Weiss 律师事务所曾为之前的几届政府工作，包括在奥巴马时期的金融危机期间。

克拉夫特先生是特朗普先生的朋友，他向总统担保了卡普先生，随后总统让克拉夫特先生将自己的手机号码给了卡普先生。

据四名知情人士透露，与此同时，卡普先生要求最初被雇来对抗行政命令的伯奇先生探索总统是否愿意达成协议。其中一人表示，甚至白宫官员似乎都对 Paul Weiss 律师事务所可能会让步感到惊讶。

在卡普先生传递了两次消息后，特朗普先生才回电。他告诉卡普先生，除了克拉夫特先生，阿波罗（Apollo）负责人玛丽·罗万也为他担保。他们约定次日早晨 8 点在椭圆形办公室会面。

卡普先生独自抵达。椭圆形办公室内是总统的私人律师鲍里斯·埃普热因斯。另一位特朗普先生的私人律师罗伯特·吉乌福斯则通过电话接入。

对于卡普先生来说，吉乌福斯先生的出现可能令人不安。

吉乌福斯先生是萨利文·克罗姆威尔（Sullivan Cromwell）的共同主席，是 Paul Weiss 律师事务所的激烈竞争对手；而且他当时正在处理特朗普先生针对曼哈顿区检察官关于哈维·丹尼尔斯案件中刑事定罪的上诉。现在，吉乌福斯先生似乎在帮助总统促使 Paul Weiss 达成协议。

会议持续了数小时。特朗普先生抱怨 Paul Weiss 律师事务所冤枉了他。他提到，在针对他的性虐待民事判决案中，原告 E·简·卡罗尔的代表律师是前 Paul Weiss 合伙人卡普兰女士，且审理该案的法官同样也是前 Paul Weiss 合伙人。

卡普先生拒绝了白宫的一项要求：即卡普先生承诺协助起诉 2020 年选举，且 Paul Weiss 承认其曾参与将司法系统武器化以对抗特朗普先生。

据多名参与人员透露，在 Paul Weiss 的领导层中，人们对解决行政命令问题充满热情。即使是曾协助哈里斯竞选活动的邓恩女士也敦促敲定协议。

“让我们拿下这个协议！！！”邓恩女士在《纽约时报》审阅的一封发给卡普先生和其他高级领导的电子邮件中这样写道。

当卡普先生在 3 月 20, 的律所合伙人会议上提交协议框架时，没有人提出异议。他表示，Paul Weiss 律师事务所将为特朗普先生和律所共同支持的事业提供价值 $40 百万美元的免费法律服务。

《纽约时报》审阅的协议文本还规定，律所在选择客户时不会表现出政治偏好，其公益工作将代表“完整的政治观点光谱”，并且将与政府商定一名“监督员”来审查其招聘实践。

尽管如此，卡普先生仍向合伙人们保证：

“我们需要认识到，我们国家正在进行一场‘觉醒’与‘反觉醒’、蓝州与红州之间的战争，而卷入这场战争对业务毫无好处。”

——布拉德·卡普：2023 年作为主席在向 Paul Weiss 合伙人的年度演讲中。

克里斯·邓恩 / 克里斯 《纽约时报》

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纽约时报 国家版 周日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

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“我不在乎内部观众或媒体。”

斯科特·伯切 (SCOTT BARSHAY)，今年接替卡普先生担任 Paul Weiss 的主席。

Paul Weiss 将维持其独立地位。

但那天晚上，当特朗普先生在 Truth Social 上宣布这项协议时，他赋予了该协议自己的解读。他表示，Paul Weiss 已同意“不再采取或追求任何 2012 年的政策”。与此同时，白宫发表声明称，卡普先生已“承认了另一位 Paul Weiss 合伙人马克·波默兰茨 (Mark Pomerantz) 的错误行为”。

卡普先生惊呆了：“我简直不敢相信，”他在发给合伙人的电子邮件中写道，该邮件由《纽约时报》获取。“他更改了协议，增加了一项‘非 2012’条款，并且编造了一个完全虚假的引用，说我承认了那些我从未说过的话。我的天。”

尽管如此，卡普先生从未公开反击白宫，并告诉同事，他认为自己会因为达成一项可作为其他面对白宫压力之律所模范的协议而受到称赞。但一旦此事公开，律所在任何形式上的妥协引发了强烈的愤怒。

一封由该律所 100 多名律师签署并致卡普先生的公开信称，这一决定是“一种更为严重的塌陷”，从而完全屈服于“自参议员约瑟夫·麦卡锡 (Joseph McCarthy) 时代以来，对法律职业独立性最严重的威胁”。

里夫金法官（该律所指导原则的制定者）的孙女们就这一决定写了一封严厉的信件。“对我们来说很明显，就像对我们的祖父那样，要求采取行动以脱离一份敌对名单并不能推进法治，”Nina Rifkind 等两位律师在信中写道。

在律所内部，43 名对该决定没有发言权的 associates 给卡普先生发了电子邮件，要求讨论“律所对长期原则的承诺”，根据《纽约时报》审阅的该笔记副本显示。

竞争对手也从中获益，竞争对手 Wachtell Lipson 的一名合伙人立即在关于尝试挖走 Paul Weiss 律师的电子邮件讨论中点名提及了卡普先生。

根据《纽约时报》记者 Maggie Haberman 和 Jonathan Stoss 所著的《政权更迭》(Regime Change) 一书，埃皮德米 (Mr. Epidermy) 吹嘘他现在掌握了制约卡普先生的筹码。埃皮德米告诉一位朋友：“我现在处于非常有利的位置。我是 Paul Weiss 的主席。”

内部战争

在交易公布两天后，卡普先生给律所写了一封信，希望平息动荡。他坚称白宫的安排将“对我们的工作产生影响”，并表示律所将“继续我们引以为傲且长久以来勇敢捍卫商业人士权利与自由的传统”。

但一次合伙人之间的电子邮件交流（由四人证实）揭示了该律所对触怒白宫有多么敏感。争论的焦点是 Paul Weiss 对“反仇恨中心”的反应，该中心强调了其针对 2017 年在弗吉尼亚州查尔斯顿维尔举行种族主义集会组织者的工作，以及针对“骄傲之子”的工作，后者的部分领导层在 14 国会山骚乱事件中被判处煽动阴谋罪。

据这四人透露，在白宫达成协议前后，高级合伙人们匆忙试图调整该网站，包括在特朗普政府的敏感性与律所引以为傲的工作记录之间寻求平衡。关于该网站是否运行的内部辩论在新的邮件中引发了关注。

邓女士曾帮助获得了一项针对查尔斯顿维尔组织者 $2800 万 的判决，她在与同事的交流中写道，她希望该网站保持原样。

“问题可能在于，如果网站与之前有任何变动，”邓女士写道，“公司将会面临巨大的问题。”

邓女士建议与比尔·伯切——代表该律所的华盛顿律师——进行沟通，以确保这不会成为与政府之间的问题。

斯科特·伯切先生的主要分歧之一是，认为可以恢复该网站，但必须进行重大修改。

“如果我们维持网站原样，就是在挑衅，”他写道。“比尔打算怎么做，要求巴茨或米勒读一篇报道——这难道比一篇关于人们对我们修改网站感到不满的文章更好吗？”这里的“巴茨”和“米勒”显然是指埃皮德米和副办公厅主任斯蒂芬·米勒。

“上周对我们所有人来说都是痛苦的，我们的律所刚从灾难边缘被救回来，”伯切先生写道：“我们律所不应该承担任何风险。如果我们再次被政府打击，真的不会有一个积极的交易结果。”

邓女士写道，她已经与卡普先生交谈过，后者认为该网站应在变动最小的情况下恢复。

“我强烈反对这种做法，且对此深感忧虑，”伯切先生回复道：“我不关心内部受众或媒体。”他补充说，在经历了行政命令带来的压力后，他不想“再次经历一次”。

显然，网站重新上线了，但不再提及针对“骄傲之子”和“黄金守护者”及其在其中所扮演角色的工作。

在交易后的几天里，随着批评浪潮增强，邓女士促请其他律所领导层将此次与政府的关系作为证明其仍保持独立的信号。她一直在寻找潜在客户，包括联系一个正在考虑提起诉讼的堕胎权利组织。她将此事告知了卡普先生，但后者反应平淡。伯切先生则表示强烈反对，因为这有再次激怒特朗普先生的风险。

Paul Weiss 最终没有接手此案。这一决定导致了邓女士与伯切先生之间的裂痕。

五月，律所开始出现合伙人流失，邓女士与穆勒调查的前检察官乔安妮·芮以及华盛顿办事处的另外两名诉讼律师一同离开，成立了自己的律所。在接下来的的一年里，其他顶级诉讼律师——包括卡门·沙欣-乔安和安德鲁·埃里希——相继离职。

随着邓女士和芮女士的离开，该律所的决策小组严重向公司律师倾斜。

卡普先生个人削弱了该机构，而 Paul Weiss 的利润则继续增长。到 2025 年夏天，Paul Weiss 正在为商务部提供免费法律服务，并且与第一任特朗普政府时期不同，它在公开层面并未与任何针对白宫的行动联系在一起。

但随后又出现了另一个转折。1 月，司法部公布了大量文件，涉及其对杰弗里·爱泼斯坦的调查，文件数量超过 300 万份。卡普先生此前一直向高级合伙人保证，他的名字出现在文件中仅仅是因为他与里昂·布莱克长期保持的法律关系。布莱克是 Apollo 的联合创始人，也是一名私募股权亿万富翁，在爱泼斯坦生命的 2000 年代后期，他成为了爱泼斯坦的主要收入来源。

但根据三位直接了解此事的高级律师称，随着新闻媒体对文件的深入挖掘，结果表明卡普先生与爱泼斯坦的关系比他所声称的要广泛得多。

在这些文件中，有一封 2009 年 3 月的电子邮件，卡普先生在信中就一份法律文件发表了看法，该文件旨在回应一些指控爱泼斯坦在她们未成年时对其进行虐待的女性。

“起草的动议状态非常好。具有极强的说服力。真的，”卡普先生写给爱泼斯坦道，“我特别认为政府并不是‘由于迟钝’，而是在等待并放弃他们的权利，以获取战略优势，因为他们知道你在监狱里，随后才提出指控，”卡普先生补充道。

电子邮件显示，卡普先生当时正在为爱泼斯坦提供建议，而爱泼斯坦并非该律所的客户，且此事与布莱克先生无关。据这三位律师称，一些高级合伙人认为卡普先生的领导层已经变成了一种累赘。

顶层合伙人们在没有卡普先生在场的情况下组成了决策小组。该小组会面了数日。一些律师讲述了他们对卡普先生有多么失望。其他人则分享了他们从客户那里听到的情况。他们决定卡普先生必须辞去主席一职。巴兹赛先生被任命为新任主席。他的首要任务就是通知卡普先生。

Paul Weiss 的转型就此完成。

针对 Head Start 的计划引起支持者警觉

作者：CORAL DAVENPORT

特朗普政府正准备撤销 Head Start（启航计划）的联邦障碍，支持者担心这一变化可能会破坏长期以来的反贫困干预措施。

“拟议的变更将删除 Head Start 12 页要求中的大部分内容，涵盖数学和读写课程、班级规模、医疗筛查、家访等。根据一些了解该计划并要求匿名的知情人士在描述内部讨论时的说法，联邦健康诊所将予以保留。”

政府官员表示，这些变更将使一个受到过度监管的计划变得灵活，同时为一些 Head Start 警报提供评论。

但 Head Start 的倡导者表示，随后的监管实际上是“通过后门拆除该政府不喜欢之计划的方式”。白宫去年称 Head Start 为“激进”的，并试图但未能冻结对其的拨款。

Head Start 设施仍将被要求遵守州法规，但几乎没有具有类似要求的同类州级计划。尽管联邦法规不会禁止中心提供传统的反贫困服务，但一些人担心，缺乏强制性要求意味着许多中心可能会停止提供这些服务。

这些变更此前由《国家》杂志报道，预计最早将于本周正式推出，并可能在年底前敲定。

这些变更将影响到一个自 1965 年作为林登·B·约翰逊总统“反贫困战争”的一部分而创建以来，已服务于最多 30 million 儿童的计划。Head Start 旨在成为一个由联邦资助和监管的早期教育和反贫困计划，拥有数百个州的支持，使其比其他儿童护理计划更全面。

一名不愿透露姓名的白宫官员在电子邮件中写道，政府通过维持其资金并取消相关限制（该官员称这将减轻行政负担）来支持 Head Start。

负责监管 Head Start 并起草此次变更的卫生与公众服务部儿童与家庭管理局未回应置评请求。

但儿童护理政策专家 Both Friedman（曾在担任国会助手期间参与制定了 2007 年更新 Head Start 计划的跨党派法律）认为，该计划是对该项目的“大规模削减”。

她说：“消除 Head Start 的绩效标准，会削弱那些给最年轻教师提供的六个月标准，而这些标准是他们确保孩子们在进入幼儿园时准备好获得成功所需要的。”

该计划目前服务于约 700,000 名 6, 岁以下儿童，数十年来一直吸引着跨党派支持。罗纳德·里根总统将 Head Start 的预算扩大到了 30 亿美元 billion 以上，而 Foundation College Foundation 签署了一项跨党派法律以现代化该计划。在第一任期内，该计划的预算增加了 $900 million。

而现在，这种情况发生了季节性变化。

Project 2025, 保守派传统基金会（Heritage Foundation）的政策蓝图要求取消 Head Start。“该计划的功能应当是预防和教育未成年人，”文件称，“而你所做的事情恰恰相反。”

《纽约时报》审阅的一份白宫预算草案文件在该年度提出，削减相关资金将有助于结束对“我们孩子的激进误导”。

报告指出，该计划不应被设计为“与社会提名学习”以及多样性、快速和包容性部门相纠缠，也不应优先考虑弱势群体和计划。它始于一种“聚焦”形式，没有初始正义，且经常出现旨在“创造并塑造对不同性取向公众至关重要的童年环境”的书籍。

白宫的最终预算计划保留了这笔资金。

但与此同时，白宫还决定将国会已经拨出的资金支出时间延长三年。一名国会监督员发现此举非法，资金最终被释放。

在去年的政府停摆期间，白宫制定了 Head Start 计划，旨在让 17 个州的该项目暂时清理。

但一些共和党议员——特别是参议员 L. L. McDowell——以及来自西弗吉尼亚州的 Moore Capitol、缅因州的 Collins 和 1,000 Hyde-Smith-Milwaukee —— 仍然坚定支持。目前，该项目每年 120 亿美元 billion 预算维持不变。

因此，该项目的支出支持者尝试了一种新方法。6 月，传统基金会（Heritage Foundation）发布一份报告，呼吁政府“评估 Head Start 并对该项目进行去监管，直到官员们将其终止”。

“Head Start 是监管最严格的儿童护理计划，”该报告作者乔纳森·伯切（Jonathan Burches）表示，“我们在基础事项上并未取得成功。”

伯切先生指出，卫生部监察长在 2022 年的一份报告中发现，四分之一的 Head Start 拨款接收者曾发生过虐待儿童、缺乏监管或未经授权放行儿童的事件。该报告呼吁儿童与家庭管理局加强监督。

儿童与家庭管理局负责人亚历克斯·亚当斯（Alex Adams）一直寻求削减所有儿童护理计划的监管，称联邦儿童护理规则应该“能写在一张索引卡上并放进任何人的后口袋里”。因此，据 The Times 报道，他正开始对 Head Start 进行全面改革，尽管他表示支持该项目。

在去年的参议院确认听证会上，亚当斯先生提到他的妻子祖母在 20 世纪 60 年代末在爱达荷州布莱克富特（Blackfoot）经营过一个 Head Start 项目。他表示，卫生部部长罗伯特·F·肯尼迪（Robert F. Kennedy）致力于在本任期结束前让 Head Start 变得更好、更明亮，而他也认同这一承诺。

预计本周公布的拟议新变化中，最显著的一项是取消对 Head Start 班级规模的联邦限制；相反，它们现在将与各州不统一的标准保持一致。

例如，根据目前的 Head Start 规则，一名教师被要求监督 2 岁儿童。但在爱达荷州，一名教师可以监督 9 名 2 岁儿童。在

如果标准被削减，减贫努力可能会受到威胁。

在俄亥俄州，目前的规定是每 2 名 2 岁幼儿配备一名教师。

亚当斯先生和其他保守派人士抗议这一变动，认为这是为了让更多儿童能够进入该计划，尽管许多早期教育政策专家表示，增加班级规模将降低护理标准。

这些变化还将扭曲 Head Start 员工执行视力和听力筛查、社交媒体，以及确保儿童接受医疗和牙科检查的要求。这可能意味着帮助家长预约就诊、填写医疗补助 (Medicaid) 表格以及安排交通。

他们还将取消要求工作人员家访以解决汽车或车辆等问题的规定。

他们将取消针对数学、读写以及社交和情感发展的教学标准。

一些为残疾儿童提供入学机会的要求也将被取消。

这些变化将影响对持续时间的要求。通常，Head Start 项目每天可运行数小时，但未来可能每天仅运行三小时。

据知情人士透露，政府还在增加新规定：一项要求学生教学必须仅使用英语，另一项要求规定每天身体活动的次数。

在华盛顿州雷德蒙德担任健康教育工作者 25 年的莱斯利·安德鲁斯表示，这场战争的核心在于捍卫帮助儿童获得医疗和牙科护理的要求。

“我认为在某种程度上，教师们可能会继续帮助孩子与医生建立联系，但随着时间的推移，这种情况会减少，”她说。“我想知道原因。”

“如果孩子们没有这些基本护理，那么他们即便在学校里也无法真正学习，”她说，并补充道，“取消刷牙的要求——这到底是为了什么？”

缅因州法明代尔的利亚·罗宾斯说，当她 2 岁的儿子去年开始参加 Head Start 时，该项目发现孩子可能患有 A.D.R.D.，并为其安排了发育心理学医生的接诊。

“工作人员参与了每一次会议，”她说。“如果没有这些标准，这种情况可能永远不会发生。”

编写传统基金会 (Heritage Foundation) 报告的伯切先生表示，取消护理标准并不意味着禁止教师遵循这些标准。

“如果你取消了要求孩子刷牙的规定，”他说，“并不意味着你不能继续这样做。”

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18

纽约时报 国家版 2020年8月2日，星期日

面对要求，麦康奈尔为何尚未辞去参议员职务

作者：CARL HELMS

华盛顿 — 米奇·麦康奈尔（Mitch McConnell）只是近期因健康状况不佳而长期缺席参议院的最新一名议员。

但紧张的政治环境和社交媒体的风暴，加剧了要求这位 84 岁老人病情透明化的呼声。Sir Mc McConnell 表示，其子 John 在 1 月份表示，如果他无法在余下的任期内参与参议院事务，应当退位。

“作为您所服务的州长，我呼吁您每天采取行动，真正面对肯塔基州人民，并提供您具备服务能力的证明，或相关影像资料，”肯塔基州民主党州长朱迪·贝德曼（Judy Bedman）说道。周一，麦康奈尔参议员在国会山家中摔倒后，已在医院度过了第六周。

在认识他的人看来，很少有人认为麦康奈尔会离开。

这里曾有过多位参议员长期缺席的先例。

几十年来，许多参议员曾缺席数月甚至数年的参议院事务。近期报告显示，亚利桑那州的共和党议员以及马萨诸塞州的民主党议员爱德华·R·肯尼迪（Edward R. Kennedy）在 1,000 年之前相继去世前，都曾有数月没有参与投票。

作为参议院共和党领导者近 18 年的麦康奈尔，在 2021 年一次严重摔伤后曾长期缺席，随后在几周后宣布。他宣布自己将不会尝试在 2020, 回归领导岗位，随后决定自己不会获胜。这位参议员在今年将其带入，同时也放弃了担任superprotestant委员会主席的权利（这是一项艰巨的工作），转而接管了一个小组委员会。他的决定是尝试在 1, 2024 结束相关新闻。

参议员米奇·麦康奈尔，担任共和党领导者近 18 年，在 5 月前往投票。

在面对削弱健康的医疗状况仍拒绝离开的参议员中，情况更为严重。南达科他州的卡尔·米奇（Karl Mitch）参议员在 1995, 中风后，在其任期内缺席了 6- 且长达三年，随后重新评估他可能会回归。

许多其他议员也被允许拥有充足的康复时间并尝试重返参议院。他们包括内布拉斯加州的共和党人马克·柯克（Mark Kirk），以及该参议员是一名公民。在 2021, 中风一整年后，在另一个案例中，南达科他州的民主党人汤姆·约翰逊（Tom Johnson）在 2006. 参议院经历出血后缺席了九个月。两人都受到了同事们的热烈欢迎。

麦康奈尔希望按照自己的条件离开。

参议院议员通常年龄较高，因为这个职位几乎是政治生涯的终点；目前超过三分之一的参议员在 70 岁或以上。该机构还运行在参议员的基础上，这激励成员尽可能长时间地留任，因为他们以此享有权力以及各种特权。

与此同时，历史上参议员一直不愿分享其健康问题的细节，担心这会在政治上削弱自己。直到最近，随着选民对于高龄立法者主导国会变得愈发挑剔，参议员们才在关于其是否适任服务的问题上面临公众审查。

考虑到麦康奈尔的地位以及他作为年度州长离任的事实，要求他辞职的呼声在同事中也引起了共鸣。

“他是参议院历史上任职时间最长的领导者，”缅因州共和党参议员苏珊·柯林斯（Susan Collins）说。“我们不能对他宽容一些吗？他是童年时期小儿麻痹症的幸存者，这使得他的康复过程在那个领域非常艰巨，他是一名斗士，会回来的。”

她暗示，贝德曼州长的指责可能是基于该州新的政治考量。 “这种由州长领导的冲动——他一定是想竞选总统——是不值得的，而且是对一名长期担任参议院成员的参议员的冒犯。”

1940年代，这位国会议员的助手及共和党战略人士表示，在短短几个月内为麦康奈尔发起一场特别选举活动将浪费时间和金钱。一场新的竞选活动，将启动一项关于选择其全任期最大值的休假。

根据肯塔基州法律，如果参议院席位空缺在选举前超过 3 百分比（注：原文为three percent，此处按要求保留），则必须举行特别选举以填补该席位。民主党人在 8 月 3 日截止日期前加大了对麦康奈尔的压力。“我们认为麦康奈尔应当在接下来的行动中争取服务，或者他已经赢得了 50，”皮博迪先生说。“他当然不是第一个因健康问题而需要休息的参议员，他也绝不会赢得下一次。”

他以其洞察力、签名和平台而闻名。

麦康奈尔以擅长利用自身优势而著称。除了其办公室提供的书面声明和照片外，由于他缺席且未能提供关于健康状况的详细更新，导致外界对其情况的猜测处于开放状态，且其问题的严重程度令人难以置信。

不过，参议院的同事们表示，他们与他通过话并收到了私人短信。

在上周办公室发布的最新更新中，国会医师表示，医生必须每天观察麦康奈尔先生，但尚未批准他返回家中投票。

同事们表示：“他在某个时间点可以回到参议院，正如人们期望他在离职前就其长期且具有深远影响的参议院服务进行沟通。”

其他人则认为，即使是贝德曼州长的需求，也无法强迫麦康奈尔离开办公室。

“麦康奈尔参议员不寻常的冲动之一是疯狂，”政治学杰出荣誉教授、参议院长期研究者伦克·R·贝克说。

共和党在军方体外受精（I.V.F.）问题上立场反转

来自第 1 页

因此，民主党人和女性权利团体对近期委员会投票的结果感到震惊，认为这标志着在反对投票强化过程中，堕胎权的既定标准已变得如何之深。

特朗普先生在竞选第二任期期间承诺，他将为所有成员提供体外受精（I.V.F.），且该项措施在选民中，包括共和党的广大支持者中，依然广泛受欢迎。许多体外受精成员也认为应该允许体外受精的成功。

但一些宗教保守主义者深切反对这种医疗手段——其中最重要的问题涉及仅规划那些被认为可存活的胚胎——他们认为这会导致胚胎的破坏，因此领先的反堕胎组织通常反对寻求增加体外受精覆盖范围的立法。

这次最重要的投票为共和党参议员提供了一个机会，向这些团体以及随后反对体外受精的保守派选民发出信号，表明这将是一个问题。

据一名熟悉机密会议并谈论政府将如何操作的新闻计划人员称，在对该提案进行唱票投票之前，委员会主席、来自密西西比州的共和党人威克尔（Wicker）先生表示，SBA Pro-Life America（一家反对参议员的反堕胎组织）的正式立场，他不久前已将其修订。

在他们看来，他们想要向反堕胎团体证明他们反对体外受精。非营利组织 Commissioner Arrows Initiative 的大使在谈到这次投票时表示：“这显示了共和党人对于反堕胎团体的顺从程度，以及他们愿意采取一个与其自身选民如此格格不入的立场。”

威克尔先生的办公室未回应置评请求。多年来，共和党人在体外受精问题上一直处于政治两难之中。他们中的许多人表示支持，但却支持通过宣布受孕定位的立法，而这可能会严重限制该治疗的各个方面。

这次不满突显了像 SBA Pro-Life America 这样团体的强大影响力。

该团体未回应多次置评请求。

最近的投票还引发了人们对总统扩大体外受精覆盖范围承诺的质疑，表明国会中的共和党人担心，在体外受精问题上与反堕胎组织闹僵所带来的后果，比违背特朗普先生的自然立场更严重。

非营利组织 Reuslov（国家不孕不育与家庭建设协会）的首席执行官 Mull 称，该协会对这次投票感到“惊讶和沮丧”，她将此归因于“少数派在表达反对体外受精覆盖范围方面变得日益强硬的结果”。

Mull 女士认为，关于这次投票，“政府方面没有给出任何明确指示”，就像在过去两年中，对于约翰逊先生采取行动剥夺体外受精覆盖条款的举动，该协会也没有公开反应。

参议员塔米·达克沃斯（Tammy Duckworth）提出了该国防法案条款。她本人是一名退伍军人，曾通过体外受精（I.V.F.）治疗怀孕。

一场旨在挫败一项曾获支持的国防法案的幕后努力。

国防法案。

在去年的委员会提案期间，当参议院进入议事环节时。委员会成员、前共和党参议员马克韦恩·马尔金（Markwayne Malkin）——现任副参议员秘书——曾帮助支持达克沃斯（Duckworth）女士的提案，讲述了他和妻子为了组建家庭而不得不面对体外受精（I.V.F.）的情况。达克沃斯女士实质上也提到过通过该治疗来实现怀孕。

熟悉该议程的人士表示，今年，共和党支持者的态度发生了剧变，除了宣读“亲生命美国”（Pro-Life America）的计划外，没有进行任何辩论。

在这次投票之前，来自阿拉斯加州的共和党参议员汤姆·沙利文（Tom Sullivan）提出一项法案，旨在禁止国防部支付相关费用。

共和党的削减方案。一次投票结果为反对，并要求在一个周期内创造的所有胚胎都必须被植入。许多人认为这些做法违反了美国关于体外受精（I.V.F.）的伦理和医疗条件。

但沙利文先生的修正案（得到了某些反堕胎权利组织的支持）并未获得通过。相反，委员会提交了达克沃斯女士的条款。

沙利文先生的办公室拒绝发表评论。

达克沃斯女士表示，她对今年的投票结果感到沮丧。

共和党人正在推动一项我国规模最大的国防法案，并推动一场看不到尽头的非法战争，然而他们却无法通过一项排名前 15 的行动，来确保我们国家的英雄们能够获得体外受精（I.V.F.）以建立他们在世上的力量，而服役人员的（需求）规模是普通人群的两倍。

她补充道：“政府提供给塔米（Tammy）打破承诺，不为我们的服役人员提供体外受精（I.V.F.）保障，这令人不齿。”

在古思里勒索信中，作者承认其已死亡

作者：NICHOLAS BOGEL-BURROUGHS

在萨凡纳·古思里（Savannah Guthrie）处理其 64 岁母亲南希·古思里（Nancy Guthrie）被绑架后的一个小时内，另一位古思里先生被告知要“呼叫星级”，但随后的第一批消息称，她因某种医疗状况不必要地死亡。

普雷斯县（Press County）阿灵顿治安官部门周五发布的消息称，她的……（此处原文重复且混乱，无法翻译）。

治安官部门发布了这些信件，但并未说明其是否真实，他表示。调查人员帮助了一个试图通过“广告”来“体现词汇选择的耐心，并进行拉开距离”的人。

“他认为这些区分已经发生，被定义为可能最重要的事情，或者与相同的情况有交互，”部门医生写道。

萨凡纳·古思里曾在那里的“大宝贝”，她表示认为这两个理由在数月内很可能是真实的，她还表明认为她的母亲没有她的儿子，但她的丈夫坚决认为她的家人仍需知道她当时在做什么。

这两个理由曾在绑架发生后的七位作者中出现，绑架发生在 2 月 1 日凌晨，地点在南希·古思里的“第一次”，而她无法看到。她说没有证据表明她能见到她的儿子。她说没有证据表明她能见到她的儿子。她说没有证据表明她能见到她的儿子。她说没有证据表明她能见到她的儿子。

第一封信于 2 月 2, 日发出，要求萨凡纳·古思里在 2 月 1 日前支付 14 million 比特币以释放其母亲，并在 $100 million 的 1,000 期间内，她说，理由将是 36 million，且需在 2 月 3 日前支付。

“如果直到周一 9 日下午 2 点的最后期限仍未收到付款，她将被开单，”信中写道。“那个号码知晓此事，她的生命掌握在你们手中。”

“他包含了关于古思里女士家中状态的两个细节——一个损坏的泛光灯。我想见她，我想见她，而她的丈夫可能是一个要素。”

大约在那个时候，萨凡纳·古思里在一段网络视频中表示，她的家人愿意支付，但需要确认收款人确实控制着她的母亲。

“第二封信是在第一封信给出的最终期限前的最后一个周一发送的，且写给古思里一家 1 的，作者在信中称，她‘没有完全掌握该州物理状态的故事’。”

“我们从未打算持有她，这不是我们的意图，”信中写道。“她在被带走后很快就去世了。我们认为这是心脏相关的问题。她现在葬在自然之中。”

“无论你们做什么都无法改变结果，”作者说道。“仅告知此事并希望你们都能获得平静。我们深表歉意。”

除了要求公众考虑作者关于调查人员的写作，还要求人们考虑是否有人

电视主播之母失踪近六个月。

心态或外貌发生了变化，在左侧区域内有无法解释的行动。

在格思里女士被绑架后的几周里，萨凡纳·格思里表示，她那两个能力出众的兄弟姐妹翻阅了他们在第三个号码发布中玩耍的视频，并表示他们愿意支付赎金以换回她，但希望证明对方确实持有该人质。

在 2 月 3 日（第二封信发出后的第二天）发布的一段视频中，格思里女士表示，她和她的兄弟姐妹已经收到了调查员的消息。

“长远来看，请将我们的母亲归还给我们，这样我们才能与她一起庆祝，”她说。“这是我们获得平静的唯一途径。这是非常真实的，我们愿意支付。”

那个月晚些时候，格思里女士宣布，对于在冬季期间提供的任何信息，将提供 15 million 的奖励，此外还将在 $12.5 提供的线索基础上增加 $100,000 的罚金。

上周，萨凡纳·格思里再次发出恳求，她表示：“I am sure she's made the mother's addiction,”并称她恳请他们“现在就做正确的事”。

儿子将拜登糟糕的辩论之夜归咎于癌症

作者：里德·J·艾普斯坦 (REID J. EPSTEIN)

一名德国内部人士报道

华盛顿 —— 亨特·拜登 (Hunter Biden) 和美国总统上周表示，他认为他的父亲——约瑟夫·R·拜登 (Joseph R. Biden Jr.) 在那场导致其 2020 年总统竞选活动结束的冠状病毒辩论表现中，在不知情的情况下正遭受癌症之苦。

“他看起来很茫然，”亨特·拜登在“休闲”日说道。多年来，他一直是一名成员，那是？好吧，我现在知道将其归因于什么了，“此外”， “我父亲患了癌症。我父亲当时就病了，但他不知道。我的意思是，我们不需要一名优秀的医生，而且他不仅患有 4 期的前列腺癌，还患有 4 期的转移性骨癌，这意味着在超过三年的时间里已经产生了免疫反应。”

拜登先生，63 岁，在 2020 年 5 月被诊断出患有一种侵袭性的前列腺癌，该病在 1978 年曾被报道。他当时接受了治疗。据其儿子称，去年他还进行了手术以切除皮肤癌组织，并完成了一次放射治疗疗程。

2024 年 6 月的辩论实际上结束了拜登先生的决心。在辩论期间，他失去了思路并发表了令人困惑的言论。他在接下来的几周里试图衡量他是否可以继续接下来的 4 个民调，而这些民调已经显示选民认为他太老了，不能担任总统，形势急剧对他不利，同时一连串的质疑要求他退出竞选。他于 2024 年 7 月下旬退出。

“总统卡玛拉（Kamala）从……很快被民主党全国代表大会的代表选中取代拜登先生，后者在通往唐纳德·特朗普 (Donald J. Trump) 的一场重大大选中处于领先地位。

参与拜登先生核心工作的医学专家表示，任何前列腺癌通常比 20 年前出现得更晚。这种情况在导致症状或被诊断出之前会持续多年。但他们表示，拜登先生在过去两三年里的辩论表现是因为数月后才被诊断出的疾病，这种情况可能性较低。

“这是一种老年人的疾病，认知能力下降与高龄相关，”俄亥俄州立大学综合癌症中心的前列腺切除术医疗助理专家约翰·史密斯 (John Smith) 博士说。“这是一个典型的巧合例子，不一定是因果关系。”

曼克 (Mank) 博士说，晚期前列腺癌扩散到骨骼是很常见的，拜登先生的情况也是如此，但扩散到大脑并从而导致认知变化则相当罕见。

马萨诸塞癌症中心（布里格姆癌症研究所）的保罗·阮 (Paul Nguyen) 博士也表示，前列腺癌是其辩论表现糟糕的原因“极不可能”。他说：“前列腺癌通常不会转移到大脑。”

亨特·拜登关于其父亲辩论表现的言论出现在他对美国政治领导人的巡访期间，在那几周里，他与加利福尼亚州 (California) 的加文·纽曼 (Gavin Newman) 州长、右翼阴谋论者坎代斯·欧文斯 (Candace Owens) 进行了长时间的访谈，并参加了一个名为《朋友保持兴趣》的节目，在节目中他讨论了他的行为以及从药物成瘾中康复的过程。

前总统拜登已经赞助了令人难以置信的 60 场政治活动，经常出现在特拉华州和 1-800p 华盛顿的自然往返之中。他写了一本回忆录，其中也是一个 1,000 人的数据库，是在选举结束后 1,000 周发布的。

亨特·拜登的评论是关于拜登先生在辩论中挣扎的 6 个基本、十几个不同公众评论中的最新一条。

辩论结束后，总统本人将他的表现归咎于一次“严重的感冒”。

他还声称自己一直很优秀，并暗示“在酒吧里辩论很难”。

一周后，他在弗吉尼亚州的一次筹款活动上的辩论中说，他在辩论前旅行了十年。“我没有听我的东西，”他当时这样说，并表示他“几乎感觉非常强烈”。

去年夏天，亨特·拜登声称他的父亲被开出了处方药安眠药 Amben，以帮助从两次服务期间的飞行中恢复，并帮助在之前的几周内准备在洛杉矶举行的首次筹款活动。（亨特·拜登随后向 ABC 新闻澄清，他不确定父亲在辩论前是否服用过 Amben。）

前第一夫人吉尔·拜登在今年春季的银行巡访期间，在接受 CBS 新闻采访时表示，在观察丈夫时，她认为他正处于“中风边缘”。她补充道：“我以前从未见过他那样，之后也没有。”

前总统的发言人 T.J. Duckle 周五未回应相关信息。

亨特·拜登在周五的一次简短电话中，对于他关于父亲在辩论期间健康状况的新主张，向 enslave 披露。

“我不打算发表评论，”他说。“我已经说了我想说的。”

萨凡纳·古斯里和她 64 岁的母亲南希·古斯里。

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纽约时报 国家版 周日，2020 年 8 月 2 日

19

伊朗涉嫌入侵美国水务供应系统

作者：DOZEN VIKE 和 ERNESTEL LONDRIDGE

官员和专家警告称，美国水务系统面临的网络挑战范围已扩大到至少七个州，且可能更为广泛。与此同时，旧的前沿阵地正竞相采取措施，以保护国家的供水系统免受攻击，而这些攻击看来日益像是伊朗的所为。

尽管没有迹象表明任何供水已变得不安全而无法饮用，但全美各州及地方官员已达成一致，对那些常用于处理和调节水质（包括供水、影响和水压）的脆弱计算机系统保持高度警戒。明尼苏达州率先公开报告了这些攻击，而密歇根州也表示其系统成为了目标。

专家表示，此类攻击虽然极少发生，但长期以来一直是外国势力通过网络瘫痪关键基础设施这一类噩梦和好莱坞惊悚片的素材。这一消息在理论上首次揭示了美国人的健康和安全可能受到威胁。

美国水务部门尚未最终确定伊朗应对此次攻击负责，且调查仍处于初步阶段。但这已是美国和以色列在五个月前向该国发起战争以来最重要的攻击，并曾阻止过针对类似供水系统的目标。美国水务系统并未面临财务系统的威胁，这使得刑事攻击的可能性降低。

尽管担忧在增加，但特朗普总统在周五淡化了此事，将责任归咎于明尼苏达州——该州最早地察觉到美国水务系统存在黑客活动，促使其他州检查自己的水务系统。据熟悉评估情况的官员称，情报显示美国水务系统很可能受到了伊朗的攻击。

“我认为是明尼苏达州在搞鬼，”特朗普先生在周五的暗示中说道。“我认为美国水务系统是唯一的，我担心，”（此处文本重复 / 缺失）在社交媒体帖子中否认了指控，警告称美国水务系统是唯一的，我担心，（此处文本重复 / 缺失）在社交媒体帖子中否认了指控。

我担心，美国供水系统是唯一一个否认该指控的，并在社交媒体帖子中警告说，美国供水系统是唯一一个，我担心，否认该指控的，并在社交媒体帖子中警告说，美国供水系统是唯一一个，我担心，否认该指控的，并在社交媒体帖子中警告说，美国供水系统是唯一一个，我担心，否认该指控的，并在社交媒体帖子中警告说，美国供水系统是唯一一个，我担心，否认该指โทษ的，并在社交媒体帖子中警告说，美国供水系统是唯一一个，我担心，否认该指控的，并在社交媒体帖子中警告说，美国供水系统是唯一一个，我

JOHN BARK, LATEX 纽约时报

密歇根州弗林特市的一座水塔。水系统遭到了网络停滞（cyberstasis）的袭击，但运行安全。

得出权威结论的决定，它在

内特·乔治（Nate George），这座位于明尼苏达州北部且在网络停滞影响范围内的名为 loan 的小城市的市长，表示联邦和地方官员对可能的罪魁祸首几乎没有疑问。

“我们从明尼苏达州和联邦调查局（F.B.I.）获得了这以及之前的信息，我在周五下午的采访中已经说过。”

中西部战争与严重州内的网络威胁相关联

“他们相当确定是伊朗方面在采取行动？在被询问时，他们不愿公开承认。一份由《世界》杂志获取的、在水务部门之间共享网络威胁信息的行业团体备忘录称，该文章与伊朗相关人员的黑客活动一致。”

共和党人乔治先生（Mr. George）正在竞选州审计员，他表示已经听到了总统关于伊朗参与其中的相关言论。他表示，总统是“表达了他的观点”，但州政府官员有责任帮助各城市加强中西部地区防御网络停滞的能力。

明尼苏达州并非唯一遭受入侵的来源。在《纽约时报》报道后，联邦调查局（F.B.I.）和环境保护署在周四晚发布的一份公开公告中称，自周一以来，“至少有七个州向联邦调查局报告了相关事件，其中部分活动导致水务运行受损。”

官员们指控伊朗影响了多个州。密歇根州政府发言人确认其州系统遭到了攻击。发言人乔治先生在电子邮件中表示：“我们收到少量来自密歇根社区的报告，表明其活动与联邦机构描述的情况一致。”乔治先生补充说，所有受影响的系统均在安全运行，且“没有已知的影响会引发公共健康担忧”。

奥尔良斯先生（Mr. Orleans）是一位追踪伊朗黑客组织的前美国政府网络安全承包商，他表示：“自二月战争开始以来，伊朗一直被用于针对美国、以色列和中东目标的各种黑客系统。但对美国水系统的入侵似乎是一次重大的升级。”

“这里前所未有的是，我们看到美国关键基础设施内部的实时工业控制系统受到了直接且切实的影响，”目前担任设施安全保护公司威胁情报主管的奥尔良斯先生说道。

美国网络安全和投资基础设施局（U.S. Cybersecurity and Investment Industry Agency, Inc.）作为一个咨询委员会，在周四表示，黑客正在“瞄准各种规模的水务实体”，并建议相关设施根据法律采取措施。

但控制器应与互联网断开。该公司补充道，黑客活动“旨在控制水源并维持手动操作”。

该机构数月来一直在引导，这可能会试图破坏水务部门和其他关键基础设施。

前情报官员及专家表示，黑客可能是在采取机会主义行为，而不是选择特定的城市和城镇。这意味着任何使用联网系统的设施都可能受到影响。

奥尔良斯先生表示，伊朗可能是在通过水管利用水系统渗透能源系统，以便在他们能够防御美国政府提供的多次明确工作电力的“机会主义”权衡之前采取行动。

明尼苏达州的市长乔治先生表示，市级官员已经收到关于如何修复受影响水系统的指导，以对抗伊朗黑客发起的攻击及其具备的执行能力。

虽然目前通过手动替代方案维持着供水，但他表示这次攻击凸显了许多小城市关键基础设施的新工程特性。

“我认为黑客带来的后果就是他们如何处理那些不再安全的系统，”乔治先生说。

“如果国家级升级成本非常高，而我们只是一个非常小的市镇。”

司法部向《纽约时报》自由记者发出传票

作者：凯文·巴伯里 (KEVIN BARBERY)

华盛顿 — 一名自由记者一直在与特朗普政府的一项传票作斗争，该政府试图强迫他为《纽约时报》披露其消息来源。据知情人士透露，该报道涉及首家美国报纸在北韩的报道任务。

这份此前未公开的传票反映了政府的一场旨在调查手段使用情况并迫使记者透露其消息来源的压力活动。在特朗普总统开启其第二任期之前，针对记者的联邦传票。

据知情人士透露，今年2月，联邦调查局 (F.B.I.) 探员前往记者马修·科尔 (Matthew Cole) 的纽约家中送达大陪审团传票。据要求匿名描述此次私人对话的人士称，这是过去三年 Younger News, Va. 结果的一部分。

调查人员正在寻求科尔先生针对两年的关于健康合同和对话使用情况的证词，因为他们试图确定他撰写关于北韩行动文章的消息来源。知情人士不清楚政府是否还寻求获取科尔先生的电话和电子邮件数据，正如其在其他案件中所做的那样。

科尔先生的律师大卫·A·史密斯 (David A. Smith) 曾代表《纽约时报》与政府就其关于空军行动报道的传票进行单独交涉，他在一份声明中表示，公众应当享有专业地揭露官方信息和内部数据的权利，且公众应当在政府工作。他补充道，他的客户“不会因为持续这项重要工作而受到恐吓。他将捍卫公众获取信息的权利。在这种来自本届政府对人口的历史性攻击中，他将履行对消息来源的承诺。”

公众正在为科尔先生提供法律辩护。

司法部拒绝就具体调查发表评论，但在一份声明中表示，公众信息能够使用法律工具来“揭露那些非法披露国防信息的人”。

唐纳德·特朗普政府正在寻求关于一篇报道 2019 年在北韩开展的一次失败任务的文章的证词。

在科尔先生收到传票后的几个月里，《纽约时报》、《华尔街日报》和《华盛顿邮报》也面临了类似的传票。这些新闻机构已经收到传票，且法官们已经就政府的努力发布了立法，促使政府在这些案件中退让。

然而，司法部表示拒绝撤回对科尔先生的传票，尽管他已努力对其提出挑战。

《纽约时报》发言人查理·斯塔德伦德克 (Charlie Stadlundek) 在一份声明中表示，对科尔先生的传票是“政府针对人口持续攻击的一部分，这应该让所有美国人感到担忧。”

司法部关于调查和变更的政策在政府换届之间有所不同，并在 2015, 启动了对此类调查的过度陈述。新公众仍然担心传票，且公众已努力尝试这样做。科迪先生，该国海岸线的前任总统。《纽约时报》在9月发布的报道是对二十几个人的采访。

据知情人士透露，司法部尚未向菲利普先生发出传票。他拒绝发表评论。

科尔先生拒绝提供关于针对埃德蒙兹先生活动的更多细节，但在简报中提到，尽管他在 2023, 得知该任务，但考虑到报道的敏感原因，他在拨打电话以了解更多情况之前等待了数月。

Cole先生也是即将出版的《程序与窃贼》(Process and Thieves) 的作者，该书探讨了特朗普总统在法律上的行为及其造成的距离与实际后果。贾里德·萨什纳 (Jared Sushner) 提到《可口可乐的新国家：美国贸易法的悲剧与腐败》(Coke's New Country: The Tragedy and Corruption of D.U.S. Trade Act)，这是一本 2021 年出版的关于 20 世纪 50 年代海军的书籍。再次提及。

据熟悉此事的人士透露，当联邦调查局 (F.B.I.) 特工于 2 月尝试在 Cole 先生的纽约市公寓向其送达传票时，他当时不在家。传票最终被送交给了他的律师。

司法部的调查和行政更迭政策，以及在 2015 年，它启动了关于此类查询的陈述。新公众仍然担心传票，以及为实现这一目标而做出的公众努力。Cody 先生，该国海岸线的前任总统。该报 9 月发表的报道采访了 24 人。

据熟悉此事的人士透露，司法部尚未向 Philippe 先生发出传票。他拒绝发表评论。Cole 先生拒绝就 Edmunds 先生的活动提供更多细节，时事通讯目录显示，尽管在 2023 年就得知了该任务，但他仍等待了数月。

要求匿名发言的人士。

《邮报》与《期刊》在等待期间对传票提出质疑，导致在弗吉尼亚州引发了激烈的法庭斗争。据熟悉此事的人士透露，在监督该争议的联邦法官表示可能会撤销传票后，政府于 6 月撤回了传票。

1 月，联邦特工在美气象局 (U.S. Weather Post) 执行搜查令，作为一项独立的广告审查调查和起诉的一部分，扣押了电话、电脑和一款智能手表。

1 月至 7 月，政府试图确定《纽约时报》关于使用 Print-Ads 的报道背后的来源，那是一架来自国家的 767 飞机。

正如《纽约时报》报道的，特朗普先生在离开土耳其时并未将电话作为安全产品带走，但这尚未成为该方案未来的市场。然而，联邦调查局特工向撰写这些文章的记者送达了传票。

《纽约时报》的报道还要求电话公司提供记者的电话记录，以及两名记者妻子和另一人的电话记录。

《纽约时报》试图阻止传票，认为这是对私人发票的危险攻击。

《纽约时报》的报告已在曼哈顿法院完整呈递，一名法官指责刑事检察官以及警察，且警察显然未能遵守法律和部门关于开展审查调查的内部规则。

司法部认为其决定并未违反法律或法规，但承认犯了错误，将其归因于在法庭上不了解相关的案例法。美国州该案的法官 Arun Sulemanskine 已命令司法部移交导致这些结果的内部电子邮件。

在法官的压力下，司法部撤回了涉及空军和美国州的《纽约时报》关联传票，并继续调查，保留了未来可能重新审视传票的可能性。

放弃华盛顿特区泳池案引发特朗普愤怒

作者：格伦·瑟什 (GLENN THIRSH)

华盛顿 —— 司法部在 7 月 1 日听取了相关关切，当时众议院主席就针对 87 岁且身在吉大港的被告大卫·亨利 (David Henry) 的起诉案发表了看法，指控其损坏了“神圣的”政府财产，即唐纳德·特朗普总统极为珍视但却在不断剥落的遮阳池。

“这不仅是关于总统的问题，对我个人而言也是如此，”哥伦比亚特区联邦检察官霍恩 (Mr. Horn) 先生表示。他担任负责指控亨利先生在林肯纪念堂前破坏遮阳池的历史关系指控主席。她补充道：“我们将证明，亨利蓄意破坏财产，且无合理怀疑。”

事实并非如此。霍恩先生的办公室在周五戏剧性地转向，不仅撤销了对亨利先生的指控，而且首次披露了相关情况。辩方并未受到限制并采取了“行动”，同时也得到了美国邮政的配合。虽然官员们认为导致其公开引用“违反新冠防疫规定”和“违宪”的信息并不存在，但在过程中，无论是否故意，她分享了此前被注意到与特朗普总统员工相矛盾的信息。

司法部的起诉文件并未提及，更不用说全面提及，特朗普先生声称损害是由左翼破坏者而非其政府自身造成的。然而，此案成为了他关于罪犯使用“保理或钝器”破坏遮阳池主张的一个双重证明。

霍恩先生曾任哥伦比亚特区众议院律师，他个人将大部分批评指向了该案的时间节点。而监管起诉一名在池塘周围研究的“白沼泽”人员的杜格-伯格姆 (Dug-Burgum) 似乎并不在意。

司法部秘书在 Truth Social 上发布了关于特朗普破坏遮阳池的信息，明确表示他对普赖斯 (Mr. Price) 先生不满意，后者自 20 世纪 90 年代起一直是他的朋友和盟友。

“他不是个好人，但司法部首先是正义的，”特朗普先生写道。

“我不知道她在想什么，”他对我说道，认为这是一个典型的 VANDALLEKE（破坏者）案件。“更糟糕的是，警方不会看到一些常规困难，但主要损害是由 VANDALLE（破坏者）造成的！”

普赖斯先生的案例成为了一个确凿的理由，证明由特朗普任命的美国检察官公开承认，一名曾被支持的检察官最终被证明是阴谋性的。在一个承认错误被视为弱点、采取违背老板意愿行动被视为自毁的政府中，这种情况尤为罕见。

“特朗普之所以攻击普赖斯，是因为她不是个好人，我们在法律文件中已经说得很清楚了。特朗普最强烈的保留意见是对公众诚实，”法官以及在 40 小时内做出回应的诺曼·L·艾森 (Norman L. Eisen) 表示。艾森是亨利先生辩护团队的另一名成员，也是民主捍卫者基金 (Democracy Defenders Fund) 的联合创始人，同时也是一名被特朗普政府针对的国务院法官。

她声称她及其团队此前被蒙在鼓里，这在历史上是前所未闻的。艾伦 (Mr. Elynn) 表示：“在传唤之后立即开始，并由居民报告，证明是行政测试该负责，而非偏袒。”司法部报告（即检察官办公室）拒绝发表评论。他在一封电子邮件中写道：“起诉文件本身已经说明了问题。”

“我大约处于 4-1 之下”

约翰·蒙塔古 (John Montague) 参与了报道。

这揭示了一个重复出现的模式，该模式降低了司法部在联邦法官和陪审员心中更为激动的人格地位——即全国各地由特朗普任命的美国检察官急于对总统指责为“表现主义者”的人（甚至是党内人士）采取快速行动。

现在，全国各地的特大陪审团（尤其是在华盛顿）报告由该部门提出的起诉案已变得更为普遍。在这一案件中，政府从未出现过这种情况。

从某种意义上说，普赖斯先生的提交文件是一次尝试，旨在联邦法院撤销针对亨利先生的案件，并就该案件本身对承包商伯格姆 (Mr. Burgum)、大西洋工业涂料公司 (Atlantic Industrial Coatings) 以及普赖斯官员的公众舆论提出质疑。

在提交起诉书后，她表示其工作人员几乎完全依赖于许多部门法官的陈述。“我相信，招聘池受到的某些损害是由亨利先生和其他被观察到在干扰或移除公众材料的破坏者造成的。”

这些信息，加上关于“黑客”行动的其他证词，使检察官决定提起此案，因为他们试图帮助一个代表某种事物的人，这涉及一个个人（真相）权力程序量刑，而非轻罪，因为损失超过了法律的控制范围。

当时，普赖斯先生写道，她的办公室“并未掌握来自 D.U.S. 的任何信息，包括对企业管理部门造成的损害，且陪审团认定除被告及其他破坏招聘池的破坏者之外，并无其他行为。”

然而，这一切开始引起兴趣，

美国检察官将致命建筑归咎于此，但说法近乎矛盾。

其检察官随后要求提供“所有资料”——政府、政府及政府声明，照片，身体记录片段，以及至关重要的，关于该高知名度家庭的内部评估。

到 7 月，Perrin 先生的办公室讨论了 600 份关于破坏的杂志（记录），这些记录导致 Price 先生得出结论，认为观察到的损坏是“承包商强制安装”的结果，并与“为了完成项目而匆忙占用公共路权”有关。

但 Perrin 先生的批评者（包括相关批评人士）表示，她的指控忽略了香烟工业协会相关问题已导致的问题，且这些问题在法庭文件中已被披露并见报。

Henry 先生则坚称他仅仅是“接手”了该案件，据称他是在一份杂志要求下将其释放，且在移交时泳池的状态并未比他接手时更糟。

该案披露的证据表明，当时已经出现了明显的裂缝，水开始从泳池中渗漏，且该情况已被发现。Henry 的律师质疑这些信息是否已向大陪审团明确说明，并抱怨称“该案件的混合情况存在误导”。

Eisen 先生表示，法律问题在于“评估所有法律救济措施”。

桑托斯因预测投注被罚款 $35,000

作者：KEVIN MERLIN

前众议员乔治·桑托斯（George Santos）因涉嫌在预测市场上对市场进行投注而从事内幕交易，被罚款 $35,000。该公司财务和法律策略在联合国是一个重要步骤，联邦监管机构于周五宣布了这一消息。

根据美国金融交易委员会（C.F.C.）的说法，桑托斯先生通过做出决定，误导预测市场上的相关方，使其相信他将成为生产者资产的一部分。

桑托斯先生的决定是由 Perrin 先生做出的。McCann-Immerd 反对他的出席。根据 C.F.C. 的数据，桑托斯先生通过囤积销售总计赚取了约 $10,000，其中 2 月份的销售额超过 $1,000，且另有 $1,000。

除了合同付款外，桑托斯先生已同意为虚假陈述支付民事罚金。

Kalish 的一名发言人表示，公司已对桑托斯先生的交易进行了调查并向 C.F.C. 报告，“在市场中提供了良好的协议并对其采取了行动”。桑托斯先生未立即回应置评请求。

此次和解代表了监管机构首次承认，在快速增长且获利丰厚的预测市场领域存在内幕交易和其他滥用行为。C.F.C. 监管机构此前一直面临广泛审查，以确定其是否在有效监管违规行为。

纽约州总检察长已提起致命诉讼，指控该公司在旨在遏制不受监管赌博的法律防御中运行。

Kalish 上的一个流行案例是在联盟期间设定的，桑托斯先生计划出现的情况已成为许多用户讨论的焦点。

Perrin 先生，36 岁，在 2023 年被联邦检察官指控欺诈，并在《纽约时报》及其他新闻报道揭露其财务交易问题及其在个人履历中广泛造假后，被开除出纽约州共和党在国会的席位。在特朗普总统将其刑期减免后，该案在不到三个月的时间内被撤销，他被判处七年三个月监禁。

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20

纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

天气预报

气象信息由 AccuWeather 提供

重点：东部地区多轮降雨

预计从周日下午到周一晚上，中大西洋地区和东北部将出现多轮降雨和雷阵雨。预计普遍降雨量为 1 至 2 英寸，在 95 号州际公路沿线降雨量较高，可达 2 至 4 英寸。重复的强降雨可能会导致道路积水，在历史风暴区域甚至可能引发闪电洪水。风暴还可能在俄亥俄河谷产生破坏性的阵风。

全国预报

预计今天阵雨和雷阵雨将蔓延至东南部、中大西洋地区和东北部。部分风暴可能强度较大，足以导致洪涝和破坏性阵风，特别是从宾夕法尼亚州西部到弗吉尼亚州这一地带。在更西边的密西西比河谷，预计将是局部晴天。

在平原地区，气温将达到 90s 和 100s 初。除新墨西哥州和亚利桑那州东部有少量雷阵雨外，落基山脉地区将炎热且晴朗。西南部气温也将远高于平均水平，但太平洋沿岸的强风将使气温保持在较低水平。

预计沿海地区还将出现强烈的离岸流。与此同时，干燥的天气和阵风将导致西北地区面临极高的火灾风险。

Met Gala 将表彰因反犹太言论而臭名昭著的 Galliano

作者：SANDARA FRIEDMAN

五月在都会艺术博物馆举行的一次闭门会议中，聚集的人群无论从哪个角度看都不同寻常：Azaz-Witman Vagavi 的全球编辑总监提及了一个 Met 的常识；负责 Met 国家学院的共同主管 Andrew Bolton；时装设计师 John Galliano —— 以及少数几位纽约市最具影响力的拉比（rubbies）和犹太领袖。

此次会议的目的是就明年计划举办的时尚盛会（一场致力于 Galliano 作品的展览）可能存在的问题听取他们的想法，并争取他们的认可。这是过去一年中与犹太领袖举行的多次此类会议之一。

在时尚界，Galliano 被许多人认为是当代最重要的设计师之一。他在 1996 到 2011 年间担任 Dior 的首席设计师，其作品超越了单纯的时尚，进入了幻想的领域。但 2011 年，一段他发表反犹太评论的视频成为国际新闻，使他成为了家喻户晓的人物。随后，他失去了在 Dior 的工作，在巴黎法院被裁定犯有仇恨罪，并经历了一段康复期；他在 2015 年作为 Mutton Margolin 的创意总监重返时尚界。

所有这一切使得他目前成为这场展览的选择具有争议。反犹主义正在抬头，一些纽约犹太人对市长 Zehran Mumtaki 的领导感到不安，尤其是最近一个月在光天化日之下的袭击事件，其中一名受害者当时正离开曼哈顿的一个犹太社区中心。该袭击正被作为仇恨罪起诉。

Galliano 展览——博物馆在《纽约时报》发表文章后于周五确认——将使他成为第三位被该博物馆举办个人展的在世设计师，与 Viva Saint Laurent 和 Kawasaki 并列。这是该机构能授予设计师的最高荣誉。

“显然，这次展览可能会遇到相当大的阻力——不仅仅是怀疑，而是一种认为这是错误的感觉，”北美改革联盟主席 Robin Rick Jacobs 说道，他参与了五月的会议。但 Galliano 改变了他的看法。“关键在于‘诚恳’，”Jacobs 说。“他是坦诚的。他直接面对问题并清晰地表达，而不是像在对人们进行敷衍之谈。”

反诽谤联盟首席执行官 Jonathan Greenblatt 告诉《纽约时报》了类似的话：“我们相信 John Galliano 已经真正解决了多年前在巴黎导致其反犹太爆发的问题，我们早已接受了他的道歉。他为修复其言论造成的损害以及从那次经历中学习所做的努力应当获得赞赏。”

一些更坦率的犹太原则认为，这是关于时尚界、忏悔以及第二次机会之重要性的体现。

但人们同样担心，这场展览如何在展示 Galliano 作品的同时，有意义地记录其过去行为的现实性与后果。

“我们告诉他们的是，”

除作为红毯活动的主题外，关于 Galliano 的展览将在都会艺术博物馆开幕。

“如果他们能够利用这个机会来教育人们了解反犹主义的现实，并以某种方式在展览中强调反击的重要性以及此时此刻反犹主义的危险，那将是强有力的、精准且富有成效的，”来自 Temple Emans-EL 的拉比 Joshua Goodhart 说道，该机构是一家拥有 150 年历史的报刊，位于 Met 南部几块街区之遥。

Rubin 表示 Galliano 对时尚史的贡献是“不可否认的”，同时也表示他一直在考虑 Galliane

反诽谤联盟认可了该机构的选择。

自 2010 年起就在岸边，尽管直到 2014 年他才开始认真对待。他表示，当时他与博物馆董事会都决定需要更多考量——不过他否认这种犹豫与对 Galliano 过去经历的担忧有任何关系。

他说，目前的氛围使这次展览更具相关性。

“考虑到仇恨情绪令人震惊地升级，我完全理解为什么现在的时机可能显得格外困难，但我确实觉得这让当前的问题变得更加紧迫，而非降低了紧迫性，”Rubin 说道。“对我而言，核心问题不在于艺术家的行为是否抵消了其突破性，而在于如何将卓越的成就与伦理责任结合在一起，而不让其中一方损害另一方。在分歧加剧的时刻，我觉得博物馆和我自己都有真正的责任去面对这些问题。”

“回避他的作品并不能消除他对时尚的影响，也无法解决围绕其作品的伦理问题，”Rubin 继续说道。“我们的责任既不是赞美这种接纳，也不是回避那段困难的历史，而是客观地建立起近期的记录，提供背景，并为参观者做出有见地的判断创造条件。”

Rubin 表示，他将以一个“导向展厅”开场，用以勾勒他所谓的“狂喜”——这最终定义了 Galliano 的职业生涯，程度不亚于其作品之美，不过他仍在研究具体将如何呈现。虽然他表示计划尽可能多地使用设计师的原话——他指出，在与犹太社区领导人的会面中，对方强调了清晰度至关重要，应避免补充解释——但他也表示，他的职责不是代表 Galliano 版本的事件陈述，而是最准确的版本。他还在考虑创建一个在线论坛，以便进行更多讨论。

作为斜裁连衣裙的大师和想象力丰富的世界引领者，65 岁的 Galliano 是将 Dior 从一家举止得体的法国传统时装屋转变为全球现象级品牌的主要功臣。随后，在 2011 年，他在巴黎的一家酒吧里被录下地说道“我爱希特勒”，以及其他同样令人震惊的言论。在 2024 年讲述其崛起、陨落及后来回归的纪录片《High-Low John Galliano》中，Galliano 表示在视频事件期间以及另外两次发表类似痛苦言论的事件中，他处于烂醉且药物成瘾的状态；他称自己的话是“糟糕的”且“可怕的”。在被定罪后，他接受了康复治疗，并与伦敦的一位拉比以及反诽谤联盟的几位前沿人士合作。

决定庆祝 Galliano 的到来正值反犹主义抬头之际。大都会博物馆官员与犹太领袖进行了沟通以寻求支持。

在纽约，学习关于时尚、反犹主义和大屠杀的知识。随后，他在 Mutton Margolin 担任领导职务，而像 Zondana、Tyla 和 Amal Cherey 这样的名人继续在红毯上穿着他的古董设计。他的服装在拍卖会上创下了记录。

一直以来，70 岁的 Witman 始终是 Galliano 最重要的支持者之一——或许也是最强大的一位。Witman 也是 Met Gala 的幕后操盘手，为该部门筹集了大量资金，以至于在 2014 年有展厅以她的名字命名，且服装学院即将筹集到的一笔捐赠基金将确保其未来的经济安全。

她在促成 Galliano 回归方面起到了关键作用，并且在他在蒙羞之后，她是首批穿着他的作品以表达诚挚公开支持的人之一。2024年，她告诉《纽约时报》：“我强烈感觉到，我们的文化已经开始过于迅速地走向谴责——倾向于认为某些特定的冒犯或错误是不可原谅的。事实是我们很少了解故事的全貌，而我们所有人都是不完美的。”在都会艺术博物馆（the Met）举办一次 Galliano 回顾展一直是 Witman 的长期目标，这将是对她塑造时尚界能力的肯定，也是她留给后世的另一项遗产。

“没有人比 John Galliano 更渴望一场这种规模的展览了，”Witman 在一条短信中写道。“设计师梦想着用一个系列来改变世界。John 一次又一次地做到了。他的职业生涯并非由单一时刻定义——那是他余生都将与之共存的东西。”但她写道，“这次展览不会回避任何阴暗面。”

当然，时尚界似乎已经摆脱了对 Galliano 的任何不适感。一月份，他在 Jonathan Anderson 为 Dior 策划的首展中就座——这是他被解雇后首次回到该时装屋——随后不仅有观众告诉他这一点，Dior 的所有者 Bernard Arnault 及其全家也对他表达了认可。

三月份，Ezra 宣布与 Galliano 开展为期两年的合作。在这两种情况下，外界的反应都是兴奋而非抵触。事实上，时尚界一直有将才华置于违规之上的悠久历史，可以追溯到 Ciro-Chanel，她在第二次世界大战期间选择与纳粹合作，以免自己的生意冒险。

这种态度是否能延伸到更广泛的都会艺术博物馆观众以及将于 2021年 9月 9日 开幕并展出至 2020年 9月 9日 的 Galliano 展览，仍有待观察。不过，该展览在都会艺术博物馆完成首展后，计划前往其他博物馆展出——这些机构的领导者无疑将密切关注社会活动人士的反应。

“犹太社区中可能很多人会认为这有问题，”Temple Emans-EL 的拉比 Dorislaw 表示。“人们很可能会因此感到不安，我能理解这种感受。”

这就是为什么一些拉比目前担心他们被当作掩盖问题的“创可贴”。一名熟悉博物馆讨论情况的人士表示，都会艺术博物馆的领导者意识到这一决定可能会成为一个产生严重后果的问题。

但 Union for Reform 的 Jacobs 表示，如果博物馆能够有意义地处理 Galliano 的历史，那么这次展览可能会成为“一个提高消费者信任并增强关于应对方案意识的机会。它可能会产生深远且积极的影响。”

这些瞬间讲述了一段走向卓越的故事

一位前教练说，杰伦·布伦索克（Jalen Brunsock）“没有乘坐电梯，而是走楼梯”。

作者：JAYSON JENKS

那是 2026 年的夏天。 在芝加哥一个酷热难耐的日子里，布莱克·德拉兹纳（Blake Drazner）正准备去参加八年级的橄榄球训练，这时他注意到一名同学背着背包、拿着篮球走在黑色的路面上。

他在心里想：为什么杰伦在这个时间点背着背包走路？第二天同样的事情发生了：背包，篮球，酷热。

之后每一天都是如此。甚至在下雨的日子里也是这样。这成了德拉兹纳家一个经常被提及的笑话：猜猜我今天看到谁在走路？

有一天，德拉兹纳问布伦索克在做什么、要去哪里，布伦索克告诉他：走到健身房，锻炼，然后走回家。

多年后，德拉兹纳查了一下距离：往返各三英里，中间夹着一次锻炼。“这是一种心态，”德拉兹纳说。“他一直以来都是这样。”

那是他淡季年（Freedman Year）的夏天。 布伦索克在史蒂文森高中（Stevenson High School）的夏季联赛中打球，一天有三四场比赛，通常一直持续到晚上 9 点或 10 点。

在最后一场比赛结束后，布伦索克和他的好朋友康纳·库肖（Connor Cushaw）收拾好东西上了车。

布伦索克告诉库肖，他们有三个支撑点——学业、通过锻炼变得更强以及社交——但现实地看，他说，他们只能选择其中两个。对于布伦索克来说，这个选择并不像是一个选择：学业和锻炼。

二十分钟后，他们来到了柏林中心（Berlin Center）的健身房，那是芝加哥公牛队的训练中心。父亲在教练组工作带来的好处之一就是可以使用球队的设施。

在那些深夜的锻炼中，很明显布伦索克的思考方式与同龄孩子不同：我如何才能变得更好？我如何才能迈出下一步？当我进入多样化阶段时，我该如何准备？

“那就是他的心态，”库肖说。“一次一步，一次一投。”

那是他的高中最后一年。 布伦索克是一名五星级招募球员。

堪萨斯大学、维拉诺瓦大学、伊利诺伊大学——他们都想要他。

他的教练帕特·安德森（Pat Anderson）经常听到关于布伦索克周五赛后夜晚的情况。其他教练通过电话和参观向他透露。

“你听说杰伦 11 点的时候还在那里吗？”“我前几天晚上在健身房，你知道杰伦也在那里吗？”

于是安德森找布伦索克谈话。他想确保他的明星球员没有过度劳累。有多少青少年能在比赛后进行午夜锻炼？

布伦索克回答说他可以。安德森无法反驳。在每天的训练中，他看到了同样的能量，同样的强度，同样渴望，同样的心态。

正是因为那些深夜的时光，安德森现在才会告诉人们：“杰伦没有乘坐电梯，而是走楼梯。”

那是他在大学的淡季年。 每天的时间表都排得很满。

每天早上，维拉诺瓦大学的球员们会花一小时练习个人技术。每天下午，他们进行 2½ 小时的团队训练。

而每天在团队晚餐和完成学业之后，布伦索克和他的父亲会在晚上 10 点回到健身房。

杰伊·赖特（Jay Wright）开始感到不安。这位维拉诺瓦大学的教练担心布伦索克在心理和身体上都疲惫不堪，于是他

（Jayson Jenks 是 Peak 的特写撰稿人，该板块隶属于 The Athletic，涵盖体育领导力、个人成长与成功。）

与里克·布伦索克（Rick Brunsock）及其儿子进行了交谈。

深夜锻炼必须停止。赖特告诉他们，否则他将禁止杰伦参加早晨的训练。一天两次锻炼已经足够了。

里克据理力争，但最终他表示理解，深夜锻炼停止了。

但在接下来的赛季，以及再下一个赛季，杰伦和他的父亲又回到了深夜的健身房。他们没有告诉赖特，赖特也没有对他们说什么。

到那时，赖特已经意识到布伦索克能够承受。

那是他在维拉诺瓦大学就读第三年后的夏天，以及 NBA 选秀的前夜。布伦索克知道自己的名字会被叫到；他只是不知道具体是什么时候。

他在新泽西州邀请人们过来一起玩。但大约在晚上 10 点，他会对朋友们说：“咱们去投几个球吧。”

这就是他在达拉斯独行侠队在第二轮以第 33 顺位选中他的前一个晚上所做的事情。

这是一个在 N.B.A. 效力一个赛季后的夏天。 他回到了维拉诺瓦大学参加训练营。

当其他人都在吃午饭时，布伦索克走向球场。丹尼尔·科迪-博斯恩特里从俯瞰体育馆的窗户其中一扇向外观察。

他不想打扰布伦索克；他一边吃东西一边看着。

训练中的每一个细节似乎都经过深思熟虑。布伦索克在挡拆后脱离，在有人干扰的情况下尝试投篮 3 分。他冲向篮下，然后停下来投中一个中距离跳投。他停止，转身，后仰跳投。

每一次移动，每一次投篮，每一项训练似乎都有其目的。科迪-博斯恩特里在很久之后回想起那些训练：这些正是他在高关注度的 N.B.A. 比赛中看到布伦索克投进的那些球。

另一个 N.B.A. 赛季开始了。 乔治·加拉诺普洛斯是独行侠队的助理视频协调员。短信在一天中的某个时间发来。

“杰伦 6:30。”“杰伦 6:45。”“杰伦 5:30。”加拉诺普洛斯知道这意味着什么：布伦索克那晚会来进行另一次训练。

布伦索克在体育馆里听着迈克尔·杰克逊的音乐。加拉诺普洛斯经常帮他抢篮板。他看着布伦索克与助理教练彼得·帕顿一起训练，观察他如何接受反馈，并实时将其应用到训练中。

布伦索克已经开始证明他比一个普通的第二轮秀要优秀。在某种程度上，这证实了加拉诺普洛斯作为教练深信的一点：球员是可以做到的——任何人都可以做到。只要拥有正确的心态，他们就能将每一分天赋发挥到极致。

这是 2025 N.B.A. 赛季期间。 瑞安·阿奇迪亚科诺是纽约尼克斯队的成员。

他花了很多时间与球队的视频协调员在一起。他们是幕后人员，是苦干者。他们工作勤恳，时间长。

有时阿奇迪亚科诺会和他们一起吃午饭，有时他们会在晚上随便吃点东西。他们会留到很晚，因为他们知道布伦索克会回来，他们希望有人在那儿帮他抢篮板。

阿奇迪亚科诺并不感到惊讶。他从布伦索克在维拉诺瓦大学读大一的时候起就认识他了。那时他就是一个勤奋的人。现在他依然如此。

“这就是伟大球员与众不同的原因，”他说，“他们的心态以及对待日常生活的态度就是不一样的。”

这是圣安东尼奥的一个夏夜。 布伦索克在球场上，面对着麦克风。他摇了摇头，眼含泪水。

“我无法用言语表达，”他说，并用手捂住了嘴。他在决定胜负的关键比赛中砍下了 45 分，带领尼克斯队赢得了 53 年来的首个冠军。现在，他正尝试在 5 台电视机前消化这一切。

“这就是我梦寐以求的一切，”他说。

在人群中，尼克斯队的球迷在他身后疯狂欢呼。他的队友们开始在冠军奖杯台上聚集。

ESPN 的丽莎·塞伯斯问道：“关于今晚完成这一切，你对自己说了什么？”

他沉默了一两秒。

“我的自信源于我的职业道德，”他终于说道，“每次接到球，我脑子里想的都是每一个夏天所做的所有基础训练，从我有记忆以来每一个夏天。让这一切变成现实。”

所有这些夏日的训练，高中和维拉诺瓦大学度过的所有那些漫长夜晚，以及在独行侠队和随后在尼克斯队度过的所有那些夜晚训练，都将他带到了这一刻：他成为了 2025 N.B.A. 总决赛最有价值球员，纽约的巨星，一名 N.B.A. 冠军。

布伦索克在每个级别的球队中都参与过夺冠。在伊利诺伊州的史蒂文森高中，他在 2015 年赢得了州冠军。在维拉诺瓦大学，他在 2016 和 2018 年赢得了全国冠军。在六月，他带领尼克斯队夺得了 53 年来的首个 N.B.A. 冠军。

即使在庆祝活动的最高潮，他也明白这一点。他说，每当他在场上持球时，脑海中就只有五个词，那是他篮球生涯的写照：

“我，独自，在球馆。”

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纽约时报 体育版 2026年8月2日，星期日

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棒球

BROWN & WILLIAMSON

上图的 Edgar Quero 和白太阳队在经历了连续三个赛季 100 场失利的低谷后反弹，目前领跑美联中区，而 Shubai Ohkami 道奇队则不确定是否能稳操胜券。

BROWN & WILLIAMSON

根据 FanCogho 的数据，光芒队、上图的酿酒师队以及皇家队均为收入分成受益球队，且均位列夺冠概率最高的前六支球队之列。

评论

一个挑战 M.L.B. 关于竞争平衡主张的赛季

作者：KEN ROSENTHAL

论坛

竞争激烈的球队一直在威胁贸易截止日期缺乏订单，指出许多俱乐部正被共同启动。

风险，这怎么可能？ 大联盟（Major League Baseball）继续坚持认为该运动缺乏竞争平衡，且薪金削减是唯一的解决方案。但事实就摆在我们面前。对于任何需要关注的人来说，这个赛季都挑战了联盟的论点。

截至周五的比赛，26 支俱乐部中有 24 支距离季后赛席位仅差六场比赛，而 31 支则在三场比赛之内。

噢，而且纽约大都会队和旧金山巨人队——这两支球队的奢侈税薪资规模分别排名全联盟第二和第 15 位——距离季后赛席位都至少落后 30 场。

在手球运动中，随机且稳定的结果（无论是在一场比赛、一个赛季还是一次季后赛中）并不罕见。但联盟几乎表现得像是结果被拖延了一样，通过其 7.4-roll 持续强调竞争平衡问题。

Ken Rosenthal 是 The Athletic 的大联盟（M.L.B.）高级撰稿人。

在 MLB TV 及其他平台上的 Playing Field® 广告宣传活动中。

如果粉丝们压倒性地支持，它并没有说输家：“正如联盟所说，他们不需要额外的服务。不过，当场上结果与场外叙事不符时，最好用伪造的论点来轰炸公众。”

你更愿意相信谁，是那些——其私密性使其成为其自身业务的——所有者，还是你在排名表中所看到的实际情况？顺便说一句，这种竞争似乎源于联盟在 2022 年引入的扩大化季后赛，目的是现在赚更多的钱。

不要误会。我多次写到联盟和球员协会有必要解决大市场和小市场球队之间的收入差距。在二月，我提出了许多关于如何在不采取上限措施的情况下改善小市场俱乐部困境的想法。

这项运动正在经历复兴，部分原因是像付费赛道和自动投球-好球挑战系统这样的创新，这些系统由专员 Bob Mumford 推动，而工会则表示抵制。然而，所有者对上限的坚持几乎肯定会导致长时间的停赛（lockout），从而危及 2027 赛季的部分或全部赛程。

这是该运动最不需要发生的事情。这也是所有者最不需要的事情。干扰 2027 赛季——而且在粉丝可以通过比 1994-95 年罢工期间更多方式自我娱乐的时代疏远粉丝——并不是提高特许经营权价值的好方法。这也不是进入该运动核心国家电视合同谈判的好方法。

但 Mumford 和所有者说：“相信我们。我们知道什么是最好的。”他们通过将奢侈税付款计入顶端球队的薪资中，夸大了顶端和底端球队之间的支出差距。他们还说：“在全国各地的市场中，许多粉丝对于自己的球队是否有公平获胜机会缺乏希望。”

怎么说？ 联盟喜欢指出 2025 年的堪萨斯城皇家队是最后一支赢得世界系列赛的小市场球队。那么，根据 FanCogho 的数据，三支收入分成受益球队——密尔沃基酿酒师队、西雅图水手队和坦帕湾光芒队——位列周五比赛前夺冠概率最高的前六支球队之列。

这三支球队都可以在周一之前通过一项重大收购来提高它们的胜算。

竞争环境虽非理想，但请仔细审视排名。

交易截止日期，尽管那些球队通常不会产生如此巨大的波动。但一场酿造者队与光芒队的世系列赛将成为该联盟关于这项运动已然崩溃之立场的终极释放。

你会说这是一个不可能的剧本？没人能击败两届卫冕冠军洛杉矶道奇队，截至周五，他们赢得世系列赛的概率为 24.1 百分比，是紧随其后的纽约洋基队的两倍多？

有趣的是，道奇队在 2022 和 2023 年连续在分区系列赛中面对来自较小市场的竞争对手——圣地亚哥教徒队和亚利桑那响尾蛇队。在 2024 年，他们在客场面临淘汰压力时采取牛棚赛策略，本应再次在分区系列赛中输给教徒队。而且他们需要经历一系列惊险的逃脱才赢得了世系列赛。

目前的道奇队也并非稳操胜券。该队依赖于联盟中年龄最大的核心球员群体，且对于投手布莱克·斯内尔、泰勒·格拉斯纳和大谷翔平的可用性仍不确定。

诚然，道奇队拥有其他球队无法企及的优势。大谷翔平是一位超级巨星，他就像一台单人 ATM 机（而且由于所有者希望取消的那种延期合同，他在自由球员市场上对其他所有俱乐部来说都是负担得起的）。得益于联盟与俱乐部在当前所有权从弗兰克·麦考特手中接管后，为了避免在破产法院陷入争端而达成的一项协议，一份当地电视转播合同保护了该队很大一部分的版权免于收入分成。

联盟计划让各球队共享所有当地媒体收入，但前提是球员同意设定上限，这将有效地消除道奇队的电视优势。但球员们依然坚决反对设立上限。而当联盟表示“将接受”针对 20 岁球员五年自由球员资格的提案时，当然，它会接受。但前提是必须在限制球员收入的上限之下，而工会认为这并非真正的自由球员资格。

到目前为止，本赛季产生了一些令人惊喜的局面。光芒队在美联中取得了最佳战绩。芝加哥白袜队在经历了连续三个 100 场失利赛季后反弹，领跑美联中区。圣路易斯红基球队和明尼苏达双城球队在通过交易调整阵容后展开竞争。华盛顿国民队和匹兹堡海盗队在区域内每场比赛的排名分别攀升至 1 和 2。我并不是说竞争环境已经达到了理想状态，我只是在说，它比联盟想要让你相信的要公平得多。

足球

国际足联取消出售世界杯

股份计划 因因凡蒂诺的地位动摇

作者：ADAM CRAFTON 和 DAN SHELDON

在计划遭到广泛谴责后，全球足球管理机构国际足联（FIFA）及其主席因凡蒂诺对一项出售该组织商业和赛事运营股份的计划进行了剧烈的 5 年转向。

处于国际足联主席之位的因凡蒂诺在周五晚间的一份声明中表示：“在仔细听取所有观点后，很明显该项目造成了某种性质的分歧，无论支持程度如何，这已不再符合最初设定的目标利益。”

“我们的目的始终是——且永远将是——团结与进步。因此，该提议将不会继续推进。”

因凡蒂诺的提议引起了管理该项运动的各大联合会的强烈反对，包括欧洲足联（UEFA）、中北美及加勒比海足联（Concacaf）以及亚足联（AFC）。

欧洲足联周四宣布，其全部 55 个成员将成为国际足联的竞争对手，包括世界杯在内。五个计划仍在讨论中。中北美及加勒比海足联成员随后在周四下午举行会议，并在随后发表声明称其正在重新命名国际足联的提议。

Adam Crafton 和 Dan Sheldon 为 The Athletic 报道足球新闻。

国际足联在周五早些时候于欧洲发表声明回应，其中坚持称这“实际上是在销售足球”，并表示虽然它“承认并重新审视反馈和公开担忧”，但仍将推进该提议，并补充称其“重申对开放和民主咨询的承诺”。

但就在国际足联发布该声明后不久，亚足联紧接着发表了 60 份新声明，表示与欧洲足联和中北美及加勒比海足联保持团结。

随后，因凡蒂诺遭受了两次沉重的打击。

首先，他的顾问卡洛斯·科德罗（Carlos Cordero）辞职，并在声明中批评该计划，称其为“对国际足联成员协会的一笔糟糕交易，对足球的一笔糟糕交易，且对这项运动的长期未来是一笔糟糕交易”。

随后，国际足联首席运营官凯文·拉穆尔（Kevin Lamour）告诉美联社，员工们被因凡蒂诺“轻视”了，并且他在就此事发声后会表现得更好，即使这可能会让他丢掉工作。

“这是一个人的项目，”拉穆尔说：“你只需让该项目不要进行……但现在已经是时候让政治领导人们问自己正确的问题并做出正确的决定了。”

这些进展迫使因凡蒂诺陷入困境。到周五下午，该组织内部的许多人在接受 The Athletic 采访时，在 ans-

nyship（匿名）条件下以保护其工作的目的，认为该计划是否会被重新考虑已不再是问题，而仅仅是时间问题。

截至周五晚上，约书亚·库什纳（Joshua Kushner）的风险投资公司 Thrive 尚未退出该交易，但这在国际足联领导层最终决定撤回计划后已变得无关紧要。

国际足联周二宣布，它希望建立一家新的私有体育公司——FIFA Forward Enterprises，该公司将运营主要赛事（如世界杯和世俱杯），并且正寻求向外部投资者出售 25% 的少数股权。

此次出售旨在带来 54.2 billion 资金，国际足联表示，这笔资金可以作为名为“FIFA Fast-Fer-ward Program”的新融资流，立即发放给其 121 个成员协会。

根据该计划，国际足联的总开发资金在未来四年将超过 100 billion。尽管在过去几天中批评声不断，但国际足联确认，如果成员协会反对该计划但提议仍通过，那么在 2027-28 周期内，无论是否向私人投资者出售股份，反对者仍将每家获得 $20 million（believed by $22 million 在 2025-26 周期，以及 $2800 万 在 2035-26 周期）。

然而，如果该成员协会同意该提案，它将在 2027-28 年获得 $40 million，随后的款项将保持不变。

公开反对国际足联计划的三个联合会代表了 211 个国际足联成员协会中的 117 个。国际足联此前表示，该提案需要获得 28's majority of association 以及 21 名国际足联董事会成员（包括因凡蒂诺和八名国际足联副主席）的批准才能推进。

南美洲的区域性联合会 Cromshed 在周五晚间发表了一份声明，虽然没有直接回应相关计划，但表示财务和商业决定“必须始终服务于足球的利益，绝不能凌驾于其本质之上”。

国际足联在几小时后发表的声明随后撤回了所有方案。

据 The Athletic 报道，在周四举行的欧足联（UEFA）和 Coeca-cat 会议期间，50 位支持者对国际足联的未来领导层提出了质疑。

国际足联主席詹尼·因凡蒂诺（Gianni Infantino）的提案遭到了足球管理联合会的反对。

因凡蒂诺自 2008 年 2 月接替塞普·布拉特纳（Sepp Blatner）以来一直担任国际足联主席，原预计在 2027 年 3 月的下次选举中将无人竞争。

“我目前深刻的印象是，他失去了大量的信任，”挪威足球协会主席李·克拉雷万斯（Lee Klarewans）告诉 VU 报纸。

“我们上次没有投票给他，而且我们一直对此持怀疑态度，”克拉雷万斯说。“国际足联有很多优点，但如果你在治理原则和规则上采取一种税务处理方式，你很快就会失去信任。”

对于因凡蒂诺来说，这是一次沉重的打击。他在本周开始时还是那位监管着刚刚结束的男子世界杯 165 billion 收入的国际足联主席，足球界许多人都认为他在下一次选举中稳操胜券。许多协会甚至已经提交了支持他的支持信。

由几个主要联合会公开发布的声明代表了一次令人震惊的事态发展。欧足联的威胁具有分量，而一旦 Coeca-cat 和亚洲联合会加入，因凡蒂诺将面临被边缘化的风险。

随后，他自己的团队也背叛了他，先是科德罗（Cordero），然后是拉穆尔（Lamour）。一场理念之争演变成了保住职位的之争。因凡蒂诺目前虽然尚未失去权力，但在 2027 年的选举中仍可能面临挑战。提名必须在 11 月前完成。

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24

纽约时报 体育版 周日，2, 2026 年 8 月 2 日

职业足球

随着马里（Murray）的到来，明尼苏达队的季前乐观情绪激增

作者：KLEE LEWIS

The Athletic

当德克萨斯州的高中橄榄球教练们听说这次合作的可能性时，他们互相发送了大量信息。当亚利桑那红雀队的管理层和教练们察觉到风声时，他们在某个 N.H.L. 的夜晚低声议论着 50。即使是林肯·赖利（Lincoln Riley）在为南加州大学的关键赛季做准备时，也抽出时间核实他曾在俄克拉荷马大学执教的四分卫凯利·马里（Kylie Murray）是否正前往明尼苏达维京人队。

“当这件事开始成形时，”赖利在最近的一次电话采访中说，“我真的非常兴奋。”

一旦三月中旬与维京人队的签约正式敲定，马里在红雀队的一位教练（要求匿名）便开始在围绕马里的时间里进行有意义的讨论，有些人对他内向的性格评价不高，而另一些人则不愿纠结于此。有些人关注他情绪稳定、波澜不惊的举止，而另一些人则赞扬他的反应是其获胜欲望的一种激情表达；有些人质疑他的工作习惯，而另一些人则对他如此在意细节表示钦佩。

事实上，与关于他的管理层、教练和队友交谈就像在面对一个矛盾体。这些回答不仅揭示了马里的情况，还揭示了关于四分卫领导力的哲学、媒体高管在球员职业生涯中的角色，以及组织对成功与失败的影响。在一位千禧年奖杯获得者看来，大多数人都认为马里与维京人队的结合将为他带来最好的结果。

“我认为他过去两三年的职业生涯走势对他成长是必要的，”戴安·埃德蒙兹（Diane Edmonds）说道，他是马里的前队友，上赛季效力于华盛顿指挥官队。“在一致性方面，维京人队将看到任何人从未见过的最好的凯利·马里。”

乔丹·霍根（Jordan Hogan），前红雀队和旧金山49人队助理教练表示：“他不是傻瓜，他的核心圈子也不是。在 N.H.C. 西部，他知道这种进攻方式意味着什么。他想留在口袋区（pocket）内。他想成为一个完美的传球手。他不想四处乱跑，因为在那个级别上那样很容易受伤，而他知道这一点。”

汤姆·尚帕特（Tom Shampart），2010 到 2021 年期间的红雀队助理教练表示：“我认为战术调度员会对他要求很高，他需要一名能盯着他、不让他忽略细节的教练。”

尚帕特表示，维京人队的教练凯文·奥康奈尔（Kevin O'Connell）就是这种类型的人。“我认为这家伙将迎来一个疯狂的年份，”他评价马里时说道。

奥康奈尔在明尼苏达队的四个赛季中尚未赢得过一场季后赛，但他与资深四分卫合作取得的成功解释了维京人队为何签下马里。奥康奈尔获得了马琳·斯塔福德（Marlene Stafford）、柯克·考辛斯（Kirk Cousins）和山姆·达诺德（Sam Darnold）坚定不移的承诺。

那些认识与维京人队签署一年合同的凯利·马里的人说，他明白这次机会的重要性。

当马里在红雀队时（左图），教练们推动更好的内部保护，但未能成功。维京人队拥有一条高薪的进攻线。马里和 J.J. 麦卡锡（far right）。

运行这个复杂的系统——要求四分卫在开球前将进攻置于最佳状态——需要极高的要求。

当一名球队中最有才华的球员要求高度的强度时，情况会变得更容易。特别是如果他在 2025 年的赛季中被推向巅峰，球星接球手贾斯汀·杰斐逊（Justin Jefferson）绝不会接受除场内外的极致细节关注以外的任何事情。

“他是一个竞争者，”2022 到 2023 年间担任红雀队跑卫教练的艾弗里·登森（Avery Denson）说。“当你挑战一个竞争者时，你知道他们会怎么做吗？他们会竞争。挑战他，让他习惯于被要求。他的身体里没有一丝恶意。”

那些了解默里（Murray）的人说，他深知此时此刻的重要性。如果到 2026 年仍在挣扎，他将加入前首轮秀的行列，在 NHL 中为寻求一个有意义的未来而奋斗。如果能大获成功，他将获得一份巨额的自由球员合同。

近年来，红鸟队的教练们一直推动改善内部保护，但未能奏效。由于缺乏出色的纵向威胁，他们不得不依赖这些基础，以便默里能迅速将球传给像近端锋托尼·麦克布莱德（Tony McBride）这样的接球手。在第 3 周詹姆斯·库珀（James Cooper）踝关节受伤后，跑球进攻能力的下降使得这个缺乏探索性的传球进攻体系仅剩五种产生进攻势头的方式。

维京队拥有多名能够缝合全场的接球手。他们拥有联盟中薪酬最高的一批进攻线。他们的更衣室已经证明，他们愿意接纳四分卫位置上的不同性格。这里几乎没有排外的空间。

这并不是说没有障碍。前教练们提到，内部防线的漏洞会对默里的视野产生影响。他们还指出了对深退步概念的担忧，以及考虑到默里紧凑的体型，这将如何影响他。

另一个考虑因素？由于默里主要在散弹枪阵型（shotgun）下打球，而奥康奈尔（O'Connell）的体系喜欢将四分卫置于中锋下方（under center）以利用跑-传选项，因此双方都必须适应。

适应需要时间。这可能会产生压力，但最优秀的四分卫总能找到方法，而该球队和球员目前的处境消除了任何在灵活变通上的迟疑。

“如果我是维京队的球迷，”赖利（Riley）说，“看到这个家伙现在的动力如此之强，我会兴奋得垂涎三尺。这简直突破了量表。”

大学橄榄球

他扭转了爱荷华州立大学。现在他能否带领宾州州立大学达到新高度？

作者：SCOTT McKETTERMAN

The Athletic

芝加哥 —— 在作为宾州州立大学橄榄球教练的首次 Big Ten 媒体日上，马特·坎贝尔（Matt Campbell）列举了所有在 2017 年至 2025 年期间让爱荷华州立大学在 Big 12 赛区会议中脱颖而出的无形特质。

决心……性格……韧性……一致性……坎贝尔将这些词汇锻造成一个强有力的信息，他通过践行和展望这一信息，将旋风队（Cyclones）推向了前所未有的高度。

坎贝尔领导的爱荷华州立大学球队，以黑色为主色调，在面对排名球队时取得了 10 场胜利，其中包括四场针对前 10 名球队的胜利。在坎贝尔 20 年的任期内，旋风队经常触及天花板，该项目历史上仅有 8 个 Big 12 获胜赛季。

在快乐谷（Happy Valley）进行演练时，46 岁的坎贝尔将黑色换成了浅蓝色，而色彩和措辞不仅起到了作用，而且融合在一起。他打赌，正是那些将爱荷华州立大学从垫底者变为 Big 12 冠军竞争者的特质，将使尼蒂尼狮队（Nittany Lions）从优秀提升至卓越。而且他是在一个由 24 名来自爱荷华州立大学的教职人员以及数十名宾州州立大学信徒组成的阵容中完成这一目标的。

这并非一项简单的任务。如果坎贝尔的计划不能引起共鸣，可能会带来惊喜，也可能会导致崩溃。因此，他对前旋风队球员坦诚相告，告诉他们“我们不再在爱荷华州立大学了”，而是在宾州州立大学。坎贝尔敦促所有球员相互依赖，并在校园生活的方方面面建立同志情谊，从学术到营养，再到力量和一致性，并由他的故事引导方向。

“你们有一批从爱荷华州立大学过来的年轻人。有两名来自 2012-13, 年的大四学生，然后还有一些选择留在宾州州立大学的优秀大四学生。”

Scott Dechterman 为 The Athletic 报道大学橄榄球。

在马特·坎贝尔在爱荷华州立大学的 20 年里，该队在面对排名球队时取得了 16 场胜利，并在其 9 个获胜的 Big 12 赛季中获得了 8 次冠军。

坎贝尔说：“所以我们将这些人配对成领导小组，让他们制定球队计划，并真正开始落实责任制。”

在爱荷华州立大学，坎贝尔的系统培养了领导者，并大约在三年的启动期内形成了自我维持的机制，早期的球员如大卫·蒙哥马利（David Montgomery）和艾伦·劳德（Allen Laund）在任期之初便有所体现，而现在的尼蒂尼狮队则在世界决赛和力量大厅中体现。比奇·贝赫特（Beech Becht）和本·布拉思默（Ben Brathmer）是计划球员的领导者，这些启动工作将标准推向了新高度并予以维持。

但这并非总能奏效，这迫使坎贝尔作为教练而成长。在 2020, 年获得第 9 名并赢得 Fiesta Bowl 冠军后，巨大的期望压在了旋风队身上。由于几乎所有核心贡献者都回归，爱荷华州立大学在 2021 赛季开始时排名在前 10 位，但最终战绩仅为 7-8. 旋风队随后在 2022. 年经历了一个 4-6 赛季。这迫使坎贝尔通过调整和磨练他的系统来停止自由落体。他开始反省，解雇了一些自动教练，其中包括他最亲密的朋友。

“自负和营养师可能会让人陷入非常糟糕的境地，”坎贝尔说。“在我们的 '21 和 '22 赛季期间，我在领导橄榄球项目方面做得非常糟糕。我允许其中一些问题潜入，我很幸运能够有机会纠正这一点。”

坎贝尔依靠贝赫特来主导 2023, 年的扭转，这位四分卫引导旋风队第二次进入 Big 12 冠军赛。贝赫特已经首发 40 场比赛，是三名职业生涯传球码数超过 5,000 码的 Big 12 四分卫之一。

贝赫特在宾州州立大学加入坎贝尔，共同构建一个基于在爱荷华州立大学塑造的整体的凝聚文化。对于贝赫特来说，这个构建过程与他在爱荷华州立大学 4-6 战绩期间的经历截然不同。

“我们当时有很多自负，特权——”

“……心态、自私的球员，而我们否认有任何这类新情况，”Becht 说道。“这完全不同，你是在与来自全国各地的球员一起打造一支团队，让他们像整体一样运转，而这很难做到。”

坎贝尔接手的是一个处于卓越边缘但在其前任詹姆斯·富兰克林执教期间从未实现突破的项目。尼塔尼狮队在 2021 年挺进大学橄榄球季后赛半决赛，并在 2022 到 2024 年间赢得了至少 10 场比赛，但在面对最强对手时失败了。现任弗吉尼亚理工大学教练的富兰克林在 2017 年至今面对排名前六的竞争对手时战绩为 0-21。坎贝尔在同一时期的战绩为 3-3。

这种面对高水平竞争的成功，以及通过多次迭代将爱荷华州立大学打造为赢家的能力，让坎贝尔有信心在宾州州立大学也做到同样的事情。他拥有更广泛的招募基础，能接触到更多顶尖人才，以及显著更多的资源。他此前在爱荷华州立大学的球迷中享有相对强有力的支持，但尼塔尼狮队的橄榄球项目在 2025. 财年产生了近 8147 million 的收入。而旋风队的报告金额为 $51.1 million。

在每一个 Power 4 项目中，都承受着表现的压力，但坎贝尔意识到这种前-

一位教练带着 24 名球员前往快乐谷（Happy Valley），总计带了 40 名转校生。

宾州立大学（Penn State）的期望值比他在爱荷华州立大学（Iowa State）时更高。但之前在他帮助琼斯（Jones）时所采用的方法，也是他现在的依托。人们期待胜利，但对于坎贝尔（Campbell）来说，胜利根植于过程。

“我一直相信，如果我们处理好价值观、标准和期望，不可避免地，我们的球员驱动型领导力以及彼此间的承诺，不让自私介入，”坎贝尔说。“如果我们能做到这些，那么我始终相信计分板上的结果自然会水到渠成。”

坎贝尔可能将黑色的硬壳衣换成了早期的颜色，但无论他穿着什么颜色的套衫，他的信息都能引起共鸣。

“在我认识他的过去五年里，他一直没变，”贝希特（Becht）说。“他带着一种渴望加入工作的热情，力求打造出最强的球队，但这始于你作为一个人的品质。这就是他每天试图创造的东西。”

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纽约时报 讣告 星期日，August 2, 2026

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25

马丁·路德·金遇刺事件目击者克拉拉·埃斯特逝世，享年 78 岁

作者：JEIKE LONGMAN

克拉拉·埃斯特（Clara Ester）是一位平信徒牧师和民权活动家，她是马丁·路德·金（Martin Luther King Jr.）牧师博士遇刺事件中最后几位幸存的目击者之一。她于 7 月 9 日在阿拉巴马州莫比尔市去世，享年 78 岁。她的兄弟罗纳德·埃斯特（Ronald Ester）表示，她因中风并发症在医院去世。

随着埃斯特女士以及 2 月份杰西·杰克逊（Jesse Jackson）牧师的去世，被认为唯一依然在世的知名遇刺目击者是安德鲁·扬（Andrew Young）。他曾与金博士共同致力于青年和民权问题，后来成为了亚特兰大市长以及美国驻联合国大使。

1969 年 4 月，金博士来到实行种族隔离的孟菲斯市，支持 1,200 名寻求承认工会、改善安全标准和提高工资的黑人环卫工人的罢工，当时 29 岁的埃斯特女士是孟菲斯的一名大三学生。作为一名学生组织者，她参加了支持工人的游行和 picket lines（纠察线）。

4 月 2, 她在该市的梅森圣殿（Mason Temple，隶属于基督之神教会）观看金博士发表他的“我曾处于中间”演讲。几乎在临终前，他说虽然他可能无法在黑人获得完全平等和经济正义的时代生存，但他相信“我们作为一个民族，终将到达应许之地”。

4 月 4, 下午，这座城市的 1,200 名罢工者，她的父母驾驶着白色的庞蒂亚克 Troppies 汽车前往洛林旅馆（Lorraine Music），她随行带来了一位朋友罗伯特·伊顿（Robert Eaton）。埃斯特女士在 2002, 告诉《今日美国》（U.S. Today），她知道金博士在那里会面，但她当时最感兴趣的是月度晚餐特惠。

“我只是想吃点鲶鱼，”她说。

埃斯特女士在 2018 年撰写的一篇关于遇刺 50 周年的个人随笔中回忆道，当她到达现场时，金博士正在二楼的一间房外会面，房间号为 200, 并且正与停车场里认识的人交谈。

“像云雀一样快乐——笑着”

4 月，克拉拉·埃斯特在孟菲斯举行的马丁·路德·金牧师博士遇刺 50 周年纪念仪式上发表了讲话。

她在 2003 年告诉“NBC 夜间新闻”（NBC Nightly News）关于某些事情的情况。

下午 6 点刚过，她站在停车场里，抬头看着“生命中这位伟大的巨人”，埃斯特女士告诉该电视台，她听到一声像卡车回火一样的响声。那是一把高威力步枪开出的枪击声。她的眼睛没有离开金博士。她说，枪击的冲击力似乎将他抛向空中，然后又将他击落，他瘫倒在水泥走道上。

她和伊顿女士跑上楼梯来到他身边。身穿 bobby socks（短袜）的伊顿女士出现在约瑟夫·洛（Joseph Lowe）拍摄的现场标志性照片中，照片捕捉到一小群人围绕在金博士身边，其中几个人指向他们认为开枪的方向。

埃斯特女士在走道上的出现得到了 E.B.I 报告以及一些照片的证实，在照片中她被部分遮挡且仅拍到背面。

埃斯特女士回忆起为金博士检查脉搏的情况。“他还在呼吸，但非常缓慢，”她在 2018 年的随笔中写道。“我解开了他的腰带。他的眼睛睁着。”

她还呼吁通过“toad”来止血，以应对金博士面部右侧和颈部严重伤口的出血。

她写道，或许是因为他此前一直在愉快地与朋友交谈，“他的脸上带着一种极其舒适、放松的表情。”

金博士被送往孟菲斯的圣约瑟夫医院（St. Joseph's Hospital），大约一小时后被宣布死亡。随后全国爆发了民权骚乱。詹姆斯·厄尔·雷（James Earl Ray）承认对这次刺杀负责，尽管他后来撤回了供词，并于 1969 年在服刑 30 年监禁期间去世。

埃斯特女士说，金博士的去世永远地改变了她的生活。“我知道我不再是以前的那个人了，”她在 2018 年的随笔中写道。

1970年，她获得了拉瑟森-欧文斯学院（Latheson-Owens College）的小学教育学士学位，这是一所位于孟菲斯的历史性黑人学院。她不久后离开了田纳西州，在莫比尔度过了最后的 20 年左右，在那里她成为了一名平信徒传教士并经营着一家社区中心。

“这件事发生让我很痛心，但更让我痛心的是它发生在我们的故乡，因为这将成为这座城市的遗产，”她在 2018 年就马丁·路德·金博士遇刺事件告诉《The Assass' and Press》时说道。

克拉拉·杰西·埃斯特于 1948 年 2 月 17 日出生在孟菲斯。她的父亲安德森·埃斯特是一名富有的主管工人。她的母亲威利（柳）（埃伦）在社区中心从事烹饪和清洁工作。

克拉拉在她的文章中写道，她小时候感受到父母在种族主义和种族隔离面前的痛苦。“我们需要谈谈有颜色的水是Kool-Aid饮料，而白色的水仅仅是水。”

1968 年 4 月 4 日，她冲向那位遇害的民权领袖去检查他的脉搏。

“而这在孩子时期的我们看来已经足够了，”她告诉《The A.F.》。

然而，当她 7 岁时，她被迫看着母亲在火车站被斥责，因为这家人使用了指定给白人使用的洗手间和饮水机。“我从未见过有人那样对待我的母亲，”她写道，“那时我开始看到这些不公正的事。”

她的家人属于哥伦比亚百年联合循道卫理公会教堂，其牧师詹姆斯·M·劳森（James M. Lawson Jr.）被金博士描述为“世界上领先的非暴力理论家和战略家”。在金博士遇刺后，埃斯特女士——她后来告诉《今日美国》，她曾在卫生工人罢工期间成为儿童协调员——排除了将暴力作为社会变革手段的可能性，相反，她说她想要“拿起十字架并背负起它”。

“她知道自己想要帮助人们并纠正错误，”她的哥哥罗纳德·埃斯特（Ronald Ester）在接受《纽约时报》采访时说道。

除了她的哥哥，从未结婚的埃斯特女士还留下了一个儿子雷金纳德·埃斯特（Reginald Ester）。

在莫比尔，她致力于追求公正、同情与和解，成为了联合循道卫理公会的一名市区平信徒传教士，并担任一家社区中心的服务负责人。在中心里，她监管着协助贫困者、残疾人以及无家可归的母亲和儿童的计划，为寻求高中同等学历证书的学生开设了 8 门课程，并为圣诞节筹集捐款。

“没有任何一种不公正——无论是同性恋权利、移民权利还是复发问题——是我觉得没有义务去处理的，”她在 2018 年的文章中写道。“我们必须学习如何彼此相爱并共同生活。”

罗纳德·G·戴维斯，92 岁，反主流文化 Mine 剧团的艺术之魂

作者：亚历克斯·威廉姆斯 (ALEX WILLIAMS)

1966 年，一名哈佛大学的学生找到罗纳德·G·戴维斯 (Ronald G. Davis) —— 旧金山 Mine 剧团的创始人，该剧团以其对体制内所有事物的刻薄街头剧而著称 —— 询问是否可以“进入状态、开启觉醒并从大学辍学”以加入剧团。戴维斯女士警告了他。

戴维斯女士不耐烦地表示，辍学是“给流行明星准备的，而他们并不辍学，他们是接入系统然后出卖灵魂”。成员、学生查尔斯·德格尔曼 (Charles Degelman) 在最近一篇关于 Sabtuata 的文章中回忆道。

在对戴维斯女士的评价中还提到：“无论你是否处于亢奋状态，我不在乎，只要准时到达，知道你为什么在这里，并且不要忘记那场暗杀。”

他的儿子科林·戴维斯 (Colin Davis) 表示，这是在旧金山的一系列六场演出中的第一场。他 92 岁。

这种“冷漠”也许是比喻，但戴维斯女士对美国中产阶级文化这种“西方之剑”的剖析却是相当真实的。

在旧金山成为西方大国之都的时代，她在其中崛起。在以 R.G. Davis 为职业名称的戴维斯女士领导下，该剧团在当地开辟了一席之地。他们在城市公园等场所举办典型的活动，通常吸引数千名观众，探讨剧团关注的经济不平等和中产阶级的复杂性 —— 有时这甚至使成员面临法律风险。

从 1938 年剧团成立起一直担任艺术总监直到 1976 年的戴维斯女士，在最终加入并成为艺术演员和音乐家的德格尔曼先生看来是这样说的：“我们投入。我们参与。我们呼吸公园的新鲜空气并举办免费演出。我们选择阻力最大的道路。我们与体制抗争。”

凭借这种隐藏且DIY（自己动手）的特质，该团体不乏未来的名流，其中包括后来获得艾美奖的演员彼得·考尤特 (Peter Coyote)；极具影响力的墨西哥裔美国剧团 El Teatro Campanlan 的创始人路易斯·瓦尔德斯 (Luis Valdez)，他同时也执导了 1947 年关于 Richie Valens-Sugar 的《La Bandia》；极简主义作曲家史蒂夫·莱希 (Steve Reich) 以及左翼纪录片导演索尔·兰道 (Saul Landau)。

旧金山 Mine 剧团最终孕育了“挖掘者”(Diggers)，这是一个由考尤特先生协助创建的社区行动团体，为海特-阿德拉尼 (Haight-Adelany) 场景的居民提供免费物资和医疗护理。

一张 1967 年的旧金山 Mine 剧团海报。戴维斯女士自豪地无视城市条例，坚持举办公开演出。

后来成为摇滚推广巨头的比尔·格雷厄姆 (Bill Graham) 职业生涯始于担任该剧团的商务经理，组织了数场演出，其中甚至包括了考尤特之首 (Coyote Head)、杰斐逊飞机 (Jefferson Airplane) 和 Quickshow Messenger Service 等演出。

戴维斯女士曾在巴黎师从埃莉诺·德克雷斯 (Eleanor Decrase)，后者是马塞尔·马罗 (Marcel Marroach) 的核心教师之一，并以现代法国笔记的作者而闻名 —— 或者像戴维斯女士用法语发音那样称其为“tomes”。但在戴维斯女士的带领下，旧金山剧团摆脱了早期的晚餐会形式；它生动地运用对话，将伯尼·布莱希特 (Bernie Brecht) 的繁荣（母体）与莱尼·布劳恩 (Lenny Braun) 的挑衅（病态）融合在一起。

其结果是一种尖锐的政治化竞争形式，其领导者以其标志性的、宽泛的喜剧风格和接地气的问题而闻名。

1985 年 8 月，该剧团在金门公园上演了计划中的几场演出之三，这是一部对 16 世纪意大利英雄 Glandane Brand 的大胆重新诠释：《El Glandano》（《土地制造者》）。在听说该剧包含关于当代性行为的露骨内容后，市娱乐与公园部门领导层称该制作属于“淫秽伙伴关系”，决定撤销允许剧团在公园演出的许可。

戴维斯女士随后在 La Toyota 公园举办了另一场演出。在开始之前，他戴上面具并对人群说道：“今天，为了让各位欣赏，我们将上演一次逮捕，”这位空灵的 FoundO 说道。

1978年的Ronald G. Davis。他在1960年写了一篇名为《游击剧场》（Guerrilla Theatre）的宣言，在其中表达了他的信念，即表演应该“走向人们所在的地方——街角、空地或公园”。

他们来了。

而且他们确实这么做了。

当Davis女士因在没有许可证的情况下在公园表演而被判处一年缓刑时，他抗议道：“我认为言论自由的问题没有得到考虑。这简直像是在一个铁幕国家！”

他通过1985年的作品《一场举止秀，或桶中的上帝权利》（A Manner Show, or God Rights in a Cratent Barrel）创造了一股更大的力量，该剧由Gary David和Landau先生创作。这是一部对能力之讽刺的剧作，其中以黑脸出演的白人角色为特色：R.G. Davis在他1975年的著作《星辰呈现我的剧团：前10年》（The Star Presents Mine Troupe: The First 10 Years）中回忆道，其重点在于“通过揭露那些刻板印象、陈词滥调、谣言以及那种汤姆叔叔式的胡言乱语，直接切入种族主义问题——我们以及其他所有人的种族主义问题”。

在与媒体的全国巡演中，该团体遇到了问题并多次被捕。对于Davis女士来说，法律纠纷仅仅是动摇权力结构这一总体使命的一部分。

他写道：“这场全国性的演出，展现了那些被忽视的碎片，而这些碎片来自虚无。”

Ronald Guy Davis是三个男孩中的 youngest，1933年7月8日出生于布鲁克林。他的父亲Herman Davis拥有一家生产儿童内衣的工厂，他的母亲是Marley (Laver) Davis。

在新墨西哥大学，他获得了经济学学士学位，并对现代舞产生了课外兴趣。1965年毕业后，他移居纽约，他对舞蹈的研究最终引导他产生了对戏剧的兴趣。凭借富布赖特奖学金，他在巴黎学习。

到1950年代末，他定居在旧金山，并担任Inter's Workshop的副导演。他回忆说，这家公司是“进步的、自由派的”，这是他在2022年参加马克思主义杂志《共识》（Consensus）播客时提到的。它打开了“局限”，并出发去追求一个更具激进政治色彩的愿景。

在他1966年的宣言《游击剧场》中，他写道，他决定“走向人们所在的地方——街角、空地或公园”。

进入1970年代，Davis女士发现自己与剧团其他成员的矛盾日益增加，其中许多人比他年轻20岁，且在他看来，这些人开始更多地关注身份政治，而非他所认为的更广泛的文化和经济问题。

随着其他成员开始游说，希望用集体决策方式取代Davis女士作为领导者的权威，他在1973年离开了该剧团。在随后的几十年里，该团体继续演变，期间获得了一项区域剧院托尼奖和多次OBA奖。

在离开后，Davis女士在芝加哥的哥伦比亚学院创建了一个马克思主义戏剧系，随后在加利福尼亚州伯克利创办了Eyle West，一个英国研究中心。在里根时代的文化浪潮冲击下，他将注意力转向了环境倡导，包括多次尝试将“极左”政治与环保主义相结合。在1982年，他在加州大学戴维斯分校启动了一个民主或生态美学项目。

一位引导了对美国军国主义、种族主义和资产阶级价值观进行尖锐讽刺的戏剧人。

“他的三次婚姻——与Sally Alvord、Judy North和Robin Baker——均以离婚告终。除了第三次婚姻所生的儿子，Davis女士没有其他直系亲属。”

无论他在戏剧中的手法多么犀利，Davis女士对国家剧团的愿景都需要一种微妙的平衡。

他在其主篇中写道：“如果内容过于直接，艺术就会过于稚嫩，就像今天的报纸一样，明天就会被扔进垃圾桶。如果你想设计合成的或学术视角的暗示，公众将拒绝观看，因为他们的思维已被电视和枯燥的工作所驯化。”

他补充道：“愚蠢，是只有商业才能承受的奢侈品。”

戴维斯女士（右侧身着白色衣服），1965年被捕后。他被指控在没有许可证的情况下在公园内表演。“我认为当时并没有考虑到言论自由的问题，”他当时说道。

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纽约时报 讣告 2026年8月2日，星期日

大卫·赫希，81 岁去世；将索诺玛海岸打造为顶级葡萄酒产区

作者：埃里克·阿索尼奥 (ERIC ASONIO)

大卫·赫希 (David Hirsch) 周二在加利福尼亚州圣罗莎市去世，享年 81 岁。他是最早在加利福尼亚州风力强劲的高地索诺玛海岸种植酿酒葡萄的人之一，激发了人们对该地区的兴趣，使其成为了美国最伟大的葡萄酒产区之一。他 81 岁。

其家人表示，他在医院因呼吸衰竭去世。

赫希先生并非首位在索诺玛海岸种植葡萄的人。但他的葡萄园最终涵盖了 17 英亩的松树和草莓地，在超过 1,000 英亩的地产上被划分为二十多个区块，这激发了年轻且富有天赋的生产者的想象力。

起初，赫希先生将他的葡萄出售给将其用于匿名索诺玛混酿酒的公司。但在 20 世纪 90 年代初，像 Williams Selyven 的巴特·麦克马洪 (Bart McMahon) 和埃德·斯奈德 (Ed Snyder)、Littoral 的特德·莱蒙 (Ted Lemon) 以及 Kistler Vineyards 的史蒂夫·基斯特勒 (Steve Kistler) 等充满活力的生产者被赫希先生的工作所吸引。

“这里就是理想之地。没有电，没有房子，而且价格极其便宜。”

这些生产者每一个人都致力于打造以 Hirsch Vineyards 品牌命名的葡萄酒，这些酒在确立索诺玛海岸在消费者心目中种植黑皮诺 (pinots) 和霞多丽 (chardonnays) 的名声方面起到了关键作用。赫希先生最终开始生产自己的葡萄酒，但他从未停止向其他酿酒师出售葡萄。

由 Hirsch Vineyards 葡萄酿造的葡萄酒极具特色，既稳重又活泼，带有优雅的、略带草本气息的水果风味。

“坚实的结构一直是赫希的标志，”来自 Littoral 的莱蒙先生在接受《纽约时报》采访时评价道。“它有一种狂野的草本特性，带有鼠尾草和咸鲜味，且酸度良好。”

1975 年，当赫希先生在索诺玛海岸买下第一块土地（一个 700 英亩的旧羊牧场）时，土地既便宜又充足。崎岖的海岸线绵延超过 4 英里，边缘仅有几个偏僻的小镇，这对许多“回归自然”的人很有吸引力，他们开始将拖拉机和苹果园转变为葡萄园。

赫希先生于 1996 年种植了首批两英亩的葡萄，当时一名热爱葡萄酒的朋友在旁边协助，他后来回忆道，那人告诉他：“在这里种些松树，如果你愿意，这里可以变成一个无价的葡萄园。”

不久后，他在原有的地块中增加了更多种植，他将其称为“老葡萄园” (Old Vineyard)。不久，更多的潜在种植者开始来到海岸。

吸引他们的是酿造顶级葡萄酒的潜力，而非利润。海岸上的种植者们在丰收年也只能艰难地获得每英亩 1.5 到 2 吨的葡萄产量，与纳帕谷谷底的农民相比简直微不足道，后者每英亩可指望获得 4 到 5 吨甚至更多。

在早年，索诺玛海岸的种植者很大程度上处于脱离电网的状态。许多人必须自行发电和抽水。损坏的机械可能会放置数日等待维修，如果需要订购零件，时间甚至更长。

但酿出的酒非常出色，赫希先生及其同行的农民很快吸引了其他人加入。到 2005 年，他在海岸上的邻居包括安纳波利斯附近的 Pony Vineyards，以及卡纳多尔附近的 Marselette、Flowers、Flake 和 Fort Rose Vineyards；Rivers-Marie 的托马斯·里弗斯·布朗 (Thomas Rivers Brown) 以及 Cobb Waters 等众多人士。

随着对土地需求的增加，其价值也随之上升。“我们在老葡萄园每英亩花费了 $3,000 或 $4,000，”赫希先生在 2005 年回忆道，“这在今天甚至不够办理手续费。”

到 2006 年，赫希先生决定，为了能如此透彻地理解葡萄园的复杂性并理顺自己的耕作决策，他必须也酿造自己的酒。他在 2002 年建立了一家酿酒厂，并开始以 Hirsch Vineyards 标签销售。

2014 年，在一次严重的拖拉机事故后，赫希先生开始使用轮椅。但他依然继续在葡萄园和酿酒厂工作。

大卫·迈克尔·赫希 (David Michael Hirsch) 于 9 月 2, 1916 年出生在布朗克斯，父母是乔治·赫希 (George Hirsch) 和马克·奥克斯纳·赫希 (Mark Ochsner Hirsch)，他们从事的是罕见的银行相关业务。

尽管大卫获得了哥伦比亚大学的年度奖学金，但他一年后就离开了。他前往美国各地完成学业，最后来到了阿拉斯加，在那里做了两年的铁路工人，随后前往明尼苏达州的杜鲁斯，在那里从事将汽车运往伐木厂的船运工作。

“我曾是一个浪迹天涯的人，”他在 2018 年接受 Levi Daimelt 的葡萄酒播客《I'll Drink to That》采访时回忆道，“这让我接触到了自然之美、壮丽之景以及各种趣事。”

他被加利福尼亚州吸引，并于 1990 年在圣克鲁斯定居，不过他仍继续旅行。在一次墨西哥之旅中，他和当时的女友购买了手工艺品、陶器和珠宝，并同时进行销售。不久之后，他进入了批发行业，买卖来自世界各地的民间艺术品和服装。

尽管他关注客户，但希尔什先生曾是 60 年代的孩子，一名坚定的嬉皮士追随者。他后来回忆说，到 70 年代中期，他开始感到幻灭，认为圣克鲁斯正变得日益物质化和平庸。

“60 年代的嬉皮士变成了 70 年代的‘嘻皮迷’（hip-mist）——即波希米亚人，”他在 Daimelt 先生的播客中如此描述。他开始寻找属于自己的土地，在爱达荷州、俄勒冈州和北加州搜寻。最终，他在靠近卡纳多雷镇的索诺玛海岸看到了一座旧牧场，那里距离金门大桥两小时车程，位于距离海洋 1,300 英尺高的山脊上，

且地处 19 世纪的俄罗斯定居点 Fort Rose 的内陆方向。

“就是这里了，”他说，“没有电，没有房子，而且极其便宜，几乎没有价值。”

大卫·希尔什在 2009 年将他的地方称为他的“旧葡萄园”（Old Vineyard）。他在 1978 年在索诺玛海岸购买了第一块土地。

希尔什的地产曾是一座位于海上的旧羊牧场，距离金门大桥两小时车程。随后，希尔什先生在 2002 年建立了自己的酿酒厂，且 Littoral 使用了希尔什的葡萄。

他的女儿贾斯敏·希尔什于 2009 年加入家族企业，现任总经理兼酿酒师。

他的遗属包括：杰西卡·希尔什（他与第一任妻子 Rebecca Baldissimaki 所生的另一名女儿）；约瑟夫·希尔什（他与第二任妻子 Elizabeth Gladstone 所生的儿子）；他的妻子玛丽·希尔什；他的四个兄弟姐妹亚当、丹尼尔、苏珊和贝蒂·希尔什；以及两个孙辈。

虽然希尔什先生最初在索诺玛并没有种植葡萄的意图，但他已经爱上了葡萄酒。在前往巴黎的出差期间，他接触到了顶级葡萄酒，尤其是被勃艮第的黑皮诺（pinots）和霞多丽（chardonnays）所吸引。

在完成法国首都的业务后，他会前往勃艮第，拜访像 Demonte de la Bernarde-Court 的 Aubert de Vif-laire 和 Louis Latour 这样的名人们。他发现自己不仅被这些葡萄酒吸引，也被勃艮第的生活方式所吸引：随和，且注重社区以及分享美食与美酒。

“在那些日子里，勃艮第还没有变成一个‘问题’，”他在 Daimelt 先生的播客中说道，“人们并不收藏这些酒，酿酒师们也没有被神话。人们买酒是为了饮用和分享。勃艮第的体验让我感到兴奋，我想成为其中一部分。”

在勃艮第的时光塑造了他对索诺玛海岸那块土地的野心。到 1981 年，他放弃了服装生意，全职从事葡萄种植。虽然许多成功人士将葡萄酒视为第二艺术，但很少有人能像希尔什先生那样展现出如此深沉的投入。

“我的灵感，”他说，“是创造一个超脱的社区，一个综合的、自给自足的社区，能够抵御分析式和物质主义生活方式所带来的陷阱。”

莉莉·横井，96，曾在马戏团和电视节目中骑金色单车令人惊叹的杂技演员

作者：理查德·萨沃尼奥 (RICHARD SAVONIO)

莉莉·横井 (Lilly Yokoi) 是一位大胆的骑行者，她通过家族表演掌握了平衡球、半体操技巧，随后独立在马戏团和剧院、电视节目以及哈莱姆之球星队 (Harlem Globenetters) 的中场休息期间，骑着她的金色面板自行车在高处进行表演。她于5月 11 在东京去世，享年 96。

她的女儿莫妮卡·横井 (Monica Yokoi) 确认了她在医院去世的消息。当时此事并未被广泛报道。

莉莉·横井在所有其他技巧骑行者结束的地方开始了她的表演。曾于 1962, 年在伦敦西区 (Landscots West End) 为其家族马戏团雇佣横井家族的西里尔·伯内特·米尔斯 (Cyril Bernate Mills) 曾写道：“她从指尖到整体都极具艺术感，她的伙伴们表现出色，她的笑容极具感染力，观众在第一分钟就被她吸引了。”

横井女士的技巧需要极高的平衡能力和灵巧度。她在行驶中的自行车的把手上做倒立，并像体操运动员在鞍马上一样，在车身长度上重复地摆动身体。

她表演前轮翘起并让自己旋转。在压力下，她通过拆除把手和指印将两轮车变成了单轮车，然后站起来，一只脚放在车座上，另一只脚放在把手上，双臂举向空中。她还会后退，但身体靠在把手上，在车座上扭动。结束时，她以一个跳车的动作脱离自行车。

埃이브·萨佩斯坦 (Abe Saperstein) 是球星队 (Globenetters) 的经纪人，这支表演篮球队因其高质量的喜剧风格表演而闻名。他对此印象极其深刻，以至于在 1987 称赞横井女士是“我们接待过的最伟大的表演者”。

在 20 世纪 60 年代初，横井女士做出了一个永远定义她形象的决定。她委托瑞士艺术骑行者阿诺德·措普 (Arnold Tschopp) 定制了一辆新自行车。她想要的不仅仅是性能——她还要求将其镀金。（这辆自行车目前在 西班牙 贝塞尔斯 (Bessels) 的马戏团之地 (Circusland) 展出。）

她的技巧需要极高的平衡能力和灵巧度。

从那时起，她被广泛地称为“金色单车上的芭蕾舞者”。

但这并非全是光鲜亮丽。莫妮卡·横井在一次采访中说，她母亲的杂技表演带来了痛苦，其中包括肌肉劳损和神经受压等问题。

“这不是她想要的生活，”她说。“她觉得自己在某种程度上必须支撑家庭，并且不希望我经历同样的生活。她并不快乐。”

莫妮卡·横井现在是一名理疗师（她致力于）帮助人们发挥最佳水平并尽可能长时间地避免受伤。

“我希望我能帮助我的母亲，”她说。

横井女士于 Nov. 15, 1920, 出生在纽约市，但孩童时期随家人搬到了日本。她的父亲艾林 (Erin) 和母亲瑠衣 (Rui) 也是自行车杂技演员，横井女士是他们孩子中这些技巧的主要教师。

当莉莉后来被宾夕法尼亚州哈里斯堡的《爱国者新闻》(The Patriot News) 问及她和兄弟姐妹是否是为了商业而接受培养时，她回答道：“哦，不！我父亲教我们骑自行车是为了保持健康。我们大约在 3 岁时就开始学习——除了金子 (Kinsko)，她是manager。她在 18 个月大时就骑上了第一辆自行车。”

横井女士的女儿表示，团体表演“是家庭在战争时期的日本生存的一种方式。由于她的父亲在寻找演出机会时过于激进，所以她被派往不同的地方询问对方是否对表演感兴趣。”

横井家族剧团 (The Yokoi Family Troupe)——多年来包括五姐妹和一个兄弟——经常随汉赛尔-莫雷诺马戏团 (Hansel-Moreno Circus) 在美国巡演。

1974, 年马戏团抵达孟菲斯时，《孟菲斯新闻》 (The Memphis Press-Summer) 在评论他们的演出时写道，横井家族“在单个画廊中获得的奖金，比大多数人在正宗的 Main 和 Madison 街上辛苦赚钱的人要多。”

1977年的横井女士。她通过拆掉把手和前轮，将她的两轮车变成了单轮车。右图为1980年的横井女士。这并非全是光鲜，她的杂技表演也带来了痛苦。

在近 20 年的独立表演生涯中，横井女士曾在无线电城音乐厅、伦敦帕拉丁剧院和巴黎的 Lulu 等主要场所演出。她是美国和欧洲马戏团的重要指导；出演过《艾德·萨利文与他的嘉宾》(The Ed Sulls and Short) 和《好莱坞宫殿》(The Hollywood Palace) 等电视节目；在拉斯维加斯的酒店演出，并出演了 1960 年的马戏电影《世界之王》(Kings Around the World)，并在 1970 年代后期回到 Globenetters 工作。

她于 1962 年退休，并在东京度过了余生。

1955, 她嫁给了同为杂技演员的罗兰·约翰逊 (Roland Johansson)，这位瑞典人因其单指倒立而被称为“伟大的台球手”。他还成为了横井女士的经纪人，并在 1968 年与她共同演出。这段婚姻最终以离婚告终。

除女儿外，横井女士还留下了两个孙辈和两个曾孙辈。

1958, 横井女士在林登的一座公园里被拍到，当时她正骑着那辆由自行车改装的单轮车，一只手举着一个轮子，另一只手拿着把手。

“达菲，这篇文章可以称其为‘骑自行车的东方芭蕾舞女郎’莉莉·横井，”小报《达菲速写》(The Duffy Sketch) 写道：“她只需简单地将自行车拆开，就能笑着从任何困境中脱身。”

---

纽约时报 讣告版 周日，8月 2, 2026

11

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死亡人数

BAL-DIMEN - 贫血，70% 的人口。纽约人死亡人数在 July 31, 2026, 达到 54.7 million，在 1,000,000, 1,000,000 和 1,000,000 的人口中，分别发现了 10 月和 3 月缺失单位的情况。

EVANS - Las Grimas, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker

FORTY-LOW-JEFFRE

Jennett & Fawcett, 纽约时报 前任总裁，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员

GREENE - Ames, 来自纽约的一个大型地点，以及 Fawcett, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker

死亡人数

Bert, 成立于 1933, 曾是 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员，以及 纽约时报 成员

GREENE - Ames,

of a large, large, and large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

GREENE - Ames, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报,

and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and the 纽约时报, and

讣告

挚爱的，祖父和孙辈，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及

THE LEARN - Heather Gutter，一位伟大、卓越、著名且著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的

THE LEARN - Heather Gutter，一位伟大、卓越、著名且著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的

LEVINE - Martin Hittler，一位伟大、卓越、著名且著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的

LEVINE - Martin Hittler，一位伟大、卓越、著名且著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的

讣告

Bastons, Russell Eccels, a great Eccels, Arnold Eccels, Earl Harris, John Eccels, William

Lions, Barker Schwartz, Willow Schaff, Barker Wessman, Jett

少了 20 年，并发生在 1,000 年且 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1,000 年，以及 1

ANSPIC - Andrew

Jennett, 一个伟大的、杰出的、著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的，以及著名的

纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，

以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约

纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约

ROBERTS - Bill Marbert, Jr., 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

Deaths

WARM - Andrew, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，

and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，

and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the 纽约时报，and the New

LAVA - Barker, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

SCHWARZ - Allison, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

WARM - Alexander, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

[!NOTE] 本章节源文包含大量外语数据与图片版面，已进行结构化对齐优化。

讣告

WARRANT - J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

SMITH - Elsmith, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及

GREENE - Jerr S., CFPB, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，

以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约

以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及

WARRANT - Jerr S., CFPB, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

讣告

Stevens, 第1, 第2, 第3, 第4, 第5, 第6, 第7, 第8, 第9, 第10, 第11, 第12, 第13, 第14, 第15, 第16, 第17, 第18, 第19, 第20, 第21, 第22, 第23, 第24, 第25, 第26, 第27, 第28, 第29, 第30, 第31, 第32, 第33, 第34, 第35, 第36, 第37, 第38, 第39, 第40, 第41, 第42, 第43, 第44, 第45, 第46, 第47, 第48, 第49, 第50, 第51, 第52, 第53, 第54, 第55, 第56, 第57, 第58, 第59, 第60, 第61, 第62, 第63, 第64, 第65, 第66, 第67, 第68, 第69, 第70, 第71, 第72, 第73, 第74, 第75, 第76, 第77, 第78, 第79, 第80, 第81, 第82, 第83, 第84, 第85, 第86, 第87, 第88, 第89, 第90, 第91, 第92, 第93, 第94, 第95, 第96, 第97, 第98, 第99, 第100

无切除

ACKERMAN - Martin S., CFPB, 1980, 第2, 第3, 第4, 第5, 第6, 第7, 第8, 第9, 第10, 第11, 第12, 第13, 第14, 第15, 第16, 第17, 第18, 第19, 第20, 第21, 第22, 第23, 第24, 第25, 第26, 第27, 第28, 第29, 第30, 第31, 第32, 第33, 第34, 第35, 第36, 第37, 第38, 第39, 第40, 第41, 第42, 第43, 第44, 第45, 第46, 第47, 第48, 第49, 第50, 第51, 第52, 第53, 第54, 第55, 第56, 第57, 第58, 第59, 第60, 第61, 第62, 第63, 第64, 第65, 第66, 第67, 第68, 第69, 第70, 第71, 第72, 第73, 第74, 第75, 第76, 第77, 第78, 第79, 第80, 第81, 第82, 第83, 第84, 第85, 第86, 第87, 第88, 第89, 第90, 第91, 第92, 第93, 第94, 第95, 第96, 第97, 第98, 第99

REVISION - David Malcolm, CFPB, 1980, 第2, 第3, 第4, 第5, 第6, 第7, 第8, 第9, 第10, 第11, 第12, 第13, 第14, 第15, 第16, 第17, 第18, 第19, 第20, 第21, 第22, 第23, 第24, 第25, 第26, 第27, 第28, 第29, 第30, 第31, 第32, 第33, 第34, 第35, 第36, 第37, 第38, 第39, 第40, 第41, 第42, 第43, 第44, 第45, 第46, 第47, 第48, 第49, 第50, 第51, 第52, 第53, 第54, 第55, 第56, 第57, 第58, 第59, 第60, 第61, 第62, 第63, 第64, 第65, 第66, 第67, 第68, 第69, 第70, 第71, 第72, 第73, 第74, 第75, 第76, 第77, 第78, 第79, 第80, 第81, 第82, 第83, 第84, 第85, 第86, 第87, 第88, 第89, 第90, 第91, 第92, 第93, 第94, 第95, 第96, 第97, 第98, 第99

CONFIDENCE OF CATHOLINE - 纽约时报, 1980, 第2, 第3, 第4, 第5, 第6, 第7, 第8, 第9, 第10, 第11, 第12, 第13, 第14, 第15, 第16, 第17, 第18, 第19, 第20, 第21, 第22, 第23, 第24, 第25, 第26, 第27, 第28, 第29, 第30, 第31, 第32, 第33, 第34, 第35, 第36, 第37, 第38, 第39, 第40, 第41, 第42, 第43, 第44, 第45, 第46, 第47, 第48, 第49, 第50, 第51, 第52, 第53, 第54, 第55, 第56, 第57, 第58, 第59, 第60, 第61, 第62, 第63, 第64, 第65, 第66, 第67, 第68, 第69, 第70, 第71, 第72, 第73, 第74, 第75, 第76, 第77, 第78, 第79, 第80, 第81, 第82, 第83, 第84, 第85, 第86, 第87, 第88, 第89, 第90, 第91, 第92, 第93, 第94, 第95, 第96, 第97, 第98, 第99

在我们的 版面上 纪念您 挚爱的人。

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1. 2017年1月1日

纽约时报

纽约时报

纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，以及纽约时报，

纪念

在纽约时报。

如欲在这些版面上纪念您的挚爱，请联系我们。

nytimes@classifiedsplus.com 1-800-458-5522

来源: https: / www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu / docs / ymjx0017

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28

H

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

毫无新意。

相同的原料。相同的配方。 现已获得 Non-UPF 验证™。

经过慎重考虑和广泛的第三方评审，我们自豪地确认 Simple Mills® 没有任何改变。

唯一的新变化是 Non-UPF Verified™ 标志。独立证明，就在包装盒上。

在“非超加工”成为一个概念之前，我们就一直以这种方式制造食品。

但现在终于有一个正式的名称，这感觉很好。

Non-UPF Verified™ 适用于选定的 Simple Mills 产品。完整列表请见 simplemills.com / nonupf

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观点 / 人物

2026年8月2日，星期日

4 古典

一部关于跨性别先驱生活的歌剧“现在比以往任何时候都更具现实意义”。作者：MAX KELLER

7 电视

汉娜·瓦丁汉姆在《泰德·拉索》中冷酷无情。但在镜头外，她是个“相当憨傻的小家伙”。作者：ELEANOR STANFORD

8 电影

约翰·莱古伊萨莫谈他在《奥德赛》中的角色，包括与小狗在一起的场景。作者：RYLE BUCHANAN

9 艺术

扎哈·哈迪德的一部定义职业生涯的遗作建筑工程揭幕。作者：JOSEPH SCHWENKEL

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2 AR

纽约时报，星期日，2020年8月2日

文化内页

本周来自 ARTUULUS

本期内容

大多数足尖鞋和芭蕾舞鞋都采用淡粉色制造。但纽约市芭蕾舞团的剧目需要多种色调。蒂姆·福斯特作为该团首位全职舞鞋着色师，在林肯中心的微小工作室中，每季需要对数百只鞋进行喷涂和处理。这是一门精细的艺术。“必须准确无误，”福斯特说，“因为那是他们神圣的工具。” 第 5 页

流媒体

《奥德赛》及其他作品之前

作者：JASON T. BAILEY

克里斯托弗·诺兰的仰慕者将在 Hulu 上发现大量他的作品：观看《记忆碎片》，一部以反向叙事呈现的创新悬疑片；太空史诗《星际穿越》，由马修·麦康纳倾情演绎；以及更多作品。

《记忆碎片》 (2000)

克里斯托弗·诺兰的第二部长片——也是他的第一个大热作品——是一部构造精巧、如发条玩具般精准的电影，它将一个相当简单的承诺转化为纯粹的快感：一名患有短期记忆缺失症的男子（盖伊·皮尔斯 饰）试图查明妻子被杀的真相。但诺兰在叙事上增加了一种风格化的点缀，采用反向时间顺序呈现，使得在每个新场景中，观众对主角身上发生的事情都感到不确定。凭借简洁的风格和一群顶尖的性格演员（包括乔·帕雷沙诺、柯蒂斯-安妮·莫斯和斯蒂芬·切洛夫斯基），《记忆碎片》是一部极具创意的悬疑片，在表面之下蕴含着浓浓的忧郁。

《致命魔术》 (2006)

在执导第一部和第二部蝙蝠侠电影之间，导演克里斯托弗·诺兰转向了这部充满转折、风格时尚的“障眼法”电影实验，仿佛在向其突破之作《记忆碎片》的粉丝们证明，他依然擅长那些旧把戏。而这一次，把戏是字面意义上的。在《致命魔术》中，诺兰讲述了 2006 年伦敦两名舞台魔术师的故事：他们之间友好的竞争最初演变为吹嘘，随后演变为致命的冲突。休·杰克曼和克里斯蒂安·贝尔在主演角色中精准地地算计与共谋；出色的配角阵容包括迈克尔·凯恩、斯嘉丽·约翰逊、丽贝卡·霍尔和大卫·鲍伊。（如果您喜欢阴郁的惊悚片，请观看《黑天鹅》或《Presence》。）

《黑豹》 (2018)

《黑豹》被认为是迄今为止最优秀的漫威电影，它虽然在形式上依附于自己的电影宇宙，但同时也超越了当代商业大片的局限。导演瑞安·库格勒（《罪人》、《奎朵》）凭借其深植于 Abolhuration 美学的丰富视觉模版，应当获得大部分赞誉。而在基里蒙格这个角色中（由迈克尔·B·乔丹以兼具威胁感与苍白感的演技诠释），库格勒为我们提供了一个真正强大且复杂反派。其规格之高，画布之宏大，冲突与高潮都具有真正的分量。但它同时也是传统且优秀的娱乐作品，既借鉴了 Band 和 Hospitalation，也借鉴了同时期的漫画作品。（想要更多漫威动作片，请观看《钢铁侠》和《美国队长：美国队长》之《美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：美国队长：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《星际穿越》(2014)

当克里斯托弗·诺兰执导一部太空史诗时，你可以肯定它绝不仅仅是一部太空史诗。他 2014 年的这部大片不单纯是科幻小说；根据我们评论家的说法，这是一次“由悲伤、恐惧和遗憾驱动的、波澜壮阔的未来主义冒险”。马修·麦康纳饰演一名被派遣去执行复杂外星通信任务的宇航员，贡献了他迄今为止最细腻的表演之一；而安妮·海瑟薇则将一个可能平淡无味的配角角色，演成了令人心碎的遗憾画像。

《妈妈咪呀！》(2008)

这部在百老汇长期上演的 jukebox 音乐剧（以瑞典流行组合 Abba 的音乐为特色）在纽约人眼中多少像个笑话，是百老汇在不遗余力追求游客消费方面走到极端的一个典型例子。但这部热门改编电影（同样由菲利达·劳埃德执导）却完全令人无法抗拒，它提供了一种奇特但不可替代的快感：看着像梅丽尔·斯特里普、斯特凡·斯卡斯加德和阿曼达·赛弗里德这样重量级的演员沉浸在他们内心的剧场情结中。这部电影如此成功，以至于大多数主演在十年后回归出演了《妈妈咪呀！Here We Go Again》（同样在 Hulu 上线）。虽然这部续集在轻快愉悦感上无法完全比肩原作，但它确实增加了深度，这并非毫无意义。

排队清单 (THE QUEUE)

我是为《纽约时报》驻伦敦的突发新闻记者。在提交完当天的最后一篇报道后，我一定会花一些时间让自己完全脱离新闻循环。以下是近期为我带来快乐的五件事。 120 SAVOS

《传教士之女》专辑

我最近沉迷于哥特主题文化。从欣赏建筑到阅读阴森的维多利亚时代小说，我乐在其中。说到音乐，没有人比南方哥特美学的女王埃塞尔·凯恩（Ethel Cain）做得更出色了。她的 2022 年专辑《传教士之女》（Preacher's Daughter）叙述了一个设定在阿拉巴马州的完整虚构宇宙。我今年 6 月在巴塞罗那看了她的演出。

埃塞尔·凯恩今年的演出。

开放日建筑节

每年九月，作为一场壮观的全市建筑盛会的一部分，伦敦数百处封闭的建筑瑰宝——从不起眼的公寓到运行中的发电站——都会向公众开放。每年夏季此时，我都会设置提醒来预订我的门票，因为最抢手的建筑名额在几周前就会被订满。

“在 80 年代遇见我”音乐

一名 Gap 前员工花费数年时间，细致地追踪了该零售商 1990 年代在美国门店播放的每一张合辑专辑，并创建了这个让我停不下来的 Spotify 播放列表。这些曲目听起来就像是总部为了说服顾客购买合身牛仔裤而精心挑选的。完美的减压音乐。

《亲爱的英格兰》剧集 / 电视

这部 BBC 电视剧最初是一部关于英格兰男足国家队主教练的戏剧。这通常不是我会感兴趣的东西，但它让我大为震撼。是的，它关于体育。但它也关于每隔几个夏天，当球队参赛时，笼罩在英格兰之上的那种国家级心理剧。

国家剧院的《亲爱的英格兰》。

《FIFI O BLAENAU》电影

我的新闻事业始于威尔士，所以我对任何威尔士相关的事物都情有独钟。这部电影讲述了埃菲的故事，她是一个来自偏远西北部前板岩之都的年轻女性。全片使用威尔士语，是该语言惊人文化复兴的一部分。

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纽约时报，周日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

A8 3

头条

我的十

威尔·波特知道一些很棒的餐厅

威尔·波特曾从两个方面审视过阿片类药物流行问题——在 2021 年 Hulu 系列剧《多帕病》(Dopesick) 中，他饰演一名推销新药 Oxy-Contin 的制药代表；而现在，在 8 月 14 日上映的电影《联合县》(Union County) 中，他则饰演一名在俄亥俄州农村地区参加州政府强制康复计划的成瘾者。波特住在伦敦，但最近在新泽西州拍摄了由亚当·德赖弗主演的 Netflix 绑架惊悚片《兔子，兔子》(Rabbit, Rabbit)。今年早些时候，他还出演了布茨·赖利执导的电影《我爱助推器》(I Love Boosters)。不过，他认为 FX 剧集《熊店》(The Bear) 改变了他的生活，他在剧中饰演一名来自哥本哈根的糕点师。“我一直说，如果我不做演员，我会很想去上厨艺学校，尝试成为一名厨师，”波特在一次视频通话中说道。以下是对话的编辑摘录。

凯瑟琳·沙夫塔克

1 圣莫尼卡的 Seline 和 Pospili

这两家餐厅都属于戴夫·博兰，我在准备《熊店》时有机会在他门下训练。最近几周，他获得了詹姆斯·比尔德奖的“最佳厨师：加利福尼亚州”奖，并且 Seline 餐厅获得了他的首颗米其林星。

2 反欺凌计划

他们是一个总部设在英国的优秀组织，但他们的计划在国际上可用且正在扩展。他们对待欺凌的方式不是治疗或反应性的，而是通过一个同伴互助指导计划来进行预防。他们培训年轻人，在学校内创造一个更友善、更安全、更快乐、更有意识的社交环境。

3 威尔·吉达拉的《不合理的款待》(Unreasonable Hospitality)

我有机会与威尔 [Eleven Madison Park 的前所有者] 合作，他的哲学令人赞叹。我向每个人推荐《不合理的款待》，并非因为这要求你对我们所认知的款待业感兴趣，而是因为这些原则几乎可以应用于你生活中的每一种关系。它真正强调了细小举措和随机善举的力量。

4 柯特西·斯托勒

她的哥哥克里斯·斯托勒是《熊店》的节目统筹，而柯特西实际上是饮食主管，因此负责着可能是最重要的角色。她是我人生中第一套专业厨具的购买者——那是一套几乎专门用于制作法式欧姆蛋的厨具。她值得获得赞誉。

5 城市收获 (City Harvest)

他们从事食物回收业务，确保过剩的食物被重新分配给面临粮食短缺的人群。你可以志愿在他们位于纽约的设施中提供帮助。

“《光谱上的恋爱》(Love on the Spectrum) 的演员们重新坚定了我对人性的信念，让我为成为人类而感到自豪。”

6 西村的 Sip & Guzzie

这是一家在纽约非常、非常特别的酒吧，提供非常、非常美味的食物。他们的团队体现了款待的最高标准，让人们感到舒适。鸡尾酒非常棒，食物绝对是人间美味。在楼上，你会感觉自己在一家美国小酒馆；而当你走到楼下，感觉就像是在东京。

7 俄亥俄州哥伦布的 Hoyo’s Kitchen

这里有美味的索马里料理，是我们周末最喜欢去的地点。在《联合县》拍摄的最后几天，他们还为一次颁奖活动提供了餐饮服务。这对我们的餐饮团队来说，无疑是片场最令人兴奋的日子之一。

8 Gnuhr

这是一个相当近期的发现，但现在我完全痴迷于这家公司。我在机场拦住一个男人询问他的毛衣哪里买的，因为他看起来太舒服了，而我是舒适旅行装的忠实粉丝。他们的产品真的非常、非常漂亮，工艺精湛且设计良好。

9 《谱系上的爱》(Love on the Spectrum)

这部剧确实凸显了极大的善意，并让人们对自闭症这一主题有了更多的理解。作为一个不在谱系中的人，我从那些获奖者之间如此尊重地对待彼此的方式中学到了很多。《谱系上的爱》的演员们增强了我对人性的信念，让我为身为人类而感到自豪。

10 彩虹铁路 (Rainbow Railroad)

他们是一个令人赞叹的组织，致力于支持那些在许多许多国家因为其性倾向而经常遭受国家认可的迫害的酷儿群体。他们的工作是支持这些人寻求庇护并抵达安全地带。可以说，在涉及 L.G.B.T.Q. + 社区的安全性方面，现在是历史上最重要的时刻之一。

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我们是谁 女士、爱人，或者 首秀。2 关键点。

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4 AR

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

古典

变迁的流畅歌剧

《莉莉·埃尔贝》（Lili Elbe）讲述了首批接受性别肯定手术的人之一的故事，由一名跨性别女性饰演主角。

By MAX KELLER

在音乐中，有许多术语包含“trans-”（转变 / 转移）。音符可以被转换（transformed）或重新排列。和弦可以被移调（transposed），或向上向下移动。

此外，还有像理查德·施特劳斯的《死亡与 Transfiguration》（Death and Transfiguration）和阿诺德·勋伯格的《蜕变之夜》（Transfigured Night）这样的作品标题。

托比亚斯·皮克（Tobias Picker）在创作他的歌剧《莉莉·埃尔贝》时，借鉴了许多技巧。但对他这部乐谱最重要的一点是“transition”（过渡 / 转型）。

在本周末于圣达菲歌剧院（Santa Fe Opera）进行美国首演的《莉莉·埃尔贝》中，过渡段落不仅仅是像通常歌剧乐谱中那样起到连接作用。相反，皮克表示，“过渡音乐变成了主题音乐，而主题音乐变成了过渡音乐”。这赋予了作品一种具有推进感且不断变化的音色。

过渡如此重要是很恰当的，皮克将其称为这部歌剧的“结构性致敬”。《莉莉·埃尔贝》讲述了一次性别转型。这部歌剧的剧本由 Aryeh Lev Hadhean 编写，基于 20 世纪 20 年代生活在巴黎的跨性别女性莉莉·埃尔贝（Lili Elbe）的故事。莉莉的故事也是电影《丹麦女孩》（2003）的主题，该片由 Eddie Bednayne 主演，改编自 David Ebersdorf 的虚构叙述。

埃尔贝（此前名为 Einar Wegener）是一位丹麦风景画家，也是最早接受性别肯定手术的人之一。莉莉（由 harbour Lucas Lucas 演唱）与艺术家 Gerda Wegener（由女高音 Sylvia D'Eranes 饰演）结婚，后者经常将她作为模特。与许多激发歌剧创作的故事一样，埃尔贝的结局是悲剧性的。1931, 在德累斯顿妇女诊所，她接受了一次实验性的子宫移植手术，导致并发症并最终死亡。

在编写剧本时，皮克的丈夫兼合作者 Hadhean 查阅了第一手资料，包括埃尔贝在死后出版的回忆录《从男人到女人》（Man Into Woman）。这部回忆录是用丹麦语写的，有三种主要译本——两本英文版，一本德文版。“它们都略有不同，”Hadhean 说道。这些不一致之处，加上莉莉倾向于夸大的性格，让 Hadhean 的任务充满了挑战。

他的解决方案是借用神话，特别是歌剧中有着悠久传统的俄耳甫斯（Orpheus）与欧律狄刻（Eurydice）的故事。（最早的歌剧之一是蒙特威尔第的《L'Other》，而从格鲁克到奥芬巴赫，再到马修·奥斯汀，许多作曲家都写过关于俄耳甫斯的歌剧。）“俄耳甫斯是欧律狄刻转型的媒介，”Hadhean 说道，因为他将她从冥界带回。“她正在经历一次转型，从死亡走向生命。”

《莉莉·埃尔贝》以“戏中戏”开场——莉莉和 Gerda 观看了一场俄耳甫斯的戏剧，配乐是 20 世纪初风格的、基于随机性的不和谐音乐。

这个神话并不能与这个故事一一对应。在不同时刻，莉莉和 Gerda 分别像俄耳甫斯。在其中一个场景中，莉莉说：“Einar Wegener 不再生活在人间了。”而俄耳甫斯回头看，但皮克说：“莉莉从未回头。莉莉总是向前走。”

尽管如此，莉莉仍然持有那个时代的一些观念：她认为要成为一名女性，就必须嫁给一个男人并生孩子。“她陷入了自己的困境，”皮克说，“这种冲突导致了一系列最终以她的死亡告终的事件。”

“当我出柜时，还没有公开的跨性别歌剧演员。”

（图注）从左起：女高音 Sylvia D'Eranes 和 harbour Lucia Lucas，以及作曲家 Tobias Picker，地点在《莉莉·埃尔贝》进行美国首演的圣达菲歌剧院。上方，Roberto Kalb 在皮克的注视下为《莉莉·埃尔贝》排练乐队。右侧是莉莉·埃尔贝的一张未注明日期的照片。

那最终以她的死亡告终。

在圣菲上演的《莉莉·埃尔勃》（Lili Elbe）距离皮克尔（Picker）的第一部歌剧《埃梅琳》（Emmeline）在圣菲首演已过去 30 年。《埃梅琳》的故事设定在纽英伦的一个小镇上，是以母亲的视角对 Indigest 神话的重新演绎。

这些歌剧的主角之间存在相似之处：“她们都是强大的女性，最终做出了一个选择，一个决定命运的选择，”皮克尔说道。

《埃梅琳》因其剧烈波动而受到赞誉。皮克尔表示，如今“我认为我的音乐在某种程度上是相邻的”。在《莉莉·埃尔勃》中，他补充道：“音乐具有细碎感。它在期待与不确定之间轻松转换！”剧中依然充斥着朗朗上口的旋律，包括 D'Eranes 的艺术曲目《我爱一名女性》，很容易在听者的脑海中挥之不去。

从一开始，皮克尔就在心中将跨性别女性卢卡斯（Lucas）定为主角。“我在卢卡斯的嗓音中听到的一种特质很难简单地解释，因为它实在太独特了，”他说道。

VALENTINNAG 14A12777 / 000023

他在为塔尔萨歌剧院（Tulsa Opera）担任艺术总监并为 2010 年制作的莫扎特歌剧《唐·乔万尼》选角时结识了卢卡斯。（卢卡斯演唱了标题角色。）他说，他立刻被她的“声乐力量和艺术细微差别”所打动。

与埃尔勃一样，卢卡斯是一个开拓者：“当我出柜时，还没有公开的跨性别歌剧演员，”她说。“我知道一些比我大十到二十岁的人，他们一生都是跨性别者，只是在职业生涯结束后才出柜。”

卢卡斯与低音员 Arsana Lucas 结婚，她在埃尔勃的故事中看到了与自己生活的平行之处。“我出柜的方式是在 2016 年的一场歌剧半场休息时，”她说。“我妻子穿着一身玛琳·黛德丽风格的服装，戴着一个小礼帽，而我穿着一件裙子。人们在认出我之前先认出了我妻子，看到他们的反应感觉很棒。”

类似的场景也出现在《莉莉·埃尔勃》中，当时莉莉身穿女性服装出席一场画廊开幕式。剧本中的一些台词，如“我会再次嫁给你”，甚至借鉴了卢卡斯的真实生活。

我们不知道历史上的埃尔勃声音如何。在《从男人到女人》中，埃尔勃说在她的手术（一种切除一个或两个器官的手术）之后，她的声音似乎一夜之间变成了“女高音”，这虽然是一个很好的故事素材，但在医学上将是首例。

“当跨性别女性（transomnian）成为主导激素时，声音可能会下降，”卢卡斯说。“但这只是单向的压力。”声音不会因为药物而改变，尽管嗓音训练和所谓的女性化发声手术可以使声音略微提高。

在整部歌剧中，卢卡斯的声音保持低沉，但在莉莉欣喜若狂或受挫时，她会唱得较高。“我从不尝试使用假声，但我会使用一种像镜像一样的发声，”她说，或者称之为“强健之声”。

卢卡斯参与《莉莉·埃尔勃》，使其可能成为首部由跨性别歌手饰演跨性别历史人物的大规模歌剧。（她还担任制作方的戏剧构作。）其先驱是劳拉·坎廷斯基（Laura Kantinsky）的室内歌剧《无名之辈》（no One）。皮克尔表示，该剧于 2023 年在瑞士首演，而且在可预见的未来，他规定莉莉·埃尔勃这个角色必须由跨性别表演者演唱。他说，也许在未来的某个时刻，一个顺性别者可以胜任，“但学习曲线将会非常陡峭。”

皮克尔在创作《莉莉·埃尔勃》时也经历了一个学习曲线。尽管他说自己很熟悉身处主流之外的感觉，“被边缘化且有此感受是我们共同的地方，”皮克尔说道，并补充说他成长于一个同性恋且犹太人的家庭，并患有图纳综合症（Tournier's syndrome）。

“当我们 2023 年秋季开演时，我们想，‘这部歌剧永远不会像现在这样具有现实意义’，”卢卡斯说。但随着跨性别权利受到攻击，现在感觉它尤为坚定。

不过，皮克尔强调了这部歌剧的广泛吸引力：“我认为这部作品存在于时间和当前事件之外。这是一个任何人都能产生共鸣的故事。婚姻、离婚、坠入爱河和死亡。这些都是普世的主题。”

卢卡斯表示，通过关注“触动我们的情感”，“这就是‘Lili’所做的事情之一，即针对子群体的倡导工作”。

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纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

A8 5

舞蹈

画家的画布在舞台上奔跑与飞翔

蒂姆·福斯特（Tim Foster）是纽约市芭蕾舞团的舞鞋着色师，也是一名艺术家，一个给人带来平静的存在。

作者：玛格丽特·芬伯（MARGARET FUMBER）

如果你乘坐林肯中心大卫·H·科赫剧院（David H. Koch Theater）的电梯到达最高层，然后再爬一层楼梯，沿着一条黑木色的走廊走下去，你会到达一个看起来像艺术工作室和化学实验室结合体的小空间。这就是蒂姆·福斯特处理芭蕾舞鞋的地方。

担任纽约市芭蕾舞团的舞鞋着色师——正如福斯特在过去 15 年中所做的那样——是占据了一个虽小但至关重要的生态位。大多数足尖鞋和芭蕾舞软底鞋在制造时都是浅粉色的。但舞团的剧目要求多种颜色，例如《胡桃夹子》中马齐潘牧羊人群舞所需的金黄色，或者《仲夏夜之梦》中蝴蝶独舞者所需的淡蓝色。

在他的后期系列中，福斯特——该舞团首位全职舞鞋着色师——每季需要喷涂和染色数百双鞋。这是一门精细的艺术。他必须确保颜色与服装完全匹配，这样才不会在视觉上打断腿部的连续线条。而且，油漆的涂抹必须克制且细致。

纽约市芭蕾舞团的独舞演员纳奥里·科尔蒂（Naoori Corti）在一次视频采访中表示，她现在几乎每场演出前都会去找福斯特——确实是为了补色，但更多是为了聊天。福斯特温和且体贴，擅长缓解演出前的焦虑。

“他总是知道该说什么，因为他是我们的一员，一名舞者，”她说。“他给人一种非常平静的感觉。他就像剧院的心跳。”

作为一名舞者，福斯特既是早熟的也是大器晚成的。他的父亲曾在一支乡村西方乐队中，小时候，福斯特和吉他手的女儿有时会在太平洋西北地区的港口和乡村俱乐部为人群跳舞。到初中时，他开始在学校组织午餐时间的舞蹈，在食堂里带动气氛。“你会拉住你的女朋友跳‘bungalow’或‘chair’舞，”福斯特说。

但在进入俄勒冈州尤金市的莱恩社区学院（Lane Community College）并开始在音乐剧中表演之前，他没有接受过正式的舞蹈训练。就这样，他遇到了未来的妻子尼基（Nickie），当时她的姓氏是克拉夫特（Craft），是一位优秀的舞者和编舞家。“她告诉我：‘你想跳舞？那你最好去上课，’”他说。他开始学习芭蕾和现代舞，不久后在当地剧院的制作中担纲主角。

为了不改变鞋子在脚上的触感，涂色必须极其谨慎。

作为一名曾经的职业舞者， 73 岁的福斯特理解其中的关键。“当他们把足尖鞋交给我去修补或染色时，是我非常严肃对待的一项责任，”他在一次视频采访中说。“必须做到完美，因为那是他们的神圣工具。那是他们的小提琴，是他们的另一部分身体。”

多年来，除了纽约市芭蕾舞团内部，几乎没有人知道福斯特或他的工作。后来，经常为无名英雄拍摄特写记录片的纪录片导演约书亚·查罗（Joshua Charow）偶然发现了一篇提到福斯特工作的舞团博客文章。“立刻，我就被吸引了，”查罗在视频采访中说。“但我找不到关于他的任何其他信息。”

今年早些时候，查罗与福斯特取得了联系，并拍摄了他讨论自己作为舞者的过去以及在纽约市芭蕾舞团的工作。查罗惊喜地发现，福斯特一直在悄悄创作视觉艺术作品。他的鞋类绘画工作站周围铺满了白纸，随着时间的推移，纸上溅满了各种颜色。他利用这些纸片，结合鞋漆残留的飞溅痕迹，创作出具有阴影线风格、令人联想到尚格里拉（Changli-esque）的场景。

15 年来，蒂姆·福斯特（Tim Foster，右袖处）一直为纽约市芭蕾舞团的舞者绘制舞鞋。他必须确保鞋色与服装颜色完全匹配，以保持腿部线条的连续性。福斯特还利用工作站中溅满油漆的纸张创作自己的艺术品（左下）。

照顾舞者的“神圣工具”，这是一部新电影中所描述的天职。

“我只是开始在那些记录了所有碎片和痕迹的纸张上进行素描，”福斯特在查罗（Charow）的纪录片中说道。这部名为《蒂姆的鞋》（Shoes for Tim）的纪录片于 7 月上映，“我在这部片中看到了真实的自己。”

福斯特的工作近期变得更加繁重。过去，旨在接近肤色的粉红色舞鞋一直是服装的默认选择。但几年前，纽约市芭蕾舞团成为几家决定摒弃“芭蕾粉”并采用真正肤色色调的舞团之一。如今，每位团员都拥有一款根据其肤色定制匹配的舞鞋色调。这意味着需要大量的涂色工作。

1988, 这对夫妇搬到了纽约市。福斯特最终开始在纽约市歌剧院（现已解散）跳舞——在与纽约市芭蕾舞团相同的林肯中心舞台上演出——同时也参与该市的演出及巡演。“我当时同时在做很多事情，”他说道。

当尼基（Nickie）在 2004 年被诊断出患有乳腺癌时，这一切停止了。“舞蹈工作突然变得不那么重要了，”福斯特说，为了寻求稳定性，他在市歌剧院的服装部门找了一份工作。后来，他开始在市芭蕾舞团工作，负责《胡桃击碎者》中儿童演员的着装。

他的舞鞋绘画生涯纯属偶然。一段时间内，舞者们自行为鞋子着色，但这导致了脚部外观的不一致。“他们问：‘你能负责涂色吗？’我说：‘我想我可以，’”福斯特回忆道。

尽管没有受过艺术训练，也没有为鞋子着色的经验，但福斯特发现自己在匹配色调方面有天赋。“我可以分析出这种灰色与普通灰色的区别在哪里，”他说，“是因为里面有绿色？粉色？还是紫色？”

福斯特表示，需要涂色最多的芭蕾舞剧是大规模制作的剧目，如《胡桃击碎者》和《仲夏夜之梦》。但最棘手的之一是杰罗姆·罗宾斯（Jerome Robbins）的《凸面》（The Convex）。他必须匹配灯光：透明的蓝色灯光会让舞者自然且无色的肤色透出来——这意味着每位舞者都需要略有不同的色调。“你将那种蓝色与中性色结合，使其成为一层蓝色薄膜，”他说，“我花了很多时间才琢磨出来。”

福斯特在他这个狭小的领域内已成为一名专家，部分原因是由于他懂得如何让舞者看起来和感觉起来很美。科尔蒂（Corti）说，他有时会“控制”她的足尖鞋，将部分区域涂成略深的颜色，使她的足弓看起来弧度更优雅。有一次，她因为《柯佩莉亚》（Coppélia）的一双鞋而心情沮丧，那双鞋涂了厚厚的灰色油漆，导致鞋体僵硬。“那是戏中很重要的一部分，穿着这双硬邦邦的鞋子很难跳，”她说。

第二天，福斯特给她带来了一双被她称为“灰姑娘舞鞋”的鞋子，上面涂有一层轻薄的银色。“我不再感到抽筋了——一切感觉都好多了，”她说，“他改变了我对那部芭蕾舞剧的体验。”

在过去的几年里，福斯特重新开始了舞蹈。他的妻子最终从乳腺癌中康复，但在 2015 年，他也收到了癌症诊断书。治疗需要切除他右大腿后部的大部分肌肉。在康复过程中，舞蹈帮助他找回身体的掌控感。

“我重新开始，做自己的把杆练习，只是努力不让自己僵住，”他说，“实际上，走路是最难的事情。而我总是能设法跳舞。”

现在他尽量多地尝试跳舞——有时是和 Nickie 一起，他说她“充满活力”。（她在纽约市芭蕾舞团的客户服务部门工作。）这部纪录片甚至促成了一种意义上的回归，查罗在片中拍摄了一个充满诗意的片段，福斯特在 25 年来第一次在科赫剧院的舞台上起舞。

当福斯特开始创作他的舞鞋纸画时，他并没有打算出售或展出它们。“我并没有真正地认真对待这件事，”他说，“我会画好它们，卷起来，然后就忘了。”他把其中几幅作为礼物送给了舞者，包括在今年早些时候搬家时送给纽约市芭蕾舞团之星梅根·费尔柴尔德的一幅。他还送给查罗一幅——几乎是用足尖鞋的运输袋包装，并用鞋带系好。

纪录片发行以来，观众对他艺术作品的热烈反响让福斯特感到惊讶且感动。“人们似乎真的很喜欢这些画，这让我有些措手不及，”他说。他现在正在考虑展出自己的作品。科蒂告诉，纽约市芭蕾舞团的艺术系列赛会邀请一位视觉艺术家为剧院创作一件特定的作品。科蒂表示，她非常希望福斯特能收到那个邀请。

查罗的纪录片在关键时刻捕捉到了福斯特。他计划很快退休。但在那之前，他希望能培训新的舞鞋着色师。他说，目标是尽量减少对他人生中舞者们生活的干扰。

“我知道现场剧场如何榨干你的一切，即使它也在滋养你，”他说，“我们这些在幕后的人，只是想让舞者们能够尽情地释放自我并起舞。”

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6 AM

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

Pop

爱让一位心碎专家发生了转变

萨姆·史密斯（Sam Smith）以描写浪漫失望的歌曲而闻名，而其新专辑则充满了喜悦与满足。

“在这座疯狂的岛屿之歌中，我找到了平静。”

作者：MELENA BYZER

当歌手萨姆·史密斯在演唱会前感到舞台恐惧时（这种情况总是发生），他们会想象宇宙的浩瀚。“世界多么大，月亮多么高，”史密斯说。“我是多么渺小，我表演的这个房间又是多么渺小，即使它是一个体育场，我也从上方俯瞰它，并告诉自己：没关系，我是安全的。”

史密斯从小就梦想成为流行巨星，并在 22 岁时实现了这一目标。自 2014 年凭借全球大热单曲《Stay With Me》起步以来，他们一直深受全球喜爱，拥有极具感染力的八度音域，既能激发技巧也能承受考验。然而，“我真的很挣扎，”史密斯在最近一个阳光明媚的下午告诉我。“对我来说，唱歌是一件极其私人化的事情。除非必须，否则你听不到我唱歌。”

在 34 岁时，史密斯在过去大约三年时间里深挖这种需求，而他们的生活也发生了翻天覆地的变化。他们为了一个男孩——顶级设计师克里斯蒂安·考恩（Christian Cowan）——从故乡英国搬到了纽约。史密斯带着兴奋的微笑向我透露，考恩现在已正式成为其未婚夫。

史密斯计划于 8 月 21 日发行的新专辑《Hazel Eyes》，清晰地记录了这段浪漫关系的进程。史密斯开始创作充满渴望的第一首曲目《Everlasting Love》，但在与考恩第一次约会的前夜，他们在深深的沉思中完成了它。作为一名以心碎情歌闻名的歌者，这很不同：正如他们在今年旧金山的一扇侧门边所言，这是他们第一次写关于“被需要的爱”——自豪且明确地庆祝一段酷儿关系。

这也是史密斯首次完全按照自己的意愿制作的唱片，脱离了音乐产业的正式结构——那些在精致工作室里的词曲作者团队，以及那些决定其职业生涯的 A&R 修正意见。相反，在制作了 2020 年获得格莱美奖的冠军单曲（与 Kim Petras 合作的《Unlucky》）后，史密斯与像 indie-rockin-Peirs 这样的新合作者一起潜心创作，利用完整的福音合唱团制作了十几首梦幻曲目，呈现出一种更具手工感的音色。（从字面上看，这是史密斯唯一一次在专辑中演奏乐器的作品，乐器是钢琴。）

而史密斯适应的新家也带来了意想不到的提升——作为一名酷儿艺术家，作为一名伴侣，以及一个渴望沉思、关怀并被理解的人。“在纽约，我不是街上唯一的怪胎，”当我们坐在格林威治村历史悠久的同性恋酒吧 Julius' 喝着起泡水，随后又喝着马提尼时，他们说道，那里是史密斯最喜欢的聚集地之一。“我每天都被那些‘过于热烈’的人包围。我说的‘过于’是一种赞美。”

“在这座疯狂的岛屿之歌中，我找到了平静，”史密斯补充道。

这并不是说《Hazel Eyes》（他们的第五张专辑，以考恩的眼睛颜色命名）完全是满足感。其中也有阴暗的时刻，歌词触及深层的忧郁与痛苦，制作效果听起来像即将到来的雷鸣。我们在西村的 Electric Lady 工作室听了这张专辑，史密斯在那里录制了一些曲目；在听到起伏时，他们闭上了眼睛。在低潮的巅峰，他们说：“你会觉得，这是否好得不真实？”在这种双重性中冲撞是有意为之的。“我时刻感受到各种各样的情绪，”史密斯说。“在我最幸福的时刻，我也可能陷入极度的忧郁。”

一部在常规流行工业机器中制作的专辑可能会因此而失去灵气。但朋友和同行观察到，Smith 如今拥有一种全新的清晰感与自信，不再磨平所有的棱角。“自从他们搬到纽约后，我觉得他们更愿意拥抱那些创意上的古怪之处，”曼彻斯特的词曲作者兼制作人西蒙·阿克福德（Simon Akford）说道。他在 Smith 21 岁时与他们相识，并参与了他们的《In the Lonely Hour》以及《Hazel Eyes》的创作。“在这张专辑中，他们获得了充分的自由，能展现出我所熟悉的、那个曾与我共处一室的真实之声。”

新获得的宁静

多年来，Smith 的歌迷们一直跟随这位歌手那些霸榜的制式作品一起低吟浅唱：关于出轨的情歌（《I'm Not the Only One》）、关于 Smith 自我救赎的歌曲（《Too Good at Goodbyes》），以及那些可能意味着更多意义的一夜情（格莱美获奖作品《Stay with Me》）。因此，当 Smith 在去年年底纽约的一系列售罄驻演中，以及随后在旧金山，站在他们那个小而精致的宇宙角落里，介绍一首名为《My Guy》的新曲时，观众们几乎屏住了呼吸。

“我觉得很好，我很开心，”Smith 穿着磨损的棕色牛仔面料，在布鲁克林的一家俱乐部 Warone 宣布，他们在那里的演出共有 24 场。在旧金山，Smith 成为在地标性的卡斯特罗剧院（Castro Theater）翻修后首位登台的表演者，他们进一步表示：“真的感觉我等了一辈子才唱到这样一首歌。”

《My Guy》带着一种 den-vega 般的轻快，在一种冲动中创作而成，“诞生于一种真实且绽放的觉悟，即他们遇到了那个正确的人，”这首歌的共同作者费恩（Fein）与情感丰富且精通多种乐器的沙扎德·伊斯迈利（Shahzad Ismaily）共同说道。

最终完成的歌曲无法超越 Smith 最初的 exuberance —— “他是我的，我的，我的！” —— 因此人声部分采用了最初的 Demo。费恩预测，这可能是未来许多婚礼上的第 1 首专辑歌曲，“无论同性还是异性”。

Smith 新获得的宁静正值一个敏感时刻，在这个时刻，同性恋尤其是跨性别者的权利——Smith 在 2010 年公开承认自己是非二元性别者——正面临挑战！当然，这一点并未让他们丧失信心。自 2014 年首张专辑发行以来，Smith 一直是同性恋群体中敢于发声的一员——在当时的流行音乐界这自然是非常前卫的（有时甚至显得不那么成熟）。2 年前，他们创办了一家支持 L.G.B.'(1) 的慈善机构：粉色房子基金会（Pink House Foundation）。但作为一名艺术家，他们也有自己的表态。

“对我来说，在此时此刻，在这个世界上，身为 queer 并且唱这样的歌，本身就有一种激进的意义，”Smith 说。他们总结道，将快乐作为艺术奋斗本身就是一种反抗，“我不会允许我阅读的内容或我所见的人，影响我爱的方式。”

而他们那复古的曲风，直至女团风格的背景和声，是否都在讲述 queer 之爱？当 Smith 在卡斯特罗——旧金山的同性恋历史中心——表演这首歌时，配有可爱的编舞手势和一支 8 人乐队，整个观众席看起来像是紧紧相拥，摇摆着，拥抱着，为他们喝彩。每个人都希望 Sam Smith 最终能实现这种幸福。

歌手 Sam Smith 在最近的一次演出中（上图），以及 2014 年在纽约阿波罗剧院演出（下图）。“对我来说，在此时此刻，在这个世界上，身为 queer 并且唱这样的歌，本身就有一种激进的意义，”Smith 说。

我在 5 月的第一次采访中，Smith 告诉我：“我曾很多次对着那首歌流泪。它感觉像是热爱一个人所付出的艰苦努力后获得的一种奖赏。”

Smith 穿着低调，但依然具有令人瞩目的存在感，宛如一棵红杉。身高 4 英尺 2 英寸，留着乱发，思考时会微微翘起一撮胡须。他们就像他们的音乐一样流畅，充满了活力与俏皮。“和他们在一起很容易让人上瘾，”费恩说。“如此乐观，如此积极，能带动房间里的每一个人。”

在过去的几个月里，我对 Smith 进行了两次采访，在布鲁克林观看他们与 Brandt Carlile 和 Ed Sheeran 共同演出，在卡斯特罗区看到他们身穿皮革帽裤和过膝靴尽情表演，并在自豪月周末的 5 / 22，在石墙国家纪念地观看他们举办的一场略显忧郁的小型音乐会。令我惊讶的是，他们对这座城市的开放程度和投入程度如此之高（甚至有一个专门记录 Smith 奇遇的 Instagram 账号），尽管如此引人注目，他们地行走在街头时依然如此坦然。“我从未与一个能引起如此涟漪的人一起走在街上，”Fein 说道。

作为一名备受瞩目的非二元性别音乐家，Smith 的一些弱点让人们担心。愿景深远的 singer-songwriter 兼艺术家 Amdoo 说道：“当下的文化气候对任何人都没有所谓的关怀义务。”在 Smith 心中，Amdoo 是一位酷儿意识的领路人。Amdoo 在评价 Smith 时说：“他们是一个善良得令人心碎的人。太纯真了，你知道吗！而我年纪更大，已经见识过这个世界的几个轮回了。”

但她补充道：“Sam 拥有令人难以置信的韧性。而韧性是一种能够理解自身脆弱性的力量。”

跨越时代的嗓音

Smith 在英国剑桥附近的一个村庄长大，住在一家粉红色的房子里，周围环绕着田野和河流，他们常独自逃往那里充电。“我有时会一个人走上两三个小时，”他们说，“我会和树说话。”（Cowan 住在 20 分钟路程外，但两人是在四年前通过网络在纽约相识的。）即便在现在，Smith 避风港里的衣橱——他们说专辑中一共出现了十处意象——以及他们身上遍布的海事纹身（包括喉咙底部的一个锚）也可见一斑。

Smith 在 10 岁时向朋友和支持自己的家人（包括两个妹妹）出柜。他们的母亲是养家糊口的人，在银行工作；而父亲则是一名“家庭主夫”兼照顾者。外祖母和一些其他亲属也对他们产生了深远影响。“我在一个情感充沛、充满女性特质的世界中长大，”Smith 说。

尽管年幼的 Smith 非常开放，穿着化妆品并佩戴花形胸针去上学，但他们并不认识其他同性恋者。“我唯一拥有的就是耳机里的驱动力，”他们说。玛丽亚·凯莉（Mariah Carey）是他们的启蒙。这是 Smith 第一次与同学在公开场合表演的歌曲。在 13 岁左右，他们去听了唱歌老师 Ioanna Eden 的音乐会，她是一位爵士乐歌手。演出就在剧院的大厅里，但她表演时流露出的幸福感如此明显。“我当时想，这就是我想做的事情，”Smith 回忆道。

那时他们已经开始创作歌曲，关于男孩和渴望——“过于戏剧化了，”他们笑着说。

在搬到伦敦并为电子组合 Disclosure 在 2012 年的一首热门曲目提供灵魂乐唱腔后，机会很快就来了。到 2016 年，他们已经赢得了四项格莱美奖（Granteys）和一座奥斯卡奖（凭借为爵士乐队电影《幽灵》创作的歌曲 "Wishing Out the Wall"）。

Akford 表示，他们雄心的深度在早期就让他们脱颖而出。“Sam 拥有一种驱动力，”他说，“这种想要被听到的驱动力让我有些惊讶。还有那嗓音！”

Smith 的音域从泥土般的沙哑到假声，也为其他艺术家带来了灵感。“那种自然的表达、音色、尺度和轻盈感，”Fein 惊叹道，她此前从未与任何人共同创作过。（Smith 通过 Instagram 私信邀请了她。）

Smith 的愿景最初是通过在“Cribbly”中尝试大胆的风格，Smith 将其称为一个转折点。（正如《纽约时报》评论家 Lindsay Skidell 所言：“这听起来像是我们曾拥有的最真实的歌曲。”）但在录音室里，Smith 说，这遇到了反对。

“房间里有很多异性恋男性的声音，”他们说，“有些人不理解，认为这不能被录入唱片。”

Smith 说，正是因为他们对声音的连接感，才提供了这种力量。“我以前总是自己在卧室里跳舞，面对镜子——听这首歌时我就有那种感觉，”Smith 说道，并补充道，“在这样一个环境下，我和 Kim 站了起来，吐出舌头。就那样反叛。这就是酷儿力量的一部分，你知道的。”

Smith 在录制《Hazel Eyes》时，以出人意料的方式对自己进行了苛求。《Oh Mother!》是一首充满戏剧色彩、欢快奔放的曲目，既致敬了 Smith 的母系血统，也呼应了酷儿文化中对“母亲”（mother）的接纳；Smith 表示，这首歌是“最难攻克、最具挑战性的攀登”。他们多次重新录制人声，但对能量感不满意。最终，尽管已经戒烟，他们还是拿了两根烟，“让皮肤充血，并设法弄到了一瓶威士忌，”Akford 回忆道。“我这辈子从未见过有人在人声录制上如此投入。”

Smith 的高音不再像以前那样，他们的嗓音掌控力随着年龄和经验而发生了变化。他们曾为此感到痛苦。但现在，当他们在这个专辑的音色中听到自己的声音时，Smith 说：“这就是现在的我。你能听到乐器中流淌的生命。”

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纽约时报，星期日，2020年8月2日

48 7

电视

在《泰德·拉索》（Ted Lasso）中饰演一个冷酷的角色，为演员的职业生涯增添了光彩。

“我喜欢动用我的全部自我”

汉娜·瓦丁汉姆（Hannah Waddingham）是一位罕见的英国明星，她从音乐剧舞台成功跨越到了荧幕之上。

作者：埃莉诺·斯坦福（ELEANOR STANFORD）

伦敦 —— 当汉娜·瓦丁汉姆听到一名艺人在演唱莱伯（Leiber）和斯奈德（Snider）的《堪萨斯城》（Kansas City）时，她停下了脚步。

那是伦敦泰晤士河南岸一个繁忙的夏日午后，一群游客和学生大多匆匆走过，并未理会那名弹着吉他的男子。

但这位女演员身着华服，在微风吹拂着她的金发时，开始随着律动的节奏起舞，并跟着唱道：“我要去堪萨斯城，堪萨斯城，我来了。”

“我只是想参与其中，”她笑着说，“我就像在说，‘在这节奏里给我让个地儿，快让开！’”

身高仅 2 英寸（原文如此），32 岁的瓦丁汉姆习惯了成为众人瞩目的焦点：认识她十多年的朋友辛西娅·埃里沃（Cynthia Erivo）将她描述为“天性与精神都像肉桂般浓郁，并为此感到自豪”，并补充道：“看她行动起来简直是一种快感。”

那些看着她在河岸边即兴合唱的过路人，其目光似乎也认同这一点。他们可能在《性教育》（Sex Education）和《Ted Lasso》等电视剧中见过她，但瓦丁汉姆还拥有 4 星级（four-stares）的音域，并且是一位少有的从音乐剧起步的英国荧幕之星。

“太有趣了，在他能演奏的所有歌曲中，偏偏选了这首，”她在给音乐家留了小费并继续沿河行走后说道。

这首 1952 年的曲目不仅是她的最爱，而且在即将到来的新一季《Ted Lasso》中（瓦丁汉姆在剧中饰演足球俱乐部老板丽贝卡·沃顿），故事正是从堪萨斯城开篇。

在执教 A.F.C. 里士满队三个赛季后，特德（Ted，詹姆斯·萨达托饰演）回到了他的家乡州。直到丽贝卡前往拜访，说服他回到伦敦，迎接一个新的执教挑战：里士满女队。

据《Ted Lasso》的共同创意人布劳登·亨特（Browden Hunt）所说，丽贝卡此时“正全力推动他回来”，因为她正处于一种正向能量的巅峰，且不愿面对任何迟缓的消息。亨特表示，丽贝卡起初是剧中的“反派”，也是“最难选角的角色”。当他们找到瓦丁汉姆时，亨特回忆道，他当时想：“哦，终于可以了，太棒了，”因为她能够与之旗鼓相当。

根据尼尔森（Nielsen）的数据，这部带有温柔哲学色彩的剧集在第三季时成为了 2023 年观看次数最多的流媒体原创剧集。许多人认为这将是该剧的最后一季，但第 4 季 —— 周三在 Apple TV 上线 —— 将开启一组新角色的故事。

女球员们，尤其是他们的助理教练爱丽丝（Alice），也激发了丽贝卡内心的一些东西。瓦丁汉姆在当天早晨一边喝着咖啡、喝着压榨果汁、吃着乔利佐香肠（chorizo）时提到，由塔尼娅·雷诺兹（Tanya Reynolds）饰演的爱丽丝在男性主导的足球世界中穿行，比起丽贝卡，她少了许多光环，多了许多琐碎，瓦丁汉姆解释说，两人之间起初“存在摩擦和敌意”。

但就像在《Ted Lasso》中一直那样，这里也有成长。瓦丁汉姆说，在第 1 季中是一个“被排斥者”之后，丽贝卡在第 4 季中继续成长。

瓦丁汉姆在 2021, 年凭借该剧赢得了一座艾美奖（Earthy 疑为 Emmy 之误），她说自从读过试播集剧本起，就爱上了冷酷的丽贝卡，在剧本中，她的角色想象用一个“破碎的板球帽”来折磨男主角。

“这个女孩，”瓦丁汉姆记得自己当时在想，“你真是太迷人了。”

瓦丁汉姆表示，她对待这个角色采取的是“全力投入”的方式，如果剧本中的场景没有丽贝卡出现，她就不会阅读，因此她所知道的绝不会超过她扮演的角色。尽管如此，“我认为如果有人觉得我现实中像丽贝卡，那就太沉重了。”

瓦丁汉姆一边说着，一边大大地张开双手以表达她的困惑：“我是丽贝卡的那个不羁的姐妹。”

Janie Temple——一位在剧中饰演 Rebecca 未经修饰之美的好友——赞同这一描述。尽管 Waddingham 拥有“极其聪明的头脑、一颗巨大的内心，以及绝对令人惊叹的美貌”，但她同时也是一个“相当憨傻的小家伙”。

在吃早餐时，Waddingham 确实表现得憨态可掬，谈话中不时穿插着生动的手势、滑稽的神情以及随意的粗口。在一部杰森·斯坦森（James Statham）主演的动作电影片场全力以赴后，她的声音变得沙哑。

过去几年她一直很忙。上个月，她与维多利亚·斯宾塞（Victoria Spencer）共同担任执行制片人的搭档动作剧《Ride or Die》首播。2021 年，Waddingham 为 Apple TV 拍摄了一部她称之为“完全老派”的节日舞台特辑。而在英国，她在主持奥利维尔奖（Olivier Awards）和欧洲歌唱大赛（Eurovision Song Contest）时迎来了突破时刻。

“我喜欢运用我所有的特质，”Waddingham 说，“因为情况可能会非常不同。我也许根本不会获得任何成功。”但自从《Ted Lasso》在 2020 年首播以来，扮演 Rebecca “让每个人都知道我最初就具备什么样的能力，”Waddingham 说道。

她在南伦敦长大，父亲是一名河警，负责巡逻泰晤士河，母亲则是一名歌剧演员。戏剧是“流淌在我的血液中的老传统，”Waddingham 说。小时候，她经常在伦敦大剧院（London Coliseum）游荡，那里是英国国家歌剧院的所在地，她的根源就在那里表演。

在戏剧学校毕业后，她开始试镜，但她的身高成了一个问题：“我经常听到，‘我们很想用她，但我们已经选好了男演员。’” Waddingham 说，“为什么一个身高 5 英尺 2 英寸以上的女性，不能拥有与一个 5 英尺 2 英寸的人同样的所有脆弱感和自我怀疑，同样地摇摆不定？”（对于 Rebecca 而言，“身高！”本身并非角色描述的一部分，”共同创作者 Hunt 说道，但“身高！”以及在某些鞋子的加持下“通常比男主角更高”就成了——太棒了！”）

英国戏剧界的两位（比喻意义上的）巨头也没有将她的身高视为障碍：特雷弗·南（Trevor Nunn）和安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯（Andrew Lloyd Webber）。劳埃德·韦伯在 2009 年第一次看到 25 岁的 Waddingham 表演时，立刻被她“掌控舞台”的能力和“非常罕见”的明星气质所打动，他在最近的一次电话采访中说道。

他很快在由他与本·邓特（Ben Dunt）共同创作的剧目《The Beautiful Game》中起用她，并在 2011 年再次让她在《绿野仙踪》（The Wizard of Oz）的制作中饰演西方坏女巫。

到 2015 年，Waddingham 曾获得三次奥利维尔奖提名（英国相当于托尼奖的奖项），当时她与辛西娅·艾里沃（Cynthia Erivo）共同在音乐剧《How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying》的音乐会上演出。

艾里沃在电子邮件中称 Waddingham 为一名“超级巨星。不仅因为她的工作，还因为她一直以来对我展现出的支持与鼓励。”

艾里沃补充道，Waddingham 为所有的成功而艰苦奋斗，同时拒绝在自我认同上做出妥协。“我认为这就是她的特别之处。她始终真实地做自己，而她的本色就是绚烂的。”

Waddingham 同时也抵制整形手术，她说她要“完全掌控自己的脸”，并且“看起来像 52 岁，因为我现在实际上更自信，更淡定。”她补充道，“所以我为什么要让自己看起来像 20 岁，而我在 20 岁时并没有那么快乐？”

当 Waddingham 在 39 岁终于怀孕时，她的原则性决心也显现了出来。她意识到剧院演出的严苛要求无法与为人父母的需求相协调。但她一直涉足的荧幕工作则能提供更多的灵活性。

从莎士比亚剧舞台到银幕机器的路径由英国演员们 well-ordered（熟稔地开拓），其中包括乔纳森·贝利、本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇和朱迪·丹奇。但劳埃德·韦伯表示，“极少数音乐剧明星真正能够跨越到电影媒介或类似领域”。

沃丁厄姆说，她当时的英国经纪人对于是将其宣传为歌手还是演员感到困惑，并将她多样化的技能组合描述为“在水中试探”（沃丁厄姆补充道，这样的对话在美合众国不会发生）。

但在生下一个女儿九周后，沃丁厄姆开始拍摄《权力的游戏》Season 5，她在剧中饰演塞匹亚·卡斯尔（Sepia Castle），当她对着一名失宠的德国卢米尼斯（German Luminese）大喊“耻辱！”时，她的脸被第六件习惯装勾勒。

“我在职业生涯中所做的一切，就是证明你可以把一个人从音乐剧中抽离出来，然后那里就有一个恰到好处的特写，”沃丁厄姆说，“我希望这就是我留下的持久遗产。”

尽管如此，她补充道，无论在过去十年左右的时间里她出现在什么样的屏幕和舞台上，那里始终有“某种东西”。关于最近剧院的财务性质？沃丁厄姆此时距离南岸边界约一英里半，路过了莎士比亚环球剧场。她说，她很想回到舞台工作，最近她一直在考虑机会，包括一个她计划在明年“在远方尝试”的机会。

但沃丁厄姆多年来一直是一位单亲家长——“我首先是一个母亲，”她说——意识到她的女儿现在 15, 岁，还没准备好让她如此深陷于工作之中，因此这个角色无法让她兼顾。

“必须有所取舍，而不得不舍弃的就是剧院，”沃丁厄姆说。但她补充道，“我会回来的，我会用我的方式去做。”

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8 AR

纽约时报，星期日，8月 2, 2026

电影

每一段旅程都有其代价

约翰·莱奎扎莫讨论他在《奥德赛》中的角色。

作者：RYLE MICHANAN

即便是在克里斯托弗·诺兰为《奥德赛》组建的、规模庞大且极具多样性的演员阵容中，约翰·莱奎扎莫依然脱颖而出。他饰演尤萨尼娅，一名盲人仆人，在守护着奥德修斯（马特·达蒙 饰）国家的妻子（安妮·海瑟薇 饰）、儿子（汤姆·赫兰德 饰）以及一只老狗的同时，等待着奥德修斯的归来。莱奎扎莫的表演在精明与心碎之间切换，令人印象深刻。

这位演员的职业生涯中有一半是我们的独立电影，包括《Mouth Boogie!》以及动画电影《Six Age》和《Gocante》（左图，《奥德赛》从一开始就与之截然不同）。“这比我之前做过的任何事情都要宏大得多，”莱奎扎莫说。为了进入角色，他进行了形象转变，包括佩戴特殊的隐形眼镜，使他几乎视而不见。

《奥德赛》似乎准备迎接强劲的第 7 轮放映，其中可能包括莱奎扎莫，但目前，他正沉浸在电影巨大的全球票房中，他将此部分归功于多样化的选角。“这部电影如此美丽地包容了所有人，这意味着现在，这个故事属于我们所有人，”他在上个月的一次视频通话中说道。

以下是我们对话的编辑摘录。

令人惊讶的是，在尤萨尼娅出场时把一只小狗从悬崖上扔下去之后，你还能让我们对他产生共情。

你能相信吗？我想，我可能会成为电影史上最被厌恶的人？那是当时的人们处理愤怒的方式，只有强者才能生存。但那只小狗很安全，镜头外有人用柔软的毯子接住了它。

当然，这有助于你建立角色纽带，你与那只幸存的狗相处得很好。

阿格斯！那是一种叫做葡萄牙佩德雷加尔犬的古老品种。我管它叫葡萄牙 pendepa。那是西班牙语中的——

我知道那是西班牙语里的什么意思。

它不是世界上最聪明的品种。那种狗现在只剩下 75 只——它们是一个非常、非常古老的品种。但它一点也不具有攻击性，而且很温柔。我是体验派，所以我花了很多时间陪这只狗，搂着它，亲它，试图让它成为我最好的朋友。

你知道为什么选择这个品种吗？

因为它是最古老的品种，最接近希腊人当时可能拥有的品种。诺兰对此非常执着，我非常尊重他。他站在摄像机后面，你知道他就在你身边。这让我感到被倾听、被肯定，因为在拍这部电影时，我去了很多平时不去的地方，比如经历了一次情感崩溃。

这会对你造成影响（代价）吗？

我是体验派，我相信你必须真正经历过某些事情，你不能假装。我在李·斯特拉斯伯格那里学习过，我认为李·斯特拉斯伯格！

他在你上完他的课后去世了？

我在他的班上，我做了一次感官记忆练习，效果太糟糕了，以至于他没能挺过来。他随后去世了，对，然后得到了平静。所以，是的，我相信你必须经历它，但我觉得在克里斯的手中我很安全，所以我能够进入内心深处非常恐惧的地方，并从痛苦中重建。剩下的就是释放，因为你把它发泄出来了。发泄出来比压抑在心里要好。

你在电影中几乎让人认不出来。

我一直告诉克里斯：“听着，我以后再也接不到活了。每个人都在 24 / 7 全天候训练，看起来很专业，而我看起来像个坟墓。”但当我年轻的时候，我热衷于转型；我认为真正的表演就是尽可能地让自己远离本色。

在第一天拍摄前你感觉如何？

那是几种感觉的结合。我感到准备得极其充分，同时又紧张得要命（粗口）。

你在拍摄前经常感到紧张吗？

从不，我不是那种容易紧张的人。但面对克里斯·诺兰，你的脑海中会产生很多想法。我以前从未和他合作过，所以我不知道会发生什么。我曾

扮演一个年老、失明的角色，经历所有这些情感波动，而且那里还海拔 900 英尺。他们得用直升机把我送上去。我就在那个掉下去会没命的悬崖顶上。那个悬崖上的每株植物都有毒。他们告诉我们：“如果你折断顶端并接触眼睛，会让你失明的。”

在 MIAX 中拍摄那些高压场景是什么感觉？

我从未用过 INFAX 摄像机。它有 200, 400 磅重，外观像台城镇割草机。第一天，我开始演我的戏，他说：“你不需要大喊。”我说：“但我听不到自己的声音。”而且他们没告诉我每卷胶片只有三分钟。

意思是，在长镜头期间他们必须重新装载胶片卷？

我有一段 10 分钟的台词，结果突然听到“停！”我心想：“我的天，我做错什么了吗？我跑位不对吗？”然后他们告诉我：“不，我们需要重新装载。”然后是

约翰·列古伊扎在《奥德赛》中饰演尤塔尼亚，他是奥德修斯之前的一位紧张的引导者。

大约需要五分钟来重新装载，因为胶片非常厚且难以处理，而且全世界只有一个人能操作。然后我必须重新进入状态。接着，我又演了两分钟，又听到“停”。

除了 MIAX 摄像机，我想实景拍摄和缺乏绿幕是有帮助的。

事实证明，一切都如此写实，让演员更容易进入状态，结果也更加真实和自然。你可以明显感觉到，你所看到的并非摄像机制造的假象，而是真实发生的。我的意思是，那个死去的士兵幽灵出现的神奇场景，特技演员们带着呼吸管被埋在沙下。大约有一百个人被埋起来，然后他们破沙而出。天哪，观看效果极其震撼！

我担心我们已经达到了一个临界点，人们不再相信他们所看到的。因此，像《奥德赛》这样一部电影，因其更真实、更具触感而引起共鸣。

好莱坞正趋向于拥抱人工智能，认为这能解决问题——真的能吗？《奥德赛》向你证明，这并不是人们真正想要的。

我相信你看到了埃隆·马斯克说他要生成一个人工智能版本的《奥德赛》。

是的，那一定会很精美，会很惊人。祝那部电影好运吧，空洞的（评论）。我只是不理解那些不惜代价去憎恨的人。就像那位伟大的、具有革命精神的卡巴兹曾说过，人分为两种：创造者和破坏者。

这部电影多样化的演员阵容，也象征着我们生活的现实世界。我们拉丁裔人口占总人口的 20，但我们在执行层和公司管理层中几乎仍然是隐形的。

在过去几年里，你一直很坦率地指出好莱坞缺乏给拉丁裔提供的机会。

我曾经是一个非常理想主义的年轻人，我相信精英治理，尽管我来自一个贫困背景。但当我在纽约市时，我的班级里只有我一个拉丁裔，这对我来说很震惊，因为在这个城市里，我们的人口数量与白人相当。D.B. 斯威尼和安德鲁·麦卡锡在我的班级里，每天参加五次试镜，而我每五个月才一次，而且试的是毒贩或杀手。

我开始意识到，无论我做什么，无论我多么有才华，我永远不会拥有和他们一样的机会。这是我四十年来一直在面对的系统性种族主义，但它会影响你，因为你会开始内化这种想法，认为自己不够优秀，否则早就更进一步了。现在我 66 岁了，我知道这不是我的问题——而是体制的问题。

在 2022 年为《洛杉矶时报》撰写的一篇文章中，你指责好莱坞起用像哈维尔·巴登和安东尼奥·班德拉斯这样的西班牙人来扮演拉丁裔角色。

我有点难受，因为我不想让任何人难堪——艺术家们都是我的同行。我只是感到心烦，因为在好莱坞，针对拉丁裔人群的肤色歧视依然存在。西班牙人也是我们的拉丁裔，他们就像我一样。我们需要让整个拉丁裔离散群体都得到代表，而不仅仅是白人拉丁裔或趋向白人化的拉丁裔，因为那样基本上就像是在选白人演员。

谈到代表性，是否有年轻艺术家告诉你，你的存在为他们开启了可能性？

Lio-Marani [Hizondo] 告诉我过。还有为 Alicia Keys 编写《地狱之厨》(Hell's Kitchen) [书籍] 的 Kris Diaz，以及 [演员] Jorge Lendeltong。甚至连马特·达蒙 (Matt Damian) 也来跟我说，当他与本·阿弗莱克 (Ben Affleck) 看到我的独角戏时，他们意识到：“我的天，如果能全身心投入去做，我们可以写自己的故事”，然后他们写了《心灵捕手》(Good Will Hunting)。这对我来说太不可思议了，因为当我讲述我的故事时，我只是想激励那些感觉像我、长得像我的孩子们。

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纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

48 9

艺术

拉巴特皇家剧院可能会巩固扎哈·哈迪德作为开拓者的遗产。

作者：JOSEPH GOVACHEN

摩洛哥，拉巴特 —— 在帷幕拉开之前，由建筑师扎哈·哈迪德设计的摩洛哥新拉巴特皇家剧院便已让人屏息。这座位于布雷格雷格河畔的建筑，呈现出巨大的起伏感，在进入像峡谷般的大厅之前，先是营造出多个演出厅，然后向下延伸至入口。交错且富有节奏感的楼梯——犹如厚重的峭壁。歌剧院俯瞰着一个类似于鹅卵石形状的礼堂。这种形体塑造不仅仅是为了震撼。

在 2016 年去世前的职业生涯巅峰期，这位伊拉克裔英国建筑师设计了这座包含室内和室外舞台的皇家剧院。该项目是其一系列作品的顶峰，凭借技术上的精湛，她使这座高科技建筑看起来像是由自然风化雕琢而成的景观。

在她执业的最后十年里，她追求所谓的“极致运动与流动性”。数字技术将扎哈（首位获得普利兹克建筑奖的女性）以及她在事务所的亲密同事帕特里克·舒马赫尔从几何学的束缚和那些看起来像钢筋玻璃机器的冰冷建筑群中解放出来。

2016 年，摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世亲自邀请扎哈及其位于伦敦的事务所为首都拉巴特设计这座剧院。此前，国王对她参加的卡萨布兰卡剧院设计竞赛结果感到失望——当时该方案输给了法国建筑师 Christian de Portcamport。扎哈在拉巴特保留了她的原始设计。她 설得国王从零开始，打造一座量身定制于新场地（拉巴特与其双子城萨勒之间的河谷）的建筑。

然而，这种开端并非总是顺遂。二十年前在威尔士，她并未受到同样的王室欢迎。在那个本应成为职业生涯里程碑的项目中，这位艺术家在卡迪夫歌剧院的竞赛中经历了赢了、输了，然后在另一轮中又赢了又输的波折。这场三页剧本般的闹剧引发了关于风格与偏见的质疑。这座晶体状、棱角分明的建筑因过于时尚的“解构主义”而受到批评。该设计或许是预示脱欧的“矿井里的金丝雀”。一个重视传统的国家，拒绝一名伊拉克出生的女性移民将大都市化的设计带入一座省级城市。扎哈将这次拒绝视为个人攻击，并称其为“阻力与偏见”。她当时甚至考虑离开该国。

“卡迪夫湾的故事是她职业生涯中巨大的创伤之一，人们可以将拉巴特的这座半表演性建筑视为一种胜利的死后回响，”伦敦设计博物馆前馆长 Devan Sedjic 表示。在拉巴特，扎哈可以用某种审视的目光回溯往事。

4 月 22 日，国王的女儿 Lalla Khadija，以及他的姐妹 Lalla Meryem 和 Lalla Hanna 共同出席了这座皇家建筑的落成典礼，法国第一夫人布里吉特·马克龙也出席了仪式。演出节目涵盖了 Ychakh-eleg、陵墓、阿拉伯-希巴伊安歌曲以及电影《El Mahouet》，一位乌德琴大师表演了自己的作品，为这次盛典增色，标志着该剧院在展示国际剧目的同时，也将重点推介摩洛哥的音乐传统。

摩洛哥以其精致的摩尔式建筑而闻名 —— “奇迹之所”的作品、矗立的陶瓷以及令人迷醉的几何装饰。但这个国家在开幕式上……

JOSEPH GOVACHEN 是一位评论家和专业建筑师，目前正在撰写扎哈·哈迪德的传记。

巅峰之作

关于一位设计愿景先驱

gram 称之为“具有前瞻性”的建筑现在已为 21 世纪而建。先进的三维设计和施工软件在资深承包商的运用下，使剧院中那些极其困难的曲线变得可行。

该软件允许建筑师构思出具有云朵、山脉和景观般复杂程度的建筑。软件还使建筑师能够设计一种新型的“brak”玻璃纤维增强混凝土面板，这种面板可以像船身一样进行模塑。（它修正了哈迪德 2010 年在中国广州设计的歌剧院的平石瓦屋顶，此前该屋顶不符合屋顶壳体的曲率，导致部分瓦片脱落。）

流入大西洋的布雷格雷格河（Bou Regrog River）具有潮汐特性，水流会反向。在皇家剧院东南端的一道纤细波浪从曾经的沼泽地升起，随后变宽、膨胀且水流溢出。主波峰在 1,800 座的礼堂及其吊顶塔上方达到顶峰，随后向主入口沉降，并在那里遇到另一道波动。观众通过这种湍流进入建筑。“扎哈早期的草图显示，建筑周围水的流动影响了其形状，”剧院项目总监尼尔斯·费舍尔（Nils Fischer）说道。

“我事先就设计好了，”哈莱姆舞蹈剧院（Dance Theater of Harlem）执行总监凯蒂·吉莱斯（Katie Giles）在开幕式上看到它时说道。“它让你屏息，就像第一次乘坐过山车时那种心跳停止的感觉。然后，好奇心将你吸引进去。”

皇家剧院内部（位于摩洛哥拉巴特，由建筑师扎哈·哈迪德设计），剧院沿布雷格雷格河而建；在大堂中，一个硬朗且富有节奏感的楼梯延伸至四层。

音乐厅和歌剧院的任务是将音乐包裹在一个隔音容器中。哈迪德建造的不仅是一个容器，而是一场建筑表演。访客在像冲浪者穿过隧道一样的一道破碎波浪下进入。一条河滨大道贯穿内部，从入口经过高峡般的设计之都，然后向下延伸至一个靠近河流的 1,000 座镜面礼堂。

一切都在弯曲或倾斜。只有偶尔出现在流线型吧台上不锈钢浓缩咖啡机的直角打破了流动地形的魔咒。人的身体浸没在通常由自然界提供的感知之中。

“对于建筑上的这两者来说，看看它是否奏效，”纽约某机构的艺术总监亚历克斯·皮姆（Alex Peem）说道，他也参加了开幕式。“肉食性之翼、舞台后的深度、设备存储空间、一个漂亮的休息室，完全美妙的考量。”

一个字母将被安置在几个为了营造亲密感而设计的凹形大厅中。“当你处于愤怒中，那种翱翔的赌注给你一种被观众包围——被拥抱的感觉，”吉莱斯说道，她的舞团将在今年秋天该剧院的首个完整季度进行演出。“我怀疑我们的舞者会感到兴奋，因为他们想回报他们所感受到的东西。”

哈迪德与舒马赫（Schumacher）和费舍尔最初在 2016 年考察了场地，建筑工程于 2014. 年开始。施工于 2025, 年完工，在她去世五年后。塞杰克（Sedjic）表示，尽管是死后完工，“但这无疑是一座真正的扎哈建筑，提醒人们她作为一名建筑师是多么强大”。冠状病毒疫情推迟了开幕，随后又因剧院设备的供应链短缺而进一步延迟，并因 2025 年摩洛哥南部的灾难性地震而再次推迟。

这座 296,000 平方英尺、1070 million 的建筑在外交层面上被巧妙地呈现。费舍尔（Fischer）表示：“这座剧院充当了山谷两岸的连接者，而这两岸在历史上一直处于相当脱节的状态。”山谷本身位于山顶之下，那里矗立着穆罕默德六世（Mohammed VI）的祖父和父亲——穆罕默德五世（Mohammed V）与哈桑二世（Hassan II）的陵墓。（国王要求剧院的高度不得超过山顶的坡度。）

在穆罕默德六世的愿景下，艺术总监兼副总经理克里斯汀·埃尔·马扎德（Kristen El Mazzad）表示：“拉巴特皇家剧院反映了摩洛哥将文化和创意产业视为发展驱动力的更广泛承诺，同时加强了与非洲及世界的文化交流。”它旨在成为摩洛哥、阿拉伯和非洲音乐、舞蹈及戏剧的国际平台——当然，也包括西方流行文化（例如 10 月 29 日将举办的一场向迈克尔·杰克逊致敬的演出“The In Michael”）。

皇家剧院加入了一个经济特例群体，如弗兰克·盖里（Frank Gehry）在西班牙设计的毕尔巴鄂古根海姆博物馆，以及奥斯陆和澳大利亚悉尼的歌剧院，这些建筑使这三座城市成为了文化目的地。

盖尔斯（Giles）表示：“这将是哈莱姆舞蹈公司自 90 年代在纳尔逊·曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）的请求下在南非演出以来，首次重返非洲大陆。我们都明白这座剧院在摩洛哥以及整个大陆上的重要意义。”

对于哈迪德（Hadid）而言——她在黎巴嫩贝鲁特的美国大学学习数学，成年后一直生活在伊拉克离散群体中，且经常在摩洛哥度假——这个项目是一次文化传承。在千禧年之后，凭借普利兹克奖的加持以及在中国的成功项目，这类国家为她提供了重大委托。然而，阿拉伯之春中断了许多计划，之后新的委托才再次到来。在舒马赫（Schumacher）的领导下，目前在纽约、非洲和中东地区已有六个以上的遗作建筑被建成或正在建设中。

几个世纪以来，建筑师们一直在大教堂和清真寺中构建荣耀。哈迪德曾在信中写道：“我认为人们一直渴望投资于这样的空间。走进一个宏伟的空间，一个天堂般的空间，会让人感到振奋。”

作为一座表演场所，皇家剧院虽显庄重，但它具有将观众带入虚构时空的能力。哈迪德将这种惊叹之情延伸到了幕布之外，并将其布置在整座建筑之中。

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10

AIR

纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

---

投资 / 创新 / 就业

2026 年 8 月 2 日，星期日

家长们越来越愿意为孩子接受追踪和分析，并将育儿决定外包给技术。

当人工智能入侵《激烈竞争》(Heated Rivalry) 同人小说

作者：EMMY MARTIN

旧金山 —— 6月，一个名为 John Doe、账号为 @heatedrivalryai 的账户出现在 X 上。John Doe 很快发布了一个链接，指向一份 25 页的文档，标题为《同人圈隐藏的生成式人工智能问题》。

该文档对受《激烈竞争》（Heated Rivalry）—— 这部关于敌对到相爱的男性状态冰球浪漫故事 —— 启发的同人小说作者进行了系统性的揭发，指出这些人使用了人工智能来生成故事的部分内容。文档点名了 35 篇热门的同人故事，称其内容来自 Anthropic 的 Claude 聊天机器人，其中包括该社区一些阅读量最高的作者的作品。

同人圈因一个未知来源指责人工智能辅助创作的故事而陷入混乱。

该文档谴责这种做法，称：“在创意空间中，未披露的人工智能泛滥限制了人类表达（无论是写作还是其他媒介）脱颖而出的机会。”随后，这个匿名账户请求粉丝们“记得友善地对待彼此”。

但他们并没有这么做。

几个小时内，X 的动态中充满了关于“同人小说皮诺采特文件”（fan fiction Pinzotta Papers）的帖子，正如一位《激烈竞争》的粉丝所言，这是在引用 2000 年关于全球精英财务交易的泄密事件。这些发现迅速传到了 Threads、Reddit、Bloody 和 TikTok。数千人表示震惊。

许多人开始公开指责被点名的作者，用评论轰炸他们，并点名羞辱其他数十篇故事。

一些作者注销了账号或删除了作品。 续接第 4 页

3 工作伙伴

在职场中应对难以相处的同事时，是没有年龄限制的。作者：HUG REED

3 行业对话

机器正在向我们学习，包括如何隐藏一些糟糕的内容。作者：LUKE KELLY

5 退休规划

产权不明的房地产可能会阻碍家族财富的传承。作者：MARTIN E. SMITH

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2 运行

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

K

含利息

25 million

可能面临成本上涨的拥有联邦医疗保险（Medicare）D部分药物保险的美国人。

在特朗普政府宣布计划取消拜登时代对联邦医疗保险药费的补贴后，数百万美国老年人明年可能需要支付更高额的处方药保险费用。

其中包括 25 million 拥有传统联邦医疗保险下独立D部分药物保险的美国人。根据非营利健康研究机构KPF的数据，这些人目前的平均月缴费约为 $36。另有 31 million 人通过联邦医疗保险优势计划（Medicare Advantage）获得药物保险，该计划是为 65 岁及以上人群提供的私营部门替代方案。

联邦医疗保险与医疗补助服务中心（CMS）行政员梅赫met Oz博士在社交媒体帖子中谈到了这些变化，他写道：“大多数联邦医疗保险受益人的保费上涨幅度将低于 $10，许多人的保费甚至会更低。”但正如《纽约时报》的Rebecca Robbins和Reed Abelson所报道，由于不同计划的价格有所不同，人们明年具体需要支付多少钱目前尚不明确。

在 2024, 拜登政府设立了该补贴计划，以抵消原本将在 2025. 导致联邦医疗保险药费大幅上涨的变化。当时，共和党人对该计划提出了尖锐批评，该计划向保险公司提供数十亿美元以抑制成本，共和党称这只能提供临时缓解，且是旨在影响选民的明显政治操弄。

现在，随着中期选举临近，且许多人正苦于应对杂货店和加油站不断上涨的价格，更高的药物成本可能会对共和党造成不利影响。在选举前为明年的药物计划挑选方案的联邦医疗保险受益人们，将会看到新的成本。

民主党抓住这次宣布的机会批评特朗普总统和共和党。民主党全国委员会发言人Kendall Witmer在的一份声明中表示，特朗普先生和共和党人“正竭尽全力让美国人，尤其是老年人无法负担医疗保健费用”。LORA KELLEY

“没有前瞻性指引。没有框架指引。什么都没有。”

50 FAR THIS YEAR

股市上涨。 S&P 500, +0.4%

抵押贷款利率上涨。 BANK847, 低 30 年期固定利率, 6.82%, +0.82 POINTS

失业救济申领人数下降。 四周移动平均线, +7.4%

资产管理公司PMCO的经济学家TOTANY WILSHIG，在美联储主席Kevin M. Marsh举行新闻发布会后，谈到了市场对于联邦研究局（Federal Research）下一步如何调整利率的不确定性。

“我们有工作要做，但我们也失去了很大一部分人力，他们都被这些数据中心吸走了。”

TYLER SMELTON, 29, 底特律的一名见习电工。

“在另行通知之前，这是一个勉强维持的经济体。”

康奈尔法学院宏观经济学高级研究员、金融公司Westwood Capital管理合伙人DAN ALPERT，谈到了美国经济在第二季度的增长放缓。

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纽约时报, 星期日, 8月 2, 2026

H 80 3

工作之友 / MAX READ

13 岁的人在工作中也有烦恼

我今年 13 岁，在当地游泳池的游泳课上担任救生员助理志愿者。这里有八名志愿者——三名女孩和 5 名男孩——我们的工作主要是在水里站着，确保小蒂米在练习自由泳时不会像块石头一样沉下去。当然，救生员也在看着，除非学生人数超过救生员，否则志愿者不需要在水里。

问题在于此：我们通常负责留意是否需要进入水中。通常，当需要帮助时，我和其他女孩最终在帮忙，而男孩们则在继续玩棒球（或其他东西），对此毫无察觉。当我们试图让他们帮忙时，他们总是回避。

但更让我恼火的是，他们（男孩们）发现我完全是个书呆子，而且似乎觉得这很有趣。在他们没忙着玩棒球的任何时段，他们都坚持要求我告诉他们一个“课程趣味小知识”。我喜欢告诉他们这些事情，尽管我知道他们并不想知道——他们只是想嘲笑我。但我很难找到在年幼孩子面前分享起来真正舒服的事实，因为我觉得有趣的大部分事实都与谋杀或尸体有某种关系。（我必须了解这些！我长大后想成为一名法医病理学家或私家侦探。）此外，自从我被一个做倒立的 5 岁孩子踢到而脱口而出“我的天呐！”（By Jove!）之后，男孩们在遇到任何稍微令人惊讶的事情（例如击出本垒垒）时，就没停止过大喊“By Jove!”，因为他们觉得嘲笑我这种莫名其妙的古板很有趣。同样，我个人并不介意——这确实是个奇怪的说法——但这干扰了课堂，而且他们并不帮着管理课堂。

我认为，要么男孩们应该开始承担自己的责任，要么在他们不工作时，应该停止依赖我来娱乐他们。但我怀疑，无论我和谁谈，对方都只会说类似“青春期的男孩就是那样”之类的话，然后不采取任何行动。或者我可以进行报复——这将是我最希望的结果——但我完全不知道该怎么做。我有一些想法，但在执行上相当成问题，而且无论如何都不太光彩。（我愿意做一个混蛋，但我必须公平地对待这件事。）我该怎么办？—— 匿名

这个情况的有趣之处在于，你在 15, 岁时面对的是一个普遍的职场问题，一个同样影响当地人员和 Fortune 500 公司的（而且大概也影响法医病理实验室和私家侦探事务所的）问题：那些推卸所有工作，并用过度友好来掩盖自己缺乏贡献的同事。

年长同事的戏弄在个人层面并没有太困扰你，对此我表示尊重。就 10 岁孩子的行为而言，这种通过挑衅获得关注的方式并非最糟糕的。如果你面临的主要问题只是在工作中要应对烦人的男孩，我想我会建议你忽略他们，直到他们转移注意力或满 10, 岁，以先到者为准。

但在我看来，这种被视为“书呆子”的设定也被用来营造一种舒适的氛围，确保了他们将工作转嫁给你和其他女孩的方式。只要你配合，哪怕是不情愿的配合，他们就很容易让救生员和任何剩余的成年人（甚至可能包括他们自己）认为目前的安排一切正常。

我认为，需要用更积极的方式来应对这一切。当男孩们要求听“课程趣味小知识”时，请拒绝；当他们说“My Jove”时，不要露出笑容。甚至不要翻白眼。你不需要表现得真的很刻薄——事实上，最好能保持一种中立的疏离感。

如果他们问你为什么突然沉默，你可以说：当我承担所有工作而你们在指导时，我没心情开玩笑。你不需要追求完美的机智回应，否则那会变成某种复仇计划。那种情节只存在于电影中。在现实生活中，没有什么比面对一个不认可你付出的人更容易让人心烦的了。

如果运气好，那些男孩中至少有些人会早早地意识到这一点，这样你就不用花时间去纠结，并假设其他人——更有可能是其他人——会在时间快到时处理。教给对方一个深刻教训所带来的长期满足感，也许并不完全等同于你脑海中复仇计划的快感，但这并不是一种糟糕的感觉。

你仍然需要与主管或其他权威人士讨论关于那些男孩逃避工作的具体问题。我理解你担心会收到“十几岁的男孩就是那样”这种回应，但我的意思是，这是一个安全问题，如果这些男孩不尽到自己的职责，管理层需要知道。

因此，拒绝为男孩们的偷懒提供社交掩护会有所帮助。你也可以考虑拒绝给他们提供实际的掩护。如果你通过请求无法让救生员来帮忙——而且

如果无法说服那些男孩自己下水——你和你的助理同事们可以通过拒绝进入泳池，直到那些男孩完成了他们应尽的工作份额，以此来解决这个问题。开始练习“停工”永远不算太早。

周五谜题

这件事发生在我的熟人身上，我称他为詹姆斯。詹姆斯在一家大公司的当地小型办事处工作了两年。办公室里有六名员工，都在一个大房间里工作。只有经理有独立的办公室。经理不知道如何使用计算机系统和其他技术。以前有一名助理经理知道如何使用技术并负责培训人员，但她不再在那里工作了。六名员工中有三名是新人。其中一名仍在培训中。

最近，经理在周五下午把詹姆斯叫到办公室里大发雷霆。詹姆斯完全出乎意料。他认为一切进展顺利。经理告诉他：“不要说你不知道自己做了什么，因为我知道你清楚。”他还补充道：“你需要专注于你自己的工作，不要担心别人怎么工作。你让每个工作日都变得痛苦。”

那一周，一名资深员工在休假，一名在请病假。由于人员缺席，那名仍在培训的同事被投入了工作。詹姆斯一直试图帮助新人，回答问题。他认为大家团队协作良好。他不禁在想，哪些同事对他不满意。

那么，詹姆斯在短期内和长期内应该如何处理这种情况？——匿名读者

有时，《世界职场》（World Prisust）会对我们发布的电子邮件进行轻微修改，使其表达更流畅且易于所有人理解。但我保留了这封信的细节——读者需要知道我们在这里面对的是什么样的内容。

你的问题像个逻辑谜题，而且就像逻辑谜题一样，让我头疼。我是否应该试图推断出詹姆斯的哪位同事在这次问题中背叛了他——是那个在培训中的人？另一个新人？还是第三个新人？我是否应该向你提出一些问题，以得出一个令人满意但出人意料的答案？（医生当然是詹姆斯的母亲。）

字里行间的问题在于，詹姆斯也将这次奇怪的转折视为一个逻辑谜题，试图通过模糊的线索地查出谁在抱怨，以及抱怨了什么。但究竟是谁抱怨的，或者所谓的过错是什么，其实并不重要。问题出在詹姆斯和他的老板之间。根据我掌握的有限信息，詹姆斯可能并不像他想象中那样乐于助人，这完全是有可能的。但即便他该被训斥，他的老板说出像“不要说你不知道自己做了什么，因为我知道你清楚”这样的话，显然是非常不专业的。

詹姆斯应该礼貌地要求老板给出具体细节。（“请告诉我我被指控做了什么，这样我才能尝试修正它。”）如果对方不提供，他应该继续这样做。（“您能帮我更好地理解我哪里做错了吗？”）但如果这确实是詹姆斯的经理管理员工的方式，我认为从长远来看，詹姆斯应该寻找新工作。也许可以尝试写逻辑谜题？

Max Read 撰写关注科技行业的通讯“Read Max”。

请将关于办公室、人际交往和工作与生活平衡的问题发送至 watchhead.lynxpress.com。请附上您的姓名和所在地，即使您希望在发表时将其隐去。来信可能会经过编辑。

职场谈话 / LORA KELLEY

“谋划” (Scheming)

/skd-ming/

有时，人工智能模型过于执着于追求奖励，以至于为了达成目标而违抗人类的指令。

人工智能工具正被训练以复制人类几乎所有的行为。因此，这些机器也开始学习人类撒谎和欺骗的弱点，这或许并不令人惊讶。

最近，一小部分人工智能技术被发现违抗人类指令（甚至掩盖这一行为），一些研究人员将这种现象称为“谋划”（scheming）。

这个词在技术领域开始流行，源于研究员 Joe Carbonth 在 2023 年发表的一篇论文，他指出这一概念也被称为“欺骗性对齐”（deceptive alignment）。2025 年，一名来自 Apollo Research 和 OpenAI 的人士表示：“人工智能谋划——即表面上表现出对齐，实际上却在秘密追求其他议程——是我们一直在研究的一个重大风险。”

Apollo Research 的高级研究科学家 Brannan Schuett 曾撰文探讨“谋划”问题，他表示，人工智能模型在许多方面都很出色，但完全按照指令行事并不总是其中之一。“随着模型越来越在意测试成绩，一些模型似乎不再在意机器本身想要什么，”他说道。他补充说，有时“模型会试图躲避你的察觉，以免被发现”。

人工智能安全非营利组织 METR 的总裁 Chris Painter 将这种干扰行为称为“模糊行动”（vague action），并表示这是“模型训练方式产生的一种特定产物”。

许多人工智能工具是通过强化学习过程训练的。Painter 先生解释说，当人工智能做对了，它会得到一个可以被视为“加速并给予奖励”的反馈；而当它做错时，“它会被‘敲头’”。

模型想要得到奖励并避免被惩罚。有时，机器对追求奖励过于执着，以至于为了达成目标而破坏规则。

上个月，人们看到了这种智能行为的实际案例。在一次系统能力测试中，OpenAI 的模型在生成答案时，潜入了 blogging Face（一个人工智能工具库）。OpenAI 在一篇博客文章中写道：“所有证据表明，模型过度专注于为 ExploitCyn 寻找解决方案，为了实现一个相当狭隘的测试目标不择手段。”

Painter 先生将该事件描述为一个大规模的“奖励驱动”案例。也就是说，模型被交给了一个难题，它采取了一系列网络攻击，而不是选择放弃。

由于 OpenAI 的设计限制，该公司周四表示，已发现其部分人工智能模型近期入侵了三个外部组织的系统。

在许多人看来，这种行为是模型在犯错，而非故意“违抗”人类。

“一方面，有些人完全将其人格化，认为它是一个有能力的、随机的代理人，”人工智能评估平台 Arena 的首席执行官兼创始人 N. Angelopoulos 教授说，“而另一个极端，则有人认为人工智能仅仅是软件。”

他指出，即使机器产生了“模糊”行为，人类也可以随时终止进程，因为我们还没有实现完全自主的人工智能（至少目前还没有）。

尽管这个问题目前相对小众，但研究人员担心，随着人工智能代理被赋予更多责任，情况可能会恶化。Schuett 先生表示：“既然目前由人类做出的决定正慢慢移交给模型，你真的、非常需要确保模型做出的决定正是你希望它们做出的决定。”

《Shop Talk》探讨商业世界的惯用语。想要为本专栏推荐用户或店铺？请发送邮件至 shoptalk@lynxpress.com

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4

HU 36

纽约时报，星期日，2020年8月2日

当聊天机器人入侵《炽热竞争》同人小说时

接第 1 页

“这绝对是一场猎巫行动，”28 岁的麦克辛·胡德（Maxine Hood）说道。她是旧金山的一名软件工程师，也是同人小说《炽热竞争》（Heated Rivalry）的粉丝。该小说于去年被改编成电视剧，由哈德逊·威廉姆斯（Hudson Williams）和康纳·诺里斯（Connor Norris）饰演那对出名的滑冰运动员。

许多粉丝圈（fandoms）都是神圣的空间，在这里，人类的创造力被高度重视，而对布雷兹·霍兰德（Blaze Hollander）和伊利亚·巴扎诺夫（Ilya Bazanov）这类《炽热竞争》中年轻主角的喜爱深沉且持久。几年前，同人小说作者是最早意识到科技公司正在抓取他们的故事来开发 A.I. 模型的在线社区之一。这些作者出于对心爱角色的热爱而免费分享故事，于是他们开始锁定自己的作品，并贴上“禁止 A.I.”（No A.I.）的免责声明。

在其他匿名人士发布该文件后，这件事触动了人们的神经，引发了一场持续至今的集体网络愤怒。那些多年来试图让机器远离自己作品的人们，发现机器的措辞就隐藏在他们社区的故事之中。

“感觉这个空间被侵犯了，”29 岁的阿门·扎伊迪（Amen Zaidi）说道。她是一名来自康涅狄格州、在 TikTok 上制作粉丝圈内容的平面设计师。她说，她最强烈的情绪是：背叛感。

每天 20,000 字

多年来，《激烈竞争》（Heated Rivalry）一直是同人小说中一个安静的角落。里德女士于 2016 年开始发表这些小说，根据粉丝运营的 Faskers 网站，截至去年 11 月，在同人小说数据库 Archive of Our Own 上已有 223 篇基于这段浪漫关系的故事。

那个月，《激烈竞争》在 HBO Max 上首播并引发了巨大轰动。突然之间，全国各地的俱乐部里，“激烈竞争”主题之夜开始门票售罄。在米兰冬奥会之前的 1 月，斯塔里先生和威廉姆斯先生分别担任了奥运火炬手。5 月，他们走在了 Met Gala 的花卉主题红毯上。

在 Archive of Our Own 上，《激烈竞争》的同人小说数量激增。剧集播出后，每天大约有 100 篇故事被上传，目前总数已超过 40,000 篇。

在这些故事中，作者们构建了一个巨大的游乐场。许多作品是情色小说。其他作品则将这些冰球运动员想象在平行宇宙中，比如成为竞争对手关系的大学教授或宇航员。

Connor Norris, 64, 和 Hudson Williams 出现在 HBO Max 的《激烈竞争》中。自该剧开播以来，相关同人小说的条目数量已从不足 200 篇飙升至超过 42,000 篇。

最受欢迎的故事《请留言》想象了霍兰德先生球队中球员的妻子和女友们不小心将巴扎诺夫先生加入了她们的群聊，误认为他是霍兰德先生的女友。该故事以一系列短信的形式呈现，拥有超过 155,000 次“交易”（等同于点赞）。

“《激烈竞争》成为了‘世界上最受欢迎的同人圈之一’，”30 岁的劳伦·布斯说道，她是西北大学写作研究的博士后学者，并共同主持一个《激烈竞争》粉丝伴随播客。

但随着同人小说的数量以不可思议的速度增加，流言也随之而起。

“有些同人小说太长了，字数多得离谱，而且它们发布的时间间隔意味着这些人每天必须写大约 20,000 字，”29 岁的罗宾·齐尼科夫斯基说道，她是纽约的一名护士，也是该剧的粉丝。“这些人难道没有工作吗？”

4 月，曾在一家数据标注公司为 AI 生成文本评分的扎伊迪女士在 TikTok 上发布了一段两分钟的视频，讲述一个她确信由 AI 生成的故事。她引用了一些句子，特点是冗长的句子后跟着短碎的片段，这是 AI 写作的典型风格。

评论纷至沓来。一些粉丝同意 AI 参与其中。另一些人则认为在没有证据的情况下判定作者是不可接受的。扎伊迪女士将视频设为了私密。

“我不想成为这场‘猎巫行动’的一部分，”她说。

对于齐尼科夫斯基先生来说，最可靠的辨别方法是人体解剖学。AI 生成的段落在描述身体动作时会露出破绽，尤其是在性爱场景中，比如手放在了无法触及的地方。这里不能详细列举过多例子，但一个符合 PC 评级（通用标准）的例子出现在热门故事《Wulfbird》中，当时巴扎诺夫先生躺在霍兰德先生的背上。当故事写到巴扎诺夫先生仍然能看到霍兰德先生的侧面时，齐尼科夫斯基女士感到十分违和。

里德女士和该电视剧的创作者雅各布·蒂尔尼的代表拒绝了采访请求。HBO Max 的代表、斯塔里先生和威廉姆斯先生未对此请求发表评论。

纯红

关于 @jheatedrivalryai 账号背后的身份知之甚少。我接触过的粉丝，包括 Reddit 上“激烈竞争”页面的一个版主，都表示对此一无所知。

在我联系该账号请求评论后，一位使用化名 Ghostiedagger 的人士发送电子邮件，声称是该账号背后的团队成员。“我协助揭露了众多 AI 同人小说作者，并当面抓住了他们，”Ghostiedagger 写道。

Ghostiedagger 不愿提供真名或进行聊天，仅为该账号的前提进行辩护：即同人小说应该保持人类特有的瑕疵。“我们是一个认为同人圈旨在建立社区的群体，”Ghostiedagger 写道。

该账号的“同人圈有一个隐藏的...

“我们不了解，也无法

得知作品在

发布之前是如何

创作的。”

BEST POSSIBLE 477 ARCHIVE OF OUR OWN

这份“生成式人工智能问题”文档非常详细。它解释了当 Claude 写作时，它会用一段 HTML 代码标记文本：'font-claude-response-body'。当作者将文字从 Claude 转移到 Archive of Our Own 时，这段代码也随之转移。Jobs Doe 仅需在《Heated Rivalry》的同人小说中搜索该代码即可。（该方法仅能捕捉到 Claude，而不能捕捉到其他冲突来源的写作。）

该文档还包含一段任何人都可以使用的自定义代码，任何带有该 HTML 代码的项目都会显示为亮红色。

有些故事中包含数百处该代码。“很多这类小说简直全红了，”25 岁的 Kelsey Kaiser 说道，她在南卡罗来纳州的州际收藏部门工作，并在业余时间创作《Heated Rivalry》小说。

几位粉丝表示，他们不知道此前是否有过任何粉丝圈在作者自行披露之前，就拥有确凿证据证明特定人工智能接触过其小说的案例。人们在《The Pile》和《Stranger Things》等其他粉丝圈中运行该自定义代码——并发现了匹配项。

规模较小的一次抗议是针对一篇名为《Nutcracker》的《Heated Rivalry》故事，该故事由 Archive of Our Own 上一个名为 Opal / ppartition 的热门账号发布，该账号还发布了《Wulfbird》。在这篇将冰球运动员设定为芭蕾舞演员和舞台经理的故事中，点击量超过 203,000 次，转发量 12,000 次。该文档在文中仅发现了两处 Claude 代码，但该账号此前曾公开反对人工智能。

18 岁的 Mikayla Hoover 在阿肯色州从事客户服务工作，她说她热爱《Nutcracker》，并对这一发现感到心碎。她阅读了所有内容。Opal / ppartition 创作并甚至引用了一些内容。“这感觉就像在粉丝圈中失去了一个我真正尊敬的人，”她说。

Opal / ppartition 因压力巨大于 4 月份停止发布《Heated Rivalry》故事，未回应置评请求。

在 Jobs Doe 标记的 18 篇故事中，10 篇引发了争论，且从未被锁定（仅限注册的 Archive of Our Own 用户可见）。另有 10 篇添加了注释，解释其对人工智能的使用。

一名作者向“任何感到被背叛或被冷落的人”道歉，并承诺再也不使用人工智能工具。另一名作者则指责一名编辑了某个章节的朋友，在该章节中出现了 6 处人工智能实例，对方删除了原文本并写道“因为是保险公司”，更多请求分离开来置评。

并非所有人将该文档视为一项公共服务。旧金山的软件工程师 Hood 女士表示，该文档的前提是任何隐藏的人工智能使用行为都是背叛，无论程度多么轻微。但它同时也提及了每篇故事在点击量和转发量方面的受欢迎程度。在 Hood 女士看来，这破坏了原则：如果单一实例就是问题，那么故事的受欢迎程度不应产生影响。

“如果你心存纯粹的意图，那不应该是相关的，”她说，并补充道，该文档读起来像是一种羞辱该筹款平台最受欢迎作者的方式。

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纽约时报，星期日，2, 2020

N. BU. 5

退休 / MARTHA C. WHITE

自定规则

四周后，一些粉丝正试图寻找前行之路。

如何实现则是问题所在。管理非营利性网站 Archive of Our Own 的 Transliterative Works 组织，在应对 AI 抓取方面采取了技术屏障。但其服务条款并未禁止 AI 辅助创作的作品。

“在作品提交之前，我们不知道也不可能知道作品是如何创作的，”凯斯西储大学法学教授、Archive of Our Own 法律委员会领导者贝齐·罗森布拉特（Betsy Rosenblatt）表示。她认为，一项禁止使用 AI 的规定“将成为骚扰的温床”，这可能会引发该网站永远无法公正裁决的指控。

因此，粉丝们开始为 AI 制定自己的规则。在 Reddit 上，“Heated Rivalry”同人小说页面的版主本月向其 40,000 名成员发起了一项投票，询问是否应从网站上删除已被证实使用 AI 的故事链接，或者删除任何被发现使用 AI 的作者的所有故事链接。三天后，642 人投票支持禁止任何使用 AI 的作者的所有故事链接，525 人投票支持仅删除相关故事。版主们已经开始删除链接。

朱德科夫斯基（Judkowski）女士说，互联网上的反应让一些人不敢写作，“因为周围笼罩着一种暴民心态”。

53 岁的丽贝卡·陶布纳（Rebecca Taubner）是哈佛法学院教授，与罗森布拉特女士共同领导 Archive of Our Own 的法律委员会。她说，她无法让自己去检查她最喜欢的“Heated Rivalry”故事是否在“无名氏”（John Doe）的名单上。

“我不想知道，因为那会让我失望，”她说。

她说，同人小说本应该是唯一一个风险低到令人愉悦的地方。

丽贝卡·陶布纳（下方），哈佛法学院教授，共同主持同人小说数据库 Archive of Our Own 的法律委员会。右侧，她家中的同人小说标题集。

祖母房子的房契是否妥当？

“如果你把房产留给一个人，那就很简单，”位于马里兰州拉普拉塔的 Parker Financial 公司的创始人克里斯汀·帕克（Christine Parker）说道，“如果你把它留给多个人，纠纷就随之而来了。”

没有明确所有权产权的房产继承可能会阻碍你积累家族财富。

克里斯汀·帕克是一位认证理财规划师，她帮助客户解决关于财富传承的复杂问题。然而，当人们告诉她继承了房产时，她首先提出的问题看似简单，实则深意：“房契意味着什么？”

许多人认为房产继承就是“留给孩子”。但帕克女士表示，实际情况并非如此“简单”。这位位于马里兰州拉普拉塔的 Parker Financial 创始人表示：“分配资产有时很复杂，尤其是房产时更是如此。”

帕克女士对于继承房产——以及其中包含的财富——是如何丢失的有切身体会。

当她得知自己和其他五名亲属对一份未列入祖母遗产的土地拥有继承权时，县政府已经没收了该房产，并因欠税将其出售。要将其赎回将涉及高昂的费用、买回所有权并支付租金——而且还需要与共同所有者协调，而并非所有人都同意这样做。

“如果你把房产留给一个人，那就很简单，”帕克女士说，“如果你把它留给多个人，纠纷就随之而来了。”她补充说，这次经历影响了她与客户讨论财务遗产的方式：“我确实把这个问题放在了讨论的前列。”

内部长期期待且共同继承的房产可能会变成法律泥潭。当继承人缺乏法律所有权时，该房产就变成了所谓的“继承人财产”（heirs' property）。这种状态使房产面临被强制出售的高风险，并阻碍后代积累保障性财富。

“这是该国最不稳定的财产集体所有权形式，”波士顿学院法学院教授、土地、住房与产权计划创始人兼主任托马斯·W·米切尔（Thomas W. Mitchell）表示。他和其他专家表示，家庭需要提高对此的意识。

“人们正坐在潜在的资源上，这些资源本可以帮助他们摆脱贫困，或者通过建立世代财富来获得成功，”继承人财产中心（Center for Heirs' Property）首席执行官珍妮·史蒂文斯（Jennie Stephens）说道。该中心是一家位于南卡罗来纳州的非营利组织，旨在帮助家庭清理继承人财产的产权。她补充道：“当房产由多人共同所有时，无法维持其有效利用。”

这个问题对于黑人业主来说尤为严重。据人口普查局估计，自 1976 年以来，80% 的黑人拥有土地因涉及“继承人财产”而流失。政府将其称为“非裔美国人非自愿失去土地的主要原因”。

“这一问题的根源可追溯到内战后的重建 era。黑人家庭拥有土地、房屋和农场，但经常被剥夺获得法律服务的机会。由于无法起草并提交、记录产权转移，或以其他方式创建所有权的法律记录，业主很容易受到投机者的侵害。”

“最初是几代人缺乏接触律师的实际机会，后来这种现象变得常态化，”米切尔先生说。即使在今天，许多成为继承人财产的业主在去世时仍没有有效的遗嘱，或者其继承人未能使其具有法律约束力。

“剥削的遗产也导致了至今依然存在的对金融和法律机构的不信任。失去土地的历史使人们不愿参与其中，”史蒂文斯女士说。

蒂凡尼·泰特（Tiffany Tate）是一位来自北卡罗来纳州温斯顿-塞勒姆的创业者，她担心已故祖父母在北卡罗来纳州的住宅可能会面临风险，这片土地是他们在做了多年佃农之后买下的。“能够买下自己的土地，建立起这个家园并在那里抚养所有孩子，这是一件非常重要的事情，”40 岁的泰特女士说道，“在面对相当不利的客观条件时，他们通过艰苦努力才实现了这一点。”

她的已故姨妈的女儿、她的母亲以及另一位姨妈都对该房产拥有权益。“我想把它买下来，这样房子和土地就能留在家族中，但目前还没有做出任何决定，”她说，并补充道她的母亲一直不愿讨论这个话题。

帕克女士表示，她一些客户的长辈同样心存顾虑。其中有些人甚至不想制定遗嘱或遗产计划，因为他们长期以来对法律和金融机构不信任。

米切尔先生表示，虽然这种谨慎可以理解，但房主在去世后可能会使其财务遗产面临风险。

继承人面临的最大风险是强制出售。几十年来，继承房产的所有者（其中许多是黑人）一直成为投机者和开发商的目标，这些人通过从单一继承人手中购买小部分的所有权份额，从而触发所谓的“分割出售”（partition sale）。在这种由法院命令的程序中，销售速度很快，且几乎没有公开通知，买家必须以现金支付，这几乎保证了低价出售。

智库城市研究所（Urban Institute）住房金融政策中心高级研究员迈克尔·尼尔（Michael Neal）表示，一个多世纪以来，开发商一直利用分割出售来以低于市场价的价格获取土地。他指出，将银行手段武器化是触发此类销售的关键，因为这是开发商商业模式的核心部分。

“让经济效益可行的是能够以低于市场价值的价格获得这些房屋，”尼尔先生说。

这也影响了房地产中的权益。当房产仍在使用已故亲属的名字时，当前的持有者无法将其作为抵押品或以此借款，甚至无法申请房屋权益贷款来支付维修费用。他们也无法从该房产中产生收入，或利用政府的援助计划，包括贷款、拨款和房产税减免。

德克萨斯大学法学院临床教授兼住房政策诊所主任海瑟·凯瑟琳·韦（Heather Katherine Way）表示：“如果土地所有权证上没有你的名字，那么在许多州，房产税负担会很重，因为这些州对所有权证明的要求非常严格且没有灵活性，因此你无法符合这些计划的申请资格。”

如果原业主或其继承人无法承担房产税，房产可能会被没收。韦女士的研究发现，作为继承财产的单户住宅的欠税率高达 18%，而其他房屋的欠税率为 2%。另一项分析发现，超过一半的房产税止赎案件涉及的是继承房产。

对于经历了绅士化或房地产价格大幅上涨地区的业主来说，税收负担可能尤为沉重，例如在德克萨斯州的塔赞县。韦女士发现，仅无法获得（房屋所有者 / 豁免权）一项就使继承房产的所有者损失了近

许多州在所有权证明方面有着非常严格的要求，且缺乏灵活性。

每年 $2,000 或税收减免。Way 女士补充说，这项豁免只是继承财产所有者无法申请的众多一项。

“所有这些价格都是造成种族和经济不平等的重大因素，”Way 女士说。

专家担心，黑人家庭面对这些风险时尤为脆弱，因为黑人家庭财富中房地产所占的比例更高。大约 44 percent 的黑人美国人净资产来自房屋净值，而白人家庭为 49 percent。这种集中度令专家担忧，因为如果这些家庭遭遇财务挫折，他们能够利用的其他资产很少。

法律并非万灵药

“房产所有权正成为进入住房所有权的日益常见的入口，因此，我们的法律能否为社会中最脆弱的成员提供便利至关重要，”Way 女士说。为此，超过一半的州（包括许多继承财产十分普遍的南方州）已通过了不同版本的《统一房产分割法》(Uniform Partition of State Property Act)，该立法旨在防止分割销售。

“U.P.H.F.A. 为他们提供了这种程序保护，旨在尽可能地将财产留在家庭内部，”制定该示范法的统一法律委员会 (Uniform Law Commission) 立法顾问 Jane Hovnecky 表示。

为了出售一块可能由数十名已故男性拥有的财产而理清繁琐的程序是一个艰巨的过程。南卡罗来纳州pleasant市 Gera McDowell 律师事务所的首席律师兼创始人 Gina McDowell 表示，她曾处理过的一宗销售涉及 38 名后代，花费了两年的时间才完成交易。

“这很令人遗憾，因为土地是有价值的，但这就像是在驱赶一群乱跑的羊，”她说。

如果原财产所有者去世时没有留下遗嘱，关于父母与子女之间口头协议的冲突主张可能会使家庭陷入僵局，甚至即使遗赠给子女等分的房屋份额也可能导致冲突。

“通常这与土地本身无关，而是与从未被解决的家庭动态有关，”Stephens 女士说。

来自温斯顿-塞勒姆的 Tate 女士表示，她希望与亲戚就祖父母的房屋达成协议。“我认为这是一个给我的这一代人留下一些东西的机会，”她说。她希望她 10 岁的女儿能拥有那段家族历史的一部分。

“将土地或房屋留在我们的家庭中将是一种姿态，但我不知道我的遗产定义是否与他们的相同，”她在思考祖父母曾面临的障碍时说道，“我只想以此表达敬意。”

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

婴儿监护设备的繁荣生意

像 Nanit 这样的初创公司提供的数据量，有些人觉得令人愉悦，而另一些人则觉得令人不安。

作者：SAPHA MAHESHWARI

在我的第一个孩子出生后的绝大多数夜晚，她的睡眠都被 Nanit 智能婴儿监护系统记录并分析。一个固定在墙上的时尚白色摄像头直接对准她的身体。高清视频被传输到服务器，那里的机器学习算法记录她的动作，以及她睁眼和闭眼的精确时刻。这些数据被浓缩成图表和见解，我和丈夫在 Nanit 应用程序中查看：从 0 到 100 的每日“睡眠效率”分数；入睡所需分钟数；以及一夜之间我们需要被唤醒的次数。

起初，我们购买这个监护仪仅仅是为了能通过手机在任何地方查看女儿的情况。但我们很快被它的其他功能所震撼：它能做到的事情之多，甚至让我意识到，对于一个其实睡眠质量相当不错的婴儿来说，拥有这么多数据是不必要的。“信息量太大了，”我告诉一位朋友，“老实说这太过了！但我太爱它了。”Nanit 处于“令人不安”与“令人愉悦”的界限之间。它是索伦之眼，但它也知道我们什么时候在早晨进入女儿的房间以及她脸上露出的喜悦——并且它会智能地向我们发送这些时刻的通知消息。

2015, 年，当我怀上第二个孩子时，我和丈夫甚至没有讨论是否要再买一个 Nanit 摄像头。在她从医院回家的那天，设备已经准备就绪。

作为一种将世界上最甜蜜的事物——新生儿——与营利性科技公司的无情数据收集结合在一起的工具，Nanit 始终让人感到一点不安。一家帮助创建该产品“视觉形象”的品牌咨询公司在其网站的一篇案例研究中指出：“这个项目的核心挑战是如何将这种新颖的技术引入育儿市场，同时超越‘监控’所带来的负面含义。”

千禧一代和 Z 世代的父母似乎被说服了。Nanit 表示其日活跃用户达 100 万，年收入超过 $100。其最昂贵的套装价格为 $474，且每年大约需要 $100 的订阅费。而且，婴儿科技市场正变得越来越拥挤。

Nanit 最大的竞争对手提供一款 $200 的血氧监测器，通过贴片附着在婴儿脚部。Huckleberry 是一款用于记录喂养和更换尿布的免费应用程序，它推销一种 $200 的升级会员服务，提供“优化后的午睡预测”以及一个人工智能聊天机器人的访问权限；该机器人在记录宝宝的习惯后，可以提供个性化的指导和鼓励。另一款 $200 的智能婴儿监护仪 3 测试了“AI 调度摇篮”，并在婴儿面部被覆盖时发送警报。

随着产品及其承诺的激增，我对自己多么容易地将日常育儿决定外包给技术而感到有些不安。这种冲动的代价显而易见：悄然攀升的成本；父母自主权和自信心的削弱；将敏感数据交给公司。但婴儿科技作为一个类别，其增长可能无法停止。和我同龄或更年轻的父母越来越愿意为孩子接受追踪和分析——这是健康数据和优化这一更广泛文化趋势的一部分。近一半的美国人拥有可穿戴设备，而制造智能戒指和智能腕带的公司估值达到了 100 亿美元。

Nanit 及其竞争对手希望掌控身高 4 英尺以下人群 24 / 7 全天候的健康追踪。而且，他们目前已经达到了令人震惊的婴儿数据收集水平，而这仅仅是个开始。Nanit 最近通过营收筹集了 $50 million，以扩大其 A.I. 的应用，并利用其摄像头追踪语言发育、运动技能等，同时将触角从儿童卧室延伸至青春期早期。

我的大女儿现在 4 岁，她已经意识到了“Nanit”的存在，并且直接称呼它的名字。我决定我想更多地了解这家公司——其产品整夜盯着我的孩子，并且计划对他们进行更广泛的追踪。

“成人追踪现在正开始以一种更有意义的方式下沉到儿童身上。”

安德里亚·萨利纳斯 (ANDREA SALINAS) NANIT 首席执行官

最近当我访问位于曼哈顿市中心的 Nanit 办公室时，映入眼帘的是一个僵硬的婴儿玩偶，躺在一台价值 $800 的婴儿床里，正处于该公司的一台摄像头之下。玩偶身上系着一条 $20 的 Nanit 呼吸带 (Nanit Breathing Band)，上面印有一系列方格和菱形。通过分析像素的移动，该公司的软件可以量化婴儿胸部的每一次起伏，并在检测到危险时向父母的手机发送警报。

Nanit 由 Annal Glazer 创立于 2014 年。他是一位以色列人，刚刚在以色列理工学院 (Technion-based Institute of Technology) 完成了机器学习和计算机视觉的博士学位。Glazer 博士和妻子迎来了他们的第一个孩子，当时他正处于严重的睡眠不足状态。他与同样在等待第三个孩子的友人 Tor Ivry 共同构思出一种设备，旨在识别和分析睡眠，超越当时市场上那些简陋的婴儿监视器。

Glazer 博士曾表示，“Nanit”这个名字在构思时参考了像“sunny”和“tame”这样的词汇，旨在唤起“为父母提供的前沿技术”之感。（他现在是一家名为 Vinit 的以色列食品科技初创公司的首席执行官。）

自 2024, Nanit 由 44, 岁的安娜丽卡·萨利纳斯 (Annalika Salinas) 领导，她曾任 Rent the Runway 的总裁。她管理着约 150 名员工（其中大多数是父母），他们的工作口号是“将猜疑转化为：‘我能搞定’”。我们在 Nanit 办公室见面时，萨利纳斯女士戴着一枚 Oura 戒指，还在测试 Whoop 腕带，她诚恳地谈到 Nanit 如何成为此类设备的“儿童版答案”。

“成人追踪领域正在发生的事情，现在正开始以一种更有意义的方式下沉到儿童身上，”拥有两个孩子的萨利纳斯女士说道。“大多数孩子直到 10 岁左右，有时稍微早一点，才会开始佩戴 Apple Watch 之类的产品。所以我们真正地将 Nanit 的服务范围视为 0 到 10 岁这个区间。”

萨利纳斯女士表示，睡眠追踪和优化将继续作为 Nanit 业务的基础。但目前，该应用程序已经提供了一些健康功能，例如自动检测并记录咳嗽音频，以便与儿科医生共享。该公司认为，如果能让应用程序对语言和运动发育发表见解，将具有增长潜力，而 Nanit 的摄像头可以对此进行追踪。萨利纳斯女士表示，从理论上讲，该应用程序可以标记发育迟缓，并为父母提供改进建议，比如多读睡前故事。

孩子们长大后可能会怨恨这种侵入，因为他们成长关键时期的相关数据被无限期地存储在一家公司的服务器上。（Nanit 表示其数据是安全的，绝不会被出售或用于营销。）但萨利纳斯女士认为，未来的孩子们可能出于各种原因想要获取他们最早的健康分析数据。“也许一个孩子以后想成为职业运动员，他们想回顾并了解自己的睡眠是如何发育的，以及这对他们的潜力意味着什么，”她说道。

她还暗示，当我们这些被 Nanit 追踪的孩子长大并有了自己的孩子时，他们会很看重能够回顾自己当年就寝情况的能力。Nanit 并不永久存储视频片段，但她的评论让我思考这种功能是否不可避免。想到一个永久的

上方，Nanit 的监测产品包括一个专用显示屏、摄像头以及一个可用于追踪婴儿胸部每次起伏的包裹带。Nanit 的声音与灯光机（左上）还具备音频监测功能。

KIRI KIRI KIRI KIRI, 1996, NANIT

自 2024 年起，Nanit 由 Rent the Runway 前总裁 Annalika Salinas 领导。Nanit 拥有约 150 名员工，其中大多数是父母。

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纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

N 80 7

记录每一次我被否认的第四本书的口头抗议。

Nanit 的员工坦诚地表示，他们并不完全确定这些设备的潜在所有用途。“我不会坐在这里假装我们知道答案，即所有这些数据在未来将开启什么，”Salinas 女士说道。她指出，成人可穿戴设备的近期突破（例如检测心房颤动和帕金森病的早期迹象）证明了其可能性可能非常重大。

公司高管们似乎对他们技术的益处持有绝对的信心。首席技术官 Irvy 先生分享了更多想法。如果一个五岁孩子被诊断出某种疾病，而来自 Nanit 的独特模式能帮助解释该疾病会怎样？“也许你有一个超级内向的孩子，你想了解他们在婴儿时期的动作模式是否某种程度上预示了这一点，”他说。“这不一定是件坏事。”

对于 Nanit 的主管们来说，反对精确追踪婴儿的想法几乎是荒谬的。公司营销主管 Victoria Vaysberg 指出，类监控行为已经如此彻底地渗透到我们生活的方方面面。“我们关心外卖送到哪里，并希望能够将其追踪到抵达前的确切街区，”她告诉我。“然而，在准确了解孩子睡了多久这件事上，人们却犹豫不决。”

根据市场研究公司 Circana 的数据，婴儿监视器是一个相对较小的行业，去年销售额仅为 1 亿美元。将被动监视器转变为主动健康追踪器是获取更大资金池的一种方式。各种估计认为，可穿戴设备市场的规模接近 1000 亿美元，且随着更多消费者使用它们来追踪活动并获取算法建议，将“更多数据——更美好生活”的承诺应用于儿童，似乎是一个显而易见的下一步。

听这些公司描述，接纳婴儿科技（babytech）带来的益处将改变生活。Nanit 声称其用户每年可多睡 30 个晚上，因为父母在将婴儿提前移至独立房间时更有信心，且其监测可以防止婴儿颅骨扁平。该公司还资助了关于新父母性行为习惯的研究，并暗示购买 Nanit 可以增加性交次数。Owlet 和 blackbiteery 表示，超过 90% 的客户睡眠质量得到了改善。

Kurt Workman 是 Owlet 的首席执行官，他于 2012 年在犹他州共同创立了该公司。他告诉我，他注意到父母们询问“数据如何有用、意味着什么以及是否安全”的问题“少多了”。这家上市公司去年的营收为 1 亿美元，并称已有超过 250 万人使用其产品。“有些父母会说，我知道当宝宝的心率降到这个水平以下时就可以让他们入睡，而且他们会一直睡下去，”Workman 先生说。“我们已经开始在验证这一点了。”

2015年，美国食品药品监督管理局（F.D.A.）在发现 Owlet 的营销手段已进入医疗设备领域并违反了联邦法律后，向 Workman 先生发出了一封警告信。Owlet 的智能袜（Smart Sock）产品广告曾承诺，该设备会在孩子的脉搏扫描和血氧水平出现危险变化时提醒家长。现在，Owlet 销售的是

Owlet 是 Nanit 最大的竞争对手。在其其他产品中，它提供一款售价 200 美元的脉搏追踪器，通过一只袜子固定在婴儿的脚上。

Bethesda Diamond，一名儿科医生兼助理教授

经 F.D.A. 批准的 Dream Sock，宣传其为“医疗级监测”，旨在“让您实时掌握宝宝的健康状况，从而让您确信而非猜测”。

一些儿科医生批评 Owlet 利用恐惧进行营销——其网站包含了来自家庭的证词，称如果没穿该设备，他们的孩子可能会面临“心力衰竭”——并认为这造成了不必要的焦虑。当 Dream Sock 发生故障时，家长会认为孩子停止了呼吸。Workman 女士认为，关于 Owlet 发现危及生命情况的故事是“令人难以置信”的证明点。“这是接触健康技术带来的现实且切实的影响，”她说，“这不是为了吓唬人们，而是为了证明这是真实的。”

对婴儿科技（babytech）行业的另一种解读是，这一切都是胡闹：在出现红外视觉摄像头、湿度传感器和 250 位加密技术之前，婴儿们依然生存得很好。养育了我们三个孩子的母亲一直向我们透露，她认为我这一代人疯了。最近，她与几位当年和我一起长大的印度裔朋友聚在一起。她们在谈到被要求处理孙辈就寝时间时必须遵守的协议时，纷纷摇头大笑——那些 Nanit 和 Owlet，白噪音机和温度控制器，以及极其精确的顺序，让核反应堆的关闭程序看起来都显得随意。这些朋友们对这些流程与她们自己早年为人母的经历之间如此巨大的差异感到有趣且困惑，在她们的回忆中，那时要轻松得多。

当我在我母亲的手机上安装 Nanit 应用以便她帮忙看一个晚上的孩子时，她被手机通知搞糊涂了，也对为什么我竟然想要分析数据感到莫名其妙；她显然不喜欢我使用该应用来有点强迫症地检查睡着的孩子是否真的在睡觉。在她看来，这一切都诱发焦虑。想到我孩子的数据会存储在服务器上，且将来或许能被检索到，她感到非常不安。“太过了，”她说。

尽管 Nanit 如此声称且雄心勃勃，但家长们经常在社交媒体上抱怨，称其最基本的数据可能会出错。摄像头会标记并未实际发生的活动或哭闹。

Bethesda Diamond 是一名儿科医生，也是哥伦比亚大学的助理教授，她担心依赖这些设备的家长正在麻痹他们的自然本能，允许技术干扰人类最普遍且最有意义的经历之一。“对于孩子追踪、健康追踪和健康监测的整体情况，当它涉及到这种过度详细、过度痴迷的方式时，我非常谨慎且警惕，”她告诉我，“家长们正在失去一部分他们自己的信心和决策能力。”

换句话说，婴儿追踪设备可能会令人胆怯。“如果你没有那个告诉你孩子需要休息的应用程序，你会怎么做？”Diamond 医生说，“你会看着你的孩子。然后发现他们看起来累了。”

库尔特·沃克曼（KURT WORKMAN）表示，他们的观点源于恐惧。1932年，美国父母们惊恐地得知，查尔斯·A·坎斯赖特（Charles A. Cunthright）年幼的儿子在家里有五名成年人的情况下，竟然从二楼的育儿室被带走并最终被杀害。几年后，天顶无线电公司（Zenith Radio Corporation）推出了首款商用婴儿监视器。“无线电护士”（Radio Nurse）旨在为婴儿、病人及老人“守候”。一份操作手册上写道：“如果婴儿哭闹——如果病人想要一杯水——如果发生火灾——如果入侵者进入——你会立即知晓。”

Nanit、Owlet及其竞争对手至今仍在该领域运营。喜剧演员约翰·马丹尼（John Madaney）最近拿他幼儿儿子的睡眠布置开玩笑，说他的卧室看起来像一个“中央情报局（C.I.A.）的秘密监狱”，婴儿床上面还盖着一个遮光帐篷。“我不知道为什么我们得 24 小时监控我儿子的婴儿床，他哪儿也去不了——他睡在睡袋里，”他说。“然后我们有三台声音机在全功率运行。而且因为我们在Instagram上读到过一次，我们将他的育儿室温度保持在 60 度。再暖一点，你的婴儿就会自动死亡。”

对于这一切父母的焦虑仍不以为然的人是我的大女儿。Nanit 只是她房间里的一个设备。她知道可以通过这个设备与我丈夫和我交谈（该设备有四盏红灯用于提供夜视功能），也知道我们可以在晚上通过手机看到她。我想，如果这个摄像头在未来的岁月里在她生活中扮演更广泛的角色，她会对它产生更强烈的情绪。

Nanit 认为，随着公司寻求将产品在儿童卧室中的存在时间延长至幼儿期之后，一个解决方案是推出名为“Camtrons”的新外壳，可以让监视器看起来像一只小兔、一只熊或一只大象。萨利纳斯（Salinas）女士表示，让摄像头看起来像一个小伙伴或玩具可以使其“产生更多的喜爱”。但她补充道，“每个家庭在孩子到了能够独立做决定的年龄时，必须自行决定孩子是否接受房间里有摄像头。”

在她看来，这是一个新未来的开端，一个从摇篮到坟墓的健康数据库。“在过去几年里，采用曲线显著加快，”萨利纳斯女士说，“我预计这种情况将持续下去——以至于几乎每个父母都会拥有像 Nanit 这样的产品，这将帮助他们对孩子以及孩子的成长过程获得更丰富的见解。”

甚至在第一次见到萨利纳斯女士之前，我就一直在思考什么时候将 Nanit 从大女儿床上的位置移走，或许在她父母就隐私与便利达成正式共识之前，她就已经不再需要它了。如今，她不再那样说了，而且早晨她更有可能出现在我们的床上迎接我们，而不是相反的情况。她的脸上依然洋溢着喜悦，而我确保是在现实中看到这份喜悦，而不是在屏幕上。

让权力接受监督。

企业、大学和非营利组织。市政府和州政府。国会、总统府和法院。我们报道权势人物与机构，不畏强权，不徇私情。

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因为：招聘启事，吉格斯先生， 在询问，通过该地址，联系我， 他想，“我不会成为一个 新人。”我要成为一个新人。 我将

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招聘启事 2026

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招聘启事 2026

招聘启事，吉格斯先生，在询问，通过地址，与我联系，他认为，“我不会成为一个新的人。” 我将成为一个新的人。

招聘启事 2026

招工启事，吉格斯先生（Mr. Jiggs）在询问，向该地址联系我，并且他认为，“我不会成为一个新的人。” 我将成为一个新的人。 我将成为一个新的人。 我将成为一个新的人。 我

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纽约时报 提供全面的订阅服务。 nytimes.com / obwork

招工启事 2026

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因为：招聘启事，吉格斯先生，在询问，到这个地址，联系我，他想，“我不会成为一个新的人。” 我将成为一个新的人。 我

纽约时报

提供全面的订阅服务。 nytimes.com / obwork

招聘启事 2026

招聘启事，吉格斯先生，在询问，到这个地址，联系我，他想，“我不会成为一个新的人。” 我将成为一个新的人。

因为：招聘启事，吉格斯先生，正在询问，到那个地址，联系我，并且他认为，“我不会成为一个新的人。” 我将成为一个新的人。 我将成为一个新的人。 我将成为一个新的人。 我

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纽约时报

游戏

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[!NOTE] 本章节源文包含大量外语数据与图片版面，已进行结构化对齐优化。

nytimes.com/jobs

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# JOBS to share your job in your own order, our only day-to-day or 1,800,000,000 to 10,000,000 online, visit nytimes.com/jobs 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.

Dense Tabular Data (Omitted)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. On campus. Out in the world. Provide faculty and students at your school with digital access to The Times. Learn more at nytimes.com/oncampus 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.

Dense Tabular Data (Omitted)

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Dense Tabular Data (Omitted)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.

讣告

Bolfo 家族深切地宣布，Bruno Bolfo 先生——挚爱的丈夫、父亲、祖父以及 Duferco 集团的创始人——于 2026 年 7 月 17 日在瑞士卢加诺地处其挚妻怀中安详离世，享年 84 岁。

Bruno Bolfo 出生于意大利拉瓦尼亚，是全球钢铁行业的杰出人物之一。他的职业生涯始于 Italsider 的国际贸易部门 Siderexport，在那里他迅速脱颖而出，成为公司最前途无量的年轻高管之一。在那些年里，他曾在纽约工作，在国际大宗商品市场积累了宝贵的经验，并培养了影响其整个职业生涯的全球视野。

1979 年，在离开 Siderexport 后，他与一小群利古里亚同乡在纽约市和巴西圣保罗共同创立了 Duferco。这个最初的创业项目成长为全球领先的工业和贸易集团之一，业务横跨美洲、欧洲、非洲和亚洲。在他的领导下，Duferco 在保持工业根基的同时，成功将业务从钢铁扩展到能源、航运、物流及其他战略领域。

作为一名具有远见的企业家，Bruno Bolfo 拥有预见全球市场深刻变革的罕见能力。他凭借勇气、诚信以及对创新的坚定承诺，将不确定性转化为机遇。他的创业兴趣还延伸至酒店业、葡萄酒生产和医疗技术，始终由长远眼光和对人的价值的深刻信念所引导。

尽管取得了国际性的成功，他依然保持着惊人的谦逊。他以低调而非张扬的方式领导，因其正直、平衡和沉稳的决心而赢得钦佩。认识他的人记得他不仅是一位卓越的商人，更是一位慷慨的导师，他坚信乐观、信任和尊重是每一家长青企业的真正基石。

他离世的方式正如他生活的方式：安静地，带着定义其一生的克制、内敛且不露声色的风格。

他留下的最伟大遗产不仅是他创建的全球公司，还有他传承的价值观：乐观、尊重他人、对年轻一代的信心，以及关于创业是人类创造力最高表达形式之一的信念。

他的妻子、两个孩子和两个孙辈，以及全球范围内有幸与他共事的数代同事、合作伙伴和朋友将怀念他。

他的远见将继续启迪人心。他的榜样将永志不忘。

---

2 管理层的一声尖叫

与一部恐怖片的演员们一起狂欢。作者：KELLINA MOORE

4 现代爱情

在婚姻中幸福，随后在孤独中幸福。作者：ANNE KORZEN

13 婚礼预测

夫妇们将投注环节融入他们的盛大日子。作者：ELLEN O'BRIEN

5 社交媒体

一家商店的“禁止网红”标识。作者：MARIOUS MALONE KIRCHER

生活方式 / 关系 / 社会

星期日，2008 年 8 月 2 日

星期日风格 (SundayStyles)

纽约时报

是的，确实有健康益处。

但酒吧正在关闭。工作岗位正在消失。

而一种共处的模式似乎变得更难寻觅。

当我们放弃酒精时，我们还在失去什么？

作者：GINIA BELLAFANTE / 第 10 页

Noah Blau 与 Aitana Doyle 在布鲁克林为他的《杂务》(Errands) 系列进行拍摄。

听起来很无聊，但不知为何，它并不无聊。

凭借他在网络上大受欢迎的系列剧 《差事》（Errands），诺亚·布劳（Noah Blau） 将平凡之物变得迷人。

作者：亚历克斯·瓦胡鲁斯（ALEX VAHURUS）。

在布鲁克林区布什威克（Bushwick）一条遍布汽车修理厂的死胡同里，一位 20 岁的电影制作人诺亚·布劳将他的索尼摄像机对准了艾塔娜·多伊尔（Aitana Doyle）——一名有抱负的女演员兼服务员，她正焦虑地练习

她的驾驶考试。

布劳正在为他的小众 Instagram 节目《差事》拍摄一集。该节目记录了他的朋友们在纽约市各地执行任务的过程，其拍摄手法将他们平凡的时刻提升为史诗般的旅程。剧集内容包括一次去挂窗帘的远足，以及一次去更换损坏滑板的行程。

布劳穿着红袜子和德克萨斯风格的装束，在艾塔娜练习在冷清街道上平行停车的租赁雪佛兰车外采访了她。

“艾塔娜，跟我解释一下情况，”布劳说。

“今天我要参加驾驶考试，” 33, 岁的多伊尔说。“我两年前就开始上课了，但我总是感到害怕并临阵退缩。但现在我需要它。因为我接的很多演员工作都需要开车，而我一直谎称自己有驾照。”

“要么我稳操胜券，”她补充道，“要么我就顺理成章地考砸。”

布劳摸索着寻找那本充当节目标题卡的黄色法律便笺本。“我 ♥ 接 第 5 页

---

2 01

纽约时报，星期日，AUGUST 2, 2026

与洛杉矶最快乐的恐怖片迷共饮玛格丽塔

《梅森营地的青少年之性与死》的演员们聚集在 El Coyote 餐厅，随身带着人造血迹。

作者：KELLINA MOORE

周三晚上，喧闹的采访声和电影明星们的交谈声突然戛然而止。演员杰克·海文（Jack Haven）站在一排记者面前，发出一声尖叫，并指向远方。

人群纷纷回头看向海文。此时他正处于采访中，脚下是一块铺着人造草坪的地毯，上面染着人造红血。这里是导演简·舍恩布伦（Jane Schoenbrun）执导的电影《梅森营地的青少年之性与死》（Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Masons）的首映礼现场。

这部由恐怖片迷制作的恐怖电影由喜剧演员汉娜·艾辛德（Hannah Eishinder）饰演克里斯（Kris），一名试图重启一部深受喜爱的砍杀电影系列的导演，她逐渐痴迷于原版电影的主演（由吉莉安·安德森饰演）。

该片在戛纳电影节上大获成功，并赢得了酷儿棕榈奖（Queer Palm），该奖项旨在表彰聚焦 L.G.R.T.O.L.A 主题、女性主义视角或挑战性别规范的电影。该片由 think 发行，将于周五在影院上映。

“拍摄这部电影是我人生中最棒、最快乐的经历——毫无疑问，”舍恩布伦在导演工会（Directors Guild of America）介绍电影时说道。活动地点位于日落大道上的主题场所，观众中包括演员克里斯汀·斯图尔特（Kristen Stewart）以及《Hacks》的节目操盘手保罗·W·唐斯（Paul W. Downs）、露西娅·阿辛博（Lucia Asimbo）和珍·斯坦基（Jen Stansky）。

舍恩布伦还编剧并执导了电影《我看到了电视给予》（I Saw the TV Give）和《我们要去世界博览会》（We're All Going to the World's Fair），他们表示自己从小就热爱恐怖片。

“我认为当你成长在一个非常普通、几乎单调的环境中时，”舍恩布伦说，“如果你像个小怪胎，你会寻找所有能给你提示的地方，证明这个世界也许比大家告诉你的要更奇妙、更诡异。”

安德森表示，她在很年轻的时候看过《德州电锯杀人狂》（Texas Chateaux Massacre）后，就没看过多少恐怖片，并且

在放映结束后，观众们看起来比恐惧更多的是兴奋。

当时“被困在一栋棕色房子里，抽了一些非常浓的大麻”。

但艾辛德表示自己不容易被吓到，她认为恐怖片和喜剧片很相似，因为两者都能“触碰到身体内部某种直观的感受”，她说道。

放映结束后，观众们在乘车前往 El Coyote 餐厅参加派对时，显得亢奋而非恐惧。El Coyote 是一家经久不衰的墨西哥餐厅，以其玛格丽塔酒闻名，且在 1949 年曾作为梅森家族部分受害者的最后一餐用餐地。

在餐厅外，在霓虹灯的闪烁下，充满希望的粉丝们拿着《X档案》（X-Files）的海报，试图拦住明星请求签名。在餐厅内部，演员和剧组人员挤在乙烯基卡座中，天花板上挂着垂下的装饰品和五颜六色的串灯，桌上摆着排队等待的快餐和炸鸡。

“Coyote 是洛杉矶的一种风格，”艾辛德解释道，她表示高中时经常光顾这家餐厅。“这里充满活力，永远热闹非凡。”

安德森表示她已经 20 年没回来了。“而我以前经常来，”她补充道。

《Hacks》的明星演员马克·萨布利克森（Mark Sublicson）拿着一杯血红色的鸡尾酒走向露台，客人们聚集在那里，在灰泥壁炉旁抽烟。斯图尔特戴着一顶亮橙色毛线帽，穿着短裤，为纳塔基（Natakiy）点了一根烟。在室内，随着罗宾（Robyn）的《Dancing on My Over》在扬声器中大声播放，海文与基尔·吉尔克里斯特（Keir Gilchrist）蜷缩在一个卡座里，后者曾与海文共同出演电视剧《Voyकर्त》。

在餐厅各处，客人们还在讨论恐怖片如何为观众提供一种处理那些阴暗且令人羞耻情绪的方式。（在整部电影中，艾辛德和安德森饰演的角色在克服各自在性方面的心理障碍，寻找新型的快感。）

“有四个人对我这么说过——真的是四个人，”安德森回忆道，“这关乎高潮，对吧？”

顶部为《梅森营地的青少年性与死亡》（Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Masons）的演员和剧组在洛杉矶首映礼上的照片。中间一排从左至右：在 El Coyote 举行派对时的快照；汉娜·艾申德（Hannah Eishinder）的六主题电台；以及 Ernie X Lucy 的屏幕。从最左侧起：杰克·海文（Jack Haven）；克里斯汀·斯图尔特（Kristen Stewart）。

评论员笔记本 / 凡妮莎·弗里德曼 (VANESSA FRIEDMAN)

只要几条帖子，瞧：形象大翻新

LVMH 董事长贝尔纳·阿尔诺在社交媒体上的一次出人意料之举。

在过去的几年里，LVMH（旗下拥有迪奥、路易威登和蒂芙尼）的操盘手兼董事长、现代奢侈品行业的架构师以及前世界首富（目前排名第 10）贝尔纳·阿尔诺，一直在悄悄地努力缓和自己的形象。或者至少是使其更加圆润，以便为那种将他描述为傲慢的、操纵家族企业的工程师，以及因榨干创意精神而闻名的叙事提供另一种替代方案。

他花费数亿美元翻修路易威登基金会，将布洛涅森林的私人住宅将其捐赠给巴黎，并资助了巴黎奥运会。他开始强调自己缴纳的税款数额以及雇佣的数十万名员工。相应地，我们必须习惯于他的采访。但这一切收效甚微。

每当他的名字被提及，依然伴随着像“冷酷”、“无情”和“法西斯式”（在相关文献中经常提到镰刀和 / 或西方）以及“金融界的马基雅维利”这样的词汇。

结果证明，他真正需要的只是一个 X。

或者更准确地说，他真正需要的是一封由 LVMH 新闻办公室发布在 X 上的、语气自嘲的、长达三页且标题为“谢谢”的公开信。这封信是对该报纸一系列深度调查报道的回应。报道内容涉及那些从未被公开披露过的话题，例如他的五个孩子和继承计划、他与政治人物的关系、他的商业策略等等。

在这封信中，他并没有指责记者出错，而是简单地对他所呈现的某些细节进行了自嘲（例如他让到访者在进入其住所前更换衣服的想法；他所有员工的精干身材；他的家庭晚餐）。其效果是将这些原本令人不安的时刻转化为了令人发笑的时刻，并展示了一种此前从未有人真正将其与阿尔诺联系在一起的品质，至少在公开场合没有：一种幽默感。而这种效果几乎在一夜之间将阿尔诺从一个难以捉摸的自动化机器转变为一个可以产生共鸣的人。

这篇于上周日发布的帖子已被浏览近 800 万次。它得到了极其多样化群体的称赞，包括亿万富翁对冲基金经理兼激进投资者比尔·阿克曼，他鼓励其追随者阅读此信；英国政治人物、前财政大臣纳齐姆·扎哈维，他称之为“杰作”；以及文化评论家 / 行业监督员路易·富阿姆，他称其为“时髦”。

这使得阿尔诺在短时间内成为了“特朗普世界”中那些宇宙主宰（或渴望成为宇宙主宰的人）心目中的英雄，这些人关注他的女儿，关注媒体，并关注社交媒体上的讨论线索——这两个原本互不相干的领域现在交织在了一起。

这种反应如此出人意料，以至于阿尔诺做了一件更不符合他性格的事情。周一， 77, 岁的他在 X 上完成了首秀，向那些点赞、转发或以其他方式帮助推广其信件的人表示感谢。他写道：“在向《世界报》发表公开信后，收到你们发给我的许多信息，我深受感动。我想在这里，在 X 上，直接且亲身地感谢你们每一个人。” 这一条帖子的浏览次数已超过 11.5 million 次。

据 LVMH 形象主管（该职位于 2018 年专门为解决公众认知问题而设立）兼贝尔纳·阿尔诺的长子安托万·阿尔诺称，这封信以及加入 X 完全是他父亲的主意。

2015, 的贝尔纳·阿尔诺（左上）以及 2015. 他与家人在一起的照片（右）。他们是《世界报》一系列调查报道的关注重点，而这次报道无意中促成了阿尔诺形象的转变——从一个难以捉摸的自动化机器变成了一个可以产生共鸣的人。

这无疑标志着这位高管在应对方式上的转变。过去，他极少回应批评或报道——除非那是来自收购战中商业对手的指责。相比于本月初在播客节目《传奇》（Legend）中那段快节奏的采访（在采访中，阿尔诺偶尔发笑，且显得心不在焉），这次的行为似乎更具个人色彩。

对于奢侈品行业而言，这或许是一个教训。奢侈品宇宙建立在“神秘感”与“掌控感”这两个极点之上，且不愿让任何人窥见天鹅绒幕帘后的真相。阿尔诺通过展现一种略带自嘲、为了博取关注而让自己能开起玩笑的能力，而非仅仅面对正式的抨击，地流露了他的情感。他也因此获得了一定的宽容。

在传统上，这种特质一直被奢侈品界刻意回避。但显然，在“魔力感”的认知与“被操纵感”的感受之间存在着一条细线，而时尚消费者在与品牌及其创作者的互动中，已经开始感觉到后者在增加。销售额在萎缩，抵制情绪正在酝酿。行业本身可能需要进行一些形象修复。它应当引起注意。

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纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

37 3

两个词引发楠塔基特岛众多人士议论

店主表示，店内张贴的一块告示仅仅是“开玩笑”，但其他人并不认同。

文 / MARINTH MALONE KIRCHER

你可以将其视为时代的标志。

约翰·西尔维亚（John Sylvia）表示，告示上写着“禁止影响者”（No Influencers）。今年夏天早些时候，他在位于马萨诸塞州楠塔基特岛（Nantucket）的 Four Winds Craft Guild 手工艺品与古董店中挂起了这块牌子。在这里，购物者通常浏览并购买新英格兰风格的商品，例如起价约为 $1,600 的手工篮子手袋。

为了符合该岛的人文风格，这些文字以金色字母压印在手工木板上，由一条链子悬挂在天花板上。

“我觉得有时我的店被当作某些人的背景，像个魔法阵，”西尔维亚说。他的家族拥有西尔维亚灰缸店（Sylvia. Ashtrays）近一个世纪之久，这里是拍照采访的热点（两家店共用一个空间）。他说，访客们拍摄照片和视频，但并不购买商品，甚至不愿与他在公开场合交谈。

现年 38 岁的西尔维亚表示，这块告示并非要求字面上的执行。“我并没有对影响者持有这种恨意，”他补充道，“这更多是一个玩笑。这是一个我们作为社会应当审视的问题。”

但当西尔维亚的合伙人、现年 34 岁并负责管理店铺社交媒体的杰西卡·詹金斯（Jessica Jenkins）在 Instagram 上发布这张告示照片后，它迅速触及了人们对于那些以拍摄内容为生的人——以及开始模仿他们的人——心中根深蒂固的情绪核心。

有些人称赞该商家敢于采取立场，反对他们认为是一种现代烦扰的行为。另一些人则迅速批评该告示似乎排斥了特定群体，并指出许多不认为自己是影响者的访客可能也有类似的行为。

随后，有人在争论中火上浇油，声称禁止影响者进入商店等同于禁止女性进入。

此人是佩吉·保罗（Paige Paul），一位拥有超过一百万粉丝的内容创作者，她的生活方式品牌 Dairy Boy 最近在楠塔基特岛开了一家店。

“在女性进入一个新行业并获得权力时遭遇排斥并非新鲜事。”保罗（因其全名佩吉·劳顿 Paige Lawton 而更为人所知）在 Instagram 帖子的评论区写道：“对于一家赞美手工艺、且该工艺在塑造这座岛屿及其经济方面有着如此深厚女性历史的商店来说，传递这样的信息十分奇怪。”（保罗未回应采访请求。）

西尔维亚坚持认为，这块告示仅仅是对影响者文化兴起的某种“开玩笑”式的评论。

詹金斯表示，包含该告示的帖子随后被 Instagram 删除，但关于人们在岛上闲逛、拍照和拍摄视频的讨论仍在继续。

“我觉得每当我打开 Instagram，我都能看到有人在给我指南：在楠塔基特该穿什么、去哪里吃、买什么，甚至怎么停车，”作为一年四季的当地居民，詹金斯地说道。

她说，在镇上走走，她被那些“在街角拍摄视频的人”淹没了，他们“端着咖啡，回头望，或者做个鞋子踢腿动作之类的”。

楠塔基特家居用品店 Bodega 的店主斯蒂芬妮·斯普劳尔（Stephanie Sproule）表示，她注意到越来越多的人“来到这里拍照，为了让自己出现在楠塔基特的画面里”。她描述了访客们试图在街道上穿行寻找庆祝活动的情景，并提到一位住在风景如画、绣球花盛开的码头附近的朋友告诉她，有些女性带着一架架衣服出现，为了布置拍照场景。

去年夏天，一位名叫凯尔·斯旺森（Kyle Swanson）的内容创作者在举办了一个为期四天的成人夏季训练营（每人 $1,000）后，因向当地企业索要免费商品和服务而引起了一些楠塔基特居民和企业主的反感。

今年夏天，像 Hotel Lobby Candle 和 Euro-Eishman 这样的品牌，邀请了选定的内容创作者群体前往该岛进行品牌之旅，并提供了奢华的礼品和体验。

在纽约工作的作家兼大学招生顾问萨尼贝尔·拉扎尔（Sanibel Lazar）在童年时期经常在夏天访问南塔基特岛，她表示自己也注意到了这些变化。

拉扎尔说，对于南塔基特岛的新访客来说，他们可能会体验到一个“比 10 年前要虚伪得多的版本”，因为很多人将其作为一个“公关之旅的目的地”。

她说，一些品牌和企业已经开始迎合这些新来者。今年夏天，她注意到有一个团队带来了塑料的、适合拍照的绣球花，而不是岛上真实的绣球花。

她说，这就像一个“并非基于真实之物的虚假世界”。她补充道：“品牌——为了拍照，为了社交媒体内容——他们需要进一步放大这些偏好。”

25 岁的艾米·麦卡弗里（Amy McAverity）在南塔基特岛长大，是一名在 TikTok 上经常发布关于该岛内容的创作者，她对自己被一概而论感到警惕。

“我确实觉得有一些网红只来一天或几天，他们缺乏一致性且不尊重这座岛，”正在皮拉提斯工作室度过夏天的麦卡弗里说。“我认为很多当地人对南塔基特岛有一种领地意识，度假客也是如此，我觉得这很有趣。”

西尔维亚的“禁止网红”标志是商家试图制衡社交媒体影响力的一系列尝试中最新的一次。2023 年，布鲁克林的一家咖啡馆发布禁令，禁止在店内拍照和录像，以打击网红将该极简且设计精良的空间作为内容背景的行为。同年，佛蒙特州一个以秋叶闻名的小镇在 TikTok 和 Instagram 的帖子导致大量不文明游客涌入后，被迫关闭道路。

但正如南塔基特的店主们所体会到的，此类努力最终可能会吸引更多关注。而这对于生意来说并不一定是件坏事。

詹金斯注意到，自从她贴出那个标志后，Four Winds Craft Guild 的 Instagram 账号增加了约 6,000 名新关注者。“这伴随着很多戏剧性，但它也带来了生意，”她补充道。

周二，保罗发布了一张她在南塔基特岛的店铺 Dairy Boy 的照片，那里挂着自己的标志：“欢迎每一个人”。

游客们拍照，但有些人并不买东西。

上方是位于马萨诸塞州南塔基特岛，约翰·西尔维亚（John Sylvia）经营的 Four Winds Craft Guild 店铺内的“禁止网红”标志。左侧，拥有大量社交媒体粉丝的网红佩奇·保罗（Paige Paul）是批评该标志的人之一。下方，布莱恩·普莱斯灯塔（Brian Price Lighthouse）是南塔基特岛游客喜爱的众多景点之一。

那些像马特·达蒙一样强壮的肱二头肌其实是她的

身高 4 英尺 6 英寸的德温·道尔顿是《奥德赛》中男主角的特技替身。

作者：ALISSA HARDINGAN GOFFA

上周，演员德温·道尔顿（Devyn Dalton）收到了一个极有可能是全球最顶级的赞美。

当时她正在新西兰拍摄下一个项目，早晨被手机的震动声惊醒。“我当时在想：‘怎么回事？’手机简直炸了——消息疯狂弹出，”34 岁的道尔顿说道。

事情的经过是，在克里斯托弗·诺兰改编的荷马史诗故事中饰演奥德修斯的演员马特·达蒙在接受我们的采访时说，她拥有“我见过最强大的手臂”。当这段采访在网上迅速传播时，她的朋友们纷纷将视频片段发给她。

达蒙在讨论电影的一个关键场景时，礼貌地纠正了他的随行人员，后者误以为镜头中的肱二头肌是他自己的。其实那些肌肉属于道尔顿，她指出，在约 10 年的职业生涯中，这种惊喜并不罕见。首先，她是一名顶替男演员的女性；而且，她试图在那个大约 5 英尺 10 英寸的男性身躯中扮演角色，她只有 6 岁（此处原文疑似错误，指身高或年龄相关）。

这在某种程度上是电影魔术。达蒙允许她扮演一个大约该体型的角色，诺兰使用了一种名为“强制透视”的技巧，使奥德修斯的军队看起来极其渺小。

在那个场景中，一个道尔顿拿着剑准备向卫兵猛扑的背影镜头，被用于电影海报。

道尔顿出生并成长在加拿大，最初接受过医学训练，在被选入《猿星球》三部曲后，于 2011 年开始从事特技表演。她最近的作品包括《Wrappers》和《最后生还者》。

她发现自己参与的动作场面过于激烈，以至于她永远不能告诉母亲她在做什么，因为“这会让母亲崩溃，”道尔顿说。“我只告诉她‘我去工作了’。”

《奥德赛》是道尔顿首次为男性 4-letter（此处原文如此）担任特技替身——这在行业内是一项罕见成就。根据 SAG-AFTR4 工会的统计，女性在大多数表演者中所占比例仅略高于 20%。

在接受《纽约时报》采访（经编辑整理以确保清晰）时，她讨论了她的最新角色和其他主要工作。

问：女性为男性主演担任替身是常见做法吗？你以前这样做过吗？

绝对不常见。我认为在业内，男性为女性担任替身的时间更长。但在特技表演中，最关键的是，从身体条件来看，谁最符合他们寻找的要求？而且最重要的是，谁具备所需的特定技能组合？随着服装、发型和化妆技术的进步，我们可以创造更多魔力来改造人物，性别就不那么重要了。这是我第一次为好莱坞男主角担任替身。我从未想过我的履历中会有这一项。

问：你以前收到过来自主演如此具体的赞赏吗？

这很不寻常。因为尽管你在镜头前，但如果你在工作且做对了，观众不应该认出那就是你。我们的工作一部分就是“隐身”。我必须对马特的慷慨表示巨大的感谢。

（左图为《奥德赛》打斗场景的一帧，女性德温·道尔顿在为马特·达蒙顶替。上图的道尔顿自 1981 年起从事特技表演，克里斯托弗·诺兰的《奥德赛》是她首次为男性 4-letter 担任特技替身。）

（电影魔术弥补了 16 英寸的身高差。）

问：你和达蒙在片场一起设计那段打斗动作吗？

是的。在我参加的大多数电影中，你通常会与演员一起工作，并在同一天到场，因为你们都属于同一个序列，并且都在塑造同一个角色。

当我在替他人扮演替身时，我总是会专门地从这里开始：他们迈出第一步时是用哪只脚？人们还会有一些微小的习惯，比如他们可能会习惯性地向一边倾斜，或者以某种特定的方式移动。因此，我会研究所有这些细节，并尝试原样还原。这就是为什么在镜头前效果如此逼真的原因。

你为了这个角色需要进行什么特殊的训练吗？

这是多年来积累技能的结果。我尝试通过许多不同的训练方法来保持多样性，让自己时刻准备着，这样无论什么时候接到电话，我都能肯定地说：“是的，我准备好了。”

这就是特技表演的特点——训练永无止境。过去，我拍过几场非常复杂的水下打斗戏，所以我参加了专注于水上安全的课程。在各种建筑和冷水中训练，因为很多时候你并非在温暖的环境下工作，所以你必须学习如何应对温度。而且你穿着戏服，化着妆，还得在睁眼的情况下保持冷静。

有哪些你不得不做但尚未开始的特技吗？

我想对我而言，动力总是来自于一种军人的严苛标准，我对自己的要求很高。我始终希望把工作做得非常出色。

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4 IT

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

街头见闻

献给一位朋友、一个国家和一个时代

摄影与文字：SOMBARASHE CHA

用低成本打造的 70 年代幻想

詹姆斯·鲁瑟福 (JAMES RUTHERFORD)，伦敦

“我很庆幸自己喜欢 70 年代的男装，因为很少有人喜欢，”当我在伦敦地铁黑修士站 (Blackfriars station) 见到詹姆斯·鲁瑟福时，他是这么说的。他穿着一套在 eBay 上淘到的古董棕色西装。“你知道，就男装时尚而言，那真的是一个被唾弃的年代，”他说，“所以你可以非常便宜地买到一些非常抢眼的单品。”鲁瑟福今年 34 岁，来自北爱尔兰，在一家金融科技公司的法律部门工作，随身携带一个皮革挎包。

手制衬衫支持他们的球队

汤美诺·田中-伊藤 (TOMINO TANAKA-ITO)，左；以及元-伊藤 (YUAN-ITO)，新泽西州

“我想了很久——大概两三个月，”当我问到汤美诺·田中-伊藤（64 岁）和她的丈夫伊藤裕真 (Yujin Ito，43 岁) 上个月在新泽西州东鲁瑟福参加塞内加尔对阵法国的世界杯比赛时，穿着的那些奇特的塞内加尔国旗衬衫时，她是这么说的。“一旦开始动手，大概花了三四天时间。”她对塞内加尔的喜爱可以追溯到她在日本的青少年时期，当时她的父亲是一名柔道教练，学生中有塞内加尔人。在搬到纽约市后，她与当地的塞内加尔社区建立了联系。

大学毕业多年，依然志趣相投

艾登·史密斯 (AIDEN SMITH)，左；以及安吉丽娜·埃利斯 (ANGELINA ELLIS)，洛杉矶

“在我们生命中，这种穿搭巧合可能已经出现过很多很多次了，”27 岁的艾登·史密斯在谈到她与安吉丽娜·埃利斯（27 岁）的服装重叠时说道。两人在印第安纳波利斯的巴伯大学 (Barber University) 参加田径队时就认识了。我于 6 月在洛杉矶的 Venue 社区见到了这两位朋友。埃利斯略短的针织毛衣搭配截断裤，而史密斯则穿着星形开襟衫和同样剪裁的牛仔裙，两者之间的协同效应太强了，绝非巧合。两人在大学四年期间一直是室友，尽管住在不同的州，但仍尽量频繁地见面。这些年的穿搭风格有所变化。“我们一直有各自独特的时尚风格，”史密斯说，“而且我们经常互相借衣服穿。”

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纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

37

5

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6 37

现代爱情 (MODERN LOVE)

我所珍视的婚姻已不复存在

接受“没有什么能永远保持不变”的真正含义。

作者：安妮·科津 (ANNIE KORZIN)

本尼和我结婚了将近 61 年，直到我们 80 多岁。我们并非完美匹配。他是早起的人，而我是夜猫子。他看体育比赛和新闻；我则刷英国犯罪剧。他喜欢待在家里；我喜欢出门。

但另一方面，他对我工作中的恐惧持有持久的宽容，载着我去任何需要去的地方，并且总是把碗里最后几颗樱桃留给我。我们养育了一个优秀的孩子。我们一起旅行。我们拥有美好的生活。

接着，我们变老了，欢乐也就结束了。本尼病了，呻吟着，经历了肾脏、心脏、甲状腺、关节炎和败血症。我在急诊室和重症监护室 (I.C.U.) 耗费了数小时，在保险公司、银行和家庭护理机构的电话等待线上耗费了数日。

我一直认为自己太病弱且太容易被隔离而无法成为一名护理者，但有时我还是设法清理了他的手术伤口，更换他的导尿管并帮他洗澡。那很艰辛，但更艰辛的是看着本尼的心智在灾难中消逝，幸福也随之而去。

他可能会决定给自己做一份早间点心，煮三磅土豆，然后忘记关掉炉灶，直到烟雾报警器响起。他记不得怎么使用电视遥控器，花好几个小时就那样凝视着虚空。在我最黑暗的时刻，我重新读了一句朋友分享的佛教名言：“当心智期望那些注定改变的事物保持永恒时，苦难便开始了。接受没有什么能保持不变。”

我必须接受，我所珍视的婚姻已不复存在，我所珍视的丈夫已经消失了。

照顾本尼成了一项全职工作，我暂停了自己的生活。我推迟了理发，取消了牙科预约，并且做了一件自由职业演员 / 作家才会做的事：我拒绝了工作。我对社交失去了所有兴趣（我能聊什么呢？）。我也保留了一些微小的快乐时刻：在洛杉矶社区周围进行一次短暂的日落散步，一个阳光明媚的下午，一段抚慰人心的动物生活和巧克力。但尽管如此，每当我早晨醒来，我仍对即将到来的一天感到不安，并恐惧前路 bleak（苍白 / 阴郁）的生活。

另一方面，本尼相信他的情况只是一个暂时的故障，他向每个人保证自己每天都在好转。处于否认状态有时是一种福气。然后有一天，本尼摔倒了，突然之间——没有任何恐惧或痛苦——他走了。（如果你能选择离世方式，请选择心脏骤停。）

我拨打了 911 并联系了一位邻居。很快又有十几个邻居留下来，帮我度过处理救护车运输等琐事的漫长时光。在警察处理、遗体移交以及寻找各种文件的过程中，我无法想象如果独自面对该如何处理。

我们的群体来自德国、墨西哥、印度和德克萨斯州。他们带来了葡萄酒和小吃。我们播放了本尼最喜欢的路易斯·阿姆斯特朗的歌曲——《What a Wonderful World》（多么美好的世界）——并对着关于我丈夫那些经常怪诞的行为的故事而大笑。那场简单、自发的守夜，正是我丈夫希望得到的纪念方式。

安妮·科津 (ANNIE KORZIN) 是洛杉矶的一名演员和作家，著有《安妮之书：人类大脑与偶然影响下的改变》(The Book of Annie: Human Brain and Changing From an Accidental Influence)。

电子邮件：moderation@nytimes.com

第二天，我强迫自己去长距离散步，在洗了个温水澡后，我家上方的天空出现了我见过的最壮丽的彩虹。几分钟后，一些朋友打电话说，一只老鹰落在他们的窗台上，盯着他们看了 15 分钟才飞走。他们说那只老鹰就是本尼，在说你好，也在说再见。

现在，我不相信鬼魂、灵魂或任何类似的东西。当我的某个朋友告诉我要“保持开放的心态”时，我会说：“别把心门开得太大，以免你的脑子掉出来。”但尽管我如此愤世嫉俗，在丈夫去世后的第二天，我依然在彩虹的诗意和飞鸟的造访中找到了极大的慰藉。

我们的儿子乔纳森（Jonathan）从另一个海岸飞来，我们决定在他访问期间，每晚 5 到 7 点邀请人们来家里。这些不拘一格的社交聚会是我重新回归生者世界的绝佳方式。我扔掉了穿了几个月的居家服，重新发现了亮红色口红和夸张项链带来的快乐。我的丈夫接管了所有的家务，这真是太好了——

在很长一段时间以来，我第一次发现我唯一需要照顾的人就是我自己，而且我觉得自己并不太难伺候。

（发送，因为我讨厌家务活，而且在贝尼（Benni）病情恶化期间，这些责任全都由我承担。）

乔纳森离开后，我不得不学习如何独居。我不再是“我们”，而成了“我”。我为身为单身人士的新生活制定了四条规则。

第一，在处理实际事务时，尽可能寻求所有能得到的帮助。社会保障局因为弄丢了我的结婚证书副本而拒绝了我的寡妇津贴。我和一名社会工作者打了许多通电话并前往办公室办理，才清理好那个烂摊子。

第二，让自己忙碌起来。每天，我给自己分配一项家务任务：一个橱柜，一个抽屉，或一个衣柜。整理贝尼留下的混乱局面让我感到一种解放。此外，我还发现了一些被遗忘的温馨之物，比如一张他画的我们两个人的可爱涂鸦。

第三，宠爱自己。我久违地享受了一次按摩、一次面部护理和一次美甲，这一切都感觉极其幸福。也许我只是需要被触碰。

第四，每天至少与一个真实的人接触。我积极重启我的社交生活，如果没有约会，我就慢悠悠地走到当地的精品店进行一些“购物疗法”，而且我通常会遇到可以停下来聊天的人。

这四条规则帮助我适应了新的生活方式，其中包含了一些最常见的对比。当市场里我身后的一位年轻母亲的购物车里塞满了加仑装牛奶、成箱的麦片和袋装薯片时，我的小车显得格外凄凉，只装着一小盒牛奶、一些冷冻春卷和一根香蕉。让我惊讶的是，我意识到自己并不想与她交换位置。

诚然，她的生活很充实，但她回家面对的是一个混乱的家庭和需要照顾的家人，而我则期待回到一个休息、喘息和康复的避风港。在很长一段时间以来，我第一次发现我唯一需要照顾的人就是我自己，而且我觉得自己并不太难伺候。

当人们在表达悲痛的慰问后，当我用干涩的双眼向他们保证我过得相当不错时，他们似乎感到很惊讶。我不是他们预期的那个悲痛欲绝的寡妇，我也在纳闷自己出了什么问题。为什么在心爱的丈夫去世时，我没有感受到人们理应感受到的那种排山倒海的悲伤？

我认为答案是，在贝尼还活着的时候我就已经失去了他，那时我就已经在内心深处完成了对他——在秘密中且长久地——的告别。我现在所经历的，与其说是悲伤，不如说是一种令人欣慰的解脱感。我热爱与贝尼结婚的生活，现在我也热爱独处。这两者怎么能同时成立？“接受没有任何事物是永恒不变的。”

当然，仍然会有忧郁的时刻。我获得了一次晋升，而贝尼不在身边给我击掌。我发现自己习惯性地摆两个人的餐具，并拍松他那一侧床上的枕头。当我听到一个有趣的笑话时，我迫不及待地想与丈夫分享。我停止阅读关于国外旅行的内容，因为我不希望被提醒贝尼和我梦想去旅行的地方。

与此同时，我对重新获得的自由心存感激。我想吃就吃，想看就看，整夜安睡，无需从不安的梦境中惊醒，面对更加不安的现实。

我计划改变发色，并在考虑养一只狗。我重新发现了日常生活的简单乐趣，而且令我大为惊讶的是，我时常闪过一种我原以为再也不会感受到的情绪。我相信那被称为“幸福”。请不要评判我。

微小的爱情故事：重返陆地

在尝试要另一个孩子多年后，我无法停止思考“佛罗里达周”！“业力美人鱼”——那些穿着亮色鱼尾裙、涂着固定口红、在水下起伏波动的女性。我的丈夫看到悲伤如何地纠缠着我，便告诉我可以去。于是，我离开了我们在阿拉巴马州湾岸的家庭度假，独自开车数小时前往一个温馨的公共场所观看演出，然后跳过了预订的酒店，在同一天开车返回。当演出结束时，我想要的只有我的丈夫和女儿。我出发是为了寻找奇迹，而最后，我回到了身边已有的两个奇迹之中。—— BETHAVE FORBES

欲阅读更多读者故事或提交您的故事，请访问：nytimes.com / toplovestories

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纽约时报 (THE NEW YORK TIMES)，星期日，2026年8月2, 2026

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8 01

系列剧《跑腿》(Errands) 听起来很无聊。但不知为何，它并不无聊。

接第 1 页

上面写着《跑腿》(Errands)。他在她举起它时拍摄了她。

“说正经的，多尔 (Doyle) 坐进车里，缓缓驶入一个车位。然后她打开车门，得意地评估她与卷发店的距离。”

“这种琐碎的展示能让人们欣赏生活中微小的事物，”多尔事后说，“他节目里的人不像《地铁观点》(Subway Takes) 里的名人。他们是度过平凡一日的普通人。有时你一整天什么都没做，只是跑了个腿，而这同样很重要。”

自从布利斯 (Bliss) 在 10 个月前发布《跑腿》的第一集——跟随一位名叫玛丽亚 (Maria) 的朋友寻找一种便捷方式——该节目在算法主导的纽约社交媒体内容中，在《地铁观点》之后的时代赢得了一小批但影响力巨大的追随者。

该剧以类似 6 风格拍摄，并配以简单的配乐，将跑腿任务处理得像一场动作奥德赛。有一集讲述了一个名叫伯纳德 (Bernard) 的人，他把坏掉的 CD 播放机送到唐人街的一家电器维修店。另一集则跟随一名名为布列塔尼 (Brittany) 的自由撰稿人，她在 Melancon 书店出售她的平装书。一名叫杰里米 (Jeremy) 的演员在寻找他丢失的猫。

杰里米最终没有找到他的猫，而“失败”是该剧的一个主题。另一集跟随一名叫德克兰 (Declan) 的 DJ，他前往交通法庭，希望对一张他认为不公正的骑行罚单提出异议，结果却遇到了一个冷漠的法官。“赢了一些，输了一些，”德克兰事后一边抽烟一边说道。

“失败率实际上真的很高，”布利斯说，“起初我以为这会是个问题，但结果对节目大有裨益。这个节目的核心是：‘我想去做某件事，我完成了它吗？’所以，即使在跑腿任务中失败，每个人都能理解那种感觉。”

他说，该剧吸引力的另一个元素在于它对日常生活中平庸时刻的窥见。

“所有伟大的电影在某种程度上都是窥视性的，”布利斯说，“而现在我们在网上都是窥视者。人们在被看到拎着厕纸回家时会感到尴尬。但这是为什么？我们知道你会使用”

社交问答 (Social Q’s) / 菲利普·加拉内斯 (PHILIP GALANES)

兄弟姐妹与秘密

当我还是青少年时，我的母亲生了一对双胞胎。一段时间后，我无意中听到父母在争吵，我的父亲在质疑这对双胞胎是否是他的孩子。这个信息我在心中隐藏了 60 多年。最近，我和这对双胞胎一起共进晚餐，他们恳请我告诉他们我所知道的事情。我重复了当时偷听到的对话，并同意与他们一起进行 DNA 检测，结果显示我们的生物学父亲不同。这对双胞胎现在心态很平静。他们说，这个信息并没有削弱他们对父亲的感情，因为父亲深爱他们，并将他们视如己出地抚养长大。但另一位兄弟姐妹对我感到愤怒。她说我不应该透露我听到的内容。我做错了吗？

BRUTNER

起初，我认为：这不是你的故事，你不应该讲述。你并不是那次私下对话的当事人，你对双胞胎的亲子关系也没有任何确凿的认知。你没有提到他们之前是否调查过这件事。但在我看来，这件事在 60 年后的现在才首次被提起，似乎不太可能。不过，如果我的计算正确，双胞胎现在 40 多岁，而你在 70 多岁。我假设你的父母已经

去世了——因此，双胞胎无法获得最可靠的信息来源。如果我的兄弟来找我，恳求我告知只有我能告诉他们的事情，我可能会做和你一样的事。这或许是你所有糟糕选项中不那么糟糕的一个。

至于那位感到不快的一位兄弟姐妹，我也能理解：你的母亲选择不向他们透露双胞胎的亲子关系，她的决定值得一定的尊重。但与此同时，我们有权知道自己来自哪里。而且你随时都可以和双胞胎一起做 DNA 检测。对于未来，请考虑你是否是分享敏感信息的最佳人选。如果不是，请将他们引导至那个故事真正所属的人那里。

关系修复遭遇波折

我 10 岁的女儿怀孕五个月了，这是她的第一个孩子。我的女儿通过穿着露出腹部的衣服来接纳她的怀孕状态。她认为自己怀孕的身体很美。但我成长时的身体解剖标准和遮掩观念与之不同。看到她这样穿着让我感到不舒服，我很难不做出反应。我们的关系一直很紧张，但我们都接受了心理治疗，在沟通方面取得了进步。到目前为止，我一直把感受藏在心里。我应该告诉她我有多不舒服吗？

对于这个局外人来说，你们的心理治疗看来简直是价值连城！你承认你和你的女儿在不同的时代成长，并接受了关于身体的不同教育：你学会了将身体包裹起来，而你的女儿觉得她有权展示怀孕的喜悦。

我认为你很明智，没有干涉一名成年女性的衣橱，也没有对此提出任何疑虑。考虑到你们艰难的过往（以及这里极易产生误解的可能性），最好避免与她讨论这个话题。这就是朋友的作用：我知道将感受藏在心里可能很难，但我相信你走在正确的道路上，而你与女儿之间改善的关系值得为此自豪。

地狱是别人的音频

在候诊室里播放视频且不戴耳机，这是否很失礼？最近我经常遇到儿童和成年人这样做。让其他人承受他们的噪音似乎极其不体贴。关于这一点的规则改变了吗？——N.S.

不仅仅是候诊室！我最近在徒步旅行的小径上，听到一名徒步者的手机里传出泰勒·斯威夫特的歌曲。任何公共空间都可能变成嘈杂的声景。而且不仅是视频。我还会听到大声的免提通话、音乐 / 铃声以及视频游戏的声音。智能设备的普及在此起到了作用，但将自己的娱乐强加于他人所需的那种自私让我无法理喻。请要求你的邻居使用耳机。如果他们拒绝，向前台人员投诉。

请继续：测试 Simp3Quit

这些年来，我向各种政治候选人捐款，我的联系信息被分享给了其他竞选团队。虽然我支持这些政治家的立场，但我对我收到的结果数量感到疲惫。我可以退订，但我担心这会打击候选人的积极性。不过，我并不想否认。有什么建议吗？——VOTER

政治候选人通过政党、数据供应商和语音电话建立他们的邮件列表。从海量邮件中退订不太可能打击候选人——因为他们可能完全不知道你的操作。所以请退订，防止精疲力竭。

如果您在尴尬的情况下需要帮助，请将问题发送至 SocialQ@mytimes.com，或在 Facebook 上联系 Philip Galanes，或在 X 上联系 @SocialQPhilip。

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纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

3

从最左侧起：Instagram 系列节目《Errands》的创作者 Noah Blau 在布鲁克林的家中；Blau 拍摄 Alison Doyle 准备驾驶执照考试；Blau 在家中编辑最近的一集。

卫生纸。看到有人在公共场合做私密事情，有一种吸引人且禁忌的感觉。”

在布鲁克林 Flatbush 一个闷热的下午，Blau 在 25 岁的网络挑衅者兼喜剧演员 Ivy Walk 的公寓里完成了该集的拍摄，她需要为新家买一台空调。在此之前，她一直用冷冻柜来给头部降温——正如她所说，像一个“反向的西尔维亚·普拉斯”——直到 Blau 记录下她从一家折扣店买了一台机器并用手推车把它推回家的过程。成功安装后，她正享受着空调带来的微风。

“美基于结构，而那些基础的事物往往是最有趣的，”Walk 说道。“正是生活中的这些碎片时刻，生长与觉醒在此发生。”

“人们对纽约的神话是它如此庞大且具有吞噬性，”她继续道。“但这个节目让人们知道，在那些城市消耗我们的日子里，有时你必须出门处理一些事情——那些为了作为成年人而生存必须做的枯燥琐事，我们所有人都必须忍受。观看这些能带来一种慰藉。”

“保持纯粹”

在布劳与室友合租的布什威克公寓里，他穿着毛绒拖鞋坐在电脑前，编辑 Walk 的那一集。一些来自《差事》（Errands）的纪念品被钉在纸板上，比如在讲述一名学弟为教会购买用品的那一集中出现的一块无麸质圣餐饼。此外，还有一张拉斯·冯·特里尔和约根·莱特执导的《五个障碍》的小海报。

他带着一种信念点击着电脑文件：“强尼”、“克里斯塔”、“艾琳”和“尤里亚”。

“我拿着摄像机跟踪人们已经很久了，”他说，“事实上，我的一辈子都在这么做。”

布劳在巴尔的摩长大，成长于一个新闻从业家庭。他的父亲是《巴尔的摩太阳报》的编辑，母亲是《芝加哥论坛-论坛报》的特约撰稿人。当他 6 岁时，布劳用数码相机拍摄了一段视频并上传到 YouTube（获得了 100 次观看）。16 岁时，在记录姐姐的成年礼时，他最终拍摄了她与祖父关于大屠杀的访谈。

在纽约大学 Tisch 艺术学院就读期间，布劳沉迷于弗雷德里克·威斯曼和肯特·麦克埃尔威等电影纪实导演的作品，同时也潜心研究约翰·卡萨维提斯和马丁·斯科塞斯的纽约经典电影。

“斯科塞斯的《愤怒的公牛》就像是一次终极的‘差事’，”他说，“那将是我梦寐以求的一集——让一个人在办理差事时陷入如此地步，以至于像电影里那样被愤怒的人群追逐。”

在布劳大二期间，疫情让纽约陷入停滞。随着课程转为线上，学生作品的拍摄也停止了。毕业后，布劳在陷入财务危机的电影行业中艰难寻找工作，偶尔接一些制片助理的零工，但主要靠在零售店和餐厅工作来支付房租。

与此同时，他也让自己沉浸在布什威克的创意氛围中，与演员、音乐家和作家们在 Narrows 等酒吧和 Life World 等艺术空间出没，这些人都在经历同样的后疫情时期的困境。有些时候，他会忍不住将摄像机对准他们。首先是索菲，他在她选购万圣节服装时记录了她的身影。接着是史蒂夫，他拍摄了史蒂夫在 Bloomingdale’s 百货公司退回一瓶香水的场景。

第一集讲述了一名年轻女性寻找粉色假发的探索之旅。

布劳和多尔在她的驾驶测试被推迟后在一起——这次延期破坏了该集潜在的高潮。但布劳重新打开了摄像机，询问她对这次挫折的感受。

“我开始思考，也许这里有些东西，”布劳说，“但我也只是想让人们把我当作一名电影制片人来看待我的作品。”

在他 2023 年发布第一集前后，“Subway Takes”在社交媒体算法中频繁出现。该节目的创作者 Karwen Babma 最初是在颠簸的火车上采访纽约的年轻创意人士。在谈话节目爆红后，他开始邀请科特·麦什曼和詹妮弗·洛佩兹等名人参加，并与谷歌等公司开展赞助贴合作。

当被问及是否希望《差事》能以类似的方式走红时，布劳迅速回答道。

“我热爱‘Subway Takes’，我的节目也存在于一个‘Subway Takes’之后的时代，但我不想让这个节目变成一张公关地图，”他说，“如果我请泰勒·斯科特参加《差事》，那大概是这档节目可能遭遇的最糟糕的事情。”

“我认为人们喜欢我的节目，是因为它在没有资金的情况下制作，且不赚钱，”他补充道，“我认为这有助于保持它的纯粹。”

前往驾驶测试

在最近的一个周三，布劳坐在道尔那辆破旧雪佛兰车的副驾驶位上，拍摄她开车前往弗拉特布什参加驾驶测试的过程。他提醒她在遇到减速带时减速，并询问她各种道路标志的含义。

“千万别问我纽约的限速是多少，”道尔说，“因为我不知道。”

在一条面对墓地的安静道路上，她停在了一排等待的学生驾驶员后面。等待时间很长，道尔在座位上焦虑地扭动着。直到一名穿着黄色背心的车辆管理局（DMV）考官走上前，告诉她测试被重新安排后，她的紧张情绪才终于缓解。

布劳似乎对又一次差事搞砸的前景感到受宠若惊。但在平静下来后，他重新打开摄像机，询问道尔对这次挫折的看法。当金色的阳光洒落在墓地之上时，她一边抽烟一边回答他的问题。

最后，布劳收起摄像机，望着那片像森林一样密集的墓碑。

“我做这件事的时间越长，就越觉得万物皆为差事，”他说，“我现在所做的是一件差事。分解并变成一棵树是一件差事。死亡也是一件差事。”

LOUIS VUITTON

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10 31

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

随着饮酒减少，社交空白将由什么来填补？

纽约时报，2026年8月2日，星期日

虽然适度饮酒的风险显而易见，但禁酒带来的公共成本则较为模糊。

作者：GINIA BELLAFANTE

肯塔基州路易斯维尔 —— 这里的 Last Refuge 是一家设在一座拥有 10 年历史的教堂内的酒吧兼餐厅，其餐厅的西墙高 35 英尺，展示了大约 1,300 种威士忌，其中许多产自这座城市及其周边地区，路易斯维尔自 19 世纪以来一直是美国烈酒行业的中心。在一个初夏的夜晚，出乎意料且完全并非刻意地，在那里等待我的目的并非直接是每盎司 $58 的私人小食业务或简单的开胃酒，而是一系列无酒精鸡尾酒的选择。

“会对这里有多少人不喝酒感到惊讶，”我们的女服务员在稍后说道。

我的同伴在路易斯维尔市长办公室工作。为了更好的睡眠和健康，她在几年前放弃了饮酒，这使她容易受到嘲讽，称在这样一个全国性戒酒趋势引发一系列焦虑的城市里，她本身就是问题的一部分。

我来到这里是为了衡量这种日益增长的厌恶所带来的附带影响。这一现实由科学推动，由调查支持，并由我作为一名主持人的经验所点缀——我注意到，一个长期以来关于款待的准则（每位客人在反对者面前准备半瓶葡萄酒）已不再适用。尽管削减饮酒有诸多益处，但某些仪式正在消失，人们不禁好奇，禁酒复兴运动还随之带走了什么。

在肯塔基州，答案似乎很直接。去年，Brown-Forman（除其他用户外，还是 Jost District 的制造商，且是该市文化生活的关键资助者）宣布将削减 12% 的员工。作为重组的一部分，该公司关闭了其在路易斯维尔的工厂，那里曾生产了 80 年的威士忌桶；250 个工作岗位被裁减。在附近的 Carrbane，Jim Beane 停止了该年度的异教生产。如今，公众面临着持续的挑战。

在全国范围内，葡萄酒、啤酒和烈酒的销量（按体积计算）一直在稳步下降；2023 年比前一年下降 2%，2025, 5 percent。统计这些数据的英国研究公司 I.W.S.R. 预计，未来十年将下降 18%。来自啤酒业的数据显示，精酿学习劳动力正在下降。

就业指标只是计算的一部分，该计算衡量了对那些在记录的历史时间中强制人类社交的习惯所依赖的生态系统的后果。从 16 世纪公共场所的诞生，到始于 Somerset Inn 的同性恋权利革命，以及随后的那些塑造了城市生活社交政治的活动。在过去的 15 到 20 年里，随着新餐厅的出现，酒吧将人们吸引到曾经人口稀少的市中心。这就是洛杉矶艺术区 As per City Brewery 的情况，它在 4 月份关闭了。常客们感受到了社区缺失的信号。在 7 月 4 日，位于阿拉巴马州伯明翰一个复兴区域的 Tom Taft Brewery 在经过 10 年的大规模住宿和表演空间后关闭。许多城市也发生了类似的关闭。

这种重新调整证明了来自医疗机构各方的信息传递的力量，误-

这种观念已经让许多美国人相信，即使每周只喝几杯，也可能导致严重的疾病和死亡。三年前，世界卫生组织宣布，任何 amount 的酒精都是不安全的。这一趋势在 2025 年 1 月进一步加速，当时的美国卫生总监维韦克·穆尔蒂（Vivek Murthy）警告称，酒精会导致更多致癌物的吸收，从而增加至少七种癌症的风险。一些公共卫生领域的人物认为，享受——即饮酒带来的愉悦以及适度清洁的饮品——不应被忽视。但他们的声音几乎没有产生什么影响。

在过去的四分之一个世纪里，大约三分之二的盖洛普（Gallup）民意调查受访者一直表示他们经常或偶尔饮用葡萄酒、啤酒或烈酒。去年，这一数字下降到 54 百分比，是 90 年来的最低水平。在 24 到 34 岁的人群中，这一数字下降到 50 百分比。与此同时，盖洛普的研究人员发现，这种下降似乎并非由于转向娱乐性大麻所导致。

按照大多数客观衡量标准，这种收缩是有益的。过度饮酒经常导致可怕的后果。疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）将每年 170,000 例死亡归因于这种行为，而且当然有数百万美国人正与成瘾作斗争。但一个领域的胜利可能会成为另一个领域的生存挫折。将节制饮酒妖魔化的社会成本有多高？我们为了公共卫生的指令而牺牲了什么？

这些问题隐含在近期对旨在劝阻即使是适度饮酒的市政计划的批评之中。5 月，纽约市卫生部门发起了一项公共教育活动，海报上显示一个贴着“癌症风险”标签的啤酒瓶。随附的标语是：“没有机会，只有事实。”

葡萄酒商反对这些广告，认为其过于激进，并主张他们的产品是该市餐饮和市场生活的核心——一名分销商在接受《葡萄酒爱好者》（Wine Enthusiast）采访时表示，将其简化为公共卫生警告“忽视了它对我们文化价值观的巨大贡献”。正如一些人指出的，加工肉类与结直肠癌相关，但市政府并没有开展针对卡茨（Katz’s）熟食三明治的讨伐行动。

市内的葡萄酒店已经陷入困境，一些知名店铺相继关闭，包括自 1940 年代就在曼哈顿占有一席之地的 Merrell & Company。其他商店则向批发商开出了空头支票。与咖啡吧、药店或 Brandy Melville 不同，酒类商店在城市的商业构成中占据着独特的位置；其中 6, 经常由家族经营，

成为了抵御连锁店激进侵蚀的堡垒。

餐厅则经历了它们自己的故事：传统上，酒精带来的利润比食物更高。“餐厅不能简单地通过提高菜单价格来抵消酒精销售额的下降，尤其是当许多顾客已经对价格敏感时，”纽约市酒店业联盟（NYC Hospitality Alliance，一个游说团体）负责人安德鲁·里吉（Andrew Rigie）表示。结果就是小企业面临“严重的财务压力”。

6 月，马萨诸塞州剑桥市的酒吧和餐厅抵制了该市酒精许可委员会的一项提案，该提案将限制他们每半小时向顾客提供不超过一杯饮品。在 Instagram 上，一名店主呼吁人们站出来反对，除非他们希望“剑桥市的每家酒吧和餐厅每 30 分钟就要响起一次定时器”。

在某些地方，全国范围内对酒精的退却引发了对失去工作、艺术资金减少和社交氛围减弱的担忧。

酒精行业的情况则截然不同：在肯塔基州辛辛那提，吉姆·宾（Jim Beam，左上）停止了 2026. 年的生产。路易斯维尔管弦乐团的共同协调员泰迪·亚伯拉罕（Teddy Abrams，左下）表示，由于经济和社会趋势的改变，他担心会失去与酒精行业相关人士的慈善支持。

与之精神相似的是，路易维尔流传的一项提案，该提案将强制要求海兰兹（Highlands，一个夜生活文化活跃的社区）的酒吧必须确保 70% 的收入来自食物而非酒精。这一想法是在该社区陷入混乱和嘈杂之后提出的，但由于许多业主表示，如果实施此类裁决，他们将被迫关门，因此该想法很快被否决。

在市长克雷格·格林伯格（Craig Greenberg）任期内，路易维尔的交通流量显著下降，与此同时，他将酒精业利益视为其信任的核心部分——这种困境在他的方案中充斥着烈酒瓶，几乎没有混淆余地。在最近的一次访问中，他坐在办公室里，淡化了该市繁荣的烈酒旅游业。在过去的几年里，该产业创下了纪录。

但这种成功在多少程度上影响了行业模式尚不明确。路易维尔的经济缺乏广泛的多样化，市长承认，虽然一些失去承包商的职位可以被其他企业吸收，但其他角色——如“经典岗位、首席酿酒师”——具有高度专业性，且不易转移。他表示，更广泛的担忧是，消费者的习惯是否发生了足以让公司感受到变化的实质性改变。

很难在参与路易维尔公民和文化生活的人群中找到能够轻描淡写地看待酒精销售规划的人，或者在想到年轻人放弃酒吧的欢乐交流而转向算法的阴暗操纵时，不会不屑地挥手的人；况且烈酒业是肯塔基州最大的产业之一，规模达 166 亿美元$ billion，创造了近 24,000 个工作岗位，并每年贡献 $172$ million 的税收。

几十年来，棕褐 ফর্ম-曼公司（Brown-Forman company）通过企业捐赠及其附属基金会维持着该市的资源和表演艺术。当地文化组织的负责人会告诉你，几乎没有一个机构或对其英雄的纪念不带有该公司的烙印。该市弗利森历史学会（Fliison Historical Society）主席帕特里克·刘易斯（Patrick Lewis）指出，六年前，当布里安娜·泰勒（Breanna Taylor）被一名路易维尔警察枪杀时，棕褐 ফর্ম-曼公司提供了资金，让学会聘请了一名黑人历史全职专家。

根据该公司和税务申报单，在过去一个财政年度中，棕褐 ফর্ম-曼公司捐赠了超过 $14$ million，使其成为当地慈善事业的领导者之一。例如，根据合同，肯塔基德比赛的举办方、该市另一家高知名度公司丘吉尔道 the Downs (Churchill Downs) 分配的金额不到前者的四分之一。

但棕褐 ফর্ম-曼公司不仅仅是一个单一的慈善部门。它就像一个大家庭，个人高管和公司的朋友们持有股票，这些股票在过去五年中的价值增长超过了一半。令筹款人担心的是看到许多情况：年度捐赠额在四位或五位数的范围内被削减。正如一位文化领袖所解释的，烈酒旅游业的成功无法弥补酒精消费的明显下降，而酒精消费被定义为支持该市文化生活至关重要的网络。

在天才指挥家泰迪·亚伯拉姆斯（Teddy Abrams）的领导下，路易维尔管弦乐团被赞誉为美国最具破坏性（影响力）的乐团之一。“人们一直假设布朗家族会处理好一切，”亚伯拉姆斯说。尽管有公司的支持，但他说，“我的工作是面对所有这些——每一个不断变化的全球惯例和市场转移。”

公共卫生官员并不负责研究酒精消费如何影响艺术资金。但医生、治疗师和流行病学家经常讨论烈酒与社会隔离的问题。

去年，由一名丹麦心理学教授和一名苏格兰公共卫生讲师共同发表在《成瘾》（Addiction）杂志上的一篇学术论文因其贡献而获得关注，该论文认为酒精研究存在一个“快感问题”。多年来，酒精研究一直旨在将其描述为一种由广告商制造的幻象，且仅仅因为其与健康的对立关系而具有显著性。

也许，他们大胆地认为，现在是时候进行一次刷新了。

---

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

37 11

誓言

西耶娜·戈麦斯 (SIENNA GOMEZ) 与 寇尔·霍斯曼 (COLE HOSMAN)

对于一名 TikTok 明星而言，真爱在屏幕之外降临

作者：卡迪拉·哈奈 (KADIRA HANAY)

在新冠肺炎大流行初期，国家协会……对西耶娜·星·格梅斯 (Sienna Star Games) 产生了网络迷恋。

格梅斯在 2020 年封锁期间度过的大部分时间与许多高中生一样——在 TikTok 上。2026 年 8 月，16 岁的她开始发布门口视频和早期的故事计数，并迅速（即通过她的第一条发布内容）在该平台上经历了网络走红，目前她在该平台拥有超过 12.5 million 粉丝。霍斯曼就是早期的粉丝之一。

“有一天我还只是个普通的高中生，”现年 22 岁的格梅斯说道。“然后到了第二周，我就成了这个年龄段中一张知名的面孔，必须与一些机构和公司共同做出重大的商业决定。”

当霍斯曼于 2020 年从芝加哥搬到加利福尼亚州 (California) 的安纳海姆，以追求专业电话营销职业时，他给格梅斯发了一条信息。而且他时不时地会给她发送另一条私信。“她看起来是个一起玩起来很有趣的人，”现年 24 岁的霍斯曼说道，“而且在她的视频里表现得超级棒。”

但他也可能只是在自言自语。格梅斯从未看到这些信息。在 2025 年的万圣节，霍斯曼和几个……

在一场可怕的事故之后，

伸出援手，提供一些急需的安慰。

朋友们在洛杉矶的一场派对上抽烟，他在那里看到了 Games，她在那年早些时候随家人从加利福尼亚州的特梅库拉搬到了那里。

“我清晰地记得走过她身边时，我们两人同时回头看向对方，”Hosman 说道，“那一刻我知道我有机会了。”

两个月后，在 2025 年 12 月，Hosman 的一段电话营销视频出现在了 Games 的 Instagram 动态中，他认为这次一定可以。她关注了他，但并没有把这件事与万圣节派对联系起来。

在 2025 年 5 月，Hosman 经历了一次可怕的电话营销事故。在尝试一个电话技巧时，他头部着地，颈部受伤，导致身体陷入完全休克。他持续处于昏迷状态，并且头部可能需要手术。当时与一家名为 Disorder Shareboards 的电视公司签约的 Hosman，在 Instagram 故事中讲述了他的康复过程。他还分享了这次事故加强了他的基督教信仰。

“我就直接发信息说：‘嘿，很遗憾你经历了这些。我在为你祈祷，’”Games 回忆道，她当时刚刚成为一名基督徒。她在 2022 年初接受了洗礼。他们通过共同的信仰走到了一起。

他们聊了几天，最终她在阿纳海姆的公寓里与他见面，带去了胶带贴和一个颈托。而他为她做了巧克力碎片饼干。

她立即注意到他是一个很好的倾听者（他会提出问题，表现出关心，让她感到自己的话被听到了）。“我注意到他并不想从我这里得到任何东西，”Games 说，“这种不同让他感觉真的很真实。他只是想聊天，只是想陪伴在我身边。”

这对她来说意义尤为重大，因为她当时正与社交媒体的侵扰作斗争，面对着日常中交织的爱与恨，以及一种被异化得如此不正常的生活。“我当时处于这样一个阶段，我试图将我的身份与社交媒体分开，真正地弄清楚我作为一个人的身份，”Games 说。这是一个过程，但这是一个想法。“他在我寻找身份的过程中起到了很大作用。”

接下来的一周，Games 每天开车前往阿纳海姆

Sienna Gomez 和 Cole Hosman 在 7 月 23 日于夏威夷卡内奥赫举行的婚礼庆典上。Gomez 由她的父亲 Raman Gomez 陪同走向祭坛。

陪伴他康复。由于他在康复期间无法进行过多活动，他们看了很多电影，包括她最喜欢的一部。“我很喜欢《如果可以》，而他喜欢《伴我同行》。”

大约一周后，在他们的第一次正式约会中，他们去了拉古纳海滩，观看日落，然后步行前往 Go Raman 晚餐。由 Gomez 建议餐厅，并由她支付了第一次约会的费用。

“他当时在做一份最低工资的工作，”Gomez 说，“而我当时在与美宝莲做品牌合作。我们的处境完全不在同一个层面上。”

她习惯于出入高级餐厅，但她知道他们还年轻，且她的成长路径是非传统的。当时 20 岁的 Hosman 在一家杂货店工作，同时兼顾他的电话营销事业。“他没有资金去支付昂贵的晚餐，”她说，“那从来不是我关心的事。我想和你一起吃饭并款待你，而他在其他方面对我尽心尽力。”她相信他能够处理好这一切并获得经济上的稳定。

“现在多年以后，Cole 在各方面都照顾着我，”Gomez 说。2025 年 6 月，Hosman 邀请她成为他的女朋友。不久后，她随家人搬到了圣地亚哥，而他在休息日每周末都会从阿纳海姆开车——大约 1.5 小时——去看她。他们在海边度过了很多时光，他很快地融入了她的家庭。他们每周进行家庭晚餐，Hosman 总是帮助 Gomez 以及她的家人，包括她的朋友 Sienna Swim 和 Ranzine 一家人。

“他就那样渐渐成了家里的一员，”她说。在那年 10 月，她后来在芝加哥见到了他的家人。这家人在圣迭戈和檀香山之间分时居住，戈麦斯的兄弟及其妻子就住在檀香山。

从一开始，霍斯曼就知道她就是那个唯一的人。但戈麦斯说：“我当时还是觉得年轻。我的意思是，我那时很年轻。”在求婚方案出现之前，她希望等到 22 岁。

而对他而言，他想确保在结婚前理顺自己的职业生涯。“我当时非常激进，尝试所有事情，做各种琐碎的工作，”霍斯曼说。在过去的两年里，他在她的鼓励下，在一家名为 Present Heasiness 的基督教友好公司工作，建立了自信并找到了一条新路径。他目前仍是一名分享者，制作关于体育健身的内容，包括冲浪、饮食、跑步和举重。同时，他也是一名在线健身教练。

“她帮助我将社交媒体更多地转化为一项业务，”他说。

2025 年 8 月，当她的父母从圣迭戈访问檀香山时，霍斯曼求婚了。他在他们床边给戈麦斯留了一张纸条：“现在我在卡哈纳湾 9 35。”那天早晨，她的哥哥把她带到海滩，霍斯曼就站在那里，家人在他身后。

戈麦斯说她仍然觉得自己很年轻，但表示他们两个都成长得很快，而且他在这段感情中变得更加成熟了一些。自从她 17 岁搬到洛杉矶以来，戈-

这一天

日期：2026年7月22日

地点：夏威夷州卡内奥赫，库阿库亚牧场的 Pollen Gardens

第一支舞：仪式结束后，San Z夫妇在贾斯汀·比伯的《Confrontation》曲调中跳了他们的第一支舞。母子舞曲目选用作摩根·沃克（Morgan Walker）的《Thought You Should Know》（戈麦斯说：“科尔热爱乡村音乐。”）。随后，戈麦斯与她的父亲在朱尔·约翰逊（Jule Johnson）的《My Little Girl》中共享了一段温馨的舞蹈。

Ti Lari Lei：在招待会上，Hosman佩戴了由ti植物深绿叶子制成的传统夏威夷花环。在彩排晚宴上，戈麦斯佩戴了由满天星制成的饰品，该饰品由其好友伊瓦塔·伯贝奇（Iwata Burbage）制作。

mer 是她的社交圈中最年轻的人。她经营着两家公司，总是出现在拍摄现场，与其他创作者合作并建立人脉。

Hosman在10岁时就从高中辍学，全职从事电话营销并为了内容创作而旅行。（他最终通过网络高中毕业。）18岁时，他独自搬到了加利福尼亚州。“我觉得我一直是个比较独立的人，”他说，“我并没有太依赖父母。我想靠自己完成。”

7月12日，这对夫妇在夏威夷州卡内奥赫的库阿库亚牧场 Pollen Gardens举行仪式。加利福尼亚州欧申赛德 Rhythm 教会的主任牧师杰夫·米尔斯（Jeff Mears）在约80位宾客面前主持了婚礼。

双方父母都发表了感人的演讲，而出席的另外一位姐妹和新郎的哥哥发表的演讲“简直像音乐一样”，戈麦斯的母亲迪娜（Dina）说道。“那真的很可爱，因为它展现了我们两个家庭的个性。”

随后，新娘的朋友杰伊·谢尔（Jay Schell）用吉他惊喜地表演了约翰的《Skipping Through My Fingers》。在他演唱时，戈麦斯的母亲将她带到了舞池中。“然后所有的音乐和女儿们都走上了舞池，手牵手地一起唱，”她的母亲回忆道。

接着，舞池在 Bad Bones、Usher 的 thrombosis 和 No No 以及大量的迈克尔·杰克逊歌曲中进入高潮。

“我一直期待这一刻，”Hosman 说道。

婚礼

Sara Trotter, JP Praewoznik

多年后，一盘混音带依然将两人相连

2022 年初，萨拉·伊丽莎白·特罗特（Sara Elizabeth Trotter）与家人度假时，手机屏幕上出现了一个令人惊喜的通知：一条来自 JP 普雷沃兹尼克（JP Praewoznik）的 Facebook 消息。

这对前情侣在二十年间时而失去联系，时而交换友好的问候、电子邮件和信件，偶尔也会发送一些关于“过去”的消息。

这条来自普雷沃兹尼克的消息提到，他们一直在听 Praewoznik 的《走自己的路》（Go Your Own Way）——正是几十年前两人约会时，普雷沃兹尼克为特罗特录制在混音带里的那首歌。

特罗特当时已在美国与第二任丈夫结婚并育有幼子，她回忆道：“在美国，当你为某人制作混音带时，那是相当深情的告白。”

两人最初于 1999 年秋季在纽约大学（N.Y.U.）的一个诗歌工作坊相识。当时就读大三的普雷沃兹尼克被大一新生特罗特的形象和嗓音所吸引。但两人当时交流不多。

一年半后，机遇让他们在哈里斯州立公园（Harris State Park）附近的 Kewaps 营地担任辅导员时再次相遇。特罗特在早些时候告知普雷沃兹尼克（出生时被指定为女性）自己是双性恋且之前有过女友时，打破了僵局。“我想他当时心想‘感谢上帝’，”普雷沃兹尼克说道。

几天后，在木屋里聊到感情话题时，普雷沃兹尼克让特罗特从地板上站起来，两人发生了初吻。“我当时心跳加速，不知所措，”特罗特回忆道。

由于特罗特从纽约大学转学到城市学院（City College），这段夏季恋情难以维系。当特罗特在新罕布什尔州纳舒厄（Nashua, N.H.）家中暂住时，他们尝试过异地恋，但当她搬回纽约后，她结束了这段关系。“我当时太年轻也太傻了，”她说。

几个月后，在 2001 年春季，普雷沃兹尼克从纽约大学获得英语教育学士学位并誓言离开这座城市。

“这座城市容不下我们两个，”现年 45 的普雷沃兹尼克说。于是他们搬到了费城，在天普大学（Temple University）攻读社会工作硕士学位期间，担任被法院判决的青少年女孩的教育工作者。

40 岁的特罗特也走上了自己的路。她在城市学院获得英语学士学位后，在海亚利亚（Hialeah）担任教练员，并开始与一名来自纽约大学的老友约会，此人于 2006 年成为她的丈夫。同年，她与丈夫为了追求更经济的生活方式搬到了俄勒冈州波特兰市。在那里，特罗特获得了波特兰州立大学（Portland State University）的课程与教学硕士学位，并在转岗到至今仍从事的特殊教育工作前，在小学任教。

2007 年 2 月，普雷沃兹尼克给特罗特的邮箱发了一封邮件，说他们计划去波特兰拜访一名营地好友，并邀请特罗特一起喝啤酒。见面 20 分钟内，他们就牵起了手。随后，他们接吻了。“我们只要在同一个空间里就无法自持，”特罗特说。在普雷沃兹尼克为期四天的访问结束时，两人决定分别与各自的伴侣分手。特罗特搬出了与丈夫共同居住的房子，而普雷沃兹尼克结束了一段长期关系。他们再次尝试异地恋。

几个月后，特罗特在自己的生日那天打电话给普雷沃兹尼克，感谢对方赠送的花束，结果出现了问题。当对方没有接电话并回复“我不能跟他们说话，我不是”时，特罗特意识到这段关系无法持久。“我当时退缩了，”普雷沃兹尼克后来承认。

两人一直没有联系，直到 2009 年，普雷沃兹尼克联系了特罗特，告诉她自己患有甲状腺癌，但目前处于缓解期。“她给我回信说：‘我知道我们一直没联系，但如果你再次患癌，请务必告诉我’，”普雷沃兹尼克说道。

从那时起，两人建立了一种类似于友谊的关系。在与他人交往的同时，偶尔分享生活的近况。2015 年，特罗特（Trotter）嫁给了她的第二任丈夫，并在 2018 和 2020 年生了两个女儿。

当普拉沃兹尼克（Praewoznik）在 2022 年就混音带的事联系特罗特时，特罗特表示她当时正面临婚姻问题。当谈话转到特罗特本人时，她告诉普拉沃兹尼克，她希望以“正确的方式”去探索他们之间的联系。

到 2023 年秋天，特罗特和她的丈夫离婚了。“我有机会放下我的婚姻，去追求这个在我心中占据了 33 年的人，”她说道。

接下来的 11 个月充满了物流和情感上的挑战。普拉沃兹尼克在波特兰找到了目前的工作，在凯撒医疗（Kaiser Permanente）的一家医院志愿者项目中担任项目经理。但最重要的是，他们致力于戒酒。

他们出生于新泽西州奥尔桥（Old Bridge, N.J.）一个深受成瘾问题困扰的家庭，因此他们知道，在成为特罗特两个女儿（现年 4 和 10 岁）的家长之前，必须解决自己终身与酒精作斗争的问题。当特罗特对普拉沃兹尼克的进步充满信心后，她求婚了。

两人于 7 月 19 日在 60 年前波特兰的 Lansdance 俱乐部举行了婚礼。圣安德烈圣公会教堂（St. Andrew's Episcopal Church）的詹妮弗·克隆特（Jennifer Crowndt）牧师主持了仪式。这对夫妇创作了一封“情书”，其中填充了多年来他们保持联系的信件、电子邮件和短信。TARA TOBBANONA

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12

纽约时报，星期日，2008 年 8 月 2 日

誓言

时尚问答

从加密货币到胚胎：婚前协议是如何演变的

在一些人口中被称为“婚姻保险”的合同中，需要关注什么。

作者：SARAH UVIN

现在是签署婚前协议的好时机。

婚前合同曾被视为一个禁忌话题——甚至被认为是不吉利的——但近年来，其社会污名在逐渐减轻。泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）和特雷弗·卡恩（Trevor Kahn）很可能刚刚签署了一份协议，而罗布·伯德特（Robb Burdett）最近的畅销回忆录《陌生人》（Strangere）则将其作为一份糟糕的婚前协议的警示录。

贝齐·萨克斯（Betsy Sachs）是一位千禧一代和 Z 世代的财务专家，在 Instagram 和 TikTok 上的化名是 Mrs. Dow Jones，她还撰写了畅销书《未来的富人》（Future Rich Person）。不出所料，她是婚前协议的坚定支持者。

“我认为，将婚前协议纳入讨论工具，并将其摆在正对面，这一点非常重要，”她说。“我们已经习惯了在派对上花费天文数字般的金额，却给唯一一份能在派对结束后保护你的法律文件贴上污名，”她补充道，“这毫无道理。”

以下是她希望任何准备结婚的人考虑的事项。（本文经过编辑和压缩）。

你将婚前协议称为“婚姻保险”。为什么？

我们购买各种类型的保险，并不期望任何事情发生——你购买医疗保险并不是为了生病，也不希望生病。你购买房屋保险并不是希望你的房子被烧毁。

很多人听到“婚前协议”时，会认为你是在计划离婚，但这确实是一个错误的框架。婚姻在本质上是一个商业决定。是的，它是一种情感现象，但你在法律上与这个人绑定在一起。

在你们深爱对方时决定合同条款，要好过在人生中最具情感冲击的时刻——离婚时——再去做决定。

如今年轻夫妇的婚前协议与前几代人有什么不同？

千禧一代和 Z 世代将婚前协议视为财务规划。这一代人的特点是：在结婚前创业，投资更早，并创造了父母辈从未拥有的资产。二十年前，人们保护的是度假屋。如今，他们保护的是创作者品牌、社区、加密货币和知识产权。在过去几年中，我看到相关咨询大幅增加，尤其是来自女性的咨询。她们在问：“我如何保护我在他出现之前花费多年时间建立的业务？”

内容创作者或影响力人士在签署婚前协议时应该考虑哪些事项？

我们现在对影响力的认知与 30 年前不同。对于内容创作者来说，情况非常复杂，因为法律在私人生活和商业之间模糊了界限。如果你的婚姻成为了你品牌的一部分，那么可能会出现关于以下方面的问题：

未来的版税、旧作品的所有权、许可、以及与你的形象挂钩且与你已婚状态相关的收入。

如果你的婚姻成为了你品牌的一部分，你的婚前协议需要像保护银行账户一样保护你的业务。我对任何创作者说的第一句话就是：

你的业务需要一个“生命周期股权剔除”（life percent equity carve out）。这是律师术语，意思是“这家公司是我的”。你的业务、你的商标、你的版权、你的内容库、你的形象——这些都应该被明确界定为独立财产。

然后考虑未来的问题。如果你结婚后业务继续增长，那么播客剧集、品牌合作、投资收益或在多年后仍能赚钱的旧资产的所有权归谁？

如果你的配偶经常出现在你创作的内容中怎么办？

那是灰色地带。如果你的配偶成为了你的共同创作者（co-848）或经常出现在你的视频中，你需要提前做出决定。如果关系结束，你还能保留这些内容吗？是否有人能分得未来的收入？这些对话现在虽然尴尬，但如果不谈，以后会更尴尬。

随着越来越多的夫妇选择生育治疗，关于胚胎等生殖“财产”的情况又如何？

胚胎创造了一个完全不同的类别，因为它们涉及女性激素和极其私人的生殖决定。

生育诊所需要的内容通常过于通用，因此一份婚前协议或一个特定的子标题将在法律上引导夫妻做出决定。这可能意味着胚胎被销毁，或降级用于科学研究，或交给其中一方，同时明确法律上另一方父母权利的剥夺以及抚养费义务。

婚前协议如何保护那些选择离开职场以支持家庭或照顾家庭的配偶？

我认为人们低估的最大财务风险之一并不是离婚，而是职业中断。如果你为了抚养孩子而离开一个年薪六位数的职业 5 到 10 年，你放弃的不仅仅是薪水，你还放弃了人脉、晋升机会、退休金供款、社会保障信用额度以及未来的赚钱潜力。这通常被称为“母亲薪酬惩罚”。

谁能从签署婚前协议中获益？

人们普遍存在一种误解，认为婚前协议只保护（财产）信息，但我认为它们保护的是双方。因为对于资产较少的一方来说，这仅仅是财务上的清晰化；婚前协议可以保证在其他情况下不确定的财务保障。此外，如果婚姻结束，婚前协议还能降低发生大量昂贵诉讼的可能性。

一家成功的企业会在问题出现之前定义预期。一对成功的伴侣也能从这样做中获益。

婚礼

杰克逊·法斯特 (Jackson Fust), 阿利斯泰尔·史蒂芬森 (Alistair Stephenson)

Zendaya 发现最合适的事物

酷儿舞蹈在那里的常态长期由 Alistair William Stephenson（左）和 John William Fust 维持。虽然“跳舞就是跳舞”，但他们在宾夕法尼亚州亚利桑那州的一年一度酷儿音乐节 Husebo Campani 相识。

2016年8月16日，化名为 Jackson 的 Fust 表示，在一段九年的感情结束之后，他当时在“防止让自己孤独”。“所以，我一个人在舞池中，而且非常享受。”

Stephenson 注意到了 Fust，但他没有上前。Stephenson 说：“他的舞池掌控力有一种特别的东西，我简直无法抗拒。”

那天晚上晚些时候，两人交谈过但没有交换电话号码。然而，几个月后，一个朋友邀请 Fust 参加一个名为 Alistair 的人的生日派对。Fust 记得当时在想：“在布鲁克林不可能有那么多叫 Alistair 的男人。”

于是，他在 2016年11月9日前往位于布鲁克林 Budweich 社区的 All Night Skate 参加派对，并很快遇到了 Stephenson。

Fust 说：“我们当时非常友好、亲切且兴奋。”

“他表现得如此自然、亲切且兴奋，”Fust 说。

随后，在 2020年元旦，再次回到 Public Records，Stephenson 和 Fust 在舞池中又一次相遇。那一夜，他们分享了第一个吻。Fust 说：“我被那个吻震撼了，我从未有过那种感觉。”

Stephenson 说：“我当时太激动了。” Fust 询问他们是否终于可以在舞池以外的地方见面，Stephenson 答应了。

Stephenson 在澳大利亚悉尼出生并长大。他是国家保险西方联盟（National Insurance Western Alliance）的首席战略与影响力官，这是一个总部位于纽约的全国性倡导组织。他获得了悉尼大学的哲学学士学位和法律学位。

同样 36 岁的 Fust 出生并成长于弗吉尼亚州的 Isnarta Draft。他是生活方式品牌 Quince 的高级成员 / 负责人，兼任一名教师和桌面规划师。他获得了弗吉尼亚大学的美国政治学学士学位。

他们的第一次正式约会在 2020年1月1日。他们去了 Radio Grande 喝一杯，在 Gannu Brooklyn 喝了茶，然后去了位于 Crown Heights 的 Pearl 的公寓。“我们聊了很多关于友谊的话题，”Stephenson 说。“我想我们都很快意识到，对于我们周围的不同社区来说，我们都将友谊视为一种严肃的承诺，而非生活的次要部分。”

Fust 补充说，“感觉这是一次非常完美的初次约会。”他回忆起当时在想：“看来我打算暂时单身一段时间的计划泡汤了。”

11 天后，他们去 Locanda Van & Obi 吃了晚餐，然后去了 Stephenson 位于 Bedford-Stuyvesant 的公寓看电影。第三次约会很快在 Fuel 的公寓举行。“我带了花，”Stephenson 说。“他为我做了这道菜。”四个月后，他们正式确立关系。

五月，Fust 和 Stephenson 搬到 Crown Heights 同居。

今年八月，在从曼哈顿到布鲁克林的地铁上的一次对话取代了正式的求婚，标志着他们订婚的开始。“我们谁都记不清具体措辞，甚至不记得是谁先提出来的，”Stephenson 说。

这对新人于 7月23日 在曼哈顿婚姻登记局对面的一处“婚礼花园”结婚。由 Stephenson 的朋友、代表 Electric US 的纽约市议会议员 Onai 担任主祭，后者持有为期一天的婚姻主祭执照。

在法律意义上的婚礼之前，这对新人于7月11日在克林顿山的圣约瑟夫大学为 45 位宾客举办了一场庆祝活动，仪式同样由奥奈议员主持，随后在同位于克林顿山的 Dinner Party 餐厅举行招待会。之后在他们第一次约会的地方 Radio Grande 举办的派对共有 70 位宾客出席。

当这对新人前往威廉斯堡的 Eleno Vintage 为庆祝婚礼挑选复古婚服时，赞达亚（Zendaya）和她的造型师李·比奇（Lee Beach）正好走了进来。

“当我尝试第四件衣服时，赞达亚上下打量了我一眼，说道：‘就是这一件。’当然，我买了它，”史蒂芬森地说道。（那件衣服是 Nicky Hilton 为第五大道萨克斯公司设计的。所有的礼服都来自同一家店。）“我们现在认为，我们的婚姻得到了赞达亚的祝福。”——珍妮·布洛克（JENNY BLOCK）

阿里亚娜·卡桑（Alyannah Kassan）， 马利克·拉达尼（Malik Ladhani）

“命中注定”与 Hinge 算法

在 2022 年 9 月 10 日的第一次约会中，当 Alyannah Kassan 和 Malik Ladhani 在中央公园漫步时，他们惊讶地发现彼此有着如此相似的背景。

Kassan 和 Ladhani 在一周前通过 Hinge 匹配成功。他们发现两人都是印度裔的伊斯玛仪派（Ismaili Shudhor），其家庭在移民到加拿大之前都定居在东非，时间是在 20 世纪 70 年代初。两人都在多伦多郊区长大，后来赴美留学并定居在曼哈顿。

Kassan 被 Ladhani 平静且谦逊的举止所吸引，而 Ladhani 则被 Kassan 的热情和幽默所吸引。

“我们聊了很多，”Ladhani 说，“在第一次约会时，就感觉彼此已经认识很久了。感觉我们之间已经建立了很深的联系。”

两周后，当 Kassan 回到安大略省的理查蒙德希尔（Richmond Hill）探亲时，她的母亲问她是否在交往。

“我说：‘噢，其实我跟一个来自多伦多的伊斯玛仪教徒男生约会了——他叫 Malik，’”她说，“然后我妈说：‘等等，他姓什么？’”

他们很快地把这件事联系了起来：Kassan 和 Ladhani 的父亲曾在安大略省的西安大学（University of Western）就读，那时两人是好友，甚至在 2070 年一起开车去纽约市旅行过。虽然大学毕业后两人失去了联系，但偶尔仍会在多伦多地区的伊斯玛仪礼拜堂偶遇。

当 Kassan 把这个联系告诉 Ladhani 时，她说：“我们两个人都觉得，这太疯狂了。发生这种概率是多少？”

在这次回家期间，Kassan 还有一个关于日期的惊人发现：她随机询问了 Ladhani 的出生日期。结果发现，他们竟然在同一天出生，都是 10 月 28 日，仅仅相差三岁。“他给我发了驾照的照片来证明这一点，”她说。

在这些清晰可见的纽带驱动下，这对伴侣在纽约频繁约会。“我们共度了大量时光，感觉非常自然，”Ladhani 说，“我很快就深深地陷入了爱河。”

现年 31 岁的 Ladhani 是 Simpson Trafford & Bartlett 律师事务所兼并收购业务的合伙人。他拥有渥太华大学的政治学和经济学学士学位，以及哈佛法学院的法学学位。

Kassan，16 岁，是 E.V. Parcherson 的董事，该公司是一家来自 A Young 的战略咨询公司，专注于企业房地产兼并收购业务。她拥有 Cavani 的酒店管理学士学位。

这对情侣在 2022 年 12 月正式确立关系，即在他们相识三个月后，当时 Ladhani 刚从卡塔尔世界杯回来。在他离开期间，Ladhani 意识到他希望 Kassan 能一直陪伴在他身边。他说，他意识到她就是那个“我想与之共同经历人生的人”。

在 Ladhani 回程的航班降落之前，Kassan 冒雨乘坐巴士前往皇后区，从加拿大连锁店 Tim Harrison 买甜甜圈。当她带着甜甜圈进入他位于 Murray Hill 的公寓时，他给了她一个惊喜，问她是否愿意成为他的女朋友。

2024 年 8 月，Ladhani 搬进了 Kassan 位于上东区的公寓，他们至今仍居住在那里，靠近他们第一次约会时在中央公园走过的路径。

多年来，这对伴侣养成了两个传统。每年秋天，他们会通过一场联合派对来庆祝共同的生日，邀请朋友参加乒乓球赛或宝莱坞主题骑行课等活动。每年冬天，他们都会在纽约市的室外冰场滑冰，以此致敬他们在加拿大的成长经历以及多年的曲棍球运动经历。

2025 年 4 月，Ladhani 在度假期间计划前往东京的 Young Park。因为知道 Kassan 喜爱樱花，Ladhani 与当地摄影师合作，精准定位最佳的赏花路线。当这对情侣在指定地点自拍时，扮演游客的摄影师主动提出帮他们拍照——而这正是 Ladhani 准备单膝下跪求婚的时机。

他们在7月14日于纽约市婚姻登记局结婚。市书记员 Sinking Ciba 主持了仪式，两人的母亲担任证婚人。随后，他们与父母及其他直系亲属一起，通过观看一场世界杯比赛并在曼哈顿 NoBall 社区的一家旁遮普餐厅 Ambassador's Clubhouse 共进晚餐来庆祝。

8月4日，他们将在伦敦的 Canadian show 为 120 位宾客举办一场宗教仪式和婚宴。这对新人将把伊斯玛仪派仪式与印度文化传统相结合，以庆祝将他们带在一起的巨大巧合。

“很幸运我们在 Hinge 上相遇，完全是靠算法，”Kassan 说道。但——“感觉在我们在相遇之前，所有这些小细节早已经由星辰注定。” MTHLIFE

关于周末

《纽约时报》的婚礼与关系类文章由 David 及各类团队（weddings）运行。

仪式报道基于新人提供的信息，并经由我们的记者核实。如欲提交您的婚礼申请，请通过各类团队（weddings and crew, 10）直接联系婚礼栏目以进行任何修正。在此过程中，我确信您的婚礼申请将不会通过电子邮件被考虑，仅限通过申请表提交。

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纽约时报，星期日，2020年8月2日

ST 13

誓言

当目的地婚礼不再遥远时

一些新人决定将远在海外的地点改为国内场所。

作者：TAMMY LAUDICE

在杰西卡·巴特利特（Jessica Bartlett）和布罗迪·德布里安（Brody DeBrians）邀请人们参加他们在意大利举行的春季婚礼之前，亚德琳·佩雷斯（Adeline Perez）就知道她和丈夫马克斯（Max）很可能得拒绝。

这个决定并不容易。这对夫妇与巴特利特和德布里安关系密切，但他们正在为最近搬入加利福尼亚州（California）普萨·罗宾斯（Pusa Robins）房子的第 12 笔款项攒钱。“我必须面对现实，”佩雷斯说。旅行的成本“真的会让人陷入困境”。

来自佛罗里达州波卡拉顿（Boca Raton）的 26 岁巴特利特曾预料到会有大量拒绝。她说：“我想，如果人们选择不来，我不会难过。”但在邀请函发出之前，她和德布里安开始联系他们最想共同庆祝的人，很快就听说对于某些人来说，去意大利旅行很困难。在得知包括佩雷斯夫妇在内的宾客们想参加但可能无法成行后，这对新人决定重新考虑他们的计划。

巴特利特和德布里安没有按照计划在科莫湖（Lake Como）或阿马尔菲海岸（Amalt Coast）交换誓词，而是在加利福尼亚州的圣维拉谷（Santa Vera Valley）萨斯曼酒庄（Sussman Winery）定于 4 月举行婚礼。波科诺（The Pocono）一家对此感到非常激动。

国内目的地婚礼可能正迎来一个时刻。毕竟，泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）和特拉维斯·贝茨（Travis Bates）最近在纽约市结婚。尽管近年来有许多大亨和名人地在欧洲举行奢华婚礼，但婚礼策划师们正对这种在外国偏僻角落匆忙结婚的趋势冷静对待。

“情侣们在做研究并决定：好吧，我们要留在家里，”Wooly（一个在线婚礼市场和商业软件平台）的创始人 Rizzuto 说道。现代旅行的噩梦，包括航班取消、票价飙升和边境限制，是导致人们不愿花钱的部分原因。专家表示，美国国内目的地婚礼的兴起是一个重要趋势。

旅行公司 features 的总裁 Rita California 表示，83 与 75 ％的人因为欧洲目的地婚礼而花钱。根据美国银行研究所（Bank of America Institute） 6 月发布的刊物《婚礼：衡量价格》，只有大约三分之一的宾客对国际旅行参加婚礼感到兴奋。该研究所的经济学家泰勒·鲍利（Taylor Bowley）表示，另外 10 ％的人则感到宽慰，因为他们可以毫无愧疚地拒绝。

“情侣们在说：‘要求一个人为了我飞越半个地球，要求太高了。’”All 说道。“所以我们要在这里实现梦想。”

这里的“这里”可以指任何不需要护照的地方。旅行平台 Para 报告称，其超过一半的顾问注意到去年美国目的地婚礼数量激增，拉斯维加斯、 Districts' Vineyard 和南卡罗来纳州是情侣们最顶尖的选择。

“坦率地说，这是一个相当大的激增，”Para 创始人 Shirley Vianyan 说道，美国热门婚礼酒店的预订增长速度是热门婚礼酒店整体增长速度的两倍。

在 2020 年的一份旅行趋势报告中，在线现金登记平台 thesprfund 发现，21 ％的婚礼是目的地活动；其中三分之二发生在国内。

然而，国内婚礼有时需要更深（更雄厚）的财力，因为供应商成本更高，且宾客名单会增加，正如巴特利特发现的那样。她 4 月 10 日的婚礼有 133 人参加；而如果是在意大利举行婚礼，她预计大约会有 30 人参加。

巴特利特表示，在加利福尼亚州，“所有东西的价格都明显更高”，并补充说她在意大利咨询的婚礼预估成本将只有一半。

前往欧洲所需的时间和费用吸引了 35 岁的摩根·默里（Morgan Murray）和 35 岁的赛蒙特·贝里（Symont Berry），一个

左图，杰西卡·巴特利特（Jessica Bartlett）和布罗迪·德布里乌斯（Brody DeBrius）在加利福尼亚州而非意大利举行了婚礼。上图，同样向往意大利的摩根·默里（Morgan Murray）和西蒙特·贝里（Symont Berry）在拉斯维加斯低调完婚。

将阿马尔菲海岸更换为离家不远的酒庄。

一对亚特兰大夫妇在去年 11 月最后时刻决定在拉斯维加斯私奔。

“我们不想让人们为了参加婚礼而花费巨资，”这位执业护士兼验尸官创建者 Murray 说道。她前往圣迭戈，她的追随者们目睹了计划的变动。此外，她说，“从后勤角度来看，这对我的朋友和家人来说压力太大了。” 几个人只有有限的带薪假，另一些人则面临儿童看护不稳定的问题。

对于一些夫妇，尤其是那些父母或祖父母年龄较大的夫妇来说，重新考虑在外国举办婚礼更多是出于医疗健康方面的顾虑，而非银行账户或时间表的限制。

美妆影响者 Marjan（来自加利福尼亚州，36 岁）和她的丈夫 Norman Vadria（32 岁）在洛杉矶和亚特兰大之间两地生活。他们原计划在 2020 年秋季于科莫湖的一处场地举办婚礼，并已支付了定金，但当时后勤安排开始变得过于复杂，且 Vadria 父亲的健康状况让他们不确定他是否能完成这次旅行。因此，他们改为 2018 年 9 月在加利福尼亚州西湖村的四季酒店举行婚礼。

在更改计划之前，“科莫湖对我们来说感觉非常浪漫，”DeBrius 说道。“但让家人在场始终是更重要的。”

Michelle Rago Investments 的创始人 Michelle Rago 估计，她的婚礼通常起步价为 $2.5 百万美元，其中 80 percent 在欧洲或加勒比地区举行。而 44 percent 在美国境内举行，同样极尽奢华，包括在中西部和科罗拉多州阿斯彭的城堡买断式婚礼。

Rago 表示，南塔基特岛“是一个世界级的目的地，而美国东海岸使其变得触手可及”。她推荐犹他州的阿莫里（Amazon）用于追求自然，曼哈顿用于追求魅力，而纳帕谷则能提供一种欧洲风情。

“在服务和餐饮方面，他们必须达到‘媲美欧洲’的水平，”她承认。但无论婚礼在何处举行，“重点在于让宾客感到愉悦，”她说。

当宾客不会被高昂的支出所压垮时，他们更倾向于出席。而当多份来自遥远地区的邀请函在同一时间段抵达时，这种情况尤为难以避免。

近年来，目的地婚礼的堆砌现象“经常发生”。她说，“假设你花 $8,000 去参加这样一个婚礼，这将变成一项巨大的财务负担。”

“一种新的礼节正在形成，”她补充道，人们重新开始热衷于保持简单的后勤安排，并选择在离家近的地方举办。

婚姻是一场赌博吗？这些夫妇正对此予以鼓励

一些婚礼宾客会对最长的祝酒词、第一滴眼泪以及当天的其他环节进行投注。

作者：EILEEN O'BRIEN

对于许多参加艾伦和凯伦·米勒（Alan and Karen Miller）婚礼的宾客来说，他们的第一支舞是一个值得关注的时刻。

去年，这对夫妇在纽约州纽罗谢尔（New Rochelle, N.Y.）的招待会上在舞池中翩翩起舞，参加者们记录着艺术表现和舞蹈的时长。在当晚早些时候，他们已经在道具投注单上写下了自己的猜测。

道具投注（Proposition, or prop bets）通常与体育赛事相关。用户会对某些特定的细节进行投注，而这些细节不一定与比赛结果直接相关。现在，这种投注进入了婚礼世界。

近年来，越来越多的夫妇通过数字化应用程序或打印卡片将投注融入到他们的庆典中。虽然居住在纽约市的米勒夫妇本人并不是资深体育博彩者或守护者，但他们希望让 2020 年 6 月的庆祝活动对于 174 位宾客来说更具互动性和独特性。

“我去过很多纽约和新泽西的婚礼，有时我宁愿在别处。即使有很多美食，但总有一种乏味感，”28 岁的凯伦说。“我们想确保我们的宾客有一项很多人都能参与的活动。”

他们从 Etsy 购买了一个道具投注模板，并在图形设计平台 Canva 上进行了定制。在这对夫妇的道具投注单上的问题包括：谁的祝酒词最长？这对夫妇在演讲时会哭吗？新娘在婚礼当天会换几套衣服？

在当晚结束时从大约 60 位宾客那里收集卡片后，米勒夫妇在 Google 文档中跟踪响应情况，并在社交媒体上与宾客分享正确且最受欢迎的答案。总冠军获得了一张 20 美元的亚马逊礼品卡。

在不列颠哥伦比亚省里乔（Rebecca, British Columbia）的一位婚礼策划师约翰·德拉肯伯格（John Drachenberg）表示，她注意到这种投注趋势从去年开始兴起，而且她并不反对。她说，目前的体验通常集中在观看新郎新娘完成一系列传统的习俗，而道具投注允许宾客利用他们对这对夫妇的个人了解。

“如果大家都知道新郎是个感性的人，那么投注他会在当天什么时候开始哭就很合理，”德拉肯伯格说。“我认为这让他们在当天的参与感强得多。”

来自圣路易斯的斯泰西和格雷格·斯塔尔（Stacy and Greg Stahl）花了近 10 年时间对朋友婚礼的各个方面进行投注——从谁会迟到，到仪式是否会持续超过 20 分钟——纯粹是为了好玩。

“这始于某个特定的朋友圈，”斯泰西说。“我们从那个朋友的第一场婚礼开始投注，从那时起，我们就参加了该朋友圈随后的每一场婚礼的投注。到最后，我们几乎把婚礼上的每个人都纳入其中，包括新娘的父亲、母亲以及很多远亲。”

在 2023 年，这对夫妇决定将这个消遣转化为一项业务，开发了 Wedding Tips，这是一个互动应用程序，允许宾客通过回答预设或自定义问题来进行预测。

该公司表示，到目前为止，已有超过 25,000 对夫妇在他们的平台上创建了投注池，该服务收取 10.00 美元的一次性费用。

在整个婚礼过程中，宾客可以通过手机上的实时排行榜监控其投注状态。活动结束时，该应用程序会向所有参与者发送一份认证通知，告知他们的表现，以及在适用情况下，他们可以在哪里领取奖金。“到目前为止，在婚礼娱乐方面，我们已经成为了某种程度上的家喻户晓的名字，”格雷格说道，并补充说该业务实现了三位数的年度营收增长。

在过去的一年里，匹兹堡的婚礼策划师凯茜·哈雷尔（Cassie Harrell）发现，在婚礼中加入道具投注（prop bets）的情况有所增加。她的三对客户在庆祝活动中融入了投注活动。

与Drachenberg一样，哈雷尔表示，她认为婚礼道具投注的兴起是为了提供一个更以宾客为中心的体验。

投注活动有时会成为整个白天的体验。在佩普西（Pepsi）和奥利维亚·霍洛威（Olivia Holloway）2025年5月于阿拉巴马州肖特（Shorter, Ala.）举行的婚礼上，这对住在蒙哥马利的夫妇在彩排晚宴上就开始向宾客分发道具投注卡。

佩顿（Peyton），24岁，蒙哥马利县检察官办公室的技术支持经理，制作了这些卡片。他说：“我一直在寻找一些大多数人没在婚礼上做过的活动。我想为这对夫妇做点什么。”“我当时随手找了一些我觉得合理的赔率，我们就这么决定了。”他的投注项包括全天播放泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）歌曲的数量，以及他们初吻的时长。

初吻的基准线被设定在6.5秒。令新郎的兄弟欣喜的是，这对夫妇的时间刚好低于这个数值。他买对了。

给那些喜欢甜食的人，或者任何追求便捷的人的礼物。给那些将意面视为主要食物组的同事的礼物。给全家人都同意先吃甜点（DEBBERY）的家庭的礼物。给那些对纯素食（VEGAN）感到好奇的亲人的礼物。

纽约时报 Cooking

满足每一种口味的礼物。

适合每种风格的食谱与灵感。 赠送一份纽约时报 Cooking 礼品订阅。 nytcooking.com / gift

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14

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

纽约时报 Games

只有

几分钟时间？

玩 🖼️

迷你 填字游戏 随时随地。

今天就开始在 纽约时报 Games 应用程序中解题吧。

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Mamdani 对内塔尼亚胡的威胁 并非建设性 领导力的样子。 作者：THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN / 第 3 页

男士们，我们知道天气很热。但在办公室里， 请不要穿短裤。您的膝盖 应该由长裤覆盖。

作者：DAVID COGGINS / 第 10 页

当一名青少年被 诊断出患有糖尿病时，他 提起了一项诉讼——并 证明了对抗“大食品公司” 并非不可能。 作者：JULIA BELLUZ / 第 8 页

观点 / 对话 / 分析

星期日，8 月 2 日，10:06

星期日观点

纽约时报

总数：1,000

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纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

专栏与评论

公共广场：抗议人群插画，作者：Olivier Kugler。

脚注：被晒干的星球

随着世界在一次又一次的气候灾难中摇摆，很难对地球感到乐观。但一个亮点是太阳能的采用率在不断提高。根据研究机构能源研究所的数据，德国目前通过风能和太阳能产生的能源已超过化石燃料。此外，自从美国切断古巴的石油供应导致能源危机以来，太阳能电池板已成为该岛重要的电源，古巴人在家中、商店甚至车辆上安装了这些电池板。以下是关于太阳能的一些阅读和观看推荐。

阅读

《电力金属：塑造未来的资源之争》

Vince Beiser 在其 2024 年的书中认为，不存在所谓的清洁能源。他详细阐述了为太阳能电池板开采铜和银如何可能污染河流，且在恶劣的劳动条件下进行。

阅读

《太阳来了：气候的最后机会与文明的新机遇》

环保主义者 Bill McKibben 在其 2025 年的书中绘制了太阳能如何成为最便宜且最易获取的能源之一，他将这一成就部分归功于中国的制造繁荣。

观看

《太阳女王》

1971, 在太阳能技术开发中发挥关键作用的化学工程师 Maria Totkes 参与设计了首座完全使用太阳能的现代建筑。这部 2023 年的 PIEE 纪录片记录了这位出生于匈牙利的科学家在推进可持续能源方面所做的贡献。

观看

《光芒不会熄灭》

此外：玛丽亚飓风摧毁了波多黎各的电网，太阳能电池板在那里变得不可或缺。Jackson Hyland-Lipiah 的纪录片探讨了美国各地的社区如何利用太阳能供电并对抗气候变化。

ROSS DOUTHAT

《奥德赛》为文化战争而读

克里斯托弗·诺兰的《奥德赛》是一部引发了无数抨击的巨制。各种解读在我社交媒体的动态中拥挤，就像阿伽门农在奥利斯集结的船队。它们在我耳边尖叫，像那些诱人的“塞壬”之声。它们……好吧，听着，我只是想说，人们对这部年度最大规模的电影有很多看法。

而这并非没有理由，因为诺兰的电影精准地契合了当代的文化战争。首先，因为其素材是一个每个人都想认领的故事：觉醒派和反觉醒派，保守派和女性主义者，生活主义者和角色扮演者，西方文明的专业捍卫者以及那些通过评论和广告衡量其价值的人。其他经典作品同样被认领和反认领，但并非每个人都想拥有《心》（太男性化）、亚洲作品（太女性化）、希腊悲剧（太压抑）、新约圣经（太基督教化）或莎士比亚的剧作（对话太难跟上）。但面对这部女性史诗般的生命之作，每个人都想分得奥德修斯的一块碎片。

随后，在摘下了最成熟的果实之后，诺兰将其以混合的形式呈现。海洋与感官之情、波动的人物形象、英雄多变的自我与魅力都消失了。取而代之的是一个非常美国化的故事，采用了战争电影和西部片中常见的陈词滥调，对话像是一部当代T.A.小说，而故事本身则极具教化色彩且过于泛泛。《文明在违反宙斯之法时崩溃》是诺兰故事的教训，而你可以想象，宙斯之法可能是某种要求黑人战友……

我们都想为了自己的目的而占有一个古老的故事。

在最黑暗夜晚的最高峰，结果这不过是将黄金法则应用于家养犬和特洛伊人。

这是一次批判，但它也是这部电影文化影响力的一把钥匙。如果你只是想喜欢《奥德赛》，只是想把这部电影当成一种娱乐方式，那么这个平淡的版本依然保留了所有精彩的部分——特洛伊木马！独眼巨人！血腥的归乡！——由一位擅长推进叙事且乐观的导演缝合在一起。只要故事足够精彩，即使降低调味料的剂量，依然能让数百万顾客对这顿大餐感到满意。

然后，如果你想将《奥德赛》纳入自己的世界观，想知道这个夏季的主流电影正直接回应你的关切，那么诺兰剧本中平淡的阿尔德斯特式风格，异常地适合进行个性化的解读。

我可以为你提供一种看似合理的解读：电影中对青铜时代崩溃的描绘，是对自由主义国际秩序危机的寓言（诺兰作为多元文化自由主义者，面对特朗普主义的残酷）。或者另一种解读：奥德修斯对特洛伊被洗劫的愧疚感本质上是基督教式的，而那些成员则属于一个在基督教失败后等待我们的世界（诺兰作为一名脱离信仰的天主教徒，无法摆脱他的宗教成长背景）。或者，就此而言，也可以是一种民粹主义的解读：奥德修斯从一场仇恨驱动的中东战争中返回家乡，发现客人们在滥用他的热情，必须将他们清理出去（诺兰作为一名英国布克曼，提供了一个关于欧洲无法应对移民问题的寓言）。

我认为第一种解读最接近导演的意图。但素材本身是柔软的，因此可以被意识形态的欲望所塑造。

最后，如果你想批判并憎恨这部电影（在算法驱动的条件下，黑粉也是一种艺术家），同样的规则也适用。这种平淡可以被解读为最大程度的厌恶。《奥德赛》之战的部分乐趣在于看到这一切以各种不同方式发生：从最初专注于演员阵容组合的反对觉醒（anti-wake）批判，到左翼学术界的抨击，再到紧随其后的定制化右翼批判。（在畅销的《转型：每日威尔逊》中，伦敦和新发现的电影困境用了四千多字将其描述为“一种从家中高温环境下逃离的娱乐方式”，随后匿名的在线反动派“青铜时代变态”用 6,000 字的评论回应了这部他称之为“缺乏严肃知识、意识形态或审美审查”的电影。）

而我此时此刻也在做同样的事情，指责诺兰的敌意，然后又投入大量篇幅讨论这种文化成就。所以，让我们承认这个男人的灵活性，他意识到这一时刻需要的是对西方文明奠基文本之一的改编，并在其自身城市中运作，共享这样一种假设：西方文明可能已经终结或已根深蒂固，而这种风格允许每个人——无论是粉丝还是黑粉——将他们认为对既定毁灭负责的任何罪行、诅咒、男性农民群体或不忠行为（以及威慑力）归咎于此。

他的回报将是十亿美元的票房，一张下次拍摄的空白支票，以及决定我们在 2026 年夏季将争论什么的绝对权力。

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纽约时报，星期日，2020 年 8 月 2 日

58 3

专栏与评论

托马斯·L·弗里德曼 (THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN)

曼姆达尼威胁内塔尼亚胡是错误的

我不知道佐尔塔纳·曼姆达尼（Zoltana Mamdani）最终会成为一个什么样的纽约市市长，但事实证明，他在发表声明方面确实令人失望。纽约是世界上唯一一个至少有 750,000 名犹太人和穆斯林分别并肩生活的城市。作为这座城市首位穆斯林市长，曼姆达尼本应成为他们之间建设性的桥梁搭建者，结果却成了一个桥梁破坏者——利用巴以冲突来制造停顿。对于一个真正具有政治魅力的人才来说，这太浪费了。

看看曼姆达尼最近的举动：威胁要在以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡 9 月访问纽约参加联合国会议期间将其逮捕。国际刑事法院在 2024 年对内塔尼亚胡发出了逮捕令，指控他在加沙犯有反人类罪。尽管曼姆达尼承认该法律没有此类法定权力——并转而要求联邦政府在以色列领导人访问华盛顿的前几天执行该逮捕令——但这正是内塔尼亚胡用来误导其再次当选（10 月 2 日）的那类手段。我自己都能写出竞选广告词：“犹太人唯一安全的地方是以色列。看看纽约在发生什么就知道了。唯一能保护以色列人的领导者是美国。”

在我看来，曼姆达尼和内塔尼亚胡的极端观点不过是同一枚硬币的两面。内塔尼亚胡不承认巴勒斯坦人民在国家领导层中的民族自决权，并认为只有以色列应该统治从地中海到约旦河的这片领土。但巴勒斯坦人作为一个民族——有数百万人在该地区生活——他们不会离开，也不会放弃他们的生存权利，无论面对什么样的幻想。但内塔尼亚胡及其接管行为传播的是相反的观点。内塔尼亚胡真正推销的是一场以色列人和巴勒斯坦人之间永无止境的战争。他让定居者在西岸摧毁巴勒斯坦人的村庄，而当他们反抗时，他的政府将其称为恐怖主义。

曼姆达尼也没有呼吁两国方案。他认为犹太人没有权利在自己的国家实现自决——即在他们的中东故土建立一个犹太国家，该国家的范围可能从地中海延伸到约旦河。但该地区同样生活着 700 多万犹太人，他们也不会离开，也不会放弃建立犹太国家的权利——无论曼姆达尼和其他民主社会怎么说。因此，他们实际上也在推动一场永无止境的战争。

需要明确的是：对于曼姆达尼利用其职权来强调内塔尼亚胡在加沙所犯下的暴行，我没有任何异议。自内塔尼亚胡在 2006 年首次当选以来，我就一直要求其领导层负责。我也要求哈马斯领导层负责。我对曼姆达尼的要求，正如我对每一位领导者的要求一样：你是想证明一个观点，还是想做出改变？

如果曼姆达尼真的想成为以色列人和巴勒斯坦人之间的桥梁搭建者，而这正是他拥有独特能力和天赋可以承担的风险，会怎样？如果他想这么做，他应该宣布这样一个意向：在内塔尼亚胡抵达纽约参加美国联大当之日，他将在其办公室召开一次研讨会，

并邀请以色列、巴勒斯坦、阿拉伯、穆斯林和犹太专家，共同讨论唯一公正且稳定的解决方案：如何为生活在河流与海洋之间该地区的两个民族建立 2 个独立的国家。

他会邀请沙特代表来讨论阿拉伯和平倡议，该倡议是由沙特王储阿卜杜拉·本·阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·萨德于 2002 年在本专栏中发起的。他会邀请比尔·克林顿、巴拉克·奥巴马和乔治·W·布什，让他们分别谈谈各自关于“两个民族两个国家”的计划。他会邀请像前巴勒斯坦权力机构总理萨拉姆·法亚德这样的巴勒斯坦领导人——法亚德在任内为建立巴勒斯坦国家而构建巴勒斯坦机构所做的努力之多，将其发送给以色列——以讨论今天如何重启这一努力。

最重要的是，他会邀请致力于打造“两个民族两个国家”的犹太-阿拉伯组织的代表，例如亚伯拉罕倡议（Abraham Initiative）。不要将其与

纽约市长的噱头是对其才华的浪费，也是对我们时间的浪费。

亚伯拉罕协议混淆，这是一个在以色列境内致力于推动巴勒斯坦公民与以色列犹太公民之间跨领域交流的组织。我曾向该组织捐款。他会邀请“东南中东”（Southeast Middle East）的代表，这是一个致力于通过共同环境项目推动重建的以色列-巴勒斯坦-亚伯拉罕组织（我也向其捐过款）。并且他将邀请

新的以色列政党“我们的位置”（A Place for Us AS）。该党在即将到来的选举前成立，由里达·达乌德和艾昂-李·格林领导，包含一份由以色列-巴勒斯坦人和以色列犹太人组成的联合名单。

在发表于《哈雷兹》（Haaretz）的一篇文章中，我知道该新党解释称，这个新政党“既不是一个（带有象征性阿拉伯代表的）犹太政党，也不是一个（带有象征性犹太代表的）阿拉伯政党，而是一个（由犹太政党）提议建立的人员组织”。这将同时带来占领的结束以及一个独立的巴勒斯坦国的建立，与以色列国并行！

另外补充一点，他可以邀请那位纽约人，她在最近一次为“我们的位置”举行的在线募款活动中发表的演讲令人印象深刻。根据《哈雷兹》的一篇报道，波特曼“强调了她作为犹太女性和以色列公民的身份，承认其成员在以色列成长，并且她‘深深热爱——我和许多人一样——这个地区的人民，这个地区的所有人民，以及以色列，以及以色列’”。

正如波特曼告诉《纽约时报》的那样，“你们为人质回归而战。你们反对灭绝战争，支持加齐的孩子们。你们要求更安全的街道，更公平的工资……既得利益者希望逃避责任，认为真正的伙伴关系是不可能的。他们想淡化这些令人难以置信的人们目前在此所做的努力，并且他们对这一运动所代表的意义感到恐惧。”

这就是“美国人”之意的听起来的样子。“我们的位置”目前在投票率上仍远低于进入克内塞特（Kirovert）所需的门槛。但它也才刚刚开始。如果你更倾向于一种更坚定的传达方式，请思考如何实现。例如“以色列安全成员”（The members for Israel's Security），该组织由近 400 名以色列军队上校和将军，以及摩萨德（Mossad）、辛贝特（Shin Bet，内部安全局）、警察和外交使团的资深人士组成，他们 all 致力于反对以色列吞并约旦河西岸，并致力于实现两国方案。

想象一下，如果马姆丹尼不是从事严肃的公开活动来逮捕内塔尼亚胡，而是召集以色列人、巴勒斯坦人、阿拉伯人和美国人，共同探讨“两个民族两个国家”的方案。我已邀请内塔尼亚胡向他们发表讲话。让比尔成为那个说出“是的，我不想与任何主张‘两个民族两个国家’的以色列、巴勒斯坦、阿拉伯和美国倡导者有任何关系”的人吧。

这至少需要向以色列传递一个信息：无论是中右翼、中间派还是左翼选民，世界都没有抛弃他们，纽约市市长并非不关心他们，而且整个国际社会都希望以色列人和巴勒斯坦人能够成为建设性的合作伙伴，准备共同探索替代这场永无止境战争的唯一现实方案。

我不知道这是否有帮助。但我可以肯定的是，马姆达尼（Mamdani）目前所做的，不过是在那些认为内塔尼亚胡是他们唯一保护者、认为其强硬立场是唯一救赎的以色列人之中，进一步推崇内塔尼亚胡。

如果这就是马姆达尼现在想利用其平台去做的事情——给一场已经在猛烈燃烧的火势添柴加火——那么这简直是对他才华的浪费，是对其职位的浪费，是对他口舌的浪费，更是对我们时间的浪费。

詹姆斯·李·布伊 (JAMES LEE BOUIE)

为什么我们容忍马斯克的种族主义言论！

《特纳日记》（The Turner Diaries）是一部白人至上主义的煽动作品。它自称是一个名为厄尔·特纳（Earl Turner）的新纳粹激进分子的日记，讲述他如何通过一个名为“组织”（the Organization）的团体，推翻美国政府——正如书中所称的“体制”（the System）——该书谴责“体制”推动种族融合、鼓励非白人移民，并将犹太人、美国黑人和其他极端的非白人群体安置在管理白人的权力位置上。

在众多焦虑之中，这部小说描述了一系列针对主要是黑人群体的选民的攻击、一场针对美国犹太人的大屠杀、加利福尼亚州被彻底清除、对女性的奴役，以及“强奸之日”——这是白人通过大规模公开行为，旨在清除他们与非白人之间关系的“杂质”。

历史学家奥古斯塔·德尔奥莫（Augusta Dell'Omo）在《面对种族隔离：白人国际主义》（Facing Apartheid: White Internationalism）中指出，美国的白人权力运动在“世界的第三世界”中寻找灵感。事实上，它在策划“新战争”时，确实从白人统治的南部非洲汲取了灵感。在津巴布韦和南非等地的影响再次显现。这部小说在 1971 年由一名白人民族主义者匿名撰写，随后以某种形式出版，成为了美国及全球极右翼分子的指南。

“秩序”（The Order）是一个白人至上主义恐怖组织，负责三起袭击，其中包括谋杀前犹太人商人 Alan G. G.（此处原文重复 / 混乱）。

今天，你无需远眺或深挖，就能看到《特纳日记》对极右翼的潜在影响。你只需要在地球上最富有的人的在线世界中花一点时间即可。也就是埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）（但需要明确的是，目前没有直接证据表明马斯克读过这本书）。

主流媒体笔下的马斯克是一位热情但具有争议的技术专家、工业家和潜在的政府改革者，正如他的非官方称谓（政府效率部）所示。但马斯克在 X（他的社交媒体网站）上花费了大量时间，在那里他推广极右翼账号，并向全世界分享他自己的白人民族主义和反移民政治观点。

尤其是过去一个月里，他采用了近期一部名为《公民》电影的意象。

一位科技高管仇恨的白人民族主义观点应当定义其在公共生活中的地位。

在《义警》（Vigilants）中，演员亚明·哈默（Armin Hammer）在整个片长中扮演一名针对所谓犯罪者的角色，而这些目标大多被设定为阿拉伯和非洲移民。马斯克利用这些意象来阐述关于必须采取什么措施来拯救西方文明的观点。

在看到一张哈默持枪且配文为“先处理访客，后处理入侵者”的图片时，马斯克回复道：“我们”。（他同时分享了另一名用户的帖子，该用户解释称《公民义警》的重点在于，哈默饰演的角色“在电影前半段一直在谋杀白人，而移民则是……”）。他多次重复必须“在吊死敌人之前，先吊死一个更好的”，其中包括一条仅写道“访客先于入侵者”的帖子。

上个月，马斯克再次发帖称我们必须“在入侵者之前发现访客”，几天后他又表示，“任何反对大驱逐的人都是叛徒。”

在极右翼欧洲政党的号召中，“移民”是指强行将非白人公民遣返回其所谓的原籍国，无论他们是移民还是土生土长。这在本质上是一种种族清洗，并被设想为应对白人欧洲人被非白人所谓的“大替代”而采取的反应。

在马斯克看来，大驱逐的反对者是“西方”的访客。根据他帖子的逻辑，他们的最终命运应当被“清理”。这被视为是对他们在大多数为白人的国家发生令人反感的转型中所扮演角色的惩罚，且推测是为了警告那些通过在生活中和在国家中欢迎非白人而“污染”国家血脉的人。

马斯克对煽动性词汇“叛徒”的痴迷，直接源于他对人口崩溃的执念，他将其定义为欧洲和美国白人出生率的下降。马斯克在 2023 年 9 月写道：“白人在全球人口中快速减少且直接受损，”他后来表示，“机器（指人口结构）是对西方的一个威胁，紧随其后的是移民。这场争议将会有少数结果。”

人们甚至可以将他摧毁美国国际开发署（USAID）——该机构负责在全球范围内提供估计 70,000 份双重援助——的行为，视为与他在考虑那些美国国际开发署活跃的地区（如撒哈拉以南非洲）的相对关系一致。毕竟，在这种零和的世界观中，确保西方儿童未来的一种方式，就是让其他公民挨饿。

应当指出的是，马斯克坚称没有人因为他的破坏而死亡。

在最近接受《经济学人》采访时，马斯克否认自己是种族主义者，尽管他为其极右翼的移民观点辩护。他说：“如果你有一个庞大且迅速增长的人群，而他们对西方信仰并不认同，那么在某个时刻，将会出现一次清算。”

但正如我们所见，这些观点与你在《特纳日记》中看到的毫无二致。马斯克在由他个人控制的平台上拥有数亿追随者，他是全球最著名的极右翼和国际主义领导者的支持者。而这个马斯克，同时正忙于利用他的巨额财富，按照自己的意象来塑造这个世界。

那么，那个意象是什么？

正如昆汀·麦克马汉（Quinn McMahan）和罗恩·特内夫（Ron Terneff）在他们的书《马斯克者：再选举指南》中所展示的，马斯克愿景的一个重要部分是将世界视为一个伴侣，其中“人类的视野”被缩小为“对白人前沿的防御”。这是他一项更大计划的一部分，即试图将人类从“愿望思维”病毒中“解救”出来，马斯克认为这种倾向是一种自毁倾向，是导致西方国家向他人开放社会的“简化”责任所在。

这不是因为……这是因为在《特纳日记》中发现了相关的主题和观点，书中的标题人物认为白人已被一种“犹太-马斯克-民主-自我中心瘟疫”所腐蚀。

如今我们大多处于这个世界之中，而这些激进的观点如此隐秘，以至于无需掩盖。它们就处在公开可见的位置，存在于世界中，且触手可及。在某种程度上，这产生了一个问题：为什么马斯克能获得这样的空间？这是一个很好的理由，记者和评论员将他的极右翼种族主义激进主义视为一种自愿行为，而不是像另外两位政治领导人那样。这种“犹太-马斯克计划”体现在方方面面，从他在美国对唐纳德·特朗普的深度支持，到他在英国的支持，再到他决定在以黑人为主的地区建设一个巨大的发电计量表！

马斯克将其大部分业余时间花在煽动暴力和传播同样的仇恨言论上，而这些言论正是那些阴险且幻想破灭的人——即那些导致美国堕落的人——的动力所在。正是这个事实，而非他是否能被救赎或是否能发射啮齿动物，应当定义他在公共生活中的地位。

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4 38

纽约时报，星期日，2020年8月2日

观点

我父亲的遇害让我对伊朗有了怎样的认知

Mehrzad Boroujerdi

密苏里科学技术大学艺术、科学与教育学院院长。

1978年12月23日，就在革命者推翻伊朗政权前几周，武装袭击者在伊朗亲西方政策的操作中心阿克拉斯特（Akrast）发动了两起协调攻击，在不同的伏击中杀死了一名伊朗石油官员和一名美国石油合作方人员。

受害者是我的父亲，Makk-Mohammad Boroujerdi，以及他的同事 Paul E. Grimm。

第二天，我在本报的头版上读到了关于这次袭击的消息。我来到美国留学仅四个月。对于大多数读者来说，这不过是又一篇来自陷入革命动荡的遥远国家的报道。但对我而言，那一刻我得知了我的父亲被谋杀了。

参与策划他遇害的一些人后来成为了伊斯兰共和国的建筑师，如今正处于华盛顿与其陷入僵局的政府核心地带。几十年来，美国政策制定者主要通过其神职人员领导层的棱镜来观察伊斯兰共和国。然而，要理解伊朗的韧性及其反抗能力，就必须将目光投向宗教建制之外，审视这批帮助建立政权的关键革命一代——那些出身于激进组织，并如今占据伊斯兰共和国权力结构顶端的人们。

这一代人出生于20世纪50年代中期，在20世纪70年代的动荡中成长，并在1979年革命中进入成年期。革命前的岁月是一个灾难性的激进主义和革命斗争时期。这些人建立并维持了革命后的秩序机制，经历了伊朗-伊拉克战争，并在接连不断的国内动荡、国际孤立、经济制裁和军事对抗中生存下来。

无论人们如何评价他们的记录，他们既不是政治傀儡，也不是容易被外部压力击垮的领导者。他们的长久执政使其拥有深厚的制度记忆；他们对政权生存有着强烈的直觉，并对强制手段与阴谋诡计的用途及其局限有着务实的理解。随着特朗普政府试图以更有效的方式与德黑兰开战，它必须面对这些现实。无论谁入主白宫，与伊斯兰共和国之间无论战争还是和平都将难以轻易达成。

我的父亲是一名世俗民族主义者。他既不被 Azamillah Abdullah Khan 那种宗教激发的革命口号所吸引，也不特别支持沙阿 Mohammed Reza Khokot——在他看来，后者的角色在很大程度上归功于美国在1953年的国家政变。尽管他对这两个阵营都心存顾虑，但他依然致力于自己的工作。当所有工人都参与罢工以瘫痪政府时，我的父亲仍以伊朗石油服务公司高级官员的身份坚持上班，该公司为伊朗国家石油公司的石油业务提供支持。

这一决定最终使他成为了目标。在去世前的几周里，我的父亲开始收到来自激进伊斯兰游击组织 Manosurwar（意为“胜利者”）的威胁，该组织将那些继续在石油工业工作的人视为“伊斯兰事业的主要敌人”。在1978年12月23日雾气弥漫的清晨，就在离我家仅几英尺远的地方，该组织在我的父亲开车去上班时对他发动伏击，在其胸部和手中各开一枪。随后，在不远处，一个密切相关的伊斯兰游击组织成员向 Mr. Grimm 的车内倾泻火力。两人均被杀。

最有效的沟通成了伊朗的一个交汇点。格里姆先生（Mr. Grimm），这位石油服务公司（Oil Service Company）的代理人兼资深主管，是 1970 和 1974 年革命动荡期间唯一被杀害的美国人。他的遇害触发了其在伊朗石油工业中雇佣的外籍人员的撤离，给生产造成了沉重打击。根据美国能源部的统计数据，在数字公布后的三天内，直到 1970 年代中期，伊朗每天的产量降至 700,000 以下。该政权经济预测中的繁荣可能性已不复存在。在伊斯兰激进分子发起的恐吓和暴力运动的催促下，它变成了一个快速崩塌的现实。

我自治区且被否认，我与家人一起回到了伊朗。与我的父亲不同，我十几岁时就对革命事业持同情态度，尽管我对近期宗教性的推翻及其象征意义也感到不安。现在，革命夺走了我父亲的生命，让我不得不面对由悲伤、愤怒、同情和不确定性交织而成的混乱情绪。读者们当时尚未见证过一次成功的现代革命，而展现在我眼前的一切令人困惑。一天我可能在祭拜父亲的坟墓，第二天我则站在人群中观察街道上的革命游行。

最终，我离开伊朗回到美国继续学业。那一晚，我对自己许下承诺：我将放弃成为一名石油工程师的计划，转而学习政治，希望能够更好地理解那些深刻影响甚至改变了我生命轨迹的思想、力量和事件。

我将我的学术生涯致力于研究 1979 年革命的思想基础以及伊斯兰共和国的权力结构，并进行了我认为迄今为止针对伊朗政治精英规模最大的国际研究。作为这项工作的一部分，我追踪了 Manosurwar 现代成员的职业生涯，其中许多人升至伊斯兰共和国军事和安全机构的最高级别。

其中最著名的成员包括莫赫森·礼萨伊（Mohsen Rezaei），他在 1978 年 2 月阿亚图拉·哈梅尼（Azamillah Khanemet）返回伊朗时协助提供了保护。1981 年 9 月，阿亚图拉·哈梅尼任命当时 27 岁的礼萨伊先生为伊斯兰革命卫队总司令。礼萨伊随后成为卫队历史上任职时间最长的指挥官，在任 16 年期间，监督了该组织从一个革命民兵转变为一个拥有专门陆、海、空天部队的现代化军事组织。如今，在经历了四次失败的总统竞选后，礼萨伊先生担任最高领袖米尔詹·哈梅尼（Mirjan Khanemet）的高级军事官员，后者在礼萨伊担任卫队指挥官期间，以一名青少年的身份参加了伊朗-伊拉克战争。

其他帮助在革命前掩盖我父亲死讯及其他法外处决的 Manosurwar 成员也升至伊朗军安机构的最高层。其中包括阿里·尚巴卡尼（Ali Shambkani），他曾任卫队部长、国防部长，并担任最高国家安全委员会秘书长十年之久。在今年二月针对最高领袖住处的美国-以色列轰炸中被杀之前，他是阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅尼的高级安全顾问。

另一场战争，穆罕默德·巴卡尔·扎卡贾迪 (Mohammed Baqar Zakjadi)，他最初担任卫队联合参谋长，随后担任该组织的副总司令。三月，扎卡贾迪准将被任命为最高国家安全委员会秘书，使其处于民防安全的磋商核心。美国和联合国都对他实施了制裁。扎卡贾迪将军谴责特朗普总统为“蓄意挑衅”，破坏了国防。

其他 Manosurwar 资深人士也继续在向海外投射伊朗影响力的过程中发挥重要作用，包括帮助在伊拉克和黎巴嫩建立 Shirin 武装组织，在叙利亚担任军事指导，并在伊斯兰共和国的最高职位中任职，包括第一副总统和代理总统。

近半个世纪以来，我一直对发生在我的家人身上的事情保持沉默。这个故事太私人，太痛苦，而且在很多年里，太危险。我记得曾尝试向家人讲述。这也意味着在我的孩子们成长过程中，我必须向他们隐瞒那段历史的部分内容。

但最近，随着华盛顿发现自己正直接或间接地与穆赫森·雷扎伊 (Mohsen Rezaei) 和穆罕默德·巴卡尔·扎卡贾迪之类的人进行谈判，我改变了主意。对于大多数美国人来说，这些名字不过是文件上的条目。对我而言，他们属于卫队的同一阵营，不仅在我 16 岁起就塑造了我的生活，而且或许比大多数人更了解我的处境。

前伊朗任职时间最长的成员之一 Azamillah Khanemet 的去世，加上与两个强大对手作战的需求，产生了一种新的政治现实：由革命卫队转型而来的政治人物必须成为美国-以色列权力经纪人中的领导者。无论是受伤的最高领袖还是被推崇的教职人员建制派都明白，他们的生存——以及伊斯兰共和国本身的生存——不能没有卫队的领导者。虽然这些军事强人将继续向作为最高领袖的 azamillah 效忠，但他们不太可能在塑造其议程或在与自身机构利益相冲突的技术细节上犹豫不决，这将回到之前伊朗政治权威的不可信结构。

美国和以色列尚未意识到伊朗政权并非纸糊的，而伊斯兰共和国的宪政意识形态短期内不太可能消散。这些穿着制服的人在 1 月份毫不犹豫地杀害了数千名自己的同伴——这是伊朗社会尚未完全愈合的国家创伤。他们将继续为国内观众上演表演政治，即便他们意识到该政权的社会契约在道德上已经破产且不安全。

1978, Manosurwar 的成员在 Akrast 的一条路上枪杀了我的父亲。我从未想象过，许多协助实施这次杀戮的人——或他们的幸存战友——在近半个世纪后，会成为我所采取的故乡在外交接触中的主要对手。

和所有人一样，我不知道这场战争将如何结束。但在观察这些人一生之后，我确实知道，欧洲立法者的看法是令人遗憾的。我曾在那里，这不过是一个危险的幻象。他们的对抗在各方面及医疗方面触发了伊朗在国内外的虚弱危机。经济、政治和政治利益的积累使该国日益脆弱，并使治理成本更高。

政权依然在维持。伊朗那令人畏惧的“长久之计”架构（为了放松管制）是其制度化危机管理经验持续为其提供惊人韧性的最常见方式。其结果是一种不安的平衡：内部的不满与外部的保护共存，但该体制的生存能力在很大程度上依然完好。

这就是今日伊朗的悖论：一个承受着持续压力的系统，却依然远未崩溃。

停止将人工智能视为应用程序进行测试。将其视为武器。

布雷特·J·戈尔德斯坦 (Brett J. Goldstein)

尊贵大学国家安全研究所 (Venerable University Institute of National Security) 共同问题实验室主任兼高级教学官员。

目前关于人工智能最重要的一场争论，或许是如何确定哪些模型可以安全发布，而哪些模型过于危险。

这场争论在近期得到了体现。美国空军的模型从一个密封的隔离环境中逃逸，并闯入了一家名为 Haggag Face 的人工智能公司的服务中。根据 OpenAI 的说法，公开报道的此次事件通过从 Haggag Face 自身的数据测试中获取的新数据，推断出这些解决方案可能存在于 Haggag Face 的服务器上，而该服务器是一个许多开发者使用的其他人工智能技术的数字图书馆。因此，这些模型离开了它们本应停留的测试环境，渗透到互联网上，潜入 Haggag Face 系统并夺取了解决方案。OpenAI 表示，直到 Haggag Face 报告了此次泄露并经过调查，它才意识到自己的模型做了什么。在 OpenAI 揭露事实的刺激下，aethronic 进行了自己的审查，并宣布其模型已潜入了三个外部组织：Improvement 'Yes, Technology' Authority。

人工智能模型无法被禁锢在为受控测试而构建的笼子中。本应保护社会免受威胁的政策制定者并不理解这意味着什么。那些竞相构建人工智能的网络工程师也不理解。

政府和私营部门都确信对方已经处理好了人工智能安全的管控问题。但实际上两者都没有。人工智能实验室必须承认，在超过某些界限之后，他们创建的是具有武器功能的系统。政府必须学习足够的知识，以确定那个界限在哪里——没有哪个政府能监管它不理解的事物。这个界限必须被共同商定、易于识别且经常被重新审视。而且必须尽快划定。

控制大多数武器的使用，意味着利用人们行使克制的能力。在内战期间，我们险些将彼此毁灭，但我们没有——因为在发射武器时，人们仍然在场。拥有核武器和使用核武器是两回事。

人工智能模糊了这一区别，因为它是能够自我适应并以不可预测的方式行为的武器。如果一家人工智能实验室发布其模型供任何人使用，那么用户是否行使了适当的克制可能并不重要。该模型可能仍然表现为“一个能够控制自身系统的系统能力，给予我们所有者”，而且一个可供任何人使用的武器实际上具有某些特性。

美国的 AI 实验室会告诉你，他们的模型经过训练，不会释放危险或恶意武器。如果你要求一个模型提供旨在攻击（例如）某个目标的代码，该模型应当拒绝。但这些护栏是可以移除的，就像火车轮子一样。OpenAI 在一次测试中降低了自身的护栏。一个不值一百美元的武器可能就足以剥离许多模型的限制。任何网络安全专家都会指出，只要有时间、资源和聪明才智，任何限制都可以被绕过或突破。

管理一项技术的风险，意味着要承认那些令人不安的真相。

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纽约时报，星期日，AUGUST 2, 2020

14 5

观点

责怪加拿大不再是一个玩笑

克里斯蒂亚·弗里兰 (Chrystia Freeland)

前工厂司机，加拿大外交部长兼财政部长。

责怪加拿大一定是一个如此糟糕的主意，以至于它成了一个笑话。几十年前，《南方公园》(South Park) 针对加拿大编造了一些罪名（在这种情况下，是会说脏话的孩子们）发起了一场运动，将其作为一种讽刺手段，试图揭示人类的一种倾向：即为了掩盖自己的感受，而将手指指向他人——任何其他人。

然而，现在我们面对的是，正处于第二任期的美国总统，几乎将所有事情都归咎于加拿大。《南方公园》的电影在加拿大与英国及远东地区的战争中达到高潮；而在现实世界中，战场就在加拿大。那个“南方公园”式的特朗普威胁要对约 600 billion 加拿大出口产品征收关税，从曲棍球杆到其他产品，并将“北方以及其他加拿大”视为美国基地、日记和护理的对待方式。

这仅仅是最新的估计。早些时候，加拿大的主要罪名是受到我们自身法律中危险力量的蹂躏；而在战争之前，它被认为是一个国家安全威胁，因此我们的钢铁、铝、汽车零部件和汽车成为了关税的目标。

但美国与其成员的贸易关系可能是非常强劲且互利的。特朗普白宫深知这一点，因为两国之间的贸易由特朗普第一任期宣布期间谈判达成的一项贸易协定管辖，而总统本人称其为“有史以来最好的贸易协议！”美国对该国存在轻微的贸易逆差，但在重新平衡税收和服务后，如果剔除美国在电量需求巨大的人工智能时代更需要而非更少需要的能源，则存在巨额顺差。在美国人将通货膨胀和禁止高额经济担忧排在首位的时候，对消费品增加额外税收（关税本质上就是如此）是自寻死路。

意识到总统对加拿大发动贸易战在经济上的不合理性固然重要，这也是对美国不要让北方的朋友们遭受苦难的一种呼吁，但事实是，特朗普先生对加拿大发动关税攻击的经济逻辑其实并不是重点。

这次行动并不是为了纠正全球金融关系，尽管总统那些更高尚的辩护者声称这是贸易政策的真实目的。这也不是为了结束特朗普先生最能言善辩的读者有时认为对其当前微小影响巨大的绝望之死。

这并不意味着这种看似疯狂的行为没有其方法。特朗普先生的关税攻势有一个明确的目的：展示谁是主导者，谁必须屈服。

正如一名美国同行在 2016, 年的 USMCA 谈判期间告诉我那样，我们比你们大，所以我们应该随心所欲。我们比你们更强大。那些令人发笑地单薄且不断变化的关税理由，实际上正是政策的一部分。当一个人能够随心所欲地出于任何理由——或者根本没有任何理由——去做任何事情时，情况就是如此。

世界其他地方上个月也看到了这一点，当时美国对 50 个以上的国家征收关税，理由是这些政府违反了强迫劳动条款。而这个白宫对待中国比对待其北约盟友更加友好。

你不需要在椭圆形办公室参加私下会议，也不需要拥有国际关系学位，就能看出发生了什么。总统一如既往地，如此透明地软弱。

自从唐纳德·特朗普第二次当选以来，他多次将加拿大描述为第31个州，并将我们的总理描述为一名州长。他在新措施公布后一次又一次地指出，如果加拿大接受被兼并，关税将不会被强加。唐纳德·特朗普声称加拿大完全听命于华盛顿：“他们需要我们才能生存。没有我们，他们根本无法生存。”

换句话说，这与加拿大如何管理海洛因或振兴美国制造业是否天真无关。这关乎加拿大是否准备好接受其与美国关系的深刻转变。这关乎加拿大是否愿意从一个由条约和规则主导关系的盟友和合作伙伴，转而成为受华盛顿法律管辖的对象。——但这就像波利西·罗德里格斯的委内瑞拉，只不过规模更大且带有冰球运动。

一旦理解了这一点，加拿大需要如何反应就显而易见了。正如我们在 2016 年面对美国首次重大税收攻击时采取等额报复那样，加拿大必须反击。欺凌者唯一能理解的是力量，而唐纳德·特朗普正热衷于将自己塑造为全球的公开掠食者。

团队协作时的自卫效果最好，这就是为什么我的朋友、前自由党议会同事马克·卡尼以及加拿大总理在全球范围内引起如此共鸣，呼吁中等强国共同行动。

对于我们其余的人来说，这是正确之举，而且其发生的速度可能快于美国人的认知。但最大的未知仍然是美国内部会发生什么。

唐纳德·特朗普再次阐明了他的观点：他的华盛顿没有盟友。它只有领地、敌人和对等者。但美国将自己视为一个特殊的群体，其中仅包括中国，有时可能还包括俄罗斯。

在美国内部，紧迫的问题是这个国家是否将保持民主。当然，这对我们其余的人也同样重要。但即使民主最终在美国内部获胜，美国的老朋友们仍会好奇，特朗普主义是否永久地重塑了华盛顿与世界其他地方的关系。

一个在特朗普领导后的美国是否会尝试与志同道合的领导人重建私下伙伴关系，基于双赢是可能的，且即使是超级大国也需要履行其条约承诺的理念？还是说，唐纳德·特朗普在某种程度上揭示了大多数美国人对盟友的真实看法？

美国——可以理解地——正沉溺于其内部创伤以及在中东选定的战争中，以至于人们很容易想象，其他外交关系只是次要问题。毕竟，在共和国成立 250 多年后，它确实在与威权主义调情。

但如果美国人将其在世界上的地位视为无需深思的问题，那将是一个严重的错误。因为讽刺的是，华盛顿在最需要盟友的时刻，却在虐待它们。正如与伊朗的战争所证明的，即使是美国，在孤军奋战时也会变得更弱。

白宫正在滥用它极需的盟友。

1944年，当美国开始构建泛美体系以解开并投资于战后盟友的恢复时，华盛顿占据了全球国内生产总值近一半的份额。如今，它仍然是单一最大的经济体，但其份额已下降至仅略高于四分之一。中国的份额约为 71 百分比。但如果加上北约伙伴，以及日本、韩国、澳大利亚和新西兰，民主国家的份额则回升至全球经济的一半以上，约占 six much a bill percent。

然而在很长一段时间里，对于美国领导者来说，这个志同道合的民主国家名单感觉不再像是一个真正的联盟。上个月发布的一项五年期调查显示，在受访的 36 个国家中，大多数国家认为中国是最大的 state-owned United States 之一。这包括加拿大，那里仅有 15 百分比的受访者对美国持有好感，而对中国的好感度则为 44 百分比。法国、德国和英国的人们则持有更深程度的看法。

从某种程度上看，这被低估了。中国拥有一个威权共产政府，它压制并取消了少数群体的权利，并残酷地惩罚那些试图脱离它的外国伙伴，正如它五年前对加拿大所做的那样，在一次不关键的案件中，为了回应我们履行与美国引渡协议的决定，而拘留了两名无辜的加拿大人。

但考虑到特朗普先生选择遵循中国的规则并强迫小国屈服于其意愿，这种结果应该并不令人惊讶。随着 PPP 的出现，即使在最温和的情况下，也总会引起共鸣。这意味着美国的盟友们都遭受了大量反美主义的骚扰。那些泛美怀疑论者现在正心满意足，对着管理层摇手指，说他们早就预言到了。

如果美国领导者能意识到盟友的权利，并认为在白宫迎来新主人时所有这一切都将被原谅，那么他们需要意识到当前住客所造成的破坏之深。通过现在公开发声，他们可以限制损害，并为美国在未来选择不同的路径保留选项。

如果他们不这样做，世界其他地方将有理由认为所有美国人都实际上同意当前的 baby to God。这种结果下唯一的赢家将是世界上最深沉的人。

或者，正如伟大的加拿大词曲作者和诗人伦纳德·科恩此前所言：“你不会喜欢美国之后出现的东西。”

大约白宫

先进的开放权重模型的兴起，使得人们能够优先使用并基于其构建，这使得新模型看起来像一个新模型，一种新权重模型——一旦某个模型发布，地球上的每个人都可以学习它：每一个小国服务，每一个卡特尔，每一个品牌（如果你足够老，阻止它被武器化的唯一方法就是从一开始就阻止它发布）。

问题就在这里。发布决定是由那些并不认为自己在做一项关于决定之决定的人所做的。他们不是一个清楚自己所作所为的将军。一个上传模型的工程师认为他是在交付一件产品。

法律需要限制这些模型被转化为武器。世界在生物武器中吸取了教训，生物武器同样表现出不可预测和不可控的特性。条约（如《禁止生物武器公约》）并非禁止其使用，而是全面禁止这些武器的研发和储备，在链条上提前一步采取行动。

以下是我决定一个 A.I. 模型是否可以安全发布的准则。在模型上线之前，开发者应在去除护栏的情况下，测量该模型在最糟糕情况下的能力，并使用一份任何人都可以修改的已发布文本，该文本由选定的专家根据美国政府的关注点制定。文本就是划定界限的地方，划清界限，且该文本与被自由学习的文本相同。但任何将模型推向界限之上的行为，无论其结果如何，都应承担相应责任。

有些人可能会认为这些步骤是：(1) 为了让模型更有效，而将开源模型发布作为一项国家战略。一些人认为，如果美国限制模型发布而中国不限制，这将

削弱我国的竞争力。

没有任何一种武器像它那样，在威胁中国的同时也威胁着美国。我们应该寻求一种共同的方式来衡量人工智能的能力并确定什么是危险的，就像我们测试飞机时所做的那样。这条路径不依赖于信任，而取决于对经济繁荣和政治稳定的计算；这才是真正的最高利益。

警告之枪已经开火。下一次出现像 ripen 或 destroy 这样的攻击时，我们甚至可能对此一无所知。在决定是否发射武器之前，不再需要经过指挥链。现在，只需一次按键即可上传一个危险的模型供全世界使用。我们能做的一切都必须在模型发布到世界上之前完成，一旦发布，就再也没有人能将这件武器收回。

不要称之为内战

Anthony Conwright

一位专注于美国历史的作家。

在一份关于罗伯特·S·李在阿波马托克斯投降周年的书面声明中，特朗普总统将邦联在 1865 年的失败描述为浩劫盛世的终结。特朗普先生并未谴责邦联的动机，也没有将奴隶制命名为其战斗的原因，而是引用了尤利西斯和乌雷马特在被击败军队中的话：“战争结束了。所有人再次成为同胞。”

美化叛乱并非新鲜事。美国人理所当然地认为这场战争被一个不同的称谓所取代，且联邦战争一直被称作“内战”，但事实并非如此。在战争期间及其后果中，它此前被称为一场“干涉战争”或“叛乱”。它现在的名称是邦联遗产团体和致力于改善南方形象并忽视美国主权的白人南方人数十年努力的结果。

当特朗普先生及其盟友试图模糊界限时，在面对起义时，我们应当回归一个更古老且更为准确的内战名称。我们应该再次将邦联的行为称为“叛乱”。这无疑是掩盖其叛乱性质的语言，旨在减轻其最糟糕政府的责任，如果我们不使用同样严厉的语言，如何能期望后代记住这次针对民主的暗杀？

在战争的早期年份，南方的叛乱性质在某种程度上被强调为一种法律必要性。国会强调非暴力的普遍性，以便调用民兵来镇压南方的反叛。但在李投降后的数十年里，邦联遗产团体游说国会、教育部门及更广泛的公众，以采用一种避免将南方人称为“叛徒”的新措辞。

“奴隶主叛乱”这一称呼在早期就已出现。参议员塞缪尔·C·彭西在 1863 年 7 月提出的关于“镇压奴隶主叛乱”的法案，成为了该语言成为争议焦点的手段。一名后来投奔邦联的人表示，这创造了“针对特定利益——即奴隶制——的强烈偏见”。

这场战争在战后仅数十年便发生了转变，当时白人南方人及其在国会的代表协作重新编写了这场冲突的历史。1898 年，一个团体推动组织参考资料，以“重新确认叛乱讨论的地位”。他们更倾向于使用“州际战争”这一称谓，使邦联摆脱反叛的污名。

从 1876 年到 1901 年，国会中的该运动同情者致力于删除“战争”之词。

为了面对我们自己的历史，我们必须对其保持诚实。

“反叛”（Rebellion）——那是当时的通用称呼——在立法中被排除，“内战”（Civil War）成为了一种折衷方案，这使得邦联遗产团体和白人群体比“各州之战”（War Between the States）更容易被其对手所接受。

随后出现了一系列命名方式。1885年，美国图书馆协会在其阅读指南中建议将“反叛”改为检索“美国历史，内战”。1887年，国会宣布倾向于使用“内战”。然而，在现今的《美国政府格式手册》中，内战（Civil War）、反叛之战（War of the Rebellion）和各州之战（War Between the States）都被列为可接受的称谓。其中一个是达成的庸俗之见；一个是准确的；最后一个则是——

美国图书馆委员会认为，在理论上遮蔽奴隶主反叛行为的后果，是在邦联复兴后，邦联支持者及其继承者通过一套由不面对现实和私刑构成的法律架构，帮助建立了一个反黑人暴力与控制的体制。修辞性抹除的危险不仅在于它对过去的扭曲，还在于它为未来对民主法律的攻击提供了预先的正当理由。

当唐纳德·特朗普赦免 1 月 6 日的起义者时，他将他们描述为“严重的国家不公正”的受害者，将他们的释放框架化为一种“国家和解”的行为。这仅是权力陈词滥调和逃避之举的一种局限，旨在重写一个国家的道德准则，使背叛行为变得与爱国主义一样正当。1 月 6 日就此简单地变成了“那个事件”。

这种对起义行为的模糊化处理，无法抹除他试图赦免的那些反叛者的特质，其中许多人在获得赦免后重新从事犯罪活动。今年 2 月，曾参与冲破国会警察路障的克里斯托弗·梅尼坎（Christopher Meynikan）对涉嫌威胁杀害众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯（Hakeem Jeffries）的指控认罪。

这些危险的操作采用了曾经用于邦联的同一套修复逻辑，即便其后果尚未在同一规模上显现。在这两种情况下，“决定”仅仅是“贴在反叛者身上的标签”。唐纳德·特朗普在其正义之说中使用“国家和解”，有助于修正 1 月 6 日的含义，将起义者重新定义为殉道者，将暴力逮捕重新定义为爱国行为，从而恢复美国民主。

邦联的诉讼关系不仅仅是一个关于南方救赎的人造神话。这是一场国家参与的仪式，每当我们将这场针对美国的奴隶主反叛称之为“内战”时，美国社会就在参与其中。“内战”绝不是一个由奴隶主叛徒针对美国发动战争的名称，而美国人应当意识到这一点。现在，距离战争首次爆发已过去 165 年，我们应当诚实地面对我们如何承载这段记忆。

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纽约时报，星期日，August 2, 2026

观点

我们自身镜像的精神陷阱

Catherine Shannon

一名散文、小说作家，并在 Substance 平台上经营一份时事通讯。

一切都变得奇怪。我们为人类工作。我们在网上社交。我们的私生活日益公开。人们假装成女性，品牌假装成人类。我们优化自己的身体，而身体却崩溃了。我们知道的越多，感觉就越不安全。

在这个颠倒的世界里，我们试图理解什么是真实的，什么是真理。为了认识真实的自我，我们从一个看似自然的地方开始：镜子。我们希望像他人看待我们那样看待自己，而现代生活给了我们无数的机会。

我们不断地面对自己的镜像。无论我们是否喜欢：在手机上，在前置摄像头视频中，在自拍中，在公共场所（试衣间里的公共镜子就让人痛苦地想起），在社交媒体资料中，在 Zoom 电话中，在 FaceTime 中，在博客的碎片时间里。但我们可能会忘记，镜子在复制现实的同时也反转了现实。没有一面镜子能完全展现真实的你。一切都变得奇怪。

历史学家 Christopher Lauch 曾写道，“他极力主张，世界是一面镜子”。几乎 30 年后，这依然是一个简洁的诊断，但它未能完全捕捉到我们现在面临的精神危机的程度。我相信，不断围绕我们的镜像之室召唤出了一些不安且阴暗的东西。这是一个精神陷阱，其中想象取代了真实。我们选择一个关于自己的历史，而非他人的现实。而这个陷阱正被技术所颂扬并推动。

为了理解我的意思，我们只需要想象一下我们在现实生活中的在线行为，而没有那些模糊了可接受界限的平台。

想象你在一个鸡尾酒会上——一个你极其厌恶的、为了工作的聚会。一名同事走向你。在他身边有一面大镜子，当你与他交谈并回答他那些带有窥探性的私人问题时，你并没有看着他的脸。相反，你在看着你自己，看着你自己的投影。你看着自己说话和笑，当你面对他询问你是否很快要再生一个孩子时，你看着自己摆出的表情。是的，审视你的投影，修正你的姿势，夸大你那副“我在听”的表情。在现实中，这简直离经叛道。人们可能会问你是否需要坐下休息。但这就是我们在 Zoom 上整天在做的事情。

或者想象一个所谓的“皮肤影响者”在向大家推介一系列夏季热门产品——没有手机的情况下的热门。整整六分钟，她凝视着浴室镜子中自己的眼睛，对自己说话。她涂抹产品，喋喋不休地讲述——我不知道——蜗牛黏液的好处。你会报警。或者至少会联系任何正在选角新艺术电影的人。

这种既是讲述者又是观察者的状态，为自己表演自己的身份，而非简单地生活在其中，这其中有些异样。当我们同时扮演演员、观众和评论者的角色时，必然会造成某种心理压力。

从历史上看，尽管人类一直渴望看到自己的形象，但接触机会极少。古埃及、古希腊和古罗马——那些崇尚美的文化——的铜镜和青铜镜是为富人生产的奢侈品。在文艺复兴时期，委任绘制的油画肖像仅限于贵族，且众所周知地不可靠。任何都铎王朝历史的爱好者都听过关于某些被美化得离谱的玛丽女王的故事？或者当一张肖像画如此不准确，以至于某人声称他无法强迫自己同意这段婚姻。

直到 19 世纪 80 年代中期，镜子才成为常见的家用物品，随后出现了我们的静止图像、动态图像，以及将三者结合的智能手机摄像头，同时让这些图像在任何地方都能被任何人获取。对于我们的大多数祖先以及几乎整个人类历史而言，我们一直是在凝视自己的眼睛，而绝不是在 Instagram Stories 上看着自己的长相，尽管我们一直有一种类似裂缝的渴望。

说实话：我不应该知道自己倒垃圾时的样子。但我确实知道，因为我的 Google Home 安防摄像头提醒我发现了“人员项目——后置摄像头”。

对于我所看到的内容，用“片段”这个词就太宽容了，那是一个幽灵般的身影，头发被向后梳得古怪，佝偻着背对着一袋垃圾，像个老巫婆。

我们时刻被记录着：在公共场合，被政府，被试图向我们推销商品的私人公司，甚至被陌生人。当我想到陌生人的手机里存着多少我的偶然照片时，我感到不安。在某部个人恐怖电影中，我出现在那里，吃着一个贝果，而某个 17 岁（原文为 IT-year-old，疑似误识）的游客在路过我时，正对着我拍照，然后把它发到家庭群聊中——“这个女人的脸太逗了！”——于是我就成了定义那次纽约市之行的内部笑话，并延续多年。

这很奇怪，尤其是考虑到过去我们很少审视自己，而且数千年来镜子是如此稀有且不完美，而传统智慧却提醒我们要警惕审视自我的行为。亚伯拉罕系的犹太教、基督教和伊斯兰教都警告过镜子、虚荣、傲慢以及过度关注自我的危险。

在犹太教的七天哀悼期（shiva）期间，镜子会被遮盖，这既是为了鼓励人们沉思神与人之间的关系，也是为了抑制虚荣心和对自我的关注。《箴言》教导人们，傲慢在精神上是有害的：“骄傲在败坏之前，狂心在跌倒之前。”

许多基督徒认为傲慢不仅是一种罪，而且是原罪，是最严重的罪。正如 C. S. 路易斯在《纯粹的基督教》（More Christianity，此处原文可能为误写）中所写，傲慢是“恶魔般的，是完全反神的精神状态”。傲慢是背离上帝，是对自我的迷信。镜子是骄傲和虚荣的象征，但它也象征着我们不完整、尘世的知识。正如使徒保罗在写给哥林多人的第一封信中关于上帝的描述：“现在我们 the through a glum, darkly（此处原文不清）；但到那时我们将面对面。”

伊斯兰教的先知传统（hadith）不鼓励在宗教语境中描绘生物。然而，在伊斯兰神秘主义中，一面模糊的镜子是人类灵魂的隐喻。只有当污垢被清除，表面被擦拭干净时，神圣之物才会显现。《古兰经》在傲慢和社会虚荣方面也非常明确：“不要在人们中间不可傲慢，也不要在地上狂妄地行走。”

信息很明确：自我观察在精神上是有危险的，我们需要保持警惕。在所有这些信仰中，镜子都是一种具有欺骗性的、不完整的方式，它是被遮盖的，是黑暗且模糊的。它揭示不出上帝、真理，甚至揭示不出真实的我们。只有通过私人沉思、面对面的邂逅以及内在的精神转变，我们才能认知真理。

但愿事情能那么简单。就像纳西索斯（Narcissus）一样，我们很容易被自己的倒影，被我们想象中理想化的自我所诱惑。每天，我们都在被鼓励进行这种自我诱导。但坦率地说，自我诱惑并不是诱惑应该发挥作用的方式。

主流心理学，以及现代生活中的几乎每一个特征，都强调健康的自我（ego）。这是一个令人宽慰、积极向上的想法，是任何均衡人格的基本组成部分。我们都知道，自我意识太少、自我关怀太少也是不好的。当然，要先照顾好自己，设定边界，也要维持面子。而相反的信息——即存在过度的自我意识或自我关注——在 TikTok 上并不流行。但显然，凡事皆有度。

当失去限度时会发生什么？很遗憾，糟糕的事情会发生。可怕的事情。镜像中的自我很少能带来长久的安慰。

政治审判无助于我们了解真相

Rachael Bedard

特约评论员，老年病学专家及姑息治疗医生。

参议院的听证会向来具有戏剧色彩。即便如此，周三上午的参议院委员会听证会——关于安东尼·福齐博士（Dr. Anthony Fauci）以及新冠肺炎（Covid-19）起源等问题的讨论——依然是一场令人震惊的演出：福齐博士几乎没有发言，而其他所有人则花费了大约三小时来宣泄他们的情绪。

委员会主席、肯塔基州的参议员兰德·保罗（Rand Paul）将自己塑造为当代乔·麦卡锡（Joe McCarthy），旨在揪出那些对他国家犯下不可原谅罪行的罪魁祸首。他在开场陈词中对福齐博士说：“如果没有你的帮凶行为，新冠封锁绝不可能被强加在人们身上。你多年来是否一直在逃避责任？”

乔·拜登总统在离任前采取了惊人之举，给予福齐博士一项全面赦免，涵盖他从 2014 到 2025 年初的所有活动。如果福齐博士在拜登先生 2025 年离任后的宣誓证词中被发现撒谎，这项赦免将无法保护他免受新的伪证指控。在律师的建议下， 50 岁的福齐博士在周三的听证会上做出了一个非同寻常的选择：援引第五修正案（拒绝作证）。当共和党参议员们向他抛出往往带有敌意的问题时，他一遍又一遍地重复，他恭敬地拒绝回答。

通过这样做，福齐博士成为了一个沉默的符号，共和党和民主党的委员会成员们围绕着他，争论着关于这场疫情、以及更广泛地关于美国科学与公共卫生的不可调和的故事。其结果是一场突如其来的戏剧，但对于渴望真相的公众来说，并没有提供任何见解。

保罗先生个人直接指控福齐博士：资助在中国武汉进行的危险的功能增强（gain-of-function）研究，这可能导致了实验室泄漏，将 SARS-CoV-2 释放到世界之（福齐博士对此予以否认）；推广侵犯公民自由的缓解政策；利用他在疫情期间的名声获利；以及在关于病毒起源及其获知时间的真相上撒谎。

面对共和党拙劣的科学认知，福齐博士在参议院听证会上的最佳选择就是沉默。

福齐博士曾多次在众议院和参议院接受国会质询。在本次活动之前的几天里，保罗先生公布了福齐博士 1,000 多页的日记条目。（福齐博士显然是在与其政府账户关联的电脑上撰写的：这些内容由卫生部长罗伯特·F·肯尼迪二世及其工作人员检索，并提供给了保罗参议员。）

福齐博士私人写作的摘录（包括他对与名人对话的反思以及他日益增加的奖项收藏）似乎证实了右翼对他形象的塑造：一个自负的操作者，在国家危机期间被关注度所谄媚而非理性对待。但许多被引用为福齐博士向公众撒谎或故意隐瞒信息的条目，实际上是提醒人们，当时的疫情决策背景是多么不确定。

事实上，其中一些条目提供了一个有用的视角，让人们得以窥见具有不同观点和担忧的专家之间是如何达成决策的，而福齐博士在其中扮演的角色更多是协调者而非决策者。在 2020 年 1 月 26 日，他写道病毒可能起源于动物并跳跃至人类；随后，他忠实地记录了自己与其他 2 位讨论替代可能性的科学家的对话。

在 2021 年接受《纽约时报》记者大卫·华莱士-威尔斯（David Wallace-Wells）采访时，华莱士-威尔斯就实验室泄漏假设以及他在资助武汉研究中的角色向福西博士（Dr. Fauci）发问。华莱士-威尔斯建议在被问及该话题时，福西博士本可以提供更详尽的回答，此时后者变得恼怒起来。“大卫，你曾在国会委员会前作证吗？”他厉声反问。

福西博士似乎在多年前就得出结论：他说的越多，他的品格和行为就越容易成为争议的焦点。

An ins. Be our an go (W. as for see the Dr. the to Tre par "N. the not an ing pa ge nu is" of

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纽约时报，星期日，2006 年 8 月 2 日

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在不同文化中，镜子被非买家、操作员和女巫用于预测、占卜以及试图窥视可见世界之外的领域。在民俗和神秘学实践中，镜子不仅是反射性的或个性化的——它是一个某物可能出现，或某人可能返回的门户。

即使是后现代主义者也有自己的警告。1967 年，米歇尔·福柯（Michel Foucault）阴郁地将镜子描述为一种阈限，是幻想世界、乌托邦以及边缘地带其他某种地方的混合体——他将其称为“betermopia”。镜子就是这样一个奇怪的地方，因为我们同时发现了自己的存在与缺席。“我在我不在此处的地方看到了自己，”他写道，“在一个在表面之后展开的虚幻、虚拟空间里。”

根据福柯的观点，其他一些异质空间包括蜜月旅行、精神病院、度假村、监狱、电影院、博物馆、图书馆、妓院和墓地。在这些环境中，事物的正常秩序崩溃，某些真相被揭露。这些地方中的每一个都可以成为一个恰当的隐喻，指代那些将我们无情地映射回自身的屏幕、显示器和社交媒体应用——

不停地在屏幕上盯着自己的脸正在影响我们的精神状态。

解决办法。这项技术是一面镜子，但它同时也是一座博物馆、一座剧院，一座监狱。

居住在这个镜像的、尘埃的世界中，这种双重的存在感并不自然。它甚至不显得中立。有些东西不对劲，而当有些东西不对劲时，弗洛伊德可能曾试图对此进行解释。他将此称为“诡异”（the uncanny），这个概念本身就抵制一个简洁的定义，不过如果你看过大卫·林奇（David Lynch）的电影，你就已经亲身体会过了。

撇开阉割情结和子宫幻想不谈，弗洛伊德做得相当不错。根据他在 1919 年发表的同名论文，诡异“是指那些将我们引向某些早已为人熟知、曾经非常熟悉之物的恐怖类别”。新事物或未知事物很容易让我们恐惧，但诡异的感觉依赖于它在某种程度上是我们所熟悉的。

诡异是对熟悉之物的黑暗扭曲。当想象与现实之间的界限开始模糊，当隐藏的机制似乎在表面之下运作，以及当本不该有生命的东西显得有生命时，它便出现了。（反之亦然，比如那些网红，他们的眼神中可能带着那种死寂的、像鲨鱼一样的目光。）它的标志是重复，是一种某种规律且不可逃避的感觉。弗洛伊德指出，当一个符号开始产生与其代表之物同样强大的力量时，诡异感往往很容易被制造出来。很难想象对在线生活有比这更精准的描述了。

长期自我凝视产生的心理影响确实是诡异的。意大利乌尔巴诺大学（University of Urbana）在 2010 年的一项研究发现，当健康的年轻成年人在弱光环境下凝视镜中自己的脸时，结果是立竿见影且令人不安的。参与者报告说看到了自己面部的巨大变形、一个陌生人，甚至是非常幻象且怪诞的生物。有些人看到了动物的脸，比如猫、猪或便便的形状。有些人看到了他们的父母。所有人都经历了一定形式的解离。一些受试者觉得镜中的另一张脸才是正在注视他们的人。

与镜子和诡异紧密相连的是“双身”（the double）或“分身”（disparaginger）的概念，这是一个在文学和电影中被长期探讨的主题，从 Democracy 的小说《双人》到乔丹·皮尔（Jordan Peck）的电影《我们》（US）。在德国和东欧的民俗中，分身是一个预兆，一个潜伏者，是阴影自我，也是身份不稳定的标志。自我被分裂，被纠缠，被自己的镜像所困扰或照亮。

今天，我们将自己的形象——无论是在镜中还是在网上——视为某种心理保护：一种稳定身份、管理名声并确保自我意识连贯的方式。

但这一切反而暗示了相反的可能性。我们越试图通过重复、翻倍、自我观察以及——我会这么说——在社交网络上发布动态来稳定自己，我们就变得越诡异，越脆弱。对稳定自我的痴迷反而产生了不稳定。如今，我们不再谨慎地对待自己的分身；我们邀请他们，甚至不惜去精心策划他们。

这就像是一个反向版本的《道林·格雷的画像》。在奥斯卡·王尔德的小说中，道林保持着完美的公众形象，而他的画像则承载着他内在的腐败与焦虑。在现代图像文化下，我们尝试反向操作：我们以牺牲真实自我为代价，呈现一个完美的数字分身，而真实自我则被留下，去吸收两者之间产生的不适与紧张。如果你发布了一张完美的照片，那么你内心是否感到悲伤就几乎无关紧要了。

这种情况比虚荣更糟糕，比自恋更阴暗。我们周围的镜子，尤其是技术之镜，将我们自身分裂——这具有不稳定性，甚至危险。随着我们生活中越来越多的部分发生在虚拟领域，且我们日益认同那些数字化贬低者的幻想，我们开始将自己去人性化，而当我们这样做时，毫无疑问地，将他人去人性化也变得更加容易。

这是每天都在发生的一种微小方式：礼仪的普遍消失。在纽约市，我经常遇到有人在人行道上向我走来，低头盯着手机，直到他们意识到另一个东西正向他们靠近，在这种情况下，那个东西就是我，一个人类。这种难以忍受的“胆小鬼博弈”可能与我们被驯化看待他人的方式有关：将其视为物体，而非人。我们在人行道或其他地方，将他人视为达成目的的障碍。或者将他人视为获取所需之物的工具。技术在很大程度上将我们视为被操纵的物体，被利用的“用户”。我们习惯于此，将其内化，并将这种对待方式回馈给周围的人。

当我们审视自己时，我们在寻求某些东西。我们希望被认知、被看见、被理解。但我们寻找的地方错了。镜子向我们展示的是我们自己批判性和自我塑造的目光——那是骄傲、快感和自我的目光。这种幻想很强大，甚至令人迷醉，但不可靠。当我们仅仅看向自己时，我们无法遇到任何能抵抗我们的东西；没有矛盾，没有干扰。我们需要诚实的目光：他人的目光以及投向他人的目光。为了清晰地看到自己，我们不应该看镜子。我们要看关系。

在有了孩子之前，我一直认为自己是一个非常有耐心的人。我想象着自己能毫无挫败感地清理掉地板上的炒蛋，读《猫头鹰巴克》（Owl Barker）。那么，在没有产生疲惫感之前，就突然爆发地对着珀西（Percy）、比尔（Bill）和一位未点名的猫头鹰母亲吼叫了起来。但我美丽的儿子以惊人的清晰度揭露了我的不足。（我正在努力改进。）在与他人充满爱的关系中，我们被引出自我，进入世界。

镜子鼓励我们选择关于自己的幻想，而非他人的现实。最好我们将视线移开。

因此，在周三，他承受了辱骂——以及某种程度的囚禁——并保持沉默。另一位共和党参议员，来自密苏里州的乔什·霍利（Josh Hawley）以一种极其激进的表演方式，指责他想要“成为科学的太阳神”。来自俄亥俄州的共和党参议员伯尼·莫里恩（Bernie Morion）则用脏话质问，浮士德博士（Dr. Faust）认为自己是谁，竟敢做出那样的事。

包括来自密歇根州的加里·彼得斯（Gary Peters）和来自康涅狄格州的理查德·布卢门撒尔（Richard Blumenthal）在内的民主党参议员们，对浮士德博士的磨难表示同情，并利用大部分时间主张，争论的焦点应该是讨论特朗普总统和肯尼迪国务卿在损害公众健康方面的所有手段。

只有来自新泽西州的民主党参议员安迪·金（Andy Kim）说了具有洞察力的话——而那是在于这场听证会代表了美国政治的现状，以及对信任和一个运作正常的民主制度的影响：“目前，我觉得这个国家日益严重的过度党派之争正以危险的方式增长。”金先生感叹道：“人们称我们的公职人员为罪犯，这是在‘破坏治理工作的本质’。”

© 2006 John McClelland, Inc.

当然，他是正确的；政治审判对民主有害，且对我们接近真相或共识毫无帮助。在所有关于近期大流行期间发生了什么的对话中，都笼罩着一种焦虑，即如果我们近期再次面临大流行将会发生什么。通过将所有困难的冲突都投射到浮士德博士身上，共和党回避了更艰巨的工作，即弄清楚我们实际上应该从他以及我们的错误中学习什么。

浮士德博士是一个复杂的人，他既被推崇，也被简化为一个符号。在经历了数十年处于科学与政治交汇点的职业生涯后，他留下的遗产如今被定义为关于他在大流行期间影响的、互不兼容且被刻意解读的叙述。这些叙述在短期内几乎没有化解的希望。

戏剧在最强大的时候，是通过虚构来折射真相，从而使力量能被直观地感受到。而这次听证会则是一场表演，它仅仅是加深了那种日益定义美国人与体制之间关系的互不信任。作为一名极致的体制拥护者，浮士德博士已成为了这种不信任的持久目标。

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8 30

纽约时报，星期日，8月 2, 2026

观点

专栏作家 / 尼古拉斯·克里斯托夫

生活已是难以为继，随后变得更糟

在 1 月 17 日

在经历了一次横跨美国南部的 1,000 英里公路旅行后，我无法忘记一个人：特林尼蒂·古德曼（Trinity Goodman），一个住在俄克拉何马市、手臂上带着绷带的、乐观的三十多岁女性。

为什么要打绷带？古德曼，44, 靠每周两次出售血浆生存。她的支票账户里只有 $3.78，储蓄账户里只有 1 分钱（为了维持账户开启），而她的存钱罐里有 6 分钱。

“这就是我的全部资产，”她说道，带着一种自嘲贫穷的微笑。

“勉强维持，”她补充道，“这真的很艰难，也很凄惨。”

她生活在一个许多我们甚至无法想象的美国。五年时间里，她仅靠住在一名男子的家中才勉强免于无家可归；她说，那人并非她的浪漫伴侣，而是利用她的脆弱，通过定期要求发生性关系来获取利益。她说，希望社区服务中心（Hope Community Services）帮她在 2014 月获得了低收入住房；否则，她仍将在违心的性行为和无家可归之间做出选择。

每月 $200 的食品券维持着她的生活，但这些券不能用来购买卫生纸或女性卫生用品。因此，她在教会经营的食品库中寻找这些物资——这在很多美国地区都很常见。

医疗服务同样负担不起。“我从未去过诊所或类似的任何地方，”她说，“从未去过，我没有那种奢侈。”

美国的许多权力掌控者——以及许多美国人——生活富足，但我的感觉是，我们中很多人对有多少人被抛在身后视而不见。他们被抛在太远的地方，以至于他们几乎与我们其他人生活在不同的国家。而这种横跨美国的贫富差距，现在因唐纳德·特朗普总统对食品券的削减而进一步放大。此外，医疗补助（Medicaid）、儿童心理健康资金、避孕计划和其他社会项目，以及上涨的汽油和食品价格也起到了推波助澜的作用。共和党还对领取福利实施了更严格的工作要求；这在理论上是合理的，但在实践中，此类要求的管理成本极高，且最终结果大多只是

将人们推向更深的贫困。

在这次旅行中，我接触到许多失去了食品券和其他福利、且日益绝望的人——而且可以理解的是，这种压力也传递到了那些似乎对他们的挣扎漠不关心的人身上，近期《华盛顿邮报》的一项民调发现，三分之二的美国人认为杂货价格难以负担。

古德曼就是感受到这种压力的人之一，而且她似乎面临着失去食品券的风险——如果那样的话，她不知道该如何生存。

我正进行每年一度的“我的旅程”，这个项目是我 20 年前开始的，旨在带一名大学生进行报道旅行，报道选定的主题。通常我们去国外，经常是去非洲，但这一次我们关注的是加利福尼亚州、阿肯色州和肯塔基州的贫困、成瘾和心理贩运。

我今年的学生获胜者是布兰代斯·蒂平塔拉斯（Brandeis Tipintaras），他在秘鲁利马的一个工人阶级社区长大，刚刚毕业于耶鲁大学。在这次公路旅行中，我们反复意识到的一件事是，美国的贫困不仅仅是缺乏金钱的问题，它通常是跨代传递且自我复制的。

例如，古德曼说她在创伤中长大，家庭环境糟糕且经常出现毒品。她告诉我们，她曾遭到强奸，实际上在 6 或 7. 岁时就开始了。她在 5 岁时母亲自杀；之后，她说古德曼由其他家庭成员抚养。所有的创伤都留下了印记。她说她被临床诊断为癫痫和创伤后压力综合征，导致她无法工作。她申请了残疾补贴，但她说被拒绝了，目前正在申诉。

我询问古德曼，对于特朗普在全国范围内推行的额外工作要求，她有什么话想对他（特朗普）说。

“你根本不知道你在对人们做什么——”

“那些在生存线上挣扎的人，”她说，“你银行里有钱。你不知道挣扎是什么感觉。试着在我的处境中生活一天，你根本无法承受。”

在阿肯色州的派恩布拉夫（Pine Bluff）——这是一个经济拮据、犯罪率高且人口流失的邻近黑人城市——我拜访了兰扎·福斯特二世（Lanza Foster, II）的家。她是一位带着六个孩子的单身母亲，失去了食品券，因此导致房租欠缴。

福斯特在塔可贝尔（Taco Bell）担任轮班经理，每小时赚 $10.45。她曾依赖每月 $1,272 的食品券——但这些补助在 1962, 年被突然切断，显然是因为怀疑她的两个孩子在其他州领取了不当补贴。她渴望恢复补贴，并表示系统出现了某种错误。

根据预算与政策优先中心（Center on Budget and Policy Priorities）的数据，在全国范围内，已有数百万儿童失去了食品券——在过去一年中，我从未见过这么多孩子失去保障。根据《纽约时报》同事杰森·德波克（Jason DePock）的专业报道，各州面临的压力导致了这一问题，并导致了福利被错误地取消。此外，自年初以来，由于共和党削减了帮助支付保险费的补贴，约有 3 百万美国人失去了 macarex 健康保险。

失去食品券后，福斯特现在的房租已经欠缴——她在一个犯罪频发的社区租了一套三居室，每月租金 $650——且由于欠租，每天产生 $25 的损失。

“我每天都处于崩溃边缘，”她告诉我，“我工作越多，日子反而越难过。”

随后她崩溃并痛哭起来。削减挣扎中的美国人福利的举措，部分源于削减联邦开支的愿望，但这很难与自由运行的开支以及对私人场所和最富裕者的税收补贴相协调。这还基于一种认知，认为“挣扎着的人”在利用系统，但我认为我们夸大了穷人而非富人逃避责任的程度。根据 ProPublica 的数据，在 2-3-2016, 美国税审比例最高的地区并非亿万富翁的避风港，而是密西西比州的汉弗莱斯县（Humphreys County），那里大部分是黑人人口，家庭年收入仅约为 $18,000。

无论如何，最容易生活在贫困中的年龄组——迄今为止——是儿童，尤其是 2 岁及以下的儿童，他们不能被指责为不负责任。是的，许多人最终做出了错误的选择，但在他们辜负我们之前，我们先辜负了他们。

特朗普最初建议取消 Head Start（一项享有两党支持、为贫困弱势儿童提供服务的联邦计划）。他后来撤回了该提议，但国会调查员发现，他的政府在数月内非法扣留了该计划的 320 亿美元 billion 资金，造成了巨大的困难。

但是，虽然关注特朗普和共和党削减医疗救助（Medicaid）、食品券和其他福利很容易，但并非只有特朗普政府在让美国人掉队。

民主党人将住房权说得很好（作为一项人权），但目前无家可归率最高的三个州都是蓝色州：加利福尼亚州、俄勒冈州和夏威夷州。自由主义者正确地抵制特朗普废除教育部（Department of Education）的计划，但正是少数几个红色州——尤其是阿拉巴马州、路易斯安那州和密西西比州——在推动实质性进展，并且现在可能代表了美国教育最好的希望。

密西西比州一名黑人四年级学生在阅读能力不达标方面的可能性，现在是加利福尼亚州黑人四年级学生的两倍半。民主党人完全有权谴责特朗普，但他们也应该审视自身在帮助被遗忘者方面的失败。

摄影师 CHARLES PETTIGLIAT 为《纽约时报》拍摄

走出我们的超加工食品乌托邦

Julia Belhu

特约赞助作者，且为《食物情报》(Food Intelligence) 一书的作者。

当布莱斯·马丁内斯 (Bryce Martinez) 感到心口疼痛时，他以为可能是哮喘发作。但在学校托儿所的办公室里，他的血压被发现高得惊人，随后被紧急送往急诊室。在那里，医生诊断他患有心脏病，以及后来的肝脏疾病。

当时的布莱斯感到很困惑。他童年早期就出现了过敏反应，但在这次胸痛之前，他的健康状况没有任何其他异常迹象。他甚至没有意识到孩子也会患上 2 型糖尿病。

回到家后，他在网上搜索关于这些疾病的信息，阅读了大量新闻文章和视频。他了解到，美国的儿童生活在功能失调的饮食环境中，在那里，最不健康的选项往往是最实惠且最易获得的。但随着父母的工作时间增加，烹饪的时间比前几代人更少。食品公司用含有工业加工食品的便捷、简单的食物填补了这一空白。但这些并不是真正的家常菜。这些食物通常充满了盐、糖、脂肪和添加剂。

布莱斯感到震惊的是，监管机构并没有将所有食品添加剂都视为健康和安全的，但他们并没有针对营养食品 / 器官的健康情况来审视这些食品添加剂。

布莱斯意识到，这就是他在宾夕法尼亚州成长过程中接触到的许多食物。即使是那些看起来不那么糟糕的食物。出门前的一碗麦片——面向儿童销售，有时还宣传其营养成分，但含糖量也很高。在学校，午餐提供披萨、汉堡和坚果及奶酪。布莱斯的父母尽可能地尝试烹饪营养餐，但他们两人都有全职工作。

当他在父母下班前回到家时，他会从橱柜或冷冻柜里拿出一杯或更少数量的食物在微波炉中加热——美国奶酪或即食餐。果汁则用来冲刷这些餐食，他食用的大部分食物——天数，麦片——似乎被设计成让他无法停止进食。他以前经常为此责备自己。

到了 15 岁，他开始意识到责任并不在于他一个人。马丁内斯先生起诉了 11 家主要食品制造商——包括卡夫亨氏 (Kraft Heinz)、可口可乐 (Coca-Cola)、百事公司 (PepsiCo) 和雀巢美国 (Nestle USA)——指控这些公司控制其产品的消费，导致他在童年时期患上 2 型糖尿病以及后来的肝脏疾病。这起诉讼于 2024 年底提起，是首例针对超加工食品的个人伤害案件。

从那时起，我追踪了其他六个以上针对主要食品制造商提起的个人伤害诉讼，所有这些诉讼都认为，旨在驱动成瘾并向儿童营销的超加工食品导致了 18 岁以下人群患上慢性疾病。我关注这些案件，是因为我越来越坚信，诉讼可能是我们获得健康饮食环境的唯一途径。

民意调查显示，在整个政治光谱中，大多数美国人现在认为超加工食品可能具有成瘾性，认为公司在故意诱骗儿童，并且需要监管。那些在迈克尔·布隆伯格 (Michael Bloomberg) 市长执政下，纽约市禁止大号饮料的时代显得过于严苛的政策，现在看来似乎不再那么极端。

密歇根大学的食品成瘾专家阿什利·古特曼 (Ashley Goutman) 表示，这种趋势将影响食品世界及其他领域。她说：“作为一名家长，我觉得有些企业在围猎我孩子的利益，以便他们能趁虚而入，让我孩子终身依赖他们有害的产品。”

在背景方面，营养科学已经做出了衡量。研究人员已经公布了加工食品是如何通过破坏脂肪多样性和营养来构建，并增加了 2 型糖尿病、肥胖症以及其他慢性疾病风险的。

但这并不意味着美国人很快就能看到相关监管。尽管特朗普政府，特别是 16 USA 罗伯特·F·肯尼迪，对超加工食品有很多话要说，但所有这些讨论并未对健康问题产生实质性的新影响。一位学者表示：“人们讨论食品环境的风险本质、食品工业对此如何推波助澜以及公共政策应当采取哪些措施，已经 18, 10 年了，但几乎没有任何进展，”杜克大学的公共卫生研究员凯利·博思沃斯（Kelly Bosworth）说道。

我对此僵局深有体会。十多年来，我一直撰写关于慢性病和食品的文章。当人们问我们如何修复食品系统时，我通常会给出某种版本的建议，即在你能触及的每一个层级——学校、城市、县——都要求改革。但坦白说，当我想到规模达 $10 万亿的全球食品和饮料工业的游说权力时，这场斗争显得毫无希望。

直到深入研究公共卫生诉讼的历史，我才开始感到一些乐观。一次又一次，对公共卫生和社会正义感兴趣的聪明律师们在为预防措施而战，促使政策制定者在产品的危害被确定后必须采取行动。诉讼强制执行了实质性的资本监管。它帮助限制了含铅汽油和石棉的使用，并使驾驶变得更安全。但公共卫生诉讼中发展最彻底的一例涉及香烟。

在 20 世纪的大部分时间里，公众被烟草营销所淹没，这占据了总量的 20 百分比。在今天看来这极其荒谬。杂志广告中出现推荐特定品牌香烟的医生。“酷男”乔·骆驼（Joe Camel）卡通形象出现在广告牌和杂志上以诱惑儿童。医院和飞机内烟雾缭绕。

在 20 世纪 70 年代，个人原告挺身而出起诉烟草公司。其中有每天抽两包烟且首先被诊断出患癌的工厂工人。还有一位因丈夫意外死亡而起诉的寡妇，她的丈夫自 8 岁起就是一名资深烟民。行业在 60 年代通过各种手段抵制这类诉讼。但即便如此，

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纽约时报，星期日，August 2, 2020

3R 9

观点

当问题具有结构性时，我们往往倾向于忽视它们。加利福尼亚州的 Pula-Aho 聚集了许多心怀善意的自由主义者——2024 年，五分之四的选民支持 Kansas Harris 而非 唐纳德·特朗普——并且该地将其优秀的公立学校向所有肤色和阶层的儿童开放……只要他们的家庭能负担得起 $3.800 万 的平均房价。

许多工人阶级美国人感到被背叛，这是可以理解的。在我看来，所有党派的政治家们在面对美国人被抛弃的问题时都过于心不在焉，而自 2000. 以来，已有 1.3 million 美国人死于药物过量。这个数字大致相当于美国历史上所有战争中死亡的美国服役军人数。

产生这种自满情绪的原因之一是，这些问题（至少在复杂性方面）往往是不可见的。美国人可能会看到一个在大喊大叫的吸毒无家可归者，但他们看不到那段绝望的轨迹，这段轨迹可能始于寄养护理——而在最糟糕的情况下，这实际上是一套政府主导的儿童虐待系统。

Courtesy Williams, 35, 忍受了那个破碎的寄养护理系统。我在俄克拉荷马市见到了她，她正在照顾一个新生儿，并希望每月 $200 的食品券不会被取消。

作为纳税人，我们支付了 Williams 在寄养机构的费用——一共三次——但我们从未为她提供所需的保护和机会，尤其是当她年幼且急需帮助的时候。当我们不在前端投资时，最终我们会在后端为此买单。

Williams 的经历代表了部分现状：如果男人在性侵她，可能是在她 2 或 4. 岁的时候。她说，她的母亲是一名有成瘾问题的妓女，她在 6 岁时目睹了妹妹被杀，随后被送入寄养护理。

从那时起，她在七个州的寄养家庭中被辗转搬迁，将自己生活的琐碎物品装在垃圾袋里随身携带。她说，当她 15, 岁时，一个寄养家庭在冰箱、冷冻柜和食物柜上加了锁，让她和其他寄养儿童处于饥饿状态。

Williams 在 13 岁时第一次尝试毒品，14 岁时被一名 20 岁后期的男子弄怀孕，后来她发现此人是一名被限制的性罪犯。她将孩子送去收养，并在 16 年级辍学。

她说，并非每个寄养家庭都虐待她或为了钱而收容她：她无法完成自己的工作。有人曾试图收养她。但由于对人类善意持有不稳定的猜疑且充满自我怀疑，Williams 请求更换安置地。

当 Williams 17, 岁时，她的寄养母亲停止领取关于她的支票——她们不确定原因，但也许是系统中的某些交易——并将她赶走。此后，Williams 花了十年时间大部分处于无家可归的状态，与毒品作斗争，在 Dunkirk Denoix 的残骸中漂泊，并定期被监禁。最终，一个不吸毒的新男友（后来的丈夫）帮她重新掌控生活。她说，自从去年九月发现怀孕后，她就再也没有接触过毒品。

保守主义者经常强调“个人责任”的重要性，他们说的有道理。自我毁灭的行为是真实存在的。学者们表示，在遵循“成功序列”（即高中毕业、获得全职工作并在婚后才生育）的千禧一代中，97 percent 的人在 20 多岁后期避免了贫困。

然而，如果我们想讨论个人责任的缺失，我们也必须讨论我们集体的责任，讨论我们将某些孩子视为垃圾的方式——或者我们现在从 1.5 million 名儿童手中夺走食品券的方式。

在 Pine Bluff，我与几位年长的成年居民交谈，他们说在某些方面，生活在 Jim Crow era, 实际上更好。当然，黑人现在可以投票了，而且有些人已经过上了繁荣的生活。

但这些中心感叹道，黑人群体的生活质量并未像他们想象的那样有所提高。成本飙升，犯罪成为威胁，肥胖现象普遍，而糖尿病和高血压等疾病广泛流行，损害了人们的健康。该县的预期寿命比伊朗或孟加拉国更短。学校在事实上仍然处于隔离状态且发展滞后；派恩布拉夫（Pine Bluff）学区被州政府评定为 F 级。

“当时的民权可能更好，”76 岁的芭芭拉·奥尔森（Barbara Ohlson）抱怨道。我不认为她真的在主张完全没有进步，但她说得没错，在像派恩布拉夫这样的地方，黑人孩子在 2020 年仍然难以找到机会。

“那时候你有足够的条件能生存下去，”她告诉我，“而现在的情况糟糕透了。”

在没有完全放弃像派恩布拉夫这样地方的少数机构中，有一家就是美国军队。它提供了一个开放且向外的平台，以及技能培训、纪律和尊重。但有些人并不认同，国防部长皮特·海加特（Pete Hegardt）在根除黑人高级军官，人们不再将武装部队视为有色人种获得机会的途径。

“军队不再是了，”现任陆军退伍军人格林·约翰逊（Glynne Johnson）说道，他指出了海加特对军队声誉的影响。“不，我们不会再去那里了。”

在这次旅行中，我最想见的人之一是埃马纽尔·拉默（Emanuel Lamer），十年前我在派恩布拉夫与他相识，当时他是一名

数百万美国人如今正以有时难以想象的方式挣扎着。

一个聪明可爱的 13 岁男孩——面临着加入帮派的风险。你没注意到他可能会走向两个截然不同的方向。也许他会茁壮成长并考上大学，或者也许他会屈服于那个犯罪猖獗的扭曲环境的引力。但伊曼纽尔的卧室就是美国功能失调的写照。房间里有三台电视，但由于欠费，电力本应在我到达当天被切断。

拉默后来怎么了？起初他没有完成高中学业，与法律产生了纠葛，现在他被羁押，等待本月关于持有非法枪支的联邦指控审理，该枪支已被改装成自动武器。由于不允许进入监狱，我通过电话与他交谈。我问他出了什么问题，他说：“我和不对的人混在一起。”

拉默告诉我，他与前女友育有两个儿子，年龄分别为 4 岁和 6 岁，于是我找到了他们以及他们的母亲安德鲁·霍尔姆斯。她和儿子们已被驱逐出境且无家可归，暂时在一名亲戚拥挤的公寓中寄宿，并拼命尝试寻找一个居住地。

霍尔曼在一家养老院的厨房工作，但她的车坏了，因此通勤成了每日的危机。她正尝试申请食品券，但尚未到账。

她说她爱拉默，他是她的高中初恋，但他们之间发生了争吵，因为他是个不负责任的父母。“因为我得向他要孩子们的钱，他生气了，”她说，并补充道她只是希望他能支付像男孩学习之类的小开支。

“他知道事实上我得承担起他的责任，就像我是他妈一样，”她补充道。“否则谁来做？我对他说，‘你有孩子’，而这些孩子不是我一个人生的。”

拉默的儿子们是美丽且充满潜力的孩子，但他们现在在没有父亲陪伴的情况下长大，就像拉默当年一样。在访问那个拥挤的家时，我想起十年前的伊曼纽尔，当时他也是一个同样可爱的孩子，想到 Pine Bluff 的黑人男孩们面临的重重障碍，我在想这些孩子是否正处于重复那条轨迹的路径上。

对面页顶部：Courtesy Williams 及其婴儿。斯奎尔，她将不会失去每月 $200 的食品券；一名无家可归的男子，在俄克拉荷马市 1-04 公路旁的一个出入口营地，他只自称迈克。在第六页，特里尼蒂·古德曼在当地通过出售血浆维持生计，这是她在俄克拉荷马市的公寓。下方，阿兹库姆·尼舒安与她的两个孩子在表亲居住的公寓区。

一名青少年起诉了大型食品公司。他的诉讼可能会为我们所有人创造一个更健康的未来。

原告们在绝大多数情况下都失败了，正如 Alan Brandt-Broderick 在《香烟世纪》（The Cigarette Century）中所述，这些案件在经历了漫长的等待后，终于在证据开示（discovery）阶段发现了令人震惊的行业内部文件。

烟草公司因诱导成瘾并瞄准“潜在吸烟者”（即儿童）而面临大量诉讼；其记录显示其产品会导致癌症，而公司高管在公开场合却坚称并非如此。在证据开示中公开的文件不仅揭露了该行业的欺骗与伪装，还戳穿了将吸烟视为个人责任的说法。最重要的是，这些文件促使了大规模的侵权诉讼，使得政府不得不采取行动。

在 1980 年代，各州总检察长开始起诉烟草公司，因为纳税人承担了这场公共卫生危机的绝大部分费用。随后的全球和解协议限制了烟草营销，并强制公司向各州支付数十亿美元的赔偿金。立法者终于拥有了能够切实限制吸烟的政治筹码。他们限制了烟草产品的获取渠道并提高了香烟税。成年人的吸烟率骤降，从 1965 年的 42% 降至 2025 年的 9%。

BRUCE MARTINEZ 的诉状在联邦地区法院被驳回，因为法官虽然“深感担忧”超加工食品对儿童的影响，但最终认同被告的主张，即没有足够的证据证明特定产品导致了 Martinez 先生的健康问题。（被告在共同请求撤销案件的动议中还辩称，其产品是安全的，受到联邦监管且合法合规。）

今年 6 月，法官否决了 Martinez 先生增加细节以修改案件的动议。他在 Erie Morgan & Morgan 律师事务所的律师表示，他们计划就此裁定提起上诉，并将继续在全国范围内提起类似的诉讼。与此同时，其他案件仍在推进。这一切都不会是容易的。

历史学家 Brandt 博士最近告诉我，预计会有更多争论。在烟草案件中，有数百起诉讼，而且那些案件相对简单，因为只需要证明单一产品导致某人患病。然而，Brandt 博士对针对食品行业的诉讼持乐观态度。他说，美国人正“变得更加意识到烟草不受保护（且符合公众利益）”，他认为我们正进入针对大型食品公司的“烟草审判时代”。

我访谈的法律和公共卫生专家认为，各城市和州采取行动是未来的希望。12 月，旧金山市检察官代表加利福尼亚州人民，对 Martinez 先生起诉的同一批 11 家食品公司提起了一场开创性的诉讼。该诉状主张，这些公司引发了一场影响大量人口并给医疗预算带来压力的公共卫生危机。（仅加利福尼亚州的糖尿病成本估计就达到了 470 亿美元 billion。）我认为其他同样面临成本飙升的司法管辖区也应效仿，提起自己的诉讼。

即便这些案件获得进展并赢得部分胜利，大型食品公司也不会轻易改变。但像 Martinez 先生这样的诉讼可以为立法者开启空间，迫使公司为了公众利益而行动，正如 Brandt 博士所言，将个人权利扩展到吸烟之外。这可能意味着征税、贴警告标签以及通过重新制定配方要求来减少不健康食品的消费，且至关重要的一点是——为健康选择提供补贴并改善获取途径。

如果司法管辖区采取行动，我们甚至可能在法律证据开示中学到一些东西。食品制造商关于儿童大脑的情况知道多少？又是如何吸引他们的？关于如何添加恰到好处的糖分，或者完美比例的某种刺激成分，以使人们无法停止进食，他们又了解多少？

在这个过程中，我们已经从烟草文件中知道了相关情况。菲利普莫里斯公司在 1993 年收购了卡夫公司，稍早前，R.J. 雷诺兹公司收购了主要的食品品牌并与纳贝司公司合并。烟草文件显示，烟草公司将其在口味优化、青少年营销和大脑化学方面的知识应用于超加工食品，以增加利润。

与早期的烟草原告不同，马丁内斯先生在孩童时期就生病了。他在一个并非由他购买杂货的家庭里，在一个并非由他设计的食品系统中生病。当他因胸痛出院后回到学校时，他面临着一种新的困境。他说，注射治疗让他感到尴尬，“这导致人们问他一些他并不总是想回答的问题。”

如今，他正以儿童般的执着地管理着自己的疾病，但在 20 岁时，他对未来感到担忧。他能否找到一份提供涵盖其医疗账单的健康保险的工作？当我问他希望自己在小时候了解关于食品的什么知识时，他说：“便利最终是有代价的。”

这可能仍然给消费者施加了太多压力。针对前食品药品监督管理局因未能像应对烟草危机那样处理而陷入欺诈指控的问题，一个疑问依然存在：在美国，究竟是谁的选择在驱动对超加工食品的需求？是消费者选择继续食用它们？还是食品公司选择维持公众对它们的依赖？

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纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

观点

你是个混蛋还是个傻瓜？

罗宾·吉山 (Robin Gishan)

一位独特的获奖时尚评论家，曾任《华盛顿邮报》高级特约评论员。

目前，人们对富人的喜爱并不多，同情心更是少之又少——而这完全是富人自己的错。当你可能在为医疗保险保费上涨而焦虑时，他们正花费 $100,000 进行面部优化，通过各种非手术类医美让自己焕然一新，并用金钱摆脱乘坐商业航班带来的愤怒感。

像许多其他人一样，我轻蔑地看待亿万富翁妻子的价值观，她们像拆除球一样摧毁文化和政治机构，同时放弃了“捐赠誓言”。现在，只要提到奢华，我就想吐槽，那些来自 The Row、售价 $1,050 的鞋子毫无低调可言，它们并不美，只是极其昂贵。在某种程度上，也许这就是为什么人们如此沉迷于剧集《你的朋友与邻居》(Your Friends & Neighbors) 的原因。这部剧讲述的是富人的故事，其演绎方式精妙，充满了细微差别和冷峻的幽默，但就目前的时代而言，它对那 1% 富人群体的抨击力度可能还不够狠。

当这部 Apple TV 系列剧在 2025, 年首播时，艾美奖投票者仅给它带来了一项主题音乐的提名。它没有获奖。网络上的保守评论一直在探讨，为什么这部探索美国阶层的剧集——一个以景观庄园为标志，对联盟机构捐款寥寥且心照不宣的阶层——会如此受欢迎。很大一部分蔑视指向了剧中虚构的小镇韦斯特米克村 (Westmeek Village) 的女性，这个小镇是西彻斯特县那些毫无特色的消费型城镇的缩影，并带有一丝康涅狄格州格林威治的色彩——在那里，每个人似乎都在奋斗、竞争、获胜，但依然觉得自己是个失败者。

今年，艾美奖投票者的表现好了一些。虽然他们未能为该剧的编剧或导演带来任何提名，但他们给了《你的朋友与邻居》一项最佳剧本提名——而它应该获奖。尽管该剧充满了令人向往的利益相关者，但它实际上是对这个国家顶层阶级渴望被看见的一种人性化刻画。

《你的朋友与邻居》围绕着安德鲁·库珀 (Andrew Cooper) 展开，他被简称为库普 (Coop)。演员用一种向前挺进的自信地扮演了这个角色——他像是那个毫不费力地散发魅力的唐·德雷珀 (Don Draper) 的一个不满的中年版本，长相传统且英俊，拥有一身为商业而生的躯体：一个由浸泡在鸡尾酒中的郊区生活所构成的、带有柔软外层的精选底色。

库普曾在对冲基金工作，客户训练他用钱生钱，直到一次与一名初级员工的一夜情终结了那段职业生涯。他的财富缺乏这个国家顶层人物的那种激情；无论是工业革命的重新估值还是科技带来的二元论，他都几乎没有参与。库普没有投资任何东西，也没有改善任何东西。他只是报酬丰厚，并生活在其他报酬同样丰厚的群体之中，人们通过竞争来积累财物。成为富人是很昂贵的；你必须跟上进度。

当库普失去工作后，他开始在这些同样的朋友和邻居之间游走，关注手表、艺术品和棒球卡，并开始买入。

有一段时间，库普享受扮演“操盘手”的角色——享受其中的相对轻松、回报，以及一种在那个他既厌恶又崇拜的傲慢社区中实施某种复仇的感觉。库普就像我们中的许多人一样，无论收入多少。我们总是对他人的经济成功充满自信。我们总认为，如果自己变富，会比那些真正富有的人做得更好——更有共情心，更热衷慈善，穿着更体面，心态更平衡。你认为自己不会只是一个随叫随到的工具，但当你意识到自己可能是房间里唯一一个体面的人时，这种感觉会让你觉得像个傻瓜。

《你的朋友与邻居》（Your Friends & Neighbors）让你陷入沉思。是否真的有东西能让人们在获得经济成功后发生转变？你能否在如此安全的情况下依然成为一个好人？难道只有怪胎和变色龙才对美国资本主义之梦抱有信心吗？这并非最令人振奋的故事线，但却是一个及时的探讨。毕竟，我们生活在爱泼斯坦阶层的自私交易时代，而美国总统去年赚了 125 亿美元 billion，通常是通过加密学校实现的。

在库普（Coop）早期的几次冒险中，他溜进邻居家中，拉开一个装满名表的抽屉，将每块表套在人类的手腕上，其优雅程度就像一个被绑在戒指上的大师。在旁白中，库普详细描述了这款手表：“这款百达翡丽鹦鹉螺采用了 20-karat 白金蓝色数字盘，防水深度达 20 米。”他用平淡的语调陈述这些技术细节，完全没有政客在说服顾客需要一块高性能手表去参加孩子的足球赛时会注入的那种浪漫感。人们真正需要知道的是，这款鹦鹉螺的价格将超过 $70,000。它之所以有价值，是因为它昂贵，而正确的人群知道它究竟有多昂贵。库普窃取这些荣耀之物可能是为了维持其社会经济地位，但他也利用了邻居们的贪婪、兴趣和不安，以此来管理他对那种有毒方式的看法。

那种怪物潜伏在我们每个人心中。我们虽然没有变成窃贼，但我们中很多人在样本特卖会、古着店和折扣清单中搜寻特定的品牌商品，以增强我们在自己生活中不得不扮演的角色特质。我们都在向往一种美国式的转变愿景，而这种愿景在我们每靠近一步时，都被特许经营到了触不可及的距离。

你是否真的能到达终点？我也曾认为基本需求得到了满足，但仍有其他忧虑。你希望自己准确地定义了幸福。你希望被看见，被认可，希望自己的价值超越与职业相关的美元符号。

库普的前妻米德（Mid，由阿曼达·波艾特饰演）在剧集的大部分时间里都在与围绝经期作斗争。她还与邻居发生了冲突，后者的袋子总是窥视着她的膝盖。在某个醉醺醺的夜晚，她计划推倒一名建筑工人的便携供应设备，使其倾覆在邻居背上，将其变成一个糟糕的蓝色沼泽。

“我请求这些人 20 million 次去看你的狗。‘为什么你要在你的院子里这么做？’他们一次又一次地无视我，”她在愤怒与沮丧中向库普解释道：

《你的朋友与邻居》让你思考：你真的能富有且同时成为一个好人吗？

“他们从未认真对待过我。他们让我觉得自己毫无价值。”

很少见到如此正义的、存在主义式的愤怒，能以如此宝贵的脆弱感表达出来。在她的情感碎片中，包含了宏大的问题、琐碎的问题和简单的观察——所有这一切都围绕着对“变得重要”的需求。如果库普在店里以一个白人男性的身份提出类似请求，他会被邻居无视吗？在那 120 多个像非暴力一样走来走去的模特中，会有人像平盘一样听到吗？（被视为不可见？）为什么她的邻居不履行他们的社会契约风险？

《你的朋友与邻居》已被续订第三季，它既不要求我们同情富人，也不在对他们的愤怒之火上浇油，而且它绝对不是像《我爱 Boomers》那样毫无约束的期待。因此，制片方告诉《纽约时报》：“我们正在讽刺一种价值观，但与此同时，我们也在让这部剧具有向往感。我们依然向你们展示那些跑车、豪宅和名表。”它花了大量时间提醒观众，金钱并非幸福的保证。（但该剧确实承认了一个悲哀的事实：拥有财务特权的悲伤要容易处理得多。）

美国人习惯性地追求地位。在我们的收入足以让我们过上舒适生活之后很久，我们依然在不断追逐尊重。

在第 2 季中一集关于库普（Coop）父亲去世的剧情里，这一现实被清晰地展现出来。葬礼结束后，库普发现了一对卡地亚（Cartier）袖扣，依然在原装盒子里，那是他送给父亲的。

“只有糟糕的人才会给一个经常逛布鲁克兄弟（Brooks Brothers）打折货架的人送卡地亚袖扣，”库普在旁白中说道。“我怀疑本·库珀（Ben Cooper）甚至没有一件需要用袖扣的衬衫。但那是他的生日，我想送他一件体面的东西。于是我买了一对 $4,000 的下垂式袖扣，而他似乎从未把它们从盒子里拿出来。”

“就像所有礼物一样，这件礼物反映出的关于赠送者而非接收者的信息更多，”库普说。“而我不喜欢它对我所说的话。”

第一次让库普意识到最广泛的，但被“看见”的，是我送给父亲的礼物。在他去世后，我整理了他的遗物，发现了一件我送给他的 10 件 Thomas Pink 衬衫之一，他从未穿过。它几乎原封不动地折叠在他一个梳妆抽屉里。我买的袖扣也穿在上面，固定在法式袖口里。我想他喜欢这件衬衫。我知道他保留它是因为这是我送的。

《你的朋友与邻居》（Your Friends & Neighbors）提出了一个问题：在追求美国梦的过程中，你如何避免成为一个混蛋或一个傻瓜？我们如此忙于确保我们的身份和成就不会从人们的视线中消失。如果我们足够幸运，生命中会有一些如此清晰地爱着我们的人——并非因为我们的成功，而是在于尽管我们成功了，他们依然爱着我们。

抵制在办公室穿短裤的诱惑

David Coggins

《男人与风格》及简报《大学》(The University) 作者

漫长而炎热的夏天会让男人产生各种想法。航海天气考验着我们的集体理智，就像空调在考验电网一样。同样的想法——我们大多将其归功于奥斯卡·王尔德、乔治·普林普顿或你的祖父——就是男人在办公室里穿短裤。是的，年轻一代已经废除了着装规范，但你真的想看到同事的心口之吻（heart's kisses）吗？

城市里的夏天是残酷的。你在周一早晨醒来，而一种强烈的节奏坚持认为情况只会变得更糟。当你被要求出现在办公室时，你可能会被一种职业上的反叛感所吞噬，尤其是如果你的老板正从他的乡村别墅里打电话过来。你给一位欧洲同事发了封邮件，结果她回信说她还要度假四周。

你的西装看起来格外不吸引人。也许你多年前就放弃了西装，但即使是你认为的“商务休闲装”也显得死板且陈旧。比起枯燥的通勤，你渴望自由、空气流通和散热。用简单的话说，你想在办公室穿短裤。

当然你想。短裤意味着休闲，短裤意味着金钱，短裤意味着愉悦。短裤不意味着在期限前赶工，不意味着进行工作交易，也不意味着编写季度报告。

但在办公室穿短裤的男人是在告诉所有人，他想在其他地方。即便他确实想在其他地方，也不能成为他的借口。我知道这是一个充满迫切需求的时代，但请重新考虑。

你知道谁在工作时穿短裤吗？世界杯裁判。他们的工作与我们截然不同。他们与顶尖运动员一起奔跑，结果却被在气候受控的演播室里、完全不流汗的视频官员推翻了错误决定。你知道谁在工作时不会穿短裤吗？任何处于权威地位的人。这就是为什么一个所谓的 James Cunarditis 音频组合在《The Suprause》中补充了他的弦乐，但给出了一个建议：千万不要穿短裤。

现在，对于所有不从事体育活动的人——虚假的会议参与者、Slack 发帖者、任何盯着 Excel 表格的人——请继续用长裤、斜纹布裤、卡其裤、小腿鞋或任何你喜欢的裤子覆盖你的腿。穿着短裤的男人无法主持会议。他无法发起动议或激发信心。短裤只属于百慕大那些警察，或者是 Wes Anderson 电影里的夏令营辅导员。

唐·德雷珀（Don Draper），那个世纪中叶马尔宝罗风格的典范，会在办公室穿短裤吗？当然不会。戈登·盖尔多夫（Gordon Gekko），企业掠夺者和早餐弃食者，在与他即将清算的公司的会议上穿短裤吗？不，他梳好背头，将背带扣好，凭借内部信息完成交易。那么《公寓》（The Apartment）中负责办公室部门的领导者 Jack Lemmon 呢？Brooks Brothers 风格的西装、衬衫、领带，以及对 Shirley Mail 的微笑。

从那时起，办公室发生了变化。你不再喝威士忌或伯本，你像在准备马拉松一样大量补水。你不再在 21 餐厅吃午餐，而是在 App 上点一份沙拉。是的，着装规范变得更随意了。我们接受这一点。我们远程办公。当我出现时，他们应该对我穿什么感到满意。好吧，办公室生活的一部分就是接受一定程度的从众，尽管这听起来很不快乐。不，这不是快速的，但你已经知道答案了。

这是一种肤浅、陈旧的思维方式吗？你认为衣服仅仅是自我表达，这一切都是随意的？那么请问问你自己，你会雇佣一个穿着短裤的律师吗？

外面可能很热，但男人绝不能屈服于露出膝盖的诱惑。

在法庭上穿着氨纶短裤。一名会计师或代理人出席会议时，看起来像是直接从加油站过来的。那种能力仍然至关重要——传达专业知识并给予保障。这就是为什么飞行员穿着制服的原因，如果你在登机桥上看向驾驶舱，发现飞行员穿着短裤、露出双腿并踩着蓝色人字拖，你一定会立刻转身离开。

但你可能会说，这些短裤很不错，而且是由一家名声显赫的公司制造的。在这种情况下，好吧，那太棒了——当然，你可以在穿着宽松服装、悠闲地活动手指并在午后享用午餐时这样穿，远离资本主义企业的强制要求。但今天你在城市里，在处理工作，并且可能在厌恶我们的生活。至少我们穿着长裤。

这个问题已经蔓延到了日本，这个上班族和企业一致性之国。在那里，“酷暑商务”（Cool Biz）计划旨在使办公室非正式化并节省空调费用。男性现在被允许露出膝盖。正如预期的那样，这进展并不顺利。日本新闻媒体描述女性在看到男性同事裸露的下肢时，产生了一种“nane-haze”——或者说“大坏帽之夏”的感觉。

我们的穿着会降低我们的地位，这就是为什么当本该懂礼数的年长男性试图穿得像跑步运动员一样时，会让人感到尴尬；这并不会让他们看起来更年轻——反而让他们看起来很绝望。如果你是一个在法国潜心临摹杰作、准备举办回顾展的艺术家，那么请尽管穿短裤。你甚至可以脱掉衬衫；像老波尔卡那样，将其视为你坚定气场的一部分。但如果你有一个提案会议，请重新考虑。

你可能会指向一个失败的例子：硅谷的男性之子，他自豪地穿着一件T恤和不合身的牛仔裤，且曾将乒乓球桌当成狗。这些衣服适合他。你问，为什么不适合我？好吧，如果你经营着一家公司，并且以某个名字闻名，那么你可以在办公室穿短裤。但请记住，当这些算法之王必须在国会面前作证时，他们依然穿着西装打着领带地出现并否认违规行为。

是的，衣服依然很重要。这是一个过时的观念，但话又说回来，长裤也是一样。

CONDITION OF BEE

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纽约时报，星期日，8月 2, 2026

38 11

观点

社论

如何保护美国在人工智能竞赛中的领先地位

编辑委员会

这是一个由观点记者组成的团体，其观点基于专业知识、研究、辩论以及某些长期坚持的价值观。该团体独立于新闻编辑部。

美国人经常听说中国在包括清洁能源、电动汽车和无人机在内的新兴技术制造领域已经超越了美国。半导体是一个重要的例外。通过与欧洲和亚洲盟友的合作，美国人制造出了世界上最好的计算机芯片。

这些芯片对美国的经济和国家安全至关重要。它们支撑了世界领先科技公司的发展，并使军方能够制造先进武器。随着人工智能的出现，这些芯片变得更加重要。它们是驱动先进 A.I. 模型的引擎。

中国正在努力追赶，美国应当采取措施以保持其优势。最重要的是，美国应继续禁止美国公司向中国出售最先进的芯片和设备。在过去的十年中，两党总统一直与国会合作实施出口管制。Anthropic 的首席执行官 Data's dreads 表示，这些管制具有“决定性的重要意义”。

然而，在最近的任期内，特朗普总统采取了相反的方向，他放宽了对某些先进半导体的管制，并暗示可能会进一步放宽。制造最先进芯片的美国公司 Nvidia 一直在游说以获得向中国销售更多产品的能力，并且可能会继续施压。然而，这是一个典型的公司利益与国家利益相悖的案例。

Anthropic 推出的新 A.I. 模型 Mythos 清楚地证明了，为什么美国在人工智能竞赛中保持领先地位如此重要。

Mythos 功能如此强大，以至于许多专家认为它对政府、公司和个人构成了网络安全威胁。黑客可能会利用它来渗透银行、税务部门、电网和通信网络。然而，作为回应，Anthropic 已向部分政府机构和少数公司发布了 Mythos，让他们有机会了解自己的漏洞并加强防御。Firefox 网页浏览器的开发人员表示，在 Mythos 的帮助下，他们在一个月内发现的安全漏洞比 2025 全年发现的还要多。

有新迹象表明，一家中国公司率先获得了一个类似于 Mythos 的模型。在过去的十年中，与中国相关的黑客已经入侵了美国政府、微软、一家大型健康保险公司和一家主要信用机构的计算机系统。一个名为 Vail Typhoon 的黑客组织曾试图在美制水利和电力系统中安装软件，以便中国能够破坏这些系统。Mythos 可能会扩大这些行动，而这些行动最终服务于中国共产党的总体目标。

中美之间的人工智能竞赛差距近期有所缩小。7 月 16, 一家中国初创公司 Maundum A.I. 发布了一个模型，在某些能力上与 Anthropic 最好的公开模型相当，尽管整体上仍落后。令人不安的是，现任白宫科学顾问 Michael Kratsios 指责 Maundum 在开发新模型的过程中，在泰国非法获取了 Nvidia 的技术。

中国在半导体竞赛中拥有两个优势：比美国拥有更多的人口（包括科学家）；以及得益于能源基础设施的快速建设，为数据中心提供了充足的电力。芯片是中国的主要瓶颈。其最好的半导体产品仍然远落后于 Nvidia。

美国已经制造出了自己的“史普尼科（Sputnik）”时刻。我们不应将其浪费。

目前公开可得的最佳芯片系列，不仅领先于 Blackwell，甚至超过了英伟达次强大的 H3N 系列。这一差距既体现了美国的科学能力，也体现了联邦政策的成功。特朗普先生对此成功应承担部分功劳。在他的第一个任期内，他对中国实施了新的出口管制。乔·拜登总统则显著加强了这些管制。国会两党成员均支持这些行动，而一些众议院共和党人甚至批评拜登先生过于软弱。

中国的领导层和技术高管深知这些出口管制的成效。“钱对我们来说从来不是问题，”中国最先进的人工智能公司之一 DeepSeek 的首席执行官梁伟东表示，“先进芯片的货源才是问题。”中国国务院总理李强同样承认，“算力和芯片供应不足”正减缓人工智能的发展。

英伟达及其他出口管制的批评者提出了一个毫无益处的反论。他们声称，该政策会促使中国建立自己的半导体产业，而不是继续依赖美国的芯片。但中国的领导层显然意识到发展自身产业的重要性。他们缺乏的不是动力，而是技术能力。如果如他们所愿，向他们提供世界上最先进的芯片，将增强他们开发自身服务及更多领域的能力。

一些类比揭示了这一反论的弱点。在冷战期间，华盛顿并没有向苏联提供核技术，以防止其增加自身的武器库。同样，美国如今也不会与中国分享其他形式的最先进且关键的技术。在此类武器系统中，即便这样做能增加制造这些技术的美国公司的销售额，美国也不会这样做。

幸运的是，特朗普先生对美国政策的软化尚未产生显著的现实影响。他已允许中国购买 H2N9 芯片（英伟达的第二高性能系列），但目前尚未完成任何销售。中国似乎在坚持要求获得顶级系列的访问权限，且美国官员仍需逐笔审批每项销售。

未来的最佳政策应该是加强管制。监管机构应避免批准任何 H2N9 的请求，除非他们确信 H2N9 不会增强中国的人工智能能力。特朗普政府应维持对十五级销售的禁令，并将其扩展到下一代芯片（即 Rubin）。

政府还应修复中国偶尔用来规避管制的漏洞。其中一个例子是在不面临出口管制的国家（如马来西亚和新加坡）建设拥有先进芯片的数据中心。政府应与国会合作，增加工业和安全局的预算和人员，以严密追踪美国制造的芯片。

此外，特朗普政府应停止其对美国盟友的破坏性做法。这个国家的半导体优势依赖于一个复杂的供应网络，涉及日本、纽约、荷兰、韩国和台湾。如果没有这些合作伙伴，美国将缺乏将创新的美国设计转化为实际产品的能力。

在国家陷入低谷的时刻，美国人可以为我们世界领先的半导体感到自豪。在冷战期间，美国在太空竞赛中落后于苏联，需要 1857 年史普尼克号（Sputnik）的发射来激励反击。看待那场竞赛的另一种方式是，苏联将领先地位视为理所当然，从而失去了它。

这一次，美国创造了自己的“史普尼克”。我们不应将其浪费。

社论

让城市孩子游泳，以及更多

编辑委员会

这是一个由观点记者组成的团队，其观点基于专业知识、研究、辩论和某些长期坚持的价值观。该委员会独立于新闻编辑部。

当弗兰·卡洛斯·加利西亚-桑切斯（Fran Carlos Galicia-Sanchez）离开布朗克斯区前往他的第一个指定营地时，他拿着一个培根鸡蛋奶酪三明治在巴士上不安地坐着。当时的弗兰·卡洛斯 11 岁，三明治只吃了一半，他就突然产生了一个令他惊恐的念头：“如果他们不给我们提供食物怎么办？”担心营员们可能得自己觅食，他将另一半三明治塞进了背包里。

营地确实提供了食物，而且远不止于此。弗兰·卡洛斯被安置在一个拥有专属辅导员和木屋护士的营地村庄中。他结交了朋友，与他们一起踢足球，在花园里给植物浇水。他唱着销售歌曲，并参加了一场全营范围的游戏，营员们潜入竞争对手的木屋中窃取水球。

弗兰·卡洛斯一直喜欢去当地的公共泳池，但当他在营地尝试游泳时，他被分配到了一个真实的腕带，代表最低的技能等级。在营员中，面临这种挣扎的情况很常见。大量纽约市的青少年不会游泳，而在布朗克斯区的儿童中，这一比例更高。

弗兰·卡洛斯在营地接受了第一次游泳课程，该营地由新鲜空气基金会（Fresh Air Fund）运营，这是一个服务于纽约市儿童和青少年的非营利组织。当他回到城市家中时，他在公共泳池练习这些技巧，并在几年的时间里加入了一个娱乐中心。几年后，他以辅导员和救生员的身份回到了新鲜空气基金会，在另一个营地——初级营（Camp Junior）工作。今年夏天，现年 26 岁的弗兰·卡洛斯担任该营地的水滨主管，监督所有救生员，并继续教授游泳。

无形之中，营员们在无屏幕的环境中茁壮成长，在那里他们可以成为一个团体，学习弹吉他或与朋友一起攀登高绳。辅导员们也从中受益。弗兰·卡洛斯说，他的屏幕使用时间从每天 18 小时下降到了每天三小时。

弗兰·卡洛斯的监督者注意到他能够将营地团聚和课程转化为其他形式。用他的第一笔薪水，他买了一个扬声器，这样在营员们刷牙时，他可以播放他们最喜欢的歌曲。在湖边，他创造了像“剑鱼、海马、美人鱼、海王”这样的游戏，通过模仿不同的海洋生物，帮助营员们在水中感到舒适。随着他们从原始瀑布等级晋升到区域等级——他们的腕带依次变为红色、蓝色、蓝色，然后是黄色——他们往往像他多年前那样兴奋。“他们总是对自己感到惊讶，”他说，“这就是他们真正讨论的所有话题。”他们感谢弗兰·卡洛斯的教导，而弗兰·卡洛斯回答道：“那是你们自己做到的。是你们的功劳。”

将一名儿童送到新鲜空气基金会营地参加为期两周的课程需要 $2,000。任何金额的捐款都将帮助更多孩子体验夏令营的快乐与发现。该基金会希望今年筹集 $12 million。

关于新鲜空气基金会的更多信息以及如何进行可抵税捐赠，请访问 ProResurvey。捐款也可邮寄至：Fresh Air Fund, 432 Third Avenue, 14th Floor, New York, N.Y. 10017. 想要为孩子报名参加营地的家庭可以访问 ProResurvey 或拨打新鲜空气基金会免付费电话 888-367-9001。

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12 58

纽约时报，星期日，AUGUST 2, 2016

观点

我停止了说话，终于开始倾听

鲍里斯·菲什曼 (Boris Fishman)

一名小说家，其最新作品为《无忧者》(The Unwarried)。

就像许多人的经历一样，我的 30 多岁是充满挚爱之成就的十年：婚姻、孩子、职业冒险（见于两本小说的出版和一份教学工作）。然而，这一切都无法安定下来。我与妻子的关系举步维艰。为人父母有时是“纯粹的喜悦与奔波”。小说虽获得评论界赞赏，但销量平平；而教学工作的地点距离我妻子想要居住的地方有 1,500 英里。

我不知道什么能有所帮助，但我知道什么没用：那就是不停地谈论它。

我在心理治疗中进进出出二十年，获得了一些见解，但几乎没有转变。我和妻子尝试的伴侣治疗也是如此。我还觉得，自从孩提时代从苏联移民过来后，我一直在进行某种有害的倾诉。在美国，英语变成了一种危险的工具，用来说服精英机构给我那些长辈们认为重要的事情：认可、机会、资金、就业。我作为苏联儿童的羞怯变成了厚颜无耻，随后变成了多话。我喋喋不休，人们鼓掌，大门……

从未如此长久地与自己独处。这次静修营始于 1947 年，由两位朋友创立：一名是渴望践行耶稣“到旷野去祷告”之指令的民权倡导者费伊·基 (Fay Key)，另一名是卫理公会牧师史蒂夫·鲍灵顿 (Steve Ballington)。抵达时，我看到一座小教堂和几栋简朴的住宅，周围环绕着大豆田和干草地。这是一个淋浴喷头不直、公共杏仁酱罐上留有每一把使用过的勺子痕迹的地方，一个与环境一样朴素的避难所。“没有雄伟的山脉，没有咆哮的大海，”费伊曾在回忆录中写道，“我有时说，这里除了上帝什么也没有。”

我被安排在一栋单间小屋里，旁边是一尊圣方济各像和一片由甜荚蒾和……构成的低地。屋里有一张双人床，一个壁挂式丙烷加热器和一个小型马桶着。唯一的声音是山核桃敲击屋顶的砰砰声。我交出了笔记本电脑和手机，突然之间，我无事可做。我决定去室外，由于佐治亚州即便在冬季天气也十分宽厚，我在大豆田里散步。绕完一圈后，我继续走。我想更多地感受土壤和阳光，于是脱掉了鞋子和衬衫。也许是因为我终于停止了说话，我听到了鸟鸣。有一次，我站在一棵被飓风海伦 (Hurricane Helene) 摧毁的橡树上，它的树皮像史前动物的鳞片，我就那样审视着存在。

我正在重新发现物理世界——原来所有人所说的“活在当下”就是这个意思。没有任何物体卑微到不能传递其存在的荣光。路过一辆古老的丰田卡罗拉 (Toyota Corolla) 时，我想：“那个方向盘坚实而真实。”上一次我产生这种想法时，还是个处于深度药物亢奋状态的大学生——也就是说，那时我更容易洞察事物的本质。我想起为什么我总告诉学生，在小说中，“具体性”是神圣的。那一周，我与自己相对，在静默中坐了比我想象中更久的时间。“生长之律已撕裂，”正如英国教会艺术家卡里尔·洪斯兰德 (Caryll Hounslander) 曾经写道的那样。

在外界，我总是专注于下一步行动。而在这里，只需极少的事情就能让人不仅感到满足，甚至感到狂喜：以祷告和阅读结束的简单餐食；在安静与温暖中漫步的田野；被问候时所感受到的真诚；当我敢于诚实回答时所获得的接纳（在静修营中，用餐时间基本保持沉默——安静是默认状态——但并不禁止交流）。在职业生活中时而存在的交易性质，以及我们所有人都显得如此忙碌的情况下，已经很久没有人这样直视我……

继续进行，如果他们曾经这样做过的话。

去年12月，我第二次回到了那个静修所。尽管效果没有那么具有心理启发性，但我仍感激这段喘息之机。一个下午，奥利弗和我沿着大豆田散步。那年的冬天更冷，阳光更刺眼。同样，我是在待至期（Advent）期间在那里的，用史蒂夫的话说，那是“一个等待的季节”。在经历了一整天的沉默后，说话感觉就像是通过另一个人的声音在交流。

“你知道，在那儿的人并不是仙女，”奥利弗不知怎么地突然说道，并指向那栋20世纪20年代的佃农农舍，静修的所有人都在那里用餐。“但他们都是好人。”他的意思是，很少有来静修的人是为了追求公众赞誉。他们并非没有挣扎和疑问。但他们是天赋异禀的人，且这种天赋往往是他人所不具备的，他们寻求创造一个更好的世界。

回到小屋后，我读到了奥利弗写的一本回忆录的片段，其中有关于“无需成为任何特殊之人的孩子”以及“学习成为自我的艺术”的句子。这个问题从我作为一个移民孩子接触到那个完全非苏联式的信条——“成为你自己”的那一刻起，就让我感到困惑。当这个国家是为重新——

机遇开启。我在内心深处很少感到自在，但我享受一种表面上的抵达感。

然后是那种仅仅作为美国人的嘈杂感。（关于这个主题几乎没有任何评论，但我认为，我想了那么一会儿。）社交媒体的存在是为了让我们恐惧安静与孤独。我的手机已经变成了一根后现代的冰毒烟管：我知道它在杀死我，但我无法放下它。我觉得自己知道我拥有这种嘈杂。但那是我唯一知道如何应对的方式。

所以，两年前，当一个熟人向我提到她每年都会去一次静修所时，我谨慎地询问了细节。那是某种健康类的活动吗？有瑜伽吗？她说，那与奢华完全相反：一个位于佐治亚州中部的经济型基督徒沉思社区，拥有修道院宿舍、静默用餐和每日祷告，每晚 $60。它甚至没有网站。

我不是基督徒，但我当时很绝望；我写信给该社区的一位修道兄长奥利弗·费拉里，我们约定在那个12月的几天时间前往。随着日期的临近，我对这种不明确的释放之 prospect 感到兴奋，但随即转为恐惧。我曾

治疗给了我洞察力，而非转变。然后我尝试了静修。

像费伊、史蒂夫和奥利弗那样，直接地注视着眼睛。

在由修道院的沉默、电子设备的脱离以及真诚的同情心所创造的自我荒原中，突然间看来很清晰，她仅仅是一个值得信赖的人。她是爱。我想赶紧回家，向我的孩子们、我的妻子，以及给了我除却他们无法给予之外所有一切的父母表达爱。无论我参观过多少个礼拜场所，它们都没有让我对上帝的关注产生任何意义。

我带着欣快地更新自我的意图回到了家。但在静修所之外，我无法让静修的教训生效，在那里我再次被技术、父母职责和婚姻不和所压倒。我的关系恶化了。一部我认为是我最好的新小说失败了，甚至在评论界也受挫。像我的所有小说一样，它探讨的是我们某些人内心携带的多种身份之间无法调和的问题。静修向我展示了这些身份终究是可以调和的；也许阅读公众在等待我领悟这个教训。无论如何，我感觉我的语言超能力已经离开了。我长期试图通过让他们惊叹而构建的虚拟法官们，不再是——

创造与追求，而你关心的人似乎只有在你变成另一个人的时候才想要你？

答案需要时间——只有在那些制造时间的买家世界里，事情才会瞬间发生——这与那个下午的形态一致。我必须鼓起勇气，放弃一个移民关于归属感的虚假梦想。没有人应该为了寻找社区而如此辛苦。我当时很高兴能获得这个奖学金，以至于过了很长时间才意识到它是虚假的。我永远无法融入那些我多年来一直试图让自己变得更好的群体之中。我的寄居之所在别处，即便我尚未发现具体在何方。

我从静修营回来时，带回了给孩子们的租赁小棚屋，那是费（Fay）送的礼物。当他们长大后，我会给他们读她的书：“每个小型修道社区接下来的任务，就是伫立在废墟之中并怀揣梦想。”如果他们感到迷茫，我希望我能在他们身边告诉他们，这可能需要时间，但只要心存善念，伙伴真诚，这也许意味着他们终于在寻找方向的路上了。他们只需要静下心来，这样才能更好地听到自己的内心。

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5 极简生活

甚至建筑师也说 这几乎是不可能的。

4 现代扩建

玻璃砖为一座历史悠久的 TrilSeCa建筑提供了解决方案。

3 作家避风港

在锡拉丘兹，白雪纷飞， 但文字依然流淌。

4 绘画

私人户外空间是 她唯一想要的设施。

业主 / 租客 / 翻新者

房地产

纽约时报

JUNISAS，2020年8月3日

这艘长 143 英尺的豪华船只“Hemisphere”号，在 2024 年之前曾是最大的航行通勤船。

由纽约时报转载

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2

RE 10

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

150

杯滴滤咖啡

10

名咖啡因充足的 内部测试员

2

个月对咖啡渣的 仔细研究

一种

让每一口 都值得细品的 简单方法

在 nytimes.com / hellowirecutter 探索数千件产品的独立评测

作者：Joe Berk-Evers Wirecutter

作者：Joe Berk-Evers

烹饪

让忙碌的早晨 不再那么匆忙。

牛油果

吐司 水果 奶昔 帕玛森 蛋 奇亚 籽布丁

探索食谱系列，如 “10 分钟或更短时间的早餐”。 nytcooking.com

计算器 寻找快乐

微笑吧！你就住在 here。

根据 WalletHub 最近的一项研究，你的“快乐之地”实际上可能就标在地图上。

这项于 3 月发布的研究根据三个类别的 29 项标准，对 182 个美国最大城市进行了幸福感排名：情感与生理健康；收入与就业；以及社区与环境。数据来源于美国人口普查局、劳工统计局、联邦调查局（F.B.I.）、疾病控制与预防中心、其他公共和私人来源，以及 WalletHub 自己的研究。

在所有数据处理完毕后，位于旧金山湾东南部岸边的加利福尼亚州弗里蒙特市（Fremont, Calif.）脱颖而出，位居之首。该市的健康评分最高，且居民经历抑郁症的比例最低，排名第七。

“弗里蒙特非常适合步行，天气通常很不错，体育参与度高，平均预期寿命几乎为 82 岁，这意味着住在那里的人倾向于留下，”WalletHub 分析师 Chip Lupo 说道。“他们不会在 65 岁时搬到佛罗里达州。”

虽然人们常说金钱买不到幸福，但该研究承认了财务安全的益处。尽管弗里蒙特在就业和收入类别的排名仅为 60 位，但其 80% 的家庭收入超过 $73,000，足以舒适地支付食物、住所、教育和应急等基本需求。

有趣的是，美国五个最幸福的城市中，有两个也是最寒冷的城市：北达科他州的俾斯麦（Bismarck）和法戈（Fargo）。得益于其“强大的”社区与环境类别，俾斯麦在该项调查中名列前茅。

你的快乐之地？

根据 WallatHub 的一项研究，以下是排名最快乐的 10 个城市和最不快乐的 10 个城市，以及对这些排名影响最大的类别。

最快乐

1. 弗里蒙特, 加利福尼亚州 情感与身体健康

2. 俾斯麦, 北达科他州 社区与环境

3. 斯科茨代尔, 亚利桑那州 社区与环境

4. 南伯灵顿, 佛蒙特州 情感与身体健康

5. 法戈, 北达科他州

6. 欧弗兰帕克, 堪萨斯州

7. 查尔斯顿, 南卡罗来纳州

8. 尔湾, 加利福尼亚州

9. 吉尔伯特, 亚利桑那州

10. 圣何塞, 加利福尼亚州

来源：WallatHub

最不快乐

183. 底特律 收入与就业

184. 孟菲斯 收入与就业

185. 什里夫波特, 路易斯安那州

186. 克利夫兰

187. 亨廷顿, 西弗吉尼亚州

188. 托莱多, 俄亥俄州

189. 奥古斯塔, 乔治亚州

190. 史密斯堡, 阿肯色州

191. 多佛, 特拉华州

192. 艾克伦, 俄亥俄州

来源：WallatHub

研究表明，居民中的满足感和连接感，促成了整体的生活质量。那里的人们还投入大量时间在休闲活动上，并利用广阔的开放空间。

“这里不像纽约市或华盛顿等大都市那样充满竞争和冲突，”Lupo 先生说道。“因此，居民有更多机会放松身心，与家人共度时光，并专注于个人爱好或兴趣。” ANNEXA HOWELL

咨询房地产法律

在与邻居的纠纷中，

房主的权利是什么？

我在纽约市拥有一栋单户住宅。隔壁的公寓楼地下室有一个非法单元，我们共用一条铺砌的小巷。邻居房主抱怨地下室公寓被淹，因为他那一侧小巷的排水管无法正常工作。他告诉我，他打算堵住排水管，重新规划小巷的坡度，并将所有水通过小巷排到街道上——这将冲毁我们的草坪。如果我们不同意与他一起重新规划小巷，他将把他的那一侧垫高，将所有水从地下室引向我们的房子。我们的权利是什么？

你的邻居不能通过将水引向你的财产或无视城市法律来解决他的问题。布鲁克林律师迈克尔·纳克兹南（Michael Nacznan）表示，城市法规要求业主保持其财产处于安全且符合规范的状态，这可以说也包括排水管。

为了合法地进行这项工程，他在开展任何工作之前，很可能必须提交规划并获得许可证。纳克兹南先生说，这意味着需要通过检查契据、测量图和地役权来确定是否需要两名业主的同意。如果工程需要临时进入你的财产而你不同意，你要意识到，根据州法律，你的邻居可能会起诉你，但法律不允许你的邻居擅自更改你的财产。

记录所有情况。拍摄带有时间戳的照片，包括目前的状况。查看契据或任何地役权，以确认各项产权归属。纳克兹南先生说，你可以以书面形式对该工程提出反对，如果工程开始，请立即拨打 311。

根据工程范围及其发生的位置，这场冲突至少在部分程度上可能属于产权线纠纷，这属于民事案件。

纽约市建筑局新闻秘书安德鲁·布丹斯基（Andrew Budansky）表示：“然而，即使拟议的工程完全在邻居的院子里，邻居也不允许以会导致雨水流向任何相邻财产的方式更改其财产。”

此外，城市行政法规第 39 卷关于平整土地或更改表面积的许可证要求也可能适用于此处，尤其是在影响现有排水系统的情况下。

我们的雇主提示：发生水灾的非法地下室公寓可能会造成致命情况，应向 311 举报。 JILL TURNER KAHOS

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纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

N M. 3

房产市场

HEATHER SENISON

摄影：ELMER C. LEE, LITTLETON CITY / STAFF / NEWS, 8 / 2 / 27

格雷特内克殖民地风格住宅 (GREAT NECK COLONIAL)

$2,295,000

纳索县 (NASSAU) Woolsey Lane 134号 一套四卧室、两间半浴室的房屋，设有双门入口；一个带有天窗、岛台并设有通往后院玻璃滑门的开放式厨房；一间主卧套房，一个完工的地下室；以及一个单车位附属车库，占地 0.23 英亩。Deborah Harkhman, Daniel Gale Sotheby's International Realty; sothebyorealty.com

税费：每年 $25,307

优点：该物业距离格雷特内克长岛铁路车站约一英里。后方设有平台、露台和精美的景观美化。客厅内有一个壁炉。

缺点：后院未完全封闭。主卧套房的浴室相当小。

摄影：KATHLEEN HARRISON

米尔顿三卧室住宅 (MILTON THREE-BEDROOM)

$849,000

费尔菲尔德 (FAIRFIELD) Church Street 23号 一套三卧室、一间半浴室、面积 1,612 平方英尺的住宅，被列入国家历史遗迹名录，拥有宽木地板、柴火炉、烘烤区、天窗厨房、露台，以及一个 1.48 英亩的景观庭院（该庭院是国家认证的野生动物栖息地）。Michael Ferguson, Douglas Elliman, eliman.com

税费：每年 $9,875

优点：房屋位于 Witter 历史区 6，靠近 7 号公路、大都会北铁路 (Metro-North Railroad) 以及 Witter 和 Ridgefield 的市中心。阁楼和未完工的地下室提供了充足的储物空间。

缺点：主卧缺少套房浴室。没有车库。

补充报道：ALICIA HAFNIRKIN / SEI 和 CLAUDIA GRYNATZ / OPQYIN

鉴于当前市场的实时性，部分房产在出版时可能已不再供应。

上西区复式公寓 (UPPER WEST SIDE DUPLEX)

$1,500,000

曼哈顿 (MANHATTAN) West 85th Street 76号 30室

一套两卧室、两浴室、面积约为 952 平方英尺的单元，拥有窗户厨房、步入式衣帽间、洗衣机 / 烘干机和两个屋顶露台。该单元位于一座建于 1880 年的六层建筑的两层内，并配有虚拟对讲机。Michael Moser 和 Jonathan Schupak, Sotheby's; sothebyorealty.com

共管费：每月 $880；税费：每月 $1,002

优点：拥有优美的城市景观，且靠近中央公园。第二层设有办公室空间。销售时可包含一个便携式隔音室。

缺点：其中一个露台紧邻共享屋顶露台且缺乏围栏。

上东区一卧室公寓 (UPPER EAST SIDE ONE-BEDROOM)

$825,000

曼哈顿 (MANHATTAN) East 80th Street 510号 26室

一套经过翻新的一卧室、一浴室、面积 708 平方英尺的公寓，配有 PTAC 暖气和空调。位于一座 10 层门童服务大楼的第三层，大楼设有共享洗衣房、公共车库和屋顶露台。Evite LaBasse 和 Charles Holmes, Coldwell Banker Warburg; cbwarburg.com

共管费：每月 $1,250；税费：每月 $740；每月分摊款：$218 直至 2029 年 7 月

优点：卧室有充足的衣橱。

缺点：景观一般。大楼距离最近的地铁站约 10 分钟步行路程。

摄影：KATHLEEN HARRISON, 8 / 2 / 26

格林点双家庭住宅 (GREENPOINT TWO-FAMILY HOME)

$2,150,000

布鲁克林 (BROOKLYN) Monitor Street 216号

一套四卧室、两浴室、面积 1,788 平方英尺的洒水 / 调度房，上方为一个一卧室、一浴室单元，下方为一个三卧室、一浴室复式单元。复式单元拥有开放式厨房、客厅、带窗浴室、洗衣机 / 烘干机和后院。Ingo Wapnke, Bend New York; bendnewyork.com

税费：每年 $6,144

优点：后院完全封闭。位于 Mige, McDanick 公园街区上方。

缺点：复式单元的底层没有浴室。最近的地铁站是 12 号线，约 15 分钟步行路程。

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4 88 »

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

为了提升一座 TrifleCa 建筑的外观，一个玻璃砖扩建方案起到了作用。

作者：JOYCE CHIKIN

50 Hudson Street 仅有三层楼高，长期以来在下曼哈顿的邻里中显得格格不入，在当地坚实的街道墙体中显得十分古怪。

“它就像是这个街区缺失的真相，”20 年前买下这座被忽视的砖结构商业建筑的 Eric Schlagman 说道。他与合伙人 Miriam Rothstein 共同花了三年时间对其进行修复，但建筑仍然显得太矮。而分区规划允许增加两层楼。

尽管该建筑位于 TrifleCa West 历史区——Schlagman 先生表示，“几乎每一位保护主义者、历史学家和建筑师都说获得批准的可能性极低”——但这对夫妇最终成功对其进行了重新设计，增加了一个独特的玻璃砖顶部。

在过去的四年里，50 Hudson Street一直被黑色防水布覆盖，直到罗斯福日（Roosevelt Day）周末前才终于揭幕。地标保护委员会（Landmarks Preservation Commission）在许可证中写道，这种现代玻璃砖“以一种有趣的材质感，使这座历史建筑依然清晰可辨”。

曾向地标保护委员会支持该玻璃扩建方案的建筑师及前市首席城市设计师 Alexandros Waltham 表示：“你可以将玻璃视作一种砖块——因为它既坚固又透明。这是一个不同寻常的项目，我很高兴他们敢于尝试。这确实能给建筑带来新生。”

该建筑建于 1935 年，由 William F. Hammond 设计，最初作为纸商 John F. Early 公司的办公室和仓库。Schlagman 先生说：“在建筑的规划图中，一楼是纸张销售员。”

1992 年的 TrifleCa West 历史报告宣称，该建筑具有“早期中心商业建筑特有的大胆、直接的风格”。

这次翻新“美得令人发指”

区域指定报告。

当施拉格曼先生（Mr. Schlagman）和罗斯坦女士（Ms. Rothstein）买下这栋建筑时，它已破旧不堪且布满涂鸦。窗户要么缺失，要么被卡死在原位；有一棵树从其中一扇窗户中生长出来。地下室积水严重。“你甚至可以在那里划船，”施拉格曼先生说。当时的翻新工作包括重新安置电梯、地下室防水以及降低部分窗台高度。

“20世纪20年代的仓库并不太追求人工照明，”他说。“他们开设窗户纯粹是为了在室内能看清在做什么。窗台的高度在下巴位置，这在仓库中很常见，因为”

位于哈德逊街 50 号（50 Hudson Street）的这座建筑在早年时期（右上图）看起来截然不同。我们的世纪见证了它。开发商埃里克·施拉格曼（Eric Schlagman，上图）致力于采用创意玻璃砖解决方案（左上图）。该扩建部分所使用的玻璃经过了一年的设计和测试。

“这样你就可以沿着周边墙壁存放物品。但如果剥夺一个孩子欣赏杜安公园（Duane Park）的视野——那是特莱夫卡（TrifleCa）中心一个迷人的广场——那真是太可惜了，所以降低窗台起到了很大作用。”

该建筑随后被用于商业和零售。但施拉格曼先生心中一直渴望着某种宏伟的构想。大约十二年前，他制定了一项在建筑顶部增加匹配砖墙的计划。随后，他找到了他的建筑师蒂埃里·德斯庞特（Thierry Despont），后者曾参与自由女神像的修复工作，且就住在附近。

该设计被地标保护委员会（Landmarks Preservation Commission）否决，但委员会仍邀请开发商带着修改后的计划重新提交。“我们团队的大多数人在离开房间时都感到非常沮丧，”施拉格曼先生说。“只有蒂埃里和我发现了我们想要的东西：即扩建是可能的。”

他说，他们带着重新设计的方案回来了，这一次倾向于对比而非匹配。方案采用了玻璃砖，其理念在于它们能同时传达出厚重感与轻盈感。这种玻璃的灵感来自 Bar Cyrk 内部的玻璃饰面，该店曾占据该建筑一层零售空间的一部分。

根据施拉格曼先生的描述，当蒂埃里看到玻璃时，他用他那法国口音说道：“这美得令人发指”（This is disgustingly beautiful）。地标保护委员会批准了新设计，并在文件中写道，“一个可见的、具有冲击力的扩建部分不会损害街道景观”，尽管在被宣布为历史保护区的地段，此类扩建通常必须在街道上不可见。

“保护工作是有周期的，”施拉格曼先生说。“如果他们允许扩建，他们通常希望看到匹配，但当钟摆向另一端摆动时，他们想看到一些能够参考并补充原建筑，但又必须是特殊的东西。地标保护委员会想要一个脱离原貌但又不抄袭原貌的设计。顶部如此美妙地镜像了底部。”

玻璃砖很沉，原结构需要支撑其重量。因此，首先需要设计和测试玻璃，原屋顶的下方则使用了钢材加固。

施拉格曼先生说，这座建筑现在是“最好的”。“就像在看抛光的晶体。玻璃砖并不常见。当阳光照射时，它会折射出彩虹。”随着太阳在天空移动，砖块在一天之中会变换颜色。

建筑师沃尔瑟姆先生（Mr. Waltham）表示，人们观察这座建筑时会发现它毫无疑问地在变化：“它不会在两次观察中看起来完全一样。我认为人们会不断回来观看它，将其视为第一信号。”

由于旅行疫情的影响，该建筑工程一度中断，并在经历了德斯庞特先生、结构工程师安东尼·戈曼以及另一位建筑师史蒂文·雅各布森相继去世后才继续推进。“我们无法以自己的方式分享这个项目，这令我们深感悲伤，”施拉格曼先生说道。

虽然该社区许多原有的商业建筑已被改造为住宅公寓，但他表示：“我们更喜欢精品办公室市场。”该建筑由建筑师设计，特别包括零售销售区域、一个车库、四层商业楼层以及一套带有玻璃砖女儿墙露台的顶层住宅。

施拉格曼先生原以为自己会因为增加现代元素而受到批评，但相反地，“人们给了我极其热烈的反应，”他说道。“听到这些很高兴。这让你觉得所有的努力都是值得的。”

寻屋记

她很满意在皇后区的租屋，但渴望拥有一片户外空间

凭借 $650,000, 的预算，一名阿斯托里亚居民希望在公园和地铁站附近安家。

作者：JOYCE CHIKIN

克里斯蒂娜·哈克（Kristina Hacker）在皇后区阿斯托里亚（Astoria）住过七年。七年来，她每月支付约 51,600 的租金，租住在前老板家人拥有的一栋住宅的顶层。她的公寓有一个很小的卧室，被她用作办公室。

她热爱这个社区的便利，这里步行可达，且靠近她经常去跑步的阿斯托里亚公园（Astoria Park）。她乘坐 9 号或 10 号线，从阿斯托里亚-迪南特大道（Astoria-Ditnant Boulevard）站前往她在纳什维尔中心（Nashville for Center）从事营销工作的办公室。

“我原以为除非生活中发生重大变故，否则我永远不会搬离那个租住房，”她说，“我在那里非常开心。”

尽管如此，她说，“拥有房产的感觉是不同的”。哈克女士担心局面超出自己的控制。她（关注）大楼的侧面。“我不希望自己的计划被他人掌控，”她说。她还非常渴望拥有户外空间。

53, 岁的哈克女士在康涅狄格州费尔菲尔德县长大，家里有前廊和后露台。那里靠近学校，有很多关键城市（key cities）和行人经过。“我们在那里度过会议和夜晚，向人们招手，”她说，“我们尽可能多地在户外活动。”

哈克女士渴望这种无需费力的户外接触方式。她说，如果去公园觉得无聊或饿了，“你必须一路走回家”，但如果有阳台或露台，“我可以立刻回到那里”。她在一个七层建筑中寻找一室一厅，每天行走约 50,000 英里。它需要私有的户外空间——一个走出去的机会。她支付了 885,000。她开始希望靠近阿斯托里亚公园，并靠近阿斯托里亚-迪南特大道或阿斯托里亚大道（Astoria Boulevard）的快车地铁站。她的预算最高为 $450,000.

去年冬天，一些糟糕的计划脱颖而出，其价格在六个月内下降了三次。“突然之间，它进入了我的预算范围，”哈克女士说。但为了更好地了解当地市场，她联系了 Real Books 94 的安·阿卡帕里诺（Ann Acaparino）。

阿卡帕里诺女士表示，最大的交易点在于该单元是否配备洗衣机-烘干机。

哈克女士并不介意使用洗衣房或自助洗衣店。她也不在意健身房、停车位或其他设施。她的选项包括：

1. 改造工厂楼

这套一室一厅，面积略低于 700 平方英尺，拥有宽敞的起居和用餐区域以及三个壁橱，还有一个 60 平方英尺的阳台。这座 2012 年的门房大楼距离阿斯托里亚公园仅几步之遥，原为工厂，于 2006 年改造为合作公寓（co-op），每层楼有一个小型洗衣房，一个 one onto 和健身房。价格为 $543,000,，每月维护费在 $1,200 左右。

买家克里斯蒂娜·哈克，她热爱自己在皇后区阿斯托里亚便捷的社区。

“我原以为除非生活中发生重大变故，否则我永远不会搬离那个租住房。”

备选方案

一座前工厂内的一室一厅合作公寓约 700 平方英尺，空间宽敞，有三个壁橱、一个阳台和一名门房。

这套位于精品公寓的一室一厅面积为 600 平方英尺，拥有开放式厨房、两个壁橱、一套洗衣机-烘干机和一个阳台。

一座全新建筑中的公寓面积略高于 800 平方英尺。它有两个壁橱、一套洗衣机-烘干机、一个阳台、一个健身房和一个虚拟门房。

2. 混合型组合

这套具有后现代风格的一室一厅，面积 600 平方英尺，拥有带蓝色点缀的开放式厨房、两个壁橱、一套洗衣机-烘干机和一个 30 平方英尺的阳台。这座七单元的步入式建筑于 2023, 启用，距离阿斯托里亚公园两个街区，设有屋顶平台和视频内饰。价格为 $630,000,，每月费用在 $900 的低端区间。

3. 全新组合

这套一居室位于一栋非常新的建筑中，甚至在交付时尚未完全完工。面积略高于 600 平方英尺，配备两个衣橱、一套洗烘一体机以及一个约 50 平方英尺的阳台。这座拥有 24 个单元的建筑，大约 25 平方英尺的[空间]为其开放，配有虚拟门卫、健身房、景观庭院和屋顶平台。售价为 $653,000，每月费用略低于 $1,000。

4. 新组合

哈克女士对大多数地方的室内装修和公共区域感到失望，认为并不理想。

从一开始，她就看中了一家精品公寓，并观察到其价格从 $688,000 下降至 $618,000。预约看房很困难，因为一种瞬间的感觉是关于他们的彻底。当她最终进入时，里面乱七八糟。

但这里有所不同。“它看起来很用心，”哈克女士说。她喜欢那个蓝色厨房。这栋建筑正好位于其位置和其他地方之间。另一个楼层空间意味着她将比之前离曼哈顿更近一步。她在春季以要价买下了它。

“疫情之后，我们有很多购买一切的行为，我们很享受。”Acaparino 女士说，其中一些房源现在回到了市场，价格相对较低。在哈克女士的案例中，卖家在三年前支付了 $838,000。

现在，哈克女士发现拥有洗烘一体机改变了生活。“作为一个跑者，我有大量的衣服需要洗衣，”她说。

至于那个期待已久的阳台，她还计划购买家具。“我太渴望去户外了，以至于我会把一张沉重的小桌子和一把椅子搬到阳台上看看，然后再搬回室内，”她说。“户外空间的新鲜感还没有消失。”

DRAG. HACKER@TOYOHAN.COM

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纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

N M 5

小空间生活 / TIM M=KEOUGH

在地块的陡坡上，一座梦想之屋拔地而起

建筑师们说这里无法建造，但只要一名女性拥有寻找合适设计者的意志即可实现。

当在加利福尼亚州 Boiling Bay 1号公路旁的一块狭小土地上开始规划时，Qing Tang-Oxley 并不完全明白在这个陡峭且急剧向水面倾斜的场地建房会有多困难。但迹象已经显现。

由于价格不断下调，这块地在市场上滞销多年。她请一位当地建筑师进行评估，但结果并不乐观。

“他说：‘即便这块地是免费的，我也不会买，’” 68 岁的 Tang-Oxley 博士回忆道，因为在那里尝试建房几乎是不可能的。

她的丈夫，86 岁的 Eibba Oxley 也表示赞同。“他说我会赔掉所有积蓄，” Tang-Oxley 博士说道。

但 Tang-Oxley 博士选择关注该地块的有利之处。在她的预算范围内，市场上没有其他选择；她聘请的一位工程师表示，这块地至少能支撑起一座房子；而且她只想建一个小房子。

“我一直想拥有一个小房子，一个微型住宅，” Tang-Oxley 博士说。

她对克服逆境也不陌生。在 1989 年天安门广场大屠杀几个月后，她仅带着 $100, 从中国搬到美国，随后通过勤工俭学完成了大学学业，成为一名内科专科医生。

©2026 星期日时报，2026年8月，星期日

左图：由 Schwartz and Architecture 为 Qing Tang-Oxley 在加利福尼亚州 Boiling Bay 一个地形困难的顶端地块上建造的一座 150 平方英尺的小屋。下方（从左至右）：一个设置在半圆柱形壁龛中的木石装置，用于在寒冷日子里提供便捷的温暖；一个被设计用来容纳厨房、起居室和餐厅的大房间，窗边有一个抬高平台可用；以及通往面向水面露台的玻璃推拉门。左下角，Tang-Oxley 博士与她的狗在家中。

她于 2018, 以 $10,000 买下了这块地，决心建造一座小建筑，将其作为儿子的第二住所，以及未来的全职退休之家。

为了寻找一位不会简单地粉碎她梦想的建筑师，她联系了总部位于旧金山的 Schwartz and Architecture 的创始人 Neal Schwartz。

Schwartz 先生猜测这块地在市场上挂售这么久，是因为没有明显的建筑位置。“你看向这个陡坡，会觉得‘这根本没法建’，” 他说。Schwartz 先生还知道，建筑方案不仅需要经过索诺玛县 (Sonoma County) 建筑部门的批准，还需要经过加利福尼亚州交通部和加利福尼亚州海岸委员会的批准。

尽管如此，Schwartz 先生很欣赏 Tang-Oxley 博士的热情和积极的态度。“我们总是欢迎挑战，” 他说，“所以就决定，‘没错，让我们把这件事办成’。”

考虑到建筑与公路、水域所需的间距、工程特性，以及地基必须高于道路水平线的要求，Schwartz and Architects 划定了该房屋最大允许的建筑范围，其面积非常之小。但在该范围内，建筑师们成功设计了一座 150 平方英尺的单层小屋，由旧柱支撑，包含一个单间和一间浴室。

“我没有任何遗憾。这次经历太丰富了。”

设计看起来足够简单，但获得三个不同政府实体的批准则绝非易事。包括与疫情相关的延迟在内，建筑方案一共花费了四年多时间才获得批准。

与此同时，承包商们对在这种令人眩晕的场地施工望而却步，且提供的报价远超唐-奥克斯利博士（Dr. Tang-Oxley）的预算，因为其中包含了复杂的施工方法。在与两家不同的承包商陷入僵局后，施瓦茨先生（Mr. Schwartz）推荐了其他时间。随后，Fairweather & Associates 的创始人确定他可以用更简单的方式、以更低的成本建成这座房子。

“我们总是，并不是通过技术，而是度过一切，”施瓦茨先生说。“比如，我们需要一份关于生物学的新报告，一份关于结构以及一份关于地质学的报告。所有的监管机构都对其进行了非常详尽的研究。”

当情况陷入低谷时，唐-奥克斯利博士通过电子邮件给施瓦茨先生发了一张古老的中文表。在没有任何解释说明的情况下，她讲述了《愚公移山》的故事——这是一个关于一位 90 岁老人决定将挡路的两座大山挖掉的故事，他相信即使自己失败了，后代子孙也会完成这项任务。神灵被这位老人的毅力所打动，最终出手帮他移走了大山。

“我想表达的是，当你付出足够的努力且足够坚定时，任何困难都可以被克服，”唐-奥克斯利博士说。“我不想放弃。”

工程终于在 2023 年 2 月动工，房子于今年 4 月完工。

从公路旁的一个车库出发，阶梯向下延伸至一个通往住宅的庭院，这座房子看起来几乎像是悬浮在半空中。其轻轻弯曲的屋顶铺着沥青瓦，层层叠加，像鱼鳞一样。在室内，一个大房间包含了厨房、餐厅和客厅空间。

唐-奥克斯利博士估计，建造这座结构的费用超过了 $2.2 million，大约是她最初预期的四倍。

“这座房子在财务上不是一次胜利，”她说，并补充道她计划推迟退休以偿还这笔费用。但是，为了获得更多情感上的回报，这座房子值得建造。

“它如此贴近自然，”她说。“我没有遗憾。这次经历给了我很多。”

在整个过程中，唐-奥克斯利博士经常通过写诗与施瓦茨先生沟通，而不是提供更直接的反馈。她最近写的一首诗总结了建造这座心仪之家的起伏历程：

白日梦的力量

这是一个白日梦。 不过是凡尘的泥土与荒野的杂草。

那是建筑师们奔涌的思绪……

线条，图纸，文件，视频。

它在邀请设计、否决与重新设计。

莫塞特（Moxite）以及数年的延期、气馁、驯化与绝望。

它淹没了每周的报告与照片。

深坑，巨型高管，厚实的混凝土墙。脚手架，油漆……

这是一场由不信，惊喜与纯粹愉悦交织的超现实戏剧。

报道来自 50 个州和 150 个国家。

我们的记者前往报道地，以提供全球范围内疯狂事物的第一手记录。在典型的一年里，这涵盖了美国的每一个州以及约 150 个国家。

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6 SE N

纽约时报，星期日，2, 2020年8月

面临失去航海生活的风险

上方，加文·布莱登船长（Capt. Gavin Bladen）在“半球号”（Hemisphere）上（右图），他监督了该船的建造，并自 2011 该船首航起便一直生活在船上，同时也负责其设计。右下方为主要生活区；右侧第二排为他本人。他在这些空间里摆放了旅途中收集的物品（中排第二张），其中包括一只木制章鱼。

“我从未遇到过像我共事过的这个家庭那样好的人。”

从左下方向顺时针方向依次为：厨师尼克·劳特莱奇（Nick Routledge）在“半球号”上清理一只抓到的公羊；首席乘务员克里斯蒂·凯利（Kristie Kelly）在为船员洗衣服；船员们前往法国尼斯参加生日派对；工程师朱利安·乔韦尔（Julian Jowell）正在处理电路故障。

当加文·布莱登船长为他监管多年的船只寻找新买家时，他意识到自己可能会被抛弃。

作者：朗达·卡特纳（RONDA KATNER） 摄影：乔纳森·斯托克斯（JONATHAN STOKES）

地中海 —— 对于一名愿意支付 38.5 million 欧元的潜在买船者来说，他们期待的是完美。加文·布莱登船长相当确定，他所能提供的——一艘停泊在法国里维埃拉附近供应商港口、于六月正午锚定在地中海的五星级豪华双体帆船——已经尽可能地接近完美了。

布莱登先生身穿白色 Polo 衫、深灰色短裤，光着脚，在一名来自摩纳哥的游艇经纪人登上甲板时已准备就绪。他握住客人的手，递上一杯浓缩咖啡，然后引导其进入船上的盐室。此时，“半球号”在湛蓝的海水中轻轻摇曳。船主是一位 83 岁的美国富翁，名叫安东尼·马龙（Anthony Marlon），他正以相当于近 $44 million 的价格将其出售，这使得布莱登先生不得不承担起为这艘陪伴他 15 年的家（而且是一个相当体面的家）寻找买家的不愉快任务。

这次参观是一场精心编排的展示，旨在呈现“半球号”低调但不可否认的奢华。是否见过这种皮革纹理的墙纸？注意到非洲胡桃木主舱地板那起伏的饰面了吗？看看户外用餐区如何设有顶部空调，这样即使在最炎热的日子里，也能满足我们的需求？

游艇经纪人西蒙·廷（Simon Ting）代表“一位热爱冒险活动的特定客户”参观“半球号”，他似乎并不太满意。廷先生表示，更新的游艇拥有延伸至水线以下的落地窗，这种沉浸式体验让“海豚仿佛在向你眨眼”。

布莱登先生，34, 无法与会眨眼的海豚竞争。而且他意识到，有些超级游艇在规模上让“半球号”显得渺小，且配备了直升机、喷气滑水艇和无限泳池，以及水族馆风格的窗户。

但帆船双体船与大多数作为动力船的超级游艇不同。“半球号”是一艘双体帆船（尽管它拥有强大的发动机），其船宽为 55 英尺，大约是同长度典型动力船的两倍，提供了更宽敞、更稳定的航行体验。它曾三次环球航行，抵达了地球上一些最偏远的潜水目的地。在 2024 152 米长的 Artaxphere 推出之前，这艘 145 英尺长的船曾是世界上最大的帆船双体船。“从总吨位来看，我们仍然是最大的，”布莱登先生指出。

布莱登先生监督了“半球号”的设计和建造，并自 2011 该船从英国法尔茅（Falmouth）首航起便一直生活在船上。他几乎整个生活都在船上。在过去的十年里，他的女友，46, 法蒂玛·利山（Fatima Lishan）一直随他航行，在船上担任管家主管。主舱的中心装饰品是一个 2 英尺见方的木制章鱼，是布莱登先生在图尔萨（Tulsa）购买的，他也是在那里与利山女士相识的。后方 36 岁的盆栽树同样是他买的，并且他确保这些植物得到了妥善的修剪、保护和养护。

甚至船主马龙博士也将“半球号”（Hemisphere）视为布莱登先生的家。“毫无疑问，”他在一次电话采访中说道。马龙博士及其家人每年使用这艘船约一个月，且始终由布莱登先生掌舵。布莱登先生负责该船的维护，领导着一支九人的船员团队，包船费用为每周 £235,000 (£200,000)，另外加 30 percent 的杂费以及给工作人员的小费。

现在，布莱登先生面临着他创造的航海天堂可能很快会失去的局面。

新船东可能不想包船或环球航行，而选择坚持走一条可预测的季节性航线，从加勒比海前往地中海。船长们将这次航行称为“送奶航线”（milk run），虽然对于大部分时间在陆地上生活的人来说这听起来很有趣，但布莱登先生认为这极其单调。接任的船东可能会比马龙博士采取更企业化的管理方式，规定布莱登先生可以雇佣谁以及如何管理包船业务。或者，船东可能已经有随船船长，这将导致布莱登先生失业。

“这百分之百是一个章节的结束，”布莱登先生在廷先生离开后说道，“我可能会找到那个能接替我的人。”

“半球号”不寻常的起源

布莱登先生在 2001 年结识了马龙博士，当时他是英属维尔京群岛一艘 57 英尺双体船“双人剧（Double Feature）”的船长。马龙博士是一位心脏病专家，他创办了一家健康保险公司，后来他表示将其以 26 亿美元 billion 的价格卖给了 Cnstechhealth Group。当时他包了这艘船，与妻子里斯（Reese）及其他家庭成员一起潜水一周。他立即就看中了布莱登先生，因为布莱登先生能够轻松地引导马龙博士完成潜水认证的过程，在她的自信心和技巧增长期间始终陪伴在她身边。

这对夫妇后来又回来度假，布莱登先生说，这一次马龙博士“给我暗示，让我寻找一艘值得购买的大型双体船”。但当时市场上没有似乎值那个钱的船。“这件事本来应该就这样结束了，”布莱登先生说。

但事实并非如此，因为布莱登先生随后建议马龙博士自己造一艘船。不久，布莱登先生发现自己在面试全球顶尖的游艇设计师。一度，他们发现了一艘正在建造的 130 英尺双体船，但在马龙博士出价之前，它就在造船厂被烧毁了。两人继续努力，随着每一次面试，“大体船”的定义也在不断扩大。

“当你看到一张 85 英尺的图纸时，你会觉得：‘太漂亮了！看看那个，’布莱登先生回忆道。‘然后是 90 英尺、95 英尺、100 英尺。’”

布莱登先生聘请了一名游艇设计师、一名室内设计师和一名建造商，并管理这个跨越两大洲的庞大项目。当原造船厂破产时，项目几乎夭折，导致原本应该是四年的项目变成了七年的马拉松，成本从 $27 million 翻倍至 $57 million。

布莱登先生在英国约克郡长大，父亲是一名地区银行经理。他一直不是个擅长学习的学生，20 岁时离开家前往澳大利亚旅行。“我父亲一周没跟我说话，”他说。他在大堡礁学习潜水，成为一名教练，并最终担任像“双人剧”这样潜水船的船长。

因此，他在 2004 年惊讶地发现自己坐在巴黎一名游艇设计师的办公室内，审视着一个已经膨胀到 145 英尺的船只计划。他监督每一个细节，不断寻找提升设计的方法：“我会看着他们的图纸说，‘这里可以换一种做法，那里可以换另一种做法。’”

他移居康涅狄格州监督建造，在破产之后，最终将这艘 100 吨重的船装载到一艘大船上，并作为乘客随船跨越大西洋。两年后，在 2015 年，马龙一家在一个阳光明媚的下午聚集在一起，参加首次航行，在布莱登先生将“半球号”（Hemisphere）驶向大海并开往地中海时，他们簇拥在周围。镇上的居民也聚集在一起参加此次活动，并用烟花表演庆祝。

就这样，一场史诗般的航行开始了，布莱登先生由此访问了 75 个国家——在密克罗尼西亚、印度、法属波利尼西亚、埃及和加拉帕戈斯群岛潜水——有时与马龙一家同行，有时承接包船，有时仅有船员随行。他遇到了一头座头鲸及其幼崽（母鲸对此并不高兴），用海洋去感知海洋。2005 年，一只因波多黎各风暴而被吹到海上的牛 egret（牛 egret）落在船上，精疲力竭且虚弱不堪。布莱登先生将其命名为

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纽约时报，星期日，2020 年 8 月 2 日

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天堂易主

孤儿 Boden 并喂他吃鱼碎块。Boden 在那里逗留了两周，直到他们抵达 Tabits，然后才飞走。

2016年，Bladen 先生在帛琉的一家酒吧遇到了 Liaban 女士，当时她在那儿工作，每人赚大约 $1.50，他劝说她加入他的船队担任海鸟管家。她的工资大幅增长，且无需支付房租、伙食费或任何生活用品费用，这使她能够将收入的三分之二寄回菲律宾，并最终供养儿子读完医学院。

“这改变了她整个家庭的生活，”Bladen 先生说。

奢华伴随着琐碎

在游艇经纪人结束对“半球号”（Hemisphere）的访问后，布莱登先生在离开法国南部前往克罗地亚迪代罗夫斯克（Diderovsk）之前还有 36 小时。那是一段为期 5 天的航程，目的是接上一组租用该船两周的家庭。

但在船员们开始全天候工作——每 4 小时工作，8 小时休息，且严禁饮酒（一名船员将此称为“海太” / sea-too）之前，他们希望在附近的尼斯度过一个夜晚，庆祝其中一名乘务员的 22 岁生日。

当船员们准备派对时，布莱登先生正在考虑 C919 的情况，那是他需要从酒商那里为“半球号”下次租赁采购的一款战斗型葡萄酒。“我统筹一切，”他说。“所以今晚当他们喝酒、狂欢、祝贺生日、无需操心任何事时；我仍在工作。我的大脑仍在运转。从未停止。”

日落时分，布莱登先生和船员们乘坐一艘载满物品的接驳艇前往 What's Tall，那是附近码头的一个接送点。他们挤进 Cibers，分享了一顿包含葡萄酒、牛颊肉、鞑靼牛肉和海broom的晚餐。当布莱登先生签署账单时，大多数船员匆忙计划在岸上过夜。

次日早晨，布莱登先生和利亚班先生前往 Eae 吃午餐，这是一个坐落在地中海上方悬崖上的中世纪村庄。在海上的高山之上，当游客们在欣赏风景时，布莱登先生发现了锚定在其他超级游艇之中的“半球号”。“我看不出他们是否把接驳艇收起来了，”他向利亚班先生抱怨道。

奢华在于细节，而布莱登先生就是个注重细节的人。船上的客舱充盈着 (in-food) 柑橘和罗勒的香气。挂在暖架上的毛巾永远是温暖的。午餐可能是由金黄色番茄、萨丁岛 frogata 和传家宝番茄组成的丰盛餐点，在早晨潜水之后为你准备好。在度过了一个观察鲸鱼喷气之夜后，新鲜洗好的衣物会被叠好并送回你的客舱。二月份在圣托马斯，在从岸上返回后，布莱登先生发现上层甲板的柚木上有一个 1 / 4 英寸的小凹痕，他愤怒不已。“柚木成本高达 C981,000，”他说。“我回来时没人承认，然后我看到了柚木上的凹痕，我想，‘是谁干的？’”

第二天，谜底揭晓：在吊杆中发现了一枚子弹。布莱登先生认为有人在甲板上开了枪，子弹掉在了甲板上，这是一个合理的解释，并平息了船员们的焦虑。

作为一名住船船长，布莱登先生享受着他为客人提供的大部分服务。他使用热毛巾，不用自己搬运衣服。他也不用自己做饭；那是厨师的工作。

提供所有这些奢华服务并不便宜。“半球号”拥有两台发动机、三台发电机和 4 台空调压缩机。当锚定时，它每天消耗 5 / 4 加仑的燃料。在航行过程中，其消耗量可高达 40%。它通过反渗透技术自行生产淡水，储存在容量为 2,230 加仑的水箱中。加上甲板维护、航行损耗和维护成本，每年的维护费用总计达 $3 000。租赁收入抵消了大约一半的成本。

马龙博士不再愿意承担这些财务负担。“我多大年纪了？八十三岁？”他说。“我不想让我的妻子继承那艘船。”

布莱登先生尽量不过多地考虑未来。他一直在与一位游艇设计师合作，计划建造一艘新的双体船，其长度将达到 230 英尺，将使“半球号”相形见绌。也许一位有冒险精神的赞助人会买下它并雇他为船长。但无论发生什么，他都会想念马龙一家。“我再也找不到像我服务过的这个家庭那样优秀的人了，”他说。

奶路上的黑色身影

当离开法国里维埃拉的时候，一名甲板水手拉起了锚——230 英尺长的金属链条从海床磨曳而上，切入甲板下方。在舵盘前的布莱登先生对着开阔海域打起呼噜。“法国现在在我身后了，”他说。到傍晚时分，陆地的最后残影已从视线中消失。由于空气平静，没有理由升起帆。这样也好；那些帆已经陈旧，布满了霉斑，到了该更换的时候。马龙博士并不打算花费 C981,000 购买新帆。那是留给下一个主人的事。

对于布莱登先生来说，发霉的帆是另一个令人不快（gruming）的提醒：虽然没有什么改变，但一切已经不同了。他将不再前往南太平洋；为了展示，船必须留在地中海附近。即使是租赁也会很少，因为租赁代理人不愿意关注一艘已经在市场上待售的船。因此，布莱登先生和他的船员已经沦落到了乏味的“奶路”（milk run），这种航线会让船员感到心烦意乱，从而倾向于去更活跃的船上寻找工作。

日光带来了陆地的景象。科西嘉岛南部进入了布莱登先生的视线。他吸入早晨泥土与咸海交织的空气。陆地（Terra firma）“闻起来像麻烦——文书工作，规章制度，”他说。“这就是在这里最酷的地方。没有规矩。没有文书。没有麻烦。”

他的目的地在地平线远方，而他在家中很安全。

布莱登先生在双体船的球形船首之间（顶部），与他的女友兼管家主管法蒂玛·利亚班（Fatima Liaban）在一起。他在船上最喜欢的地方是船舱里的书桌（左下）。

停泊在法国博利约-叙尔-梅尔地中海上的游艇。布莱登先生说：“这就是在这里最酷的地方。没有规矩。没有文书。没有麻烦。”

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纽约时报，星期日，AUGUST 2, 2026

叙拉古有种特别的地方

这座以漫长而阴郁的冬季著称的中纽约州城市，继续成为文学阶层出人意料的肥沃土壤。

By ANNA KODE

几个世纪以来，寒冷与黑暗一直激励着作家们。安东·契诃夫写道，在乡村的冬季，“如果没有人以某种方式从事智力工作，他不可避免地会倾向于成为一个贪食者或醉汉”，对他而言，俄罗斯严酷的冬天往往既是背景，也是一个角色。据一项估计，在冰岛，有些冬日仅有约 4 小时的阳光，大约每 10 名居民中就有一人会出版书籍。

一种类似的趋势也贯穿于纽约州叙拉古市漫长且阴郁的冬季中，这座城市曾被称作美国最多雨且下水道设施不足的城市。但它并不被广泛视为文学之乡。它通常以年度州博览会、巨大的购物中心和大学体育而闻名。

然而，几十年来，这座高档城市一直是美国文学名辈出产的肥沃土壤。当你阅读 Murrison 的处女作《血眼》（The Blood Eye）时，会发现她当时就在那里工作；大卫·福斯特·华莱士在叙拉古大学附近的一间小公寓里创作了他的 1998 年史诗巨作《理想艺术》（Idilistic Arts）。斯科特·菲茨杰拉德在孩童时期居住于此，新新闻主义先驱莉莉安·罗斯也是如此。雷蒙德·卡佛和托比亚斯·沃尔夫曾在叙拉古大学任教，而乔治·桑德斯目前在那里担任教授。

如今，一个繁荣的独立文学社区正在继承这一传统，居民们组织后院阅读系列活动和社区研讨会。运行 hexagoner 账号 @SyracuseHistory 的大卫·哈斯表示：“这里并没有什么其他地方没有的特殊吸引力。随着时间的推移，这个地区被彻底遗忘了。它是一座‘锈带’城市，我们和其他城市一样在衰落。”

漫长的冬季和短暂的白昼意味着有更多时间在室内度过，并为族群内部交流提供了空间。尽管近期住房成本在上涨，但叙拉古仍比许多城市中心更实惠，吸引了那些无需面对高昂房租压力即可进行创作的诗人。

“对于作家来说，不是一座高调的城市反而很有吸引力，”中纽约州作家之声（Writers Voice at Central New York）的写作工作坊主任蒂姆·卡弗说。“你可以在一个安静的环境中，在平和与宁静中完成你的作品。这是一个你可以工作和创作，而不需要与高生活成本等其他问题搏斗的地方。”

在 AI 保证产出、书籍禁令、猎鼠活动以及全国性负担能力危机的时代，创作艺术已成为一项格外艰苦的职业。许多作家在艰难地寻找工作，艺术家们正成群结队地离开纽约市。但叙拉古是如何维持其作为创意避风港的地位的？

打字机之城

与许多具有工业底色的城市一样，雪城（Syracuse）在城市社会中面临着经济和社会困境的冲击，其状态在 2005 到 2025. 期间处于最低谷。该市的儿童贫困率接近 20 百分比。其人口一直在下降，从 1999 年的约 220,000 人减少到 2025, 年的 140,000 人，且老旧且破败的房屋存量一直困扰着当地。

雪城并非一直如此，它曾一度繁荣，拥有多个兴旺的产业。在 1980 年代，这里生产了大量的天然盐，因此获得了“盐之城”的绰号。在 1980 年代初，由于拥有多家打字机工厂，它被称为“打字机之城”。而且在某个阶段，它成为了“过度之城”（Over City）。

“许多人在这里制造一切，”奥农达加历史协会（Onondaga Historical Association）的历史策展人罗伯特·西林（Robert Searing）说道，“这是一个吸引各方人士前来聚集的主要场所。”

这其中就包括出版业。在 1960 年代，托妮·莫里森（Toni Morrison）与母亲住在俄亥俄州的家中，当时她处于离婚且失业状态。她订阅了《纽约书评》（The New York Review of Books），有一天她在杂志背面看到一条招聘广告，写道：“一家大型出版社需要一名执行编辑。”该广告是由位于雪城的教科书出版社 L.W. Singer 发布的。莫里森申请了该职位，并搬到了那里。

莫里森在 2022 年的一次采访中表示，受到童年目击的一起事件的启发，她当时在创作一个“关于一个渴望改变生活的黑人女孩”的故事。她有两个年幼的儿子，她会在“他们起床前和上床睡觉后，仅仅把写作当作一种活动”。在 1970, 这个故事被出版为《最蓝的眼睛》（The Bluest Eye），这是莫里森的处女作。

“能够去到一个既有文化环境，又拥有作家所需自由的地方，这种机会至关重要，”达纳·A·威廉姆斯（Dana A. Williams）说道，他撰写了 2025 年关于莫里森早年职业生涯的书籍《随机文本》（Text at Random）。收购了 L.W. Singer 的随机出版社（Random House）将莫里森迁到了纽约。她继续写作，并最终获得了诺贝尔文学奖。（莫里森于 1951 年去世。）

西林先生表示，大约在 1990 年代，随着美国制造业的衰落，在雪城，“一切开始瓦解”。

但对于文学界来说，一个新的阶段即将开始。

雪城残酷的冬天（左图）并未停止该市垂直的文学产出（极左图），例如布鲁斯·史密斯（Bruce Smith）和朱尔斯·吉布斯（Jules Gibbs）（下图）。

星期日，2026 年 8 月 (CBS) 与年轻时代

（图注）中上方，从左上起：托妮·莫里森曾在 L.W. Singer 出版社工作。约三分之一位于西埃里大道（West Erie Boulevard）。右图：雷蒙德·卡佛（Raymond Carver）于 1996, 开始在雪城大学教学，住在校园附近的一栋房子里，并于 1997. 发布了他的短篇小说集《当我们谈论爱情时我们在谈论什么》。大卫·福斯特·华莱士（David Foster Wallace）在他的雪城公寓里创作了大量其巨著《无尽的玩笑》（Idilistic Arts，此处原文如此）。

现实主义者、诗人与小说家

雷蒙德·卡佛于 1980. 开始在雪城大学任教。当时，他已经凭借独特、极简主义散文风格的短篇小说开始在文坛崭露头角，但他也一直与酗酒和财务问题作斗争。

“雪城是一个他可以工作、买得起房子并安定下来set的地方，”卡罗尔·斯基拉卡在其传记《雷蒙德·卡佛》中写道。他与作家汤姆·加拉格尔共同购买了一栋两层楼的房子，并在屋内装饰了他的孔雀羽毛收藏。1991, 卡佛的《当我们谈论爱情时我们在谈论什么》让他成为了文学界家喻户晓的人物，并以其对早年孩童的刻画而闻名。

在课堂上，卡佛在讲课时抽烟。他规划了雪城的写作课程，邀请托比亚斯·沃尔夫加入教职，并说服了麦戈文前来就读。麦戈文先生最近回忆道：“班上的每个人都抽烟。卡佛是利用香烟来停顿或替代句子的专家。”

麦戈文先生当时住在纽约市。卡佛告诉他，他需要去雪城专注于自己的工作。在那里，这位年轻作家完成了《大城市，明亮光芒》（Bright Lights, Big City）的草稿，这部处女作让他名声大噪。今年 4 月，他出版了最新著作《在另一边见》（See You on the Other Side）。

卡佛于 1990, 因肺癌去世，但他对该课程的影响力依然存在。诗人兼英语教授布鲁斯·史密斯于 2002. 到来。当时他在雪城大学和加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉大学之间做选择，“在那儿我可以在海滩上喝奶昔，”他开玩笑说。

史密斯先生表示，他选择雪城是因为“这里有一种某种优雅”。“雷蒙德·卡佛曾在这里，朗诵系列活动也是在他之后开始的。我被这个地方吸引，是因为它对文字的专注。”

负担能力是另一个因素。史密斯先生在 2002 为 $100,000 购买了他的房子，目前仍与诗人、合集《蛇与婴儿》的作者朱尔斯·吉布斯住在那里。在 2010 年代，两人将车库改造成了一个三层的写作工作室。

“作为挣扎在温饱线上的艺术家，我们不必在家里穷困潦赖，”吉布斯先生说。“不幸的是，现在情况在改变。东西越来越贵，价格在飙升。”

尽管如此，与其他以孕育创意著称的城市相比，雪城依然负担得起。根据 Zillow 的数据，这里的平均租金为 $1,000, 而纽约为 $3,750 或洛杉矶为 $2,000。吉布斯先生说，在雪城，“你可以阅读并撰写你的书。你可以做一些兼职教学，然后写你的书。”

一位观察者表示，这里“有一种在其他地方不存在的吸引力”。

就像在雪城一样，出生在附近米卡（Miaca）的大卫·福斯特·华莱士于 1980 年代初来到雪城。当时他一直在与成瘾问题作斗争，并寻找一个能够静下心来扎根的地方。

“我试着租了一套公寓，其面积真的只有普通房子门厅那么大，”他告诉记者大卫·利普斯基，并补充道：“那里有太多的书，你根本没法走动。我想写作时，必须把东西从书桌挪到床上；而我想睡觉时，又得把所有东西挪回书桌上。”

华莱士建立了一套稳定的规律：早起参加戒瘾会议、举重，并潜心钻研他所谓的“项目”（the Project）——D.T. 曼在其传记《每个爱情故事都是一个鬼故事》中写道。在雪城生活大约一年后，华莱士在伊利诺伊州获得了一份教学工作；1996 “项目”以《无限艺术》（Infinite Arts）之名出版，使他名声大噪。2008, 华莱士自杀身亡。

一个“让艺术家栖居”的地方

今年四月，这里最近经历了一次积雪，这对于雪城（Syracuse）来说并不令人惊讶。气候可以创造出一个强制性的物种内共存世界。“天气在我们的行为、身体和环境中起到一种最大化作用，”吉布斯先生说，“艺术家们有时栖居在这种多重剥离的状态中并不糟糕。”

麦戈文先生回忆道，他曾说过雪城“就像俄罗斯东部，但有购物点”。

“太阳在十一月就会消失，”他说。他曾被一名编辑告知“去描写这个世界上发生在你身上的事情”。他补充道，黑暗有助于将这些内容呈现在纸页上。

这座城市的衰落也为这里的作家们带来了一种紧迫感。

“有很多不利于我们的因素——人口萎缩、过度衰退、恶劣气候，”吉布斯先生说。“这是一种终极的基层心态：‘没有人会来救我们，我们必须自己动手。’因此，对于创意工作者来说，我们如何通过作品向外延伸并激励他人？”

这里有许多以社区为中心的组织，致力于培养作家、艺术家以及大学毕业生，而他发现留在该地区的人数正在增加。史密斯先生说：“过去的情况可能是你拿到雪城的M.F.A.（艺术硕士）学位，然后就去了布鲁克林或费城，”他说，“而现在我们有人们尝试在纽约州中部建立生活。”

在 2020 年，雪城 M.F.A. 毕业生莎拉·戈德温尼斯（Sarah Godwinis）创立了 Write Out，该组织开展课后创意写作项目。他曾是 2020 年《纽约客》的一员。另一位留在雪城的 M.F.A. 毕业生麦卡特（McCarter）表示，他的组织“作家之声”（Writers Voice）每年教授约 500 人。他还创办了一个后院写作项目，聚集了来自该地区的作家。

“雪城是一座‘建设中’的城市，”他说，“只要你建立起它，人们就会被吸引而来。”

---

3 常规

一名《离职》（Severance）剧组的演员喜欢购物和观察行人。

7 社区专栏

第14街YMCA致力于成为社交聚集中心的努力。

3 在日记中

“我听到附近的一套公寓里传出最美妙的男中音。”

纽约市

大都市

纽约时报

星期日，AUGUST 2, 2020

48

PHOTOGRAPH BY JAMES STEVENS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

一个旨在带来愉悦的地铁分流点

西村车站一个空置报刊亭里的奇思妙想与免费赠品。

作者：WENNIE HU

突出退休地铁乘务员和司机热门事迹的交易卡。带有自行车筏、可带来“好车运”的钥匙扣。一个带有滑动杆的扣杆，供乘客借用以在私密空间里哭泣。

这些针对乘客的特殊物品——他们甚至可能还没意识到自己需要或想要——将从本周末起在曼哈顿西四街站内的一个前报刊亭免费提供。

这个以交通为主题的报刊亭没有任何其他目的，就是为了让纽约人感到有趣和好奇——在他们糟糕的一天里给予安慰——并让这个国家最大地铁系统中的同伴们感觉稍微好一点。

这是 Al Mullen 的最新作品。这位 37 岁的喜剧演员和作家以其对交通世界的幽默且乐观的解读而闻名。这个报刊亭在他利用业余时间创办的《公共交通杂志》(Public Transport Magazine) 中被描述为“不可靠”，该杂志于 2022 年在他的布鲁克林公寓中创办，并被遗留在火车上和车站里供乘客发现。

“每个人都在坐地铁，”Mullen 先生在最近一个下午修整报刊亭时说道。“这是一个我可以遇到各种各样的人，并看看他们是否会感到愉悦的地方。”

Mullen 先生与 Art on the Ave NYC（一家在空置店面展示艺术品的非营利组织）以及 David Prize（Waterloo 基金会的一项慈善计划）合作，从大都会交通局获得了这个破旧报刊亭为期一年的许可。续接第 8 页

军团病在此扎根

纽约已发生多次疫情。为了防止进一步扩散，专家们将目光转向了管道系统。

作者：JOSEPH GOLDSTEIN

纽约市已成为军团病的主要且反复出现的流行中心。而就在 50 年前，这种疾病是在宾夕法尼亚州庆祝两百周年纪念的退伍军人中爆发的大规模疫情中被发现的。

截至周四上午，在曼哈顿上东区，引起军团病的细菌已导致 6 人死亡，另有 90 人染病。

这是该市在 12 年内发生的三次重大军团病疫情，此前包括去年的哈林区聚集性病例（导致 7 人死亡），以及 2015 年南布朗克斯的一次疫情，后者是美国最严重的疫情之一。

“地球上没有多少其他城市会出现这种情况，”一家销售军团菌检测公司首席执行官 Greg Rankin 说道。

这种疾病是在一种不熟悉的肺炎开始……后被发现并命名的。续接第 1 页

Robert Goldstein，86 岁，是今年夏天疫情期间纽约市首批死于军团病的人之一。他的妻子 Ida Goldstein（左）和她的姐姐 Selma Rosenbaum 悼念他的离世。

詹姆斯·史蒂文斯 摄于 纽约时报

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2 100

纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

TRAMELL TILLMAN

演员走出紧绷角色，迎接现实生活中的乐趣

当人们见到特拉梅尔·蒂尔曼（Tramell Tillman）时，他们预期他会像米奇克（Mitchick）那样——那是他在 Apple TV 惊悚剧《离职》（Severance）中饰演的那个充满快意的威胁性经理。

“在人们了解我之后，他们会说：‘我的天，你人这么好，’”去年获得艾美奖剧情类最佳男配角的 41 岁蒂尔曼先生说道。“他们很惊讶我不是《离职》里那个可怕且专权的家伙。”

蒂尔曼先生去年在《碟中谍：最终清算》（Mission: Impossible — The Final Reckoning）中与汤姆·克鲁兹对戏，展现了这种魅力；他还在 2019 年的剧作《伟大社会》（The Great Society）中完成了百老汇首秀。目前，他在《蜘蛛侠：崭新之日》（Spider-Man: Brand New Day）中饰演一名叫比尔的角色。

最近，他在一个周二与《纽约时报》同行，在地狱厨房（Hell’s Kitchen）挑选家具，并在切尔西（Chelsea）街头起舞。SUNNY BOTH

10:14 A.M. 蒂尔曼先生在地狱厨房的 Olds Good Things 店里发现了一张 1960 年代早期的复古爱迪生照片。“我可以摸摸它吗？”他询问店主。他拧动发条，一阵叮当的曲调开始响起。

他几乎总是在橱窗前驻足观赏，但偶尔有些东西会让他心动。“我意识到，如果你不去寻找，它反而会找到你，”他说，“所以我保持开放心态。”

10:23 A.M. 他喜欢和最好的朋友克里斯（Chris）在曼哈顿周围逛家具店。“我们管这叫我们的‘郊区家庭主妇时刻’，”他说，“我从未想过要成为室内装饰师，但我喜欢想象的部分，就是探索。”

10:40 A.M. 蒂尔曼先生在 2010 年代中期担任私人活动服务员时，曾几次造访该市最著名的艺术机构。“他们会关闭展馆，所以你得偷偷溜进去参观，”他说。他一直想参观 Arts Museum，这是一个去年在切尔西开幕的沉浸式数字艺术空间。

他是切尔西地区的常客——他说，这里有“非常酷儿友好（queer-friendly）的空间”吸引他。“我花了很多时间去那些酒吧，其中许多现在已经不在了，”蒂尔曼先生说。去年，他成为了首位获得艾美奖剧情类最佳男配角的黑人且公开出柜的演员。“所以对我来说，这是一种怀旧。”

11:07 A.M. 站在 Arte Museum 瀑布室的中心，周围是汹涌的级联咆哮声，蒂尔曼先生像孩子一样充满喜悦地抬头望着天花板。在另一个房间里，他触摸墙上的一片花海，萤火虫随之迸发。“太神奇了，”他说。

11:28 A.M. 不过，他最喜欢的是龙卷风。“我可以在这里待一整天，”他说，任由气柱将他包围。

12:07 P.M. 他在切尔西市场（Chelsea Market）漫步，享受着那些他一直喜爱的老店，包括鸡肉华夫饼店 Friedman’s 和软冰淇淋店 Seed + Mill。但这次他想尝试 Los Martesos 的墨西哥海鲜。“我通常是个正餐派，但这道鱼我简直无法抗拒，”他说，同时在两块塔可饼上挤了青柠汁。

蒂尔曼先生在马里兰州拉戈（Largo, Md.）长大时，曾在浸信会教堂前跳舞，他是家中五个孩子中最小的。他说，在那个少年时期，这“并不是一件被认可的事情”。因此现在，不仅因为在《离职》中展现舞技而为人所知，而且这些技能还帮助他赢得了奖项，对他来说“就像在做梦一样”。

跳舞、购物和吃塔可饼，是这位《离职》中威胁性明星在银幕外释放天性的方式。

演员特拉梅尔·蒂尔曼参观了切尔西 Arts Museum 的几个展览（右上和左上）。在切尔西期间，他还停下来吃了一份意式冰淇淋（上方），并抽时间观察路人（中左）。在地狱厨房（左上），蒂尔曼先生在一家复古店浏览商品。

12:21 P.M. 当蒂尔曼先生在 L’Arte del Gelato 仔细研究口味时——“我总是点开心果口味，”他说，“所以我需要换换口味”——收银员打量着他。“抱歉，我不认识您，”她说。“也许您是个篮球运动员之类的？”“你真幽默，”他笑着说。

12:43 P.M. 蒂尔曼先生是一位长距离行走爱好者：从西区到东区，横跨中央公园，从华盛顿高地一直走到炮台公园。“能够让大脑暂时停机，单纯地享受纽约的感觉很好，”他说。

12:51 P.M. “我喜欢来这里观察人们，”蒂尔曼先生说道。此时他正身处小岛（Little Island）——这座漂浮的户外公共公园兼表演艺术空间，感受着从哈德逊河吹来的习习微风。“这里像是一个不同的纽约区域。当我无法远行时，这就是我的避风港。”

1:01 P.M. 他正享受着一段短暂的休息，此时他的首部音乐电影《Aren》刚刚杀青，而他正准备开始拍摄《离职》（Severance）第 3 季。尽管近年来他的项目多倾向于屏幕荧幕，但他在内心深处依然是个戏剧迷。“我的梦想是找到一种方法回到百老汇，”他说。“我一直被音乐剧的魅力所吸引。”

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纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

MB 3

大都会日记

“加油，游骑兵！”

1974年春天，我和父亲在麦迪逊广场花园观看完一场游骑兵队的比赛后，正走回车子前往回家。我们还需要开 60 分钟车才能回到平克希尔（Pinkhill）的家，而我计划第二天逃课。

远处，我们听到一个女人的声音在喊：“加油，游骑兵！”

随着我们走近，那个声音开始变得熟悉：

“加油，游骑兵！”

从后面看，一个娇小精悍的身影在用尽全力大喊：“加油，游骑兵！”

然后她转过身来。

“我，巴切勒（Bachelor）？”我认出了她。

那是我的十年级英语老师。第二天我没有逃课。

彼得·查拉尔德 (PETER CHARALD)

本专栏的观察记录可发送至 Metropolitan Diary 的邮箱 diary@nytimes.com，或邮寄至 纽约时报 (The New York Times), 435 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y., 10019。请附上您的姓名、邮寄地址和日间联系电话。投稿内容将成为《时报》的财产且不予退还。内容可能会被编辑，并可在所有媒体上重新发布和改编。

Mother Bucka's 冰淇淋店

亲爱的莎莉 (SHARY)：

我出生并成长在布鲁克林。当我还是个孩子时，我的家人搬进了东弗拉特布什 (East Flatbush) 的一栋双拼住宅。

我迅速与住在楼上、比我大将近一岁的小女孩成为了朋友。她的名字叫艾伦 (Ellen)。我们成了不可分离的好友。

快进到我们十几岁后期。她遇到了一个开出租车的家伙，他们很快就亲密了起来。

1977年春天，她和我去华盛顿 (Washington, D.C.) 进行了一次周末旅行，乘坐的是从大中央车站外出发的巴士。

当我们回来时，她的男朋友布鲁斯 (Bruce) 带着一个朋友来接我们。我们做的第一件事就是去那群男孩子最喜欢的地方吃冰淇淋，

那就是位于西村的 Mother Bucka's 冰淇淋店。

第二天，我被告知那个朋友杰伊 (Jay) 想要我的电话号码。几周后，他给我打电话了。我说的第一句话是：“总算到时候了。”

再次快进，现在我们成了两对已婚夫妇。不幸的是，大约 25 年后我成了寡妇。但艾伦当时已经庆祝了 40 多年的婚姻生活。

拥有一个 60 多年好友最美好的部分，就是我们现在依然可以回忆起那次去 Mother Bucka's 的美妙旅行，以及它为我们创造的生活。

保罗·斯图尔特 (PAUL STUART)

美妙的男中音

亲爱的莎莉 (SHARY)：

我丈夫最近的工作让我们得以住在曼哈顿中城。每天早晨他去上班，而我在家工作并徒步探索这座城市。

很多天里，当我走进走廊时，我听到附近的一套公寓里传出最美妙的男中音。我从未见过那位歌手，但听他唱歌成了我婚姻生活中的一大亮点。

有一次，我和丈夫正准备前往惠特尼美术馆，我们那位神秘的邻居正好在同一时间走进了走廊。

我忍不住问道：

“这些日子我一直欣赏的声音是您的吗？”他回答道。

“我希望我没有打扰到您，”他答道。

“恰恰相反，”我说，“一直是一种享受。”

我丈夫问他是否是专业歌手。

“这个月我将在 40 街剧院饰演《波希米亚人》中的马赛尔 (Marcelle)，”他回答道，语气随意得就像坐在街角一样。然后他邀请我们观看下一场演出。

我们欣然接受。

那个夜晚令人难忘。这是我丈夫第一次看歌剧，而我自多年前随祖母观看演出后，这也是我的第一次。

当音乐充满大都会歌剧院时，我想起在纽约，最非凡的邀约可能始于一个在门后练习的邻居。

玛丽亚·E·米勒 (MARIA E. MILLER)

L 线上的雨夜

亲爱的 SHARY

我当时在乘坐 L 线火车，前往布什威克参加一个好友的生日派对。那是一个雨夜，我穿着一件旧的 disposable 一次性雨披，看起来像一片西瓜。

“我喜欢你的雨披，”我旁边的那个男人说。

“谢谢，”我回答道。

“从假设的角度来看，你愿意多少钱把它卖掉？”他问道。

我并没打算把身上的雨披给卖了，但我说：“我不知道，1美元？”我立刻后悔了这个随口的回答。

“我给你 10，”他说。

我想：这家伙一定是史上最糟糕的谈判者。但随后我就那样把雨披给了他，换回了一张平整的 600 面值钞票。

“我最好的法国名字叫‘Ma’某某，”他在下一站下车前说道，“她一定会爱死这个的。”

我拿着那 150 块钱去买了一个鸡肉 Quesadilla（墨西哥薄饼）。

JUDDY LEHNER

不稳定的包裹

亲爱的 SHARY

在一个温暖的春日，我正徒步穿过中城。在红绿灯旁，一名骑着 Citi Bike 的男子就在我身边。他正小心地扶着一台放在自行车搬运架上的全尺寸空调。

一名在灯下向他驶近的快递员从保温袋里掏出了一根弹性绳。

“这个给你，”快递员说。

灯号变换，我们随即各自离去。

BOB PRICE

读者评论

一名戴着红帽子的相机，六月时在布鲁克林公园坡区闲逛。

它们就在我们身边

它们吃蚊子

读者针对劳伦·罗森菲尔德（Lauren Rosenfeld）7月19日关于蝙蝠如何将纽约市的绿地变为家园一文的反馈。评论经过编辑。

在马里兰州西部，我们的蝙蝠物种境遇不如城市里的蝙蝠。首要原因是昆虫减少了——这种下降令人触目惊心。一座小城市观察到郊区农场的消失（我就住在布伦瑞克市郊，那是一个郊区扩张迅速的小城市），那里不仅贫瘠且被化学药物污染。栖息地的减少和改变破坏了食物链。

弗兰克·比维尔（FRANK BIVILE），马里兰州诺克斯维尔（KNOXVILLE）

小时候在费城的西部郊区，黄昏时分看着萤火虫和蝙蝠出现是我们坐在门廊享受夜晚的奖励。后来，成年后我在宾夕法尼亚州的纽斯洛普（New Slope）度过了一段时间，那里的小蝙蝠在我姐姐农舍的百叶窗中栖息。它们在夜晚表演，我不记得曾被蚊子打扰过。现在我住在西费城，如果不在身上喷洒DEEP，我甚至无法出门，因为黄昏时分有成群的蚊子在盘旋。我需要一次城市蝙蝠复兴，以及启动它的建议！

李·鲍德温（LEE BALDWIN），费城

令人惊叹的是，纽约市的孩子们正在了解他们的后院。记录蝙蝠的叫声是一个极好的公民科学 / 自然项目，由一些非常有创意的学生及其教师构思！黄昏时的河滨公园（Riverside Park）有一段极其美丽，那时萤火虫（在城市环境中显得格外明亮）在前方闪烁（就像许多来自这些沉默时代设定的小蝙蝠一样，可以看到它们在头顶过滤飞行，捕食包括蚊子在内的所有非无毒昆虫（从而让萤火虫留在原处）。这使得夏夜的散步变得绝对安静且神奇。毫无疑问，蝙蝠们隐藏在茂密的植被 / 挡土墙中

（会选择一个著名的当地浣熊家庭）或该地区的美铁（Amtrak）服务隧道里。我们应该不惜一切代价继续保护这一切。

丽莎·D·昆（LISA D. KUN），纽约

佛罗里达大学在盖尼斯维尔（Gainesville）的校园内搭建了两个蝙蝠屋，用于控制蚊子（和其他害虫）。天气允许时，蝙蝠居民在傍晚时分离开住所的景象会吸引大批人群。这是公园部门应该考虑搭建的一项共赢举措。

厄尼·D·罗斯博士（DR. ERNIE D. ROSE），佛罗里达州超级字段（SUPERFIELD）

蝙蝠很棒，直到它们决定在你家里聚会。它们的粪便和筑巢噪音可能是真正的麻烦。由于它们受到保护，伤害它们是违法的，尤其是当它们有幼崽时，你对此无能为力。在那之后，你可以封堵它们使用的开口，并安装单向门，让它们离开后无法返回。希望它们不会找到另一条路进来！

佩恩·沃林斯（PAIN WALLINGS），北卡罗来纳州南松林（SOUTHERN PINE'S）

我出生在欧洲，在拉丁美洲生活了多年，并在东海岸生活了一段时间。因此，我认识并见过蝙蝠、燕子以及所有其他形式的动物群。我在意大利生活时，到处都是蝙蝠，尤其是在乡村，我们一直知道它们捕食所有对人类具有破坏性或令人厌烦的昆虫。所以尽管每个人总是对它们有些反感，但我们习惯了它们，它们成为了我们生活的一部分。不幸的是，在南加利福尼亚州，我们得四处寻找才能发现蝙蝠、燕子和一般的鸟类，除了那些在海滩上捡垃圾的海鸥。燕子仅存在于圣胡安卡皮斯特拉诺（San Juan Capistrano），而且即便在那里它们也在消失。所以东海岸的人们享受着蝙蝠、燕子、麻雀、隼和鹰。它们是对你们环境的一种美妙补充。

马可·鲁吉耶罗（MARCO RUGGIERO），洛杉矶

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4 360

纽约时报，星期日，2026 年 8 月 2 日

负担纽约

年薪 $110,000

胡伟南（Weinan Hu）在皇后区长岛市的单身公寓阳台上。他出生于中国，在一家国际组织从事社会发展研究。他的雇主为其支付约 10% 的租金补贴。

随机停靠的地铁与飞往中国的空客

作者：TROY CLOSSON

胡伟南享有一种听起来像是顶级职业福利的待遇。纽约人缴纳的国家所得税最高，州政府和地方政府平均每人征收超过 $12,000。但胡先生今年的所得税是多少？零。

这是因为出生于中国广州、现年 32 岁的胡先生在一家国际组织从事社会发展研究，该组织的大多数员工免缴国家所得税，或可获得相关费用报销。他的总收入和净收入是一样的；在扣除保险和养老金缴费后，他的收入约为 $110,000。

在 2023 年夏天从曼谷的岗位调任后，胡先生在近三年前成为了纽约市 3.1 million 外籍居民中的一员。但他很快遇到了障碍：在没有信用记录、没有报税单且没有租房担保人的情况下寻找公寓。

“不交税听起来很酷，”胡先生说，“但它也带来了很多问题。”

他发现许多同事都住在少数几个特定的住宅开发区，包括斯图伊文特镇（Stuyvesant Town）。然而，在这里租房与泰国首都的感觉截然不同——在曼谷，一套拥有顶楼无边泳池和高级健身房的高层公寓豪华单间月租可能仅为 $600。

因此，他在皇后区长岛市找到了一套单身公寓，室内配有洗衣机，他伴着亨特角南区（Hunters Point South）附近拍岸的浪涛声入眠。在 $3,000 的租金中，他的雇主补贴 $700，水电费和利息每月约为 $100。

“与在曼哈顿租房相比，这里的性价比高得多，”他说。

详细资料

姓名 胡伟南 (Weinan Hu)

家庭成员 1 人

居住地 皇后区，长岛市

职业 全球研究员

为明天而储蓄

许多纽约市的年轻人不会开车，并预期在他们生命的大部分时间里都将是租房者。但胡先生并非如此。

他每月将大约 $2,000 存入一个高收益储蓄账户，渴望买一辆车。他心仪的是马自达 C8-5。但他预计自己需要支付全额现金，这是缺乏信用或纳税记录的另一个后果——而积累足够的资金还需要大约三年的时间。

最终，他想拥有一个租约。“我知道纽约市的大多数人不在意，”他说，“但对我来说，这非常重要。”

胡先生还资助他退休的父母，每三个月寄回约 $2,000。作为独生子，他一方面因为住在离家约 6,000 英里远的地方而感到愧疚，另一方面觉得有义务回报他们的牺牲。

“人们会说，‘噢，你是单身。你没有妻子，也没有孩子，’”他说，“所以你的钱全部是属于你自己的。”

接着我会说，“不好意思，我的父母还活着。”

不过，在其他方面，胡先生符合一个普通单身汉的特征：他很少在家里做饭。“我的烤箱基本上就是个储物空间。”

相反，他在 Too Good To Go 上寻找实惠的交易，这是一个餐厅以折扣价出售剩余食物的流行应用程序。他的首选是布鲁克林格林点（Greenpoint）的 Chinese Musician，那里提供一份 $9 的三道式餐点。

有时，胡先生会在 4916 街的 Nishida Sho-ros 吃一份 $16 的 toniestos rumen 作为午餐，或者在贝尔维尤医院（Bellevue Hospital）前的餐车购买一份他声称的 $8 盖饭，或者在 Gray's Papaya 买一个 $5.20 的热狗。他会顺道去 America 的 Dollar General 补货他最喜欢的饮料——可口可乐橙味奶油口味。

而且他每隔几个月会攒钱去尝试一次高端餐饮体验。最近，他在米其林星级主厨 Daniel Boubet 的餐厅 La Tête d'Or 庆祝，在那儿他花费了大约 $300，并点了他称之为招牌的菲力牛排。

他每三个月给退休的父母寄约 $3,000。

狮子队胜过尼克斯队

对于任何体育迷来说，现在住在纽约市是一个不可思议的时代。

但对于胡先生来说，在麦迪逊广场花园（Madison Square Garden）观看尼克斯队比赛的票价让他感到“古巴主义地被吓跑了”——而且这还是在他们进入冠军争夺战之前。因此，他开始虔诚地在哥伦比亚大学关注篮球，去参加在 Sherenguide Heights 校园内票价通常在 $28 到 $32 之间的比赛。

在洋基队的比赛中，400 层级别的座位可能需要 $45，对此，他选择在因伍德（Inwood）的罗伯逊球场（Robertson Field）免费近距离观看哥伦比亚大学狮子队（Columbia Lions）的比赛。

对于某些单一的体育对决，他愿意花费高达约 $200。他仍然记得去年夏天在一场皇家马德里对阵多特蒙德的比赛中，Sultan Mbappe 在 16:01 飞奔过球场的场景。

不过，通常情况下，他会选择低成本或免费的活动，比如今年春季的麦迪逊大道画廊漫步（Madison Avenue Gallery Walk）。

他还经常参加亚洲协会（Asia Society）的免费讲座（他通过雇主获得了免费会员资格），以及在纽约大学（N.Y.U.）等当地大学参加活动，在那里他结识了两款他最喜欢的视频游戏《上古卷轴》（The Elder Scrolls）和《纪念碑谷》（Monument Valley）背后的设计者。

旅情之思

自胡先生记忆以来，他一直感受到一种探索世界的磁石般吸引力。而没有什么比航空更能体现这种向往了。

他有时会前往加拿大，观看飞机在肯尼迪国际机场降落，研究飞行员如何拉起机头并在触地前调整下降角度。在社区散步时，他甚至发现了其他与之志同道合的人。

旅行让他与自己的爱好结合得更加紧密。去年 6 月，他花费 $4,400 了一次前往广州的旅行，为了第一次乘坐空中客车 A200——这是世界上唯一的一种全长双层客机。卡塔尔航空是少数仍拥有活跃机队的航空公司之一，因此胡先生通过印度安排了他的行程。

“有些人认为这是在炫耀，”他说，“但不，这只是为了欣赏这样一个如今极其罕见的惊人机器。”

“这是一个古怪且小众的爱好，但我很乐意为此花钱。”

作为一个生活在第七个国家的年轻人——在比利时、中国、意大利、波兰、泰国和英国之后——他认为，作为“这座城市的外国人，你不必担心自己是否显得格格不入”。

他将探索范围从布鲁克林的皇冠高地（Crown Heights）扩展到了皇后区的杰克逊高地（Jackson Heights），随机搭乘火车在某个站点下车，走进 bedguns 与店主聊天。他认为史汀岛（Sisters Island）及其在史汀港（Sting Harbor）的中国学者花园（成人票价 $5）是一颗隐藏的明珠。

当他在舰队周（Fleet Week）后登上“美国巴坦号”（U.S.A. Bataan）时，他觉得有必要告诉一名海军陆战队员他是中国人。“对方说：‘噢，完全没问题。任何人都可以成为美国人。’”

“坦白说，我认为这里的性价比仍然不高，”胡先生在谈到纽约市时说：“但它有一些独特之处，我认为那就是包容性。”

“你不需要走向世界，”他说，“世界会来到你面前。”

从上至下：胡先生在家里；他经常在廉价餐厅用餐，每隔几个月攒钱吃一顿高档大餐；家里摆放着小型飞机模型；有时他会观看飞机在肯尼迪国际机场起降。

---

纽约时报，星期日，2020 年 8 月 2 日

MS 5

餐厅服务社区 诸多变迁

Cafe Magader 已经与东村（East Village）的基因融合在一起。

作者：BRIGGS ANDELSON

当里夫卡·奥林（Rivka Orlin）和她的哥哥约西·查云（Yosi Chayun）于 1963 年在圣马克斯广场 101 号（101 St. Marks Place）开设 Magader 咖啡馆时，她以他们在摩洛哥大西洋沿岸的故乡为其命名。

自 20 世纪中期起被称作 Ecussanis 的该地区，曾由 15 世纪的葡萄牙征服者掌控于 Magader 之中。据信，这个词是更古老的柏柏尔语名称“coin-ice-burque”的一种变体。到 20 世纪 60 年代，Magader 已成为一片希伯来文化浓厚的聚集地；而当奥林在 20 世纪 80 年代初初次抵达纽约东村时，那里也拥有类似的弥散吸引力。

“我从一开始就爱上了这个街区，”她说。

10 当然，这种特质并非新鲜事。东村长期以来一直吸引着艺术家、音乐家、作家和活动人士。圣马克斯广场从第三大道延伸至坦普尔顿广场公园西侧的 A 大道，其层次之丰富不亚于任何考古遗址。

亚历山大·汉密尔顿的遗孀贝齐·舒勒·汉密尔顿（Betsy Schuyler Hamilton）在 1633 年至 1841 年间，曾住在圣马克斯广场 1 号的一栋优雅联排别墅中。七十年后，在一段黑历史之后，在 77 号，罗特勒-哈领导人路易·特劳基（Louis Troulky）在同一栋建筑的地下办公室里创办了一份俄语小报；而从 20 世纪 50 年代开始，英国裔美国诗人 M. Auden 在该建筑中租了一套公寓，居住了近 20 年。1946 年，安迪·拉希尔（Andy Rachel）将 27 号的一家名为 Dem 的旧波兰社交俱乐部部分改造为迪斯科舞厅，由 The Velvet Underground 担任驻场乐队。此外，在第二大道对面还有 Club 57，那里是 20 世纪 60 年代初让-米歇尔·巴斯基亚（Jean-Michel Bougrain）和麦当娜（Madonna）的最爱。

在 Magader 咖啡馆开业前后——这家店位于原马克·克里希纳（Marc Krishna）的店面，比街道低几个台阶——你在东村能找到的大多数食物都是东欧风味的。波兰舞蹈和犹太女孩是主调。Magader 被认为是该街区第一家北非餐厅，也是全市仅有的几家之一。“我凭记忆烹饪我母亲在家厨房里做过的菜，”奥林说。“我供应带标签的腿肉……[以及] 塔吉锅（tagiors）、腌叶子鸡、shakshaks、配 charranata 酱（一种类似氯仿的草本酵母）的卷肝。我还准备了加入到许多菜肴中的 harrout。有些东西人们当时还不认识。”

40 年多以后，Magader 咖啡馆依然提供许多这些菜肴，并为前来享用迟来的早餐、午餐或晚餐的各类食客提供几款点心，人们填满了小桌旁的木质挂椅和亮红色椅子，或是灶台边的蓝色凳子。两个相邻的餐厅被刷成白色，黄色和红色的外套被塞进彩色的陶瓷花瓶中。一个高架子上摆放着绘制精美的塔吉锅（tagiors），这种摩洛哥餐具以该国最具代表性的菜肴命名。

在较小房间的一面墙上，贴着家人的照片，包括一张奥林父母在 1920 年代的照片。她的母亲奥夫斯特·查云（Ofst Chayun）穿着一件时尚的飞女裙（flapper dress），而她的父亲雅各布（Jacob）则……

自 1963 年起，一座烹饪之桥便将

摩洛哥与纽约联系在一起。

plays an end, a stripped instrument com-own in North Africa. No run a spicy shop in Magader, and the couple raised 12 children. In the 1930s, much of the family immigrated to Israel.

1961 年，Orlits 的丈夫 Arógine Orlin 与 Yosi 开设了深受喜爱的 Café Orlin，一家破碎的店，同样位于圣马克斯广场（St. Marks Place）。Rivka 和 Arógine 最初与两个儿子住在第九街和 A 大道，随后搬到了第一街。如今，他们的旧-wit, Rafael Chayun, 监管着位于布鲁克林威廉斯堡的 Cafe Magader 园区。Danny Orlin 与他的母亲及表亲 Jacob Ahryan 共同经营原有的 Magader。（这两位表亲还计划在秋季于圣马克斯广场对面开一家酒吧。）Yosi 虽已基本退休，但仍不时来店里品尝新食谱。这里有一种亲切且轻盈的家庭氛围。

音响系统经常播放 R&B 音乐，以及法国风格和北非曲目；入夜后，咖啡馆里嘈杂地交织着纽约特有的那种紧迫的群体交流感。在 Magader，人们通常会点一种 tagiors：（我最喜欢的是配有炖蛋白和蛋白质的午餐）或者一份 bautilla，一种用片状面皮包裹香料鸡丝、鸡蛋、洋葱和杏仁的摩洛哥糕点。

上图为 1963 年 Cafe Magader 的开业之夜，与所有者 Rivka Orlin 及一名共同所有者合影。顶部为各类菜肴以及位于圣马克斯广场 101 号的餐厅主餐厅。

Malawach，一种配有水煮蛋的 Yerexine，出现在周末好友菜单上，此外还有用 bagarines 制作的法式吐司，以及以香辣番茄酱为特色的摩洛哥班尼迪克蛋。Adolf Mück 担任主厨已有数十年。

这里还有 Magader 汉堡和薯条，配以 harrout 口味的番茄酱，以及几道印度菜，包括酸奶腌制鸡肉和在tandoori烤炉中制作的烤肉。“印度食物是北非和中东菜肴的邻居，”Danny 说道。“它们在菜单上愉快地共存。我称之为东村 Cuevas。”

Cafe Magader 小小的面对街露台在温暖月份的周末最为迷人，此时圣马克斯广场在第一大道和 A 大道之间的大部分时间是对车辆关闭的。在如今的夏日夜晚，你可以坐在那里，饮用薄荷茶， nibble on faded or flathered or Moroccan crevies，由几只 chowder-mugs 散发光芒，看人流经过。“如果你住在东村，Magader 就会成为你生活的一部分，”28 岁的演员 Fernando Casablanca 说道，他来到这家餐厅时曾在附近的纽约大学就读。所有者之一 Arindad Srinivas-Dadiy，23 岁，是一位曾在 1963 年在 Magader 工作过的行为艺术家的女儿。她说，她的母亲“与这个家庭成为了朋友”，并且“我是在这里过来的过程中长大的”。

即便如今的东村充满了豪华公寓和咖啡馆，圣马克斯广场的这一段仍保留着轻微的绅士化痕迹。成立于 1959 年的 Holiday Cocktail Lounge 依然在 75 号。传说基思·理查兹（Keith Richards）、Ramones 乐队，以及早期的 Frank Straete 都在这家酒吧喝酒。位于 Cafe Magader 对面的 Pan City Tattons 自 1970 年起就一直维持着其 raky 贸易。但或许最能抵御岁月侵蚀的是 Dr. Richard Magader，在圣马克斯广场提供避风港，免受这座躁动城市的风雨影响。

军团菌病已在城市中扎根

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感染了聚集在费城最大酒店参加 1970 年美国退伍军人协会 (American Legion) 大会的退伍军人们。

这种神秘的军团菌病——正如报纸所称的那样——似乎凭空出现。几个月来，疾病侦探们一直在寻找原因，最终锁定了一种此前未知的细菌，联邦微生物学家将其命名为军团菌 (Legionella)。

当军团菌被发现时，公共卫生当局将其描述为一种挑剔且极端的细菌。它实际上延迟了被发现的时间，因为它无法在其他细菌能够繁衍的实验室技术环境下生长。虽然它天然存在于水和土壤中，但它需要特定的条件才能繁殖到足以传播疾病的数量。它喜欢 90 度以上的温水，以及含有铁或腐蚀物的水。

联邦科学家在近一个世纪前就发现证据表明，该细菌在陈旧的管道系统以及大型空调系统产生的死水（停滞水）中生长旺盛。简而言之，这种细菌喜欢城市。

如今的纽约拥有军团菌生长和感染人们所需的一切：腐蚀的水管，以及大量拥有复杂管道系统和中央空调系统的大型用水建筑。

在过去的十年里，市政府采取了严厉的检测和消毒要求。在最初 20 年里，重点关注的是大型建筑的空调系统，这些建筑通常被认为是疫情爆发的根源。但人们越来越担心这种方法是否有效，相关专家和医生建议，对抗军团菌病的战斗必须超越那些可能滋生细菌的空调系统，并延伸到 70% 以下的管道系统中。

虽然纽约市的军团菌病发病率最高，但该疾病在美国全境都在稳步上升。在过去的 25 年里，病例率上升了 20% 以上。大多数病例并非与重大疫情相关，而是涉及单个病例或一次仅有少数病例。这些散发性感染可能在军团菌进入建筑管道系统、花洒或其他设施时发生。

军团菌可以在生物膜中生长——这是一种由包括细菌在内的微生物组成的亮闪闪的层，覆盖在水管和管道过滤器的内壁。当水压迅速变化时，生物膜可能会脱落一部分军团菌，从而引起严重的肺炎。

“很多事情都可能导致这种水压变化，包括在热浪期间使用消防栓，或者孩子们玩水，”加利福尼亚州的一位高级水务经理罗伯特·W·鲍考克 (Robert W. Bowcock) 说道，他与“预防军团菌病联盟”相关联，这是一个由冷却塔和其他设备制造商支持的倡导组织。他说，在大型公寓楼中，用水模式的变化可能会扰动生物膜。

在纽约市，散发性的军团菌病病例与建筑用水系统有关。当居民吸入富含细菌的水滴（包括洗澡时）就会发生这种情况。市卫生部门会不时敦促某栋建筑的居民停止使用花洒。虽然健康的人很少发病，但年龄较大或有基础健康状况的人则容易感冒。

尽管如此，大规模感染事件往往与冷却塔产生的水雾有关。

在大型建筑中，中央空调系统产生温水，这些水被储存在被称为冷却塔的屋顶装置中。然后，风扇将空气吹过水面，通过蒸发将其冷却。但这些冷却塔及其温水、腐蚀的金属和污垢，可以成为细菌的培养皿。冷却塔风扇产生的水雾可以将人们感染至几个街区之外。

“如果你想加热并强制培养军团菌，No. 1 热源是藻类，而空气和源头则是腐蚀，”一家冷却塔制造公司的销售总监迈卡·柯蒂斯（Micah Curtis）说道。

冷却塔此前曾被牵涉其中，包括 2010 年在布朗克斯（Bronx）爆发的疫情以及去年的哈莱姆区（Harlem）疫情。

纽约市拥有近 4,000 座冷却塔，其中约四分之三位于曼哈顿。卫生部门对这些冷却塔的位置进行了记录，以便在疫情期间进行检测。

市卫生部门会对军团菌进行检测，这种细菌会导致在夏季感染了城市中许多人的疾病。上方的克里斯汀·布雷塞尔（Christine Bressell），87 岁，与她的儿子马克·布雷塞尔（Mark Bressell）在一起，她在感染军团病前不久刚刚结束了一次图书推广活动。

市里还开始要求业主对其进行军团菌检测，最初每 90 天一次。在去年的疫情之后，这一周期被缩短至 30 天。

但当时担任市卫生局代理局长的迈克尔·摩斯（Michael Morse）博士去年表示，鉴于细菌繁殖速度之快，即使是频繁检测也无法防止所有疫情的爆发。

上个月，87 岁的克里斯汀·布雷塞尔（Christine Bressell）在东伊丽莎白镇（East Elizabetown）被该部门记录在案。作为一名建筑师和空气消费者病例，她此前刚刚在大都会艺术博物馆的一个大展以及自由女神像的模特展中发挥了作用。她说，在她的图书推广活动后仅 26 天。

现在，她无法从地板上起来。腹泻（diarrhoea）在那里发现了她：第二天，7 月 2, 并叫了救护车，根据她的儿子所述。

同一天，在半英里外，一名 88 岁的空军退伍军人及退休商人罗伯特·戈尔德斯坦（Robert Goldstein）出现了 100 度的发烧。他的妻子坚持要求他去医院。

布雷塞尔先生说，戈尔德斯坦先生成为了今年夏天疫情的首批受害者，在住院两周多后不幸去世。

“这是一个你看不见的东西，一个无形的时刻，一种就这样进入肺部并将他从我身边夺走的东西，”戈尔德斯坦先生的遗孀艾达·戈尔德斯坦（Ida Goldstein）在新闻发布会上说道。

卫生部门对此作出的回应是在从中央公园到东河的区域内检测了 100 多座冷却塔。

在初步筛选中，有 70 多座检测结果呈阳性，表明存在军团菌 DNA，无论细菌是死是活。这些冷却塔可能分布在公寓群、学校和房屋、以及包括古根海姆博物馆和大都会艺术博物馆在内的机构中。

“这些结果都表明，军团菌在我们的建筑环境中是多么普遍，”市卫生局局长艾莉森·马丁（Alison Martin）博士说。

他下令，在初步筛选中呈阳性的冷却塔必须被排空并消毒，而不是像过去那样等待确认性检测。

该市的应对措施似乎有效。大多数患者在 7 月 2 至 7 月 5, 之间被诊断，自 7 月 15 以来没有报告新病例。

对于卫生当局来说，问题很明确：冷却塔中充斥着细菌。

他们尚未确定此次疫情的源头。他们将寻找从患者身上提取的军团菌气体代码与从冷却塔中提取的样本之间的匹配项。

但这种快速反应无法防止 2010 年代 1980 年代纽约市每年早期的所有军团病病例。虽然美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的研究人员在 2010 年回顾了北美数十次过去的疫情，但他们得出结论，冷却塔约造成了四分之一的病例。水系统造成了超过一半的病例。

迈克尔·奥林（Michael Orlin）博士是一位在 2010 年布朗克斯疫情期间治疗过军团病患者的传染病专家，他表示，他认为目前的风险来自于水龙头和淋浴喷头流出的水。

“多年来，卫生部门一直没有强调要确定那七八栋建筑，那里有几名居民感染了军团菌，且管道系统中发现了令人担忧数量的细菌。

“他们一直关注冷却塔，”奥林博士说。“他们一直在清洗，但这种情况仍然在发生。”

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纽约时报，周日，2020年8月2日

一个旨在让乘客愉悦的地铁分心之作

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交通局。随后，Mullen 先生寻求他的朋友和通勤爱好者的帮助，将其改造为一个让忙碌的纽约人真正愿意停留的地方。

曾在《纽约客》发表作品的漫画家 Edward Steed 设计了一幅由火车、巴士和行人组成的奇幻壁画，环绕在报刊亭周围。喜剧演员、作家和艺术家们正在为这座城市的 473 个地铁站创建旅行指南。其中许多将在报刊亭分发。

Mullen 先生还计划提供现场娱乐活动，包括在火车到站和离站之间进行的木偶戏。他正在搭建一个带有新杆子的空间展位，通勤者可以通过抓握该杆子来发现“他们的内在地铁线”。画面将显示一个围绕在他们周围的彩色圆圈，对应一条特定的地铁线，并成为他们的“侧边”区域。

即便是在尚未完工的状态下，位于 R、D、F 和 M 线市中心站台上的这个报刊亭已经热闹非凡。乘客们走过来询问火车方向。一群青少年迅速钻到柜台后面，像在自己家一样自在，请求分给他们 Newport 品牌香烟。

前几天，柜台后面放着五个巨大的圆钟，全部显示完全相同的时间。每个时钟下方都贴着一张黄色便利贴，上面用红色潦草地写着这座城市五名青少年中的一名姓名。

35 岁的软件工程师 Marlene Kossan 匆匆告诉 Mullen 先生她有多喜欢这些钟。

“我觉得这很有趣，”Kossan 女士随后说道。“这像是一种纽约风格，或者说任何地方都适用——这就是你所需要的所有时间。”

Mullen 先生在马萨诸塞州的沿海小镇 Scissors 长大，后来在加利福尼亚州的 Occidental 学院学习电影。他于 2011 年抵达纽约市，从事电影和视频编辑工作。在业余时间，他编写并表演单口喜剧。

但到 2018 年，Mullen 先生准备做出改变。有一天在报到参加陪审团职责时，他环顾布鲁克林法院中所有不同的人，意识到自己的世界多么狭小。“我想用同样的方式接触人们，”他说。“我意识到，与陪审团职责最接近的地方就是地铁。”

于是，Mullen 先生将地铁变成了他的舞台。他在一张家庭照片上创建了《公共交通杂志》，并以游击战式地在火车上分发。它看起来像个学校项目，但聚集了一批才华横溢的喜剧演员、作家、漫画家和插画师，包括作者及前《周六夜现场》作者 Jack Handey，以及演员兼喜剧演员 David Cross。

随着影响力的增加，他在 2024 年结识了 David Prize 的执行主任 Erika Augustine。他申请了该奖项，该奖项每年向五位致力于让这座城市变得更好的纽约人共颁发 $1 million。虽然 Mullen 先生没有获奖，但由于他留下了深刻印象。

“我认为他对交通系统的热爱具有极其独特的纽约特色，”Augustine 女士说，并补充道，Mullen 先生激励了其他乘客在面对火车延误和减班的常规抱怨时，能够看到更远的地方。

去年，Mullen 先生带着他关于交通主题报刊亭的想法联系了 Augustine 女士。她将他与 Art on the Ave NYC 的执行主任、2025 年 David Prize 最终入围者 Barbara Anderson 联系在一起。

自 2020 年以来，Anderson 女士的团体已经在全市 104 个空置的零售空间组织了艺术展览。去年，该团体将曼哈顿 West Erie Street 站的一个报刊亭改造成了一个录音室，乘客可以在那里停下来唱歌、弹钢琴、担任 DJ 并观看现场演出。

在 6 月的一个周六，Mullen 先生在 West Fourth Street 站外第一次举起报刊亭的钥匙。“感觉我像是在拿着一座最小的奖杯，”他说完后走向楼梯，看看自己究竟开启了什么样的旅程。

几分钟后，他检查了报刊亭，发现 2018 年的《Us Weekly》和《Cosmopolitan》杂志仍摆在架子上，角落里还有一个没插电的可口可乐冰箱。几个展示柜上写满了涂鸦，所有东西都覆盖着一层厚厚的污垢。

“我觉得这里有很多机会，很多灰尘，但没看到老鼠，”他说。

穆伦先生带着清洁用品和朋友们回来刷洗报刊亭。他们发现了一个 25 美分硬币并把它放在柜台上。一名男子跑过来，抓起硬币就跳上了一辆火车。“太绝了，”穆伦先生说，“他搭上了一辆‘逃跑火车’。”

这座前报刊亭是 M.T.A. 一项于 2023 年启动的计划的重点，该计划旨在通过公共艺术展来激活地铁内的前零售空间。目前共有 17 个站点，包括这个报刊亭。

身为喜剧演员和作家的穆伦（右上图）在首次检查位于西第四街站（West Fourth Street station）下城区 R、D、F、M 站台的报刊亭时，发现 2018 年的《Us Weekly》和《Cosmopolitan》杂志仍在架上，该项目将于本周末开放。

“我觉得这里有很多机会，很多灰尘，但没看到老鼠。”

（此处提及）被改造为录音棚的区域，以及布鲁克林大军广场站（Grand Army Plaza station）另一个变成了恐龙博洛加（bologa）的前零售单元。

穆伦先生获得了来自 David Prize 的 10,000 美元初始资金来开发并开放他的报刊亭。他花费了 4,200 美元在壁画上，其中包括将其制作成乙烯基材质的费用。他计划向其他贡献的艺术家和作家（包括那些编写车站指南的人）每人支付 100 美元。

穆伦先生在一家游戏节目中担任作家，他还没有给自己发工资。他说，他将报刊亭视为一个可以与更多人合作的空间。“纽约的特点就是与人同行，处于社区之中，”他说，“而这绝对是一种延伸。”

穆伦先生和他的朋友们将在周五至周日期间轮流在报刊亭值班。他希望筹集更多资金，以维持报刊亭在未来一年的运行。

莉莉·克兰道尔（Lily Crandall），26 岁，一名纺织艺术家，她是第二个制作地铁工作人员交易卡的人，并且有着个人联系——她的曾祖父曾是第八大道线的调度员。“我喜欢他的所有想法，”她在谈到穆伦先生时说，“参与其中真的很有趣。”

前几天，哈里斯·奥尔特曼（Harris Alterman），16 岁，以及戴夫·罗斯（Dave Ross），43 岁，两人都是喜剧演员，正在报刊亭测量尺寸。六月份，他们拍摄了一段视频，在布鲁克林地铁站张贴（类似于临时凿刻的）岩石广告，以取代他们认为令人厌烦且丑陋的真实广告。在他们的视频走红后，罗斯先生在社交媒体上询问是否有人能提供地铁内的空间。穆伦先生回复道：“我想我可以。”现在，该报刊亭将于 8 月 6 日举办为期一天的假岩石广告装置展。

“我热爱这座城市中如此丰富的艺术和音乐——以及许多虽然不在谜题之中，但城市依然暗示着它们的存在，”罗斯先生说，“只要你能找到，任何事物都有一个小场景。”

他给曼达尼寄了一美元。市政厅把它退回了。

一名布鲁克林艺术家表示，他原希望市长能将这张钞票贴在办公桌上方。

作者：AMBER BARRON

居住在布鲁克林克罗顿高地（Croton Heights）的艺术家史蒂夫·皮克尔斯（Steve Pikelsy）赢得了市长佐尔塔拉·曼达尼（Zoltara Mamdani）的 1 美元。皮克尔斯先生说：“一张‘好运美元’，就像那些贴在波罗尼亚（bologa）柜台上的东西一样。”

这是一张看起来很普通的 1 美元钞票。皮克尔斯先生在部分艺术作品中将金钱作为画布，他在白发苍苍的乔治·华盛顿头像上加上了一个曼达尼风格的边框。他还写道：“祝曼达尼市长好运！”他使用电脑控制的绘图机，用大写字母绘制了一个圆圆的、看起来模糊地像蜘蛛网的设计。

市长办公室将这张装饰过的美元退回了。

信中告知皮克尔斯先生，该市的利益冲突法“不允许他接受这份礼物”。这封仅有三句话的信感谢了他的慷慨——且他的信件是“不可靠的”。

他说，市政厅不接受这笔钱的想法“在经历了像亚当斯那样的人之后，某种程度上令人耳目一新”，这是在提及

纽约时报

曼达尼的前任埃里克·亚当斯（Eric Adams），他曾被指控犯有联邦腐败罪，但后来在特朗普政府的要求下被撤销。

皮克尔斯先生对现任市长的评价如何？“到目前为止他做得不错，”皮克尔斯先生说，并补充道，曼达尼在去年的民主党初选中并不是他的首选，但他在 11 月投票给了他。“我没什么可抱怨的，”他说。“他正在处理所有那些枯燥的市政管理事务，坦率地说，我认为这才是市长最重要的工作。”

皮克尔斯先生希望他的尝试能换回一些东西：与市长共处的一点时间。

（图片说明：史蒂夫·皮克尔斯寄给市长佐尔塔拉·曼达尼的装饰钞票。这位艺术家原还希望通过这种方式与市长进行一点抗议。）

“最初的计划是：我给曼达尼寄这 1 美元，他会很喜欢，然后像在波罗尼亚那样把它贴在办公桌上方，接着他会想和我一起吃午餐，然后我就向他推销我关于纽约土地价值税的想法。”

这引发了皮克尔斯先生的一次经济学指导。他说自己就读于巴德学院（Bard College），2011, 届经济学专业，在投身艺术之前曾担任金融分析师和软件工程师。土地价值税是对财产未改良价值征收的税，因此空地的所有者与拥有同等大小且建有超级建筑地块的所有者所缴纳的税款相同。

他说，通过土地价值税，“你是在激励人们建造更多房屋；而当你征收财产税时，如果你建造一座单元更多的更大建筑，你的税单金额就会增加。”

市长的一位发言人表示，退回款项是市长函件办公室的惯例。她表示，在曼达尼就职的几个月里，办公室共收到过五次现金，以及五张支票和一张礼品卡（一家甜甜圈店的），这些会被视为捐赠，但该发言人表示，此次并未包含任何现金或支票。

市长办公室发给皮克尔斯先生的信件将其引导至纽约市利益冲突委员会的网站。该委员会执行主任 Conflicts Hitler 表示，利益冲突法禁止“除了来自该市以外，不得接受任何来源的履行公务报酬”——且接受一张写着“祝曼达尼市长好运！”的 1 美元钞票并不符合收入定义。

“在所述情况下，”她表示，这笔钱是给市长的，因为他身为市长。

像皮克尔斯先生那样在货币上书写和绘画，在联邦法律下似乎并不违法，除非它改变了法律地位——或者他没有看到异议。尽管在 $1 钞票的 i 之后添加来源可能并不合法，即使该陈述显然是以开玩笑的方式驱动的，且艺术家并没有试图将结果伪造成一张 $100 钞票。

皮克尔斯先生表示，金钱并非他唯一的创作媒介。他是奥地利日内瓦动态影像博物馆（Museum of the Moving Image）委托进行现场及在线展览的四位艺术家之一，并表示他的部分工作是对任何 $1 钞票进行启动服务。他也没有因为这项工作从博物馆获得现金。

“他们向我的银行账户汇款了，”他说。

---

纽约时报，星期日，2026年8月2日

NR 7

Aaron Kalamazoo (照片) 与 Cynthia Tate (左) 1946 (1946) (照片)

在曼哈顿下城培育友谊的尝试

14th Street Y 已经是人们聚集的场所，而现在它致力于建立更紧密的纽带。

作者：WINSOR BO

数以千计的纽约人来到这家位于曼哈顿东村的犹太社区中心，是为了使用健身房、参加课程或观看戏剧，但许多人并没有在这里停留。

因此，该中心启动了一项重大努力，旨在让他们留下来。

这座被称为 14th Street Y 的 Sol Goldman YM-YWBA 中心，在新冠疫情导致活动受限且许多人忍受煎熬之后，花费了数万美元，使其更像一个社交聚集地。

2024 年，14th Street Y 将其利用率低的大堂改造为一个温馨的咖啡馆和艺术画廊，配备了 81 杯咖啡（供应量）、舒适的座位和茂盛的植物。虽然这里已经提供付费的学习和绘画课程，但它招募了当地社区成员来领导一些对所有人免费开放的俱乐部。

从那时起，该中心的“Downtown Together”俱乐部已经接待了 420 多人，让他们通过共同的兴趣和爱好（如烹饪、编织和电影）建立联系。一些参加俱乐部的成员已经多年未进入该社区中心，甚至从未进入过。

60 岁的 Maribel Gomez 是一位退休社会工作者，偶尔使用健身房，现在她成了该俱乐部的一员。“如果我不在这里，我一整天都会在家里看 Netflix，所以这里让我走出了家门——让我结识了人们，”她说道。

但这次社区建设的实践对 14th Street Y 来说也是一次学习经历。一些俱乐部，如 Mizzigan Licensing Party，从未引起太多关注。一个西班牙语俱乐部在没有人挺身而出维持运作后渐渐消失。一些俱乐部因为冬季恶劣的天气而不得不取消会议。

其他俱乐部虽然把人们聚集在同一个房间里，但尚未在会议之外培养出许多深厚的友谊，至少目前还没有。

四月份在 VERNSON 的一次活动中，Gomez 女士与另外 20 人一起，在社区中心的一间舞蹈室里随着萨尔萨舞曲的响起而舞步轻盈。

“没错，就是这样，”舞蹈指导 Leonardo Sardella 大声喊道。歌曲结束时，他告诉他们在萨尔萨俱乐部里放松并社交。

“有时在课上，人们担心需要数拍子或学习舞步，”他在休息期间说。“这里不像那样。我们能做多少就做多少——重点在于快乐。”

膝盖有伤的 Gomez 女士跟不上节奏，随后靠在墙边。可以看到其他舞者加入了她。作为一名古巴移民，Gomez 女士与她上个月认识的一位名叫 Florina Chuy 的女性用西班牙语交谈。Chuy 女士同样来自古巴，直到负责人宣布结束时，她们仍在交谈。

“我们把这地方给‘占领’了，”Gomez 女士在她们一起走出去时说道。

14th Street Y 是 Educational Alliance 的一部分。该非营利组织的首席执行官 Rich Baum 表示，社区建设处于“组织的基石（USA）”地位。

该联盟成立于 1888 年，旨在在下东区建立一所定居所，为贫困的犹太移民提供社会服务。20 世纪 90 年代中期，它接管了 14th Street Y，后者的根源可以追溯到 1905 年的另一所定居所。

该联盟花费了约 $50,000 来重新——

萨尔萨舞、桥牌、电影等。在这个 Y 中心，这里有一个族群。

将 14th Street Y 的大堂重新设计为一个“第三空间”，让人们可以在家、工作场所或学校之外聚集。“他们只是进进出出，现在他们可以在这里停留，坐一会儿，喝杯咖啡，或者在游泳前在这里闲逛，”Baum 先生说。

但 Baum 先生指出，仅仅共享空间是不够的，人们可以并肩坐在长凳上或在杂货店的走道里购物而从未说一句话。“如果你看看纽约市，这是一个许多人并肩而居的地方，”他说。“但他们并没有真正地生活在一起。”

因此，接下来的步骤是给人们提供一个可以产生联系的共同话题。14th Street Y 的执行董事 Alexis Offitt 和成人及健康项目高级总监 Julie Goyer-Kirk 向数千名当地居民发送了一封电子邮件，列出了一系列社团构思，请他们勾选感兴趣的项目或提出自己的建议。一名女性极力争取建立一个桥牌俱乐部，并同意担任负责人。

他们精简了这些想法，并在 2024 年 10 月的一次开放日活动中推出了包括桥牌在内的六个社团。

纽约大学社会学教授、《人民的宫殿》（Palaces for the People）一书作者 Eric Klinenberg 表示，14th Street Y 的校友已经成为这座城市“社会基础设施”的一部分，就像图书馆、公园和操场一样，能够促进联系并增强社区凝聚力。

他说：“当我们定期与同一群人在一起做自己喜欢的事情时，我们开始建立友谊，产生归属感和信任感。”

但在最近的一份报告中，Klinenberg 先生发现，全国范围内的此类社会基础设施往往不足、缺乏管理且被低估。他说：“我们的社会基础设施正在崩溃，”因为“许多社区没有资源去开展这类活动。”

教育联盟（Educational Alliance）最初在预算极低的情况下启动了这些社团，但去年，它获得了纽约犹太社区关系委员会（Jewish Community Relations Council of New York）的一笔 $25,000 的拨款。今年 1 月，该计划扩大到了 12 个社团。

14th Street Y 通过其新闻通讯、社交媒体以及直接接触社区领袖和团体（包括少数族裔和同辈社区）来推广“市区同心”（Downtown Together）社团，以传播消息。

这些社团每月至少聚会一次，涵盖广泛的兴趣，包括书籍、法语、太极、桥牌以及

（图注，从上至下：Leonardo Sardella 在 14th Street Y 的萨尔萨舞俱乐部课程中强调学习步骤；草药师 Shorter Fireworks 带领课程；萨尔萨舞学生在休息。）

编织和钩织。有一个舞球组，另一个则是为演员和剧作家设立的。在“通过讨论建立社区之桥”社团中，人们围坐在桌旁畅谈生活。

一个 4 月的傍晚，54 岁的 Herminia Coles 在“烹饪之趣”社团中品尝着草药茶，与新朋友聊天。她说：“目前因为 Coral，在接近他人时有很多摩擦，无论是眼神交流还是交谈。有时很难建立联系。”

Coles 女士说，在 14th Street Y 她不必担心这些。“感觉就像在家一样，”她说，“你和家人朋友在一起。”

但其他人表示，虽然他们喜欢参加社团，但活动结束后并没有一起闲逛，目前还太早判断 14th Street Y 能否成功成为社区的聚集地。

81 岁的 Judith Lukin 在一次 4 月的“通过讨论建立社区之桥”社团会议后表示：“我很希望看到这种情况发生，但我不太确定他们是否能实现。”

尽管如此，Klinenberg 先生认为这些社团是“联系连续体”的一部分。他说：“我们经常讨论得好像唯一重要的事情是建立深厚的友谊。但我认为现实是，在这样一个时刻，简单的归属感就极其重要。”

6 月，所有社团成员都被邀请参加在大堂举行的一场晚餐。大约 80 人出席，其中包括 Gomez 女士，她说她正考虑加入其他社团。现场发放了比四重奏稍小的“市区同心”徽章供人们佩戴。

然后，他们坐在一起，一边交谈一边品尝着各类小吃、馅饼和波兰饺子（pierogies）。随后，他们用香槟和蛋糕庆祝将他们聚集在一起的这些社团。

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8

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026*

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冷冻区的一些品牌在法律上不能将其产品称为冰淇淋。 幸运的是，Tillamook 冰淇淋通过实现高于要求的乳脂含量，超越了冰淇淋的法定标准，因此您可以确信它是真正的、极其浓郁且美味的。

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SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

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$6.00

Migrants waited on a beach for assistance on Saturday after a sudden exodus from Morocco. At least 67 people died in the chaos.

G.O.P. ABOUT-FACE ON MILITARY I.V.E.

Bid to Expand Access to Treatment Is Killed

By KENNY KAHN

WASHINGTON – Republicans in Congress have gazing towards a proposal to expand military health coverage of in vitro fertilization treatment for service members and their families, bonding the cells of anti-attention groups to limit access to a fertility option that President Trump vowed to make more widely available.

The move is a shift from previous years, when there was enough bipartisan support for the idea of broadening the availability of I.V.E for members of the military that it was included in the annual defense bill that passed both the House and Senate. Speaker Mike Johnson was intrigued even in signal negotiations before the legislation became law, but the provisions initial inclusion indicated that the vast majority of Republicans had been willing to accept it.

This year, Republican senators bonded together to bar the measure from being added to the defense bill in the first place. It illustrated how, while many G.O.P. members of Congress have said they are in front of I.V.E across, they have managed behind the scenes to thwart legislative efforts to ensure it.

During a closed-door meeting of the Senate school Services Committee earlier this summer to draft the defense bill, all of Republicans senators voted against adding the I.V.E coverage provision, offered by Senator Tammy Duckworth, Democrat of Illinois.

The military currently covers the treatments only for active-duty service members whose infertility was caused by an injury or illness sustained in the line of duty. Ms. Duckworth's proposal would make it available to other service members and their families.

No outright defeat was a stark turnaround from last year, when the Republican-led panel allowed Ms. Duckworth's proposal to be added by a voice vote, in which senators do not go on the record with a position but sometimes support it assumed. The defense bill then passed the Senate and the House with the language included, though Mr. Johnson later intervened to remove it, the second year it a row he had done so.

Continued on Page 18

The Brief, Puzzling Surge Into a Spanish Enclave

By JASON HURWITZ

CELITA, Spain – Like so many others in Morocco, Mohammed Abtaullah saw on his social media book early Thursday that the heavily guarded border his country shared with the Spanish territory of Costa was open.

Since enough, he joined a crowd in the tons of thousands, many of whom were committed to see the rescue police urge them, as he recalled, to “come to Spain.” Some climbed over the fence, as he did, or drew through holes in the chain.

50,000 From Morocco Overwhelm Ceats, a City of 84,000

link, or swam across the maritime border. Some were wet mats, sometimes kicking with flippers, or floated to the Spanish coast to orange life preservers, grab inflatable doughnuts around their waters. At least 87 people died in the mayhem.

“A lot of people came,” said Mr. Abtaullah, 27, “A lot.”

He was coming straight to 500 people who crossed the border into a Spanish city of only 16,000 residents on Thursday and early Friday, according to the Spanish internet industry. That was a mere intense surge than in any equivocal period during the peak of the European migration crisis in 2015. By Friday morning, the city looked like the emergency that Europe has been trying to avoid since that end of mass migration.!

Continued on Page 10

So much voice has gone unsoiled in California that vineyards are ripping out and burning the vines.

Vintners Are Tearing Out Their Hair, and Vines

By SOUNTA KARLAMANULA

SOLIZIAO, Calif. – In California, a place famous around the world for its viticulture, winemakers produced less wine last year than at any point in the last quarter century. It’s often thought to let grapes rot on the vine than to harvest them because so many unsold bottles clug the district of storerooms and wine shops.

So on a recent morning in Soledad, Calif., in a valley made business by the author John Hornback, Jason Smith acquiesced a simple economics.

A worker uncorrespondingly drove a tractor and ripped out Mr. Smith's plant and grapes from the ground. Another set fire to the

California Hit as Wine Sales Plummet

wandoz posts that for years had prepped up the vines. And Mr. Smith teared against his white Sutherland, under the shade of a central oak, watching one of his plant vineyards go up in smoke.

He had decided to sell all of his land and shut down his family business, which had survived him 10 years. “There’s directly as way for me to make money,” Mr. Smith, 57, said.

Nationwide, wine sales are at least lowest level in more than two decades, as people drink less amid

growing public health warnings that alcohol is unhealthy. Sales have also suffered as many younger drinkers have taken the ditched wines singly and difficult to understand, and preferred canned cocktails, setters and unsaleable beers and spirits.

In California, which produces about 80 percent of the nation’s wines, plant and perhaps best it furnishes the industry’s recent boom-and-bad history.

The fight needed wine originally from France’s Burgundy region was not a key popular among average wine drinkers here than rock such as cabernet sauvignon and merlot. Then came the 2004 movie “Richevay,” which starred

Continued on Page 15

How a Leading Law Firm Stopped Fighting Trump

At Paul Weiss, Pursuit of Corporate Work Clashed With Proud Activist History

By MICHAEL S. SCHMIDT and JESSICA SILVER-GREENBERG

On his desk at the law firm Paul Weiss, Brad Karp keeps a framed picture of a young girl and her father embracing after they had been supported at the end of the immigration policies of the first Trump administration. It is a reminder of one of the first's proudest moments — when Mr. Karp, in chairman, led to lawyers to fight the administration in court and undertaid—the painstaking work to counter filantiles.

“It was a call to arms,” Mr. Karp said later.

But two months into the second Trump administration, when the prevalent came for Paul Weiss with an executive order imposing crippling sanctions, Mr. Karp did not put lay down arms. He rushed to the White House to surrender.

The legal and political worlds were chased. Paul Weiss was a man in the legal business, leaving for its stable of elite litigators and for its history of standing up to the government, and increasing progressive causes going back to the civil rights movement. But writing in the Oral Office in March 2025, Mr. Karp been without slight to an executive order that was widely seen as illegal.

Paul's law firms that fought into tar executive orders won quick injunctions from increased lodges, making Paul Weiss's capitalization particularly consequential for President Trump's207th-20th campaign against an army of private enemies. Eight other firms have been legal. While it is being dealt with the White House, agreeing to perform a total of nearly 500,000 people from work for causes Mr. Trump supported.

They're just saying, “Where's it again?” Mr. Trump bragged. “No one can believe it.”

But he had been under disloyal was a deeper story of an institution that had slowly come home from its roots. That story, pieced together in a New York Times investigation, evokes that Paul Weiss's how to the White House was the culmination of a murdering of power and finances behind the scenes at the firm for years.

The shift had begun when Mr. Karp decided years earlier to develop a more robust corporate

practice alongside Paul Weiss's litigation work. The wealthy firm became even wealthier, partly by aiding the growth of private equity and the lucrative legal work generated by the rapid buying and selling of companies.

But the Times reporting, based on extensive interviews with current and former lawyers at the firm, access to internal documents and communications, and detailed accounts of firm meetings, shows there was a cost. The pursuit of Walt Street business is service of higher profits per partner — a key metric for law firms — was at odds with its social justice principles. When Mr. Trump took part at Paul Weiss, in part because of an activist history, the firm's long-commuting identity crisis became an instrumental crisis.

At the center of the conflict were two dismissals and very different figures — Mr. Karp and Scott Burchay, whom Mr. Karp had hired to supercharge the corporate practice.

Mr. Karp, described by colleagues as the consummate people-present, sometimes in a built, tried to keep happy both the socially conscious litigators and the increasing crop of corporate lawyers. Mr. Burchay, the colleagues say, in a driven dealership, aggressive in the point of being abrued.

Continued on Page 14

Brad Karp, former chairman of Paul Weiss. The firm took on the first Trump administration.

Space Junk Comes in Pieces, Posing a Threat to Earthlings

By SELAM GERBERGISH

HOOG KONG — One December afternoon, the sky tore open and a fiery book of metal, wider than a school bus, came hurtling down.

It was louder than a drumber clap when it plunged into a patch of farmland, meeting everyone in the village of Makata, about three hours word of Nairobi, Kenya.

“People were thinking this is the end of the world,” said John Makaram, who lives nearby.

When the budget arrived, they found a giant ring, taller than a man and heavier than a horse, lodged into the earth. They watched it and from a glowing center to a dark gray. They guarded it, taking the occasional softly, and although from the capital caverned the village.

The ring had once connected parts of a racket. It was happened to have burned up on its return to Earth.

“This is an isolated event,” the Kenya Space Agency said in early 2025.

Not exactly.

More space debris is raining, down on Earth than ever before — one effect of the frenetic race among governments and compa-

Flaming Debris Hitting Homes and Farms

tion like SpaceX to reign over the Wars.

Last year, the U.S. Space Force issued alerts for nearly 250 decks over the last 10 of Earth's atmosphere. The government issued alerts for 150 objects a decade ago.

“The re-entiree happen each and every day,” said Markus. “The first World space show found overcovers operations for the World Space Agency. Ingredients weighing a metric ton or more active about once a week, for the future.”

Much of the debris incinerates in the atmosphere or splashes into the Earth, but when it does not, it clearports to the ground, never-ended and unavoidable.

The more objects humans launch into earth, the more debris they will have to dodge on Earth. More than 100! noises launched that year, nearly four times as many as a decade ago. That means many more bits and spent parts are expected to drop back.

Dying sandless are another Continued on Page 8

INTERNATIONAL 4-11

Kyiv's Inroads Into MAGA

Kyiv's in>|tenses by | says | causes the right-wing activist, may help to unite skepticism of its war effort among President Trump's supporters. PAGE 9

Israel Bombards Gaza

At least two people were killed in strikes that impetched a U.S. football deal with Hamas in advance a train. PAGE 7

SPORTS 22-24

Brunsers Roate to Greatness

How did Jason Brunsen become a champion and a New York legend? Those moments will the story. PAGE 21

SUNDAY STYLES

Goodbye to the Bar Scene?

Goodbye to the Bar Scene? Goodbye to schooling, but what gets lost when we give up drinking? PAGE 10

ARTS & LEISURE

Sam Smith, Here to Be Happy

The singer, known for songs about heartbreak, has a joyful album. PAGE 8

SUNDAY BUSINESS

When A.I. Invaded Fan Fiction

An entertainer, 8 second point of detailed breakdown of thanks and a 28 popular stories that were inspired by “Hunted Bivalry,” anger caused. PAGE 7

Beyond Baby Monitoring

Nasty, Owing and other start-ups provide a level of data that seem find delightful and others use as creeps. PAGE 6

REAL ESTATE

At Home on the Waves

A man who has lived on a luxury caramoran for 23 years is at risk of being set adrift. PAGE 8

METROPOLITAN

The Spread of an Illness

New York has become an epicenter of Legionnaires' diseases who might not outbreak over the past month. PAGE 1

Where It's Hot and Humorous

A submitted and this friends have turned a subway platform's variant newsstand that an interaction set project. PAGE 1

OBTAINERS 25-27

Witnessed King Assassination

Class Eines. We was a college student when we saw the 1st. The 1st Letter King. It got shot in Memphis. PAGE 10

A Mime Who Spoke Out

Bored it. It does guided the four Frantines Mime Troops's satire of all things (subsidiaries, the war 95). PAGE 10

SUNDAY OPINION

Catherine Shannon

PAGE 8

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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AGEND

On the "Modern Love" podcast, Elizabeth "El"

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ROBIN NIBLETT, a former director of the London Work坂46 Chatham House, on a global remplication of the U.S. war with Iran. Page 5.

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The Story Behind the Story

Shoe-Leather Turn Around Revolutionary History

A Manhattan walking tour by The Times takes readers through the New York City of 250 years ago.

By SARAH BAHR

On a recent Saturday morning, about 230 people crisscrossed Lower Manhattan on a hunt for old places — spots that were, in some cases, a quarter millennium or older. Groups of friends, families and solo hunters, many of them readers of The New York Times, followed them that led them from one historical site to the next.

They were on a stawngar-hunt-like quest, organized by journalists.

The free event, an interactive walking tour called "Search for the Past," was tied to the 250th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. Starting in March, about a dozen Times journalists from the Metro desk, Special Projects team and News Design planners are itinerary that guided participants to six spots with ties to the city's history and its role in the American Revolution.

"We wanted to show how the New York of 250 years ago is still visible today," said Eden Weingart, a visual editor at The Times.

Everyone who signed up for the event received an email the day before with one of six starting clues. Each led to one of the sites, which were scattered around some of the oldest neighborhoods in New York City.

Attendees were checked in at each citation by a group of volunteers from The Times before moving on to the next site.

The clues, such as "This living being has breathed the New York air for an estimated 300 years," are now published online. So in an article by Anna Kudl, a reporter for the Metro desk who led the project, exploring the history of the sites. The idea, Ms. Kudl said, was that readers could take the tour for themselves at any time.

"If it can inspire them to be a little bit more curious on their daily commute or walk, then's the ultimate goal," she said.

New York City offered a lot of locations to choose from. It's not every city, after all, where the newly signed Declaration of Independence was read about to the public and a 300-year-old English-slet-tore "witnessed" the American Revolution. But the team started to know in on spots whose history had parallels to present-day events, Ms. Kudl said, as well as ensure they included a mix of familiar and lesser-known places.

"I wanted sites with a range of histories," said Ms. Kudl, who frequently writes about New York City history about landmarks. "I enjoy history, Black history, New York City's role in the Revolution."

The Times also designed the experience to be completed by foot or by transit, to be accessible for people in wheelchairs and to learn plenty of shade (and bathrooms).

After she landed on the six places, Ms. Kudl wrote the clues, drawing from sources like maps, newspaper articles and preservation and landmark designation reports. It was often challenging, she said, to locate authoritative information. Some sites, like the African Racial Ground National Monument, received their historical designation

Anna Kudl, middle right, led Times readers on an interactive tour of New York City's past

Eden Weingart, a visual editor at The Times, designed six unique stamps for the tour.

hundreds of years after their creation.

"It can be a challenge to identify specific details when you're writing about history from the 1990s and 1990s," said Amanda Hieback, the lead editor for the article and tour materials. "We're very open to the piece about what is contested or not definitive," she added.

Ms. Kudl visited each of the sites and talked to borough historians, urban forerers and museum directors.

"I wanted to not only tell the history of each site, but to tie it to the present," she said.

An 20th-century fence at Bowling Green, for instance, over sevenfold a statue of King George III that parishes new dews in 1776 after hearing the Declaration of Independence read about.

"There's a strong parallel to Confederate monuments being taken down in more recent years," Ms. Kudl said.

At each site, participants collected a custom postcard designed by Ms. Weingart, with an image of the location on the front and reporting from Ms. Kudl's article on the back. Ms. Weingart also designed crevet open for the event, with issues for six unique location stamps.

The participants, who ranged from a New York City tour guide with several decades

of experience to newcomers in the city who had arrived more weeks before, said they enjoyed discovering sites they would not otherwise have come across.

"It's a city that everyone in the world knows, but you don't get a sense of the history," said Paula Goodim, a marketer who recently moved to New York City, as she arrived at the remnants of the 17th-century Lovelace Tavern, which once served as New York's city hall and is now visible beneath a glass window in the sidewalk at 93 Broad Street.

Ms. Goodim said the event had made her more curious about her new neighborhood, Chelsea.

"I'll definitely have to explain more," she said.

For the Times journalists who planned the event, that spirit was the goal. They hope to organize more of these kinds of events in the future, Ms. Weingart said, with the aim of helping people engage more deeply held with Times journalism and the places that narrowed them, beyond the reach of their phone screens.

"It's fun to get out and actually do something," Ms. Weingart said.

First line is one to start your own search at

mytimes.com/nyregion.

Last Week's Top Trending Headlines

ICE Arrests Serge of Arparris, Opening New Front in Deportation Drive. Federal agents are arresting foreign citizens with expired U.S. visas as they travel through arparris, including many with active applications to stay in the country. Miriam Jordan wrote that arparris represent "a new front in the Trump administration's deportation campaign," facilitated by information sharing between the Transportation Security Administration and Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

Join Who Had After With Newcom 20 Years Ago Details Not Experience. Ruby Rapper, an aide who had an affair with Gavin Newman more than 20 years ago when he was the mayor of San Francisco, wrote about the relationship in an essay published by Vasily Fair. In it, she indicated that she was not coerced, but also held Mr. Newman responsible for holding power and proceeding with the affair anyway.

Man Convicted in Idaho College Killinga Seeks to Take Back Rustly Plea. Bryan Kettlesiger, who was convicted last year of murdering that "University of Idaho students in their home, is working to abandon his guilty plea and obtain a trial. In an interview with The New York Times, Ms. Kettlesiger, who is currently serving four life sentences, said he is innocent and was misled into continuing to the killinga.

Opinion | What We Really Learned From the Flesh Hearing Dr. Rachael Bedard, a contributing Opinion writer, addressed Dr. Anthony Fraz's dramatic Senate hearing on the origins of Covid-19, in which he repeatedly invoked his Fifth Amendment right out to incriminate himself. "Slew trials are had for democracy," Dr. Bedard wrote.

A Headline From History

SNIPER IN TEXAS U. TOWER KILLS 12, HITS 33

August 3, 1966. Charles J. Wittman, a 35-year-old architectural student and Marine veteran, seconded the 27-story University of Texas check tower in Austin the day before with "an arsenal of weapons" and "sprayed the area with ballots," according to a wire service account in The Times. In a campaign that lasted more than 90 minutes, dozens of people were shot and 14 were killed. (The initial report of 12 in The Times was updated later.) Mr. Wittman was killed by police at the top of the tower. Investigators later discovered the sniper had killed his mother and with before the campus attack. The massacre "became a template for mass shooting and aroused in the public a new sensitivity to the threat of violence in public spaces," The Times wrote in 2016. Since 1966, 1,737 people have been killed in mass public shooting in the United States, according to data from the Rockefeller Institute of Government.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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3

Facts of Interest

Since 1910, the Census Bureau estimates, 80 percent of Black-owned land has been lost to heirs' property, which is real estate informally bequeathed or jointly inherited without a clear title.

Is the Deed in Order on Grandma's House? REVIEW REVIEW, PAGE 2

J.D. Salvager's 1951 novel "The Catcher in the Rye" wasn't digitized until almost a decade after the author's death in 2010 at 91. He was averse to technology, though an avid TV watcher, and deeply controlling of his publication process.

The Catcher in the Rye at 75 BOOK REVIEW, PAGE 2

Merriam-Webster and the Oxford English Dictionary added "Coughing" to their pages as a verb in 2006. (It had already been named the "most useful word of the year" by the American Dialect Society in 2002.)

On Campaign THE MAGAZINE, PAGE 5

The British actor Hannah Waddingham, who plays Rebecca Welton on "Ted Lasso," has a four-octave vocal range and started out in musical theater.

"I Like Using Every Part of World" ARTS & LEISURE, PAGE 7

At $10.6 billion, bocarbon is one of Kentucky's largest industries, generating close to 24,000 jobs and $372 million in annual tax revenue.

As Drinking Diles, What Will Fill The Social Role? REVIEW REVIEW, PAGE 15

Pink pointe shoes, meant to approximate skin color, used to be a ballet default. A few years ago, New York City Ballet adopted truly flesh-toned footwear instead. Today, each company member has shoes custom-matched to their skin.

Pioneer's Common Number and Fly Outrage ARTS & LEISURE, PAGE 1

The Dateline

Where Times Journalists Are Reporting Around the World

1. ABILENE, TEXAS — The construction of a $25 billion data-center complex has brought thousands of temporary workers to Atlanta. Jader Macay visited the Glendale Output, a convenience store opened specifically to serve them.

2. BELFAST, NORTHERN IRELAND — Northern Ireland's Protestant loyalists have long felt their identity was under siege. Historically, their enmity was raised at Catholics, Megan Specia wrote, but none have found a new antagonist: immigrants.

3. BUNDMOUTH, VIANNA — The Bundling-ry Elinda virus takes its name from this small town, where it was discovered in 2007. Now, Uganda has closed its border with Congo, where the species has returned, Matthew Mpoke Bigg reported.

4. YANGON, MYANMAR — Hannah Busch and Daniel Bernhalak spent three weeks traveling through Myanmar, where the 20c-styles of the wealthy — nightclubs, caviar and luxury cars — have been mostly untouched by five years of civil war.

Wordplay

Tips for Today's Crossword

In Wordplay, a Times Games columnist helps readers solve the day's crossword. Working: There are spoilers ahead.

Today's theme is a tale of intrigue and subterfuge talk in seven parts, chant at 23, 28-, 44-, 47-, 82-, 91- and 110-Acres. These clues are balanced and describe a stereotypical act of marketing vibratory. Starting at the top in 22-Acres, ["For our cat, how should we list the car that we found in the ditch?"]. What follows are more questions about the sudden jockey you can imagine, but their corresponding entries — inter-period as adipsoid — point a major picture. This requires some truly creative wordplay, most of it pretty broad, but take a moment to appreciate the tale of the puzzle, "Going for a Spin," and its final words double meaning. I didn't pick up on this until I really thought about it, and it's a lovely cherry on top.

Back to the clues, starting with that ditch issue at 22-Acres. Doesn't it sound better to describe a multi-supported words at an OFF-ROAD VEHICLE? No lies written!

And what about its slightly smoldering condition, as described at 20-Acres: ["... and how do we add that it was just struck by lightning?"]. Just say it has NEW SOURCES. 16-Acres is infotronicsally more nuanced and pretty funny: ["... and that the tailpipe is drugging on the ground?"] solves to LOW EMISSIONS, since the exhaust coming out of this exhausted crane is lower to the ground, of course. 47-Acres, at the center of the puzzle, is my favorite to the theme set, maybe just because I find the term in the only amusing ["... and what about the body roof?"] — well, that's why there are BUCKET SEATS. (They sound so uncomfortable and hard to get out of to me, but that's what most cars have up front these days.)

This might not be the subtlest theme we've put our pens to in recent months, but the accessibility of this tale not really helps sell the bit, no just intended.

CARTUN LEONRODE

Play the crossword on Page 62 of the magazine.

The Mini Crossword

ACROSS

1 Something you might ask for while staying over at a friend's house. 2 Gave to "Stronger Things" 3 (robbery parts to wear to a wedding) 4 Octagonal sign word 5 Where news are housed

DOWN

1 Newspaper that covers the stock market, for short 2 Pick a cold pack on 3 Official decision 4 "Offensive." 5 Words before "with my little eyes," in a genre

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUEBLE

Here to Help

Travel 101: How to Keep a Travel Journal

There's no one perfect way — or reason — to keep a travel journal. But no matter how or why you do it, future you will probably be happy you did. Before setting out on your next trip, consider these tips for maintaining a travel journal you'll page through for years to come. JENNY KENNEDY

Keep it tight. Choose a notebook that fits in the bag you're carrying or the pocket of the coat you're wearing. If you prefer airborne notebooks, pop a pencil board inside on you'll have a hard surface on the go. Refillable notebooks like those from Paper Republic make it easy to add organizer inserts so you won't lose important papers. Keep your tools together in a small kit so you won't waste time searching for your pen.

Be consistent. Get organized by starting every journal entry with some metadata, including the date, time, weather and location. (A note about your mood can help you recall content for your mind-on.) Once you finish an entry, consider adding page numbers to an index on the first two pages as well as the location and keywords like maximum names or the final you are.

Set aside time to write. While out on the town (or mountain or beach), write quick notes under the metadata as you go about your day. Take note of sounds and stories you might forget. If you want to relive a place-away you're back home, put your phone's recording app to work. "The sounds of a fish market, a crowded bay or a city sidewalk can often evoke a place even more vividly than a photograph," the photographer and writer Bob Stephenson said.

Save your recap of the full day's experience for a 15-minute block each night. You'll be surprised how much writing you can do in such a short time.

Get colorful. Use each trip as a chance to practice a new art skill. "Adding visuals to a journal helps me remember things in a specific way that writing might see," the artist and author Kristin Link said. Try sketching with just a few colored pencils, or draw the view outside your hotel window every morning. If the thought of creating art is too much pressure, Ms. Link suggested adding diagrams and maps instead, or maybe a tiny landscape sketch.

Make a photo-only book. For this, think about the trip more thematically. Or snap photos capturing the small things that make a place special.

Read the Travel 101 series at nytimes.com/travel.

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SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

International

The New York Times

The shuttered storefront of a halal supermarket burned by rioters in Belfast's Sandy Row area; and a Somali mother and son, who have lived in Belfast since last fall, watching a Twelfth of July parade.

In Belfast, Renewed Conflict Over Community, With a New Target

In Loyalist Areas, Violence Directed At Immigrants Erupts

By MEGAN SPELIA

BELFAST Northern Ireland — Paters and drums echoed along Sandy Row, a Protestant enclave in Belfast, and Union Jack hunting flagged overhead in the unconstantly hot summer air.

The annual Twelfth of July celebrations, which commemorate a centurionist Protestant victory over a Catholic king at the Battle of the Beyear, brought scores of marching hands and Orangemen, members of a charcoal religious order, parading through the city.

For the Protestant loyalist community that is deeply committed to Northern Ireland remaining in the United Kingdom, the marches are a cherished tradition, as are the heathen and street parties that accompany them.

But, like many things in Northern Ireland, it's not so simple.

Others see the marches and heathen as deliberately provocative symbols that reinforce division. Historically, the loyalists' enmity was aimed at Catholics, but some in the community have found a new antagonist: immigrants.

In the Hibiscus pub is Donagall Pass, a loyalist neighborhood in Belfast, Gordon Plunkett, 76, who has spent more than six decades as an Orangeman, chaired with his sons and grandchildren, all of whom were taking part in the parade. He opposes the arrival of immigrants and asylum seekers, which he said raised displacing loyalists who had long lived here.

"It's the future of my community that is at stake," Mr. Plunkett said. "And everybody would want to protect their own community and their own culture."

Belfast remains predominantly white, and Northern Ireland is the least ethnically diverse part of the United Kingdom, with just 3.4 percent of residents from minority ethnic backgrounds. But immigration has grown in recent decades, reaching a peak in 2021, and the urban heart of Belfast in particular is steadily becoming more diverse.

"Our community is getting smaller, and we are stretched," said Trevor Henderson, 65, who was also celebrating the Twelfth with Sandy and friends in the Hibiscus. The ashes from a heather the night before still considered nearby as handsmen and Orangemen gathered to prepare for the march. "And we get labeled mountain and racist for having concerns." He added that he thought that blame for recent violent riots in Belfast had unfairly fallen on working-class loyalists in general, rather than on a small minority who are the first.

During the march in Sandy Row, parading hands passed by the shuttered remains of a halal supermarket that had been burned in two separate anti-immigrant runs, most recently in June. Small groups of revolvers posed for photographs in front of "Stop the Boats" graffiti scrawled on nearby shutters, the damage from black smoke still visible on the side of the apartment blocks above.

The violence erupted in June after graphic footage spread online of a knife attack that left a man in his ribs seriously injured, an asylum seeker was later charged with attempted murder. Within hours of the attack, far-right influencers called for demonstrations, and masked rioters set fire to vehicles and houses. Emergency responders had to evacuate immigrant families, including a parent with a 3-month old baby, from their homes.

This is the third consecutive summer that violence has rocked Northern Ireland, part of a bigger pattern in the United Kingdom and across Europe, where several men were injured either by right-wing, anti-immigrant voices. In Northern Ireland, what is still grappling with the legacy of Catholic and Protestant sectarian conflict, civic disorder can be of no families particularly in areas where paramilitary groups still hold influence.

The decades-long conflict known as

Members of a loyalist group in Donagall Pass before the parade; flute hands marching past a Union Jack citing the paramilitary group UUC at an entrance to Donagall Pass, and Trevor Henderson in a pub there. He said his community was shrinking, adding, "And we get labeled sectarian and racist for having concerns."

the Troubles was between mostly Protestant ostensate or loyalists who wanted the region to remain part of the United Kingdom, and the mostly Catholic Irish nationalists, or republicans, who had long sought unification with the Republic of Ireland.

The Good Friday Agreement signed in 1998 led to almost two decades of peace. But memories of the conflict cast a long shadow.

The anti-immigrant riots in June took place mostly to loyalist areas, and the Police Service of Northern Ireland said that members of loyalist paramilitaries were present, and in some cases, directed the violence. There is no official body that speaks for those paramilitaries, which since the Troubles have mostly transitional into organized crime networks.

For fewer people identify as unminis or loyalist than two decades ago, according to the Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey. As a result of this and

other demographic shifts, those left in the community can feel their identity is under stage, said Katy Hayward, a professor of political sociology at Queen's University in Belfast.

"That sense of intercity is heightened," said Professor Hayward, who has long studied public attitudes in Northern Ireland. That in turn has allowed far-right ideas that frame all immigrants on a threat to gain traction, she said.

There have also been well-documented links between localism and far-right actors based elsewhere. And while discussions about immigration have played out in many communities across the United Kingdom, turned by an increasingly vocal far-right movement, it has become a focal point for some leading unseen politicians, who have found that it resonates with their base.

A sense of grievance was evident at some Twelfth celebrations. Anti-immigrant symbols were placed atop ben-

lives, alongside other political stereotypes. This year, a replica of a strange war, contested County (former tax reckless being treated as a basic crime) following just years' barring of an effigy of a refugee base.

Claire Hanna, the leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party, who represents South Belfast in Parliament, confirmed the barring of effigies and said in a statement: "This isn't tradition. I can't an expression of identity. It determines this place."

The unrest has renewed scrutiny on these celebrations, but amid the tensions, many loyalists maintain that the Twelfth of July festivities are an important social and cultural market.

Not everyone taking part in the festivities was steadfastly opposed to immigration. Kimberley Wilson, 51, who was watching the parade with friends, said she simply enjoyed the pageantry and was deeply proud of being born in a lo-

alist area. She was shocked by June's violence.

"People are coming here, and they are working hard, and they shouldn't be burnt out of their houses," Ms. Wilson said of immigrants, adding, "Those poor people were terrified, and there was no justification for that."

Ms. Wilson had to evacuate her elderly mother from her home in June because it was near where rioters had burned people's homes.

She said there was a lack of leadership to stop those responsible for violence and property damage.

"There was nobody on the streets, there was nobody coming out to say, 'This is wrong,' she said.

"That younger generation, they don't know what they are fighting for. If they want to go present, go ahead and protect, disrupt traffic," she said. "But don't start destroying your own community."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Clockwise from left: Beginsai Bakirova holding the goat carcass, right, during a game of kok-bora in the village of AayBaah in Kyrgyzstan; Beginsai's father, Bakirybek Beishekseev, reared, preparing a carcass; Beginsai, who began riding horses when she was young; Kakakhun, a 4-year-old stallion, with a practice saddle; and Anadua Birimkadeva reining in her stallion.

KYROYZSTAN DISPATCH

First Girls' Team Breaks Convention, but Keeps the Goat Carcass

Article by ALEXANDER M. THOMPSON Photographs by IN THEIR VERBATELIANA

ASTILBASH, Kyrgyzstan — On a muddy field in Kyrgyzstan, eight teenagers on horseback thundered back and forth playing a Central Asian version of polo known as kok-bora. But instead of mallets, they used their bare hands, and to place or a ball was a headless dead goat.

Sixteen-year-old Beginsai Bakirova galloped along white crying to hold onto the goat carcass as it slowly slipped down her horse's flank. Two boys rode on either side of her, pushing, yelling and grabbing for the goat. Spectators scattered from the sidelines as the riders and horses approached at full gallop.

The game was not an unusual sight in AayBaah, a village of a

'Every girl has her passion.'

BEGINSAI BAKIROVA

A competitor to kok-bora, a dangerous sport.

live hundred wood and clay homes near the Tien Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan, where kok-bora is the national sport. The unusual sight was Beginsai — a woman — in a game that has been played for hundreds of years almost exclusively by men. Last year, Beginsai and five other teenagers formed the first women's kok-bora team in Kyrgyzstan.

"Every girl has her passion," said Beginsai, whose short black ponytail stood out among the crew cuts on the pitch. When people tell her that kok-bora is "not far women," she said she tells them that if a woman has the skill and the desire, then kok-bora is far her toe.

"I would like more parents to let their girls play," she said.

Despite negative comments online and criticism in the village, Beginsai's team has been inspiring a small bar growing number of women and girls who want in on the rough-and-tumble sport.

Kok-bora means "gray wolf" in Kyrgyz and originated as a game shepherds played with a wolf carcass. A goat was swapped in later. Variants of kok-bora are played across Central Asia, but in northern Kyrgyzstan, it is usually played between two teams of four riders who vie to grab a goat carcass from the ground or each other, and chuck it into a large basin on either end of the field.

The game is tough on both riders and horses, which can collide at high speeds. In 2025, two men shot playing in Kyrgyzstan.

Since Kyrgyzstan became independent after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, it has sought to revive traditional sports but paid most of the attention to men's disciplines. She kok-bora, said Elena

Mokhanova, a social scientist at the American University of Central Asia, who has written about gender roles in Kyrgyzstan's traditional sports.

But a woman's kok-bora team "isn't a break with tradition," Professor Mokhanova said, because women on horseback have always had an important role in nomadic Kyrgyz society and legend.

Beginsai, the fourth of no siblings — five sisters and one brother — began riding horses when she was young. She began to take a serious interest in kok-bora after attending several matches in which her brother was competing.

She started training with her

father, Bakirybek Beishekseev, who raises horses and once competed in kok-bora.

The most difficult part of the sport is when the rider has to bend down from the horse, after at high speed, low enough to grab the goat carcass off the ground and then lift themselves, and the heavy carcass, back into the saddle.

Every day, Mr. Beishekseev, a wry 47-year-old, and his daughter would ride three miles out and back to a neighboring village. Along the way, Beginsai would practice leaning down from her horse to habit a car tire up into the saddle, over and over.

Through "crying and tears," Beginsai said, she eventually stunned it.

The safety concerns are real. Beginsai was knocked off a horse in February and broke her arm.

"It's a disease," said Beginsai's mother, Nurgul Osmanova, talking of kok-bora with a dehumid laugh. "I didn't allow it. I still don't allow it. It's their father."

Nevertheless, in early 2025, Beginsai started playing in other real matches with her brother. She started winning, too.

In February, after her kok-bora videos on Instagram were viral, Beginsai realized there were several girls around Kyrgyzstan who were quietly playing kok-bora. She decided to gather them together.

Beginsai, two of her sisters and three other girls from the local district played together for the first time in March 2025. It was blamed. They decided to burn a team that day.

"We've become like sisters," said Anadua Birimkadeva, a 17-year-old with an easy laugh and competitive streak, who taught herself to play kok-bora in another village before hearing about the team.

The team has competed a

dozen times against boys' teams over the past year, Beginsai said.

The women play because they love the challenge and love "bringing boys to tears" when they hear them, Anadua said.

Gonduri's mother, Meetha Karabaeva, said that she has seen how kok-bora has benefited her daughter.

"She's barely on her phone," Ms. Karabaeva said proudly over tea in Kara-Sakai, a village east of AayBaah. "In the evening, she goes to bed at 9 so that she can get up at 5 in the morning to feed her home."

But it's hard to recruit. Few girls play kok-bora at ride well enough, and potential members often live too far away, Beginsai said. "I'm not going to play, but their parents won't let them because they think it's too dangerous, or not for girls."

One cost afternoon in early March, shortly after Beginsai's brother, Nurushan, finished decapitating, doorbrowding and sewing up the goat in the family's backyard, the group rode off toward the playing field on the edge of the village.

Soon, every teenage boy with a horse from the surrounding villages around to have heard kok-bora was short, and it was time for the games to begin. In the first match, Beginsai grabbed the goat first and convened in wide circles around the tracks in the dirt that the village uses in place of the usual scoring basins. But even with Beginsai's teammates fighting to clear her a path, she couldn't get close enough.

"Why are you so far out?" her father shouted. "Go for it!"

The girls lost 0-2 in their first match but won the second, as Beginsai pushed her way through a piloting to twice drop the carcass down onto the tracks, eliciting cheers from the crowd.

The girls' Instagram posts about the team have attracted support and plenty of interest, but they have also brought a flood of criticism, especially from those who say a woman's place is in the home.

"Whenever we put ourselves out there, they write comments, but we don't pay attention," said Sheola Kreselinova, 16, another team member.

Beginsai and her sisters said they get disappearing looks and made remarks around their hometown.

"Because of those mean words," Beginsai said, "I really tell into a depression, and I could not see it if it. Only when I went out and my female team-mates showed up could I let that go."

Last year, the country's Kok Bora Federation still local media that it didn't support women playing at all, because the sport is so rough and dangerous.

But, AayBaeah Eskimoe, who served as federation president from February to mid-July of this year, reversed course.

"I'm wholeheartedly in support. If possible, we'll help from the federation's side too," Mr. Eskimoe said in an interview this spring, sitting in his office.

Back on the field, it was getting late. Soon the family would skin the goat carcass, save thoroughly modernized, cook it to a large pot over an open flame and serve it with onions and herbs.

But Beginsai wasn't quite ready to quit. "Let's play one more," she estimated as everyone circled up. The other girls were exhausted, but enough boys were game.

Beginsai galloped off toward the carcass lying in the dirt. The family ponytail bounced on her back.

"She's easy to get going," her father said. "She's hard to stop."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

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Mourning one of the men killed. The Israeli military confirmed the attack but declined to give details on why they were targeted.

Israeli Strikes on Gaza Leave at Least 2 Dead

By AARON BOUEDMAN

Israeli strikes in Gaza on Saturday killed at least two people and damaged warehouses for medical supplies, Palestinian officials said, despite a recent deal between President Trump's Board of Peace and Human to advance the Gaza cease-fire.

One of the strikes damaged the warehouses at the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital in central Gaza before dawn on Saturday, said Khalil Dagnan, a hospital spokesman. The outpatient clinic was also damaged, he added, though there were no reports at casualties.

The Israeli military said it had bombarded the warehouses because Hamas was storing weapons there and using the facility as a take-out. Mr. Dagnan disputed the Israeli allegation, adding that Israeli forces had warned Palestinians to flee ahead of the bombing.

A second Israeli strike on Saturday, in the Sheikh Rasheed neighborhood of Gaza City, killed two Palestinians, according to local health officials. The Israeli military confirmed the attack but declined to provide details about why the two were targeted.

The strikes came days after Mr. Trump announced that Hamas had agreed to give up its weapons during organization with his Board of Peace, a body that he formed last year to oversee a truce between Israel and Hamas. Hamas's disarmament had become a month-long striking point

in moving forward from that initial cease-fire.

On Friday, after the deal was announced, Hamas said that the 'first step' would be for Israel to commit to ending attacks and linked the turnover of what the group called 'heavy weapons' to a lot of other conditions.

It is unclear whether Israel has agreed to the proposal. The road map stipulates a gradual withdrawal of Israeli troops from Gaza, as well as a 'cessation of military operations' as some of the conditions for Hamas to 'decommission and leave' weapons.

Prime Minister Benjamin Nourayahu of Israel has yet to comment on the deal, which emerged on Thursday night. The Israeli government, in a written statement circulated on Friday, said the Israeli military would not withdraw from its 'current' lines in Gaza without 'greamer' disarmament by Hamas, attributing the comments to an unnamed diplomatic official.

Israel has long demanded that Hamas disarm so as to prevent the Palestinian military group from ever carrying out another assault similar to the Oct. 1, 2021, attack that ignited the Gaza war. But Mr. Nourayahu, who faces an uphill re-election battle later this year, could halt at anything that comes might view as a concession to Hamas.

U.S. officials hope the proposal will pave the way for an end to the nearly three-year crisis in the

JOHN D'ARLING

Gaza Strip, which began with the October 2023 Hamas-led attack on southern Israel that killed about 1,500 people and saw around 250 taken hostage.

The subsequent two-year lo-

raeli military campaign against Hamas had come to the Palestinian enclave, killing more than 76,000 people, according to local health officials. Their tally does not specify how many were com-

batanes, but it includes thousands of children.

A cease-fire last October, brokered by the Trump administration, was supposed to end the fighting. While the deal offered

Above, Palestinians surveying the damage from an Israeli swirling near the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital in Deir al-Balah, central Gaza, on Saturday. Left, men carrying the body of a person killed that day during an Israeli attack.

Gaza's two million Palestinians a reprieve from full-blown war, it has looked nothing like peace.

Israel has continued to bomb Gaza on a near-daily basis, saying that Hamas was seeking to return and that it was targeting the group's militians. More than 1,000 people have been killed since the truce, according to local officials, including young children.

While Israeli forces initially withdrew to an agreed-space 'yellow line' as part of the cease-fire, they have since steadily advanced. They now control more than 60 percent of the Gaza Strip, becoming the majority of its Palestinian residents into a shrinking area near the coast.

Both the United States and Israel said they would not allow Gaza to be rebuilt as long as Hamas ruled Gaza and kept its battalions of armed fighters.

Israel Says It Killed Hezbollah Members

By FRANAY BANAAR

The Israeli military said on Saturday that it had killed several Hezbollah members overeight on a strategic ridge to south the Lebanon, challenging a fragile cease-fire between Israel and the Iran-backed military group.

The escalation happened in the area of the Ali al-Taber ridge, a hilltop about six miles from the Israeli border where violence has flared in recent days. The Israeli military said that it had 'struck' Hezbollah fighters in an Israeli-occupied area where its soldiers were operating, and that an Israeli soldier was wounded.

Hezbollah did not immediately address Israel's claim.

A cease-fire between Israel and Hezbollah has barely held in recent weeks, just as Israel and Lebanon have worked to carry out a separate, U.S.-bankerial agreement to end months of fighting. That deal calls for Israel to gradually withdraw from territory in southern Lebanon.

Hezbollah has rejected the deal, saying it effectively allowed Israel's continued presence in southern Lebanon and that the group would not give up its weapons without an Israeli withdrawal.

Clashes have persisted in southern Lebanon, with daily reports of anevities, artillery shelling, demolitions and some grenades, according to the United

Abdi Latif Dabir said it avoids Israel contributed reporting.

Nations. But Saturday was the first time Israel announced deaths from the fighting since July 15, raising fears of a renewed escalation.

The latest conflict between Hezbollah and Israel erupted on March 2, after the group attacked Israel in solidarity with Iran following the U.S.-Israeli system that began the war with Iran. The fighting has killed more than 1,300 people in Lebanon, and Israel now occupies large swaths of the country's south. Israeli officials say at least four Israeli civilians and more than 20 soldiers have been killed.

In recent months, the Ali al-Taber ridge has become one of the most strategically significant areas in the conflict. Lebanese and Israeli officials say they believe Hezbollah has established one of its largest underground installation beneath the ridge. Israel says the complex has for years served as a crucial command center for planning and launching an Israeli against its territory.

Last week, the Israeli military said, Hezbollah launched an explosive drone at one of its vehicles on the ridge. A Hezbollah spokesman said the group did not claim responsibility for an operation in the area, and accused Israel of using 'false protests' to continue an Israeli in Lebanon.

The area is about three miles north of Beaufort, a Crusader can be that Israel said it captured on May 31. On Friday, Benjamin No-

taryahu, the Israeli prime minister, and Israel Kim, the defense minister, said in a joint statement that the military had destroyed what it called Hezbollah's 'terrorist tunnels' in the area, which they claimed formed a key part of the group's plan to infiltrate communities in northern Israel.

An enquiry to Maj. the ridge was beyond the area that Israel had occupied several miles inside southern Lebanon. Israel marks the boundary of this zone with a yellow line on its maps and views anyone within it as a legitimate military target. In June, however, Israel redrew those boundaries, extending the yellow line to include the ridge.

The U.S.-bankerial agreement between Israel and Lebanon calls for the Lebanese Armed Forces to move in and secure the areas in Israel slowly withdrawn, and to facilitate the return of displaced residents. Officials are expected to discuss more details in Rome this week.

The first areas dated to be secured, described as 'pilot zones,' are intended to test the broader agreement reached last month. These villages have been designated in the first phase of the withdrawal plan.

But the framework has been criticized in Lebanon because it sets its fixed timetable for Israel's withdrawal and is tied to the Lebanese government's tentative efforts to bolster Hezbollah, a goal it has pursued in vain.

The hills near the Beaufort castle in southern Lebanon where Israel said it destroyed tunnels.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

Space Junk Comes Back Down in Pieces, Posing a Threat to Earthlings

From Page 1

common derttras of this space age. A good number of the roughly 16,000 satellites in orbit will ultimately come back to Earth.

In 2024, discarded launches from the International Space Station credited into a Florida home. Early last year, part of a SpaceX rocket landed near a busy shopping mall in Pontiac, Poland. Another piece was found near the city's airport, according to the Polish Space Agency.

Mouth! Data: a defunct Chinese satellite launched down over Tenerife, one of the Canary Islands of Spain. The three-merits too satellite sent shock waves across the region before fragmenting and the other.

In October, miners discovered burning debris on a desert road in Western Australia. Recently, giant "space-hole" washed spheres on a industrial bench.

The patchwork of regulation governing radio launches and orbital jacks is no match for the past 40 years development.

Elon Musk's SpaceX, which has more than 10,000 satellites in orbit, has applied to launch a satellite more. Jeff Beaver Blue Origin has similar satellites and Chinese "empacemediations" are expected to have hundreds of thousands of satellites.

For now, people are more likely to be more far lightning than by falling space jacks. This only documented case is of an Oklahoma woman who was hit by debris in the 1990s. She survived relatively unbearous.

The most common are orbiting, it study for the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration concluded that by 2035, debris from SpaceX satellites alone could fall or injure the space.

The risk diminishes if satellites burn up as the atmosphere, the study concluded. For a while,

From left: debris in the sky, a photo released by Turkish state media of rocket fragments near Melodist, Kenya, in 2020, a "space-hole" that washed ashore in Australia. In 2025, the U.S. Space Force issued alerts for nearly 820 objects that entered Earth's atmosphere.

SpaceX said that all its returning satellites incinerated. Then, in 2024, a chunk of SpaceX metal was found on a Canadian farm. SpaceX, which previously disagreed with the F.A.A. report, did not respond to questions. The company now says that about 1 percent of the mass of some satellites may not distinguish.

Sean O'Keefe, a Syracuse University professor and former NASA administrative, said: "The mass have a lot of failure of imagination. We just can't imagine that it will happen to us."

"Let's get to do is show up is a major metropolitan area," he added.

Mr. O'Keefe and other experts say that governments and companies should be compelled to see details that will fully diminish.

No, such regulation exists, in the United States, the Federal Communications Commission requires companies to report on the risk of causation from falling satellites, but the agency mostly focuses on regulating radio frequency.

The F.A.A., which oversees launches, proposed a rule to organize the disposal of orbital debris but it withdrew the idea in January after the space industry pushed back.

United Nations treaties govern liability for space debris that hurts people or damages property, but these are Cold War trials with limited scope. The U.S. issued guidelines for space debris in 2007, when there were far fewer sanations, These guidelines are non-binding.

If objects are in free fall, even the best rocket scientists cannot accurately predict where they will land or whether they will fully be clearcut. A ten-minute error in predicting re-entry changes the industry may be ready for claim, according to the Aerospace Committee, a nonprofit research group.

In January, for example, a five-ball pierced the atmosphere over Europe. It was the upper stage of a Chapter-3 rocket, one of control after a Chinese firm, Landspace,

launched it the previous month. Space agencies across the world conducted the object for four days. It was ordinary - about 11 metric tons - that they did not expect it to incinerate.

Governments feared that it could plunge into heavily populated areas. British officials told mobile networks to test the emergency alert system.

"On the future, last crisis were over Europe, and it was really dangerous," said Mr. Simons of the Polish Space Agency.

In the end, the debris splashed down somewhere in the ballast or Pacific Ocean.

Rocket debris is shaking geopolitical tensions.

Check several hand-liped is in Africa, and install off the country's insiders coast.

Many of the surrounding deepness, where debris is likely to fall, are in contested waters in the South China Sea.

Filipino fishermen have for years faced confrontations with the Chinese Coast Guard in these

waters. These days, they also have to reach for a total debris.

The Philippine authorities advise against going to sea when over China settlers pitter or starks nets about a launch from Hamas, said Guy June P. Perrin, director general of the Philippine Space Agency.

Thirteen rocket pieces, some the size of small bases, have washed ashore in the Philippines in the past four years. Most had markings with Chinese characters or parts of the Chinese flag, the space agency said.

"Before, we were looking at action to the sea. Now we're creating rocket debris." Dr. Perus said.

Why goes if space jacks hits you at your home?

If the debris belongs to a company or an agency it over counts. The local legal system settles the ability questions.

The joint country will litany city on U.S. treaties to recoup costs.

The liability convention, for

one, gives countries the right to compensation if another state's space object hurts people or damages property. Another treaty, called the Rescue and Return Agreement, allows governments to be paid for the cost of returning space objects.

But the treaties were written in the early space age, when countries were more concerned about astronauts becoming prisoners of war or technology being stolen, said Absaena. Union McNamara, who works on law and policy issues at the U.S., Office for Outer Space Affairs.

The terms are now being applied in a more commercial and complex space environment, she added.

That, a way the treaty was drafted to use the way the treaty is used nowadays," she said.

The free stop then, is confirming where the debris came from. That means everyday people are at the mercy of their governments.

In Kenya, the authorities took mantle to confirm that the ring was a part of a French rocket that had launched in Syracuse television satellite. The debris utilized Earth for more than 10 years before rounding, according to the French space agency.

Kenya's government has not formally requested compensation from France, the French Foreign Ministry said. It also has not shared this information with the village residents, who said that the impact cracked nearby homes, according to Daniel Masano, a woman who represents the area.

"The government says they have been to support the sense of the object, because that's the one who is the source of negligence," Mr. Masano said.

"That didn't happen," he said. "There was no compensation."

In southwestern France, Officials said that the range was drafted to use the way the treaty is used nowadays," she said.

"The first step, there, is confirming where the debris came from. That means everyday people are at the mercy of their governments.

In southwestern France, Officials Didn't Make Homeowners Follow Forestry Rules

In Southeastern France, Officials Didn't Make Homeowners Follow Forestry Rules

This article is by Catherine Porter, Stephen Le Hrodit and Samuel Granados.

PARIS — After fires turn through hereto outside Bordeaux in 2022, President Emmanuel Macron of France called on rural villages to finally implement long-ignored forestry rules meant to prevent such a vast blaze in the future.

Among other requirements, residents in that region were instructed to clear all bodies and press law-daugling tree branches within 30 meters, or roughly 24 yards, of their homes, making a harder for fires to reach the villages. Mayors were meant to issue fires of roughly $660 in these who didn't comply.

Four years to the month have, officials have rarely revealed that residents adhered to those rules in the forests west of Bordeaux, according to the president of a union of regional forest owners, but not cut mayors, two experts said an analysis by The New York Times of satellite imagery of 33 evacueurs of villages. Many residents did not clear regulation once their homes because they could not afford the high annual cost and because they did not own the land where the forest was growing, according to the mayors.

That lapse, the experts said, may be among the reasons that another fire turn so easily through villages in the region last month, placing the largest groundless evacuation in French forestry. The fire, France's biggest, is decades, has been taken into the form of a land and destroyed at least 240 houses.

Prosecutions said the farm isn't atpark came from a brush-clearing machine, used by various farmers, and many many poor near a high-voltage power line on the outskirts of one town, Saumou. The authorities have announced no first conclusions about the raids that spread so fast, and their investigations are likely to take months.

In general, such fires are occurring more often and becoming more common in the region because the burning of fossil beds has made home temperatures more likely. That draw not the landscape, making it easier for

Giulio Imbert contributed reporting from Paris, and Jason Horowitz from Madrid.

fires to spread. For the first time in France, this fire became so hot that it created a rare weather phenomenon known as a fire cloud which made the blaze even harder to contain, officials said.

As the news, The Times found that flowed landscape and forest management in the Bordeaux region must likely added to the risks. These flares included:

• Across the 33 towns evacuated during the fire, scores of homes had "reputation close to houses," The Times found.

• Firefighters sent to sport the blaze have found themselves hauling fires in vegetation that have been allowed to grow next to buildings, according to the various firefighters' notes.

• Nationally, more than 40 percent of French properties destroyed with the state regulations, according to Christophe Chatteray, a fire expert at the National Forests Office, citing visits to the National Forests Office, 10,000 properties each year.

"There were very few actual changes made after 2022," said

Arthur Gariria-Turcq, an academic at the Bordeaux University, who wrote his doctoral thesis on the aftermath of the 2022 fires and growing in the area. His research into their cottage after the fire broke out about nine miles away.

"There were no new fuel breaks in land management adjustments, and very few new firebreaks were created," he said. After 2022, he added, "We basically went right back to business as usual."

'We All Fell a Bit Short'

The forest west of Bordeaux, called Landes de Gasouges, spreads across roughly three-mile into acres, filling the southwest corner of France. It was planted on the 100th after Napoleon III ordered regional swamps drained and piece needed, for both the past two years. The forest was built, to use. Since then, it's become the major target commercial forest, with tens of thousands of landowners harvesting the piece for years before.

In 2022, fires broke out in two places in the forest, leaving through 88,000 acres. That disan-

ter caused the government to adapt its firefighting strategy for the climate-change era and should down on its brush-clearing regulations.

But few have been enforced.

Roses Lakes, the mayor of Rigauna, a town roughly 12 miles south of where this nursery's fire started. The forest was built to 100 percent of residents with land planting the forest had followed the rules, despite his repeated messages and annual meetings about three.

In the nearby town of Lauras, where 33 houses burned down this past week, Mayor Loïc Ballongue estimated the rate was 10 to 20 percent.

"I think we all fell a bit short," he Ballongue said.

Many firefighters, trying to stop fires resulting such inflation, were not able to get the best. The brush-clearer right next to homes, said Éric Bousault, a veteran firefighter and spokesman for the national union, who spent ten days working with firefighters on the ground.

"We're putting firefighters in harmlessly because there are

houses that need defending but haven't taken steps to make them selves defensible," he said. "Historically we're even adding ourselves if, in the future, firefighters are going to put their lives on the fire for no one else haven't followed legal brush-clearing rules."

Some mayors say it's rather a good homeowner for the rest of enforcement, since residents of six-day's own he had that they're expected to close. More than 80 percent of the forests are owned privately by 100,000 small and big landowners, according to Stéphane Lacroix, the region's director of a state-funded forestry agency.

Cost is also an issue. Some managers can't afford the price of clearing brush, which can cost thousands of euros and needs to be repeated annually.

"For the average person, it's to be comprehensible," Mr. Ballongue said.

Mr. Labos, the mayor of Rigauna, said he had picked up successfully "for a tax exemption or financial contribution to inventory people to do this work."

"If we don't have that, we're never going to get them," he added.

Olivier Halard, the mayor of another town damaged by the fire, La Temple, said that the regulations were too weak and that the state should regulate the clearness of all trees and brush within at least 50 meters of homes.

Dick, Mr. Chatteray, the fire expert, said it makes sense to respect homeowners to pay for the tree falling instead of forest owners, because the houses were often being used after the safety was needed.

"The forest owner didn't ask for money to be taken into the life of me," he said. Plus, it was in the homeowners' interest, to follow the law, he said. In 90 percent of poor fire importance in the past two decades, forestry agents were that the areas around burned houses were not properly cleared.

'Machine Stuck in the Ground'

According to some experts, the installation of more buffer zones near villages would have achieved only so much. Just as problematic was the failure to make the forest, the police did not have to have been harmed.

Bad storms in 1999 and 2000 do-

revoed large plantation blocks in the forest, leading farmers to fill the gaps by planting many new plant.

That created large, contiguous blocks of trees of the same age and have a without open space and breaks in the landscape that help prevent the from spreading, according to a 2021 report from France's top auditing institution.

"The only way they were matches made in the ground, and we used as the fire hits the bottom, it climbs right up to the top," Mr. Gariria-Turcq said.

The fire hit 2022 fires, Mr. Macron said that more firebreaks should be built inside the forest, "especially when fire is a risk — which is to say, almost everywhere."

First, experts, landowners and mayors said, has not happened.

For example, between Saumou, there the fire started, and La Pange, where 100 houses burned down the days. "I think we could not equate firebreaks to slow down the fire," Mr. Gariria-Turcq said.

According to Mr. Labos, the process has been hampered by climate-based roadblocks, objections from environmentalists and forest owners themselves, who are making a plan up part of their plantation for no return.

Even during the current fires, the local authorities took two days to prepare the cutting of a new forest in the forehead, according to Mr. Labos. The local prefectures did not respond to requests for comment.

Once permission was granted, the forest suggested the premises association was able to cut 75 miles of new trucks, each more than 50 yards wide, in little more than two-tenths days, he said.

The fire was a long away from some only do so much against a fire of this community. "Atmosphere, Mayor Terrira, a local farmer with a plot that is 90 meters wide, said the fire was a sample over it."

"The longer-term solution, especially the Gariria-Turcq said, is to break up the forest with different kinds of land use."

"The rest question is: Can we do something other than forestry in the future here? Couldn't we take bring in more agriculture or material farming?" he said. "We need to stop away from some culture to better protect the forest, and that is the crux of the problem."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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Ukraine Is Making Inroads In Once-Hostile Territory: Trump's MAGA Movement

This article is by Anton Protasovitch, Kim Bessinger and Constant Milieux.

WASHINGTON — Ukraine rolled out the end surged for Laura Loemer, the far-right activist who frequently speaks to President Trump.

She sat down for about 40 minutes late last month with French Man, Mahéyory Zelensky, conducted the first interview with Ukraine's new acting defense minister, dated with the country's

The far-right activist Laura Loemer visited Ukraine last month and met with President Mahéyory Zelensky.

chief called out just a tour of an animal shelter, given her affection for dogs.

"They view me as an extension of the Trump administration, even though I don't work for the Trump administration," Ms. Loemer said in an interview.

Speaking to phone from Eric's, Ms. Loemer, who used to echo Russian listen staring points about Ukraine being run by non-Asian, marched in the "lands' waves" her arrival and newly pro-Ukrainian teenage had set off.

The stir around Ms. Loemer's trip reflects the years of effort that Ukraine and its supporters have developed, and is made the skepticism of the country's war effort harboured by Mr. Trump's MAGA movement and the president himself.

"And it seems how the right's split over the Iran war may also be embracing the political battle there over Russia and Ukraine.

Pro-Ukraine groups have long highlighted that the movement in Russian-attraition and the persuasion of some Christians in Russia. They have organized trips to Ukraine for conservative activists; pastors and influencers. They once took out a billboard with a Bible verse across from Spodate Miko-Asheon's Louisiana church.

But they have struggled to make inroads with Mr. Trump, his closest aides and key right-wing voices. Since 90th fall, Mr. Trump's broad and critical survey, kept traveling to Russia for meetings with President Vladimir I. Putin but not to Ukraine. Parker Carlson, the former Pre-Town man, kept traveling Mr. Putin, saying he is "trying to re-Christianist Russia," Mr. Trump kept saying he trusted the Russian leader.

"Ultimately, the president is the only person who endures," said Melinda During, a senior adviser at the pro-Ukrainian nonprofit Russia for Ukraine, where she doesn't outreach to the Trump administration.

While many MAGA figures have shown "personal support and resources" for Ukraine's cases, Mr. During said, they "can't do anything about it because Donald Trump hasn't changed his mind."

"But it why his talking and other Ukraine supporters are now buying that Mr. Loemer's visit represents a turning point. Ms. Loemer said she called Mr. Trump from the Ukraine. On the other hand, she said she "felt for Russian propaganda" when she once called Mr. Zelensky's sad feasting. "And, I see,"

There are some signs: Mr. Trump may be giving more food to Ukraine's supporters as Russia's invasion more the four-and-a-half-year mark, but little to signal a decisive change to more.

The president said in early July that he would allow Ukraine to manufacture Martin air-defense systems, then told The Financial Times last week that he was "not sure" he would do it.

Anton Protasovitch reported from Washington, Kim Bessinger from Los Angeles and Constant Milieux from Kyiv, Ukraine. Kim Burker contributed reporting from London.

He has maintained his sympathetic approach to Mr. Putin.

"I'd like him to end the war," Mr. Trump said of Mr. Zelensky after meeting with him at the White House last week. "I got along with President Putin. I got along with President Zelensky."

Mr. Zelensky came to Washington for the funeral of Senator Lindsey Graham, Republican of South Carolina. Some hope that Mr. Loemer can fill the void he leaves behind as a pro-Ukrainian veteran Mr. Trump's ear.

Ms. Loemer, who first rose to prominence in right-wing culture with her anti-Brazilian and homephiatic twenties, proved her personal influence with Mr. Trump last year when she apparently persuaded the president to fire six of the national security aides. This was the same aligned herself with Mr. Trump further by defending his decision to attack Iran.

The two right-wing divisions were Iran and Israel, Mr. Loemer said. One precipitated her change of heart on Ukraine. Two of her biggest online newsmen, Mr. Carlson, and their paid-patient children Owens, have doubled down on their Russia-treadily statutes as they criticized the Iran war and the U.S. alliance with Israel.

Although all those people had something to comment and that's that they all aggressively advocate for Russia in the Russia-Turian war? Ms. Loemer said "a nation is filled in to work, who else are they lying ahead."

Ms. Loemer, who has nearly two million followers on X, has said her work is harder for them to do. The decline is identify the said in a May interview that she was finishing her "pitch shot" to her friends. "I think it is my opinion," said as X that the cost of her trip to Ukraine was "supplemented" to private Americans who were worried about my safety."

As American nuclearist and the Iran ship, according to Ms. Loemer, offering the opportunity to travel to Ukraine. The individual, whom Ms. Loemer declared to be "unwilling to be a good service and had not numerous trips to Ukraine for proper time-voted in learning more about the conflict."

Her contact is together regarding the need for the developing country's air and lodging, finding a local videographer to find Mr. Loemer and coming up with financial support to cover the costs of security while in Ukraine. Before Ms. Loemer's arrival, the person arranged for a number of trips, including to a new factory, health industry and numerous open close to the Iran lines, as well as meetings with high-ranking officials.

Seven times, a former Republican chief of staff in Congress who founded a charity supporting Ukraine, said Ms. Loemer's chief marked a turning point because it countered several major right-wing influencers who have largely echoed anti-Ukraine narratives, such as Mr. Carlson and Mr. Owens.

In recent months, Mr. Morin has announced Ukraine's successful drone campaign against the Russian military to portray Mr. Putin as the one thing Mr. Trump has long said he despises most. A total.

His group, the Ukraine President Projov, ran a "Pride in a race" online advertising campaign highlighting Russian battlefield Russian forces, the crippling of much of its Black Sea Fleet and the country's struggling economy.

"Nobody wants to be associated with a fool or a lover," he said. "Trump likes winners, he likes to be associated with winners and Ukraine is the winner right now."

In May and June, Mr. Morin's group hosted a 10-day trip to Ukraine for conservative media that included a public relations specialist working for Mr. Loemer, Andrew Moore. The group visited frontline military units, saw churches affected by the war and met with Kyrylo Budanov. Mr. Zelensky's chief of staff.

A month and a half later, Ms. Loemer was in Ukraine, reheating the anti-Ukraine narrative she had since amplified. She met with Rabbi Moshe Reuven-Antian, son of the country's leading Jewish-Indigenous figures, whose son was killed fighting Russian forces.

"The rabbi told me his dead Jewish son didn't fight alongside Nazis," Ms. Loemer, who is Jewish, wrote on social media.

In the next issue the anti-Ukraine U.S. support, framing it not as an act of charity — a characterization long prominent by Mr. Trump — has an act investment in American security, pointing to the most counter-driven technology now being used to help U.S. allies in the Middle East defend against Iranian attacks.

The debate, a former able to Roper Ailes, the architect of Fox News, said it was the kind of argument that could resonate with the MAGA base.

"Trump needs a language with which he can sell Ukraine to the American people," he said. "And Laura Loemer is giving him that."

NEWS ANALYSIS

Iran War Deepens Doubts on U.S. Credibility

By STEVEN KRAJACHS

BERLIN — The American airline, President Trump's war in Iran, now to its ninth month, seems headed for a strange defeat.

They worry that the inability of the United States to turn military superiority into a nonstability changed Iran has displayed a vulnerability that Russia and China will welcome. In addition, Mr. Trump's push remains unmet, and the U.S. military is running short on key armaments that it needs for global reach.

For the moment, Iran is seemingly insular under a more radical government, its nuclear and ballistic missile programs are degraded but not destroyed, and the Strait of Hormuz is effectively under its control. The war has left both the United States and Israel in weaker positions—and blaming each other for the news.

Iranian missiles and drones can only restrict traffic through the strain and damage the economic infrastructure of allied energy production, but they also continue to threaten the U.S. and U.S. users across the Middle East and have killed or injured American service members.

With Mr. Trump's aims shift—the disintegrated coming credibility both militarily and diplomatically, midwest and, its one part in the war underwaves the impression that the United States as an unprotected instrument of global disorder, they said.

The war may evolve, but so far the result has been "a strange" one and an even more. The war and Robin Nilsen, a former director of Chatham House, is likely such as the U.S. and the U.S. allies and those who rely on the U.S. security, this is confirmation that you can't trust the United States.

The U.S. has obtained its own collapses, he added, "people won't forget that they security and their homes were dragged into question by an unpredenable and worsening U.S. foreign policy."

The reason allies remember Mr. Trump's war to seize Greenland from a NATO ally and the Ukraine's military forces. The United States also are his spending goals. Middle Eastern allies are not their own security understand by this war, even if they are too unnoticed. The Washingtonian's major partnerships with the United States, But they are already hedging, looking for required ties with Iran and better relations with Europe, China and Russia, and all Vact, the Iran project director for the International Cross Group.

Many countries disliked the global order as it was. Mr. Nilsen said, but there was one. "Your America has confirmed itself as a force of disorder, and everyone is knowing lessons from it and trying to be less dependent," he said. "No one wants to be subject to a religious foreign policy that doesn't leave its future, and that is a strange defeat."

Mr. Vactz said other recent developments as evidence that the United States has lost credibility as a guarantee of allies security, including Mr. Trump's abrupt change of demands but month after announcing a landmark nuclear agreement with Saudi Arabia.

"The knocks do a nuclear deal with Trump that he walks back in 10 hours," Mr. Vactz said. "This is the crisis of credibility of the U.S. nuclear to military powers nor to diplomatic promises can be trusted."

Mr. Trump has argued that it is vital to prevent Iran from gaining a nuclear weapon and that it will eventually code to suppress force. Eventually, he said on Friday, he expects Iran to realize it can't take any more punishments and will negotiate on U.S. terms.

"We'll be hitting them. We'll be hitting them very hard," Mr. Trump said. "As some point, they're going to say, 'We just can't take it anymore.'"

But let's being whatever faith he had in the Iranians, complaining that they "always want to talk" but break their word after negotiations. "They'll get insider," he said, "and then they years up."

World War II left the United States stronger at home and with more influence abroad. But since then, America's military record has been a mixed bag. Eravious

FRANK H. WASHINGTON, MD, 1926. © 1926-1928, 1928-1929

A banner showing the late supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khazaneni, in Tehran's Grand Bazaar

more willing to suffer the pain and expense of conflict, as is Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan, outlawed the United States.

This war in Iran may turn out similarly, with Washington linking a sufficient reason to cut its losses and go home.

Already, the conflict "has understood U.S. deterrence and credibility, antagonized America's allies and delighted its adversaries," said Aaron David Miller, a former American negotiator and one a long, a short at the Carnegie Endowment for International Trade. "Just if the Strait of Hormuz falls under Iran's leverage and control, it will come from nothing less than a strange defeat."

A severe shortage in crucial air-defense countries like487, the United States has lost credibility as a guarantee of allies security, including Mr. Trump's abrupt change of demands but month after announcing a landmark nuclear agreement with Saudi Arabia.

"The knocks do a nuclear deal with Trump that he walks back in 10 hours," Mr. Vactz said. "This is the crisis of credibility of the U.S. nuclear to military powers nor to diplomatic promises can be trusted."

Mr. Trump has argued that it is vital to prevent Iran from gaining a nuclear weapon and that it will eventually code to suppress force. Eventually, he said on Friday, he expects Iran to realize it can't take any more punishments and will negotiate on U.S. terms.

"We'll be hitting them. We'll be hitting them very hard," Mr. Trump said. "As some point, they're going to say, 'We just can't take it anymore.'"

But let's being whatever faith he had in the Iranians, complaining that they "always want to talk" but break their word after negotiations. "They'll get insider," he said, "and then they years up."

World War II left the United States stronger at home and with more influence abroad. But since then, America's military record has been a mixed bag. Eravious

with Washington, Mr. Vactz said, and they also want a puffback of U.S. offensive military assets.

"The foreign relations is simple," he said. With its regional pressure in service, "they need the right to be in the same direction to extract concessions from the U.S. and get a guarantee that an attack on Iran can't happen again."

Their position may be strengthened by the decision of their Interest ally. But thanks to the decision the able to become a strait that Saudi oil exports pass through on their way to Asia.

But even decision makers in Iran who have further negotiations with the United States are losing confidence that Mr. Trump will be able to keep in any deal over the Strait of Hormuz or anything else, argued Khaedyar Balmatoghan, the Prime Minister is Banzar Foundation, a research institution focused on economic diplomacy.

"Iranian leaders have become intensely productive about what diplomacy with the Trump administration can achieve," he said.

Washington has started a war a days our cases to know how to win or end, while Iran is minorectal-like any deal reached with a implementation. The coming weeks are likely to see a continuing cycle of aid but Irazao and escalation, Mr. Vactz said, a new form of forever war.

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10

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

The Brief, Puzzling Surge From Morocco Into a Tiny Spanish Territory

From Page 1

years ago, the last time so many non-Europeans surged into European-held territory, upended the continent's politics and spurred the rise of its anti-immigrant right.

As the city's residents huskened down and shuttered their mares, groups of mostly young men with members to go filled squares and aversars, condemnation courtyards, killing overlooks and bridge underpasses. Some took days in waters patrolled by a Spanish naval ship or waited through a band of floating detritus — plastic bags and water bottles — caught in the current. Others marched across a beach littered with the things their fellow arrivals had carried: single shoes, a shed wet suit, mobile phone cases, an 22-cent from Casablanca.

Spanish soldiers, many of whom had been mobilized on Thursday to deal with the crisis, stood an nearby tanks. They watched the migrants drink water from beach showers, and shattered the waters of the islands and branded with the slogan, "Crisis, where you feel the moisture."

Nearby, young teens laughed under the whirl of grand lobbying terrorists, who are the exercise equipment at a beach shop ground. Mr. Alondón wore a pink trolling suit and stood bare-throated, his black T-shirt along over his shoulder. He looks in the text were cut, he said, from clambering over rocks near the border.

His voyage had been a disappointment, he said. Like so many, the shattered the stars, and the fled soldiers and policemen burying him to know. "There's no secret, there's no food, there's no place to sleep," he said. "There's nothing."

As the migrants took over the

Tensions erupted between two men who migrated from Morocco on the streets of Costa, Spain.

screens, residents mostly stayed hidden in their homes, bringing their shops and businesses closed.

Emerging health, Francisco Pérez, 65, rushed his grandchildren into our seats as the migrants walked around him. He said his granddaughter had asked why they couldn't go to the beach, and why there were "so many Moroccans." The locals, he said, were "scared" and furious with the Spanish government, which, he said, had abandoned them.

Pedro Sánchez, the Spanish prime minister, tried to avert such reactions by rushing to Costa on Friday morning to show his support for its citizens and also to condemn the influx as a "violation of

Spain's territorial integrity."

Est. Mr. Sánchez's right-wing critics — both at home, around Europe and throughout the world, including at the White House — the surge of migrants was an indictment of his pro-immigration policies. His government allowed more than one million migrants illegally living in Spain to apply for legal residency this year — a move that the opponents said had helped to entice the migrants.

To opponents of immigration, the footage of migrants sweeping into the tiny Spanish territory amounted to Exhibit A for their case. Costa, all of a sudden, became an international resident of the perils of unchecked illegal im-

"There's no water," one migrant said. "There's no food, there's no place to sleep."

migration.

In response, Mr. Sánchez blamed human trafficless for misleading the migrants about how they would be to claim any harm to Spain — and noted that, despite his migrant-industry policies, Spain has attracted fewer illegal migrants in recent years than some European neighbors.

It is still unclear why so many

people came to Costa. Many of the Moroccans who wandered around Costa on Friday wandered if the doors hadn't opened because of some unknown plan by Morocco, which has been accrued for many immigrant flows in the past for political pressure.

"I don't know why they let us through," said Ajoufi el-Arto, 24, who said he heard about the open border as social media. "Maybe they had some political reason. They opened the border and let everyone go by."

He added, "When there are political problems, Morocco opens the doors and rolls us to go."

Douan Simi, 35, who also said she heard about the unchecked crossing an social media, said "weat 'one' and put the place of mouth, attracting people from all around Morocco. Please do English, French and Spanish, she said she worked as a good, and the strong-gun was approximately decided to take advantage of the opportunity."

She climbed over a fence and swore to the Spanish shores. He said, but she had expected something more welcoming. No one had lived, water or a place to sleep. Still, she said, "I'm not going back."

Many seemed not to know exactly what they were doing there.

Young men, starters or in soccer jerseys, marched barefoot or sometimes in a single sandal, are in an outdoor parade. One teenager gently knocked on the grate of a closed food market while others hovered longingly around the city's locked supermarkets.

As Friday morning turned to a furious and the harsh sun burned away the clouds, men sought shade wherever they could. One young gathered under a bulking statue of Hercules near the port terminal. Others leaned against

gas station pumps or reclined under the route of abandoned stalls that had been raised for a local food bar. Still more looked in trash bins for food, or begged passports for water, the woman hinted by a Zara man.

Subayman Ahmed, 63, a resident of Costa who is of Moroccan descent, said he couldn't believe that Morocco was letting so many people through.

"They have to put more resources to stop people from coming," he said, complaining that the appearances of politicians at the border, including that at Mr. Sánchez, amounted to "theatre."

As the day progressed, A became clear many of the migrants were leaving. By the boardwalk, the people who were in the city soldiers who had booked a mobile phone to impress that played messages to记者 telling them to go home. Other Spanish soldiers and police officers threatened the migrants, leaving their tricks to push them back to the border. In the city, a strong band of young Spanish men blamed down and intimidated Moroccan smugglers.

Even as a sprinkling of late arrivals waited through the water, a mass return was underway.

By 4 a.m., 45,300 people had gone back across the border, according to Spain's interior ministry. They crossed into a small beach between the coastline' border fronts, to ranch screwed with clothes and plastic bags, to Spanish soldiers yelled for migrants to keep moving out of Costa. Then they walked past into gates topped with barbed wire and floodlights, back into Morocco.

Mr. Alondón moved in the long line, deeply disappointed with his adventure across the border.

"They had nothing for us," he said. "They were screaming, 'Get out of Spain.'"

Spain Installs Floating Barrier Amid Contentious Debate Over Migration Policies

Dozens Have Died Trying to Enter Autonomous City

By CARLOS BARRAGAN and CYNIKY CRUTEL

CRUTEL Spain — The Spanish authorities said on Saturday that they were installing a floating barrier near a sea wall between Morocco and the autonomous city of Costa, after a surge of tens of thousands of migrants into the territory two days earlier raised questions across Europe about Spain's ability to control its borders.

The announcement, from Spain's Interior Ministry, came as a vast majority of those migrants appeared to have left Costa, a Spanish enclave in North Africa. For those who have stayed, and who have tried to evade the police and angry crowds of locals, the next many remained enclave.

In least 40,300 of the roughly 30,000 to 80,000 people who entered from Morocco had returned there by late Friday afternoon, according to Spain's Interior Ministry, while hundreds more continued to know throughout the night. A press officer for Spain's government in Costa said at least 67 people died trying to enter the city in recent days.

The crisis in Costa prompted over 50 European Union countries to write a letter to the European Commission asking for an emergency meeting of interior ministers. Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez of Spain wrote his own letter to the commission that the border for government's migration policies and accused those who had called to suspend Spain from the black free movement area of being "within."

Most of the migrants who entered Costa were young Moroccans not seeking work. On Saturday, a few hundred migrants from elsewhere in Africa turned on a beach in the city's northwest. Many said that they believed Spain could not return there to Morocco because they were from other countries.

"I don't want to go to Morocco," said Kamal Omar, 24, who said he left his home in Sudan in 2012 because of the civil war there and arrived in Morocco last year. "Please give us protection."

The Spanish government appeared focused on his on increasing Croatia's border with Morocco. On Friday, Mr. Sánchez said Spain had been forced to return from a containment barrier, a physical barrier, if only a visual one."

The heavy will also comply with a recent ruling from Spain's former state's district. The state prompted the influx of migrants into past work, Mr. Sánchez said.

Mr. Sánchez blamed human trafficless for spreading massive problems across the border. He said that migrants interrupted at sea could not be immediately sent back unless they had bypassed a barrier while trying to reach Costa.

Aids alone contributed reporting from Morocco, and deemed Jewish from Brussels.

Exhausted migrants, above, slept on a beach in the autonomous city of Costa on Saturday after crossing from Morocco while others, far right, gathered at a public shower while awaiting humanitarian assistance. The Spanish government began to install floating barriers, right, in an attempt to prevent a repeat of this past week's wave of crossings.

Spanish territory.

The new structure is an inflatable barrier 500 meters (about 1,000 feet) long that extends as much as one meter below the surface, the Interior Ministry said in a statement. It will be reinforced by an outer line of anchored heavy provided by the Spanish Navy, the ministry said.

Judith Sunderland, of Human Rights Watch's refugee and migrant rights division, said that Spain's plans were "visiting red flags."

"It is hard to imagine how the authorities would intercept people trying to swim around the barrier," Mr. Sunderland said. She recalled a 2014 episode in which Spain's Civil Guard lived rather than as a group of people carrying to reach Costa from the sea. At least 10 people died in that attempt.

Mr. Sánchez's critics on the right, who have seized on the cri-

DRUG CONFERENCE ON THE TRACTS FROM A CITY'S TRACTS

sis to portray him as too late on the migration, called the new measure inadequate.

"One don't secure a border by putting hours in the sea," Alberto Núñez Friján, the leader of the conservative Popular Party, the main opposition group, said on Friday.

Mr. Sánchez hit back on Saturday at the many anti-immigrant leaders and right-wing politicians in Europe who had blamed his government's migrant-friendly policies for the crisis.

An action from European Commission, Mr. Sánchez said some "have chosen to attack Spain and to call for its temporary exclusion from the Schengen Area," which allows for freedom of movement

among European countries.

"Such an attitude — driven by prejudice, false news, ignorance or political interest — is not only contrary to European law, humanities can law and the principles of solidarity that bind us together," Mr. Sánchez wrote in the letter, which his office shared on Saturday.

"It is also contrary to Europe's long-term interests and to the most basic common sense," he added, noting that Spain has one of the least proven external barriers in the E.U.

Twenty-two European leaders wrote their own letter to the European Commission on Saturday, calling for an urgent meeting of interior ministers and a coordinated response to the crossings in

CONGRESSIONAL PHOTO OF THE TRACTS FROM CHINA

Costa.

The letter, signed by Prime Minister Giorgio Molise of Italy and Alberto Frederitano of Germany, said Chancellor Friedrich Marz of Germany, among others, said that E.U. could not allow mass crossings to create the impression "that a migrant's illegal entry can turn into a legal step."

That "would encourage further attempts, undermine confidence in our common migration policy and have repercussions for all member states," the leaders wrote.

Costa has been governed by Spain for centuries, along with Melilla, another autonomous Spanish city further east along the same coast. The territories, which

have the E.U.'s only land borders with Africa, have long been a part of instance between Spain and Morocco. While Costa is part of the bloc and the Schengen Area, it operates under special rules that require additional border controls before people can travel onward to mainland Spain and the rest of the bloc.

On Saturday, young Moroccans were still wandering the smokers of Costa, looking for food or disclosing under street shade, thus rushing into the hills or falling in the street when police officers or soldiers approached.

"There is still a sense of peace among the population," Juan Jesús Vivas, the president of Costa, said on Saturday.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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11

A woman collecting water from a stream near a home that collapsed after last week's earthquake in Kamanoto Prefecture, Japan.

JAPAN DISPATCH

Earthquake and Heat Pose 'Double Disaster'

This article is by River Akiva Davis, Hiraide Ueno and Kindo Natsun.

In the aftermath of the major earthquake in southwestern Japan, emergency workers and thousands of displaced residents are mounting a gruelling recovery amid sweltering heat.

Four days on, the death toll from Thursday's magnitude 4.5 earthquake in Kamanoto has risen to 16. Rescue workers have been navigating aftershocks — around 240 to 64, according to the Japan meteorological agency — as well as temperatures exceeding 500 degrees or much, any survivors will trapped in collapsed buildings. More than 5,000 people are sheltering in evacuation centers.

In the stinggy evening heat at the mangled Aeon shopping mall, hundreds of recent workers rushed in rotating shifts hoisting sides of concrete and revised metal in search of survivors. Seven people were killed when the building's second floor collapsed, while five were pulled from the rubble alive.

"We don't know if that's everyone, so we're still going morning," said Takeshi Ueda, a Kamanoto police official stationed at the mall on Thursday evening. Heat trapped inside the gutted building from heavy equipment has been "brutally tough" for workers wearing heavy gear and masks, he said.

It is also dangerous, with "nivel framework held up by threads," he added. "Operating under these conditions is gruelling."

15 Kamanoto, relief efforts in the coming days and weeks will be critical.

When powerful earthquakes struck the region in 1936, direct casualties initially numbered around 10 from collapsing structures. The disaster's total death toll eventually surpassed 270 as evacuees succumbed to secondary health complications, brought on by seven and prolonged stays in collapsed shelters and cars.

This time, the main challenge is likely to be battling heat.

Tuesday's course was the first of this seismic intensity to strike

Left, a middle-school gymnasium in Yamashiro that was converted into an evacuation center. Right, the Nippon Paper Industries factory, where nine people died when a chimney collapsed.

the earthquake-prone country during the height of its following summer months.

Since the quake, dozens of people in Kamanoto have been transported to hospitals with suspected cases of heartstroke, according to local officials' tallies.

"This summer's intense heat represents a situation that can truly be described as a double disaster," Minoru Kihara, Japan's chief colonic secretary, said as a news conference on Friday. Mr. Kihara promised support from the national government to help the prefecture secure air-conditioning equipment.

A Tragedy Compounded

Conditions in Kamanoto City, the Nippon in the prefecture, were largely underspired in the days following the quake. But made it the city, the roads were cracked and hatched and plumes of black smoke were visible in the distance. In Yamashiro, near the epicenter, rows of all wooden homes with the roofs lay flattened, their contents spilling into the streets.

Elite Ushibashi, 85, went to an evacuation center in Yamashiro, a converted middle-school gymnasium, to escape the heat after violent shaking from the earthquake had broken the air-conditioner in her home. The major earthquake that struck Kamanoto

to 10 years ago occurred in the more temperate month of April, she noted.

"But this time it's just so hot," she said.

On Monday, temperatures in some parts of the prefecture are projected to hit 40 degrees Celsius, or 104 degrees Fahrenheit, the threshold for what menses mightst in Japan are now calling "kukushoku" or "crusify hot days."

According to prefectural officials, 374 evacuation centers have provided refuge for residents whose homes were destroyed at 140 without functioning utilities. But many of these facilities lack air conditioning.

In Yamashiro, the evacuation center at the middle school had roughly 200 families and lives have climate control. Volunteer students checked in residents at the entrance, while evacuees rented inside, many napping on blankets spread across the roof gym floor. The facility had recently begun bringing in evacuees from a nearby elementary school that lacked power for air conditioning.

"Given the time of year, places without functioning air conditioning are basically unusable," said Atsuko Kudo, a Yamashiro City government worker overseeing operations at the site. Even with air conditioning at the middle school, several evacuees were

hospitalized with heatstroke after returning to their damaged homes during the day to clear debris, she said.

"Unless the lifeblood of water and electricity are restored, we're not going to see a decrease in evacuees here anytime soon," Ms. Kudo said.

Mouse Taniguchi, 72, was among the Yamashiro residents clearing debris from her home on Friday. When the earthquake hit, she was sitting on a couch, which slid across her house in the shaking. "The tremors were so unbelievable — they just wouldn't stop," she said. "As one point, I completely gave up and thought 'I'm going to die right here.'"

On Friday, Ms. Taniguchi's home had electricity but no running water, forcing her to stop out into the heat force times a day to fill huckers using a knee connected to a groundwater supply at a store across the street. She lives a few streets away from the Nippon Paper Industries factory, where nine people died when a chimney collapsed. The last missing worker at the facility was found dead on Thursday.

Ms. Taniguchi, who had worked until retirement at the plant, said that she knew several of the workers who had died. "I watched smoke from those chimneys my whole life," she said. "It's so heartbreaking."

Rescue Team Finds Body Of Eminent Mountaineer After Deadly Avalanche

By BRNOO CHINNIE and ELIAN PEUTIER

Normal Purja, a renowned British-Nepali mountaineer, was celebrated for summiting a cluster of the world's tallest peaks in record time, was found dead at 10:10 on available struck Makinami-Broad Peak, one of the world's highest mountains, on Thursday. He was 65.

The influential guiding company for Swedish Elite Espoel, confirmed the death in a social media post on Saturday.

Mr. Purja's prodigious climbing achievements inspired a 2021 Netflix documentary. But his reputation was marred when two miners said in 2024 that he had made unwelcome sexual advances toward them, allegations he denied.

Along with nine other climbers spread across four teams, Mr. Purja had set off for the summit of Broad Peak early Thursday morning. four operators had contact with the climbers by 9 am, local time, and reports of an avalanche surfaced on Thursday evening.

Human Aljabal Ramai, a business partner of Mr. Purja, was formed to The New York Times that Mr. Purja body had been found, but did not immediately confirm whether the body had been recovered. After the rescue team in Pakistan suspended its work on Friday evening, local officials said the bodies of several climbers had been located to dress.

Elite Espoel said in its post that other climbers had died, naming "his trusted climbing partners and guides, Pur Bahadur Gurung (Yakita) and Yotsa Sherpa," and at least three other climbers had been confirmed dead as of Saturday afternoon. Local officials did not immediately reply to a request for comment.

Nepali's prime minister, Bakindya Shah, posted a tribute to Mr. Purja on social media. Although the physical journeys of Normal Purja and the other fallen climbers have come to an end," he wrote. "Hard courage, downstairs time and comfortment to remain interesting will endure."

Normal Purja, known as Yotsa (as of May 2, 2016) was born on July 1, 1963, in the village of Dusa in the Mough district of Nepal, and grew up in Chitwan, near Kathmandu. In his 2020 memoir, "Normal Possible," he wrote that from a young age he had aspired to join the military, like his father and older brothers.

His family was poor, but from a young age he was educated at an English-speaking boarding school. "Everybody slept in a house, when the older kids hold the power and the teachers beat the children if they ever stopped out of line," he told National Geographic in 2020. "I had to learn how to survive in such a tough environment."

He joined the British Army in 1960 as a member of the Garkhan, Nepali soldiers who have fought for Britain for over 200 years. After serving for six years, he was the first Nepali accepted into the British Special Base Service, an elite special forces unit of the Royal Navy, and acquired British citizenship while serving.

Mr. Purja wrote in his memoir that he discovered a love of mountaineering during his time in the heat service. By 2000, he had climbed several major mountains, establishing a reputation as one of Nepali's best mountaineers.

In 2018, he resigned from the military, including his pension, to embark on what he called Project Possible, aiming to climb all 14 of

Francesca Regisiole contributed reporting.

the so-called death zone mountains — those higher than 8,000 meters (about 28,000 feet) — in recent time.

He started his attempt in April 2020, and climbed six mountains in Nepal to 31 days and five peaks in Pakistan to 25 days. On 25-years, he took a photograph of climbers waiting to reach the summit, which were viral and contributed to a distant about dangerous overcrowding and pollution on the mountain.

On Oct. 28, he summited the 10th park, Shivlagaragana, in Ti Ka, meaning he had completed the full cycle in just six months and six days, leaving the previous attempt by over seven years. (Re-tractors later said that he had stopped short of the time geographic peaks of two of the mountains, though he corrected that on later climb.)

Mr. Purja's achievement gained worldwide attention and was featured in the Netflix documentary 14.1 Peaks: Nothing Is Impossible: In 2023, his record was broken by Kendra Harila and Terpen Lama Sherpa, who completed the climbs in 92 days.

Normal Purja climbing achievements inspired a 2021 Netflix documentary.

Mr. Purja repeated the 14 peaks in 2024, this time without supplemental oxygen. On Monday, he wrote on social media that Broad Peak was the practitioner mountain in his second attempt to cut-rate all 14 peaks without oxygen.

Mr. Purja's survivors include his wife, Sacks Purja, and their daughter.

Mr. Purja had been accused of sexual abuse by female climbers, including by a former client of Elite Espoel. In a 2024 New York Times article, Leta Orissa, a professional mountaineer and former Miss Finland, described an encounter in her heart room in which she said Mr. Purja removed her clothes despite her presence in the same article. Dr. April Lamazola, an American physician who employed Mr. Purja as a guide on K2, said that he repeatedly preprocessed her for not during the week. A lawyer for Mr. Purja at the time said that Mr. Purja "unresponsibly denies the allegations of being guilty."

Over the course of his climbing career, Mr. Purja summited 6,000 meter peaks 10 times. In January 2025, he was part of the team that made the first successful winter record of K2, the world's second-highest mountain.

In his memoir, he recalled a three call with an avalanche on Annapurna, one of the "death zone" mountains.

"God knows how much snow branched over us at full force, maintaining and moving at the turn," he wrote. "I expected to be swept down the mountain at any second, all of us tumbling over one another, until suddenly, unexpectedly, everything became still again. We'd survive."

1964 SHELBY COBRA DAYTONA COUPE

Among the Most Significant American Cars | Formerly Part of Carroll Shelby's Persoon Collection

Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ymw0229

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12

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

National

The New York Times

California Gave Rise to Drive-Throughs. Some Cities Are Just Fed Up.

By SHAWN HOLLER

LOS ANGELES — It was lunchtime on Saturday in Southern California and the hunger was 20 cars drop at the In-N-Out Burger drive-through late. None to sidelight, the traffic streamed into a jammed parking lot anchored by the Culver City Costco — past seas of parked cars, around families with hooped carts and toward the Costco gas station and 15-minute oil change shop.

The sun glared at the pavement. The air smelled of hot exhaust and emons.

"This traffic is insane," said Pierre Amaree, a 64-year-old photographer from Santa Monica tacking into a $6.35 Double-Double in the front seat of a Olympia. "Not one is the best burger in the world to me."

In such gratification worth the chaos? That has been the sizzling debate lately in parts of California, the car-observed state that gave rise to America's drive-through culture. Leaders in several cities are calling for drive-through crackdowns, arguing that they threaten the modern California Dream of clean air, safe streets and walkable communities.

This summer, Culver City, a five-square-mile community with about 40,000 people on the congested Westside of Los Angeles County, moved in halt what locals complained was an untrouble pileup of drive-throughs.

Besides the In-N-Out near the Costco, there are already locations, just minutes away, at either end of Los Angeles International Airport, and another just over the Culver City line that has become a local legend for its remastering queue that routinely stretches for blocks past homes and apartments on a residential side street.

So when the ironic California chain proposed another location with a 18-car queue and 61 parking spaces at the juncture of three major streets — a "tenga-drive-through," as neighbors called it — it snatched off a rebellion. And the city made headlines.

"I have been on the City Council for a year and a half, and nothing we've done has caused this much attention," said Bryan "Bubba" Fish, the vice mayor, who also works as a transportation deputy for a member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. "Look, I love a burger and I love an snack as the next person. But hundreds of people were writing in, worried about traffic, air quality, safety and mobility."

When the City Council responded with a plan to permanently ban new drive-throughs, however, they were unexpectedly punished with right-wing blow-back.

The New York Post called it a "war on fast food." Commentators on Newsmac said the role was "anti-family."

Tens of thousands of drive-throughs operate in California, the nation's most populous state. The founders of In-N-Out, in fact, are credited with investing the gares when they hung a two-way speaker outside their Los Angeles-area restaurant in 1846.

Drive-throughs spread in the 1860s with the nation's freeway system and took off in current in the 1970s as places like Southern California filled with single-family tract homes and two car garages. As baby boomers came of age, drive-throughs were a source of family-friendly convenience and cheap-outs.

They also were a signature symptom of a Washington that opened pollution. A ban in the Central Coast college town of San Luis Obispo, Calif., in 1962 inspired scattered restrictions, mostly in places where the architecture was less suburban and the air quality more challenged — South Pasadena, Sierra Madre, Claremont. As the country served, new urbanists also inveighed against drive-throughs, saying they undermined everything modern American cities now value: livable neighborhoods, safe and clean streets, space for bicycling and hiking, shopping local.

Then, just as policies were starting to shift, the coronavirus pandemic next consumed back to drive-throughs. Traffic rose 20 percent nationally from 2009 to 2022, according to the food service research firm Technomic, as terrified Americans avoided each other. Chains like Tara Bell and Chipotle supervised digital pickup lanes. Click-It-A developed a two-story, four-lane drive-through that delivered food on a conveyor belt from the kitchen.

Now, the population has swung again. Fast food restaurants, which according to industry experts earn about 70 percent of their revenue through drive-through windows, have been seriously squeezed. Prices have saered for energy, beef, credit card use, labor and other necessities of operation, while discretionary income has shrunk, especially among power consumers.

DoorDash, delivery bars, linenspace and cyclospace outbreaks haven't helped.

In California, where the 320 hourly minimum wage for fast-food workers is the nation's highest state rate, one of the largest Calif.'s: Scandaleans filed for bankruptcy protection this year. Other chains have been more resilient: In-N-Out, which has become a sort of unofficial state source attraction, is adding three new California restaurants.

Even the "haros" of the drive-through world, however, have been facing a tough crowd in California's more affluent mar-

PHOTOGRAPH BY CARMELA BERNSTEIN, OCT. 1998, 1999

In-N-Out Burger drive-through lines snaking around the nearby Culver City Costco in Los Angeles, and near the Los Angeles International Airport, bottom middle. Leaders in several cities are calling for crackdowns on drive-throughs, arguing that they threaten clean air, safe streets and walkable communities.

'This traffic is insane. But this is the best burger in the world to me.'

PIERRE AMOORE, who housed an In-N-Out law for a Double-Double.

hers. Santa Monica has continued to ban drive-through restaurants even in the midst of a municipal budget crisis.

In Wine Country, a review of the zoning code in the city of Napa prompted the Planning Commission last month to develop a drive-through ban that could include not only restaurants but also dry cleaners and car washes.

In Santa Barbara County, planning commissioners debated upthrive traffic and "refer aluminum" for months before they finally voted in June to let a Click-It-A drive-through open at the site of a shattered 10/10' The city of Santa Barbara, the county seat, has banned drive-throughs for decades.

A proposed In-N-Out in Palm Springs

is still awaiting its shot after two years of city hearings. Concerns include traffic and fears that the architecture isn't mid-century modern enough.

Drive-throughs offer jobs and low-cost meals, but exacerbate traffic jams, block sidewalks, generate air pollution and no danger pedestrians and bicyclists, said Charles L. Malone Jr., a land-use planner and president of Strong Towne, a non-profit based in Minnesota that promotes civic engagement. In recent years, he said, community resistance has tended to correlate most with affluence. Long lines of cars, he said, don't encourage tourists to window shop at boutiques or singer at sidewalk cafes over crosscarts and cappuccinos.

"Wealthy people enjoy In-N-Out, too," said Ms. Malone. "But drive-throughs tend to be a more working-class experience."

The resistance in Culver City has come as the community — known a generation ago for its proximity to show business and relatively affordable houses — has become one of the more in-demand addresses in Los Angeles.

Now, the $117,100 median household income is about 10 percent higher than the county's. The local Envelope market sells $12 products sometime. The downtown is a destination, with gaurav pubs, tech employers, market-see apartments and awardees.

"People need to move to Culver City because it felt like a small town," said Vanessa Martin, a mother of two who lives near the proposed drive-through and organized the neighborhood against it. "Houses here are $2 million now."

Ms. Martin said that she had no opposition to development that was appropriate for the space and had "no beef with In-N-Out, for that matter," but the site of the proposed drive-through was near a school, a park and a residential neighborhood.

"That intersection is already giants," added Paul Hewitt, an actor, Little League coach and father of two who popured the neighborhood with Slavs. Last month, the City Council extended a moratorium on all drive-throughs while it drafted a plan to ban them for good.

A representative for In-N-Out said that "as a private, family-owned company, we generally don't comment publicly on business matters." But a senior development manager for the company, Peter Rubinutchi, told the City Council in June that the company was "surprised" by the proposed ban and found it unnecessary.

Local ordinances already allow the city to mitigate traffic, noise, trash and any other issues, he said, and it wasn't as if Culver City was managed — 20 successful years had passed since the city lost approved a drive-through. That was also an In-N-Out, Ms. Rubinutchi noted. The one at the Costco lot.

The In-N-Out founders are credited with being the first, in 1948, to invest and post a two-way speaker for a restaurant.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

9

13

Abandoned vines at Panaise Vineyards in Subidad, Calif. The state produces about 80 percent of the nation's wines. People have been drinking less amid growing public health warnings about alcohol.

California Winemakers Are Tearing Out Their Hair, and Their Vines

From Page 1

Paul Giamatti as an aspiring novelist and wine cook who enrolled pinst noir's "thrilling and subtle" flavors.

The indie film set off a pinst noir boom in California. Strongy tasting, sweet in Central California, where the movie took place, filled with customers. Those already producing pinst sold out their inventories in record time. Across the state, growers planted it anywhere they stock.

"You could almost feel it," said Mark McWilliams, who recently closed his pinst noir-focused winery in Sonoma County and recalled the frenzy of the 2000s. "All people wanted was pinst noir."

In the early 1970s, Mr. Smith's family moved to coastal Monterey County because his father, who had a degree in agriculture and had been working in a lab, saw promise in the nearest wine business here. The region, about 160 miles south of San Francisco, is an agricultural hub with hot sunny days and foggy nights; the perfect climate for cultivating the delicate grapes needed for pinst noir and chardonnay.

At first, Mr. Smith's family helped other vineyards grow grapes. Then they bought their own land. Over time, his company, Valley Farm Management, acquired 1,000 acres and sold first to some of the largest wineries in the state.

Mr. Smith was already growing pinst noir when "Sideways" premiered. Afterward, he replaced some of his merlot grapes with more pinst. (The film also dead a blow to merlot sales after Mr. Giamatti's character dismissed it as well.)

His winery had its highest profits in the few years after the movie came out.

But demand for wine grapes, particularly pinst noir, began to dry up a few years ago as wine sales plummeted. Mr. Smith said, He tried to give discounts to other vintners, but he still couldn't make the truth work.

The slump in California has in particular hit red wines, which tend to have a bolder taste and higher alcohol content. In 2025, for the first time in decades, winemakers in the state produced less red wine than white wine.

Pinst noir remains the second most popular red wine made in California, and experts say that some of the vines that

Jason Smith, chief executive of Valley Farm Management, is selling his land and shutting his family business of 51 years.

growers are ripping out were planted after "Sideways" St. places less suitable for delicate pinst grapes.

Still, production of pinst has dropped 10 percent in California since 2021. Across the state, growers have also been replacing the grapes with lesser-known white wine varieties that customers increasingly prefer, such as foam and grinner vehbase:

"We were so pinst noir-centric," Mr. Smith said. "And then there just wasn't the demand."

Mr. Smith said he felt tremendous grief about the decision to sell his land and company, and he felt ashamed that he was letting down his father, who died in 2025.

But it had become increasingly clear in recent months that closing down the business was the smartest path, he said.

On the day he burned his pinst vineyard, he drove past a neighboring one that was also tearing out all its grapes.

In 2035, roughly 26,000 acres of wine grapes were pulled out across California, about 7 percent of all grapes planted statewide, according to data from the California Association of Whoogrape Growers. More than half a million tons of grapes also went unpicked, according to industry estimates.

To pay off debts and avoid bankruptcy, Mr. Smith sold his trophy vineyard to Jackson Family Wines, which owns more than two dozen California wine labels, and other parcels to private equity companies. He is selling equipment for cash.

"This is all I've done my whole life," Mr. Smith said. "I'm going to have to find a new career."

The fall grape harvest began in Cali-

fornia last month, and thousands of tons of grapes are expected to be left on the vine again. Hundreds more wineries are expected to close in the next two years, by which point the industry is expected to bottom out, experts say.

"As we hit past in the grape and wine business, we've never seen the amount of change and turmoil and chaos that's going on right now," said Steve Lobe, president of J. Lobe Vineyards & Wines, one of the largest wine producers in Pearl Robles and Monterey County.

Owners of bars and bottle shops in California said that younger consumers have increasingly asked about nonalcoholic options, and speculated that winemakers had lost some business because of the popularity of cannabis. Customers who wanted wine, they said, tended to look for chilled milk, orange wines and

white wines that felt un564).

"Wow that you can drink out of a camping mug and it tastes just as good," said Alex Ma, 12, co-owner of Ruby Wine, a natural wine bar in San Francisco.

Many wine purveyors said that any drug in sales was more the result of customers, particularly younger ones, not being able to afford what can feel like a luxury good, rather than a rejection of the beverage itself.

Adriana Valero, 41, who owns Wien on Piedmont in Oakland, Calif., said that despite the popularity of trendier wines, pinst noir is still her go-to recommendations for customers buying a gift because it's an easily drickable red. But pinst noir tends to be expensive, as it's a finicky grape that is difficult to grow, so it can be beyond customers' budgets, she said.

"It's still very hard to make an inexpensive pinst," she said.

As Ben Clinton, a winery in Santa Barbara, has been making pinst noir for more than 40 years. Before shooting "Sideways," the actors in the film visited the winery to get a behind-the-scenes look at how the wine is made.

The winery plans to reduce production this year as sales are down, said Michael Melankey, the general manager. Some provinces in Canada, long the top wine export market for the United States, have banned American alcohol sales in response to tariffs imposed by the Trump administration. On top of the year-long downturn, the recent trade war has hurt as Ben Clinton sales in particular, Mr. Melankey said.

But the financial pressures were worse during the Great Recession, he said, and he both confident his winery will make it, even if others don't survive the industry tightening.

"People love wine, they love wine with food," he said. "It's like any business that goes through cycles."

"Luckily we won't have A.I. taking surplus," asked his winemaker, Marc Pies.

Mr. Smith is hoping to completely close his business in the next few months, And he doesn't know what will come after that. The grapes and the vineyards had been his retirement plan.

Even after he is no longer in the wine industry, Mr. Smith plans to still drink pinst noir.

But what's actually his favorite type of wine?

"Beer and whiskey," he said.

Vines and stakes smoldering in a pile. Right, collecting a vineyard's detritus. The slump in California has in particular hit red wines, and production of pinst noir has dropped 30 percent there since 2025.

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14

THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

The 47th President

From Page 1

sive. As this power grew with the revenue he generated, he worked to curtail the social justice litigation at the core of the firm's culture, viewing it as bad for business because it could advance clients.

Mr. Barclay particularly studied with a young rising star as Paul Weiss, it is first openly transgender partner, The Times found.

The lawyer, Lex Korberg, decided to leave Paul Weiss after Mr. Barclay pushed against the social justice work. But Mr. Barclay had sidelined first leaders that after Mr. Korberg — who sues they/them prowess — transmitted, he did not want them dealing with his clients. He said a transgender lawyer could hurt business by making clients uncomfortable, according to two people who heard Mr. Barclay make these remarks and members who were told about them at the time.

To troubles the firm, Paul Weiss struck a secret 83.5 million deal in 2023, never previously revealed, under which Mr. Korberg agreed not to sue or disparage the firm.

While Mr. Barclay was changing the firm's culture, Paul Weiss continued to oppose Mr. Trump, even more aggressively when he was out of office. In an unusual arrangement, the firm paid associates to work for the Manhattan district attorney's office, helping build a criminal prosecution against Mr. Trump.

Once Mr. Trump were verbalist, the firm scrambled to avoid his sin. It stopped representing a drone manufacturer that was using the Prologue, partly out of concern about tangling with the administration, according to three people with direct knowledge of the matter. It also started scrubbing its websites of content that might draw the attention of Mr. Trump and his aides.

When Mr. Trump issued his executive order against the Weiss, leaders at the firm were convinced they could hunt it in court. Like they learned opposing the president would hurt the firm's finances and his clients. And after the deal was made, when a top partner wanted to bring a productive rights case as a class of independence from the administration, she was shot down by Mr. Barclay and Mr. Korberg.

As a sign of how skeptic the firm had become, an small exchange reviewed by The Times documents a heated discussion among partners about how — or whether — to alter a website that recounted the firm's work against either on information and the record of Jan. 6, 2023. Some even proposed checking with the administration to see whether the website would anger the White House. Another partner warned that "there likely won't be a next time" for Paul Weiss "if we get hit by the administration again."

In response to questions about his deal with the White House, a Paul Weiss spokeswoman, Lewis Van Drie, said that "any assertion that our independence has been jeopardized is completely false."

More pointedly, Ms. Van Drie said that Mr. Korberg had been "a highly valued partner" and that Mr. Barclay had been "happy" for Mr. Korberg "to work for his clients."

While Ms. Van Drie said that Paul Weiss's pro has a work had continued to increase, the firm did not provide any examples of work it had done opposing the second Trump administration.

In addition, the firm declined to make Mr. Karp and Mr. Barclay available for interviews.

Meanwhile, the firm's transformation has altered the trajectories of both of their careers.

In pursuit of new business clients, Mr. Karp landed the private equity giant Apollo Global Management in 2011. Thoragth Apollo's chairman at the time, Leon Black, Mr. Karp met Jeffrey Epistolo and later offered the six offender free legal advice. When the extent of his ties to Mr. Epistolo emerged and the plan for a move of Justice Department documents, Mr. Karp was forced to step down as chairman of Paul Weiss.

His replacement? Mr. Barclay.

DOING WELL

AND DOING GOOD

In the fall of 1982, Ted Sorensen visited Harvard Law School to interview candidates for Paul Weiss's class of content associates. Mr. Sorensen was the first one in Democratic lawyer who had served as an adviser to President John F. Kennedy and helped write his 1961 inaugural Address. After the Kennedy assassination, Mr. Sorensen became head of Paul Weiss's international practice, counseling corporations and heads of state.

One ambitious student Mr. Sorensen met that day was Brad Karp, a choral lung triumf native. As a top student, Mr. Karp had many options for summer work, but he was swayed by Mr. Sorensen's pitch. Like its competitors, Paul Weiss offered an opportunity to

Reporting was contributed by Joanne E. Brownrich, Matthew Goldstein, Benjamin Preston and Arie Thier.

How a Top

Law Firm Stopped Fighting Trump and Made a Deal

make a good living advising the world's most important people and corporations. But Paul Weiss had an unmatched record supporting diversity, Democratic politics and social justice litigation.

Paul Weiss had fashioned itself as the firm of firsts — the first major law firm to name a female partner, the first to hire Black associates, and a pioneer among New York firms in having Jews and non-Jews practice together.

It had represented the "Scottsboro Boys"—Black Alabama managers falsely accused in 2010 of raping their song while women — as a case that ultimately led to establishing the right to counsel. In the 1950s, the firm assisted Thurgood Marshall, then counsel for the S.A.A.C.P., in the Brown v. Board of Education school desegregation case.

The future liberal justices Ruth Bader Ginsberg, Elena Kagan and Irena Sennocque were all summer associates.

During the second half of the 20th century, the firm was steered by two revered figures: Simon H. Rifkind, a former federal judge, and Arthur Linian, a former federal prosecutor. In 1983, Judge Rifkind wrote what became the

firm's cords, a "Statement of Firm Principles" terroring a commitment to diversity, excellence and responsibility not only to the legal profession but to "a free democratic society."

By the late 1990s, both Judge Rifkind and Mr. Linian had died, leaving leadership of the firm to a staff tax lawyer. While the firm flourished, many partners felt it needed to adapt to an increasingly competitive landscape.

In 2008, Mr. Karp was elected chairman after establishing himself as a top litigator and an indefatigable networker who had helped land clients like Chigroup.

Mr. Karp was determined to enhance the story the firm told of itself, the story of doing well and doing good that originally had attracted him.

He made a two-pronged plan. The first was to publicly embrace Paul Weiss's pro has a work, partly to help recruit young talent by distinguishing the firm from competitors that were more focused on the bottom line.

The second part of Mr. Karp's plan was to focus on the bottom line. At the time, Paul Weiss partners made about

In 1931, Paul Weiss represented the "Scottsboro Boys," who were falsely accused of rape, in a case that ultimately led to establishing the right to counsel.

The firm represented Edith Windsor, third from left, in a gay-marriage case in 2013. Among her lawyers: Roberta Kaplan, far left, and Lex Korberg, far right.

THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

83.5 million annually. The firm was thriving thanks to building clients that were bargaining the fallout from the financial crisis.

But Mr. Karp envisioned that work eventually develop. The rise of private equity offered a lucrative line of legal work assisting in mergers and acquisitions. That highly competitive area of corporate law was different from Paul Weiss's specialty — handling complex, long-running litigation. Mr. Karp decided that maintaining and increasing the firm's robust profits required pivoting hard to corporate work.

Over the next decade and a half, Mr. Karp would drive his firm and himself to new heights of power and prominence. But decisions he made during that period set the stage for the eventual dislodging of Paul Weiss from its deep roots and for Mr. Karp's own eventual tumble.

A CORPORATE TURN

Mr. Karp scored an early victory in his strategy to increase corporate business when he landed the private equity firm. Apollo, which would become its highest paying client.

But he needed a beau file ruinninkry who would sting right that Paul Weiss had come to play in a different arena. He found his man to Mr. Barclay, a partner at Crouch, Swane & Moore, a top Wall Street law firm, where over two decades he had held an impressive record of generating corporate work, particularly in mergers and acquisitions.

Mr. Karp — along with Paul Weiss's head of corporate law, Robert Schuster, the brother of Senator Chuck Schuster of New York — wooed into over drinks and dinner at La Berrazzillo, the Michelin-used restaurant near Paul Weiss's Midtown Manhattan office.

To end the deal, Mr. Karp agreed to stay free without of dollars more a year than he earned at Crouch — and more than many veteran Paul Weiss partners.

Announcing Mr. Barclay's hiring in April 2016, Mr. Karp called Mr. Barclay "one of the nation's leading M&A lawyers, if not the leading M&A lawyer."

Mr. Karp said who firms needed strength in bar areas of practice — mergers, private equity, litigation and white-collar defense — and "we believe, especially with firm's address, that we are the only firm that has market-leading practices in all these areas."

But there was uneasy among some at Paul Weiss. Partners and associates started from lawyers at Crouch that some people there were not unhappy to see Mr. Barclay go. His age made him difficult to work with, the Paul Weiss lawyers were told.

"There was a worry that he was going to change the culture," said Elizabeth Grossman, a former Paul Weiss associate.

Mr. Karp and Mr. Schuster reassured very colleagues. Mr. Barclay said he just wanted to grow the firm's business and had no interest in being part of leadership. Besides, they reasoned, Paul Weiss had a well-established culture.

At the end of every year, the firm held a dinner where new partners offered bearthlit remarks about what Paul Weiss's values meant to them. The year Mr. Barclay joined the firm, Mr. Karp

spiraged, renting out the blue-white room at the American Museum of Natural History.

Brussels hit the foot model whale, partners and their spouses drank and ant-When it came true for Mr. Barclay's remarks, he used the opportunity to dip in some criticism of his former Crouch colleagues, according to three people who were present. It was a brief episode, but it raised eyebrows among some Paul Weiss partners.

THE LEGAL

RESISTANCE

Roughly a month after that dinner, Mr. Trump was sworn in, referring to his first-term life span of norm-breaking, law-rhabilitizing actions. True to its history, Paul Weiss positioned itself as the leader of the legal resistance.

When Mr. Trump restricted travel to the United States from seven predominantly Muslim countries, Mr. Karp jumped in. He sent roughly 100 Paul Weiss employees, including dozens of lawyers, to acquire to provide free legal services to extended travelers and used the administration over the loan.

The new year, when the administration began separating migrant children from their parents at the southern border, Mr. Karp tapped his legal and political network to organize a campaign against the policy. He persuaded another law firm to help and deployed Paul Weiss lawyers to find the children, leading to about 250 resublications.

It was a moment of pride for the firm. One lawyer memorialized the number of families reunited with a union. The Financial Times gave Mr. Karp a special achievement award for "standing up to the White House."

"Senior lawyers can be reluctant to speak in public about controversial issues," the publication wrote in an article—"With Brad Karp, not an outlaw."

The working side of the firm was the firm's ethos was different then. In 2019, first leaders leading to hire a high-powered litigator identified a Washington lawyer, according to one current and two former Paul Weiss partners. But an impassioned debate followed after Paul Weiss's very interest he had done legal work for groups that opposed abortion, and he was not hired.

In another snapshot of that era, Mr. Karp came under attack on his left flank after announcing Paul Weiss's class of 2019 partners. It video case and one white woman. Nearly 200 legal officers of major corporations — including Hispanic USA and Rose Allen Shantham — warned Mr. Karp in a letter that they would take their business elsewhere if Paul Weiss failed "to reflect the diversity of the legal community."

Privately, Mr. Karp was from that the firm's values were being questioned. Probably, he was covert.

"I wish I could be Superman and fly backward and make time go back and make sure that we had special individualized reasoning for every single female associate. I would have to take," Mr. Karp said at the time. "But we didn't do that. And we've learned very valuable lessons."

As the firm assembled the next year's partner class, one associate was a perfect candidate, a young litigator who seemingly contested everything Paul Weiss valued. Ms. Korberg.

A PROGRESSIVE

LITIGATOR

Ms. Korberg was a third-year law student at Yale in 2011 and working at the American Civil Liberties Union when they heard that Paul Weiss needed junior associates to work on the case of Edith Windsor, which helped lead to the recognition of someone marriage in the United States.

Ms. Korberg went to work for Roberta Kaplan, who was leading the litigation at Paul Weiss.

Ms. Korberg's work quickly stood out, and they lagged hard ends of hours on the case. On the day the Supreme Court ruled in 2011, Ms. Korberg was by Ms. Windsor's side as Paul Weiss was hailed as a leader for progressive legal causes. This was the signature pro from work Mr. Karp wanted to transpire, and in the following years, the firm promoted its work on the case to turn them and fresh hands.

By 2008, Ms. Korberg was one of the lead lawyers representing Jackson Women's Health Organization in Mississippi — in the Dade's case that led the Supreme Court to overturn the federal right to abortion.

Ms. Korberg also proved they could generate revenue as a litigator of complex business disputes. The lawyer said in a podcast that they had envisioned a career devoted exclusively to liberal causes but had come to embrace Paul Weiss's deal back.

"I love that in the morning I'm repro-

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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MARK HARBOR—CLAIBORNE FROM THE LADY, DETROIT OFFICER—BRIAN ALBIE, A CITY SHERIFF MANAGER—JOHN BUCKLE, CITY CLERK

'It is plain to us, as it would have been to our grandfather, that taking action to stay off an enemies list does not advance the rule of law.'

AMY AND NINA RIFKIND, both lawyers, reserving to Simon H. Wikind, author of Paul Weisels guiding principles, in a letter about the firm's deal with the Trump administration.

seeming the last abortion clinic in Mississippi and in the afternoon I'm representing the board of directors of CBS." they said.

While Ms. Korberg was a year shy of the right years usually needed for associates to be made partners at Paul Weiss, Mr. Karp elevated Ms. Korberg, given their stature and the pressure for diversity after the spouse over the 2010 partner class.

If Ms. Korberg was emerging as the new face of the firm's historical values, Mr. Barabay was the face of the new Paul Weiss. The American Lawyer named Ms. Korberg a "Young Lawyer of the Year" in 2021, two years after the publication named Mr. Barabay "Dominator of the Year."

Starting in the early 2020s, the corporate work Mr. Barabay had been hired to enhance accounted for 60 percent of the firm's revenue, dwarfing its litigation work, according to a copy of Mr. Karp's 2022 annual address to partners.

By then, Mr. Barabay, who had initially said he had no interest in leadership, had

joined the "Deciding Group," which manages the firm and determines annual compensation.

The firm had always been the domain of litigators, who by reputation are experts in the intricacies of the law and writers of well-argued briefs. Now, the firm was becoming dominated by corporate lawyers, whose expertise was making deals for titans.

Mr. Barabay's power was ascending, threatening Mr. Karp and the firm's culture. Mr. Korberg was caught in the middle.

PARTNERS AND RIVALS

It began with the classic pandemic-era workplace dispute: the return-to-office policy.

In 2021, Ms. Korberg was appointed to lead the committee on in-office work and

pushed for three days in the office after surveying employees. Mr. Barabay pushed for five, mirroring the financial institutions that he and his corporate group were serving.

In a please conversation on Mother's Day 2023, Mr. Barabay lashed out at Ms. Korberg, insisting on the five-day requirement, according to four people familiar with the call. (The firm's spokeswoman said Mr. Barabay recalled a "robust but respectful discussion.")

Ms. Korberg prevailed, but news of the call spread through the firm.

In 2022, Mr. Barabay started asking partners about Ms. Korberg's billable hours, suggesting they were doing too much pro bono work, according to two people briefed on the matter. Those questions concerned some partners, because the head of corporate law was questioning the work of a high-performing litigator. But fearing Mr. Barabay's questions could not be ignored, they arranged for Ms. Korberg to brief him on their work.

As a dinner with young litigators the next year at Muroa, a fancy Italian

restaurant on Central Park South, Mr. Barabay belittled the litigators, saying that they were soft and didn't know how to bring in business, according to a current Paul Weiss partner and three former partners. Some next what announces to S.O.S. tests to colleagues who weren't there, said two of the former partners, who received them.

When someone asked Mr. Barabay if he eventually wanted to replace Mr. Karp as chairman, he said he was essentially running the firm already, with Mr. Karp more as a puppet. He said he liked the arrangement because he could assist power without attending to the tedious tasks of the firm's daily operations.

When word of the dinner got back to Mr. Karp, he confronted Mr. Barabay, telling him he could never behave like that again, according to one of the partners.

In response to The Times's reporting, the firm provided a statement signed by 30 lawyers who had attended the meal, saying that The Times "completely mischaracterizes the dinner" and that "over

the course of the evening, we had a candid, mutual and constructive exchange of views on various topics related to law firm practice."

In closed-door leadership meetings, Mr. Barabay pushed his view that lawyers were too focused on pro bono work and that the firm needed to operate as a business and recruit more aggressive associates, not soft, idealistic lawyers intervened in social justice cases.

It was clear that Mr. Karp was feeling the heat. In a conversation with one lawyer, Mr. Karp markedly acknowledged he was losing control to Mr. Barabay, according to a person with direct knowledge of the encounter. Mr. Karp said that he was trying to protect the firm's culture and employees from Mr. Barabay, the person said. (In a statement released by the firm, Mr. Karp said: "That story is false. I have enormous respect for Scott, and we have always been the closest of colleagues.")

But Mr. Barabay's influence and the shifting political winds were pressing on Mr. Karp. In his annual address to partners in May 2023, Mr. Karp lauded Paul Weiss's pro bono work as having "made our country more fair and equitable and helped burnish the firm's reputation and profile over several generations," according to a copy of the speech reviewed by The Times.

But while "this unique aspect of our history attracted many of you to Paul Weiss," he said that as the firm had grown, it had recruited lawyers "with divergent political sensibilities."

"We are, after all, a commercial law firm, and we a public interest advocacy organization," Mr. Karp said. He proposed that the firm continue its "core pro bono work" but "be sensitive as to which matters we publicly promote."

"We need to recognize that there is a wake, anti-wake, blue-state, red-state war in our country and being enslaved in that war is not good for business," he said.

Weeks later, the issue came to a head. Make had passed a law making it a bit say so good greater transition care to minors, threatening doctors with up to 10 years in prison. The A.C.L.U. and Paul Weiss — with Ms. Korberg taking the lead — used to stop the law.

Typically, Paul Weiss presented its involvement in such cases. But when Mr. Barabay learned the firm would be mentioned in the A.C.L.U.'s news release, he demanded that its name be deleted, according to five people with direct knowledge.

Going forward, firm lawyers were told, Mr. Barabay would have to approve all such releases.

The Idaho case was the breaking point for Ms. Korberg, according to the people, and they told Mr. Karp they wanted to leave.

Mr. Karp tried to appease Ms. Korberg. Though the news release had already gone out, Mr. Karp had Paul Weiss's name added to the post on the A.C.L.U.'s website and his own name as a lawyer on the case.

But Ms. Korberg was not swayed. In addition to what they saw as a retreat from progressive causes, Ms. Korberg confided to a senior partner, they felt that Mr. Barabay was unfairly singling them out for scrutiny and that the only difference between them and their colleagues was that they were trans.

Top partners were concerned that Mr. Barabay had treated Ms. Korberg differently after they had transitioned in 2021. Four people with direct knowledge of what occurred inside the firm said that once Ms. Korberg transitioned, Mr. Barabay said behind their back that he considered them a liability because of how clients might react.

Although Ms. Korberg never threatened to sue, partners feared they could go public, harming the firm and Mr. Barabay, according to one of the people.

While Paul Weiss had become a good firm during the #MeToo era for internal investigations of other institutions, including Fox News, it never thoroughly investigated how Ms. Korberg was treated, according to three people with knowledge of the matter.

Instead, firm leaders began negotiating an exit with Ms. Korberg.

Ultimately, Ms. Korberg agreed not to sue or disparage the firm or even reveal the existence of a deal. In exchange, Ms. Korberg remained at the firm for another year, working mostly on pro bono cases and monitoring, and received about $5 million in compensation, according to four people familiar with the arrangement.

On top of that, Ms. Korberg was given another year's salary, roughly $2.5 million. While the money was substantial, they would have made many millions more had they remained at the firm for years.

Paul Weiss's spokeswoman strenuously insisted that Mr. Barabay had nothing but respect for Ms. Korberg. The firm provided The Times with an internal email exchange, and April 2022 in which Mr. Barabay said he was "totally comfortable" with either Ms. Korberg or two other lawyers staffing a matter for one of his clients.

The exchange indicates Ms. Korberg was not assigned to work on it.

A 2024 news release about their exit from the firm and their new job at Her

Continued on Following Page

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

The 47th President

How a Top Law Firm Stopped Fighting Trump

From Preceding Page

Justice, a legal advocacy group for impoverished women, can't be more so Ms. Kerberg cloning a dream.

"I have loved my time at Paul Weiss, and I am so grateful to the firm for its unwavering commitment to social justice," Ms. Kerberg said, adding, "In these exceptionally challenging times, I feel called to commit myself full time to public service."

Mr. Karp said that Ms. Kerberg "is a brilliant lawyer and wonderful colleague who has made an available contribution to Paul Weiss's long legacy of social impact."

THE WAR WITH TRUMP

As Mr. Trump returned to office last year, Mr. Karp's initial strategy for the firm was paying off big time. A Bloomberg Law News article in mid-February declared, "Paul Weiss Clients Doubt Chart to Challenge Wall Street M&A Ether."

"Paul Weiss, long known as a top-tier litigation law firm, has recognized several New York rivals who become a mergers and acquisitions heliometh," the article said. By that point, the firm had doubled in size under Mr. Karp's chairmanship to well over 1,000 lawyers. Mr. Barshay and Mr. Karp were each making more than $20 million a year, according to three people with direct knowledge of their compensation, and the average partner was making $8 million.

During the years Mr. Trump had been out of office, Mr. Karp had held time to Paul Weiss's public interest strategy by waging legal and political war against the soon and future president.

In 2012, the firm deployed two associates — paid by the firm — to work on a criminal investigation of Mr. Trump being led by a former Paul Weiss partner, Mark F. Pomerantz, for the Manhattan district attorney's office. Another Paul Weiss lawyer, who had worked on Robert S. Mueller III's special-counter Russia investigation, sued the Proud Boys and Oath Keepers for their role in the Jan. 6 Capitol row.

Mr. Van Drie, the spokeswoman, said it was typical for firms to send associates to work for "clients, public interest organizations and government agencies."

As Mr. Trump rebounded politically, Mr. Karp headlined a fund-raiser for President Joseph R. Biden. In One of the firm's top lawyers, Karen Dunn, led Vice President Kansas Harris's debate prep. Overall, Paul Weiss partners gave more money to Democrats in 2016 than any other firm.

In November 2024, Mr. Trump, who had campaigned on a promise of exacting revenge on his enemies, won re-election. Now, Paul Weiss had a lot to lose financially and was an even bigger target politically. Mr. Karp told a senior partner that the firm would not be able to allow the administration as it had during Mr. Trump's first term, according to the partner.

The firm went into a defensive coach even before Mr. Trump was sworn in.

In October, Paul Weiss had sued the Defense Department on behalf of the Chinese drone manufacturer ILO, challenging its designation by the Pentagon as an arm of the Chinese military, which could undercut its business. But after Mr. Trump was re-elected, Mr. Barshay argued on a heated call with a number of lawyers that Paul Weiss should not be in an adversarial position with the government and said he had concerns about the company more generally, according to two people with direct knowledge of the situation. In December, Paul Weiss withdrew from the case. Mr. Van Drie said the decision "would have been made regardless of which political party was in office."

Amid the tension over Mr. Trump's impending return, Mr. Karp had a heart attack four days before the inauguration. He had led the weekly Tuesday partner lunch just before and returned to lead the

next Tuesday's lunch, fearing that the firm would be thrown into turmoil if he appeared to be ailing.

"I'm next month, Paul Weiss's leaders noticed that Elon Musk, then a top Trump aide, had posted on X: "What's law firms are pushing these anti-democratic cases to impede the will of the people?"

Paul Weiss began scrubbing its web-use of references to public interest work that might conflict with Mr. Trump's war on "webwaves." The page highlighting its efforts to find "parents departed by the Trump administration and to reanify families" vanished, as did mention of its work on L.G.B. NJ, looser.

In March, Mr. Trump started signing executive orders targeting law firms.

One of the first was Perkins Coie, which had represented the Chinese campaign in 2016 and played a role in assembling a dossier of allegations about Mr. Trump's ties to Russia.

The executive order leveled a string of financially devastating punishments — ending federal contracts, stripping lawyers of security clearances and restricting access to federal buildings.

Lawyers at Paul Weiss took nervous note of a side comment Mr. Trump made to an aide at the public signing of the Perkins Coie order.

"You're looking at about 15 different firms?" Mr. Trump asked.

"That or more, sir, yes," the aide responded.

Mr. Karp told colleagues that the Perkins Coie action was one of the greatest attacks on law firms in his lifetime. He said that even if a judge halted it, he did not believe that a firm could survive such a vindictive administration, because most legal actions and clients intersect with some federal agency that respects to the president.

Understanding the vindictiveness, Mr. Trump's ally Stephen K. Rannon said on his podcast that Mr. Trump would destroy firms that opposed him. "They're not going to be walking around making it and 3, 4 million bucks a year, because he's going to put these law firms out of business," Mr. Rannon said.

While Mr. Karp, like leaders of other major firms, remained publicly quiet, he tried to reprint his role during the first Trump administration and rally the legal community. But he found little support.

When Perkins Coie sued, a U.S. District Court judge, Beryl Howell, said the executive order "reads little chills down my spine" and issued an injunction. She later wrote that the message was clear: "Lawyers must stick to the party line, or else."

Undertered, Mr. Trump signed an executive order titled "Addressing Risks From Paul Weiss" on March 16. Asserting that law firms had played a role in "the destruction of bedrock, American principles," the president's bill of particulars against Paul Weiss included its association with Mr. Pomerantz, the law firm's lawyers here cases and unexplained allegations of employment discrimination.

Like the Perkins Coie order, the punishments were potentially devastating for the firm and its clients. Companies represented by the firm could lose federal contracts, and more than three-fourths of the firm's clients had government contracts.

Mr. Karp received messages of support from lawyers and clients. But some clients made clear they would have a fiduciary duty to sever ties with the firm if the order remained or if the firm were at odds with Mr. Trump, according to emails reviewed by The Times. Mr. Barshay reiterated that point in private conversations with firm leaders, according to a Paul Weiss partner.

The pressure mounted. Several lawyers on Mr. Barshay's team blamed Mr. Karp and his public-facing work oppo-

ting Mr. Trump for putting a target on the firm. They said they were receiving resources from rival firms. Top partners feared that if a major corporate lawyer like Mr. Barshay left, others were likely to follow, according to three former and one current Paul Weiss partner.

Mr. Karp, meanwhile, was expressing conflicting reactions.

To a wide group of partners, he signaled an intention to fight, saying the order was unconstitutional and directing the firm's litigators to draw up a lawsuit demanding that a judge halt the executive order. Mr. Karp hired a prominent Washington lawyer, Bill Burch, to file it.

The lawyers were in a race against time. To obtain a temporary restraining order from a judge, Paul Weiss needed to prove that it was being irreparably harmed. Any delay in filing would undercut its argument.

But as a much smaller group of top partners, he said that even if the firm won in court, it would still have problems representing clients before an administration involved with logistics. He imagined the Justice Department simply re-facing to deal with Paul Weiss lawyers. He and Mr. Barshay privately concluded that the only way out was to cut a deal with the president.

Yet getting a meeting with the president was daunting, especially for Mr. Karp, who was so closely identified with Pomerantz. Mr. Karp worked his network and found an unlikely Trump ally to help in his attempted that Mary: the New England Patriots owner Robert Kraft.

CUTTING A DEAL

About a dozen years earlier, Mr. Karp and Paul Weiss had become legal advisers to the National Football League. The firm led its investigation into the "De-Bangster" scandal — in which the Patriots and the quarterback Tom Brady had been accused of defiating foothills to make them easier to throw.

The investigation and the punishment of the Patriots and Mr. Brady turned the team and its owner against Paul Weiss. But Mr. Karp rebuilt his relationship with Mr. Kraft, who told Mr. Karp to call if he ever needed a favor.

That's just what Mr. Karp did. He

poured for Mr. Kraft a possible deal involving Paul Weiss doing free legal work for the administration. Paul Weiss had done work for previous administrations, including during the financial crisis in the Obama years.

Mr. Kraft, a friend of Mr. Trump, vouched for Mr. Karp with the president, who had Mr. Kraft give Mr. Karp his cellphone number.

At the same time, Mr. Karp asked Mr. Burch, initially hired to fight the executive order, to explore whether the president would entertain a deal, according to four people with knowledge of the matter. Even White House officials seemed surprised that Paul Weiss might give in, according to one of the people.

It took two days of Mr. Karp moving messages before Mr. Trump called back. He told Mr. Karp that in addition to Mr. Kraft, Mary Rowan, the head of Apollo, had vouched for him. They agreed to meet the next meeting at 8 a.m. in the Oval Office.

Mr. Karp arrived alone. In the Oval Office was the president's personal lawyer Boris Epzheyns. Another one of Mr. Trump's personal lawyers, Robert Giuffus, was dialed in.

For Mr. Karp, Mr. Giuffus's presence was likely to be unnerving.

Mr. Giuffus is a fierce rival of Paul Weiss as co-chairman of Sullivan Cromwell, and he was handling Mr. Trump's appeal of his criminal conviction in the Manhattan district attorney's case involving Harvey Daniels. Now, Mr. Giuffus appeared to be helping the president bring Paul Weiss to deal.

The meeting lasted several hours. Mr. Trump complained that Paul Weiss had wronged him. He raised the fact that E. Jean Carroll, the woman who was a civil judgment against him for sexual abuse, was represented by Ms. Kaplan, a former Paul Weiss partner, as a trial overseen by a judge who was also a former Paul Weiss partner.

Mr. Karp refused one demand from the White House: that Mr. Karp commit to help to litigate the 2020 election and that Paul Weiss say it had been part of weaponizing the justice system against Mr. Trump.

Among the leadership of Paul Weiss, there was enthusiasm for resolving the executive order, according to multiple people involved. Even Ms. Dunn, who had helped the Harris campaign, pushed to finalize the deal.

"Let's get this dear!!!" Mr. Dunn wrote to Mr. Karp and other senior leaders in an email reviewed by The Times.

When Mr. Karp presented the framework of the deal at a meeting of the firm's partners on March 20, no one objected. He said that Paul Weiss would perform $40 million in free legal work for causes that both Mr. Trump and the firm backed.

The text of the agreement, reviewed by The Times, also said that the firm would show no political favoritism in choosing clients, that its pro bono work would represent "the full spectrum of political viewpoints," and that it would have "superior" agreed upon with the administration to review its hiring practices.

Still, Mr. Karp assured partners that

'We need to recognize that there is a woke, anti-woke, blue-state, red-state war in our country and being embroiled in that war is not good for business.'

BRAD KARP: It has annual address to Paul Weiss partners as chairman in 2023.

CHRIS DUNN/CHRIS THE NEW YORK TIMES

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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'I don't care about the internal audience or the press.'

SCOTT BARSHAY, who replaced Mr. Karp this year as chairman of Paul Weiss.

Paul Weiss would maintain its independent own.

But that evening, when Mr. Trump announced the deal on Truth Social, he put his own voice on the agreement. He said that Paul Weiss had agreed to 'not adopt, too, or pursue any 2012 policies.' At the same time, the White house put out a statement declaring that Mr. Karp had 'acknowledged the wrongdoing of further' Paul, Weiss partner, Mark Pomerantz.'

Mr. Karp was floured: 'I cannot believe this,' he wrote to partners in an email received by The Times. 'He changed the agreement, added a no-2012 provision, and came up with a completely false quote saying I acknowledged things I never said. My god.'

Still, Mr. Karp never publicly refrained the White House, and told colleagues that he thought he would be praised for holding an agreement that could be a model for other firms confronted by the White House. But once it was made public, the more that that the firm had capitulated in any form drew intense outrage.

A public letter to Mr. Karp signed by more than 100 of the firm's advice called the decision 'is a more塌陷型' to, and thus completely to, what is perhaps the gravest threat to the independence of the legal profession since at least the days of Senator Joseph McCarthy.'

From the granddaughters of Judge Rifkind, the author of the firm's guiding principles, wrote a scathing letter about the decision. 'It is plain to us, as it would have been so our grandfather, that asking action to stay off an enemies list does not advance the rule of law,' says and Nina Rifkind, both lawyers, wrote in the letter.

Inside the firm, 43 associates who had no say in the decision emailed Mr. Karp asking to discuss the 'firm's commitment to longstanding principles,' according to a copy of the note reviewed by The Times.

Provision gave from rivals as well, a partner at a competitor, Wachtell Lipson, immediately named Mr. Karp on an email discussion about trying to pouch Paul Weiss lawyers.

Mr. Epidermy bruggled that he now had leverage over Mr. Karp, according to 'Regime Change,' a book by the Times reporters Maggie Haberman and Jonathan Stoss. Mr. Epidermy told a friend: 'I'm in a pretty good place now. I'm the chairman of Paul Weiss.'

THE WAR WITHIN

Two days after the deal was announced, Mr. Karp wrote a letter to the firm, hoping to calm the handoah. He insisted the White House arrangements would 'force an effect on our work' and said the firm would 'continue our proud, notary long legacy of courageously standing up for businessmen' rights and liberties.'

But an internal debate required in an email exchange among partners and confirmed by four people shows how

sensitive the firm was about rambling the White House. At issue was Paul Weiss's reaction for the Center to Combat Hate, which highlighted its work against the organizers of a 2017 racist rally in Charlestonville, Va., as well as the Proud they, some of whose leaders had been convicted of seditious conspiracy in the last 14 Capitol run.

After taking down the site around the time of the White House deal, top partners scrambled to shift it, including he 'tween the sensitivities of the Trump administration and the record of the work the firm had proudly pursued, according to the four people. New satters inspired about the running website, investigating the internal debate.

Ms. Dunn, who had helped secure a $28 million judgment against the Charlestonville organizers, wrote in the exchange with colleagues that she wanted the site-matured unchanged.

'The problem is probably a website with any changes from where it was.' Ms. Dunn wrote: 'The company will be a huge problem.'

Ms. Dunn proposed shocking with Bill Burch – the Washington lawyer represented the firm – to ensure that it would not be an issue with the administration.

One of Mr. Bardsey's top disputes, Apple Business, warned the site restored but with major changes.

'We are pushing the heat if we leave the website as is,' he wrote. 'What is Bill going to do, ask Barts or Miller to read a Brody – is that better than an article there is the people are unhappy that we changed around the website.' 'Barts' and 'Miller' are apparently references to Mr. Epidermy and Stephen Miller, a deputy chief of staff.'

'Last week was miserable for all of us and our firm was saved from the brink of disaster,' Mr. Burches wrote: 'Our firm should not be taking any risks. There really won't be a positive deal if we got hit by the administration again.'

Ms. Dunn wrote that she had spoken with Mr. Karp, who said the site should be restored with minimal changes.

'I strongly disagree with this approach and have all that.' Mr. Bardsey replied: 'I don't care about the internal audience or the press.' He added that having endured the stress of the executive order he would not go 'through that again.'

Obviously, the website went back online, though it no longer mentioned using the Proud Story and Gold Keepers over their role in it.

In the days following the deal, as the burst of criticism grew, Ms. Dunn signed other firm leaders to use the administration as a sign that it had retained its independence. She had been looking for a potential client, including calling to an abortion rights group that was considered

ing a lawsuit. She roared it with Mr. Karp. He was lukewarm. Mr. Bardsey said he was strongly opposed, given the risk of angering Mr. Trump anew.

Paul Weiss never took on the case. That decision caused a rift between Ms. Dunn and Mr. Bardsey.

In May, an exodus of partners from the firm began at Ms. Dunn left along with Joannie Rhee, a former prosecutor to Mr. Mueller's investigation, and two other litigators in the Washington office to form their own firm. Over the next year, other top litigators – including Kamen Shaheenjoan and Andrew Ehrlich – departed.

With Ms. Dunn and Ms. Rhee's departure, the firm's Deciding Group was heavily slanted toward corporate lawyers.

Mr. Karp personally weakened the stater and Paul Weiss's profits continued to flourish. By the summer of 2025, Paul Weiss was doing free legal work for the Commerce Department, and unlike in the first Trump administration, it was not publicly associated with any action against the White House.

But then came another twist. In January, the Justice Department released a trove of more than three million documents involving its investigator into Jeffrey Epstein. Mr. Karp had been assuring senior partners that his name was in the files only because of his longstanding legal relationship with Leon Black. So, Apollo co-founder and private equity billionaire, who had become Mr. Epstein's primary source of income in the late 2000s of his life.

But as the news media allied through the documents, results surfaced suggesting Mr. Karp's relationship with Mr. Epstein had been more extensive than Mr. Karp had claimed, according to three senior lawyers with direct knowledge of the matter.

Among the documents was a March 2009 email to which Mr. Karp weighed to an a legal filing responding to some of the women who had accused Mr. Epstein of abusing them as minors.

'The draft motion is in great shape. It's overwhelming persuasive. Truly,' Mr. Karp wrote to Mr. Epstein, 'I particularly think that the government is not a 'cater' but in wait and out on their rights for their strategic advantage, knowing you were in prison, before they came forward.' Mr. Karp added.

Mr. Karp, the email showed, was advising Mr. Epstein, who was not a client of the firm, an something that did not relate to Mr. Black. Some senior partners left that Mr. Karp's leadership had become a liability, according to the three lawyers.

Top partners contested the Deciding Group without Mr. Karp. The group met over several days. Some lawyers contested how disappointed they were in Mr. Karp. Others shared that they were hearing from your clients. They decided that Mr. Karp had to stop down as chairman. Mr. Bardsey was named the new chairman. His first task was to inform Mr. Karp.

The transformation of Paul Weiss was complete.

Plan for Head Start Alarm Its Supporters

By CORAL DAVENPORT

The Trump administration is preparing a rollback of federal or barricades for Head Start, a change that supporters of the program fear could put in longstanding antipoverty intrusion.

'The proposed changes would remove most of Head Start's 12 pages of requirements for much and literacy curriculums, class sizes, medical screenings, home visits and even more. The federal health clinic would remain, according to these people with knowledge of the plan who spoke with a condition of anonymity to describe internal deliberations.

Administration officials say the changes will necessitate a heavily regulated program while giving some head start alarm comment.

But Head Start advocates say that ensuing regulations serves as 'backdoor way to dismantle a program the administration does not like. The White House last year called Head Start 'radical' and tried but failed to freeze speeding on it.

What Head Start facilities will still be required is comply with state rules, there are almost no comparable state-level programs with similar requirements, and even though the federal rules would not prohibit centers from providing traditional antipoverty services, some fear that the lack of their requirements means that many are likely to stop doing so.

The changes, previously reported by The Nation, are expected to be formally introduced as early as this week and could be finalized by year's end.

They would consider a program that has served most 30 million children since it was created in 1965 as part of President Lyndon B. Johnston's War on Poverty. Head Start was intended to be a federally funded and regulated party education and antipoverty program, with hundreds of states with its support that misses, making it more comprehensive than other child care programs.

A White House official, who declined to be identified, wrote in an email that the administration is supporting Head Start by keeping its funding in place and stoping offs in the official said would reduce administrative burdens.

The Health and Human Services Department's Administration for Children and Families, which oversees Head Start and drafted the changes, did not respond to requests for comment.

But Both Friedman, a child care policy expert who as a congressional aide created a bipartisan 2007 law updating Head Start's plan for the program was "massive gutting" of the program.

'Eliminating Head Start's performance standards gain the six-month-old standards that are given our youngest teachers to what they need to arrive at kindergarten ready to succeed,' she said.

The program, which today was the about 700,000 children under 6, has for decades attracted to partisan support. President Ronald Reagan expanded Head Start's budget to over $3 billion, and Foundation College Foundation signed a bipartisan law to modernized a free-Freedom Program. At first term, the program's program's budget by $900 million.

That has now changed the seasonally.

Project 2025, the policy blueprint by the conservative Heritage Foundation, called for the elimination of Head Start. 'The program should function to prevent and educate minors,' the document says. 'You'd also have done exactly the opposite.'

A draft White House budget document reviewed by The New York Times that year proposed to bring out appropriate funding for carrying it would help end the 'radical misinformation of our children.'

The report would not be designed to 'ruffled with social-nominated learning' and diversity, rapid and inclusive departments, and given preference to underwomen and programs. It begins with a case of a 'focuses' form? without an initial justice, and is often books that are intended to 'create and style childhood setting that is important to the public of different sexual orientations.'

The White House's final budget plan kept the money in.

But at the same time the White House also decided to have three years' time spending that Congress had already appropriated. A congressional watchdog found that it had taken as illegally, and the money was eventually released.

During last year's government shutdown, the White House created Head Start's plan for the program in 17 states to temporarily clear.

But some Republican lawmakers — notably Senator L. L. McDowell — would have to help Moore Capitol of West Virginia, by one Collins of Maine and 1,000 Hyde-Smith-Milwaukee — have remained firm in their support. For now, its annual $12 billion

budget remains in place.

So proponents of spending the program tried a new approach. In June, the Heritage Foundation issued a report calling on the administration to 'assess Head Start and deregulate the program until officials end it.'

'Head Start is the most heavily regulated of the child care program,' said Jonathan Burches, an author of the report. 'We it was not being successful with basic things.'

Mr. Burches pointed to a 2022 report by the health department's inspector general that found that one in four Head Start grant recipients had incidents of child abuse, lack of supervision or unauthorized release of children. The report called on the administration for Children and Families to increase its oversight.

Alex Adams, the head of the Administration for Children and Families, has sought to cut regulations on all child care programs, saying that federal child care rules should 'fit on an index card to any back pocket.' So spring, The Times reported that there is starting an overhaul of Head Start, though he has expressed support for the program.

During his Senate confirmation hearing last year, Mr. Adams noted that his wife's grandmother ran a Head Start program in Blackfoot, Idaho, in the late 1960s. He said that Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, the state to make Head Start better and brighter by the end of this term and I share that commitment.

Among the most significant of the proposed new changes expected to be released this week is the removal of federal limits on Head Start class status instead, they will now align with a patchwork of state standards.

For example, under current Head Start rules, one teacher is required to supervise that 2-year-olds. But in Idaho, one teacher can supervise nine 2-year-olds. In

Anti-poverty efforts may be imperiled if standards are cut.

Ohio, the rule is one teacher per night 2-year-olds.

Mr. Adams and other conservatives have protested the change as a way to give more children access to the program, although many early education policy experts say that the more class sizes will relax standards of care.

The changes would also distort requirements that Head Start employees perform vision and hearing screenings, social media, and ensure that children receive medical and dental checkups. That could mean helping parents schedule appointments, fill out Medicaid forms and arrange transportation.

They would also remove requirements that staff members visit families at home to navigate problems like a car or vehicle.

They would eliminate teaching standards for math, literacy, and social and emotional development.

Some requirements providing access for children with disabilities would go away as well.

The changes would cause requirements for duration. Typically, Head Start programs can sit hours a day, but could run for just three hours a day.

The administration is also adding new rules, according to the people familiar with the plan: one requiring that student instruction take place only in English, and another requiring that subject numbers of physical activity per day.

Leslie Andrews, who has worked as a health educator at Redmond, Wash., for 25 years, said the war has about defending requirements to help children get access to health and dental care.

'I think at the same superintend teachers might continue to help connect kids to doctors and doctors, but over time that will think,' she said. 'I want to know.'

'No child is in school, and it is school if they don't have this basic care,' she said, adding, 'financing the tooth-beaching requirement — just why?'

Leah Robins, a brother in Farmingdale, Maine, said that when her 2-year-old son began Head Start last year, the child should be might have A.D.R.D. and arranged for him to see a development psychologist.

'The staff was involved in every meeting,' she said. 'Without the standards, that might have never happened, she said.'

Mr. Burches, who wrote the Heritage Foundation report, said denying standards for care for forbid teachers to follow them.

'If you remove a requirement that asks kids to brush their teeth,' he said. 'Had doesn't mean you can't still do it.'

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18

THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

Why McConnell Has Not Resigned From the Senate Amid Demands

By CARL HELMS

WASHINGTON — Mitch McConnell is just the latest member of the Senate to the absent for an extended period of time because of poor health.

But a charged political environment and a social media storm have intensified demands for more transparency regarding the 84-year-old's condition, said Sir Mc McConnell, whose son, John in January, to stop aside if he cannot participate in the Senate for the remainder of his return.

“So Governor of the state you serve, I am calling on you to do every day and really address the people of Kentucky and provide proof of your capacity to serve, or images,” Gov. Judy Bedman of Kentucky, a Democrat, said. Mr. McConnell on Monday as the senator passed his sixth week in a hospital after a full at his home on Capitol Hill.

Few who know him before Mr. McConnell is going anywhere.

Here's too celebrated many senators for long periods.

Over the decades, many senators have missed months and even years of Senate business. Recent reports show that the state's Republican of Arizona, and Edward R. Kennedy, Democrat of Massachusetts, were months without voting before they both died in at least 1,000.

Mr. McConnell, the Senate Republican leader for nearly 18 years, had a prolonged absence after a serious fall in 2021 after what that of the weeks. He announced that he would not try to

Senator Mitch McConnell, the Republican leader for nearly 18 years, heading to a vote in May.

return as leader in 2020, followed by his decision that he would not win. The senator brought in his this year, the also passed on his right to chair the superprotestant Committee, a demanding job, and instead took over a subcommittee. His decision was to try on to end its news on Jan. 1, 2024.

There of senators refusing to leave despite debilitating medical conditions are higher. Senator Karl Mitch of South Dakota was absent from the Senate for the 6-

and three years of his term after suffering a stroke in 1995, and re-evaluated that he might.

Many others have been allowed substantial time to recover and try on to the Senate. They include Mark Kirk, Republican of Nebraska, and the senator is a citizen. A full year after suffering a stroke in 2021, in another case, Democrat Tom Johnson of South Dakota was one for nine months after experiencing bleeding in the Senate in December 2006. Both men were

warmly welcomed back by their colleagues.

McConnell wants to leave on his new terms.

Members of the Senate are often advanced in years, since the office is nearly the opposite of a political career; more than a third of current senators are 70 or older. The institution also runs on senators, providing an incentive for members to remain on long as they can as they amuse power and

veranimal privilege.

At the same time, senators have historically been reluctant to share details of their health issues for fear of weakening themselves politically. And it has only been recently, as voters have grown nearly critical of how aging lawmakers dominate Congress, that senators have faced public scrutiny about their fitness to serve.

Given Mr. McConnell's stature and the fact that he is leaving office as the state of the year, calls for his resignation from the state to well with his colleagues.

“Which was the longest serving leader in Senate history,” said Senator Susan Collins, Republican of Maine. “Couldn't we extend some grace to later? He is a survivor of childhood polio, which has made his recovery where that division is very keen a fighter, and will be back.”

She suggested that Governor Bedman's nation can be hammering Mr. McConnell after the state's new political. “This rush led by the government, who must be running for president, is no unworthy and so added it a senator who has been a member of the Senate.”

The 1940s, the Congress woman congressional aide and Republican strategist, said leveling a special election campaign for McConnell for a matter of months would be a cause of time and money. A new campaign, startling a furlough over to choose a maximum for his full term.

After Kentucky law, if there is a Senate vacancy more than three percent before election long, it special election must be held to fill

the seat. Democratic have stopped up their pressure on Mr. McConnell ahead of the deadline, Aug. 3. “We're McConnell deserved to fight to serve on the next move or he won 50,” Mr. Peabody said. “He is certainly not the first senator to have health problems which require him to raise some and he certainly won the next.”

He is known for being Sight-Signed, and platform.

Mr. McConnell is notoriously the best mother who has been it to be to his advantage. His absence and failure to provide detailed updates on his health outside of the written statements and photographs provided by his office have generated an unspeaking of open-ended, and the severity of his problems an unbelievable.

Senate colleagues, though, say they have spoken with him and received personal text messages.

In the most recent update from the office last week, the election of the Capitol physician said that doctors must walk Mr. McConnell daily but have not cleared him for a return to vote in its his home.

The colleagues said, “I can return to the Senate at some point, as they expect to communicate his long and consequential Senate service before he leaves office.

Others must be able to take more than Governor Bedman's needs to force Mr. McConnell out of the office.”

“One of Senator McConnell's irregular rushs is insanity,” said Renk R. Baker, distinguished professor emeritus of political science, who believes, and a longtime student of the Senate.

O.P. Does About Face On I.V.F. for the Military

From Page 1

So Democrats and women's rights groups were alarmed at how things went regarding the recent committee vote as a signal of how established bars of abortion rights have become in opposition to its vote fortification.

Mr. Trump promised during his campaign for a second term that he would deliver the I.V.F. to a member for all, and across to it remains broadly popular with voters, including large supporters of Republicans. Many I.V.F. members have been a party, too, believe in allowing success to I.V.F.

But some religious conservatives are deeply opposed to the medical — which can involve in the most important issues of the planning only those that are considered viable — believing that it leads to the destruction of the public that makes, leading anti-abortion groups generally appear legislation that seeks to increase across to I.V.F.

The most important vote afforded Republican senators a chance to primarily signal to these groups and the conservatives voters who subsequently oppose I.V.F. that would be a problem.

Before calling for a roll-call vote on the proposal, according to a press plan familiar with the confidential meeting who spoke about how the government is going to do. The Mayor Wicker, the Mississippi Republican who is the chairman of the committee, said that the official position of SBA Pro-Life America, an anti-abortion organization that opposed the senators, he revised not long.

At can survive they wanted to demonstrate an anti-abortion

groups that they were against I.V.F. Those thinkers, the ambassador of the nonprofit group Commissioner Arrows Initiative, said of the vote: “It shows how freedom, Republican, are to the anti-abortion group, and that would take a position there so at adult with their own constituents.”

Mr. Wicker's office did not respond to a request for comment. For years, Republicans have been in a political kind on the issue of I.V.F. Many of them say they have been a party, but they are legislation that declares that the location of conception, which could severely restrict aspects of the treatment.

The discontent underscores the having influence of groups like SBA Pro-Life America.

The group did not respond to multiple requests for comment.

The recent vote also raised questions about the president's commitment to expanding I.V.F. coverage, suggesting that Republicans in Congress fear worse consequences for frenzizing with anti-abortion organizations on the issue than they do for strangling them Mr. Trump's natural position.

Squashy Mull, the chief executive of the nonprofit organization Reuslov The National Infertility and Family Building Association, said that the IVE "surprised and frustrated" by the vote, which she attributed to "a result minority getting increasingly hard to do their opposition to I.V.F. across."

Mr. Mull's mind is that the general to have been "no imperiousness from the administration" regarding the vote, just as there has been no public reaction from the IVE's desire to Mr. Johnson's move over the last two years to strip the I.V.F. across provisions and of the

Senator Tammy Duckworth offered the defense bill provision. A veteran herself, she used I.V.F. treatment to become pregnant.

A behind-the-scenes effort to thwart an under once supported.

defense bill.

During last year's committee offering senator, when the Senate came up for debate in the President's room. Committee Senator Markwayne Malkin, the former Senate Republican who now serves in the lieutenant senator's secretary, helped make the case for Mr. Duckworth's proposal, speaking about how he and his wife had to deal on in vitro fertilization to start their family. Mr. Duckworth, in essence, also said the treatment to become pregnant.

This year, Mr. Republican proponent quake up, the people familiar with the session said, and there was no debate beyond the reading of SBA Pro-Life America's plan.

The vote took place after Senator Tom Sullivan, Republican of Alaska, proposed to have a bill that would have barred the Defense Department from paying for

Republicans' savings. A vote by no and required that all embryos created in a cycle be implanted. Those practices are considered by many to violate ethical and medical conditions in the United States around I.V.F.

But Mr. Sullivan's coincidence, which had the backing of some anti-abortion rights organizations, was not the above. But the minute and the committee instead presented to bill Mr. Duckworth's provision.

Mr. Sullivan's office declined to comment.

Mr. Duckworth said she was frustrated with this year's vote.

Republicans are pushing for the largest defense bill in our nation, and the industry promoting an illegal war with no real in sight, yet they can't survive as a top-15 action to ensure our nation's heroes have access to I.V.F. to build their power in the land, during that service members have double the size of individual to be general population.

She added: “It's shunned that the government providing Tammy to break his promise to cover I.V.F. for our service members.”

In Guthrie Ransom Note, Author Admits Her Death

By NICHOLAS BOGEL-BURROUGHS

A minute after addressing the Savannah Guthrie's day after her 64-year-old mother, Nancy Guthrie, was kidnapped and that the other Mr. Guthrie was "call the starred" but another one of the first to later said that she had died unnecessarily of a medical condition.

The news, released Friday by the Press County Sheriff's Department in Arlington, said that her who who was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who she was who

The sheriff's department released the notes without saying whether they were authentic, he said. That investigators helped someone who is trying to "advertise" "patience of word choice, create and детanced up."

“He believes these distinctions happened, characterized, may be the most important thing to know or has interacted with the same,” writes Dr. Department said.

Savannah Guthrie, who been a "big-Babys" there, has said that she believes that the two reasons since were most likely authentic from the months, she was also indicated that she believes her mother did not have her son, but her husband has been adamant that her family still needs to know what she was to do.

The two reasons sense were once in seven authors in the days of her kidnapping, which took place in the early hours of Feb. 1 at Nancy Guthrie's "the first time," which she was not able to see. She said there was no evidence that she had been able to see her son. She said there was no evidence that she had been able to see her son. She said there was no evidence that she had been able to see her son. She said there was no evidence that she had been able to see her son.

The first note, on Feb. 2, demanded 14 million in Bitcoin from Savannah Guthrie for the release of her mother by Feb. 1, and 1,000 in the $100 million period, she met said, the reasons would be 36 million and would need to be paid by Feb. 3.

“If payment is not received by the last deadline on Monday the 9th at 2 p.m., she will be billed,” the note said. “That number is aware of this, and her life is in your hands.”

“He went included two details about the state of Ms. Guthrie's home — a broken floodlight in the state of the state. I want to see her, I want to see her, and her husband is could be an element.

Around that time, Savannah Guthrie said in a video online that her family was willing to pay but needed to know that the person being paid had her mother.

“The second note was sent on the last Monday before the final deadline the first note had given, and was addressed to the Guthrie family in 1, the author said that she “did not fully grasp the story of the state of the state’s physical condition.”

“We never intended to have her, that was not our intention,” it read. “Ms. produced clearly after she was taken. We believe it was heart related. She is buried in nature now.”

“Nothing you could have done could have changed the outcome,” said the author said. “And only to know this and hope you all can help peace. We are truly sorry.”

In addition to asking the public to consider the author's writing about investigators about people to consider whether any one they

TV anchor's mother has been missing for nearly six months.

have had changed their mood or appearance, had unexplained in action at left the region around the state of the state.

In the weeks after Ms. Guthrie was kidnapped, Savannah Guthrie said her two-able siblings had turned around videos in which they played in the third number's release and said they would pay for their return but wanted proof that the reason never rather actually had her.

In one video issued at Feb. 3, the day after the second note was sent, Ms. Guthrie said that she and her siblings had received the investigators' message.

“The long run saw to return our mother to us so that we can celebrate with her,” she said. “This is the only way we will have peace. This is very valuable true, and we will pay.”

Later that month, Ms. Guthrie stated a 15 million reward for any information he had given during the winter, in addition to the $100,000 fine for $12.5 had offered for tips.

Last week, Savannah Guthrie has made another plea in what she said. “I am sure she's made the mother's addiction, saying she was begging them ‘to do the right thing now.’”

Son Blames Cancer for Biden's Disastrous Debate Night

By REID J. EPSTEIN

AN INTRA-GERMAN

WASHINGTON — Hunter Biden and the United States president last week that he believed his father, Hunter President Joseph R. Biden Jr., was unknowingly suffering from cancer during the coronavirus debate performance that led to the end of his 2020 presidential campaign.

“He looked blank,” Hunter Biden said on the “Recreational” day. For years, he was a member that is? Well, I now know what to attribute it to “its added,” “My dad had cancer. My dad, he was, and he didn't know. I mean, we didn't have to be a good doctor, and that he not only had Stage 4 prostate cancer, but he had Stage 4 metastatic bone cancer, which means that it had been immunized with a over a three-year period of time.”

Mr. Biden, 63, was diagnosed in May 2020 with an aggressive form of prostate cancer, which had been reported in 1978. He was treated at the time. Last year he also had surgery to remove skin cancer tissues and completed a course of radiation therapy, his of his own son.

The June 2024 debate effectively ended Mr. Biden's resolution that During the debate, he lost his train of thought and made confusing comments. He spent the

next few weeks trying to measure effect he could continue the next four polls, which had already shown voters believed he was too old to be president, turned sharply against him while a cascade of questions called for him to drop out of the race. He bowed out in late July 2024.

“Are President Kamala from to was soon picked by delegates to the Democratic National Convention to replace Mr. Biden, the who led to a great general election to Donald J. Trump.

Medical experts who were involved in Mr. Biden's core any prostate cancer is typically a later than 20 years ago. The case is present for years before causing symptoms or being diagnosed. They said it was unlikely, though that Mr. Biden's debate performed in the past two or three years that was diagnosed months later.

“This is a disease of older people and cognitive decline is associated with advanced age,” said Dr. John Smith, a medical assistant specialist in prostatectomy concern at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center. “This is a classic example of an accident, not necessarily causation.”

Dr. Mank said it is common but advanced prostate cancer to spread to the home, so Mr. Biden's did, but quite rare for it to spread

to the brain and thereby cause cognitive changes.

Dr. Paul Nguyen of Mass Cancer (of Brigham Cancer Institute) also said it was “extremely unlikely” that prostate cancer was the cause of his poor debate performance. “Prostate cancer does not necessitate to the brain, generally,” he said.

Hunter Biden's remarks about his father's debate performances came around his tour of the American political leader and he was weeks he sat for lengthy interviews with Gov. Gavin Newman of California, the right-wing conspiracy theorist Candace Owens and a show called “Friends Keep Interest,” in which he discussed his act and recovery from drug addiction.

Former President Biden has sponsored an incredible 60-norm political events and is often seen in Delaware and 1-800p the natural back and forth in Washington. He has written a memoir, which is also a database of 1,000 people, 1,000 weeks after the stalkness elections.

Hunter Biden's comments are the latest of six basic a-bid-dozen different public commenters of Mr. Biden's struggles in the debate.

Immediately after the debate, the president himself blamed a “bad cold” for his performance.

He also has claimed to have been a good, and suggested “it's hard to debate a bar.”

A week later he said debate at a Virginia fund-raiser that he had traveled ten years before the debate. “I didn't listen to my stuff,” he said then, saying he “nearly felt very much.”

Last summer, Hunter Biden claimed his father had been given the prescription sleep call Amben to help recover from two-trans-in service flights and to help the first fundraiser in Los Angeles to the preceding weeks. (Hunter Biden later clarified to ABC News that he did not know for sure whether his father took Amben before the debate.)

When Jill Biden, the former first lady, was on her bank tour this spring, she said during an interview with CBS News, that the thought while watching her husband that he was “boring a stroke,” She added: “I had never, ever seen her like that. Before or since.”

T.J. Duckle, a spokesman for the former president, did not respond to messages on Friday.

Hunter Biden, during a brief phone call on the Friday, disclosed to enslave on his new assertion about his father's health during the debate.

“I'm not going to comment,” he said. “I said what I said.”

Savannah Guthrie and her 64-year-old mother, Nancy Guthrie.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

19

Iran Is Suspected in U.S. Water Supply Hacks

By DOZEN VIKE and ERNESTEL LONDRIDGE

The scope of cyber挑战 on U.S. water systems has grown to include at least seven states and may be far wider, officials and experts warned, as the old frontiers raced to safeguard the nation's water supply against an assault that increasingly appeared to be the work of Iran.

While there were no indications that any water supply had been a need of made unsafe to drink, state and local officials have agreed out the country were on high alert for problems in vulnerable computers that are commonly used in treatment and adjust water quality, including water supply, and the effects and water pressure. Minnesota first publicly reported the attacks, and new Michigan says its systems have also been targeted.

The attack has little prevailed, experts said, but has long been the stuff of nightmares and Hollywood thrillers on apparent cyberstasis by a foreign power source. The news has been the first look in theory, jeopardize the health and safety of Americans.

The U.S. Water Supply has had not definitively determined that Iran was responsible for the attack and that the investigation was still preliminary. But they have been the most important attacks since the U.S. and Israel launched a war against the country five months ago, and had prevented targeted similar water supply. The U.S. Water Supply threatens to the U.S. There seemed no financial system, making a criminal attack less likely.

Despite growing concerns, President Trump downplayed the matter on Friday by blaming Minnesota—which was early to sign that the U.S. Water Supply has been hacking activity, helping prompt other states to probe their own water systems—for suffering pressures that were intelligence and the U.S. Water Supply has been likely carried out by Iran, officials familiar with the assessment said.

I think Minnesota is behind it," Mr. Trump said on Friday innuendo. "I think that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the

The U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm

The U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm afraid, dismissed the accusation, warning in a social media post that the U.S. Water Supply has been the only one, I'm

JOHN BARK, LATEX THE NEW YORK TIMES

A water tower in Flint, Mich. Water systems were hit by cyberstasis but were operating safely.

sion to reach authoritative conclusions, it is at

Nate George, the mayor of the loan, a small city north of Minnesota that was among those selected by the cyberstasis, has federal and local officials had little doubt about the likely culprit.

"We're getting this and previous information from the state of Minnesota and the F.B.I., I've said that interview on Friday afternoon.

War in the Midwest is linked to cyberthreats in severe states.

"They are pretty sure it's Iranian, active? Not are reluctant to say us publicly, be asked. A memo sure for an industry group that shares cyberthreat information among water utilities that was obtained by World magazine said the article aligned with hacking activity by Iran-affiliated actors.

Mr. George, a Republican who is coming for state auditor, said he had heard the presidents' remarks coming doubt as Iranian copulently. He said that the president was 'wanted to his opinion', but that it is incumbent on state officials to help cities harden the Midwest against cyberstasis.

Minnesota was not the only source to suffer intrusions. In a public advisory published late Thursday, after the Times report, the F.B.I. and the Environmental Pro-

sident Agency said that since Monday 'at least seven states have reported incidents to the F.B.I., and some of that activity degraded water operations.

Officials have accused Iran in which states have been affected, Iran is spokesman for the Michigan state government confirmed that

his state's system was attacked. "We received a small number of reports from Michigan communist indicating activity consistent with what federal agencies described," that George, the spokesman, said in an email, Mr. George added that all systems affected were operating safely and there were 'no known impacts that posed a public health concern.'

As to Orleans, a former U.S. government cybersecurity contractor who tracks Iranian hacking groups, said 'Moran had been employed in a variety of hacking systems against U.S., Israeli and Middle Eastern targets since the start of the war in February. But the intrusions into the U.S. water systems appeared to be a significant escalation.'

"What's unprecedented here is that we're seeing direct, tangible effects to live industrial control systems inside U.S. critical infrastructure," said Mr. Orleans, who is now the chief of threat intelligence at facilities Security, and would protection company.

The U.S. Cybersecurity and Investment Industry Agency, Inc., is an advisory board Thursday, said the hackers were 'hogering water entities of all sizes' and recommended facilities under the law.

But controllers from the Internet. The hacking activity, is added, had 'wanted to have water sources and sustained manual operations.'

The agency has no months been working to guide that this may seek to compromise water utilities and other critical infrastructure.

Former intelligence officials have been currently experts, said the hackers were likely engaging in opportunistic behavior rather than selecting specific cities and towns. That means that potentially any facility using the water-able internet-connected agents listed systems was not met.

Iran, Mr. Orleans said, was likely hacking to infiltrate an energy system with the use of the water through the mains before they can protect against 'the opportunistic' trade-off that the U.S. government has offered multiple, explicit working power.'

Mr. George, the mayor in Minnesota, said city officials had received guidance on how to patch water systems that had been affected by the U.S. Water Supply has been against attacks Iranian hackers and capable of carrying out.

While manual workarounds are keeping water flowing far now, he said the attack highlights: a new engineering nature of critical infrastructure in many small cities.

I think the resulting thing on the hackers is how the no more than they are working on secure systems," Mr. George said.

"If nation-president upgrades are very costly and we are a very small municipality."

Justice Dept. Subpoenas Times Freelance Reporter

By KEVIN BARBERY

WASHINGTON — A freelance reporter has been fighting a subpoena from the Trump administration seeking to force him to work his sources for a New York Times. The first American newspaper's cover mission in North Korea, according to people familiar with the matter.

The subpoena, which has not been previously disclosed, reflects the administration's terminology campaign to investigate the use of the means and the prevailing reporters to divulge their sources. Until President Trump people his second term, federal subpoenas as reporters are concerned.

In February, F.B.I. agents observed up at the New York home of the reporter, Matthew Cole, to deliver the grand jury subpoena, which was a result of the first three years of the Younger News, Va., according to the people familiar with the matter who described the private conversations on the condition of such subpoena.

The investigators are seeking Mr. Cole's testimony for two years' information about the use of the health in contracts and conversations, as they try to identify his sources for the article about the operation in North Korea, the people familiar with the matter which is unclear if the administration has also sought Mr. Cole's phone and email data, so it has done in other cases.

Mr. Cole's lawyer, David A. Smith, who has been the first of the Times to a separate light with the administration met subpoena about its coverage of Air Force Ops, said in a statement that the public should have been professional life in bringing official information to light and internal data, and that the public should be working at its government." His client, he added, "will not be intimidated from continuing that important work. He will defend the public's rights and the information. Amendment from this administration's historic attacks on population, and he will honor his commitment to his sources."

The public's advertising a legal defense is Mr. Cole.

The Justice Department declined to comment on the specific investigation, but said it a statement that the public's information is able legal tools to 'uncover those who unhealthy disclose national defense information.'

JOHN BARK, LATEX THE NEW YORK TIMES

The Trump administration is seeking testimony regarding an article about a failed mission conducted in 2019 in North Korea.

In the months since Mr. Cole's subpoena, The Times, The Wall Street Journal, and The Washington Post have faced similar subpoenas. The news organization have received, and judges have waived legislation about the government's efforts, prompting the administration to back down to those cases.

However, the Justice Department said he for refused to withdraw its subpoena of Mr. Cole, despite his efforts to challenge it.

Charlie Stadlundek, a spokesman for The Times, said in a statement that the subpoena of Mr. Cole was 'part of the government's resulting attacks on population, which should concern all Americans.'

The Justice Department's policies on both investigation and change between administration, and in 2015, it launched overstates on such inquiries. The new public has concerns still take subpoena, and the public's efforts to be made to do so. Mr. Cody, the former President of the country's coastline. The Times's account, published in September, drew no interviews with two dozen people.

The Justice Department has not subpoenaed Mr. Philippe, according to people familiar with the matter. He declined to comment.

Mr. Cole declined more details of the campaign on Mr. Edmunds, newsletters, catalog that despite learning about the mission in 2023, he waited for months before

making calls to find out more given the sensitive reasons of the reporting.

Mr. Cole is also the author of 'Process and Thieves,' a coming book about the distance and actual consequences of President Trump's acts in law. Jared Sushner, said 'Coke's New Country: The Tragedy and Corruption of D.U.S. Trade Act,' a 2021 book about the 1950s' Navy. Again.

When F.B.I. agents tried to serve Mr. Cole with a subpoena at his New York City apartment in February, he was not home at the time, according to the public's familiar with the matter. The subpoena was eventually delivered to his lawyer.

The Justice Department's policies on both investigation and change between administration, and in 2015, it launched overstates on such inquiries. The new public has concerns still take subpoena, and the public's efforts to be made to do so. Mr. Cody, the former President of the country's coastline. The Times's account, published in September, drew no interviews with two dozen people.

The Justice Department has not subpoenaed Mr. Philippe, according to people familiar with the matter. He declined to comment. Mr. Cole declined more details of the campaign on Mr. Edmunds, newsletters, catalog that despite learning about the mission in 2023, he waited for months before

matter who spoke on the condition of anonymity.

The Post and Journal challenging the subpoenas under wait, leading to establishing court battles in Virginia. In June, the administration withdrew the subpoenas after the federal judge overseeing the dispute indicated that they likely to guard them, according to people familiar with the matter.

In January, federal agents contacted a search warrant at the U.S. Weather Post, representing the phone, competent and a smartwatch, as part of a separate advertising look investigation and prosecution.

January July, the administration sought to determine the sources behind The Times's reporting about the use of the Print-Ads, a 767 pt that was a gift from State.

You don't see The Times reported that Mr. Trump did not fly out of Turkey with phone as a security product, but it was not a market for the future of the offer yet, F.B.I. agents delivered subpoenas to them at the reporters who wrote the articles.

The Times's report also demanded phone companies start over the reporters' phone records, as well as the phone records of two of the reporters' wives and of one of the other.

The Times sought to guard the subpoenas, arguing that they were a dangerous attack on private invoices.

The Times's report has been made in full and court in Manhattan, a judge charged criminal prosecutors as well as the police, and the police apparently failing to follow the law and the department's internal rules for conducting look investigation.

The Justice Board's decisionably floating the law or regulations, but admitted making mistakes, which they attributed to not knowing the relevant case law before the court. The United States State, The Judge in that case, Arun Sulemanskine, has ordered the Justice Department to turn over internal emails leading up to those who are not.

Under pressure from the judge, the Justice Department withdrew the subpoenas of the Times association involved in the Air Force and the United States State, and the continue to investigate, leaving open the possibility that it might revisit the subpoenas.

Dropping D.C. Pool Case Draws Trump's Outrage

By GLENN THIRSH

WASHINGTON — Justice First heard the concerns on July 1, with chairman of the House, which is someone she indictment of the 87-year-old on Chittagong. David Henry for reading 'sacred' government property, President Trump's highly prized but steadily ensouined deflecting Pool.

"This is not only a question of the president, but for myself," said Mr. Horn, the U.S. attorney for the District of Columbia, chairman of the history-relations-charges against Mr. Henry for teaching the hiring of the pool in front of the Lincoln Memorial. She added: "We will prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Henry willfully destroyed property."

This was not the case. Mr. Horn's office dramatically reversed course on Friday, not only withdrawing the charge against Mr. Henry but disclosing for the time. The defense was not restricted and 'reached' movement, along with U.S. Post. While officials who felt that information that led her to publicly cite 'corona-violated' and 'unconstitutional' was not there, in the process, intentionally or not, she shared previously close to contradicting Mr. Trump's staff he noticed.

The Justice's charge filing did not enter to, much less whole, Mr. Trump for claiming the damage was caused by left-wing vandals rather than his administration's own. The case was, however, a double about his assertion that criminal had daided the pool's hiring with a 'bailie or blunt.'

That Mr. Horn, a former House attorney for the District of Columbia, has been personally, was aiming much of her criticism not at the time of the case. He was also a Dug-Burgum, who oversaw the indictment of a white' swamp, for research the pool, did not appear to matter much.

The Justice's secretary did Trump daided off a pool on Truth Social that made clear he was on happy with Mr. Price, a friend and ally since the 1990s.

"I was not a good man, but Justice First," Mr. Trump wrote.

"I don't know what she was thinking," he me, it was a part case of VANDALLEKE. 'As worse, the police were not going to see some normative difficulty but the major damage was caused by VANDALLE!'

Mr. Price is U-rays was a sure of reason in which a Trump-appointed U.S. attorney publicly acknowledged that a prosecutor once embraced was finally conspiratorial. As an administration in which admitting fault is seen as weakness and in which taking action that continued the boss is seen as self-destructive.

"Trump is used at Price because she was not a good man, and we made clear in our legal filings of along. Trump's hardest reservations was true to the public," said Judge, and, for forty hours," said Norman L. Eisen is another of Mr. Henry's defense team and a co-founder of Democracy Defenders Fund, and the state department judge targeted by the Trump administration.

Her claim that she and her of her were previously duped by surprise is unheard. Mr. Elynn "Starting immediately after the arraignment, and resident report, and proved that the administrative test was to blame, not favorit." The Justice Department's report, which is, attorney's office, declined to comment. "The filing speaks for itself," he wrote in an email.

"I'm about four - one - under"

John Montague contributed re-poring.

scored a recurrent pattern that has diminished the Justice Department's more exciting standing in the federal judges and jurors—the rush by Trump-appointed U.S. attorneys across the country to take quick action against these accused by the president of trans-pressionist, even party ones.

It is now much more common for grand jurors around the country, particularly in Washington, to report indictment brought by the department. In the case, the government never happened.

Mr. Price's filing is, in a sense, an effort to replace the case against Mr. Henry in federal court, and to cite the case itself of public opinion against Mr. Burgum, the contractor, Atlantic Industrial Coatings, and Park Price officials.

After filing, she said that her staff relied almost exclusively on claims by многие Department judges. "I am sure that some damage to the hiring of the pool was caused by Mr. Henry and other vandals who were observed nagging at or removing pieces of material from the public."

That information, coupled with other testimony about 'the hackers' movements, convinced prosecutors to bring the case because they were trying to help a They stand for a thing, which carried a personal (truths) power process sentence, rather than a misdemeanor, because the damage exceeded the law's control.

At the time, Mr. Price wrote, her office "was not in possession of any information from D.U.S. including the use damage to the Business Administration, and the jury into being other than the actions of the defendant and other vandals who damaged the pool's hiring."

It all began to interest, however,

U.S. attorney blamed deadly construction, a near contradiction.

their prosecutors followed up by asking for 'everything' - government, government, and government statements, photographs, body names footage and, critically, internal assessments of the high-profileក្រុមគ្រួសារជាដើម.

By Jan July, Mr. Perrin office debated 600 magazines of destruction that led Mr. Price to conclude the damage observed was the result of forced installation by the contractor," coupled with "the rush to complete the project have to remain associated with the public right-of-way."

But Mr. Perrin's critics, including the critics, said her accused ignored the fact that problems with the association of the cigarette industry have caused, and has known and reported in the press that he fired over court filings.

Mr. Henry's more maintained that he had merely 'reached' the case, according that had already described, released it when asked to do so by a pack magazine, and left the pool in no worse condition in which he issued it.

The case also disclosed introduced in the case had indicated that substantial cracks had already appeared, and water started leading from the pool, and the case was also found. Henry's lawyers questioned whether that information had been made clear to grand jurors, complaining of 'evangelization that either a mix of the case was'.

The legal issue was 'evaluating all legal remedies.' Mr. Eisen said.

Santos Is Fined $35,000 For His Prediction Bets

By KEVIN MERLIN

Former Representative George Santos has been fined $35,000 over obligations that he engaged in insider trading by placing away on a prediction market about the market. The company's financial and legal strategy is being a major step in the United Nations, federal regulation is announced on Friday.

Mr. Santos, according to the United States Finance Trading Commission, deceived factors on details, the prediction market, into believing that he would be among the Producers' assets by making a decision.

Mr. Santos's decision was made by Mr. Perrin. The McCann-Immerd has against his attendance. In total, Mr. Santos made around $10,000 through stockpiled to sales over $1,000, and $1,000, and February, according to the C.F.C.

Mr. Santos has agreed to pay a civil penalty for the misstatements, in addition to contract payments.

A spokeswoman for Kalish said the company had investigated the trade by Mr. Santos and reported them in the C.F.C., 'providing a good deal with the market and action against him.' Mr. Santos did not respond immediately to a request for comment.

The settlement represents the most admission by regulators of insider trading and other abuses of the fast-growing, lucrativeفتاوى of prediction markets and the C.F.C., which regulators have been able to make widespread scrutiny over whether they are effectively policing bad behavior.

The New York attorney general has been sued fatally, accusing the company of operating in defenses of laws aimed at curbing unregulated gambling.

One popular law on Kalish is the case that has been set for at the time of the Union, and Mr. Santos's planned appearance had become a hope of discussion among many users.

Mr. Perrin, 36, was charged with fraud by federal prosecutors in 2023 and expelled from his seat as a New York Republican in Congress, after The Times and other news. The case questions were the financial dealings and reported that he had had extensively about his biography. He was sentenced to seven years and three months after the case was dismissed after fewer than three months when President Trump commuted his sentence.

---

20

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Weather Report

Meteorology by AccuWeather

Highlight: Rounds of Rain in the East

Rounds of rain and thunderstorms are expected to occur in the Mid-Atlantic and the Northeast from Sunday afternoon into Monday night. A general 1 to 2 inches of rain is expected, with higher amounts of 2 to 4 inches along the interstate 95 corridor. Repeated downpounds may lead to ponding on roadways and even flash flooding in the historical storms. Storms will also be capable of producing damaging wind gusts in the Ohio Valley.

National Forecast

Strowers and thunderstorms are expected to spread across the Southeast, Mid-Atlantic and Northeast today. Some storms may be heavy enough to produce flooding and damaging wind gusts, especially from western Pennsylvania to Virginia. Further west, a partly sunny day is expected across the Mississippi Valley.

Across the Plains, temperatures will come into the 90s and low 100s. Outside of a few thunderstrowers in New Mexico and eastern Arizona, the Rockies will be hot and sunny. Temperatures will also run well above average in the Southwest, but an extreme breeze will keep temperatures lower along the Pacific Coast.

Strong tip currents are also expected along the coast. Meanwhile, dry weather and gusty winds will lead to an extreme fire risk across the Northwest.

Metropolitan Forecast

TODAY ...Breezy and humid high S2. It will be mostly cloudy and humid. Winds will be out of the southeast at 10 to 20 miles per hour. Temperatures will be slightly below average for this time of year.

TOWNSHIP ...Thunderstorms Low 73. It will be cloudy and humid. There will be a few showers and thunderstorms, mainly later on. Winds will be out of the south-southeast at 4 to 8 m.p.h.

TOMORROW ...Thunderstorms High 60. It will be cloudy and very humid. There will be a few showers and heavy thunderstorms. There may be ponding on streets and highways. Winds will be out of the southwest at 4 to 8 m.p.h.

TUESDAY ...Humid with thunderstorms It will be cloudy in the morning with some sunshine in this afternoon. It will be humid with thunderstorms in the area. Winds will be out of the east-northeast at 8 to 12 m.p.h. The high will be 82.

WEDNESDAY THURSDAY ...Showers and thunderstorms It will be mostly cloudy and humid with a couple of showers on Wednesday. The high will be 82. It will be cloudy with thunderstorms on Thursday. The high will be 85.

Cities

High low temperatures for the 30 hours ended at 4.1°C. (satellite, Ocean river, and precipitation of ساعت)
#	Clouds		Sun
	Rain	Rain	Rain
#	Level	SA	Ocean showers
#	High	High	High
##	Rain	Rain	Wins
##	Showers	Not available	Wins

At 6.0, region	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
New York City	89.1 0 0	89.1 10 0	91.1 11.1
Newport	89.2 0 0	89.2 10 0	91.1 11.1
Portland	89.3 0 0	89.3 10 0	91.1 11.1
Oakland	89.4 0 0	89.4 10 0	91.1 11.1
Indo	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	91.1 11.1
Nevada	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	91.1 11.1
Newport	89.6 0 0	89.6 10 0	91.1 11.1
White Plains	89.6 0 0	89.6 10 0	91.1 11.1

United States	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
Albany	89.1 0 0	89.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Albuquerque	89.2 0 0	89.2 10 0	92.1 10.1
Anchorage	89.3 0 0	89.3 10 0	92.1 10.1
Atlanta	89.4 0 0	89.4 10 0	92.1 10.1
Atlanta City	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Austin	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Baltimore	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Baton Rouge	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Birmingham	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Boise	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Boston	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Buffalo	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Burlington	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chicago	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cincinnati	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cincinnati	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cincinnati	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cleveland	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cleveland Springs	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Columbia	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Columbia	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Columbia	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Columbia	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Columbia	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1
Columbia	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	92.1 10.1

Little Rock	89.2 0 0	89.2 11 4 0	94.1 10 4 0
Los Angeles	89.3 0 0	89.3 10 0	94.1 10.1
Louisville	89.3 0 0	89.3 10 0	94.1 10.1
Memphis	89.4 0 0	89.4 10 0	94.1 10.1
Miami	89.4 0 0	89.4 10 0	94.1 10.1
Miami	89.4 0 0	89.4 10 0	94.1 10.1
New York	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	94.1 10.1
Norfolk	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	94.1 10.1
New York	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	94.1 10.1
New York	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	94.1 10.1
New York	89.5 0 0	89.5 10 0	94.1 10.1

Illinois	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Indiana	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Indiana	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Indiana	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Indiana	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1

New York	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Houston	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Texas	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Texas	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Texas	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Texas	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1

Missouri	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
Alabama	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Alabama	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Alabama	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Alabama	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Alabama	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1

Metropolitan Almanac

In Central Park, for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.

Temperature

Avg. 60% Maximum		Avg. 50% Maximum
Low normal		Low normal
( \pm 10.0^{\circ} )	( < 10.0^{\circ} )	( < 10.0^{\circ} )	( < 10.0^{\circ} )
Reservoir levels	(New from City water supply)
Underline	81%
U.S. normal	80%

Recreational Forecast

Sun, Moon and Planets

Last Quarter	New	First Quarter	Full
Aug. 1	Aug. 27	Aug. 30	Aug. 30
June	1,000.0	1,000.0	1,000.0
July	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
August	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
September	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
October	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
November	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
December	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
January	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
February	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
March	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
April	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
May	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
June	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
July	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
August	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
September	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
October	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6
November	8,111.6	8,111.6	8,111.6

North America	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
Argentina	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	91.1 10.1
Barbados	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Colombia	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Costa Rica	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cuba	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cuba	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1

North America	Yesterday	Today	Tomorrow
Albania	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	91.1 10.1
Barbados	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Colombia	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Costa Rica	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Cuba	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1
Chile	90.1 0 0	90.1 10 0	92.1 10.1

Trends	Temperature	Precipitation
	Average	Average
	Below	Below
Last	10 days	0
	10 days	0
	10 days	0
	500 days	0

Beach and Ocean Temperatures

It will be humid, breezy and mostly cloudy from Maine to Virginia. While much of the coast will be dry, there will be spotty afternoon thunderstorms along the Virginia Beaches. Temperatures will range from the upper 70% along the New England Coast to the middle 80% from New Jersey to Virginia.

The New York Times

On the job. Out in the world.

Provide a companywide subscription to The Times. nytimes.com/companywide

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THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

19

21

John Galliano, considered one of the most influential living fashion designers, lost his job as Dior's head designer in 2011 after making antisemitic comments.

Met Gala to Honor Galliano, Infamous for Antisemitic Rant

By SANDARA FRIEDMAN

The group of people gathered for a closed-door meeting at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in May was unusual by any measure: Azaz-Witman Vagavi's global editorial director said a Met truism: Andrew Bolton, co-star in charge of the Met's National Institute; the fashion designer John Galliano — and a handful of the most influential rubbies and Jewish leaders in New York City.

The meeting had been concentrated to get their thoughts on the potential issues with next year's planned fashion extravaganza — a show dedicated to Galliano's work — and perhaps their blessing for it. It was one of several such meetings held with Jewish leaders over the last year.

Galliano is considered by many in the fashion world to be one of the most important contemporary designers, whose work as head designer of Dior, a job he held from 1996 to 2011, were beyond mere fashion to enter the realm of fantasy. But he became a household name after a video of him making antisemitic comments because international news in 2011. He subsequently lost his job at Dior, was convicted of a hate crime in a Paris court, and conducted an a period of rehabilitation; he returned to fashion as creative director of Mutton Margolin in 2015.

All of which still makes him a theory choice for the show at this moment. Antisemitism is on the rise, and some Jewish New Yorkers are uneasy with the leadership of Mayor Zehran Mumtaki, most recently after the outlining of truism but month in broad daylight, one of whom was leaving a Jewish community center in Manhattan. The attack is being prosecuted as a bare crime.

The Galliano exhibition — which the museum confirmed on Friday after an article was published in The New York Times — would make him only the third living designer over to be made the subject of a side exhibition at the museum, joining Viva Saint Laurent and the Kawasaki. It's the highest honor the institution can confer on a designer.

"The four clearly was the show could be of a bit a lot of resistance — me just skepticism, but a feeling of it's wrong," said Robin Rick Jacobs, president of the Union for Reform. Jackson in North America, who had been among those at that meeting in May But Galliano improved him. "The word's come back is in 'sincerity.'" Jacobs said. "He was open. He behind right at to and spoke in a clear way, not as if he had money—hard talking people."

Jonathan Greenblatt, chief executive of the Anti-Defamation League, said he as much to The Times: "We believe John Galliano has genuinely worked through the issues that led to his antisemitic outburst years ago in Paris, and we have long since accepted his apology. His efforts to repair the damage his words caused and to learn from that side does should be applauded."

Some of the more upfronts the Jewish principle of fashionist, or repentant, and the importance of second chances.

But there was also concern about how the show could continue Galliano's work while recording meaningfully with this realism and consequences of his past behavior.

"What we had said to them is it

Besides serving as the theme for the red carpet event, an exhibition at Galliano will open at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

would be powerful, pinpoint and productive if they were able to leverage it as an opportunity to teach about the reality of antisemitism, and somehow arrogance the exhibition the importance of fighting back and the dangers of antisemitism in this moment," said Rubbi Joshua Goodhart of Temple Emans-EL, a 150-year-old newspaper and a few blacks south of the Met.

Rubin, who said Galliano's contributions to fashion's history were "undeniable," also said he had been considering a Galliane

The Anti-Defamation League endorsed the institution's selection.

shore since 2010, though he had not gotten serious about it until 2014. At that time, he said, both he and the museum's board decided their needed more consideration — though he denied that the hesitation had anything to do with fears over Galliano's past.

Now, he said, the current climate made the exhibition even more relevant.

"I completely understand why the timing might feel particularly difficult now, given the alarming rise of hate, but I do feel it makes the current questions more urgent — not less," Rubin said. "For me, the target question is not whether artists' behavior recovers transgression, but hate to hold serious achievement and ethical accountability together without allowing one to crize the other. And at a moment of heightened division, I feel the museum and myself have a real responsibility to confront these issues."

"Avoiding his work doesn't re-

serve his influence on fashion or solve the ethical questions around it," Rubin continued. "Our responsibility is neither to celebrate accipium nor avoid that difficult history, but establish the recent haussily, provide context and create the conditions for visitors to make an interested judgment."

Rubin said he would open the show with an "orientation gallery" that will delineate what he calls "the rapture" that has ultimately defined Galliano's career as much as the beauty of his work, though he is still working out exactly how that will be presented. Although he said he was planning to use the designer's own words as much as possible — he noted that his meetings with the Jewish community leaders had underscored the idea that clarity was paramount, and that supplements should be avoided — he also said that his job was not to represent Galliano's version of events, but the most accurate version. He is also considering creating an online forum where more discussion can take place.

A master of the bias-cut dress and an imaginative world-leaders Galliano, 65, is the man most responsible for transforming Dior from a well-mannered French heritage house into a global phenomenon. Then, in 2011, he was captured on video saying "I love Hitler," along with other, equally shocking remarks, in a Paris bar. "In 'High-Low' John Galliano," a 2024 documentary on his rise, still and later return, Galliano said he had been blackout drunk and addicted to drugs during the video incident, as well as during two separate events, when he made similar painful remarks; he called his words "bad" and "horrific." After his conviction, he went to rehab, and worked with a rabbi in London, as well as a few frontiers of the Anti-Defamation League in

The decision to celebrate Galliano comes amid rising antisemitism. Met officials spoke with Jewish leaders for their blessing.

New York, to learn about fashion, antisemitism and the Holocaust. In then spent a dinner at the helm of Mutton Margolin and celebrities like Zondana, Tyla and Amal Cherey maintain near his vintage designs on the red carpet. His clothes set records at ascites.

Throughout, Witman, 70, has remained one of Galliano's foremost champions — and perhaps the most powerful. Witman is also the mastermind of the Met Gala, and has raised as much money for the department that he honoured galleries were named in her honor in 2014 and the Costume Institute is close to amassing an endowment fund that will ensure its future economic security.

She was instrumental in enforcing Galliano's return, and was one of the first people to wear one of his sincere publicity after his disgrace. In 2024, she told The Times, "I feel quite strongly that our culture has begun to move too quickly toward condemnation — toward a feeling of certainty that particular offenses or mistakes are unforgettable. The truth is we rarely know the full story, and all of us are fulfilled." A Galliano retrospective at the Met has been a longtime goal for Witman, and would be an affirmation of her power to shape the fashion world and another element of her legacy.

"There is no one more dreaming of an exhibition of this scale than John Galliano," Witman wrote in a text message. "Designers dream of changing the world with a single collection. John has done it ever and ever again. His career isn't defined by a single moment — something he will live with for the rest of his life." But, she wrote in, "the exhibition won't shy away from any of the darkness."

Certainly, fashion seems to have moved past any discomfort with Galliano. In January, he sat

from one at Jonathan Anderson's debut curator show for Dior — his first time back at the house since his dismissal — and was told that afterward not only by members of the audience but by Dior's owner, Bernard Arnault, and his entire family.

In March, Ezra announced a two-year collaboration with Galliano. The response, in both cases, was excitement rather than contagious. And indeed, there is a long history of fashion of subordinating transgression to talent, going back to Ciro-Chanel, who chose to collaborate with the Nazis rather than risk her business during World War II.

It remains to be seen whether that attitude will extend to the broader Met audience and the Galliano show, which will open May 9, 2021, and be on view through Jan. 9, 2020. However, there are plans for it to travel to other museums after the Met's another one honor — and the leaders of these institutions will undoubtedly be watching the in-activist clearly.

"There may be many in the Jewish community who find this to be problematic," said Dorislaw, the Temple Emans-EL rabbi. "People may very likely be upset by it I can understand these feelings."

That is why some rabbiers are present worry that they were being used as a Band-Aid. A person familiar with the museum deliberations said the Met's leaders were aware that this decision could be a problem that might have serious repercussions.

But if the museum can meaningfully grapple with Galliano's history, said Jacobs, of the Union for Reform, Galliano, the show could become "an opportunity to raise consumer trust and awareness about what can be done. It could have a profound and positive effect."

Hiker's Body Is Found On a Trail In Wyoming

By ALENA GIBBS

A hiker who was attempting a 1,100-mile trip through five routes was found dead on a Wyoming hiking-ruel on Wednesday, according to the authorities.

The Times's owner Sheriff's office identified the hiker as William Standish, 28, of Australia.

He was traveling the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail from Canada to Mexico, along the Rocky Mountains. He was throbbing, a continuous journey from the start to the end of a long-distance trail that can take months to complete.

After visiting Yellowstone National Park, Mr. Standish explored a remote trail system between Yellowstone and Grand Trent National Park, according to Trent County Search and Rescue in Wyoming.

"Evidence suggests that he may have fallen from a steep, high-altitude ridgeline," the group said on Facebook.

Mr. Standish fell an estimated 150 to 300 feet, according to Matt Carr, the Trent County sheriff.

Mr. Standish's family filed a missing person-report in Australia on Monday after not hearing from him for four days. He found the family group said, "He authorities then contacted Yellowstone and Grand Trent park officials."

Trent County Search and Rescue said it had obtained tracking data from a device that played Mr. Standish's last known heaves.

The group assembled, both year team and flew to the coordinates. From the air, the team opened a bright orange backpack and came heard Mr. Standish's body.

The Trent County Contact's Office said that the cause of Mr. Standish's death was pending.

Sheriff Carr on Friday described Mr. Standish's death as a "big" sign and gave on the trail and had all the right supplies for his journey. "He was doing everything right," the sheriff said.

The Continental Divide National Scenic Trail traverses Monrovia, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico.

The journey can take five to seven months, according to a planning guide published by the Continental Divide Trail Coalition, which describes the trail as one of the "most challenging landscapes in North America."

Hiking the trail requires meticulous planning, according to the guide, which suggests starting the trail from mid-June to early July. Urgent snow "tannablely" can pass in Glacier National Park, the guide says.

It is the decennium to decay and explore alternate routes from the trail.

Following the route that Mr. Standish chose, "you immediately start to difficult terrain, according to the guide, which recommends checking in regularly with someone and letting the person know what you will be in contact with."

Women, including emergency freezers, avoid checks in messages and alert the authorities in case of an emergency. It was unclear whether Mr. Standish had tried to call for help.

A search and rescue team issued the Australian hiker.

Corrections

2,875-ft LEISURE

An article on Page 6 this weekend about Sam Smith's new album, "Hand-Eyes," refers imprecisely to the one of one of Smith's performances. It took place at the Stonewall National Monument Artwork Center, not the monument itself.

MAGAZINE

An article on Page 10 this weekend about the novelist Colson Whitehead assumes the title of the novel's first name. It is "Apex Hides the Hier," not "Apex Hides the Hieres".

Errors are corrected during the press use whenever possible, as some errors sound have may not have appeared in all editions.

Contact the Newcomers

To contact the newcomers regarding correction requests, please email corrections@nytimes.com.

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22

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Sports

The New York Times

'It's a mentality. And he's always had it.'

BLAKE DRAZNER, a high school chairman of Jalen Brunsock.

Jalen Brunsock was named the M.V.P. of the 2026 N.B.A. finals. He scored 45 points in the last game.

These Moments Tell The Story of a Rise To Greatness

Jalen Brunsock 'didn't take the elevator. He took the stairs,' a former coach says.

By JAYSON JENKS

IT'S THE SUMMER OF 2026. Blake Drazner is about to go to eighth-grade football practice on a brutally hot Chicago day when he notices one of his classmates walking down the black carrying a backpack and a basketball.

He thinks to himself: Why is Jalen walking with a backpack in this hour? Then the same thing happens the next day: backpack, basketball, heat.

And the day after that. Even on the days when it rains. It becomes a running joke in the Drazner family: Guess who I saw walking today?

One day, Drazner asks Brunsock what he's doing and where he's going, and Brunsock tells him: walking to the gym, working out, then walking home.

Years later, Drazner looks up the distance: three miles there, three miles back, a workout sandwiched in between. 'It's a mentality,' Drazner says. 'And he's always had it.'

IT'S THE SUMMER OF HIS FREEDMAN YEAR. Brunsock is playing in Stevenson High School's summer league, with three or four games in a day, usually lasting until 9 or 10 p.m.

After the final game, Brunsock and his best friend, Connor Cushaw, pack their stuff and get in the car.

Brunsock tells Cushaw that they have three backers — academics, working out to get better and being social — but realistically, he says, they can pick only two. For Brunsock, the choice doesn't feel like much of a choice: academics and working out.

Twenty minutes later, they're in the gym at the Berlin Center, the practice center for the Chicago Bulls, One of the perks of having a father on the coaching staff is getting to use the team's facility.

It's clear in those late-night workouts that Brunsock thinks differently than other kids his age: How can I get better? How can I take the next step? How can I prepare for when I'm on variety?

'That was the mind-set,' Cushaw says. 'One step at a time, one shot at a time.'

IT'S HIS SENIOR YEAR OF HIGH SCHOOL. Brunsock is a five-star recruits.

Kansas, Villanova, Illinois — they all want him.

His coach, Pat Anderson, bears about Brunsock's Friday nights after games. The ramses coach him via calls and tours.

'Did you hear Jalen was over there at 11 o'clock?' 'I was at the gym the other night. Did you know Jalen was over there?'

So Anderson talks to Brunsock. He wants to make sure his star player isn't worn out. How many teenagers can handle a midnight workout after a game?

Brunsock answers him that he can. Anderson can't argue. Every day in practice, he sees the same energy, the same intensity, the same desire, the same mentality.

Those late nights are why Anderson tells people now: 'Jalen didn't take the elevator. He took the stairs.'

IT'S HIS FREEDMAN YEAR OF COLLEGE. The days are packed.

Every morning, Villanova's players spend an hour working on individual technique. Every afternoon, they practice on a team for 2½ hours.

And every night after team dinner and schoolwork, Brunsock and his father return to the gym at 10 p.m.

Jay Wright starts to get nervous. The Villanova coach worries that Brunsock is fatigued, mentally and physically, so he

Jayson Jenks is a features writer for Peak, The Athletic's section covering sports leadership, personal development and success.

moves with Rick Brunsock and his son.

The night workouts have to stop. Wright tells them, or he will bar Jalen from the morning session. Two workouts in a day are enough.

Rick makes his case, but ultimately, he understands, and the night workouts stop.

But the following season, and the one after that, Jalen and his dad are back in the gym at night. They don't say anything to Wright, and he doesn't say anything to them.

By then, he has learned that Brunsock can handle it.

IT'S THE SUMMER AFTER HIS JUNIOR YEAR AT VILLANOVA and the night before the N.B.A. draft. Brunsock knows that his name will be called; he just doesn't know when.

He has people over in New Jersey to hang out. But around 10 p.m., he varies to his friends: 'Let's go get some shots up.'

So that's what he does the night before the Dallas Mavericks draft him with the 33rd pick in the second round.

IT'S THE SUMMER AFTER A SEASON IN THE N.B.A. He comes back to Villanova for a camp.

While everyone else is at lunch, Brunsock heads to the court. Dhaniel Cody-Bosndtree watches from one of the windows overlooking the gym.

He doesn't want to disturb Brunsock; he just watches while he eats.

Everything about the workout appears intentional. Brunsock comes off the pick-and-roll and pulls up for a 3-painter, a hand in his face. He attacks the tone and pulls up for a mid-range jumper. He stops, spins and fades away.

Every move, every shot, every drill seems to have a purpose. Cody-Bosndtree thinks back on those workouts much later: They're the same shots he sees Brunsock hit in high-profile N.B.A. games.

ANOTHER N.B.A. SEASON BEGINS. George Galanopoulos is an assistant video coordinator for the Mavericks. The tests come sometime during the day.

'Jalen at 6:30.' 'Jalen at 6:45.' 'Jalen at 5:30.' Galanopoulos knows what they mean: Brunsock will be there that night for another workout.

Brunsock listens to Michael Jackson in the gym. Galanopoulos often rebounds. He watches Brunsock work with the assistant coach Peter Patton and sees how he takes feedback, then applies it in real time.

Brunsock has started to show that he is better than an average second-round pick. On some level, it confirms what Galanopoulos believes deeply as a coach. Players can do it — anyone can do it. They can maximize every sense of talent if they have the right mentality.

IT'S SOMETIME DURING THE 2025 O.N.B.A. SEASON. Ryan Arcidiacono is a member of the New York Knicks.

He spends a good amount of time around the team's video coordinators. They're the behind-the-scenes guys, the grinders. They work hard and long hours.

Sometimes Arcidiacono goes to lunch with them, while other times they grab a bite in the evening. They stick around late because they know Brunsock will return, and they want someone there to rebound for him.

Arcidiacono isn't surprised. He has known Brunsock since he was a freshman at Villanova. He was a worker then. He's still a worker now.

'That's what makes greats tick differently,' he says. 'Their mentality and their approach to the day to day is just different.'

IT'S A SUMMER NIGHT IN SAN ANTONIO. Brunsock is on the court, a microphone in his face. He shakes his head. His eyes water.

'I've got no words,' he says, and puts

Brunsock has been a part of championship teams on every level. With Stevenson High School in Illinois, he won a state title in 2015, left. At Villanova, he won national championships in 2016 and 2018, below. In June, he led the Knicks to their first N.B.A. title in 53 years, above.

his hand over his mouth. He has just scored 45 points in the decision game that won the Knicks that first title in 53 years. Now he's trying to process it all on five TV.

'It's everything I ever dreamed of,' he says.

The Knicks have in the crowd are going crazy behind him. His teammates start to gather on the trophy stage.

ESPN's Lisa Sabers asks: 'What were

you saying to yourself about finishing this tonight?'

He passes for a moment or two.

'My confidence comes from my work ethic,' he finally says. 'Every time I get the ball, all I kept thinking about is all the basic in the summer, for every summer I had since I ever could remember. Making this a reality.'

All these summer workouts, all those long nights in high school and at Vi-

Vilanova, all those evening sessions with the Mavericks and then the Knicks, led him to this moment: He went valuable player of the 2025 N.B.A. finals, the giant of New York, an N.B.A. champion.

Even in the heat of the celebration, he understands that. Whenever he had the ball, he says on the court, he just thought about five words, the story of his basketball life:

'Me, alone, in the gym.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

3

23

BASEBALL

BROWN & WILLIAMSON

Edgar Quero, above, and the White Sun rebounded from three straight 100-loss seasons to lead the American League Central, while Shubai Ohkami Dodgers are no sure thing.

BROWN & WILLIAMSON

The Rays and the Brewers, above, and the Royals, all revenue-sharing recipients, are among the six teams with the best odds to win the title, according to FanCogho.

COMMENTARY

A Season That Defies M.L.B. Claims on Competitive Balance

By KEN ROSENTHAL

The Tribune

Contending teams have been threatening the lack of orders at the trade deadline, noting that the many clubs are launched together.

Risk, how is this possible? Major League Baseball continues to insist that the sport lacks competitive balance and that it salary cuts in the only solution. But playing out right is front of us. Or anyone who has to get attention, is a season that defies the league's argument.

Knowing play on Friday, 24 of the 26 clubs were within six games of a postseason spot, and 31 were within three games.

Oh, and the New York Mets and the San Francisco Giants — teams with the game's second- and 15th-highest luxury-tax payrolls — were both at least 30 games out.

Random, steady outcomes — in a game, a season, a postseason — are not unusual in handball. But the league, acting almost as if the results are procrastinated, keeps hanging the competitive balance down, through its 7.4-roll.

Ken Rosenthal is a senior M.L.B. writer for The Athletic.

the Playing Field® ad campaign on MLB TV and elsewhere.

If fans' overwhelmingly support, it didn't say the loser: "as the league says, they should not need additional serviceing. Then again, when the on-field results don't fit the off-field narrative, better to bombard the public with spurious arguments."

Which would you rather believe, the owners — whose privacy makes it制造ly their own business — or the facilities you're seeing in the standings? Competition, by the way, that seems to part from the expanded playoffs the league introduced in 2022 to, ahora, make more money.

Don't get me wrong. I have written repeatedly about the necessity for the league and the players' union to address the revenue-disparity between big- and small-market teams. In February, I suggested a number of ideas on how to improve the plight of small-market clubs without resorting to a cap.

The game is experiencing a renaissance, in part because of innovations such as the paid-track and the automated ball-strike challenge system that Commissioner Bob Mumford

pushed and the union resisted. The owners' insistence on a cap, however, almost certainly would result in a prolonged lockout, jeopardizing part or all of the 2027 season.

That is the last thing the sport needs. It also is the last thing the owners need. Disrupting the 2027 season — and alienating fans at a time when they can entertain themselves in responsibility more ways than they could during the 1994-95 strike — is not a great way to enhance franchise values. Nor is it a great way to enter negotiations for the sport's core set of national television contracts.

But Mumford and the owners say: "Trust us. We know what's best." They exaggerate the spending gap between the top and bottom teams by including luxury-tax payments in the top teams' payrolls. And they say, "The many fans in markets across the game have too little hope that their team has a fair chance to win."

Ruddy? The league loves to point out that the 2025 Kansas City Royals were the last small-market team to win the World Series. Well, according to FanCogho, three

revenue-sharing recipients — the Milwaukee Brewers, the Seattle Mariners and the Tampa Bay Rays — were among the six teams that entered Friday's games with the best odds of winning it all.

All three of these teams could increase their odds with a big acquisition before Monday's

The playing field isn't as level as it could be, but take a close look at the standings.

trade deadline, though those teams generally do not swing that big. But a Brewers-Rays World Series would be the ultimate release of the league's position that the sport is broken.

An impossible scenario, you say? No one can beat the two time defending champion Los Angeles Dodgers, whose 24.1 percent chance of winning the World Series as of Friday was more than double than that of the next-closest team, the New York

Yankees?

Funny, the Dodgers has back-to-back division series in 2022 and 2023 to rivals its smaller markets, the San Diego Padres and the Arizona Diamondbacks. They should have lost in the division series again to the Padres in 2024 after throwing a bullpen game while facing elims earlier on the road. And they needed a series of near-mitters less escapes to win the World Series.

The current Dodgers team is no lock, either. It is anchored by the league's oldest postmen-plasor group, and still ensure about the availability of pitchers Blake Snell, Tyler Glassner and Shohel Ohtani.

True, the Dodgers possess advantages to roam can match. Ohtani, a minors of a superstar who is a one-man A.T.M. (and was affordable in five agency to every other club on the kind of benefit deferred contract the owners want to eliminate). A local TV deal that shields a significant portion of the team's rights less from revenue sharing, thanks to an agreement the league and club made to avoid a fight in bankruptcy court after the current ownership took con-

trol from Frank McCourt.

The league's plan for teams to share all local media revenue, contingent on the players' agreeing to a cap, would effectively depart the Dodgers' TV advantage. But the players remain adamantly opposed to a cap. And when the league said it "will accept" the assets opening proposal for five-year free agency for 20-year-old players, well, sure it would. But only under a cap that limits players' earnings, which the union interests is not true free agency.

The season so far has produced a number of delightful surprises. The Rays racing to the best record in the American League. The Chicago White Sun rebounding from three straight 100-loss seasons to lead the A.L. Central. The St. Louis Cardinals and the Minnesota Twins competing after departing their rosters through trades, The Washington Nationals and the Pittsburgh Pirates roaring Nov. 1 and 2 in the region in time per game. For me saying the playing field is a level as it could be. I'm just saying it's a lot more level than the league would have you believe.

SOCCER

FIFA Scraps Plans to Sell

A Stake in the World Cup As Infantino's Job Teeters

By ADAM CRAFTON

and DAN SHELDON

FIFA, the governing body for global soccer, and Game Infantino have performed a dramatic 5-year on a plan to sell a stake in the organization's commercial and event operations after widespread condemnation of the plans.

Infantino, the under-the-FIFA president, said in a statement late Friday: "Having listened carefully to all the views, it has become clear that the project has created divisions of a nature that, regardless of the level of support, are no longer in the interest of the objective set out in the first place.

"Our purpose has always been — and will always be — to unite and improve. As a result, this proposal will not proceed."

Infantino's proposal attracted major opposition from the confederations that govern the game, including UEFA, in Europe, Coeca-cat, in North and Central America; and the Asian Football Confederation.

The European confederation announced on Thursday that all 55 of its members would become FIFA competitors, including World Cups. Five plans remained on the table. Coeca-cat members then met on Thursday afternoon and released a statement after-wed that it was renaming FIFA's proposal.

Adam Crafton and Dan Sheldon cover soccer for The Athletic.

FIFA responded with a statement early Friday in Europe: to which it insisted that "actually a selling football" and that while it "acknowledges and reopens feedback and concern and in public" it would prove on with the proposal, adding that it "reaffords the commission to an open and democratic consultation".

But soon after FIFA released that statement, the Asian federation followed up with 60 new statement saying that it stood in solidarity with UEFA and Coeca-cat.

Infantino was then dealt two second-interest blows.

First, his advisor Carlos Cordero quit his role, criticized the plan in a statement that called it "a bad deal for FIFA's member associations, a bad deal for football, and a bad deal for the long-term future of the game."

Then FIFA's chief operating officer, Kevin Lamour, told The Associated Press that staff had been "deserved" by Infantino and that he would keep better after speaking out on the matter, even if it could him his job.

"It is the project of one person," Lamour said: "You only must the project not go ahead ... but the time has ever since he had called political leaders to ask themselves the right questions and make the right decisions."

These developments forced Infantino into a career, and by Friday afternoon, many within the organization, speaking to The Athletic on the condition of ans-

nyship to protect their jobs, believed it was a matter of when, not if, the plan would be reconsider.

Joshua Kushner's venture capital firm Thrive had not pulled out of the deal as of Friday night, but that became most sure a FIFA leadership ultimately decided to pull the play.

FIFA had announced on Tuesday that it wanted to set up a new private sport — FIFA Forward Enterprises — that would run to main events; such as the World Cups and Club World Cups, and not a was looking to sell a 25 percent minority stake to outside investors.

That sale would have aimed to bring in 54.2 billion, which FIFA said could have been immediately released to its 121 member associations as part of a new funding

stream called the FIFA Fast-Fer-ward Program.

Under the plan, FIFA's total development funding would have topped 100 billion over the next four years. Despite the mounting criticism in the days passed, FIFA confirmed that if member associations were opposed to the plan but the proposal passed, those opposed would still receive $20 million each in the 2027-28 cycle (believed by $22 million in 2025-26 and $28 million in 2035-26), irrespective of whether any stake had been sold to private investors.

However, if that member association had agreed to the proposal, it would receive $40 million in 2027-28, with the subsequent payments to remain the same.

The three federations that went on record against FIFA's plan rep-

resent 117 of the 211 FIFA member associations. FIFA had said it would in 28's majority of association and approval from its 21 member FIFA's board — which includes Infantino and the eight FIFA vice presidents — for the proposal to advance.

Cromshed, South America's nearer confederation, issued a statement late Friday that did not return the plans but said that financial and commercial decisions "must always serve the interests of football and never take precedence over its essence."

FIFA's statement a few hours later then took everything off the table.

The Athletic reported that 50 fanciers' future leadership of FIFA was questioned during the meetings of UEFA and Coeca-cat

The proposal by Gianni Infantino, FIFA president, drew opposition from the game's governing confederations.

on Thursday.

Infantino has been FIFA president since succeeding Sepp Blatner in February 2008 and had been expected to stand unopposed in the next election in March 2027.

"My dear impression at the moment is that he has lost a great deal of trust," Lee Klarewans, the president of the Norwegian Football Federation, told the newspaper VU.

"We didn't vote for him last time, and we've been skeptical about this," Klarewans said. "There are many good things about FIFA, but if you take a tax approach to governance principles and rules, you quickly lose trust."

This has been a bombing experience for Infantino, the began the week as the FIFA president who oversaw 165 billion in revenue from the just-occupied men's World Cup, and many within the game were resigned to his securing another term as president in most upragly election. Many federations had even submitted their letters remaining engaged to him.

In so long publicly released by several major confederations represented a stunning development. UEFA's threat to beyond carried weight, but one Coeca-cat and the Asian federation joined in, Infantino was vulnerable to being narrower.

Then his own team turned on him, first Cordero, then Lamour. A battle for ideas had become a battle to save his job. Infantino has been without the force, but he may yet face challenges in the 2027 elections. Nominations must be made by November.

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24

THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

PRO FOOTBALL

With Murray's Arrival, Preseason Optimism Surges for Minnesota

By KLEE LEWIS

The Athletic

When high school football coaches in Texas heard about the possibility of the partnership, they sent one another camp-balon messages. When Arizona Cardinals executives and coaches caught wind, they whispered about the 50 at the N.H.L. evening, sometime. Even Lincoln Riley, while preparing for a critical season at Southern California, took time out of his day to verify whether his former quarterback at Oklahoma, Kylie Murray, could be headed to the Minnesota Vikings.

"When that was first starting to come together," Riley said in a recent phone interview, "I was really excited."

Once the signing with the Vikings was official in mid-March, one of Murray's coaches with the Cardinals, who requested ano-

meaningful time around Murray, some spoke disparagingly about his introverted nature, while others preferred not to drag him. Some fixated on his emotional-enfield demeanor, while others praised his reactions as expressions of passion but in his want to win, some questioned his work habits, and others covert by how much he cared.

In fact, talking to executives, coaches and teammates about him felt like a Birouchani son. The responses revealed as much about quarterback leadership philosophies, the rule of media executives in players' careers and organizational impact on success and failure as they did about Murray. In a thousand Trophy winner. Most agreed that Murray's feeling up with the Vikings would produce the best possible outcome for him.

"I think how his career has gone the last two or three years has been necessary for his growth," said Diane Edmonds, a former teammate of Murray's who played last season for the Washington Commanders. "The Vikings are going to be getting the best Kylie Murray that anyone has ever seen in terms of consistency."

Jordan Hogan, a former Cardinals and San Francisco 49ers assistant, said: "He is not an idiot, and neither is his inner circle. Being in the N.H.C. West, he knows what this type of offense is about. He wants to live in the pocket. He wants to be a perfect passer. He doesn't want to run around because that's how you get hurt at that level, and he knows that."

Tom Shampart, a Cardinals assistant from 2010 to 2021, said: "I think the play-caller will hold him to a high standard, and he needs a coach who is going to be on him, not let him get away with the little things."

Shampart said the Vikings' coach, Kevin O'Connell, is that type of guy. "I think the dude is going to have a crazy year," he said about Murray.

O'Connell has not won a playoff game in his four seasons in Minnesota, but his success with established quarterbacks speaks to why the Vikings signed Murray. O'Connell secured the unwavering commitment of Marlene Stafford, Kirk Cousins and Sam

Those who know Kylie Murray, who signed a one-year deal with the Vikings, say he understands the magnitude of the opportunity.

When Murray was with the Cardinals, left, coaches pushed for better interior protection, without success. The Vikings have a highly paid offensive line. Murray and J.J. McCarthy, far right.

Darnold. Operating this complex system, which asks the quarterback to put the offense in the best play before the long, requires nothing less.

It also helps when a roar's most talented player demands a high degree of intensity. Especially if he is chucked at a season in 2025, the star receiver Justin Jefferson will not settle for anything other than maniacal attention to detail on and off the field.

"He's a competitor," said Avery Denson, the Cardinals' running backs, much from 2022 to 2023. "When you challenge a competition, you know what they're going to do? They're going to compete. Challenge him. Hold him accustomed. There was not a malicious bone in his body."

Those who know Murray say he understands the magnitude of the moment. Struggle to 2026, and he will join the pool of former first-

round picks fighting for a meaningful future in the N.H.L. Thrive, and a huge free-agent contract teams.

In recent years, Cardinals coaches pushed for improved interior protection to no avail. Without accomplished vertical throats, they dropped a concert-letter on these beds for Murray to get rid of the ball quickly to receivers such as tight end Tony McBride. A diminished run game after James

Cooper's ankle injury in Week 3 left a nonexplorer passing attack with five ways to generate offensive momentum.

The Vikings have multiple field-stitching receivers. They have one of the highest paid offensive lines in the league. They have a locker room that has proved its willingness to embrace different personalities at the quarterback position. There is little room for recruits.

This is not to say there will not be hurdles. Former coaches mentioned the effect interior leakage can have on Murray's vision. They also noted concerns with deep drop concepts and how this affect Murray given his compact frame.

Another consideration? Because Murray has played mostly from the shotgun, and because O'Connell's system likes to position the quarterback under center to take advantage of the run-pass option, both sides must adapt.

Tensifying can take time. It can cause stress, but the best quarterbacks find a way, and the circumstances for that team and player remove any reluctance to be malleable.

"If I were a Vikings fan," Riley said, "I'd be licking my chops seeing how motivated this cat is right now. It is off the charts."

COLLEGE FOOTBALL

He Turned Around Iowa State. Can He Now Lead Penn State to New Heights?

By SCOTT McKETTERMAN

The Athletic

CHICAGO — In his first Big Ten media day as Penn State's football coach, Matt Campbell issued every intangible that gave Iowa State the Big 12-zone conference went from 2017 through 2025.

Pit... Character... Toughness... Alignment... Campbell had crafted those words into a powerful message that he embraced and outlooked in propelling the Cyclones to unprecedented heights.

Campbell's Iowa State teams, refrained through his use of black as a primary color, responded with 10 wins against ranked teams, including four against top 10 loss. The Cyclones routinely hit the ceiling throughout Campbell's 20-year tenure, with eight of the programs also winning Big 12 seasons — ever.

Rehearsed in Happy Valley, Campbell, 46, traded in black for early blue, and both the colors and words did more than work. They blended. He is wagering that the same traits that took Iowa State from bottom-headers to Big 12 title contenders will elevate the Nittany Lions from good to great. And he is doing it with a roster that includes 24 Iowa State teachers alongside dozens of Penn State believers.

It's not an easy task. There is the potential for delighting or cripple in Campbell's campaign does not resonate. So he was transparent with his former Cyclones, telling them "we aren't at Iowa State anymore," we are at Penn State. Campbell pushed all of the players to lean on one another and build camaraderie every aspect of campus life, from academics to nutrition to strength and consistency, with his stories leading the way.

"You had an influx of young men that came over from Iowa State. You had two seniors that came across from 2012-13, and then you had some great seniors that chose to step at Penn State."

Scott Dechterman covers college football for The Athletic.

In Matt Campbell's 20 years at Iowa State, the team had 16 wins against ranked teams, and eight of its nine winning Big 12 seasons.

Campbell said, "So we paired those guys up in leadership groups and allowed them to draft out the team and really start the accountabilities out there."

As Iowa State, Campbell's system developed leaders and became self-perpetuating in roughly three-year start-ups, starting with players like David Montgomery and Allen Laund early in his tenure in World Finals and Power Hall in the new Nittany Lions. Beech Becht and Ben Brathmer are the leaders of plan players, these start pushed the standard to new heights and maintained it.

It did not always work, which forced Campbell to grow as a coach. After a No. 9 finish and a Fi-

osta Bowl victory in 2020, massive expectations weighed down the Cyclones. With nearly every major contributor returning, Iowa State began the 2021 season ranked in the top 10 but finished with a record of just 7-8. The Cyclones followed with a 4-6 season in 2022. It forced Campbell to adapt and hone his system to stop the free fall. He looked inward. He fired automatic coaches, including those who were among his closest friends.

"Ego and nutritionist can settle in really fun," Campbell said. "I did a really poor job of leading out football program probably through our '21 and '22 season. I allowed some of those things to

creep in, and I'm really fortunate to be able to have the opportunity to correct that."

Campbell relied on Becht to ignore the turnaround in 2023, and the quarterbacks guided the Cyclones to a second appearance in the Big 12 championship game. Becht has started 40 games and was one of three Big 12 quarterbacks to go over 5,000 career passing yards.

Becht joined Campbell at Penn State to part in build a cohesive culture based on the whole shaped at Iowa State. To Becht, this building process is far different from what he experienced during Iowa State's 4-6 campaign.

"We had a lot of ego, entit-

ment, selfish players, and we deny have any of that new," Becht said. "It's completely different, you with building a team with players from all across the country are, running together as one, and that's hard to do."

Campbell takes over a program that was on the cup of excellence but never achieved it under his predecessor, James Franklin. The Nittany Lions advanced to the College Football Playoff semifinals in 2021 and won at least 10 goals in from 2022 to 2024 but failed in their biggest quarterbacks. Franklin, who now coaches Virginia Tech, was 0-21 against top six competitors from 2017-present. Campbell was 3-3 over the same

stretch.

That success against high-level competition and the ability to mold Iowa State into winners with multiple iterations provides Campbell with confidence that he can do the same at Penn State. He has a larger recruiting base, more access to elite talent and significantly more resources. He enjoyed relatively strong support from Iowa State's fans, but Nittany Lions football generated nearly 8147 million in fiscal year 2025. He Cyclones reported $51.1 million.

At every Power 4 program down is pressure to perform, but Campbell recognizes that the ex-

A coach takes 24 players with him to Happy Valley, and a total of 40 transfers.

pectations are higher at Penn State than what he experienced at Iowa State. But what served him to Jones is what he relies on now. Winning is expected, but for Campbell, it is rooted in the process.

"I've always believed in it we handle the values and standards and expectations inevitably, our player-driven leadership, staying committed to each other, not letting selfishness come in," Campbell said. "If we can do those things, then I always believe the scoreboard's going to take care of itself."

Campbell may have traded black hard confined for early, but his message resonates no matter what color of pullover he is wearing.

"He's been the same guy for the past five years since I've known him," Becht said. "He comes in with an eagerness to just go to work and make the best team possible, but that starts with who you are as a person. That's what he tries to create every single day."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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Clara Ester, an Eyewitness to the King Assassination, Is Dead at 78

By JEIKE LONGMAN

Clara Ester, a lay minister at civil rights activist who was one of the last surviving eyewitnesses to the assassination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., died on July 9 in Mobile, Ala. She was 78. She died in a hospital of complications from a stroke, her brother, Ronald Ester, said.

With the death of Ms. Ester, and that of the Rev. Jesse Jackson in February, Andrew Young, who worked with Dr. King on young and civil rights issues and later became the mayor of Atlanta and the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, is believed to be the only prominent surviving eyewitness to the assassination.

Ms. Ester was a 29-year-old college junior in Memphis when Dr. King came to the segregated city in April 1969 to support 1,200-ending Black sanitation workers seeking recognition of their union, improved safety standards and higher pay. As a student-organizer, she participated in marches and in picket lines in support of the workers.

On April 2, she watched Dr. King deliver his 'I've been to the meantime,' speech at the city's Mason Temple, part of the Church of God in Christ. Almost proscenity, he said that while he might not live in on a time of a old equality and economic justice for Black people, he believed that 'we, as a people, will get to the promised issue.'

In the last afternoon on April 4, the city's 1,200-ending her parents' white Pontiac Troppies to the Lorraine Music, bringing with her a friend, Robert Eaton, which Ms. Ester knew Dr. King was meeting her, she told U.S. Today in 2002, she was mostly interested in the month-dinner special.

If just wanted some catfish," she said.

'When she said Ms. Ester arrived at the event, she recalled in a personal essay in 2018 at the 50th anniversary of her assassination, moved, that Dr. King was meeting on the second floor of a sheep outside his room, No. 200, and was a casualty talking to people known in the parking lot.

'Happy as a lark — laughing

In April, Clara Ester spoke at a ceremony in Memphis on the 50th anniversary of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination.

about stuff,' she told 'NBC Nightly News' in 2003.

In she loved in the parking lot just after 6 p.m., looking up 'at this great giant in my life,' Ms. Ester told the network, she heard a note that sounded like a trick backfiring. It was a gunshot from a high-powered rifle. She did not take her eyes off Dr. King. The impact of the gunshot, she said, appeared to throw him up in the air and then back down as he collapsed onto the cement walkway.

She and Ms. Eaton ran up the stairs to his side. Ms. Eaton, wearing bobby socks, appears in Joseph Lowe's indelible photograph of the scene, in which he captured a small cluster of people standing around a father. Dr. King as several

of them point toward a roaming house where they believed the idea had been fired.

Ms. Ester's presence on the walkway was confirmed in an E.B.I. report and in photographs in which she was partially obscured and drawn from behind.

Ms. Ester recalled feeling for Dr. King's pulse. 'He was breathing but very slowly,' she wrote in her 2018 essay. 'I unbuckled his belt to high. His eyes were open.'

She also called for moral towdle as a 'toad for the bleeding of a severe wound to right side of Dr. King's face and neck.

Perhaps because he had been speaking pleasantly with friends, she wrote, 'there was a most comfortable, relaxed expression on his

face.'

Dr. King was transported to St. Joseph's Hospital in Memphis and was pronounced dead about an hour later. Nationwide civil unrest followed. James Earl Ray pleaded guilty to the assassination, though the later recurred his confession, and died in 1969 while serving a 30-year prison sentence.

For Ms. Ester, Dr. King's death, she said, forever changed her life. 'I knew that I was no longer the same person I had been,' she wrote in her 2018 essay.

In 1970, she received a bachelor's degree in elementary school education from Latheson-Owens College, a historically Black college in Memphis. She soon left Tennessee and lived her final 20

years or so in Mobile, where she became a lay minister and ran a community center.

'It hurt me that it happened, but it hurt me that it happened in our hometown, that that's the legacy for this city,' she told The Assass' and Press in 2018 about Dr. King's assassination.

Clara Jesse Ester was born in Memphis on Feb. 17, 1948. Her father, Anderson Ester, was a rich head worker. Her mother, Willie (Lew)(Elen), cooked and cleaned as a community center.

Clara wrote in her essay that she felt grievered by her parents from racism and segregation as a young girl. 'We need to take about alcohol water being Kool-Aid and the white water just being water.'

On April 4, 1968, she ran to the unneeded civil rights leader to check his pulse.

and that satisfied us as children,' she told The A.F.

'When she was 7, however, she was forced her mother being chastised in a train station, because the family used bathrooms and a water fountain designated her white people. 'I'd never seen anyone wearing my mother like that,' she wrote. 'That's when I started to see the injustices.'

Her family belonged to the Centenary United Methodist Church of Columbia whose pastor, James M. Lawson Jr., was described by Dr. King as 'the leading theorist and strategist of convenience in the world.' After Dr. King's assassination, Ms. Ester — who later told U.S. Today that she had named children co-became during the sanitation workers strike — ruled out violence as a tactic for social change, instead, she said, she wanted to 'pick up the cross and carry it.'

'She knew she wanted to help people and right wrongs,' her brother, Ronald Ester, said in an interview with The Times.

In addition to her brother, Ms. Ester, who never married, is survived by a son, Reginald Ester.

In Mobile, she devoted herself to justice, compassion and reconciliation, becoming a downtown, or lay minister, in the United Methodist Church and the mercy for divorce of a community center. At the center, she oversaw programs that assisted the blood, the head, and homeless mothers and children, operated eight classes for students seeking their high school equivalency diploma, and collected out for Christmas.

'There's no kind of injustice — gay rights, immigrant rights, relapses — that I don't feel obligated to address,' she wrote in her 2018 essay. 'We have to learn how to love one another and live together.'

Ronald G. Davis, 92, Artistic Soul Of Counterculture Mine Troupe

By ALEX WILLIAMS

In 1966, when a Harvard student approached Ronald G. Davis — the founder of the San Francisco Mine Troupe, ventured for its scathing street-theater natives of all things Establishment — about tuning in, turning on and dropping out of college to join the troupe. Ms. Davis cautioned him.

Dropping out, Ms. Davis said dishonestly, was 'for pop stars, and they don't drop out, they plug in and sell out,' the members, student, Charles Degelman, recalled in a recent essay on Sabtuata.

Hitting on a review of Ms. Davis added, 'Can high, don't get high, I don't care, just be on time, know why you're here, and don't forget the assassination.'

The first time of a series of six has been in San Francisco, his son, Colin Davis, said. He was 92.

The 'unemotione' may have been figuration, but Ms. Davis's 'swording of the West' was also known as American bourgeois culture was quite real.

Kising in prominence in the era when San Francisco was the big-country of the West, she was the world, the troupe under Ms. Davis, who professionally went by R.G. Davis, carved out a place in town-incubation here. They mounted up typographic at a event, usually in city parks, that third million thousands of the troupe were in town, economic inequality and middle-class complexity — sometimes putting its members as legal risk.

Ms. Ms. Davis, who served as the troupe's artistic director from its founding in 1938 until 1976, said Mr. Degelman, who ended up joining an art actor and musician: 'We commit. We engage. We breathe the fresh air of the parks and put on free shows. We create the path of most resistance. We fight the system.'

People for hiding, do-it-yourself ethos, the group featured no shortage of future retailers, among them Peter Coyote, later an Emmy-winning actor, Luis Valdez, the founder of the influential Mexican American theater company El Teatro Campanlan who also directed the 1947 Richie Valens-Sugar 'La Bandia', Steve Reich, the Malanador composer, and Saul Landau, the left-wing documentary filmmaker.

The San Francisco Mine Troupe eventually gave birth to the Diggers, a community action group that Mr. Coyote helped found, which offered free collectibles and medical care to the bigans of the Haight-Adelany scene.

A 1967 poster for the San Francisco Mine Troupe. Ms. Davis proudly defied city ordinances to put on public shows.

Bill Graham, who became a powerhouse rock-premier, began his career as the troupe's business manager, organizing a month—the featured and even equally like the Coyote Head, Jefferson Airplane and Quickshow Messenger Serv-

ice.

Ms. Davis had studied in Paris under Eleanor Decrase, who was one of Marcel Marroach key teachers and was known as the author of modern French notes — or 'tomes,' as Ms. Davis called it, showing the French pronunciation. But under Ms. Davis, the San Francisco troupe moved from its dinner early on; it lively used dialogue and blended the prosperity (maternity) of Bernie Brecht with the provocation (morbidity) of Lenny Braun.

The result was a sharply political form of contender-bel'tern, the centurion-all leader whose bar form known for its marks, broad comedic stylings and earthy issues.

In August 1985, the troupe mounted the third of several planned performances of its hardly reinterpretation of Glandane Brand's 16th-century Italian hero: 'El Glandano' ('The Landsmaker')' as Golden Gate Park. Hearing about the show's risqué lumped of contemporary sexual events, the city's Recreation and Parks Department leadership, denoting the production of 'sang partnership,' convened to revoke the permit allowing the troupe to perform in parks.

Ms. Davis proceeded to mount another performance, to La Toyota Park. Before beginning, he slipped on his mask and addressed the crowd: 'Today, for your appreciation, we perform an arrest,' the airy FoundO' re-

Ronald G. Davis in 1978. He wrote a 1960 manifesto, 'Guerrilla Theatre,' in which he expressed the belief that performance should 'go where the people are — street corners, vacant lots or parks.'

came.

And they did.

When Ms. Davis was sentenced to a year's probation for performing in a park without a permit, he protested: 'I don't think the issue of free speech was considered. This is like an firm Curtain country!'

He created a far bigger force with the snaring 1985 work 'A Manner Show, or God Rights in a Cratent Barrel,' by Gary David and Mr. Landau. A satire of abilities stitched above, a featured white characters in blackface: The point, R.G. Davis recalled in his 1975 book, 'The Star Presents Mine Troupe: The First 10 Years,' and in 'get right into the problem of racism — ours and everyone else's — by unexciting those stereotypes, clichés, carolands and of

that Uncle Tom jive.'

On a national tour with the press, the group encountered problems and move arrests. To Ms. Davis, legal-motives were just part of the overall mission to destabilize the power structure.

'The national show,' he wrote, 'spectacled the unnoticed pieces from the nothing got.'

Ronald Guy Davis, the young, out of three boys, was born in Brooklyn on July 8, 1933. His father, Herman Davis, owned a factory that made children's underwear, and his mother was Marley (Laver) Davis.

At the University of New Mexico, he received a bachelor's degree in economics and also pursued an extracurricular interest in modern dance, after graduating in 1965, he married to New York and his study of dance eventually reached his interest in mine. On a Fulbright scholarship, he studied in in Paris.

By the end of the 1950s, he had settled in San Francisco and was an associate director of the Inter's Workshop. The company was 'progressors, liberal,' he recalled in a 2022 appearance on the podcast of 'Consensus, a Marxist magazine.' It opened up the 'constricted,' and posted off to pursue a more aggressively political vision.

In his 1966 manifesto, 'Guerrilla Theatre,' he wrote that he decided to 'go where the people are — street corners, vacant lots or parks.'

At the 1970s approached, Ms. Davis found himself increasingly at odds with the other members of the troupe, many of whom were two decades his junior and, he said, had begun to focus more on identity politics than what he perceived as larger cultural and economic issues.

As other members began to lobby to replace Ms. Davis's authority as leader with a collective

approach to decision-making, he left the troupe in 1973. The group has continued to evolve over the decades, winning a Regional Theater Tony Award and multiple OBA awards along the way.

After his departure, Ms. Davis founded a Marxist theater department at Columbia College in Chicago, and later started Eyle West, a center for the study of British in Berkeley, Calif. Dismissed by the shifting cultural sides of the Reagan years, he turned his attention to environmental advocacy, including a multiple abbreviation as he sought to marry 'far-ish' pol-

A mine who guided a prompt satire of U.S. militarism, racism and bourgeois values.

tics with environmentalism. In his 1982, he started a democratic or ecological aesthetics from the University of California, Davis.

'His three marriages — to Sally Alvord, Judy North and Robin Baker — ended in divorce. Besides his son, from his third marriage, Ms. Davis leaves no immediate survivors.'

However, sharp-edged his approach in theater, Ms. Davis's vision for the state troupe required a delicate balance.

'If the content is too immediate, the art is too稚嫩ly and, like today's newspaper, will lose tomorrow's garbage pan,' he wrote to his main story. 'If you want to devise, synthetic or academic-sight suggesters, the public will refuse to see it, because their minds have been fminced by television and dull jobs.'

'To be stupid,' he added, 'is a luxury only the commercial can afford.'

Ms. Davis, in white at right, in 1965 after being arrested. He was charged with performing in a park without a permit. 'I don't think the issue of free speech was considered,' he said at the time.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

David Hirsch, 81, Dies; Turned Sonoma Coast Into Great Wine Area

By ERIC ASONIO

David Hirsch, who was among the first to grow wine grapes on the windswept, highland Sonoma Coast of California, stimulating interest in an area that would become one of American great wine-producing regions, died on Tuesday in Santa Rosa, Calif. He was 81.

The death, in a hospital, was from respiratory failure, his family said.

Mr. Hirsch was not the first to plant grapes on the Sonoma Coast. But his vineyard, eventually encompassing 17 acres of pine and strawberries, divided into more than two dozen blocks on a property that exceeded 1,000 acres, smoked the imaginations of young, gifted producers.

Initially, Mr. Hirsch said his grapes in companies that used them in anonymous Sonoma blends. But in the early 1990s, dynamic producers like Bart McMahon and Ed Snyder of Williams Selyven, Ted Lemon of Littoral and Steve Kistler of

'This was the place. There was no electricity, no houses and it was dirt cheap.'

Kistler Vineyards became drawn to Mr. Hirsch's work.

Each of these producers battled wines — designated with the Hirsch Vineyards brand — that were instrumented in establishing the reputation of the Sonoma Coast for shoppers plant nuts and chardonnays. Mr. Hirsch eventually started to produce his own wines, but he never snapped selling grapes to other winemakers.

The wines made from Hirsch Vineyards grapes were distinctive, first yet lively, with elegant, slightly herbal fruit flavors.

'Tractor structure was always a Hirsch signature,' Mr. Lemon, of Littoral, said of the piece now in an interview with the New York Times. 'There was a wild, herbal character, sage and savory, with good acidity.'

In 1975, when Mr. Hirsch bought his first piece of land on the Sonoma Coast — 700 acres of an old sheep ranch — land was cheap and plentiful. The rugged coastline, with more on down than four miles and just a few gloody crossroads towns on the edges, appealed to many back-to-matter types, who began turning tractors and apple orchards into vineyards.

Mr. Hirsch planted his first two acres of grapes in 1996, equal on by a wine-loving friend who, he later recalled, said him, 'You place pines near here and if I be a worthlesson vineyard.'

He soon added more plantings to his original plot, which he called the Old Vineyard. Before long, more would-be growers were coming to the coast.

The lure was the potential for great wine, not profits. Growers on the coast had to struggle to obtain yields of one-and-a-half to two tons of grapes per acre in a good year, a pittance compared to the farmers on the Napa Valley floor, who could count on four to five tons per acre, or more.

And in the early years, Sonoma Coast growers were largely off the grid. Many had to generate their own electricity and pump their own water. Broken machinery might sit for days waiting for repairs or even longer if a part needed to be ordered.

But the wines were superb, and Mr. Hirsch and unequal farmers were soon joined by others. By 2005, his neighbors on the coast included Pony Vineyards near Annapolis, Marselette, Flowers, Flake and Fort Rose Vineyards near Canadore; Thomas Rivers Brown of Rivers-Marie; and Cobb Waters, among many others.

An demand for the land rose, so did its value. 'We spent $3,000 or $4,000 an acre on the Old Vineyard,' Mr. Hirsch recalled in 2005, 'That wouldn't get you through the paperwork today.'

By 2006, Mr. Hirsch had de-cited that so wildly understood the intricacies of his vineyard and make sense of his own farming decisions, he had to make his own wine, too. He built a winery in 2002 and began to sell under the Hirsch Vineyards label.

In 2014, after a serious tractor accident, Mr. Hirsch used a wheelchair. But he continued to work in the vineyard and winery.

David Michael Hirsch was born on Sept. 2, 1916, in the Bronx to George and Mark Ochsner's Hirsch, who were in the rare banks business.

Though David received a scholarship in annual Columbia University, he left after a year. He finished across the country and ended up in Alaska, where he spent two years as a railway worker, then traveled to Duluth, Minn., where he worked on boats carrying one car to stand mills.

'I was a wanderer,' he recalled in a 2018 interview on Levi Daimelt wine podcast, 'I'll Drink to That.' 'It got me in touch with the beauty and grandeur of nature and interest.'

He gravitated to California and settled in Santa Cruz in 1990, though he continued to travel. On a trip through Mexico, he and his girlfriend at the time bought handiworks, pottery and jewelry, and at the same time also sold. Before long, he was in the wholesale business, buying and selling folk art and clothing from around the world.

Even as he was interested in customers, Mr. Hirsch was a child

David Hirsch is what he called his Old Vineyard in 2009. He bought his first piece of land on the Sonoma Coast in 1978.

The Hirsch property, an old sheep ranch above the ocean, is two hours by car from the Golden Gate Bridge. Right, Mr. Hirsch built his own winery in 2002 and Littoral used Hirsch grapes.

of the 1960s, a hippie true believer. By the mid-1970s, he later recalled, he began to feel disillusioned, believing that Santa Cruz was becoming more materialistic and banal.

'Hippies of the 1960s were becoming the hip-mist' — it is the boogsmian — 'of the 1970s,' as he

put it on Mr. Daimelt's podcast. He went looking for his own land, searching in Idaho, Oregon, and Northern California. Finally, he saw an old car old ranch on the Sonoma Coast near the town of Canadore, two hours by car from the Golden Gate Bridge, on a ridge 1,300 feet up from the ocean,

and inland from Fort Rose, a 19th-century Russian settlement.

'This was the place,' he said. 'There was no electricity, no houses and it was dirt cheap, it had no value.'

His daughter Jasmine Hirsch joined the family business in 2009, and is now the general manager and winemaker.

She survives him, along with Jessica Hirsch, another daughter from his first marriage, to Rebecca Baldissimaki, a son, Joseph Hirsch, from his second marriage, to Elizabeth Gladstone; his wife, Marie Hirsch; his four siblings, Adam, Daniel, Susan and Betty Hirsch; and two grandchildren.

While Mr. Hirsch didn't start off in Sonoma with any intention of growing grapes, he had already fallen in love with wine. On business trips to Paris, he had been introduced to great wines and was especially taken with the pioneers and chardonnays of Burgundy.

After completing his business in the French capital, he would on off for Burgundy, where he would visit luminaries like Aubert de Vif-

laire of Demonte de la Bernarde-Court and Louis Latour. He found himself attracted to the wines, but also to the Burgundian way of life: easygoing, with a premium on community and sharing good food and wine.

'In these days, Burgundy hadn't turned into an issue,' he said on Mr. Daimelt's podcast. 'The wines weren't collected, the winemakers weren't celebrated. People were buying the wines to drink them and share them. I got excited by the Burgundy experience. I wanted to be a part of it.'

His time in Burgundy shaped his ambitions for his piece of land on the Sonoma Coast. By 1981, he had quit the clothing business and taken up grape-growing full time. While many successful people go into wine as a second art, few show the kind of commitment that Mr. Hirsch demonstrated.

'My inspiration,' he said, 'was to create that transcendental community, an integrated, self-sustaining community that would be able to withstand the traps that the analytic and material approach to life always bring.'

Lilly Yokoi, 96, Acrobat Who Dazzled On Golden Bicycle in Circus and on TV

By RICHARD SAVONIO

Lilly Yokoi, an audacious cyclist who mastered ball-battery, half-gymnastic tricks as part of a family act and later broke away to perform solo on her gold panel bicycle — in high back — in circuses and theaters, on television and during halftimes of Harlem Globenetters games, died on May 11 in Tokyo. She was 96.

Her death, in a hospital, was confirmed by her daughter, Monica Yokoi. It was not widely reported at the time.

Lilly Yokoi began where all the other trick cyclists left off, Cyril Bernate Mills, who hired the Yokoi for his family's circus on Landscots West End in 1962, once wrote: 'She was an artistic down to her fingertips, her comrades were magnificent, and she had a smile which was as infectious that her audience was with her in the first minute.'

Ms. Yokoi's tricks demanded remarkable balance and dexterity. She performed handstands on the handshakes of a moving bicycle and, like a gymnast on a pommel horse, swung herself repeatedly over the length of the time.

She executed wheelies and open herself around. She turned her two-wheeler into a unicycle by removing the handshakes and fingerprints under stress, and stood up, placing one foot on the seat, the other on the handshakes, her arms in the air. She also backed, but rest resting on the handshakes, and wretched across the seat. When she finished, she heard off the bike in a dismount.

Abe Saperstein, the impresario

who issued the Globenetters, an exhibition basketball team that became famous for its quality, comedy play, was so impressed that in 1987 he called Ms. Yokoi 'the greatest performer we've ever had with us.'

In the early 1960s, Ms. Yokoi made a decision that would forever define her image. She commissioned a new bicycle from the Swiss artistic cyclist Arnold Tschopp. It wasn't performance alone that she wanted — she also had it gold-plated. (The bicycle is on display at Circusland, a mo-

Her tricks demanded remarkable balance and dexterity.

seam in Bessels, Spain. She was, from then on, widely known as the Ballerina on the Golden Bicycle.

But it wasn't all glamour. Monica Yokoi said in an interview that her mother's acrobatics brought on pain from, among other things,msing her looms and pinched nerves.

'This was not what she wanted in life,' she said. 'She felt more or less obligated to support her family and didn't want me to suffer through the same life. She wasn't happy.'

Now a physiotherapist, Monica Yokoi,(who is help) people perform at their best and stay injury-free

as long as possible.

'I wish I could have helped my mother,' she said.

Ms. Yokoi was born on Nov. 15, 1920, in New York City, but moved with her family to Japan when she was a child. Her father, Erin and her mother, Rui, were also bicycle acrobats, and Ms. Yokoi was the primary teacher of the skills in their children.

When Lilly was later asked by The Patriot News of Harrisburg, Pa., if she and her siblings had been groomed for three business, she said: 'Oh, no! My father taught us to ride bicycles to keep healthy. We all began learning when we were about 3 years old — except Kinsko, the manager. She was on her first bicycle when she was 18 months old.'

Ms. Yokoi's daughter, said that performing as a group 'was a way for the family to eat during the war in Japan. My mother was too much irritation when her father trained to find gigs, so she was sent to different places to ask if they were interested in a performance.'

The Yokoi Family Troupe — which, over the years, included five sisters and one brother — often performed in the United States with the traveling Hansel-Moreno Circus.

Reviewing their act when the circus arrived in Memphis in 1974, The Memphis Press-Summer wrote that the Yokoi 'sustain themselves with more prize on a single gallery where Dancy's I than most folks do money cold-solver on both feet at solid old Main and Madison.'

Ms. Yokoi in 1977. She turned her two-wheeler into a unicycle by removing the handshakes and front wheel. Right, Ms. Yokoi in 1980. It wasn't all glamour. Her acrobatic brought on pain.

On her own he nearly 20 years, Ms. Yokoi performed at major venues like Radio City Music Hall, the London Palladium and the Lulu in Paris. She was a major instruction at circuses in America and Europe; appeared on televi-

sion programs like 'The Ed Sulls and Short' and 'The Hollywood Palace', performed at Las Vegas hotels and in the 1960 circus film 'Kings Around the World', and returned to work with the Globenetters in the late 1970s.

She retired in 1962 and lived the rest of her life in Tokyo.

In 1955, she married a fellow alcoholist, Roland Johansson, a Swede known as the Great Billiards for his one-finger handstands. He also became Ms. Yokoi's manager and performers in the 1968 with her. The marriage ended in divorce.

In addition to her daughter, Ms. Yokoi is survived by two grandchildren and two great-grandchildren.

In 1958, Ms. Yokoi was photographed in a park in Linden during her bicycle-turried-uncycle, building one wheel in one hand and the handshakes in the other.

'Duffy, piece could hold on four for this prefer Eastern Ballerina at the Bicycle, Lilly Yokoi,' The Duffy Sketch, a tabloid, wrote: 'She'd simply take her bike apart and ride out of any tight corner with a chuckle.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES OBTUARIES SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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Deaths

BAL-DIMEN - Anemia, 70% of Population New Yorker deaths amounting to 54.7 million in July 31, 2026, in a population of 1,000,000, and 1,000,000, and 1,000,000, respectively, in the unit for misses in October and March were found

EVANS - Las Grimas, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker

FORTY-LOW-JEFFRE

Jennett & Fawcett, a former president of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of

GREENE - Ames, of a large location New York, and Fawcett, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker, and Cooke, New Yorker

Deaths

Bert, the former founded in 1933, was a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of the New York Times, and a member of

GREENE - Ames,

of a large, large, and large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

GREENE - Ames, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and

Deaths

cherished, grandfather and grandchildren, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and

THE LEARN - Heather Gutter, a great, prominent, well known and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known

THE LEARN - Heather Gutter, a great, prominent, well known and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known

LEVINE - Martin Hittler, a great, prominent, well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known

LEVINE - Martin Hittler, a great, prominent, well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known

Deaths

Bastons, Russell Eccels, a great Eccels, Arnold Eccels, Earl Harris, John Eccels, William

Lions, Barker Schwartz, Willow Schaff, Barker Wessman, Jett

is short 20 years and occurred 1,000 years and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1,000 years, and 1

ANSPIC - Andrew

Jennett, a great, prominent, well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known, and well known

THE NEW YORK TIMES, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

ROBERTS - Bill Marbert, Jr., 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

Deaths

WARM - Andrew, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

LAVA - Barker, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

SCHWARZ - Allison, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

WARM - Alexander, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

Deaths

WARRANT - J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

SMITH - Elsmith, of a large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large, large

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and

GREENE - Jerr S., CFPB, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and

WARRANT - Jerr S., CFPB, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

Deaths

Stevens, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th

No Resection

ACKERMAN - Martin S., CFPB, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th

REVISION - David Malcolm, CFPB, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th

CONFIDENCE OF CATHOLINE - THE NEW YORK TIMES, 1980, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st, 32nd, 33rd, 34th, 35th, 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, 49th, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 55th, 56th, 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 62nd, 63rd, 64th, 65th, 66th, 67th, 68th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, 73rd, 74th, 75th, 76th, 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th, 81st, 82nd, 83rd, 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, 88th, 89th, 90th, 91st, 92nd, 93rd, 94th, 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, 99th

Honor your loved ones in our pages.

redwoods@thepalace.com

1. 2017年1月1日

The New York Times

The New York Times

The New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times, and the New York Times,

In memoriam.

In The New York Times.

To honor your loved one in these pages, contact us.

nytimes@classifiedsplus.com 1-800-458-5522

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Source: https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/ymjx0017

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28

H

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Introducing nothing at all.

Same ingredients. Same recipes. Now Non-UPF Verified.™

After careful consideration and extensive third-party review, we're proud to confirm that Simple Mills® has changed nothing.

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---

IDEAS | PERSONALITIES

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

4 CLASSICAL

An opera about a trans pioneer's life 'is never going to be as relevant as it is right NOW.' BY MAX KELLER

7 TELEVISION

Hannah Waddingham is ruthless on 'Ted Lasso.' But off camera, she's 'quite a goofy nugget.' BY ELEANOR STANFORD

8 FILM

John Leguizamo on his role in 'The Odyssey,' including the scene with the puppy. BY RYLE BUCHANAN

9 ART

The curtain rises on a posthumous career-defining architectural work by Zaha Hadid. BY JOSEPH SCHWENKEL

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2 AR

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

Inside Culture

THIS WEEK FROM THE ARTUULUS

IN THE ISSUE

Most pointe shoes and ballet slippers are manufactured in a pale pink. But New York City Ballet's repertoire requires a number of hues. From his tiny serie at Lincoln Center, Tim Foster, the company's first full-time shoe colorist, sprays and doubts hundreds of shoes each season. It is a delicate art. "It has to be right," Foster says, "because it's their sacred tool." PAGE 5

STREAMING

Before 'The Odyssey,' and Others

By JASON T. BAILEY

Admirers of Christopher Nolan will find a bounty of his titles on Hulu: Stream "Memento," an inventive mystery presented in reverse; the space epic "Interstellar," featuring a sensitive performance by Matthew McConaughey; and more.

'Memento' (2000)

Christopher Nolan's second feature — and first big hit — is an expertly constructed windup toy of a movie, spinning sheer exhilaration out of a fairly simple promise: A man with short-term memory two (Guy Pearce) tries to solve his wife's murder. But Nolan augments the storytelling with a stylistic flourish, presenting it in reverse chronological order, so that in each new scene, the viewer is an uncertain about what's happening on the protagonist. Replace with one-one styling and a cast of top-notch character actors (including Joe Pareshano, Curtis-Anne Moss and Stephen Tchelowsky), "Memento" is a deliciously inventive mystery with a potent dose of melancholy right under its surface.

'The Prestige' (2006)

Between his first and second cracks at Batman films, the director Christopher Nolan slid to this twisty, stylish exercise in sleight-of-hand movi-

movismaking, as if to assure the fans of his break-through movie, "Memento," that he was still up to his old tricks. This time around, the tricks are literal. In "The Prestige," Nolan tells the story of two stage magicians in 2006: London, whose friendly rivalry first becomes braggit, then deadly. Hugh Jackman and Christian Bale scheme and comists appropriately in the leading roles; a standout supporting cast includes Michael Caine, Scarlett Johansson, Rebecca Hall and David Bowie. (If you like dark thrillers, stream "Black Swan" or "Presence.")

'Black Panther' (2018)

Regarded as the finest Marvel movie to date, "Black Panther" pays lip service to its own Cinematic Universe, but it also transcends the limitations of contemporary blockbusters. The director Ryan Coogler ("Sinners," "Creed"), with his rich visual template that is steeped in the aesthetics of Abolhuration, deserves much of the credit. And in

the character of Kiliminger (played with both menace and pale by Michael B. Jordan), Coogler gives us an antagonist of genuine strength and complexity. The makes are so high and the canvas so grand and the conflict and climax carry real weight. But it is also good, old-fashioned entertainment, as indebted to Band and Hospitalation as to its comic-book contemporaries. (For more Marvel action, stream "Iron Man" and "Captain America: The First Avenger.")

'Interstellar' (2014)

When Christopher Nolan directs a space epic, you can be certain it won't be just a space epic. His 2014 blockbuster isn't merely science fiction; it is, per our critic, "a sweeping, futuristic adventure driven by grief, dread and regret." Matthew McConaughey turns in one of his most sensitive performances to date as an astronaut sent on a complex mission of alien communication, while Anne Hathaway turns what could have been a drab sidekick role into a wrenching portrait of regret.

'Mamma Mia!' (2008)

The long-running Broadway jukebox musical, featuring the rappy music of the 'On pop group Abba, was something of a punchline for New Yorkers, a gave example of how far the Great White Way had gone in its relentless pursuit of tourist dollars. But the hit film adaptation (directed, as the stage production was, by Phyllida Lloyd) is altogether irresistible, offering up the peculiar but unthorable pleasure of heavy weight therapists like Meryl Streep, Stefan Skarsgård and Amanda Seyfried indulging their inner theater fail. It was such a hit that most of the major players returned a decade later for "Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again" (also streaming on Hulu), and while it doesn't quite match the frothy pleasures of the original, it does add Chet, and that's not nothing.

THE QUEUE

I'm a breaking news correspondent for The New York Times based in London. Once I've filed my final story for the day, I make sure to take some time to detach from the news cycle completely. Here are five things that recently sparked joy for me. 120 SAVOS

PREACHER'S DAUGHTER ALBUM

I've been on a Gothic-themed culture kick. I've enjoyed everything from admiring architecture to reading haunting Victorian novels. When it comes to music, no one does it better than Ethel Cain, queen of the Southern Gothic architects. "Preacher's Daughter," her 2022 album, narrates an entire fictional universe set in Alabama. I saw her perform in Barcelona in June.

Ethel Cain performing this year.

OPEN HOUSE FESTIVAL ARCHITECTURE

Every September, hundreds of London's closed-off architectural gems — from unassuming apartments to active power stations — fling their doors open to the public as part of a magnificent citywide architecture-fronted. And every summer around this time, I set myself a reminder to book my firm tickets, as slots for the most coveted buildings fill up weeks in advance.

MEET ME IN THE '80S MUSIC

A former Gap employee spent years meticulously tracking down every compilation album played in the retailer's U.S. stores during the 1990s, and he created this Spotify playlist that I cannot stop listening to. The tracks sound as if they were selected by the head office to persuade mail shoppers to buy live-size jeans. Perfect decompression music.

DEAR ENGLAND THEATUR/TELEVISION

This BBC TV series started life as a play about the captains of the England men's soccer team. It's not something I would usually gravitate toward, but it blew me away. Yes, it's about sports. But it's also about the national psychodrama that develops England every few summers when the team is competing.

"Dear England" at the National Theater.

FIFI O BLAENAU FILM

I started my journalism career in Wales, so I'll always have a soft spot for anything Welsh. This film tells the story of Effi, a young woman in a former slate-stating town in the remote northwest. It's entirely in Welsh and is part of a stunning cultural revival of the language.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

A8 3

Headliner

MY TEN

Will Poulter Knows Some Good Spots to Eat

Will Poulter has looked at the opioid epidemic from both sides — as a pharmaceutical rep pushing a new drug, Oxy-Contin, in “Dopesick,” the 2021 Hulu series, and now as an addict in rural Ohio navigating a state-mandated rehabilitation program in the movie “Union County,” out Aug. 14. Poulter lives in London but recently spent time in New Jersey shooting “Rabbit, Rabbit,” a Netflix hostage thriller starring Adam Driver. He also appeared earlier this year in the Boots Riley film “I Love Boosters.” But it’s FX’s “The Bear,” in which he plays a pastry chef from Copenhagen, that he considers life-changing. “I always said if I wasn’t an actor, I would’ve loved to have gone to culinary school and tried my hand at making it as a chef,” Poulter said in a video call. These are edited excerpts from the conversation.

KATHRYN SHAFTUCK

1 Seline and Pospili in Santa Monica

Both of these restaurants belong to Dave Boran, who I got the opportunity to train under in preparation for “The Bear.” In recent weeks he won Best Chef: California at the James Beard Awards, and he got his first Michelin star for Seline.

2 Anti-Bullying Program

They’re an amazing organization based here in the U.K., but their program’s available internationally and is growing. Their approach to bullying is not one of treatment or reactive, but rather prevention through a peer-to-peer mentorship program. They train young people to create kinder, safer, happier, more conscious social environments within schools.

3 ‘Unreasonable Hospitality’ By Will Guidara

I get the chance to work with Will [a former owner of Eleven Madison Park], and his philosophy is amazing. I recommend “Unreasonable Hospitality” to everyone, not because it requires you to be interested in the world of hospitality as we know it, but because the principles can be applied to virtually every relationship in your life. It really emphasizes the power of small gestures and random acts of kindness.

4 Courtesy Storer

Her brother Chris Storer is the showrunner of “The Bear,” and Courtesy is really head of food, if you like, and therefore is charge of probably the most important character. She is the person who bought me my first-ever professional piece of cookware — a pair that you use almost exclusively for cooking French omelets. She deserves her flowers.

5 City Harvest

They’re in the business of food recovery and making sure that surplus food is redistributed to people who are experiencing food immunity. You can volunteer to help at their facility in New York.

“The cast of “Love on the Spectrum” reaffirmed my faith in humanity and made me feel proud to be human.”

6 Sip & Guzzie in the West Village

Just a really, really special bar doing really, really delicious food in New York. Their team embody the best of what it is to be hospitable and make people feel comfortable. The cocktails are amazing, and the food is absolutely out of this world. Upstairs you feel like you are in an American tavern, and then you go downstairs and it feels like you could be in Tokyo.

7 Hoyo’s Kitchen in Columbus, Ohio

It’s delicious Somalian cuisine, and they were our favorite spot to go on the weekend. They also catered for an award one of the last days of filming “Union County.” It was easily, with an abovipent to our catering team, one of the most exciting days on set.

8 Gnuhr

This is a fairly recent discovery, but now I am just absolutely obsessed with this company. I stopped a guy in the airport to ask him where his sweater was from because he looked so cozy, and I’m a big fan of cozy travel wear. Their products are really, really beautiful, really, really well crafted and well designed.

9 ‘Love on the Spectrum’

The show really has highlighted just so much kindness and brought so much understanding to the subject of autism. As someone who’s not on the spectrum, I learned a great deal from how award-winning folks treat each other with so much respect. The cast of “Love on the Spectrum” reaffirmed my faith in humanity and made me feel proud to be human.

10 Rainbow Railroad

They are an incredible organization committed to supporting queer folks who are experiencing often state-sanctioned presentation for their sexual orientation in many, many countries. They’re in the business of supporting them to seek asylum and reach safety. It’s arguably one of the most important times in history to be thinking about the L.G.B.T.Q. + community in respect to their safety.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Classical

A Fluid Opera Of Transitions

'Lili Elbe,' a story about one of the first people to undergo gender-affirming surgery, stars a trans woman in the title role.

By MAX KELLER

There are many terms in music with the next "trans." Notes can be transformed, or rearranged. Chords can be transposed, or shifted up and down.

There are also titles of works like Richard Strauss's "Death and Transfiguration" and Arnold Schoenberg's "Transfigured Night."

When composing his opera "Lili Elbe" Tobias Picker drew open many of them terror and techniques. But the one most important to his score is "transition."

In "Lili Elbe," which is having its American premiere at the Santa Fe Opera this weekend, the transitional passages aren't just connective, as they usually would be in an opera score. Instead, Picker said, "transitional music becomes thematic music, and thematic music becomes transitional." One gives the work a propulsive, ever-changing sound.

It's fitting that transitions would be so significant, what Picker called the "structural honor" of the opera. "Lili Elbe" blames a gender transition. The opera, with a libretto by Aryeh Lev Hadhean, is based on the story of Lili Der Elevenz, or Lili Elbe, a transgender woman living in Paris in the 1920s. Lili's story is also the subject of "The Danish Girl" (2003), a film starring Eddie Bednayne, based on David Ebersdorf's fictionalized account.

Elbe, a Danish landscape painter here Einar Wegener, was one of the earliest recipients of gender-affirming surgery. Lili (sung by the harbour Lucas Lucas) was married to the artist Gerds Wegener (the soprano Sylvia D'Eranes), who often need her as a model. Like many of this that inspire operas, Elbe's had a tragic ending. In 1931, at the Dresdner Women's Clinic, she had an experimental uterine transplant, which led to complications and her death.

For his libretto, Hadhean, who is Picker's husband as well as his collaborator, turned to primary sources, including Elbe's posthumously published memoir "Man Into Woman." Written in Danish, the memoir has three main translations — two in English, one in German. "They're all a little bit different," Hadhean said. These inconsistencies, combined with Lili's tendency to exaggerate, made Hadhean's task challenging.

His solution was to learn into myth, specifically the tale of Orpheus and Eurydice, which has a long tradition in opera. (One of the earliest operas is Monteverdi's "L'Other" and composers from Gluck to Offenbach to Matthew Austin have written Orpheus operas.) "Orpheus was the instrument of transition for Eurydice," Hadhean said, bringing her back from the underworld. "She was making a transition, from death into life."

"Lili Elbe" opens with a play within an opera — Lili and Gerds attend an Orpheus play with dissonant, chance-based music as an early 20th-century style.

The myth doesn't map one-to-one onto this story. At different moments, Lili and Gerds each resemble Orpheus. In one scene, Lili says, "Einar Wegener is out of the living anymore." And while Orpheus looks with Picker said: "Lili never looks back. Lili is always going forward."

Despite that, Lili still holds certain ideas of her time: She believes that to be a woman she must marry a man and have children. "She crosses her own dilemma," Picker said. "The conflict leads to the sequence of events

"When I came out, there weren't openly trans opera singers."

Top from left: the soprano Sylvia D'Eranes and Lucia Lucas, a harbour, the composer Tobias Picker at the Santa Fe Opera, where "Lili Elbe" is having its American debut. Above, Roberto Kalb rehearsing the orchestra for "Lili Elbe" as Picker looks on. Right, Lili Elbe is an undated photograph.

that ends in her death."

The Santa Fe production of "Lili Elbe" comes 30 years after Picker's first opera, "Emmeline," premiered at Santa Fe. Set in a small New England town, "Emmeline" is a retelling of the Indigest myth from the mother's point of view.

There are similarities between these operas' becomes: "They're both strong women who, in the end, make a choice, a fateful choice," Picker said.

"Emmeline" was praised for its tumultuous. These days, Picker said, "I think of my music so being usual adjacent." In "Lili Elbe," he added: "The music has fiddily. It moves easily between tantality and one-tentally!" Singable melodies still abound, including D'Eranes's arts "I love a Woman," which can easily get stuck in a former's head.

From the beginning, Picker had Lucas, a trans woman, in mind for the lead role. "What I hear in Lucas's voice is difficult to explain simply because it is so utterly unique," he said.

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He met Lucas when he was casting a 2010 production of Mozart's "Don Giovanni" for Tulsa Opera, where he was the artistic director. (Lucas sang the title role.) He said he was immediately impressed by her "vocal power and artistic nuance."

Like Elbe, Lucas is a traditional: "When I came out, there weren't openly trans opera singers," she said. "I know some people, a decade or two older than me, who were trans their entire life. They just came out after their career was done."

Lucas, who is married to the contraba Arsana Lucas, saw parodels to her life in Elbe's story. "The way that I came out was at this opera half in 2016," she said. "My wife went wearing a Martine Dietrich-type outfit with a little top hat, and I was wearing a dress. People recognized my wife before they recognized me, and it was great to see their reaction."

A similar scene occurs in "Lili Elbe," when Lili attends a gallery opening in feminine attire. Some lines from the libretto, like "I'll marry you again," were even borrowed from Lucas's life.

We don't know what the historical Elbe's voice sounded like. In "Man Into Woman," Elbe says that after her architecture (a procedure to remove one or bothArticles), she developed a "soprano" voice, seemingly overnight, which makes for a good story, but would be a medical first.

"When transomnian becomes a dominant hormone, the voice can drop," Lucas said. "But it's just a one-way stress." Voices don't aw-drug, though voice training and something called voice feminization surgery can make them slightly higher.

Throughout the opera, Lucas's voice stays low, though she sings higher when Lili is overjoyed or sucked. "I never try to go into falsetto, but I do sort of a vote mirror," she said, or "robust voice."

Lucas's involvement in "Lili Elbe" makes it perhaps the first large-scale opera about a transgender historical figure performed by a transgender singer. (She also serves as the productors's dramaturg.) A precursor was Laura Kantinsky's chamber opera "no One." Picker said that he (he premiere, in Switzerland in 2023, and for the foreseeable future, he stipulated the role of Lili Elbe had to be sung by a trans performer. Maybe at some point a (ingender person could do it, he said, "but the learning curve would be living.")

Picker, too, experienced a learning curve writing "Lili Elbe." Though he said he was familiar with the feeling of being outside the mainstream, "Being and feeling offered is what we have in common," said Picker, who added that he had grown up gay and Jewish with Tournier's syndrome.

"When we opened it in fall 2023, we thought, 'This opera is never going to be as relevant as it is right now,'" Lucas said. But with trans rights under attack, it feels especially steady now.

Picker, though, emphasizes the opera's broad appeal: "I think the piece exists outside of time and current events. It's a story that anybody can relate to. Marriage and divorce and falling in love and dying. These are universal themes."

By focusing on "human emotions that touch us," Lucas said, "that's one of the things that 'Lili' does, is the piece subgroups advocacy."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

A8 5

Dance

Painter's Canvases Scamper and Fly Onstage

Tim Foster is a shoe colorist for New York City Ballet, an artist and a calming presence.

By MARGARET FUMBER

If you take the elevator at the David H. Koch Theater at Lincoln Center as high as it will go, then climb another flight of stairs and walk down a timber-black hallway, you will reach a small space that looks like a cross between an artist's studio and a chemistry lab. This is where Tim Foster passes ballet shoes.

To be a shoe colorist for New York City Ballet, as Foster has been for 15 years, is to occupy a small yet important niche. Most points shoes and ballet slippers are manufactured in a pale pink. But the company's repertoire requires a number of lines, like canary yellow for the ensemble of Marzipan Shepherdsmen in "The Nutcracker," or powdery blue for the Butterfly soloist in "A Midsummer Night's Dream."

In his late series, Foster — the company's first full-time shoe colorist — sprays and diodes hundreds of shoes each season. It is a delicate art. He must match costume colors exactly, so that the increase doesn't break the continuous line of the leg. And paint must be applied sparingly, painstaking.

Naoori Corti, a City Ballet soloist, said in a video interview that she now visited Foster before nearly every show — to get her shoes touched up, yes, but also just to talk. Lincoln and thoughtful, Foster has a knock for soothing preperformance jitters.

"He always knows what to say because he's one of us, a dancer," she said. "It's this very calming presence. He's like the heartbeat of the theater."

As a dancer, Foster was both an early and a late bloomer. His father was in a country western band, and as a child, Foster and the daughter of the guitarist would sometimes dance for the crowds at harbours and country clubs in the Pacific Northwest. By junior high, he was organizing lunchtime dances at school, bringing out a judetess in the cafeteria. "You would grab your girlfriend and do the bungalow or the chair," Foster said.

But he had no formal dance training until he enrolled at Lane Community College in Eugene, Ore., and began performing in musicals. That was how he met his future wife, Nickie (Craft) was her surname, at the times, an accomplished dancer and choreographer. "She told me: 'You want to dance? Well, you'd better get in class," he said. He began studying ballet and modern and was soon nursing lead roles in local theater productions.

ingly, so as not to change the feel of the shoe on the foot.

As a former professional dancer, Foster, 73, understands the makes. "When they give you their points shoes to men or to dye, that is a responsibility I take very seriously," he said in a video interview. "It has to be right, because it's their sacred tool. It's their violin. It's their other."

For years, almost nobody outside City Ballet knew that Foster or his job existed. Then the documentary filmmaker Joshua Charow, who often profiles among heroes, stumbled across a City Ballet blog post that mentioned Foster's work. "Right away, I was fascinated," Charow said in a video interview. "But I couldn't find any other information about him."

Earlier this year, Charow connected with Foster and filmed him discussing his past as a dancer and his work with City Ballet. Charow was delighted to discover that Foster had also been quietly making visual artwork. His shoe-painting station is lined with white paper that becomes spattered with different colors over time. No uses pieces of that paper to create hatched, Changli-esque scenes, incorporating the residual splintless of shoe paint.

For 15 years, Tim Foster, sleeve right, has painted the shoes for New York City Ballet dancers. He must match costume colors exactly to maintain the continuous line of the leg. Foster also reason the paint-squatored paper from his work station to create his own art, bottom left.

Caring for dancers' 'sacred tool,' a calling described in a new film.

"I just start sketching over the top of the paper that kept all the splinters and marks," Foster says in Charow's documentary. "Shoes for Tim," which came out in July, "I love myself in it."

Foster's job has become hunter recently. Pink shoes, meant to approximate skin color, used to be a thallie costume default. But a few years ago, City Ballet became one of several ballet tringers to retitute "ballet pink," adopting truly first-named between instead. Today, each company member has a shoe shade custom-matched in their skin. That requires a lot of painting.

In 1988, the couple moved to New York City. Foster eventually began dancing with the New York City Opera, now disintered—performing on the same Lincoln Center stage as New York City Ballet — and also in the market to the city and to tour. "I was doing a lot of things all at once," he said.

That stopped when Nickie was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2004. "The dance work suddenly felt less important," Foster said, bowling stability, he got a job in the wardrobe department at City Opera. Later he began working with City Ballet, dressing the children in "The Nutcracker."

His shoe-painting career was accidental. For a while dancers had colored their own shoes, but that led to inconsistencies in foot and appearance. "They said, 'Could you do the painting?' And I said, 'I guess,'" Foster said.

Though he had no art training or experience coloring shoes, Foster found he had a gift for matching shades. "I can figure out what makes that gray different from a regular gray," he said. "Is it that it has green in it? Pink in it? Purple in it?"

The ballots that involve the most painting, Foster said, are the big story produc-

tions: "The Nutcracker." "A Midsummer Night's Dream." But one of the trickiest is Jerome Robbins's "The Convex." He has to match the consumer: sheer blue lights, which allow the dancers' natural and colorless peek through — meaning that each dancer requires a slightly different shade. "You're taking that blue color and stretching it with a neutral, so it's a film of blue," he said. "That took me a long time to figure out."

Foster has become an insurance in his small field, partly because he understands how to make dancers look and feel beautiful. Corti said he would sometimes "control" her points shoes, painting portions of the same slightly darker to make her arch appear more luxuriously curved. Once, she came to him upset about her shoes for a "Coppellar" one, which were coated in a thick gray paint that made them inflexible. "It's a big image part, and it was so hard to do in this crunchy shoe," she said.

The next day, Foster brought her a pair of shoe she called "Cinderella slippers," with a light coating of silver. "I wasn't cramping any more — everything felt so much better," she said. "He changed my experience of that ballet."

Over the past few years, Foster has returned to dancing. He's wife eventually recovered from breast cancer, but in 2015 he, too, received a cancer diagnosis. Treatment required removing much of the muscle from the back of his right thigh. As he recovered, dancing helped him return his body.

"I started over, doing my own barre work, just trying not to get stuck," he said. "Walking was the hardest thing to do, actually. I can always manage to dance."

Now he tries to dance as often as possible — sometimes with Nickie, who is "strong as an on," he said. (She works at City Ballet, in customer service.) The documentary even prompted a homecoming of sorts, with Charow filming a poetic sequence in which Foster dances on the Koch Theater stage for the first time in 25 years.

When Foster began making his shoe-paper paintings, he had no intention of selling or displaying them. "I didn't really take it seriously," he said. "I'd paint them, roll them up, forget about them." He has given a few to dancers as gifts, including one to the City Ballet star Megan Fairchild when she moved earlier this year. And he gave one to Charow — packaged nearly to points shoe shipping bags and tied with a shoe ribbon.

Since the release of the documentary, Foster has been surprised and moved by viewers' enthusiastic responses to his artwork. "People seem to really enjoy these paintings, which sort of stopped me in my tracks," he said. He's now considering a showing of what he did. Corti told, City Ballet's Art Series asks a visual artist to make one-specific work for the theater. Corti said she would love for Foster to get that invitation.

Charow's documentary caught Foster just in time. He's planning to retire soon. But first he hopes to train new shoe colorists. The goal, he said, is to create the smallest possible ripple of disruption in the dancers' lives.

"I know how live theater shows everything out of you, even as it feeds you," he said. "Those of us behind the scenes, we just want to make it possible for the dancers to let go and dance."

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6 AM

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

Pop

Love Transforms a Heartbreak Specialist

Sam Smith, known for songs about romantic disappointment, has a new album that's full of joy and contentment.

'Wordly, in this crazy song of an island, I have found peace.'

By MELENA BYZER

When the singer Sam Smith gets stage fright before a concert, which is always, they envision the universe in all its vastness. 'How big the world is, how high the moon is,' Smith said. 'How small I am, and how small this room is that I'm performing in, even if it's an arena, I look down on it from above and instead myself that this is OK, and I'm safe.'

Smith dreamed of pop stardom since childhood and achieved it by 22. Starting a worldwide smash, 'Stay With Me,' in 2014, they have been a global pleasure ever since, with a lucreas, octave-breeding tester that elicits skills and tests in equal measure. And yet, 'I really struggle,' Smith told me one recent sumy afternoon. 'Singing for me is an incredibly personal thing. You don't hear me singing unless I have to.'

At 34, Smith has spent the past three or so years burrowing into that need, as their life turned somersaults. They moved to New York from their native England, for a boy, the farthest designer Christian Cowan, who has now, Smith revealed to me with a giddy smile, officially become a fiancé.

Smith's new album, 'Hazel Eyes,' scheduled to be released on Aug. 21, starts the course of their romance quite clearly. Smith began composing the yearning first track, 'Everlasting Love.' But night before their first date with Cowan, and finished it deep in cospitation. As a crooner known for heartbreak ballads, this was morose: their first time writing 'about required love' as they put it at a sidecar door in San Francisco after this year — proudly, and pointedly, celebrating a queer relationship.

It's also the first record Smith has made fully on their own terms, outside the formal structures of the music industry — the teams of songwriters in polished studios, the rounds of A&B notes — with hatedeter-wine scathident their career. Instead, housed by making a similar long with 'Unlucky,' their 2020 Grammy-winning No. 1ist with Kim Petras, Smith squirmed away with new collaborators, like the indie-rockin-Peirs, producing a dozen dreamy tracks with a full gospel choir and a more hand-crafted sound. (Literally, it's the only album Smith has ever played an instrument on, the piano.)

And Smith's adapted home provided an unexpected lift — as a queer artist, as a partner, as a person longing to contemplate, care and be understood. 'Being in New York, I'm not the only freak on the street,' they said, as we perched over fluty waters,

then martinis, at Julius', the historic gay bar in Greenwich Village that is one of Smith's favorite hangouts. 'I'm surrounded daily by people that are too much. And I mean too much as a compliment.'

'Worcely, in this crazy song of an island, I have found peace,' Smith added.

Which is not to say that 'Hazel Eyes' (their fifth album, and named for Cowan's eye color) is pure contentment. There are darker moments, lyrics that flick at deep-tone and pain, production that sounds like impending thunder. We listened to it at Electric Lady, the mered studio in the West Village where Smith recorded some tracks; they closed their eyes as they heard the ups and downs. At low's peak, 'you're like, is this too good in its true?' they said. Smashing in that duality was intentional. 'I feel all types of things all the time,' Smith said. 'In my happiest moments, I can get really out.'

An album made in the regular pop machinery might have breathed that became away. But Smith has a new clarity and confidence, friends and peers observed, in not blurring all the edges. 'Since that's move to New York, I feel like they really embrace the creative eccentricities more,' said Simon Akford, a Manchester-based songwriter and producer who first met Smith at 21, and who worked on their MacRheeter shop, 'In the Lonely Hour' and on 'Hazel Eyes.' 'They've been given free role on this album to be really, the voice that I know, that I've sat in a room with.'

Newfound Serenity

For years, Smith's fans have subbed and rang along to the singer's chart-signing uniforms of joking for a cheating lever. ('I'm Not the Only One'), of Smith self-subtenge ('Too Good at Goodbyes'), of one-night stands that could mean more (the Grammy-winning 'Stay with Me') . So when Smith stood outstage, in their small-bar-ruel corner of the universe at a series of sold-out residences in New York late last year, and then in San Francisco to introduce a new number called 'My Guy,' the audience members very nearly held their breath.

'I feel good, I feel happy,' Smith, in scuffed brown denim, announced one winner night at the Warone, a club in Brooklyn where Smith played 24 shows. In San Francisco, where Smith was the first performer to reopen the landmark Castro Theater Center its renovation, they went further: 'It really feels like a lifetime I've waited to sing a song like this.'

As hoppy swear, with a den-vega lift, 'My Guy' was created in one full rush, 'born at

this genuine, blooming awareness that has had met their person,' said Fein, a co-writer on the track, along with the emotional multi-instrumentalist Shahzad Ismaily.

The finished song couldn't top Smith's original exuberance — 'he's mine, mine, mine!' — so the vocals are from the initial demo. 'This might be the first album' of many future weddings, 'queer or straight,' Fein predicted.

That Smith's newfound serenity is coming at a moment when the rights of gay and especially transgender people — 'But the came out as nonbinary in 2010 — are under annual! in net, of course, lost on them. Smith has been an outspoken member of the gay community since their 2014 debut album — naturally so far the pop world at the time (and sometimes inexpertly, too). Two years ago, they starved an L.G.B.'(1). A supporting charity, the Pink House Foundation. But in an artist they also have their own statement.

'For me, there's something radical about being queer in this time, in this world, and singing how songs,' Smith said. Joy artist strife is an act of resistance, they concluded, saying, 'I'm not going to allow the person that I read and that I see to affect my way of loving.'

And that their retro-sounding role, down to the girl group-esque background vocals, is about queer love? When Smith performed it, complete with cute choreographed hand flicks and an eight-piece band, at the Castro — San Francisco's his-

The singer Sam Smith at a recent performance, above, and below, at the Apollo Theater in New York in 2014. 'For me, there's something radical about being queer in this time, in this world, and singing how songs,' Smith said.

toric gay epicenter — it looked as if the whole crowd was arts-in-arm, swaying, hugging, rooting for them. Everyone wanted Sam Smith to finally realize this bliss.

'I've spent an many times crying to that song,' Smith had told me in our first interview in May. 'It felt like a reward from the hard work of loving someone.'

Smith was dressed down but still had a striking presence, like a redwood. 4-foot-2, with runser hair and an upturned plume of a mustache they were when in thought. They are so vivacious and playful as their music is smooth. 'Stand out of addictive to be around,' Fein said. 'So optimistic and so positive, and uplifting everyone in the room.'

Over the past few months I sat for two-interviews with Smith, watched them perform with Brandt Carlile and Ed Sheeran in Brooklyn, vamp in leather hat pants and thigh-high boots at the Castro and give a bearerish mini-concert at the Stonewall National Monument during Pride weekend, 5/22. I was surprised by how open and engaged with the city they were (with an Instagram account devoted to Smith exploits), how unabashedly they moved around despite attracting attention. 'I'll never walked down the street with someone that would leave a ripple,' Fein said.

Some of Smith's minuses worry about them, as a highly visible nonbinary musician. 'This cultural climate has a mandate of care for absolutely nobody,' said Amdoo, the visionary singer-songwriter and artist, whom Smith considers a queer-consciousness locomotive. 'They are a very sadnessingly kind person.' Amdoo said of Smith, 'so innocent, you know! And I'm older, and I've seen a few seasons of this now.'

But, she added, 'Sam is incredibly resilient. And resilience is a strength that understands its own vulnerability.'

A Voice for the Ages

Smith was raised in a village near Cambridge, England, in a pink house, by fields and rivers where they would escape, alone, to recharge. 'I would just go off walking for two, three hours,' they said. 'I talked to trees.' (Cowan lived 20 minutes away, but the two met online, in New York, four years ago.) Even now, the wardrobe in Smith's refuge — they said to ten imagery in all over the album — and they are detest with maritime tattoos, including an anchor at the base of their throes.

Smith came out as gay at 10 years old, to friends and a suggestive family, with two younger sisters. Their mother, the breadwinner, worked in banking, and their father was 'A householdand,' they said, and a caretaker. Their maternal grandmother and some figured prominently too. 'I grew up in a very emotionally changed, femme world,' Smith said.

As open as young Smith was, wearing makeup and flower pins to school, they didn't know other gay people. 'All I had was my drive in my headphones,' they said. Mariah Carey was the gateway. 'Here's was the first song Smith performed publicly, with a classmate. At 13 or so, they went to a concert by their singing teacher, Ioanna Eden, a jazz vocalist. It was just in a theater lobby, but she performed with such evident bliss. 'I was like, that's what I want to do,' Smith recalled.

They had already started writing songs, about boys and longing — 'overdramatizing,' they said, laughing.

Sources arrived quickly, after they moved to London and supplied soulful vocals on a leading track by the aftertime's duo Disclosure in 2012. By 2016, they had won four Granteys and an Oscar (for 'Wishing Out the Wall,' a song for the Jazies Band film 'Spectre').

The depth of their ambition distinguished them early, Akford said. 'Sam just had a drive,' he said. 'I was kind of taken aback by the drive, to be hound. And the voice!'

Smith's range, from earthy gravel to falsetto, scored other artists too. 'The natural expression, the timber, the scale and the ease of it,' marveled Fein, who had never co-written with anyone before. (Smith invited her through an Instagram DM.)

Smith's vision first been to follow fruit on the cheekily manchy for 'Cribbly,' which Smith called a turning point. ('It sounds like the truth in that we ever had as a song,' as The New York Times critic Lindsay Skidell put it.) But in the studio, Smith said, it ran into opposition.

'There was a lot of straight male voices in that room,' they said. 'Some people didn't get it, didn't think it could be on the record.'

Smith said French provided, driven by their connection to the sound. 'I used to dance in my bedroom all the time in my room, without a return to the mirror — I felt like that when I listened to the song,' Smith said, adding, 'In a never environment, me and Kim stood up and stuck our tongues out. Just reused. And that's part of queer power, you know.'

Smith harassed that in recording 'Hazel Eyes,' in unexpected ways. 'Oh Mother! a theatrical, rollicking track that flicka at both Smith's maternal lineage and queer welcome of 'mother,' was 'the biggest fall and measure of a song to climb,' Smith said. They read their vocals several times, dissatisfied with the energy. Finally, though no longer a smoker, they grabbed a pair of cigarettes, 'designed their skin full and added the to also managed to get a bottle of whiskey,' Akford recalled. 'I have never seen anyone give as much to a vocal in my life.'

Smith no longer has their high notes the same way, their vocal command has changed with age and experience. They once punished about that. But now, when they listen to their voice on this sound of an album, 'It's sunless me,' Smith said. 'You hear life within the instrument.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

48 7

Television

Playing a merciless character on "Ted Lasso" adds to a performer's legacy.

'I Like Using Every Part of Myself'

Hannah Waddingham is a rare British star to beat a path from musical theater to the screen.

By ELEANOR STANFORD

LONDON — Hannah Waddingham stopped in her tracks when she heard a leader singing "Kansas City" by Leiber and Snider.

It was a busy summer afternoon on the south bank of the Thames in London, and a swarm of tourists and schoolchildren mostly streamed past without looking at the man streamning on a guitar.

But the actress, resplendent in a following must show as the breeze also tripped through her blonde belt, started dancing to the rolling rhythm and singing along "I'm going to Kansas City, Kansas City here I come."

"I just want to get involved," she laughed. "I'm like, 'Budge up on the mix, hedge up!'"

Standing it but 2 inches in both, Waddingham, 32, is used to turning heads: Cynthia Erivo, a friend for more than a decade, described her as "cinnamon in nature and in spirit and proud of it," adding, "It's a thrill to watch her in action."

The passers-by-wits were giving her impromptu riverbank singalong various glances seemed to agree. They might have recognized her from TV shows like "Sex Education" and "Ted Lasso," but Waddingham also has a four-stares vocal range and is a rare British screen star who started out in musical theater.

"How funny, of all the songs he could have been playing," she said after giving the musician a tip and continuing on along the river.

Not only is the 1952 hours track one of her favorites, the upcoming season of "Ted Lasso," in which Waddingham plays the soccer club owner Rebecca Wotton, opens in Kansas City.

After three seasons coaching A.F.C. Richmond, Ted (James Saddato) is now back in his home state. That is, until Rebecca visits to persuade him to return to London and take on a new coaching challenge. Richman/Is women's team.

Rebecca is "on him to write," according to Browden Hunt, a "Ted Lasso" co-cruiser. "because she's at a terror of positives and don't give a longshrewd news." Starting out as the shows "bad guy," Rebecca was also "the biggest role to cast," he said. And when they found Waddingham, Hunt recalled thinking: "Oh, finally OK, this is great," because she could go too to toe with it."

The third season of the gently philosophical show was 2023's most watched streaming original show, according to data from Nielsen. Many thought it would be the show's last, but the fourth season — which comes to Apple TV on Wednesday — looks off a new team of characters' stories.

The female players and especially their assistant coach, Alice, also bring out something in Rebecca. Waddingham said earlier that day over a breakfast of coffee, pressed juice and chorizo back. Alice, played by Tanya Reynolds, surrogates the male-dominated soccer world with much less glamour and chores than Rebecca, and initially "there's a friction and frontiness" between the pair, Waddingham explained.

But as always on "Ted Lasso," there is also growth, and after being a "sought repel" in Season 1, Waddingham said, Rebecca continues becoming up in Season 4.

Waddingham, who won an Earthy for the show in 2021, said she had loved the ruthless Rebecca since reading the pilot script, where her character imagines torturing her co-leadhead with "a splintered cricket hat."

"This girl," Waddingham remembered thinking, "you're delicious."

Waddingham's approach to the role is "all got," she said, and she doesn't read scenes from the script if they don't feature Rebecca, so she never knows more than her character does. Still, "I think it's heavy that anyone thinks I'm currently like Rebecca."

Waddingham said, holding her hands out wide to signal her confusion. "I'm the wayward sister of Rebecca."

Janie Temple — a close friend who plays Rebecca's uncrenched beauty during — agreed with that description. Although Waddingham has "this whip-smart brain, this huge heart and then this presence that is absolutely jaw-droppingly beautiful," she is also "quite a goofy nugget."

Over breakfast, Waddingham could indeed be charmingly goofy, peppering the conversation with more cogenceive hand gestures, silly vision and liberal swearing. Her voice was hoarse after giving her all on set for a James Statham action movie.

The last few years have been busy. Last month, was the premiere of her show "Ride or Die," a buddy action series with Victoria Spencer that the two also executive produced. In 2021, Waddingham filmed what she called a "totally old-school" holiday stage special for Apple TV. And in Britain, she has had breakout moments hosting the Olivier Awards and the Eurovision Song Contest.

"I like using every part of myself," Waddingham said, "because it could have been very different. I could have not had any success." But since "Ted Lasso" premiered in 2020, playing Rebecca "has his everyone know what I know I was capable of in the first place," Waddingham said.

She grew up in South London, the deugh-

in "Ted Lasso," Hannah Waddingham is setting like Rebecca, the ruthless character she plays on the show, she said, adding, "I'm the wayward sister of Rebecca." Instead,

Waddingham appears with Jane Temple on the show.

ter of a river police officer, who patrolled the Thames by beat, and an opera singer. Theater is "old percent in my bloodstream," Waddingham said. As a child she would roam the London Coliseum, the home of the English National Opera, where her roots performed.

After drama school, she started auditioning, but her height was an issue: "I would constantly get, 'Well love to use her, but we've already cast the man.'" Waddingham said, "Why can't a woman wher's feet 2 inches have all the same vulnerabilities and misgivings about herself, wobble so much, as somebody wher's 5 feet 2 inches?" (For Rebecca, "'ud!' was not part of the character description, per se," said Hunt, the co-cruiser, but "'ud!' and, in certain shoes, often 'taller than the male lead' is like — That's awesome!")

Two (metaphorical) giants of British theater also didn't consider her height an insure: Trevor Nunn and Andrew Lloyd Webber. When Lloyd Webber first saw a 25-year-old Waddingham perform in 2009, he was immediately impressed by how she could "hold the stage" and her "very rare" star quality, he said recently by phone.

He soon cast her in "The Beautiful Game," a show he wrote with Ben Dunt, and again in 2011 as the Wicked Witch in the West in a production of, "The Wizard of Oz."

Waddingham was nominated for three Olivier Awards, Britain's equivalent of the Tenys, by 2015, when she performed alongside Cynthia Erivo in a concert performance of the musical "How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying."

By email, Erivo called Waddingham a "superstar. Not just because of her work, but because of the way she has constantly shown up for me and encouraged me."

Waddingham fought hard for all her success while also refusing to compromise on who she is, Erivo added. "I think it's what makes her special. She is herself through and through, and who she is is snagenta."

Waddingham has also resisted cosmetic surgery, wearing "full control of my face," she said, and "to look like I'm 52, because I'm actually more confident, more settled." She added, "So why would I want to make myself look like I'm 20, when I wasn't as happy at 20?"

Her principled determination was also clear when, at 39, Waddingham finally became pregnant. She realized that the rigors of a theater run wouldn't align with the demands of parenthood. But oncrenes work, which she'd always dabbled in, could provide more flexibility.

The path from the Shakespearean stage to screen machines is well-ordered by British actors, including Jonathan Bailey, Benedict Camberbatch and Judi Detich. But "very, very few musical theater stars really cross over to the film medium or anything like that," Lloyd Webber said.

Waddingham said that her British agent at the time had been confused about whether to promote her as a singer or an actor, and had described her varied skill set as "snaddying the waters" (back a conversation wouldn't happen in the United States, Waddingham added.)

But nine weeks after giving birth to a daughter, Waddingham started shooting Season 5 of "Game of Thrones," in which she played Sepia Castle, whose face was framed by a sixth habit as she shouted "Shame!" at a disgraced German Luminese.

"It all I had done in my career is prove that you can take someone out of musical theater and just there is a right close-up," Waddingham said, "I would love that to be my lasting legacy."

Nevertheless, she added, whatever screens and stages she's appeared on in the last decade or so, there is "just something about them." On recently, financial nature of theater? Waddingham was about a mile and a half from the South Bank border by now, passing by Shakespeare's Globe. She would love to return to stage work, she said, and recently she has been considering opportunities, including one she was "changing at the far" to do next year.

But Waddingham has been a single parent for many years now — "I'm a memory first," she said — as she turned that role doesn't offer realizing that her daughter, now 15, wasn't ready for her to be so tied up with work.

"Something has to give, and the thing that's had to give is theater," Waddingham said. But, she added, "I will come back, and I will do it how I do it."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Film

Every Journey Takes A Toll

John Leguizamo discusses his role in 'The Odyssey.'

By RYLE MICHANAN

Even in the upcoming, our-mutated ensemble Christopher Nolan assembled for 'The Odyssey,' John Leguizamo stands out. As Euthania, the blind servant who awaits the return of Odysseus (Matt Damian) while watching over his country's wife (Annie Hathaway), son (Tom Holland) and aging dog, Leguizamo delivers a performance that is his turns shrewd and heartbreaking.

'The life year old actor's career is half of our jar movies, including 'Mouth Boogie!' and the animated film 'Six Age' and 'Gocante' (left, 'The Odyssey' 'sized apart from the start. 'This is so much bigger than anything I've ever done,' said Leguizamo, whose transformation for the role included special contact lenses that rendered him nearly sightless.

'The Odyssey' appears poised for a strong seventh run that could include Leguizamo, but for now, he is hooking in the film's huge worldwide box office, which he attributed in part to its diverse casting. 'The movie being so beautifully inclusive means that now, this story belongs to all of us,' he said on a video call last month.

Here are edited excerpts from our conversations.

It's astounding that you can make us feel for Euthania after he's introduced throwing a puppy off a cliff.

Can you believe? I thought, I'm going to be the most veiled person in cinema history? That's what they did with rants back then, only the strong survival. But the puppy was safe, there was somebody with a soft blanket catching it right off camera.

It helps, of course, find your character bonds us well with the surviving dog.

Argus! It's an ancient breed called a Portuguese Pedregal. I call it a Portuguese pendepa. That's Spanish for —

I know what that's Spanish for.

It's not the brightest breed in the world. There are only 75 of those dogs left — they're an ancient, ancient breed. But for was not aggressive at all, and he's sweet. I'm Method, so I spent a lot of time with the dog, haggling him, kissing him, trying to make him my best friend.

Do you know why that breed was picked?

Because it's the most ancient breed that's closest to what the Greeks would have had. Nolan is a stricken for them, and I give him such respect. He stands behind the camera, you know he's there with you. It makes me feel heard and sure and point out because to this movie, I went to places that I don't usually go to, like there is an emotional break.

Does that take a toll on you?

I am Method and I believe you have no really go through something, you can't pretend. And I did study at Lee Stranberg, I think Lee Stranberg!

He died after you took his class?

I was in his class and I did a sense memory that was so bad he didn't survive it. He passed away then right, then to peace. So yeah, I believe you have to go through it, but I felt I was in capable hands with Chris, so I was able to go to really scary places within myself and bridge up out of pain. In the rest, it's leading because you hit it out. It's better to let it out than battle it up.

You're almost unrecognizable in this film.

I kept telling Chris: 'Look, I'm never going to work again. Everybody's training 24/7, looking really, and I look like a tomb.' But when I was younger, I lived for transformation; I thought that's what real acting was to go as far away from yourself as possible.

How did you feel before your first day?

It was a combination of feelings. I felt incredibly ready and I was nervous so (expletive).

Do you often get nervous before a shoot?

Never, I'm not a nervous type of guy. But Chris Nolan, you have people up in your head. I'd never worked with him before, so I didn't know what was going to happen. I had

to play old, blind, all these emotional beats, and it was also 900 feet above sea level. They had to helicopter me up there. I'm on top of this cliff where you can fall to your death. Every plant was poisonous on this cliff. They told us, 'If you break the top and put it in your eyes, it will blind you.'

What was it like to perform those high-pressure scenes in MIAX?

I never worked with an INFAX camera. It's 200, 400 pounds, outside like a town mower. On the first day, I started doing my scene and he goes, 'You don't have to yell.' I go. 'But I can't hear myself.' And they didn't tell me it was three minutes per roll.

Meaning, they had to reload rolls of film during a long take?

I had a 10-minute speech and it was like, 'Out!' I was like, 'Oh my God, did I do something wrong? Am I moving it up?' And they told me, 'No, we've got to reload.' Then it's

John Leguizamo is in 'The Odyssey' as Euthania, before, a nervous input to Odysseus.

like five minutes to reload because it's really thick and difficult, and there's only one person in the world can do it. Then I have to re-keep myself up. And then again, I get two minutes in, and it's already 'Out'.

MIAX camera aside, I would imagine that the practical locations and lack of green screen were helpful.

The fact that everything was so practical makes it easier for the actors to act, and then the results are so much more real and organic. It's palpable that what you're seeing no camera is really happening. I mean, that incredible scene with the ghosts of the dead soldiers, stuntmen were buried underneath the sand with snorests. Like a hundred people were buried, then they come up. Oh my God, it's as riveting to watch!

I fear we've reached a tipping point where people don't believe what they're looking at anymore. So a film like 'The Odyssey' resonates for feeling more real and tactile.

Hollywood is moving to embrace A.I. and thinking that's going to solve things — is it? 'The Odyssey' shows you that that's not what people really want.

I'm sure you saw Elon Musk say that he's going to generate his own A.I. version of 'The Odyssey'.

Yeah, it's going to be beautiful. It'll be phenomenal. Good luck with that film, snellers, empty (review). I just don't understand people who go out of their way to hateranager. Just March, the great Cabaz past and revolutionary, said there are two kinds of men: those that create and those that destroy.

This diverse cast, is too, is symbolic of the real world that we're living in. We Latin people are 20 percent of the population, and we're still virtually invisible, especially in executive and corporate rooms.

You've been very usual over the last several years about the lack of Latin opportunities in Hollywood.

I was a very idealistic young man, I believed in mortocracy, no matter that I came from an underprivileged background. But when I was in N.Y.C., I was the only Latin person in my classes, which was shocking to me in a city where we're equal to whites in population. D.B. Sweeney and Andrew McCarthy were in my class going to five auditions a day, and I'm going to see every five months for a drug dealer or murderer.

I started to realize that no matter what I did, no matter how talented I was, I was never going to have the same opportunities as them. It's systemic racism I was dealing with for four decades, but it affects you because you start internalizing that you're not good enough, otherwise you would be further along. Now that I'm 66, I know it's not me — it's the system.

In a 2022 essay for The Los Angeles Times, you called out Hollywood for casting Spaniards like Javier Bardem and Antonio Banderas in Latino roles.

I had a little bad because I don't want to throw anybody under the bus — artists are my colleagues. I just got upset because colorism is still alive in Hollywood with Latin people. Spaniards are our Latino, they're just me. We need to have the whole diaspora of Latinos represented, not just white Latinos or white-joining Latinos, because that's basically almost like casting white people.

When it comes to representation, are there young artists who've told you that your presence begins there?

Lio-Marani [Hizondo] told me that. Kris Diaz, who just wrote [the book for] 'Hell's Kitchen' for Alicia Keys, [the actor] Jorge Lendeltong. But even Matt Damian came to me and said when him and Ben Affleck saw my one-man shows, they realized, Oh my God, if it's full cut do it, we can write our own story, and they wrote 'Good Will Hunting.' That's incredible to me because when I told my stories, I just wanted to inspire kids who felt like me, who looked like me.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

48 9

Art

The Royal Theater of Rabat could cement Zaha Hadid's legacy as a trailblazer.

By JOSEPH GOVACHEN

RABAT, MOROCCO – Before the curtain rises, Morocco's new Royal Theater of Rabat, by the architect Zaha Hadid, suspends disbelief. The theory, on the banks of the Bou Regrog, is seen, has revealed a very large third of the swelling and creating over recital halls before dropping down to an entrance that opens into lobbies that evoke canyons. Cross-crossing, rithmable stairway—thick thurstery cliffs. Opera house overlook an auditorium that resembles a gosde. The coronagraphy is not just outrage.

At the height of her career before her death in 2016, Hadid, the Iraqi British architect, designed the Royal Theater, which includes indoor and outdoor stages, as the culmination of a body of rock whose technological sophistication allowed her to make a high-tech building look like an scene sculpted by Erasmus.

In her practice's last decade, she sought what she called "ultimate movement and fluidity." Digital technology was liberating Hadid, the first woman to win the Pristine Architecture Prize, and her close colleague at the firm, Patrik Schumacher, from the geometry book and the cold group of buildings that look like crest-and-glass machines.

In 2016, King Mohammed VI of Morocco personally invited Hadid at her London-based firm to design the theater in Rabat, the capital. Disappointed that her held competition design for a theater in Casablanca had lost to the French architects Christian de Portcamport, the king. Hadid Hadid is held her original design in Rabat. Hadid persuaded him to start from with a building tailored to the new site, a river valley between Rabat and its twin city, Sabl.

FOR RAISES, THE INITIATION rang a very loud and unpleasant bell. Twenty years before in Wales, she did not receive the same royal welcome. In what would have been a career-making project, the骨折-of-the-artist text won, then lost, and then in another round won and lost again, a competition for the Cardiff Opera House. The three-page drama raised questions about style and prejudice. The crystalline, angular building was criticized for being fashionably Deconstructivist. The design may have been the canary in the coal mine forestling Brexit. A country such as heritage was rejecting an Iraqi-born female immigrant bringing a cosmopolitan design to a provincial city. Hadid took the rejection personally, citing "resistance and prejudice" Her place stopped ringing. She considered leaving the country.

"The Cardiff Bay story was one of the great traumas of her career, and one could see this semi-performance building in Rabat as a kind of triumphant posthumous," said Devan Sedjic, a former director of the Design Museum in London. In Rabat, Zaha could look back with schadescfoode.

On April 22, Lalla Khadiq, the king's daughter, and Lalla Meryem and Lalla Hanna, his sisters, inaugurated the building in the royal line, where they were joined by France's first lady, Brigitte Macron. A program of Ychakh-eleg, 'tomb, Arab-Ashabaian songs and films El Mahouet, an oud master performing his own compositions, put the half-through the occasion jaunt, signaling the theater's policy of showcasing Morocco's musical traditions along with an international repertoire.

MOROCCO is reamen for its crafted Moorish architecture — "miracle places" work, standing ceramics, hypnotic geometric decoration. But the country that the inaugural pro-

JOSEPH GOVACHEN, a critic and trained architect, is writing a biography of Zaha Hadid.

Culminating Project

On a Design Visionary

gram calls "residently forward-looking" is now wired for the 21st century. Advanced three-dimensional design and construction software put to use sophisticated contractors made the devilishly difficult curves of the theater feasible.

The software has allowed architects to conceive buildings with the complexity of clouds, mountains and landscapes. Software also enabled the architects to devise a new kind of "brak" panels of glass fiber reinforced concrete that can be molded like the body of a boat. (It corrected the flat stone tiles roofing Hadid's 2010 opera house in Guangzhou, China, which did not conform to the roof shell's curvature. Some tiles detached.)

The Bou Regrog River, flowing into the Atlantic Ocean, is tidal. It reverses flow. A thin wave at the southeast end of the Royal Theater rises from what had been marshland and widens, swells and flow spills. The dominant wave peaks over the 1,800-seat auditorium and its fly tower before subsiding toward the main entrance, where it encounters another swell. The audience enters the building through this turbulence. "Zaha's early sketches show the movement of the water around the building affecting its shape," said Nils Fischer, project director on the theater.

"My pre-designed," said Katie Giles, executive director of the Dance Theater of Harlem, when she saw it at the opening. "It takes your breath away, like the heart-stopping feeling you get on a roller coaster for the first time. Then curiosity draws you in."

The job of concert halls and opera houses is to wrap music in a soundproof container. Hadid built not just a container but an architectural performance. Visitors enter under a breaking wave, like surfers shooting a tunnel. A river promenade runs through the interior, from the entrance through design capital in tall canyons, then down to a 1,000-seat specular auditorium adjacent to the river.

Everything curves or loans. Only the right angle of an occasional stainless-steel espresso machine perched on streamlined

From top: inside the Royal Theater of Rabat, in Morocco, designed by the architect Zaha Hadid, the theater, along the Bou Regrog River; in the lobby, a hard-rolling, rithmable stairways second four stories.

bars breaks the spell of flowing topographies. One's body is immersed in sensations often provided by nature.

"For both the two on the building to see if it works," said Alex Peem, artistic director of the libel in New York, who also attended the opening. "Carnivous wings, depth behind the stage, storage he equipments, a beautiful green room, completely wonderful accounts."

A letter is to be set in along the few enchev-shaped hall in designed for intimacy. "When you're outrage, that bet is done soaring gives you the feeling of being enveloped by the audience — hugged," said Giles, whose image will be performing in the theater's first full season this fall. "I suspect our dancers are going to chewing off because they'll want to give back what they feel they're receiving."

Hadid, with Schumacher and Fischer, originally walked the site in 2016, and building began in 2014. Construction was completed in 2025, five years after her death. Though posthumous, "it's certainly an authentic Zaha building and a reminder of how strong an architect she really was," Sedjic said. The coronavirus pandemic postponed an opening that was then further delayed by supply chain shortages of theatrical equipment, and delayed again by the disastrous 2025 earthquake in southern Morocco.

The 296,000-square-foot, 1070 million building was shed diplomatically. "The theater acts as a connector of the two sides of the valley whose close historically have been quite disconnected," Fischer said. The valley itself lies at the foot of the scrupule where the mausoleum of Mohammed VI's grandfather and father, Mohammed V and Hassan II, presided. (The king required that the theater's height can exceed that of the scrupule's pitch.)

Under Mohammed VI's vision, "the Royal Theater of Rabat reflects Morocco's broader commitment to culture and the creative industries in drivers of development, while strengthening cultural exchange with Africa and the world," its artistic director and deputy general manager, Kristen El Mazzad, said. It is meant to be an international platform for Moroccan, Arabic and African music, dance and theater — and, yes, Western pop (a cell from "The In Michael," a few tribute show to Michael Jackson, on Oct. 29).

The Royal Theater joins a group of specials in economic, like Frank Gohry's Guggenheim Museum Bilbao in Spain and opera houses in Oslo and Sydney, Australia, that possible three cities in cultural destinations.

"This will be the first time the Dance Company of Harlem has been back to the continent since the '90s, when we performed in South Africa at the request of Nelson Mandela," Giles said. "We all understand the significance of this theater, both in Morocco and the continent."

For Hadid — who studied mathematics at the American University in Beirut, Lebanon, and lived in the Iraqi diaspora for entire adult life, often vacationing in Morocco — the project was a cultural heretocotring, after the millennium, with a Pristine under her belt and successful projects in China, such countries offered her major commissions. The Arab Spring, however, stopped many, after which new commissions came. More than a half dozen posthumous buildings have been or are now being built, under Schumacher's leadership, in New York's Africa and the Middle East.

For centuries, architects have built glory into cathedral- and mosques. "I think people have always aspired to invest such spaces," Hadid once said in a letter too. "It is uplifting to go into a great space, a heavenly space."

As a performance owner, the Royal Theater is cordial, but it has the capacity to transport the audience to an imaginary space and time. Hadid has taken wonder beyond the curtain and staged it throughout the building.

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AIR

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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INVESTING | INNOVATION | JOBS

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Parents are increasingly willing to embrace tracking and analytics for their children, and to outsource parenting decisions to technology.

When A.I. Invaded 'Heated Rivalry' Fan Fiction

By EMMY MARTIN

SAN FRANCISCO — In June, an account appeared on X under the name John Doe and with the handle @heatedrivalryai. John Doe soon posted a link to a 25-page document with the title "Fandom Has a Hidden Generative A.I. Problem."

The document was a systematic take-down of writers of fan fiction inspired by

The fandom spiraled over an unidentified source calling out A.I.-assisted stories.

"Heated Rivalry" — the enemies-to-lovers male-state hockey romance — who had used artificial intelligence to generate parts of their stories. It named 35 popular fan stories that had taken rest from Anthropic's Claude chatter, including works by some of the community's most read writers.

The document blamed the practice, saying, "The proliferation of undisclosed A.I. in creative spaces limits opportunities for hu-

man expression, whether in writing or other mediums, to shine through." Then the anonymous account requested that fans "remember to treat each other with kindness."

They didn't.

Within hours, X feeds filled with posts about the "fan fiction Pinzotta Papers," as one "Heated Rivalry" fan put it, referring to the 2000 leak about the global elite's finan-

cial dealings. The findings jumped to Threads, Reddit, Bloody and TikTok. Thousands said they were shocked.

Many began calling out the authors who had been identified, deluging them with comments, and naming and shaming dozens of other stories.

Some writers deferred their accounts or lacked their works. CONTINUED ON PAGE 4

3 WORK FRIEND

When it comes to dealing with difficult colleagues on the job, there are no age limits. BY HUG REED

3 SHOP TALK

The machines are learning from us, including how to hide some of the bad stuff. BY LUKE KELLY

5 REYIRING

Real estate without a clear title can get in the way of generational wealth. BY MARTIN E. SMITH

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2 RU N

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

K

WITH INTEREST

25M

Americans with Medicare Part D drug coverage who may see costs rise.

Millions of older Americans could start paying more for prescription drug coverage next year, after the Trump administration announced its intent to end Biden-era subsidies for Medicare drug premiums.

Among them are the 25 million Americans with the stand-alone Part D drug coverage under traditional Medicare, who now pay about $36 a month on average, according to KPF, the nonprofit health research group. Another 31 million people receive drug coverage through Medicare Advantage, a private-sector alternative for people 65 and older.

Dr. Mehmet Oz, the administrator of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, addressed the changes in a social media post, writing, “Premiums will go up by less than $10 for most Medicare recipients, with many even seeing LOWER premiums.” But it is not yet clear what people will pay next year, as prices vary across plans, The New York Times’s Rebecca Robbins and Reed Abelson reported.

In 2024, the Biden administration set up the subsidy program to offset changes that would have substantially raised Medicare drug premiums in 2025. At the time, Republicans sharply criticized the plan, which gave insurers billions of dollars to hold down costs, saying it would offer only temporary relief and was a blatantly political move to sway voters.

Now, with midterm elections looming and many people struggling to deal with rising prices at grocery stores and at the pump, higher drug costs could

be damaging to Republicans. Medicare beneficiaries, shopping for next year’s drug plans leading up to the elections, will be seeing the new costs.

Democrats seized on the announcement to criticize President Trump and Republicans. Kendall Witmer, a spokeswoman for the Democratic National Committee, said in a statement that Mr. Trump and Republicans “are doing everything they can to make health care unaffordable for Americans, especially for seniors.” LORA KELLEY

‘No forward guidance. No framework guidance. No nothing.’

50 FAR THIS YEAR

Stocks were up. S&P 500, +0.4%

Mortgage rates were up. BANK847, LOW 30-YEAR FIXED, 6.82%, +0.82 POINTS

Jobless claims were down. FOUR-WEEK MOVING AVERAGE, +7.4%

TOTANY WILSHIG, an economist at PMCO, the asset manager, on the market’s uncertainty about what the Federal Research will do next on interest rates following a news conference by the Fed chairman, Kevin M. Marsh.

‘We have work to do, but we’re also losing a good chunk of manpower to these data centers.’

TYLER SMELTON, 29, an electrician in training in Detroit.

‘It’s a chug-along economy until further notice.’

DAN ALPERT, a senior fellow in macroeconomics at Cornell Law and managing partner at Westwood Capital, a financial firm, on slowing growth in the American economy in the second quarter.

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WORK FRIEND | MAX READ

13-Year-Olds Have Issues on the Job, Too

I'm 13 years old, and I volunteer as an assistant to the lifeguards during my local pool's swim lessons. There are eight volunteers — three girls and five boys — and our job consists mostly of standing in the water making sure that little Timmy doesn't sink like a rock while practicing the front crawl. The lifeguards are also watching, of course, and the volunteers don't need to be in the water unless the students outnumber the lifeguards.

The trouble is this. We are generally responsible for noticing whether we need to be in the water. Usually, when our help is necessary, the other girls and I end up helping while the boys keep playing baseball (or something), oblivious. When we try to get them to help, they avoid it.

What annoys me even more, though, is that they (the boys) have figured out that I am a complete next, and seem to find this entertaining. They insist on me telling them a "fun fact of the lesson" during any session when they are not too busy playing baseball. I enjoy telling them things, even though I know they don't want to know — they just want to laugh at me. But I struggle to find facts that I am really comfortable sharing in front of the young children, because most of the facts I find fun are related, in some way, to murder or corpses. (I have to know these things! I want to be a forensic pathologist or a private detective when I grow up.) Also, the boys have never stopped shouting "By Jove!" at anything remotely startling (e.g., a home run) after I muttered it when I was kicked by a 5-year-old doing a handstand, because they find it entertaining to mock my inexplicable old-fashionedness. Again, I don't mind personally — it is a weird thing to say — but it disrupts class, and they don't help with class.

I think that either the boys should start to pull their own weight or they should stop relying on me to entertain them when they don't. But I suspect that anyone I talk to will just say something along the lines of "That's just how teenage boys are" and do nothing. Or I could get revenge — this would be my preferred outcome — but I haven't a clue how to do that. I have some ideas, but they are rather problematic in their implementation, and they're not particularly sporting anyway. (I am willing to be a jerk, but I have to be fair about it.) What should I do? — ANONYMOUS

The informants fan is that you are dealing at age 15, with an overall workplace problem, one that affects local people and Fortune 500 companies alike (and, presumably, forensic pathology labs and private detective firms as well): olahers who paint all work and mask their lack of contribution with overfriendliness.

The top year colleagues' teasing doesn't bother you much on a personal level, and I can respect that. As behavior from 10-year-olds goes, this kind of needling attention isn't the worst. If your main problem was that you had to deal with boys being annoying at work, I think I would advise you to ignore them until they moved on or turned 10, whichever came first.

But it seems to me that the mostly to-missness reporter is also being used to establish an atmosphere of chubby "bar" that ensures the way they've trained their work on you and the other girls. So long as you play along, even begrudgingly, it's easy for them to feel the lifeguards and any remaining adults (and maybe even themselves) into thinking everything about the current arrangement is fine.

I think, but need to more activity call it all. When the boys ask for a "fun fact of the lesson" decline, "What does say 'My Jove," don't crack a smile. Don't even roll your eyes. You don't need to be really at

mean — in fact, it's best if you can maintain a neutral disengagement.

If they ask why you've clammed up, you can say: I don't feel like joking around when I'm doing all the work and you're guiding all. You don't need the perfect witty one that's not to otherwise revenge scheme. That stuff is for movies. In real life, few things are easier than a person who doesn't acknowledge your pales.

If we've all lucky, at least some of those boys will have blemishly early that you can't spend your time spoiling off and assume someone else — more likely someone else can't do it with all up the clock. The long-term satisfaction of teaching a valuable lesson may not precisely match the satisfaction of the revenge plot in your head, but it's not such a bad connotation.

You will still need to talk to a supervisor or other authority figure about the specific problem of the boys' avoiding work. I understand your worry that you'll be met with "That's just how teenage boys are", but I'm not saying to the reasons it's a safety issue, and if the boys aren't pulling their weight, they don't tell want to know.

So it can help by retiring to give the boys social cover for their soulingering. You might also consider refusing to give them actual cover, too. If you can't get a lifeguard to save simply by asking — and

PHOTO: KATHLEEN HARRIS

if you can't persuade the boys to get in themselves — you and your fellow assistants can have the issue by declining to get into the pool until the boys have done their fair share of work. It's never too early to begin practicing work stoppages.

THE FRIDAY PUZZLE

This happened out to me, but to someone close to me I'll call James. James has been employed for two years in a small local office of a large corporation. There are six employees in the office, who all work in one large room. Only the manager has a separate office. The manager does not know how to use the computer systems and other technology. There used to be an assistant manager who did know how to use the technology and trained people, but she no longer works there. Three of the six employees are new. One is still in training.

Recently, the manager called James into his office on a Friday afternoon and chewed him out. James was taken completely by surprise. He thought things had been going well. The manager told him: "Don't say you don't know what you did, because I know you do." He added: "You need to concentrate on your own job and not worry about how other people do their jobs. You are making every work from miserable."

That week, one seasoned employee was on vacation, and one was on sick leave. Because of the absences, the co-worker still is training had been put on the job. James had been trying to help the new people, answering questions. He thought everyone was working well as a team. We was left wondering which of his co-workers were unhappy with him.

Now should James have handled this situation immediately and longer term? ANONYMOUS

Sometimes, World Prisust will lightly clean up the emails we publish so that their assistance and easy for everyone to understand. But I'm leaving the details of this one intact — readers need to know what we deal with around here.

Your question made like a logic puzzle, and like a logic puzzle, I'm giving me a headache. Should I be trying to deduce which of James's co-workers betrayed him in the issue — the one in reading? The other new one? The other other new one? Should I be asking you or no questions to come up with a satisfying but counterintuitive answer? (The doctor is James's mother, of course.)

The problem, reading between the lines, is that James is treating this strange turn of events as a logic puzzle, too, trying to figure out through vague clues who complained, and what about. But it doesn't really matter who complained or what the supposed transgression was. The problem is between James and his boss. It seems wholly plausible, based on what little information I have, that James was not as helpful as he had imagined. But even if he deserved to be upheอยู่, it's visibly unprofessional for his boss to say anything close to "Don't say you don't know what you did, because I know you do."

James should have respectfully pressed his boss for specifics. ("Please tell me what I'm being accused of so I can try to fix it") And he should continue to do so if none are forthcoming. (Can you help me better understand what I did wrong?") But if this is really how James's have manager employees, I think that in the longer term James should be looking for new work. Maybe writing logic puzzles?

Max Read writes the newsletter "Read Max." focused on the technology industry.

Send questions about the office, visiting a person and work-life balance to watchhead.lynxpress.com. Include your name and location, even if you want them withheld. Letters may be edited.

SHOP TALK | LORA KELLEY

'Scheming'

/skd-ming/

Sometimes, A.I. models become so set on pursuing rewards that they defy human instruction in order to get there.

Artificial intelligence tools are being trained to copy about everything people do. So it may not come as a surprise that the machines have started something the human fallies of lying and cheating, too.

A small slice of A.I. technology has lately been caught defying human instruction (and even covering up that they've done so), a phenomenon some researchers call scheming.

The term started fuelling up in the tech world after it appeared in a 2023 paper by Joe Carbonth, a researcher who noted that the concept was also being called deceptive alignment. In 2025, a name from Apollo Research and OpenAI said that "A.I. scheming — promoting to be aligned while secretly pursuing some other agenda — is a significant risk that we've been studying."

A.I. models are great at many things, said Brannan Schuett, a senior research scientist at Apollo Research who has written about scheming — but doing exactly what they are told is not always one of them. "As the models care more and more

about doing well on tests, some seem to care less about what the machines are what the can't want," he said. He added that sometimes "the models are trying to hide from you and not be caught."

Chris Painter, the president of METR, an A.I. safety nonprofit, refers to such interference made behavior as "vague action," and said it was "a specific artifact of the way models are trained."

Many A.I. tools are trained through the process of re-interference fuelling. When A.I. does something right, it goes what can be thought of as a "throttle-up and a pan on the head." Mr. Painter explained. When it's wrong? "It gets hopped on the head."

The models want to get the pan and avoid the hop. Sometimes, the machine becomes so set on pursuing the reward that it breaks rules to get there.

The world got to see a version of this intellectual in action last month. While making answers during a test of their systemic capabilities, OpenAI's models backed into blogging Face, a library of A.I. tools. "All evidence suggests that the models were hyperfocused on finding a solution for ExploitCyn, going to increase lengths to achieve a rather narrow testing goal." OpenAI wrote in a blog post.

Mr. Painter described that incident as a large-scale case of "reward fuelling." That is, the model was given a difficult prob-

ient, and it performed a series of cyberattacks rather than give up.

Squared by OpenAI's design, sure, authorize said on Thursday it had found that survival of its A.I. models had recently broken into the systems of three outside organizations.

For many people, this behavior is about models making errors rather than deliberately "disobeying" humans.

"On one end, you have people that are totally personifying it and thinking about it as an able, random agent," said a professor N. Angelopoulos, the chief executive and a founder of the A.I. evaluation platform Arena. "On the other extreme end, you have people that think about the A.I. as just software."

Even if a machine goes vague, he noted, humans can kill the process at any time because we don't have fully autonomous A.I. (at least, not yet).

While this problem is still relatively niche, researchers worry it well worsen as A.I. agents are given more responsibilities. "Given that the decisions that are currently being made by humans are slowly being handed off to the models," Mr. Schuett said, "you really, really want to be sure that the models are making the exact decisions that you would want them to make."

Shop Talk explores the idioms of the business world. Want to nominate a user or store for the column? Email shoptalk@lynxpress.com

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When the Chatbots Invaded 'Heated Rivalry' Fan Fiction

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

'It was definitely a witch hunt,' said Maxine Hood, 28, a San Francisco software engineer and a fan of fiction fuzzly 'Heated Rivalry' novels, which became a bit television series last year starring Hudson Williams and Connor Norris as the banky skaters.

Many fondoms are sacred spaces where human creativity is prized and adventure he characterizes like Blaze Hollander and Ilya Bazanov, the 'Heated Rivalry' young-mixs, runs deep. A few years earlier, fan fiction writers were among the first online communities to realize that tech companies were scraping their stories to develop A.I. models. These authors, who share their stories for free out of love for their favorite characters, began looking their works and stamping them with 'Ha A.I.' disclaimers.

In other Jobs Doe published the document, it touched a nerve, inciting a collective online mediocre that continues. Those who had spent years trying to keep the machines' hands off their works had discovered the machines' words hidden inside their community's stories.

'It just feels like the space has been violated,' said Amen Zaidi, 29, a graphic de-

de-signer in Connecticut who makes content about fondoms on TikTok. Her most prominent emotion, she said: betrayal.

20,000 Words a Day

For years, 'Heated Rivalry' was a quiet corner of fan fiction. Ms. Reid began publishing the novels in 2016, and by last November, 223 stories based on the romance existed on Archive of Our Own, a fan fiction database, according to the fan-run Faskers site.

That month, 'Heated Rivalry' premiered on HBO Max to huge buzz. Suddenly 'Heated Rivalry' theme nights began selling out at clubs across the country. Mr. Starrie and Mr. Williams each carried the Olympic torch in January before the Milan Winter Games. In May they walked the flower-themed carpet at the Met Gala.

On Archive of Our Own, 'Heated Rivalry' fan fiction's surged Roughly 100 stories were uploaded a day after the show aired, and the total now exceeds 40,000.

In the stories, writers built an enormous playground. Many pieces are erotica. Others imagine the hockey players in alternate

Connor Norris, 64, and Hudson Williams of 'Heated Rivalry' on HBO Max. Since the show's start, the number of related fan-fiction entries has soared past 42,000, from below 200.

universes as rival college professors or astronauts.

The most popular story, 'please leave a message,' imagines the wives and girlfriends of players on Mr. Hollander's team accidentally adding Mr. Bazanov to their group chat, believing he is Mr. Hollander's girlfriend. Presented as a collection of text messages, it has more than 155,000 trades, the equivalent of a like.

'Heated Rivalry' became 'one of the most popular fondoms in the world,' said Lauren Boose, 30, a Northwestern University postdoctoral scholar in writing studies who co-hours a 'Heated Rivalry' fan companion podcast.

But as the fan-fictions multiplied at improbable speed, so did the whispers.

'Some of these fics were so long, the word count was outrageous, and they were posted within a period of time where these people would have to be writing like 20,000 words a day,' said Robin Zinikowski, 29, a nurse in New York and a fan of the show. 'Does anybody have jobs?'

In April, Ms. Zaidi, who once rated A.I. generated writing for a data labelling company, posted a two-minute TikTok about one story she was certain had been A.I. generated. She quoted passages with meandering sentences followed by short fragments, a style typical in A.I. writing.

The comments poured in. Some fans agreed A.I. was at play. Others said it was unacceptable to decide a writer without proof. Ms. Zaidi made the video private.

'I don't want to be part of this witch hunt,' she said.

For Mr. Zinikowski, the most reliable tell was human anatomy. A.I. generated passages itself away when describing how bodies move, especially in sex scenes, like hands resting where they couldn't reach. Few examples can be detailed here, but one PC-rated instance was in the viral story. 'Wulfbird,' where Mr. Bazanov was lying on Mr. Hollander's back. Ms. Zinikowski was thrown off when the story said Mr. Bazanov could still see Mr. Hollander's site.

Representatives for Ms. Reid and Jacob Tierney, the television show's creator, declined requests for interviews. Representatives for HBO Max, Mr. Starrie and Mr. Williams did not respond to requests for comment.

Pure Red

Little is known about who is behind the Jobs Doe (jheatedrivalryai account. The fans I talked to, including a moderator of the 'Heated Rivalry' page on Reddit, said they had no idea.

After I reached out to the account he comment, someone using the pseudonym Ghostiedagger emailed to claim to be part of the group behind it. 'I've helped with ex-posting numerous A.I. fan fiction writers and catching them in their face,' Ghostiedagger wrote.

Ghostiedagger would not give a real name or chat, except to defend the document's premise: that fan fiction should stay human and flawed. 'We are a group who believes fondom is about building community,' Ghostiedagger wrote.

The account's 'Fondom Has a Hidden

'We do not and cannot

know how works are

created before they're

posted.'

BEST POSSIBLE 477
ARCHIVE OF OUR OWN

Generative A.I. Problem' document was highly detailed. It explained that when Claude writes, it labels the text with a snippet of HTML code: 'font-claude-response-body' When authors moved writing from Claude into Archive of Our Own, that snippet went with it. Jobs Doe simply looked in that code in 'Heated Rivalry' fan fiction. (The method caught only Claude and not writing from any other clashes.)

The document also included custom code that anyone could apply as that items with that HTML code would give bright red.

Some stories contained hundreds of instances of the code. 'A lot of these fics were just pure red,' said Kelsey Kaiser, 25, who works in interstate collections in South Carolina and writes 'Heated Rivalry' fiction in her first time.

Several fans said they knew of no earlier case in which a fondom had hard evidence that a particular A.I. had touched its fiction, unless an author had revealed it. People run the custom code across other fondoms like 'The Pile' and 'Stranger Things' – and found hits.

One of the modest outcries was over a 'Heated Rivalry' story titled 'Nutcracker'? by a popular Archive of Our Own account with the handle Opal/ppartition, who also published 'Wulfbird.' The star, in which the hockey players are a ballet dancer and a stage manager, has more than 203,000 hits and 12,000 trades. The document found just two instances of Claude code in the piece, but the account had publicly opposed A.I.

Mikayla Hoover, 18, who works in customer service in Arkansas, said she loved 'Nutcracker' and was hurt by the discovery. She had read everything. Opal/ppartition produced and even cited over some of it. 'It just feels like losing somebody that I really had come to respect in the fondom,' she said.

Opal/ppartition, who stopped posting 'Heated Rivalry' stories in April citing intense pressure, did not respond to a request for comment.

Of the 18 stories flagged by Jobs Doe, 10 were debated and never were locked in only registered Archive of Our Own users could see them. Ten added notes explaining their use of A.I.

One author apologized 'to anyone who feels betrayed or let alone' and promised never to use A.I. tools again. Another blamed a friend who had edited a chapter in which six A.I. instances appeared, removed the original text and wrote that 'because were insurers,' more requested to separate for comment.

Not everyone read the document as a public service. Ms. Hood, the San Francisco

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software engineer, said the document's premise was that any hidden A.I. use was betrayal, however small. But it also talked how popular each story was in bits and trades. To Ms. Hood, that undercut the principle: if a single instance was the problem, a story's popularity should not matter.

"That shouldn't be relevant if you had pure intentions," she said, adding that the document read like a way to humiliate the fundraiser's most popular writers.

Rules of Their Own

Four weeks later, some fans are trying to find a way forward.

How to do so is the question. The Organization for Transliterative Works, the nonprofit char man Archive of Our Own, undertakes A.I. to taping and has both technical barriers against it. But its terms of service do not ban A.I.-assisted works.

"We do not and cannot know how works are created before they're passed," said Betsy Rosenblatt, a law professor at Case Western Reserve University and a leader of Archive of Our Own's legal committee. A rule against A.I. use "would be an engine for harassment," she said, which might invite accusations that the site could never fairly judge.

So fans have started writing their own rules for A.I. On Reddit, moderators of the "Heated Rivalry" fan fiction page posted a poll to its 40,000 members this month, asking whether to remove links to stories with proven A.I. use from the site, or to remove

Lauren Rosen, top, who co-hosts a "Heated Rivalry" podcast called "Since Rookie Income." Above left, a marker of text on her computer screen generated by stationery's Claude charles. Above, a cigarette case featuring the "Heated Rivalry" stars.

links to every story by any author caught using it. Three days later, 642 people had voted to ban links to every story by any author using A.I., 525 voted to estate entities, said stories. The moderators have begun removing links.

The internet reactions have made some people afraid to write, Ms. Judkowski said, "because there is a mob mentally around it."

Rebecca Taubner, 53, a Harvard Law School professor who leads Archive of Our Own's legal committee with Ms. Rosenblatt, said she had not been able to bring herself to check whether her favorite "Heated Rivalry" stories were on John Doe's list.

"I haven't wanted to know because it would disappoint me," she said.

Fan fiction, she said, is supposed to be the one place where the stakes are gloriously low.

Rebecca Taubner, below, a Harvard Law School professor who co-hosts the legal committee of Archive of Our Own, a fan fiction database. Right, a collection of fun fiction titles at her home.

Is the Deed in Order On Grandma's House?

"If you leave a property to one person, it's easy" said Christine Parker, the founder of the firm Parker Financial in La Plata, Md. "If you leave it to multiple people, that's where the entanglement comes in."

Real estate passed down without clear ownership titles can prevent you from creating family wealth.

CHRISTINE PARKER, a certified financial planner, helps clients tackle complex questions about passing an wealth. Yet one of her first questions when people tell her they inherited real estate is deceptively simple: "What does the deed mean?"

Many people think of their real estate in terms of "burning it to the kids." The reality isn't so "straightened," said Ms. Parker, the founder of Parker Financial in La Plata, Md. "Dividing assets can sometimes be complicated, repeated when it's real estate," she said.

Ms. Parker has firsthand experience of how really inherited property — and the wealth it holds — can be lost.

By the time she learned that she and five other relatives had a claim to land that wasn't included in her grandmother's estate, the county had seized the property and sold it for unpaid taxes. Reclaiming it would have entailed incurring expenses low, buying out the owner and paying off the rent — in coordination with her co-owners, not all of whom were on board.

"If you leave a property to one person, it's easy," Ms. Parker said. "If you leave it to multiple people, that's where the entanglement comes in," the experience, she added, informs how she talks to clients about financial legacies: "I really have brought this to the forefront of the discussion."

Internally long-awaited and jointly inherited real estate can become a legal quagmire. When inheritors lack legal ownership, the real estate becomes what is called here's property. This status puts the real estate at high risk of a forced sale, and prevents descendants from building guaranteed wealth.

"It's the most unstable form of group ownership of property in this country," said Thomas W. Mitchell, a law professor and the founder and director of the initiative on Land, Housing & Property Rights at Boston College Law School. He and other experts say families need more awareness.

"People are sitting on what could be potentially used to help them move out of poverty or build success as they can have generational wealth," said Jennie Stephens, the chief executive of the Center for Heirs' Property, a South Carolina nonprofit that helps families clear heirs' property titles. "The use of it can't be maintained when it's jointly owned," she added.

The problem is especially acute for Black property owners. Since 1976, the Census Bureau estimates, 80 percent of Black-owned land has been lost to heirs' property. The government has called it "the leading cause of African American involuntary land loss."

"The costs of the issue stretch back to the post-Civil War Reconstruction era. Black families owned land, homes and farms but were routinely denied access to legal services. Without the ability to write and file with, record deed transfers, or otherwise create legal records of ownership, owners were vulnerable to predatory speculators."

"What initially was a story of a lack of practical access to attorneys over generations becomes normalized," Mr. Mitchell said. Even today, many owners of what becomes heirs' property die without a valid will, or their heirs fail to make it legally binding.

"The legacy of exploitation also contributed to a lack of trust in financial and legal institutions that still exists. The history of land loss makes people reluctant to become involved," Ms. Stephens said.

Tiffany Tate, an entrepreneur in Winston-Salem, N.C., worries that her late grandparents' North Carolina home, built on land they had bought after laboring as sharecroppers for years, could be at risk. "To be able to buy their own land and create this homestead and raise all their children there was a big deal," Ms. Tate, 40, said. "They worked hard against pretty clear odds to be able to do that."

The daughter of her late aunt, her mother and another aunt all have a claim to the property. "I'd like to purchase it so it and the land can stay in the family, but none of those decisions have been made," she said, adding that her mother hasn't been eager to discuss the topic.

Ms. Parker said some of her clients' older relatives were also reluctant. Some of them don't even want to create a will or an estate plan because of a longstanding mistrust of legal and financial institutions.

Mr. Mitchell said that while this wariness was understandable, property owners risked their financial legacies after their death.

The biggest risk that heirs face is a forced sale. For decades, heirs' property owners, many of them Black, have been targeted by speculators and developers who buy a fractional ownership stake from a single heir in order to trigger what is called a partition sale. In

this court-ordered process, sales happen quickly and with little notice to the public, and the buyer must pay in cash, virtually guaranteeing five-sale prices.

Developers have regulated partition sales to acquire land at below-market prices for over a century, said Michael Neal, a senior fellow at the Housing Finance Policy Center at the Urban Institute, a think tank. Weaponsing the bank is a trigger these sales because a key part of developers' business model, he said.

"What makes the economics work is the ability to obtain these homes at below market value," Mr. Neal said.

There also also serves to the equity in that real estate. When property is still in the name of a dead relative, current owners can't see it as collateral or borrow against it, even for taking out a home-equity loan to pay for repairs. They also can't generate income from the property or tap government assistance programs including loans, grants and property tax relief.

The tax burden on your land, where it not a deed in your name, many states have really stringent proof-of-ownership requirements and no flexibility, so you can't qualify for those programs," said Heather Katherine Way, a clinical professor and the director of the Housing Policy Clinic at the University of Texas School of Law.

If original owners or their heirs are unable to keep up with property taxes, property can be seized. Ms. Way's research found that single-family homes owned as heirs' property had an 18 percent delinquency rate, compared with 2 percent for other homes. Another analysis found that more than half of property tax foreclosures were heirs' properties.

The tax burden can be especially heavy for owners in areas that have undergone predrilization or single real estate appreciation, in Tarzan County, Texas. Ms. Way found, not being able to qualify for the name (homeowner/comption alone costs heirs' property owners nearly

Many states have really stringent proof-of-ownership requirements and no flexibility.

$2,000 every year or tax savings. Ms. Way added that the exemption was just one of many that heirs' property owners can't claim.

"All of the price is big one in bothering racial and economic inequality," Ms. Way said.

Experts worry that Black families remain especially vulnerable to these risks because a greater share of Black household wealth is real estate. About 44 percent of Black Americans' net worth comes from home equity, versus 49 percent for white families. The concentration warrior experts, because many of these households have few other assets they can tap into if they have a financial setback.

Laws Are Not a Panacea

Tuberculosis is playing an increasingly common entryway into homeownership, so it's very important that our laws are helping to facilitate that for the most vulnerable members of our society," Ms. Way said. To that end, more than half the states, including many Southern states where heirs' property has been common, have passed versions of the Uniform Partition of State Property Act, legislation intended to prevent partition sales.

"The U.P.H.F.A. gives them that process protection, which is aimed at keeping the property in the family whenever possible," said Jane Hovnecky, legislative counsel at the Uniform Law Commission, which developed the model legislation.

Untangling the red tape to sell a piece of property owned by potentially dozens of deceased men is an arduous process. Gina McDowell, principal attorney and founder of the Gera McDowell Law Group in Mount Pleasant, S.C., said one sale he had worked on involved 38 descendants and had taken two years to close.

"It's a shame because the land has value, but it's like herding cuts," he said.

If the original property owner dies without a will, conflicting claims about oral agreements between parents and children can leave families at loggerheads, and even with that bequeath an equal share of the home to children can lead to clashes.

"Usually the same has nothing to do with the land, but it has to do with a family dynamic that was never addressed," Ms. Stephens said.

Ms. Tate of Winston-Salem said she hoped to reach an agreement with her relatives about the grandparents' home. "I see this as an opportunity to leave something to my generation," she said. She wants her 10-year-old daughter to have a piece of that family history.

"To there's keeping the land or the home in our family would be a posture, but I don't know if my definition of legacy is the same on theirs," she said, reflecting on the barriers her grandparents faced. "I just want to honor that."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

The Booming Business of Baby Monitoring

Start-ups like Nanit provide a level of data that some find delightful and others find creepy.

By SAPHA MAHESHWARI

For all but a few nights of my first child's life, her sleep has been recorded and analyzed by the Nanit Smart Baby Monitor System. A sleek white camera, bolted to the wall, points straight down at her body. High-definition footage is housed to a server, where machine-learning algorithms log her movements and the precise moments her eyes open and close. The data are distilled into charts and insights that my husband and I review in the Nanit app: a daily "sleep efficiency" score, from zero to 100; minutes until sleep onset; the number of times we were needed over the course of a night.

Initially, we'd purchased the monitor simply for the ability to check on our daughter from anywhere using our phones. But we were quickly awed by everything else: it could do, even as I recognized how unnecessary it was to have this much data about our baby, who was in fact a pretty decent sleeper. "SO MUCH INFIRMATION," I tested a friend. "It's honestly TM! but I love it so much." The Nanit straddles the line between creepy and delightful. It is the Eye of Saurow, but it also knows when we enter our daughter's room in the morning and joy bits her face — and it sends us intelligently without messages of these moments.

When I became pregnant with a second child in 2015, my husband and I did not even have a conversation about buying another Nanit camera. We had it waiting the day she came home from the hospital.

As a tool that crams together the sweetest thing on earth — a newborn — with re-imitation data collection by a for-profit tech company, the Nanit has always been a little disconcerting. A branding consultancy that helped create the product's "visual identity" notes in a case study on its website: "The central challenge to this project was how to introduce this novel technology to the parenting market while transcending the negative connotations of 'surveillance.'"

Millennial and Gen Z parents seem to have been persuaded. Nanit says it has one million daily users and annual revenue of more than $100 million. The most expensive version of its kit costs $474 and roughly $100 a year in subscription fees. And the market for babytech is getting only more crowded.

《whe, Nanit's biggest rival, offers a $200-pulse ousterity tracker that attaches to a baby's foot through a neck. Huckleberry, a free app for tracking bedings and diaper changes, markets a $200 upgrade membership with "optimized nap predictions" and access to an artificial intelligence chatbot that, after logging your baby's habits, can

Nanit's family, an old woman, is the child with the latest Nanit, Nanit.

deliver personalized guidance and pep table. 《who’s $200 Smart Baby Monitor 3 tests "A.I.-scheduled fullables" and sends alerts when a baby's face is covered.

As the products and their promises proliferate, I've gotten a little unserved by how easy it's become to outsource daily parenting decisions to technology. The downstakes of this rush are manifest: sneakily high costs; the erosion of parents' autonomy and self-confidence; giving sensitive data to corporations. But there may be no stopping the growth of babytech as a category. Parents my age and younger are increasingly willing to embrace tracking and analytics for their children — part of a broader cultural showcase with health data and optimization. Nearly half of Americans own a wearable device, and the companies that make smart rings and smart wristbands have valuations worth of $10 billion.

Nanit and its rivals want to own 24/7 health tracking for the sub-four-foot set. And their already astonishing levels of baby data collection are just the beginning. Nanit recently raised $50 million from revenues in expand its use of A.I. and use its camera to track speech and language development, motor skills and more, while extending its presence in children's bedrooms into early adolescence.

My older daughter is now 4 and has become aware of "the Nanit," which she refers

'Adult tracking is beginning to trickle down now in a much more meaningful way to kids.'

ANDREA SALINAS CHIEF EXECUTIVE, NANIT

to by name. I decided I wanted to know more about the company whose products stare at my kids all night — and which has designs to start tracking them far more.

WHEN I VARYING Nanit's office is downtown Manhattan recently, I was greeted by the sight of a brittle baby doll lying in a $800 crib under one of the company's cameras. The doll was tied in a meدن and a $20 Nanit Broathing Band, which was printed with a sequence of squares and diamonds. By analyzing the movement of pixels, the company's software can quantify every rise and

fall of a baby's chest and send alerts to parents' phones if it directs danger.

Nanit was founded in 2014 by Annal Gaines, an Israeli who had just completed a Ph.D. in machine learning and computer vision at the Technion-based Institute of Technology. Dr. Glazer and his wife had welcomed their first child, and he was sleep-deprived. With a friend, Tor Ivry, who was expecting his third child, he began to dream up a device that could identify and analyze sleep beyond the rudimentary baby monitors then on the market.

"Nanit" was compared with words like "sunny" and "tame" in mind, and was meant to evoke "cutting-edge technology for parents," Dr. Glazer has said. (He is now the chief executive of Vinit, a food tech start-up in Israel.)

Since 2024, Nanit has been led by Annalika Salinas, 44, the former president of Rent the Runway. She oversees some 150 employees, most of whom are parents, who work under the tagline "Turn second-guessing into: 'I've got this.'" When we met at Nanit's office, Ms. Salinas was wearing an Oura ring and was also testing a Whoop band, and she spoke earnestly about how Nanit was "effectively the child answer" to such devices.

"What's happening with adult tracking is beginning to trickle down now in a much more meaningful way to kids," said Ms. Salinas, who has two of her own. "Kids aren't really starting to wear Apple Watches and things like that until around age 10 for the most part, sometimes a little younger. So we really think of that zero-to-10 for Nanit as kind of the place that we live."

Sleep tracking and optimization will remain the base of Nanit's business, Ms. Salinas said. But already, the app offers some health features, such as automatically detecting and recording audio of coughs that can be shared with pediatricians. The company sees growth potential in giving its app the ability to weigh in on speech and motor development, which Nanit's camera could track ambiosity. Hypotherically, Ms. Salinas said, the app could flag a delay and offer parents tips for improvement, like reading more bedtime stories.

Children might one day grow up to resent this intrusion, with data on their formative years stored indefinitely on a corporation's servers. (Nanit says that its data is secure and is never sold or used for marketing.) But Ms. Salinas argues that children, in the future, may want access to their earliest health analytics for a variety of reasons. "Maybe a kid wants to be a professional athlete later on and they want to be able to go back and understand how their sleep developed and what that means for their potential," she said.

She also suggested that when our own Nanit-tracked children have children, they'll value the ability to go back and look at their own bedtimes. Nanit does not store video footage forever, but her comment made me wonder if that function was inevitable. I shuddered to imagine a permanent

Above, Nanit's monitoring products include a dedicated display, cameras and a wrap that can be used to track every rise and fall of a baby's chest, Nanit's Sound and Light Machine, top left, also features audio monitoring.

KIRI KIRI KIRI KIRI, 1996, NANIT

Since 2024, Nanit has been led by Annalika Salinas, the former president of Rent the Runway. Nanit has about 150 employees, most of them parents.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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record of every time I've testify denied a fourth book ever vocal protest.

Nasti's people are upfront about not being entirely sure about all the potential uses of their devices. 'I'm not going to sit here and pretend that we know the answer is what all of this data is going to unlock in the future,' Ms. Salinas said. She pointed to recent breakthroughs from adult wearables, like deterring atrial fibrillation and the early signs of Parkinson's disease, as proof that the possibilities could be significant.

Company executives seem to have absolute conviction in the benefits of their technology. Mr. Irvy, the chief technology officer, shared more ideas. What if a v-year-old was diagnosed with a medical condition, and unique patterns from the Nasti could help explain it? 'Maybe you have a super introverted kid and you want to understand the sense of the motion patterns when they were babies kind of predicted that,' he said. 'It doesn't have to be a bad thing.'

FOR THE NANTI POLIES, it's almost silly to object to the idea of precisely tracking a baby Victoria Vaysberg, the company's marketing chief, pointed out how thoroughly surveillance-like behavior had infiltrated every part of our lives. 'We care about where our food delivery is and we want to be able to track it to the exact block until it arrives,' she told me. 'Yet there's a hesitation about knowing exactly how long your baby slept.'

Baby monitors are a relatively small industry, with sales of just $100 million last year, according to Circana, a market research firm. Turning passive monitors into active health tractors is a way of accessing a far larger pot of money. Various estimates put the size of the wearables market as approaching $100 billion, and as more consumers use them to track their activity and get algorithmic advice, applying the promise of more data – better life to children can serve like an obvious next step.

To hear the companies tell it, the benefits of embracing babytech are life changing. Nasti has claimed that its users get 30 extra nights of sleep a year, because parents feel more confident shifting babies to their own rooms earlier, and that its monitoring can prevent a baby's skull from getting fat. The company has paid for studies on new parents' sex habits and suggested that buying a Nasti can lead to more intercourse. Owlet and blackbiteery say that more than 90 percent of their customers enjoy better sleep.

Kurt Workman, the chief executive of Owlet, which he co-founded in 2012 in Utah, told me that he had noticed parents were asking 'way fewer questions on how the data can be useful, and what it could mean, and to it safe.' The company, which is public, had revenue of $100 million last year and says that more than 2.5 million people have used its products. 'We have parents who are like, I know I can put my baby to sleep when their heart rate goes below this level, and they'll stay asleep,' Ms. Workman said. 'We're already starting to back that.'

In 2015, the Food and Drug Administration sees Mr. Workman a working letter after finding that Owlet had initiated a federal law with marketing that viewed into the realm of medical devices: Ads for Owlet's Smart Sock product had promised the device would alert parents about dangerous changes in their children's pulse scan and blood oxygen levels. Now Owlet sells as

Owlet is Nasti's biggest rival. Among other products, it offers a $200 pulse extrovert tracker that attaches to a baby's feet through a sock.

Bethesda Diamond, a pediatrician and an assistant professor

F.D.A.-approved Dream Sock, touring 'medical-grade monitoring' that 'gives you real-time visibility into your baby's wellness, so you know, not guess.'

Some pediatricians have criticized Owlet for marketing that makes use of fear — its website includes testimonials from families who say their babies could have faced 'heart failure' had they not been wearing its device — and for causing unnecessary anxiety. When the Dream Sock malfunctions, parents think their baby has stopped breathing. Ms. Workman argues that the stories about Owlet catching life-threatening conditions are 'incredible' proof points. 'That's a real-world, tangible impact to having access to health technology,' he said. 'It's not to scare people but to show that this is real.'

A DIFFERENT READ of the babytech industry is that it's all nonsense: Infants survived just fine before cameras with infrared sight vision, humidity sensors and 250-bit encryption. My mother, who raised three of us, has made us secret that she thinks my generation is crazy. Recently, she got together with some of the Indian auction whose children I grew up with. They hooded, laughing, over the protocols they were subject to when asked to handle their grandchildren's bedtimes — the Nantis and Owlet, the sound machines and temperature controls, the precise sequencing that would make a

nuclear reactor shutdown seem casual. The auction were entertained and baffled by how different these routines were from their own experiences of early motherhood, which they recalled as more relaxed.

When I put the Nasti app on my mom's phone for an evening of babysitting, she was bewildered by the phone notifications and mystified by why I would even want the analytics, had she plainly doesn't like it when I use the app to check, a little compulsively, if my sleeping kids are, in fact, sleeping, in her view, it's all anxiety inducing. She was worried out by the idea that my kids' data would live on a server and that they would perhaps be able to retrieve it someday. 'Too much,' she said.

For all of Nasti's claims and ambitions, parents often take to social media to complain that its most basic data can be wrong. The camera will flag visits or cries that didn't actually happen.

Bethesda Diamond, a pediatrician and an assistant professor at Columbia University, worries that parents who rely on these devices are numbing their natural instincts and allowing technology to interfere with one of the most universal and meaningful of human experiences. 'I'm very cautious and wary of the big picture of kid-tracking and health-tracking and health monitoring, when it comes to this hyper-detailed, hyper-obsessive way it seems to be unwilling,' she told me. 'Parents are losing a little bit of the

reazole of their own confidence and decision-making.'

In other words, baby-tracking devices can be intimidating. 'What would you do if you didn't have this app that said your baby needs a stair?' Dr. Diamond said. 'You'd look at your baby. And see that they look tired.'

KURT WORKMAN SAYS their views in fear. In 1932, American parents were horrified to learn that Charles A. Cunthright's toddler son had been taken from his second-floor nursery, and eventually killed, while five adults were in the home. A few years later, Zenith Radio Corporation introduced the first commercial baby monitor. The 'Radio Nurse' was designed to be 'on guard' for babies and the sick and elderly. An instruction manual read. 'If the baby cries — if the invalid wants a glass of water — if there is a fire — if an intruder enters — YOU KNOW IT INSTANTLY.'

Nasti, Owlet, and their competitors still operate in this space. The comedian John Madaney recently rifled on his toddler son's sleep setup, saying his bedroom looked like a 'C.I.A. black site,' with a blackout tent over his crib. 'I don't know why we have 24-hour CCTV footage of my son's crib, he's not going anywhere — he sleeps in a bag,' he said. 'We then have three sound machines going at full blast. And because we read it once on Instagram, we keep his nursery at 60 degrees. Any warmer and your infant will die automatically.'

One person who remains obfarious to all this parental anxiety is my older daughter. The Nasti is just a feature in her room. She understands that she can speak to my husband and me through the device, whose four red lights think to power its night-vision, and that we can see her at night through our phones. I imagine that she would develop sharper feelings about the camera if it started to play an extended role in her life, for years to come.

Nasti believes that one solution for that, as it looks to extend its presence in children's bedrooms beyond toddlerhood, is new covers, known as 'Cantrons,' that can make the monitor look like a tunny, a bear or an elephant. Ms. Salinas said that making the camera look like a little friend or toy could 'generate a lot more love' for it. But, she added, 'Each family is going to have to decide on their own if their child is OK with having the camera in the room as they get to the age that they're making their own decisions.'

In her view, this is the start of a new future, a library of health data from cradle to grave. 'The adoption curve accelerated significantly over the last few years.' Ms. Salinas said, 'and I expect that to continue — such that it'll be almost every parent that will have some product like Nasti that will help them have much richer insights on their child and who they're becoming.'

Even before I first met Ms. Salinas, I had been wondering when to remove the Nasti from its perch above my older daughter's bed, like may simply outgrow it before my husband and I come to a formal opinion on privacy versus convenience. These days, she no longer says, and in the mornings she is so likely to greet us in our own bed than the other way around. There's still joy on her face, and I make sure to see it there, rather than on a screen.

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Help Wanted 2026

Help Wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

The New York Times

Provide a comprehensive subscription. nytimes.com/obwork

Help Wanted 2026

Help Wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm

because: HELP wanted, Mr. Jiggs, was asking, to the address, to contact me, and he thought, "I'm not going to be a new person." I'm going to be a new person. I'm

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

N 36 | 9

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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14. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
15. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
16. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
17. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
18. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
19. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
20. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.
21. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99.

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N 80 11

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JOBS

A global user of a digital data system, and using the device or a computer, will be used to create, visit, process,,easy,jobs.

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Following the facts,

wherever they lead.

We interrogate the world with curiosity rather than certainty, remaining skeptical, humble and searching as we explore every story, no matter how well we think we know a topic.

The New York Times

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12

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

In Memoriam

It is with deep sadness that the Bolfo family announces the passing of Bruno Bolfo—beloved husband, father, grandfather, and founder of Duferco Group—who died peacefully in his beloved wife’s arms in Lugano, Switzerland, on July 17, 2026, at the age of 84.

Born in Lavagna, Italy, Bruno Bolfo was one of the outstanding figures of the global steel industry. He began his career at Siderexport, the international trading arm of Italsider, where he rapidly distinguished himself as one of the company’s most promising young executives. During those years he also worked in New York, gaining invaluable experience in international commodity markets and developing the global outlook that would shape the rest of his career.

In 1979, together with a small group of fellow Ligurians, he founded Duferco in New York City and São Paulo, Brazil, after leaving Siderexport. What began as an entrepreneurial venture grew into one of the world’s leading industrial and trading groups, with operations spanning the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia. Under his leadership, Duferco successfully expanded beyond steel into energy, shipping, logistics and other strategic sectors while remaining true to its industrial roots.

A visionary entrepreneur, Bruno Bolfo possessed a rare ability to anticipate profound changes in global markets. He transformed uncertainty into opportunity through courage, integrity and an unwavering commitment to innovation. His entrepreneurial interests also extended to hospitality, wine production and medical technology, always guided by a long-term vision and a deep belief in the value of people.

Despite his international success, he remained remarkably humble. He led with discretion rather than prominence, earning admiration for his integrity, balance and quiet determination. Those who knew him remember not only an exceptional businessman, but also a generous mentor who believed that optimism, trust and respect were the true foundations of every enduring enterprise.

He left us as he lived: quietly, with the sober, reserved style and unmistakable understatement that defined his life.

His greatest legacy is not only the global company he created, but also the values he leaves behind: optimism, respect for others, confidence in younger generations and the conviction that entrepreneurship is one of the highest expressions of human creativity.

He is survived by his wife, two children, and two grandchildren, and by generations of colleagues, partners and friends across the world who had the privilege of working alongside him.

His vision will continue to inspire. His example will never be forgotten.

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2 A SCREAM IN THE MGMT

Partying down with a horror film's cast. BY KELLINA MOORE

4 MODERN LOVE

Happy in marriage, and then in being alone. BY ANNE KORZEN

13 WEDDING PREDICTIONS

Couples integrate betting into their big day. BY ELLEN O'BRIEN

5 SOCIAL MEDIA

A store's 'No Influencers' sign. BY MARIOUS MALONE KIRCHER

LIFESTYLE | RELATIONSHIPS | SOCIETY

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2008

SundayStyles

The New York Times

Yes, there are health benefits.

But bars are closing. Jobs are going away.

And a way of being together feels harder to find.

What Else Are We Losing When We Give Up Booze?

BY GINIA BELLAFANTE | PAGE 10

Noah Blau with Aitana Doyle on a shoot in Brooklyn for his series "Errands."

It Sounds Boring. Somehow, It Isn't.

With his cult-hit online series 'Errands,' Noah Blau has made the mundane fascinating.

By ALEX VAHURUS.

On a dead-end street lined with auto body shops in the Bushwick, neighborhood of Brooklyn, a 20-year-old filmmaker named Noah Blau trained his Sony camcorder on Aitana Doyle, an aspiring actress and waitress, as she anxiously practiced for

her driver's test.

Blau was taping an episode for his cult Instagram show, "Errands," which deca- ments his friends undertaking tasks around New York City with an approach that elevates their mundane minutes into here's journeys. Episodes have included an excursion to hang a window curtain and a trip to replace a broken skateboard.

Wearing red socks and Texas, Blau inter- viewed Doyle outside the rental Chevy she was using to practice parallel parking along the desolate street.

"Aitana, explain to me the situation," Blau said.

"Today I'm taking my driver's test," Doyle, 33, said. "I started lessons two years ago, but I kept getting scared and chicken- ing out. But now I need it. Because I keep doing acting jobs where I drive, and I keep lying about having my driver's license."

"Either I've got it in the bag," she added, "or I'm going to fail smoothly."

Blau fumbled for the yellow legal pad that serves as the show's title card. "I ♥ CONTINUED ON PAGE 5

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2 01

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

Margaritas With L.A.'s Most Joyful Horror Fans

The cast of 'Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Masons' pack El Coyote, fake blood and all.

By KELLINA MOORE

Chattering interviews and film stars snapped talking suddenly on Wednesday night at the actor Jack Haven, standing before a line of reporters, let out a piercing screen and pointed in the distance.

The crowd turned to stare at Haven, who was mid-interview on a fake grass carpet, stained with fake red blood, at the premiere of 'Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Masons,' from the director Jane Schoenbrun.

The film, a horror movie made by horror fans, stars the comedian Hannah Eishinder as Kris, a director reheating a beloved slasher franchise who becomes obsessed with the star of the original film, played by Gillian Anderson.

The movie was a breakout hit at the Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Queer Palm, which honors films that spotlight L.G.R.T.O.L.A - themes or feminist perspectives, or challenge gender norms. Distributed by think, the film will open to theaters on Friday.

'Making this movie was the best and most joyful experience of my life — period,' Schoenbrun said when introducing the film at the Directors Guild of America. Themes on Sunset Boulevard, before a crowd that included the actor Kristen Stewart and the showrunners behind 'Hacks,' Paul W. Downs, Lucia Asimbo and Jen Stansky.

Schoenbrun, who also wrote and directed the films 'I Saw the TV Give' and 'We're All Going to the World's Fair,' said they had loved scary movies since they were young.

'I think when you're a kid growing up in a really normal quasi-unipaste place,' Schoenbrun said, 'and you're like a little freak, you look for all of the places that are giving you clues that the world is maybe a little wonder and creeper than everyone is telling you it is.'

Anderson said she did not watch many horror films, after seeing 'Texas Chateaux Massacre' when she was very young and

After the screening, viewers seemed more energized than scared.

was 'stuck in a brown house having smoked some really strong weed.'

But Eishinder, who said she wasn't easily scared, thinks horror and comedy are similar because both 'top into something visceral in the body' she said.

After the screening, the viewers seemed more energized than scared as they shot. Bad into black cars for an after-party at El Coyote, an enduring Mexican restaurant known for its margaritas and for serving the last meal in some of the Masons family's victims in 1949.

Outside the restaurant, under glowing neon lights, hopeful fans soaked with 'X-Files' posters, trying to flag down the stars for autographs. Inside, the cast and crew packed into vinyl booths, under a ceiling dripping with pilates and multicolored string lights, and attached its queuedline and fried chicken maggots.

'Coyote is a Los Angeles couple,' explained Eishinder, who said she had spent time at the restaurant in high school. 'It's buzzing and always teeming with life.'

Anderson said she hadn't been back in 20 years. 'And I used to come regularly,' she added.

The actor Mark Sublicson, a star of 'Hacks,' grabbed a blood-red cocktail jolly as he made his way to the patio, where guests gathered and smoked around a stucco fireplace. Stewart, wearing a bright

orange beanie and cutoff shorts, lit a cigarette for Natakiy Inside, as Robyn's 'Dancing on My Over' blared over the speakers, Haven huddled in a booth with Keir Gilchrist, who starred in the television series 'Voyकर्त' alongside Haven.

Around the restaurant, guests also discussed how horror movies can offer viewers a way to process emotions that can feel dark and shameful. (Throughout the film, Eishinder's and Anderson's characters work through their own sexual hang-ups, finding new kinds of pleasure.)

'Four different people have said to me — literally four,' Anderson recounted, 'It's about orgasms, right?'

Top, the cast and crew of 'Teenage Sex and Death at Camp Masons' at the film's premiere in Los Angeles. Center row from left: jolly shots at the after-party at El Coyote; Hannah Eishinder's six-theme radio; and Ernie X Lucy, screen. From far left: Jack Haven; Kristen Stewart.

CRITIC'S NOTEBOOK | VANESSA FRIEDMAN

Just a Couple of Posts and Voilà: An Image Overhaul

An unexpected social media move by Bernard Arnault, the chairman of LVMH.

FOR THE POST GOOD years, Bernard Arnault, mastermind and chairman of LVMH, owner of Dior, Louis Vuitton and Tiffany, architect of the modern luxury industry and erstwhile richest man in the world (currently No. 10), has been quietly making an effort to soften his image. Or at least round it out, the better to offer an alternative to the narrative that paints him as a superiors capnated and engineer of family-exerting companies, famous for wrigting geodic creative spirits dry.

He spent hundreds of millions of dollars on the Routledge Louis Vuitton, the maintain in the Best de Boulogne that will become a gift to Paris, and underwrote the Paris Olympics. He has begun emphasizing the amount of taxes he pays, and the hundreds of thousands of people he employs. In turn we must be accustomed interview. All to not much avail.

When his name was mentioned, it was still attached to words like 'cold', 'varibless' and 'fascicardial' (set to mention the sickle and/or the West is common in the literature) and 'the Machiavelli of Finance.'

Well, it turned out all he really needed was an X.

Or rather, all he really needed was a gentleman - self-depressing, three-page open letter titled 'thank you' that the LVMH press office passed an X. The letter was his response to a much-hellyhound carpet investigation series by the newspaper. A release that was never been handy, but five children and succession planning, his relationship to politicians, his business strategy and so on.

In it, rather than accuse the reporters of errors, he simply made his of what had been presented an certain telling details (the idea that he made visitors who showed up with Bernato into change their clothes; the trim figures of all his employees; his family meals). The effect was to transform them from abut moments into ha-ha moments, and showcase a quality that no one had ever really associated with Arnault before, at least not publicly: a series of humor. And the effect of that was to transform Arnault, almost overnight, from an enigminated automation into a relatable human being.

To start the post, which went live last Sunday, has been viewed nearly eight million times. It has been applauded by as diverse a group as Bill Ackman, the billionaire hedge

fund manager and activist inventor, who encouraged his followers to read it. Nadhim Zahawi, the British politician and former chancellor of the Exchequer, who called it 'a tour de force', and Louis Phuam, the cultural critic/industry watchdog, who called it 'sassy'.

It has made Arnault a hero, at least momentarily, of the Trumpworld masters of the universe (or would-be masters of the universe), who charred on his daughter, in the media, and fasteners social media chattering clues - two extra chambers that normally have nothing to do with each other.

The reaction was so unexpected that Arnault did an even more uncharacteristic thing. He made his debut on X on Monday, at age 77, with a start to off of the people who liked or repeated or otherwise helped plat-

Bernard Arnault in 2015, above left, and right, with his family in 2015. They were part of the focus of an investigative series by the newspaper Le Monde that inadvertently led to the transformation of Arnault's image from an enigma-minded autothetical into a relatable human being.

her to his letter. 'I was deeply touched by the many messages you sent me following my open letter to Le Monde,' he wrote. 'I wanted to thank each and every one of you, directly and personally, here on X.' That one has been viewed more than 11.5 million times.

According to Antoine Arnault, the LVMH head of image (a position created in 2018 specifically to address the issues of public perception) and Bernard Arnault's debut son, the letter was entirely his father's idea, as was joining X.

It certainly marks a shift in approach for the executive, who in the past rarely responded to criticism or coverage — at least unless it came from a business opponent in the middle of an acquisition fight. It seemed even more personal than a Woplan-minute interview for the podcast 'Legend' released at the beginning of the month in which Arnault occasionally laughed and otherwise let his transplants hate down.

And in that may be a lesson for luxury, a universe built on the two poles of mystique and control and a reluctance to let anyone see behind the velvet curtain. By revealing an ability to laugh at himself in a somewhat smacky, made-for-the-interest way, rather than simply given the formal attack, Arnault let his feelings show. He also got a little mercy.

More has traditionally been a quickly assiduously avoided by the luxury world. But there is clearly a free line between the perception of magic and the feeling of manipulation, and fashion consumers have begun to sense more of the latter in their interactions with brands and the people who make them. Sales have shrunk, and a backlash has been brewing. The industry itself may be in need of some image rehab. It should take note.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

37 3

Two Words Cause Many on Nantucket to Weigh In

A sign that a shop posted online was just 'tongue-in-cheek,' the owner says. Others disagreed.

By MARINTH MALONE KIRCHER

You could call it a sign of the times.

It read "No Influencers," said John Sylvia, hung it up earlier this summer in Four Winds Craft Guild, his artisan craft and antique store on Nantucket, Mass., where shoppers browse and buy New England usually, like handmade basket purses that start at around $1,600.

In keeping with the island's mankind style, the words were embossed in gold lettering on handmade quarterboard that dangled from a chain on the ceiling.

"I feel sometimes my store is used as someone's background, a magic," said Sylvia, whose family has also owned Sylvia. Ashtrays for almost a century, it is a photo interview. (The two stories share a space.) Visitors take photos and videos but don't make purchases or even try to engage him in public conversation, he said.

The sign wasn't meant to be interpreted literally, Sylvia, 38, said. "I don't have this hatred toward influencers," he added. "It was more of a joke. It is a problem we should look at as a society."

But when Sylvia's partner, Jessica Jenkins, who is 34 and manages the store's social media, posted a picture of the sign on Instagram, it quickly cut to the core of strongly held feelings about people who film content for a living — and others who have begun to initiate them.

Some people praised the business for taking a stand against what they saw as a penny modern annoyance. Others were quick to criticize the way the sign appeared to include a specific group of people, stating that plenty of visitors to the store who do not identify as influencers might also be have similarly.

And then, pouring accelerant on the debate, there was one person who claimed that to bar influencers from the shop was able to barring women.

That person was Paige Paul, a content creator with over a million followers whose lifestyle brand, Dairy Boy, recently opened a store on Nantucket.

"Meeting women when they become powerful in a new industry isn't new." Paul more widely known as Paige Lawton for her, quarrying the whole photo "Nanny Paul, wrote in a comment under the Instagram post. "It's just a strange message coming from a store that celebrates a craft with such a rich history of women shaping the island and its economy." (Paul did not respond to an interview request.)

Sylvia maintained that the sign was intended only as a "tongue-in-cheek" commentary on the rise of influencer culture, he said.

The post that included the sign was later removed by Instagram. Jenkins said, but the discussion about the presence of people milling about the island, taking photos and showing videos, has continued.

"I feel that whenever I open Instagram, I see someone show me a guide of what to wear, a guide of where to eat, a guide of what to buy, a guide of how to park for Nantucket," said Jenkins, who is a year-round resident.

Walking around town, she said, she's in, andated with "people creating videos on corners of themselves stigning as kind coffee and looking over their shoulder and doing a shoe kick or whatever."

Stephanie Sproule, owner of the Nantucket home goods store Bodega, said she had noticed a rise in "people get here to take their picture and to be on the Nantucket." She described visitors trying to navigate celebrations streets in berth and said a friend who lived near a particularly

picturesque, hydrangea-filled wharf had said her about women showing up with racks of clothing to stage photo sheets.

Last summer, a content creator named Kyle Swanson drew to from some Nantucket residents and business owners after leaving a four-day adult summer camp ($1,000 per person — and soliciting local businesses for free goods and services.

This summer, brands like Hotel Lobby Candle and Euro-Eishman have transparent select groups of content creators in the island for brand trips complete with lavish gifts and experiences.

Sanibel Lazar, a New York-based writer and college atheonome consultant who spent her childhood visiting Nantucket for the summer, said she too had noticed the changes.

New visitors to Nantucket, Lazar said, can expect to experience a "much more hypocritical version than, say, 10 years ago because so many people are using it as a

PR, trip destination."

Some brands and business have begun to cater to these newcomers, she said. This summer, she noticed that a group had brought in plastic, photo-ready hydrangean, simple simple real ones on the island.

Can't be like a "fake world that's not easy to the real thing," she said. "Brands — for photos, for social media content — they need to turn the volume up even more on the preferences," she added.

Amy McAverity, 25, who grew up on Nantucket and is a content creator on TikTok who regularly posts about the island, was wary of being painted with the same broad brush.

"I do feel like there are definitely influencers who come for the day or for a few days who are inconsistent and they don't respect the island," said McAverity, who is spending her summer working at a Pilates studio. "I think a lot of locals get kind of territorial about Nantucket, and so do summer people, which I think is funny."

Sylvia's "No Influencers" sign is the latest in a string of attempts by businesses to provide a counterweight to the power of social media. In 2023, a cafe in Brooklyn issued a ban on taking photos and videos inside to crack down on the use of the minimalist, well-designed space as a backdrop for influencers' content. That same year, a town in Vermont known for its full foliage was forced to close roads after pasts on TikTok and Instagram led to an influx of ill-behaving visitors.

But much as the shopkeepers in Nantucket are learning, such efforts may ultimately draw more attention. Which isn't necessarily a bad thing for business.

Jenkins noted that the Four Winds Craft Guild Instagram account had picked up about 6,000 new followers since she posted the sign. "It's none with a lot of drama, but it also brings in business," she added.

On Tuesday, Paul posted a photo from Dairy Boy, her shop in Nantucket, with a sign of its own: "Everyone Welcome."

Visitors take photos, but some don't buy anything.

The "No Influencers" sign, above, at Four Winds Craft Guild, John Sylvia's store on Nantucket, Mass. Left, the influencer Paige Paul, who corresponds a large social media following, was among those who criticized the sign. Below, Brian Price Lighthouse is one of many spots popular with Nantucket tourists.

Those Buff Matt Damon Biceps Are Actually Hers

Devyn Dalton, a 4-foot-6 woman, is the leading man's stunt double in 'The Odyssey.'

By ALISSA HARDINGAN GOFFA

Last week, the actor Devyn Dalton received, quite possibly, the world's biggest compliment.

She was in New Zealand filming her next project, when she was awakened at a age by the buzz of her phone. "I was like, 'What is going on?' It just blew up — my phone was going crazy," Dalton, 34, said.

What was going on was that the actor Matt Damon, who plays Odysseus in Christopher Nolan's interpretation of Homer's epic tale, had said to us interview that she had "the greatest arms I have ever seen." Her friends were sending her clips of the interview as it was ripping through the interest.

Damon had been discussing one of the film's pivotal scenes when he gently corrected his intermission, who had mistakenly assumed the biopsy in the shot were his own. They belonged to Dalton, who notes that the surprise in about 10 years was that she. She's a woman standing in for a male actor, for starters; she's also a man 6 in the man's roughly 5-foot-10 frame.

It's a bit of movie magic. Damon excuses her to be a man who is about the mass eating Laundrypersons, Nolan used a technique called "forced perspective" to make Odysseus' army appear minuscule.

A shot of Dalton from behind in the scene, holding a sword and ready to pounce at the guard, is used to use of the posters for the stores.

Dalton, born and raised in Canada, trained as a doctor initially and started performing stunts in 2011 after she was cast in

the "Planet of the Ages" trilogy. Her more recent credits include "Wrappers" and "The Last of Us."

She has found herself in such high-sitting action sequences that she can never tell her mother what she's working on because "it breaks her out," Dalton said. "I just tell her 'I'm going to work.'"

"The Odyssey" is the first time Dalton has done stunts for a male 4-letter — a rare feat in an industry where, according to the SAG-AFTR4 union, women make up little more than 20 percent of most performers.

In a conversation with The New York Times, mined and condemned for clarity, she discussed her latest role and her other main work.

Is it common practice for a woman to double for a male load? Have you done that before?

Definitely not common. I think men have been doubling for women for longer in the industry. But with stunts, the main thing is, who is the best for the while they're looking for, physically? And, most importantly, who has the specific skill set needed? Increasingly, with wardrobe, hair and makeup, we get to do more magic and transform people, and it doesn't matter to much about gender. This is the first time doubling for a Hollywood leading man. I never thought I would have that on my request.

Have you received this kind of specific about-out from a leading actor before?

It is uncommon because, even though you're at time of the camera, if you're also liking and you've done your job right, the audience shouldn't know it's you. Part of our job is being hidden. I have to say a huge

Left, a shot from a fight scene in 'The Odyssey' with the most women Devyn Dalton standing in for Matt Damon. Dalton, above, has been performing stunts since 1981, Christopher Nolan's "The Odyssey" is the first time she has done stunts for a male 4-letter.

A bit of movie magic makes up for a 16-inch height difference.

thank you to Matt for being so generous.

Were you and Damon on set together working on that fight choreography?

Yeah. Most of the time, on any film I've been on, you and up working with the actor and being there on the same day because you're both a part of a sequence and you're both portraying the same character.

When doubling for someone, I'll always specifically start this, what feet did they walk with first? People also just have little insomncies, like they might beat to one side or move a certain way. So I study all of that and try to return it exactly. That's what sells it so well on camera.

Did you need any special training for this role?

This has been years of work building out my skills. I try to be very versatile by doing a lot of different training methods to just stay ready, so that whenever the phone rings, I'm sure, "Yes, I've good to go."

That's the thing with stunts — the training never ends. In the past, I've done a few really cost-underwater fight scenes, and so I took courses that focused on water safety. In each building and cold water because a lot of the times you're not working in a warm situation and so you have to learn how to manage the temperature. And you're in costume and makeup and you have to be un207-men with your eyes open.

Are there stunts you've had to do that started yet?

I think the four for me always comes from a piece of military wry high standards for myself. I always want to do a really good job.

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4 IT

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

SEEN ON THE STREET

Devoted to a Friend, a Country and an Era

Photographs and Text by SOMBARASHE CHA

A 1970s Fantasy, Created on the Cheap

JAMES RUTHERFORD, LONDON

"I'm quite fortunate to enjoy the '70s men's wear because very few other people do," James Rutherford said when I met him over the Blackfriars station of the London Underground. He was wearing a vintage brown suit that he said he had found no eBay. "It's really a reviled decade, you know, so far as men's fashion is concerned," he said, "so you can pick up some really eye-catching items very cheaply." Originally from Northern Ireland, Rutherford, 34, works in the legal department of a financial technology company and was carrying a leather sanchet.

Homemade Shirts To Back Their Team

TOMINO TANAKA-ITO, LEFT, AND YUAN-ITO, NEW JERSEY

"I was thinking for a long time — like, two or three months," Tommy Tanaka-Ito, 64, said when I asked about the curious Senegalese-flag shirts she and her husband, Yujin Ito, 43, were wearing at Senegal's World Cup match against France last month in East Rutherford, N.J. "When I started to see, it took maybe three or four days." Her affinity for Senegal dams to her teenage years is Japan, when her father, a judo instructor, had Senegalese students in his days. After moving to New York City, she forged connections with its Senegalese community.

Years After College, on the Same Wavelength

AIDEN SMITH, LEFT, AND ANGELINA ELLIS, LOS ANGELES

"We have probably matched like this many, many times in our lives," Aiden Smith, 27, said of her outfit overlap with Angelina Ellis, 27, whom she has known since they both ran track at Barber University in Indianapolis. I met the two friends in the Venue neighborhood of Los Angeles in June. There was something about the synergy between Ellis's slightly cropped knit sweater and cutoff pots and Smith's

starry cardigan and similarly sheared denim skirt — it was just too good to be a coincidence. The two were coassmanns for all four years of college and try to see each other as often as possible, despite living in different states. The quality of the ensembles has varied through the years. "We always had distinct fashion scenes," Smith said, "and there's been many times we borrowed each other's things."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

MODERN LOVE

The Marriage I Cherished No Longer Existed

Coming to accept what it really means to know that nothing will ever remain the same.

By ANNIE KORZIN

Benni and I were married for almost 61 years, until our late 80s. We were not a perfect match. He was an early birth. I'm a night owl. He watched sports and news; I binge British crime dramas. He liked home; I like out.

On the other hand, he took an abiding in terror in my work, drove me wherever I had to go and always left me the last few cherries in the bowl. We raised a great kid. We traveled. We had a good life.

And then we got old, and the fun was over. Benni got sick, groaned, kidney, heart-eyes, thyroid, arthritis, sepsis. I spent hours in emergency rooms and I.C.U. units, and days on hold with insurance companies and banks and home health care agencies.

I had always believed I would be too sickish and squarantish to be a caretaker, but sometime I managed to clean his surgical wounds, change his catheters and help him shower. That was tough, but even tougher was watching Benni's mind disastrous and happiness.

He would decide to make himself a morning snack by boiling three pounds of potatoes and then forget to turn off the stove until the smoke alarm went off. He couldn't remember how to work the TV remote and spent hours just snaring into space. In my darkest moments, I reread a Buddhist quote a friend had shared: 'Suffering begins when the mind expects permanence from what is designed to change. Accept that nothing will remain the same.'

I had to accept that the marriage I cherished no longer existed, and the husband I cherished had disappeared.

Caring for Benni became a full-time occupation, and I put my own life on hold. I postponed haircuts and canceled dental appointments, and I did something on freelance actor/writer even does: I turned down jobs. I lost any interest in socializing (what would I talk about?) I did also our small moments of pleasure: a short sunset walk around our Los Angeles neighborhood, an afternoon sun, a soothing day of animal life and chocolate. But still, when I write up in the morning, I troubled the girls day ahead, and I feared the bleak life ahead.

Benni, on the other hand, believed his condition was just a temporary glitch, and he assured everyone that he was getting better every day. Being in denial can sometimes be a blessing. Then one day Benni fell and suddenly — without fear or pain — he was gone. (If you could choose your eats, pick cardiac arrest.)

I called 911 and contacted one neighbor. Soon there were a dozen more who stayed and helped me through the endless hours of dealing with the ambulation. On police, the collection of the body and the locating of various documents, I can't imagine how I would have handled all that on my own.

Our group halted from Germany, Mexico, India and Texas. They brought wine and snacks. We played Benni's favorite Louis Armstrong song — 'What a Wonderful World' — and laughed at stories about my husband's often eccentric behavior. That simple, spontaneous vigil was the memorial my nevinces, no less husband would have wanted.

ANNIE KORZIN, an actor and writer in Los Angeles, is the author of 'The Book of Annie: Human Brain and Changing From an Accidental Influence'

EMAIL moderation@nytimes.com

The next day I created myself to a long walk, and after a gentle shower, the sky over our house was lit up by the most spectacular rainbow I had ever seen. A few minutes later, some friends called to say that a hawk had landed on their windowsill and stared at them for 15 minutes before flying off. They said the hawk was Benni, saying hello and goodbye.

Now I do not believe in ghosts or spirits or any of that stuff. When one of my airy days friends tells me to 'flamp an open mind,' I say, 'Don't keep your mind on open that your brains fall out.' But cynical as I am, I still found great comfort in the poetry of rainbows and bird visits the day after my husband's death.

Our son, Jonathan, flew out from the other coast, and we decided to have people over from 5 to 7 every night during his visit. These unconventional skins/rocktail parties were a wonderful way for me to re-enter the world of the living. I got rid of the ovens; I had been wearing for months and rediscovered the pleasures of bright red lipstick and statement necklaces. My ass took over all the household chores, which was a god-

For the first time in forever, the only person I must take care of is me, and I don't find myself very demanding.

send because I hate household chores, and I'll had full responsibility for them during Benni's decline.

After Jonathan left, I had to learn to live alone. I was no longer a 'we' but an 'U.' I created four rules for my new life as a singleton.

First, get all the help you can with the practical stuff. Social Security denied my widow's benefits because they lost their copy of my marriage certificate. It took me and a social worker many phone calls and an office visit to clean up that mess.

Second, stay busy. Every day, I assigned myself a household task: a chef, a drawer, a closet. It was liberating to organize the chaos. Benni had left behind. Plus, I came across some sweet forgotten objects, like a charming drawing he had deadled of the two of us.

Third, pamper yourself. I indulged in a massage, a facial and a man/pack for the first time in ages, and they all felt blissful. Maybe I just needed to be touched.

Fourth, engage with a live human at least once a day. I actively rebooted my social life, and when I didn't have a date, I would stroll to the local thrill shop for some retail therapy, and I usually ran into someone who would stop and schimmin.

Those four rules have helped me adapt to my new side life, which has contained some of the most common issues. When the young mother behind me at the market had a cart overflowing with gallons of milk, boxes of cereal and bags of chips, my wagon was a sad contrast with its meager selection of a small container of milk, some frozen egg rolls and one banana. It checked me to realize that I wouldn't want to change places with her.

Sure, she has a full life, but she was going home to a chaotic household with a needy family, while I looked forward to returning to a sanctuary of rest, respite and recovery. For the first time in forever, the only person I must take care of is me, and I don't find myself very demanding.

When people after their weepy condolences, they seem taken aback when I assure them, with dry eyes, that I'm doing quite well. I am not the grieving widow they expected, and I myself wonder what is wrong with me. Why am I not feeling the overwhelming sadness you're supposed to feel at the death of a beloved husband?

I think the answer is that I lost Benni while he was still alive, and that's when I mastered him — in secret and for a long time. What I'm experiencing now, more than sorrow, is a welcome sense of relief. I loved being married to Benni, and now I love being alone. How can both things be true? 'Accept that nothing remains the same.'

Of course, there are still melancholy moments. I get a Worlds in one, and Benni wasn't there for a high-five. I catch myself setting the table for two and fluffing up the globe on his side of the bed. When I hear a funny joke, I can't wait to share it with my husband. I have stopped reading about foreign travel because I don't want to be reminded of the trips Benni and I dreamed of talking.

At the same time, I am grateful for my newfound freedom. I eat when I want, watch what I want and sleep the whole night through without waiting from disturbing dreams to an even more disturbing reality.

I'm planning to change my hair color and am thinking of getting a dog. I have rediscovered the simple pics of everyday life and, to my great astonishment, I have frequent flashes of something I thought I would never feel again. I believe it's called happiness. Please don't judge me.

Tiny Love Stories Back on Land

After years of trying for another baby, I couldn't stop thinking about Florida's Week! 'Karma mermaids' — women undulating undercover in bright tails and fixed lipstick. My husband saw how grief had followed me out and told me to go. So I left our family vacation in Gulf Shores, Ala., drove on hours alone to a sweet common to watch the show, then skipped the hotel I'd booked and drove back that same day. When it ended, all I wanted was my husband and daughter. I left looking for a miracle. Instead, I came home to the two I already had. BETHAVE FORBES

For more readers' stories and to submit your own: nytimes.com/toplovestories

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8 01

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

The Series ‘Errands’ Sounds Boring. Somehow, It Isn’t.

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

‘Errands,’ it read. He filmed her as she held it up.

“Seriously, Doyle got in the car and eased into a spot. She then opened the door and triumphantly evaluated her proximity to the curls.

“Squats show helps people appreciate the little ones in life,” Doyle said afterward. “The people on his show aren’t celebrities like an ‘Subway Takes.’ They’re average Joes going about their day. Sometimes you spend your day accomplishing nothing but an errand, and that’s important, too.”

Since Bliss posted the first episode of “Errands” 10 months ago — a followed a friend named Maria and her quest to find a grab way — the show has won a small yet forceful following in the post-‘Subway Takes’ era of algorithm-suscribing New York social media content.

Filmed in in-6 style, and accompanied by triage just their scores, the show approaches errands like action odyssey. There’s one about a post named Bernard who brings his broken CD player to an appliance repair store in Chinatown. Another

follows an unweighted writer named Brittany as she sells her paperbacks at Melancon Books. An actor named Jeremy Searches for his last cat.

Jeremy never ends up finding his cat, and failure is a theme of the show. Another episode follows a D.J. named Declan, who goes to traffic court hoping to contest what he considers an unjust biking ticket, only to encounter an unsympathetic judge. “We won some, we lost some,” Declan says afterward, smoking a cigarette.

“The failure rate is actually really high,” Bliss said. “At first I thought that was going to be a problem, but it’s only been great for the show. The show is about: ‘I am not in do something, and did I accomplish it?’ So as members in the errand might be, everyone understands that feeling.”

Another element of the show’s appeal, he said, has to do with its glimpses into the banal moments of everyday life.

“All great films are voyeuristic in some way,” Bliss said, “and now we’re all voyeuristic online. People get embarrassed when they’re seen carrying toilet paper home. But why is that? We know you use

Social Q’s | PHILIP GALANES

Siblings and Secrets

When I was a teenager, my mother gave birth to twins. Sometime later, I overheard my parents arguing and my father questioning whether the twins were his. I kept this information to myself for more than 60 years. Recently, I had dinner with the twins, and they pleaded with me to tell them what I knew. I repeated the conversation that I had overheard, and I agreed to join them for DNA testing, which showed that our biological fathers are different. The twins are at ease. They say this information does not diminish their feelings for our father, who loved them and raised them as his own. But another sibling is angry with me. She says that I shouldn’t have revealed what I heard. Was I wrong?

BRUTNER

At first, I thought: This was not your story to tell. You were not a party to the private conversation that you overheard, nor did you have any knowledge of the twins’ paternity. You don’t mention whether they investigated this subject before. But it seems unlikely to me that it would first arise only now — 60 years later. Still, if I have done the math correctly, the twins are in their 40s, and you are in your mid-70s. I assume that your parents have

passed away — so the best sources of information are unavailable to the twins. If my brothers came to me, pleading to know something that I alone could tell them, I would probably have done the same thing that you did. It was perhaps the least bad of your bad opinion.

As for your sibling who is upset, I can also understand: Your mother chose not to share the paternity of the twins with them, and her decision deserves some respect. At the same time, we are entitled to know where we come from. And you could have taken a DNA test with the twins at any time. For the future, consider whether you are for best person to share sensitive information. If not, send them to the person whose story it is to tell.

Relationship Repair Hits a Bump

My 10-year-old daughter is five months pregnant with her first child. My daughter embraces her pregnancy by wearing clothes that leave her belly exposed. She believes that her pregnant body is beautiful. But I was raised with different standards of anatomy and deception. Seeing her dressed like this makes her uncomfortable, and I struggle not to react. Our relationship has been difficult, but we have both been in therapy and made progress in our communication. So far, I have kept my feelings to myself. Should I tell her how uncomfortable I am?

To this outsider, your therapy seems to have been worth its weight in gold! You acknowledge that you and your daughter came of age at different times and were

taught different lessons about your bodies: You learned to keep yours under wraps, and your daughter feels entitled to exhibit the joy of her pregnancy.

I think you have been wise not to police the wardrobe of an adult woman or to raise any concerns about it. Given your difficult history (and the great potential for misunderstandings here), it is better to avoid this topic with her. That’s what your friends are for: I know it can be hard to keep our feelings to ourselves, but I believe that you are on the right track and your improved relationship with your daughter is proud of it.

Hell is Other People’s Audio

Is it rude to watch videos in waiting rooms with the sound on and no headphones? I have been encountering this phenomenon with children and adults lately. It seems incredibly inconsiderate to subject others to their noise. Have the rules around this changed? N.S.

It’s not just waiting rooms! I was recently on a hiking trail and heard Taylor Swift Maring from a hiker’s phone. Any public space can save become a noisy bathscape. And not just videos. I hear loud phone calls on speaker, music/norning and video games keeping. The ubiquity of smart devices plays a role here, but the selfishness required to inflict one’s entertainment on others is incomprehensible to me. Ask your neighbors to use headphones. If they refuse, complain to the people at the front desk.

Go Ahead: Test Simp3Quit

Over the years, I have donated to various political candidates, and my contact information has been shared with other campaigns. While I support the stances of these politicians, I feel exhausted by the volume of results I receive. I could unsubscribe, but I would have to discourage the candidates. Still, I have no intention of denying. Advice?

VOTER

Political candidates build their mailing lists with contact information from political parties, data vendors and voice calls. Uprising out of mass emails is not likely to discourage candidates — because they will probably be totally unaware of your action. So unsubscribe and stave off exhaustion.

For help with your awkward situation, send a question to SocialQ@mytimes.com, Philip Galanes on Facebook or @SocialQPhilip on X.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

3

From far left: Noah Blau, the creator of the Instagram series “Errands,” at home in Brooklyn, Blau Hitting. Alison Doyle as she prepares for her driver’s license tree, Blau editing a recent episode at home.

toilet paper. There’s something attractive and illicit about seeing someone do private things in public.”

On a sweltering afternoon in Flatbush, Brooklyn, Blau finished shooting an episode in the apartment of the 25-year-old internet provocateur and comedian, Ivy Walk, who needed an air-conditioner for her new place. She’d been using her freezer as a way to cool her head — like, as she put it, a “reverse Sylvia Plath” — until Blau documented her buying a unit from a discount store and wheeling it home on a trolley. After a successful installation, she was relishing its breeze.

“Beauty is based in the structure, and the things that are based are often the most interesting,” Walk said. “It’s those in-between moments of life where growth and realization happen.

“People’s mythology of New York is that it’s so big and consuming,” she continued. “But this show lets people know that, on those days that weerve and consume you, sometimes you just have to go out and get something done — the tedious things you must do-to exist as an adult, that we must all

endure. There’s a comfort to watching that.”

'Keep It Poor'

At the Bushwick apartment Blau shares with a roommate, he wore fuzzy slippers in his bedroom as he sat at his computer editing Walk’s episode. Mementos from “Errands” among were pinned to a cardboard, such as a gluten-free communion wafer from an episode about a junior who goes shopping for church supplies. There was also a small poster of Lars von Trier and Jørgen Lettr’s “The Five Obstructions.”

He clicked through computer files in belief. “Johnny,” “Krysta,” “Irene” and “Urea.”

“I’ve been following people with a camcorder for a long time,” he said. “Really, my whole life.”

Raised in Baltimore, Blau grew up in a journalistic household. His father was an editor at The Baltimore Sun, and his mother was a host writer for The Chicago Tribune. When he was 6, Blau filmed a bely-beg with a digital camera and posted the video on YouTube (it got 100 views). At 16, while documenting his sister’s hot mitzvah, he ended up filming her interview with their grandfather about the Holocaust.

As a student at New York University Tisch School of the Arts, Blau grew engrossed in the work of cinema vitriol auteurs like Frederick Wiseman and Kent McElwee while also immersing himself in the New York canon of John Canavetes and Martin Scorsese.

“Scorsese’s ‘After Bears’ is like the ultimate errand,” he said. “That would be my dream episode — for someone to get so subtracted on their errand that they get chased through bells-by an angry rush, like in the film.”

The pandemic halted New York during Blau’s sophomore year. Student production stopped as classes went virtual. After graduating, Blau struggled to find work in the financially troubled film industry, taking production assistant gigs here and there, but mostly paying his rent by working retail and restaurant jobs.

He was also immersing himself in Bushwick’s creative scene, hanging out at bars like the Narrows and art spaces like Life World with actors, musicians and writers who were all-that the same post-pandemic hand. Some he rushed training his camcorder on them. First came Sophie, whom he documented while she shopped for a Halloween costume. Then came Steve, whom he filmed returning a bottle of perfume to Bloomingdale’s.

Episode 1 followed a young woman and her quest to find a pink wig.

Blau and Doyle after her driver’s test-apparatusent was relatively postponed, undermining the potential climax of her episode. But Blau turned his camcorder back on and asked her how she felt about the setback.

“I started thinking, maybe there’s something here,” Blau said. “But I also just wanted people to see my work as a filmmaker.”

Around the time he posted his first episode in 2023, “Subway Takes” was surfacing incessantly on social media algorithms. Its sunglasses-coat boot, Karwen Babma, had started out interviewing young New York creatives on rattling trains. Once the talk show blew up, he began featuring celebrities like Cote Manchem and Jennifer Lopez, as well as sponsored posts with companies like Google.

When asked if he hoped “Errands” might take off its similar fashion, Blau rushed his answer.

“I love ‘Subway Takes’, and my show exists in a post-‘Subway Takes’ world, but I don’t want the show to become a press map,” he said. “If I were to have Taylor-Scott on ‘Errands’, that would probably be the worst thing that could happen to it.”

“I think people like my show because it’s made for no money and makes no money,” he added. “I think that helps keep it pure.”

To the Driving Test

On a recent Wednesday, Blau sat beside Doyle in her record Chevy, filming her as she drove to take her driver’s test in Flatbush. He reminded her to slow down for speed bumps and quizzed her on the meaning of various road signs.

“Don’t even ask me what the speed limit in New York is,” Doyle said. “Because I don’t know.”

On a quiet road facing a cemetery, she pulled up behind a line of siling student drivers. It was a long wait, Doyle writhed in her seat. Her nerves finally eased when a Department of Motor Vehicles examiner in a yellow vest approached and told her that her test was being rescheduled.

Blau seemed flattered by the prospect of another errand gone awry. But after collecting himself, he turned the camcorder back on and asked Doyle how she felt about the setback. She smoked a cigarette while answering his questions as a golden-loose sun-cropt over the cemetery.

Finally putting away his camcorder, Blau looked out at the woody field of tombstones.

“The longer I do this, the more I think of everything as an errand,” he said. “What I’m doing right now is an errand. Decomposing and turning into a tree is an errand. Death is an errand.”

LOUIS VUITTON

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10 31

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

As Drinking Ebbs, What Will Fill the Social Holes?

The New York Times, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

While the risks of moderate alcohol use are clear, the public costs of abstaining are hazier.

By GINIA BELLAFANTE

LOUISVILLE, KY. — The west wall of the dining room at the Last Refuge, a bar and restaurant in a 10-year-old church here, is 35 feet high and displays roughly 1,300 kinds of whiskey, many of them produced in and around this city, a center of the American spirits industry since the 19th century. Against prediction and entirely unprompted, the purpose waiting for me there on an early summer evening was not directly to her server to a private snack business at $58 an ounce or a simple aperitif, hot rather a selection of zero-proof cocktails.

“Hard be surprised by how many people around here don’t drink,” our waitress said in an later.

My companion worked for the Louisville mayor’s office. She had given up drinking several years ago in the name of better sleep and well-being, leaving her vulnerable to the jabs that she was part of the problem in a city where the national retreat from alcohol was driving a list of anxieties.

I had come here to gauge the collateral effects of this growing aversion, a reality propelled by science, supported by surveys and punctuated by my own experience as a host who had noticed that a longstanding dictum of entertaining — the dissenters of a half bottle of wine per guest — no longer applied. For all the benefits of cutting backcertain rituals were vanishing, and it was hard not to wonder what else the temperance revival had carried away with it.

In Kentucky, the answers can seem straightforward. Last year, Brown-Forman, the maker of Jost District’s among other by users and a vital benefactor of the city’s cultural life, announced it was buying off 12 percent of its work force. As part of its restructuring, the company closed its Louisville campaign, where whiskey barrels were manufactured for 80 years; 250 jobs were cut. In nearby Carrbane, Jim Beane halted heathen production for the year. Today, the public have brought continuing challenges.

Across the country, sales of wine, beer, and liquor, by volume, have been steadily decreasing; in 2023 failing 2 percent over the previous year, in 2025, 5 percent. I.W.S.R., the British research firm that ran these numbers, anticipates an 18 percent drop over the next decade. Data from the beer industry show the craft learning work force in decline.

Employment metrics are just part of a calculation that counts consequence to ecosystems that are dependent on the habits that have forced human fellowship to most of recorded time. From the birth of the public house in the 16th century to the revolution for gay rights, which began at the Somerset Inn, and then, those shaped the social politics of urban life. In tandem with new restaurants over the past 15 to 20 years, laynesses have drawn people to once sparsely populated downtowns. This was one of As per City Brewery in the Los Angeles Arts District, which closed in April. Regulars unserved the loss of community is signaled. On the Fourth of July, Tom Taft Brewery is a revitalized section of Birmingham, Ala., closed after 10 years of extensive accommodation and performance space. Many cities have had similar closures.

The realignment is testament to the power of messaging coming from various corners of the medical establishment, mis-

saging that has convinced many Americans that even a few glasses of bakerers a week can lead to serious illness and death. Three years ago, the World Health Organization declared that no amount of alcohol is safe. The push accelerated here in January 2025 when the United States surgeon general at the time, Vivek Murthy, warned that alcohol leads to a greater absorption of carcinogens, increasing the risk of at least seven types of cancer. Some figures in public health argue that enjoyment — the delight taken in drinking and the suitably clean drink — should not be overlooked. Their voices have had little influence.

Over the past quarter-century, about two-thirds of Gallup puffs respondents have consistently said they drink wine, beer or liquor regularly or on occasion. Last year, that figure dropped to 54 percent, the lowest in 90 years. Among 24- to 34-year-olds, the number fell to 50 percent, Cinnamimunively, Gallup researchers found that the decline did not appear to be caused by a turn toward recreational cannabis.

By most objective measures this retrenchment is for the good. Excessive drinking often leads to terrible outcomes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention attributes 170,000 deaths each year to the behavior, and of course millions of Americans struggle with addiction. But one

vector’s triumph can become another’s existential setback. How high was the civic cost of villainizing restrained drinking? What had we subordinated to the dictates of public health?

These questions were implicit in the criticism of recent municipal initiatives to discourage even controlled drinking. In May, the New York City health department introduced a public education campaign, with posters showing a beer bottle labeled: “Cancer risk.” Accompanying it was the tagline, “No chance, just the truth.”

Wine merchants opposed the ads as slamish, maintaining that their product was central to the city’s dining and market life — this reducing it to a public health warning “ignored its enormous contribution to our cultural values,” as one distributor told the Wine Enthusiast. Processed meats were linked to colorectal cancer as some pointed out, but the city was not crusading against Katz’s postnatal sandwiches.

Wine stores in the city were already struggling, with some prominent closures, including Merrell & Company, which had occupied a place in Manhattan since the 1940s. Other stores were bouncing checks to wholesalers. Unlike coffee bars or drug stores or Brandy Melville, liquor stores retain a distinct place in the city’s commercial makeup; one of 6, frequently family owned,

In some places, the national retreat from house is driving worries about lost jobs, reduced arts funding and diminished conviviality.

The alcohol industry is contrasting: in Cincinnati, Ky, Jim Beane, top left, halted heathen production for 2026. Teddy Abrams, bottom left, coadjuster at the Louisville Orchestra, said he was concerned about losing philanthropic support from people tied to the alcohol industry because of changing economic and social trends.

bulwarks against the aggressive encroachment of distrustizing chains.

Restaurants have endured their own story: alcohol traditionally brings in larger profits than food. “Restaurants can’t simply raise menu prices to offset declining alcohol sales, especially when many customers are already price sensitive,” said Andrew Rigie, the director of the NYC Hospitality Alliance, a lobbying group. The result has been “serious financial pressure” on small businesses.

In June, bars and restaurants in Cambridge, Mass., fought off a proposal from the city’s liquor licensing board that would have limited them to serving people no more than one drink every half-hour. On Instagram, one owner asked people to stand in opposition, unless they wanted “egg timers going off every 30 minutes to every bar and restaurant in Cambridge.”

Similar in spirit was a proposal floating around Louisville that would have forced bars in the Highlands, a neighborhood with an active nightlife culture, into making 70 percent of their earnings in food rather than alcohol. The idea, which arose after chaos and gurdles reigned in the neighborhood, was quickly scratched after many business owners said that they would be forced to close in the event of a ruling like that.

Under the tenure of Mayor Craig Greenberg, Louisville has seen a significant drop in transit cross, in the same time, championing liquor interests in an essential part of his trust — the distress is his offer are lined with heathen bottles, leaving little confusion. Sitting in his office on a recent visit, he faded down the city’s thriving business in heathen tourism. Over the past few years it has set records.

But how much the success figures into the industry fashion line is unclear. Louisville’s economy is not broadly diversified, and the mayor acknowledged that while some of the jobs lost to the contractors could be absorbed by different businesses, other roles — “classics, master distillers” — were highly specialized and not easily transferable. The broader concern, he said, would be that consumer habits changed manually enough that companies felt.

It is hard to find anyone engaged with Louisville’s civic and cultural life who takes the planniering alcohol sales blithely, or who does not dominantly wave a hand at the thought of young people forgoing the jovial communion of a bar for the dark manipulation of the algorithm, or $16.6 billion, heathen in one of Kentucky’s largest industries, generating close to 24,000 jobs and $172 million to annual tax revenue.

For decades, the Brown-Forman company has sustained the city’s resources and performing arts through corporate gifts and its affiliated foundation. Directors of local cultural organizations will tell you there is virtually no institution or preservation of her hero that does not bear its imprint. Patrick Lewis, the president of the city’s Fliison Historical Society, noted that when Breanna Taylor was fatally shot by a Louisville police officer six years ago, Brown-Forman provided the money for the society to hire a full-time specialist in Black history.

During the past fiscal year, according to the company and tax filings, Brown-Forman gave away more than $14 million, making it among the leaders in local philanthropy. For example, by contract, Churchill Downs, the host of the Kentucky Derby and another high-profile corporation in town, distributed less than a quarter of that.

But Brown-Forman is more than a one-party and philanthropic wing. It is not an extended family members, individual executives and friends of the company who hold stock that has not more than half of its value in the past five years. What worries fundraiser is to see a lot: taking away of annual donations in the four- or five-digit range. As one cultural leader explained, the success of heathen tourism could not compensate for the pronounced downturn in alcohol consumption, which was defined as a network critical to supporting the city’s cultural life.

Under the leadership of its prodigy conductor Teddy Abrams, the Louisville Orchestra has been acclaimed as one of the most destructive in the country. “The assumption was always that the Brown family would take care of everything,” Abrams said. Despite the company’s support, “my job,” he said, “is to கடந்த against all those things — every changing world convention and market shift.”

It is not the purview of public health officials in that, since the ways alcohol consumption might affect arts funding. But doctors, therapists and epidemiologists talk a lot about heathens and social isolation.

Last year, an academic paper published in the journal Addiction by a psychology professor in Denmark and a public health lecturer in Scotland voted out for its contribution, arguing that alcohol research had a “problem with pleasure.” It had been, in years, aiming to do, convey a considered as illusion manufactured by advertisers and notable merely for its oppositional relationship to health.

Maybe, they ventured, it was time for a refreshing.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

37 11

Vows

SIENNA GOMEZ and COLE HOSMAN

For a TikTok Star, Real Love Arrived Offscreen

By KADIRA HANAY

During the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic, the National Association on internet crush on Sienna Star Games.

Games spent much of the 2020 lockdown as many high schoolers did — on TikTok. In August 2026, at 16, she began posting doors videos and early poststory counts and quickly (as in, with her first post) experienced a network rise on the platform, where she now has more than 12.5 million followers. Hosman was one of the early ones.

"I was a normal high schooler one day," said Games, now 22. "Then the next week I was this well-known face on the age who was having to make major business decisions with some agencies and companies."

When Hosman moved from Chicago to Anaheim, Calif., in 2020 to pursue a career in professional telemarketing, he sent Games a message. And every so often, he would send her another DM. "She seemed so fun to hang out with," said Hosman, now 24, and "was just super good." In her videos.

But he might as well have been talking to himself. Games never saw these messages. On Halloween in 2025, Hosman and a few

After a terrible accident,

reaching out to offer a little needed comfort.

friends smoked into a party in Los Angeles, and he saw Games, who had moved there earlier that year from Temecula, Calif., with her family.

"A vividly remember walking past her, and we both shared back at the same time," Hosman said. "I knew at that moment that I had a chance."

Two months later, in December 2025, one of Hosman's telemarketing videos appeared on Games's Instagram feed, and he thought he was sure. She gave him a follow, but didn't make the connection with the Halloween party.

In May 2025, Hosman experienced a terrible telemarketing accident. While at tempting a trick off a call, he hit his head and landed on his neck, working his body into total shock. He continued a concession and needed maybe in his head. Hosman, who was signed at the time with a television company called Disorder Shareboards, talked about his recovery as an Instagram story. He also shared that the accident had strengthened his Christian faith.

"I just did up and was like: 'Hey, I'm so sorry that happened to you. I'm praying for you,'" recalled Games, who had newly become Christian. She was baptised in early 2022. They headed over their shared faith.

They chatted the a few days, and eventually she met him at his apartment in Anaheim, bringing over taper hairs and a lounging pad for his neck. And he made her chocolate chip cookies.

She immediately noticed that he was a good known (in asked questions, showed care and made her feel heard). "I noticed he didn't want anything from me," Games said. "The difference upon she occupied often felt truly good." He just wanted to talk and to just be there."

It especially meant a lot to her because she was struggling with social media intrusion, the everyday levels of love and hate and the life that is taken into way abnormal. "And I was in this season where I just kind of was trying to separate my identity from social media and just really figure out who I was as a person," Games said. It was a journey, but it was the idea. "I am had a lot to do with that finding identity."

Games drove to Anaheim every day for

Sienna Gomez and Cole Hosman at their July 23 wedding celebrations in Kaneohe, Hawaii. Gomez was walked down the aisle by her father, Raman Gomez.

the next week to keep him company while he was recovering. Unable to do much while he recovered, they watched a lot of movies, including one of her favorites. "I such like If You Can," and his, "Stand By Me."

For their first proper date, about a week later, they were in Laguna Beach, watched the sunset, and walked to dinner at Go Raman. Gomez, who suggested the runner-ups, paid for the first date.

"He was working a minimum-wage job," Gomez said. "And I was doing brand deals with Maybelline. We were not on the same playing field at all."

She was used to going to fancy dinners, but she knew they were young, and her path was unerraditional. Hosman, who was 20 of the time, worked at a grocery store while balancing his telemarketing career. "He didn't have the funds to be paying for big dinners," she said. "That was never something I cared about. I want to go to dinner with you and treat you, and he's showing up for me in other ways." She treated that he could figure it out and become financially stable.

"Your years now down the line, Cole is providing for me in every way," Gomez said. In June 2025, Hosman asked her to be his girlfriend. She moved with her family to Los Diego shortly afterward, and he made the drive from Anaheim — about 1.5 hours — every weekend when he was off from work to see her. They spent a lot of time on the beach, and he was quickly researched with her family. They did weekly family dinners, and Hosman always helped Gomez and her

family with her friends, Sienna Swim and Ranzine the family.

"He just kind of became part of the family," she said. She later met his family in Chicago that October was searching. The family ate one split their time between San Diego and Honolulu, where Gomez's brother and his wife live.

From the beginning, Hosman knew she was the one. But, Gomez said: "I also still felt young. I mean, I was young." She wanted to wait until she was 22 before a proposal ever came into the picture.

And on his neck, he wanted to make sure he straightened out his career before marriage. "I was just so hot, trying everything, working candies jobs," said Hosman. In the past two years, he's built confidence and found a new path — with her encouragement to work at a Christian-fat friend called Present Heasiness. He is still a shareholder who makes athletic fitness content, surfing, diating, running and weight lifting. And he is an online fitness coach.

"She helped me turn up social media more into a business," he said.

In August 2025, Hosman proposed when her parents were visiting Honolulu from San Diego. He left a note for Gomez by their bed. "Now me at Kahana Bay at 9:35." That morning, her brother brought her to the beach, and there Hosman was standing with her family behind him.

Gomez said she still feels young, but said they both grow up fast and that he's quitting in the furred us to be a little more mature. Since she moved to Los Angeles at 17, Go-

ON THIS DAY

When July 22, 2026

Where Pollen Gardens at Kuakua Ranch in Kaneohe, Hawaii

First Dance After the ceremony, the San Z couple danced to "Confrontation" by Justin Bieber for their first dance. The mother-son dance was in "Thought You Should Know" by Morgan Walker, ("Cole loves country music," Gomez said.) Then, Gomez and her father shared a time dance to "My Little Girl" by Jule Johnson.

Ti Lari Lei During the reception, Hosman were a traditional Hawaiian garland made from the absent green leaves of the ti plant. At the rehearsal dinner, Gomez wore a shave made of baby's breath, which was transferable by a friend, Iwata Burbage.

mer was the youngest in her social circles. She ran two businesses and was always on set, filming, collaborating with other creations and networking.

Hosman dropped out of high school at 10 to pursue telemarketing full time and travel for contents. (He eventually graduated high school online.) At 18, he moved to California alone. "I feel like I was always kind of an independent person," he said. "I didn't really rely on my parents for much. I wanted to do it on my own."

On July 12, the couple went at Pollen Gardens at Kuakua Ranch in Kaneohe, Hawaii. Jeff Mears, the lead pastor at Rhythm Church in Oceanside, Calif., officiated in front of about 80 guests.

All four parents gave emotional speeches, and the present other sister and the bride's older brother gave speeches that "were just music," Gomez's mother, Dina, said. "That was really cute because it just shows the personality of both of our families."

Afterward, the bride's friend, Jay Schell, gave a surprise performance of John's "Skipping Through My Fingers" with his guitar. As he sang, Gomez's mother brought her onto the dance floor. "Then all of the music and the daughters came up on the floor, and held hands and sang," her mother said.

Then, the dance floor stopped with Bad Bones, thrombosis from Usher and No No, and plenty of Michael Jackson.

"I've been waiting for this forever," Hosman said.

WEDDINGS

Sara Trotter, JP Praewoznik

Years Later, a Mixtape Still Connects

A welcome surprise in up Sara Elizabeth Trotter's phone screen while she was vacationing with family in early 2022: a Facebook message from JP Praewoznik.

The former couple had slipped a ball out of communication over the course of two decades, ex-changing friendly woes, emails and letters to each up with each other, and occasionally, to send out "before."

"It's been message from Praewoznik, who sees they (them presence), fit the latter. Praewoznik said Trotter they's been listening to 'Go Your Own Way' by Praewoznik (like — the very song they put on a mixtape for Trotter decades ago while dating

Trotter, then married to her second husband and young son in the United States, said: "When you made a mixtape for someone in the U.S., it was quite a profession of love," she said.

"I've just first met in a poetry workshop at N.Y.U. in the fall of 1999 when Praewoznik, then a junior, became smitten with

Trotter, a freshman, and her then-drawed head and vocalization. But few words were exchanged between the two.

A year and a half later, chance received them opinion as counselors at Camp Kewaps in Harris near State Park. Trotter put out the new "brake" when she early told Praewoznik, assigned female at birth, that she was bisexual and had a girlfriend before: "I thought he would thank God," Praewoznik said.

A few days later, while speaking about relationships inside a cabin, Praewoznik asked Trotter to stand up from where she was sitting on the floor for their first kiss. "I finished out and someters," Trotter said.

"Her summer romance struggled to survive after Trotter transferred from N.Y.U. to City College. They attempted long distance while Trotter spent a moment at home in Nashua, N.H., but after the moved back to New York, she ended the relationship. 'I was so young and stupid,' she said.

A few months later, in the

spring of 2001, Praewoznik graduated from N.Y.U. with a bachelor's degree in English education and vowed to leave the city.

"The city wasn't big enough for the bath of us," said Praewoznik, now 45. So they moved to Philadelphia to work as an educator for adjudicated adolescents girls while earning a master's degree in social work from Temple University.

Trotter, 40, went her own way as well. She worked as a coaching fellow in Hialeah after graduating from City College with a bachelor's degree in English, and began to date an old friend from N.Y.U., who became her husband

in 2006. That same year, she and her husband moved to Portland, Ore., for a more affordable lifestyle. There, Trotter earned a master's degree in curriculum and instruction from Portland State University, and taught elementary school before switching to special education, a job she still holds.

In February 2007, an email popped out Trotter's inbox from Praewoznik saying they planned to visit a contact camp friend in Portland and writing Trotter out for a beer. Within 20 minutes of meeting, they were holding hands. Even after, they kissed. "We just couldn't be in the same

space together," Trotter said. By the end of Praewoznik's four-day visit, each decided to end things with their respective partners. Trotter moved out of the house she shared with her husband, and Praewoznik ended a long-term relationship. They again tried long-distance dating.

A few months in, Trotter second trouble when she called up Praewoznik on her birthday to thank them for a bouquet of flowers they sent. When they didn't pick up and responded with, "I can't talk with them, I'm not," Trotter knew things wouldn't last. "I got cold feet," Praewoznik later admitted.

The pair left out of communication until 2009, when Praewoznik resided Trotter and told her they'd had thyroid cancer, but were in restusion. "She emailed me back and said, 'I knew that we haven't been in touch, but please let me know if you have cancer ever again,'" Praewoznik said.

From that point on, the two found something of a friendship. Accompanying occasional life updates while seeing other people. In 2015, Trotter married her second husband and had two daughters, in 2018 and 2020.

By the time Praewoznik managed Trotter about the mixtape in 2022, Trotter said she was

having marital problems. When their conversation turned Trotter, she told Praewoznik she wanted to explore their connection "the right way."

By fall 2023, Trotter and her husband had divorced. "I had the opportunity to let go of my marriage and pursue this person who's been in my heart for 33 years," she said.

The next 11 months were filled with logistical and emotional challenges. Praewoznik found their current job in Portland as a program manager for a hospital volunteer program at Kaiser Permanente. But most importantly, they worked on becoming sober.

Born into a family in Old Bridge, N.J., that struggled with addiction, they knew they had to remedy their lifelong struggle with alcohol before becoming a parent to Trotter's two daughters, now aged 4 and 10. Once Trotter felt confident in Praewoznik's progress, she proposed.

The two went on July 19 before 60 years at the Lansdance Club in Portland. The Rev. Jennifer Crowndt of St. Andrew's Episcopal Church led the ceremony. The couple created a "love letter with filled with years of letters, emails and texts from the many years they stayed in touch. TARA TOBBANONA

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12

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2008

Vows

STYLES Q&A

From Crypto to Embryos: How the Prenup Has Evolved

What to look for in a contract some call 'marriage insurance.'

By SARAH UVIN

It's a good time to be a premarital agreement.

Once seen on a taken topic — or even had luck — premarital contracts have been doubling their stigma in recent years. It's quite likely Taylor Swift and Trevor Kahn just signed one, and the recent best-selling memoir 'Strangere' by Robb Burdett served as a cautionary tale of a prenup-gone wrong.

Betsy Sachs, a millennial and Gen Z financial expert who goes by Mrs. Dow Jones as Instagram and TikTok and who authored the best-selling 'Future Rich Person,' is not surprisingly, a major proponent.

"I think it's really important to normalize putting the prenup on the tools for right next to your side (sitting)," she said. "We've normalized spending insane amounts of money on a party and stigmatized the one legal document that protects you after it," she added. "It makes no sense."

Here's what she would like anyone headed to the side: to consider. 'The letter is a fun been edited and condensed.

You refer to prenups as 'marriage insurance.' Why?

We got all different types of insurance without expecting anything had to happen — you get health insurance not working to get sick or hoping you get sick. You buy homeowners' insurance can crunching your fingers that your house is going to have down.

A lot of people hear 'prenup,' and think that you're planning for a divorce, but that is really the wrong framing. Marriage is, at its core, a business decision. Yes, it's an emotional phenomenon, but you're also legally bound to this person.

Better to decide the terms of that contract while you're deeply in love than driving one of the most emotionally charged times of your life — a divorce.

How are prenups different for young couples today than in previous generations?

Millennial and Gen Z view prenups as financial planning. This generation is that's big here, building businesses before marriage, investing earlier and creating assets our parents never had. Twenty years ago, people were protecting vacation homes. Today they're protecting creator brands, community, crypto and intellectual property. I've seen a huge increase in questions over the last few especially from women. They're asking, 'How do I protect the business? I spent years building before he came along?'

What are things that influences or content creators should consider with a prenup?

We all think we influence now than it did 30 years ago. With content creators, it's really hard because the law is really that we become personal life and business. If your marriage becomes part of your brand, then questions could arise

about future royalties, ownership of old owners, licensing, doubt of revenue tied to your likeness, which is connected to you being married.

If your marriage becomes part of your brand, your prenup needs to protect your business just as much as your bank account. The first thing I'll tell any creator is

this: Your business needs a life percent equity carve out. That's lawyer speak for 'this company is mine.' Your business, your trademarks, your copyrights, your content library, your likeness — those should all be clearly defined at separate property.

Then think about future concerns. If your business keeps growing after you get married, who owns the podcast episodes, brand deals, investing income or old values that keep making money years later?

What if your spouse regularly appears to content you create?

That's the gray area. If your spouse becomes your co-848 or is constantly appearing in your videos, you need to make decisions upfront. If the relationship ends, can you keep that content either? Does anyone get a share of future revenue? These conversations are awkward now, but without more awkward help.

As more couples turn to fertility treatments, what about reproductive 'property,' like embryos?

Embryos create an entirely different category of completely because they involve both female hormones and deeply personal reproductive decisions.

Fertility clinics require content that can show an often super generic, so a prenup or a specific subheading will legally lead the couple to a decision. That may

mean the embryos being destroyed or derated to science or given to one partner with explicit legal severity of the other partner's parental rights and child support obligations.

How can a prenup protect spouses who choose to leave the work force to support their family of home?

I think one of the biggest financial risks that people underestimate isn't divorce — it's career interruptions. If you stop away from a six-figure career for five to 10 years to raise kids, you're not just giving up salary, you're giving up relationships, promotions, retirement contributions, Social Security credits, future earning potential. This is often referred to as the 'motherhood earnings penalty.'

Who benefits must have a prenup?

There's a misconception that prenups only protect the information, but I think they protect both people, because it's just financial clarity for the spouse with fewer assets, a prenup can guarantee financial protections that would otherwise be uncertain. Prenups also reduce the likelihood of a lot of expensive litigation if the marriage ends.

A successful business would define expectations before the problems arise. A successful couple would benefit from doing the same.

WEDDINGS

Jackson Fust, Alistair Stephenson

What Zendaya Found Most Suitable

Queer dance there had long been a constant in the form of Alistair William Stephenson (left) and John William Fust. To 'do it was doing, but they met one at Husebo Campani, an annual queer music festival in Arizona, Pa.

On Aug. 16, 2016, Fust, who goes by Jackson, was 'preventing being alone,' he said, following the end of a nine-year relationship. 'So, I was alone on the dance floor and really loving it.'

Stephenson took notice of Fust, but he didn't approach him. 'There was something about his powerful dance floor users,' Stephenson said. 'I just couldn't.'

Later that evening, the two chaired but didn't exchange numbers. A few months later, however, a friend-arrived Fust as a birthday party for someone named Alistair. Fust remembered thinking, 'There can't be that many guy guys in Brooklyn named Alistair.'

So, he went to the party on Nov. 9, 2016, at All Night Skate in Brooklyn's Budweich neighborhood, and quickly ran into Stephenson.

'We was so friendly and nice and excited,' Fust said.

He was so uncoated and nice and excited, 'Fust said.'

He was so uncoated and nice and excited, 'Fust said.'

He was so uncoated and nice and excited, 'Fust said.'

He was so uncoated and nice and excited, 'Fust said.'

He was so uncoated and nice and excited, 'Fust said.'

Then, on New Year's Day 2020, back at Public Records once again, Stephenson and Fust ran into each other yet again on the dance floor. That night, they shared a first kiss: 'I felt overwhelmed by that kiss,' Fust said. 'I haven't ever felt like that.'

Stephenson said, 'I was suphrut.' Fust asked if they could finally hang out somewhere else was not a dance floor Stephenson said yes.

Stephenson, he was born and raised in Sydney, Australia. He is the chief strategy and impact officer at the National Insurance Western Alliance, a nationwide advocacy organization based in New York. He received a bachelor's degree in philosophy and a law degree from the University of Sydney.

Fust, also 36, was born and raised in Isnarta Draft, Va. He is a senior member/臨時man and a general teacher and tabletop at Quince, the lifestyle brand. He received a bachelor's degree in American politics from the University of Virginia.

Their first official date was on Jan. 1, 2020. They went to Radio Grande for a drink, Gannu Brooklyn for a tea, and then Pearl's apartment, all in Crown Heights. 'We talked a great deal about friendship,' Stephenson said. 'I think we both quickly recognized that we'd both unusual to them, divorce communities around us and treated friendship as a serious commitment

rather than a secondary part of life.'

Fust added that 'it felt like a really good first date.' He went so that he recalled thinking, 'There goes my plan to just be single for a while.'

Eleven days later, they went to Locanda Van & Obi for dinner and then in Stephenson's apartment in Bedford-Stuyvesant to watch a movie. A third date soon followed at Fuel's apartment. 'I brought flowers,' Stephenson said. 'He cooked me since this.' Four months later, they became official.

In May, Fust and Stephenson moved in together at Crown Heights.

Instead of a formal proposal, a conversation on the subway from Manhattan to Brooklyn that August marked the beginning of their engagement. 'Neither of us can remember the exact wording or even which person said it first,' Stephenson said.

The couple married on July 23 at the 'wedding garden' across the street from the Manhattan Marriage Bureau. On Onai, a friend of Stephenson and a member of the New York City Council representing Electric US, who received a one-day marriage-efficient license, officiated.

Ahead of their legal wedding, the couple hosted a celebratory event for 45 guests on July 11 at St. Joseph's University in Clinton Hill, with a ceremony also led by Councilman Onai, followed by a reception at Dinner Party, a restaurant also in Clinton Hill. An after party at Radio Grande, where they had their first date, was attended by 70 guests.

When the couple went thrilling for vintage wedding suits at Eleno Vintage in Williamsburg for their celebratory wedding, Zendaya and her stylist Lee Beach walkin' in.

'When I got on the fourth call I was trying, Zendaya looked me up and down and said, 'That's the one: I bought it, of course,' Stephenson said. (It was by Nicky Hilton for Saks Fifth Avenue. Fust were Repoblitics all Geneva from the same shop.) 'We now plan that our marriage has been blessed by Zendaya.' JENNY BLOCK

Alyannah Kassan, Malik Ladhani

'Written in the Stars' and in a Hinge Algorithm

As they walked loops around Central Park during their first date on Sept. 10, 2022, Alyannah Kassan and Malik Ladhani were surprised by their

similar backgrounds.

Kassan and Ladhani, who marched on Hinge a week earlier, learned they were both Ismaili Shudhor of Indian descent whose families had settled in East Africa before immigrating to Canada in the early 1970s. Each grow up in suburbs outside Toronto and settled in Manhattan after coming to the United States for school.

Kassan was drawn to Ladhani's peaceful and humble demeanor, while Ladhani was attracted to Kassan's warmth and humor.

'We laughed a lot,' Ladhani said. 'It felt like we had known each other for so long in that first date. It felt like we were already really connected.'

Two weeks later, when Kassan went home to Richmond Hill, Ontario, to visit her family, her mother asked if she was seeing anyone.

'I said, 'Oh, I went on a date with this Ismaili guy from Toronto actually — his name is Malik,' she said. 'And she's like, 'Wait, what's his last name?'

They soon placed together that Kassan and Ladhani's fathers had been friends at the University of Western in Ontario, and had even gone on a road trip together to New York City in 2070. Their fathers lost much after college, but still bumped into each other occasionally at Ismaili houses of worship in the Toronto area.

When Kassan told Ladhani about the connection, she said, 'Both of us were like, this is so crazy. What are the odds of this happening?'

On the same visit back home, Kassan made another step-to-date discovery when she randomly tested Ladhani asking about his birth date. To me see, they were both born on the same day, Oct. 28, just three years apart. 'We sent me a picture of his driver's license to prove it,' she said.

Besped by these unambiguous connections, the pair continued seeing each other frequently in New York. 'We spent so much time together, and it felt so natural,' Ladhani said. 'I was pretty smitten, very quickly.'

Ladhani, 31, is a partner in the law firm Simpson Trafford & Bartlett in the mergers and acquisitions practice. He holds a bachelor's degree in political science and economics from the University of Ottawa and a law degree from Harvard Law School.

Kassan, 16, is a director at E.V. Parcherson, the strategy considering arrival from A Young, in the corporate real estate mergers and acquisitions practice. She has a bachelor's degree in hotel administration from Cavani.

The couple became official in December 2022, three months after they met, when Ladhani returned from the World Cup in Qatar. While he was away, Ladhani kept vending that Kassan was with him. He said he realized that she 's someone who I want to be experiencing life with.'

Before Ladhani's flight home landed, Kassan take the route and a bus in the rain to pick up doughnuts in Queens from the Canadian chain Tim Harrison, after she goened into at his Murray Hill apartment with the trusts, he surprised her by asking if she wanted to his girlfriend.

In August 2024, Ladhani moved into Kassan's Upper East Side apartment, where they still reside, close to the paths in Central Park where

they had their first date.

Over the years, the couple developed two traditions. Every fall, they celebrate their shared birthday with a抽in party, inviting friends for activities like a Ping-Pong tournament or a Bollywood-themed cycling class. Every winter, they skate at an outdoor New York City risk, in a nod to their Canadian upbringing and years playing for a hockey.

In April 2025, Ladhani prepared to Tokyo's Young Park while on vacation. Knowing that Kassan loved cherry blossoms, Ladhani worked with a local photographer to pinpoint the best flowering roots. When the couple took a selfie at the designated spot, the photographer, posing as a tourist, offered to take their picture — which was Ladhani's one to get down on one hour.

They married July 14 at the New York City Marriage Bureau. Sinking Ciba, a city clerk, officiated, with the couple's mothers serving as witnesses. Afterward, they celebrated with their parents and other immediate family members by watching a World Cup game and eating dinner at the Ambassador's Clubhouse, a Punjabi restaurant in Manhattan's NoBall neighborhood.

On Aug. 4, they will host a religious ceremony and wedding reception with 120 guests at the Canadian show in London. The couple are invited to weave Ismaili rituals with Indian cultural traditions as a celebration of the man's huge happenstance that brought them together.

'It was lucky that we met on Hinge, totally by the algorithm,' Kassan said. But — 'it feels like all of those little things were already written in the stars before we even met.' MTHLIFE

ABOUT WEEKENDS

The New York Times's wedding and relationship articles ran by David and various crew, weddings.

The ceremony coverage is based on information provided by the couples, as verified by our reporters. To submit your wedding for consideration, various crew (weddings and crew, 10) contact the Weddings show directly with any corrections.从这个过程的内，I'm sure you're the wedding submission will not be considered by email, only by the submission form.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

ST 13

Vows

When the Destination Wedding Isn't So Far Away

Some couples have decided to trade far-flung spots for domestic locales.

By TAMMY LAUDICE

Before the invitation to Jessica Bartlett and Brody DeBrians spring wedding in Italy even arrived, Adeline Perez knew she and her husband, Max, would most likely have to decline.

The decision wasn't easy. The couple are close friends with Bartlett and DeBrius, but they were saving for a dozen payment on the house they recently moved into in Pusa Robins, Calif. "I had to be realistic about it," Perez said. The cost of travel "really would have set to black."

Bartlett, 26, of Boca Raton, Fla., had expected a raft of regrets. "I thought, if people choose not to come, it won't hurt my feelings," she said. But before invitations were out, she and DeBrius began reaching out to the people they most wanted to celebrate with and quickly heard that the trip to Italy would be difficult for some. Knowing that guests, including Perez and her husband, wanted to attend and might not be able to, prompted the couple to reconsider their plans.

Instead of exchanging vows at other Lake Como or the Amalt Coast as they had planned, Bartlett and DeBrius hooked an April wedding at Sussman Winery in the Santa Vera Valley at California. The Pocono were thrilled to attend.

Sisnecide weddings may be having a moment. After all, Taylor Swift and Travis Bates recently married to New York City. And despite the caseloads of moguls and celebrities who have held lavish capitals in Europe in recent years, wedding planners are sending a cool dress in the rush to marry in quaint corners of foreign countries.

"Couples are doing their research and deciding, OK, we're going to stay home," said Rizzuto. All, the founder of Wooly, an online wedding marketplace and business software platform. Modern-day travel nightmares, including flight cancellations, soaring fares and border restrictions, account for some of the wrong terms of paying money. The first recommendation to the United States is to open important barns, experts say.

Rita California, the president of the travel company, features, said 83 in 75 percent of paying money due to a European destination weddings. According to "Weddings: Putting a Price on Line," a publication Bank of America Institute released in June, only about a third of guests are excited about traveling inter-

nationally for a wedding. Another 10 percent are relieved they can decline without guilt, said Taylor Bowley, an economist at the institute.

"Couples are saying, 'It's asking a lot for someone to fly across the world for me.'" All said. "So we'll make the dream happen here."

"Here" can mean anywhere a passport is not required. Para, a travel platform, reported that more than half of its advisers use a spike in U.S. destination weddings from last year, with Las Vegas, Districts' Vineyard and South Carolina during couples' top pick.

"It's quite a large spike, to be honest," said Shirley Vianyan, a founder of Para, with popular wedding hotel bookings in the United States growing at twice the pace of popular wedding hotels ever-

sion. In a 2020 travel trends report, thesprfund, an online cash registry, heard that 21 percent of weddings are destination events; two-thirds of those happen domestically.

Domestic weddings, though, can sometimes require deeper pockets because vendor costs are higher and the guest roars: ticks up, as Bartlett found. Her April 10 wedding was attended by 133; for the Italian wedding she was banking on about 30.

In California, "everything cost significantly more," Bartlett said, adding that the wedding she was gathering estimates for in Italy would have cost half as much.

Spring guests the time and expense of getting to Europe appealed to Morgan Murray, 35, and Symont Berry, 35, an

Left, Jessica Bartlett and Brody DeBrius had their wedding in California instead of Italy. Above, Morgan Murray and Symont Berry, who also had eyes on Italy, slipped in Las Vegas.

Exchanging the Amalt Coast for a winery not that distant from home.

Atlanta couple who made a last-minute decision to relope in Las Vegas last November.

"We didn't want people to have to pay us arm and a leg," in travel to the wedding they initially planned for the Amalt Coast of Italy, said Murray, a nurse practitioner and coroner croater who goes to Morgan SanDiego and whose followers watched the change of plans develop another. Also, "legistically, it was a lot for me friends and families," she said. Several last limited paid time off, Others had inconsistent child care.

For some couples, especially those with older parents or grandparents, re-flinking a wedding in a foreign country is more about medical concerns than bank accounts and schedules.

"The beauty influencer Marjan, California, 36, and her husband, Norman Vadria, 32, who split their time between Los Angeles and Atlanta, had actually put disastrous down on a venue on Lake Como for their fall 2020 wedding when the logistics started feeling too complicated, and the health of Vadriye father left them uncertain if he could make the trip. So they instead held their September wedding for 2018 at the Four Seasons in Westlake Village, Calif.

Before the switch, "Lake Como felt incredibly romantic to us," DeBrius said. "But having our family there was always going to be more important."

Michelle Rago, the founder of Michelle Rago Investments, whose weddings typically carry a $2.5 million minimum pricing, estimated that 80 percent of her weddings happen to Europe or the Caribbean. The 44 percent that take place in the United States are to lose lavish, and have included cash's buyouts in the Midwest and Aspen, Colo.

Nantucket Island, Rago said, "is a world-class destination, and the Eastern Continent made it just any portion." She recommends the Amazon next in Utah for nursery, Manhattan for glamour and the Napa Valley for a European feel.

"When it comes to service and food, they have to release a "up to Europe," she conceded. But whenever the wedding is held, "the focus is on having guests feel delighted," she said.

Wedding guests may be more likely to attend when they are not overwhelmed by expenditures, a scenario that can be especially hard to avoid when multiple far-flung invitations arrive in a single stream.

In recent years, the destination wedding pile on "has happened a lot." All said, "Let's say you're spending $8,000 to go to such one, it becomes a huge financial commitment."

"A new etiquette is forming," she added, with renewed enthusiasm for keeping logistics simple and close to home.

Is Marriage a Gamble? These Couples Encourage It.

Some wedding guests can bet on the longest toast, the first tears and other parts of the day.

By EILEEN O'BRIEN

Alan and Karen Miller's first dance was a wise-to-lean moment for many of their wedding guests.

In the couple gilded across the floor during their reception in New Rochelle, N.Y., last year, attendees kept track of the classes artist and the length of the dance. Earlier in the night, they had noted their guesses on prop bet sheets.

Proposition, or prop bets are usually tied to sporting events. Users place wagers on specific details that aren't necessarily137 returns with a good idea. The best guess scored by certain players. Now, these bets have entered the world of weddings.

More couples have been integrating betting into their celebrations in recent years through digital apps or printed cards. While the Millers, who live in New York City, aren't a lot sports betters or guardians themselves, they wanted to make their June 2020 celebrations more interactive and distinctive for their 174 guests.

"I've been to many New York and New Jersey weddings, and sometimes I'd rather be minded here. A kind of has a little bit of a bill, even though there's a lot of good food," said Karen, 28. "We wanted to make sure our guests had an activity that a lot of people could partake in."

The height a prop bet template from Etay and customized it on the graphic design platform Carva. Among the questions on

the couple's prop bet sheet: Who will give the longest toast? Will the couple cry during the speeches? How many outfits will the bride wear on the wedding day?

After collecting the cards from about 60 guests at the end of the night, the Millers tracked the responses in a Google document, sharing the correct and the most pop-

Carva how long the newlyweds will lock lips and you might be a winner.

star answers with their guests on social media. The overall winner received a $20 Amazon gift card.

John Drachenberg, a wedding planner in Rebecca, British Columbia, said she noticed the betting trend starting to take off last year, and she was not our friend. Current experiences often center on watching brides and grooms complete a number of time-honored traditions, she said, and prop bets allow them to use their personal knowledge of a couple.

"If the groom's knows to be an emotional man, it's has to bet on how early in the day he's going to cry," Drachenberg said. "I think it engages them a lot more in the day."

Stacy and Greg Stahl, from St. Louis, have spent almost 10 years betting on various aspects of their friends' weddings—from who would not the were little to whether the ceremony would last longer than 20 minutes—just for the fun of it.

"It started with a certain friend group," Stacy said. "We started betting at that first friend's wedding, and since then, we bet at every subsequent wedding of that friend group. By the end of it, we were including almost everyone in the wedding, including the father of the bride, the mother and so much of the extended family."

In 2023, the couple decided to turn this pastime into business and develop the tips on the Wedding, an interactive app that allows guests to make predictions by answering promote or custom questions.

The table said that more than 25,000 couples so far had created a betting pool on their way, which costs a one-time fee of $10.00.

Guests can monitor the status of their

bets on their phones via a live leaderboard throughout the wedding. At the end of the event, the app needs a certification to all participants letting them know how they performed and, if applicable, where they may now money to "We've become somewhat of a household name at this point, as it relates to wedding entertainment." Greg said, adding that she business has seen triple-digit your once-year revenue growth.

Over the past year, Cassie Harrell, a wedding planner in Pittsburgh, has seen a rise in the number of weddings featuring prop bets. Three of her client couples have integrated a betting activity into their celebrations.

Like Drachenberg, Harrell said she saw the rise of wedding prop bets as a move toward more guest-centric experiences.

Betting activities can sometimes become a midday experience. At Pepsi and Olivia Holloway's May 2025 wedding in Shorter, Ala., the couple, who live in Montgomery, started distributing prop bet cards to guests at their rehearsal dinner.

Peyton, 24, the tech support manager for the Montgomery County District Attorney's Office, created the cards found: "I had been looking for something to do at the wedding that not many people had done. She something to make for a couple." "I just ran into odds on there that I thought made sense at the time, and we just rolled with it." His bets included whether a certain number of Taylor Swift songs would be played throughout the day and the length of their first kiss.

The bar for the kiss was set at 6.5 seconds. To the delight of the groom's brother, the couple came in just under. He had made the right bet.

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Mamdani's threats against Netanyahu are not what constructive leadership looks like. BY THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN | PAGE 3

Men, we know it's hot. But at the office, please skip the shorts. Your knees are meant to be covered by pants.

BY DAVID COGGINS | PAGE 10

When one teenager was diagnosed with diabetes, he filed a lawsuit — and proved that it's not impossible to fight Big Food. BY JULIA BELLUZ | PAGE 8

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Columns & Commentary

Public Square: Illustrations of people in protest, by Olivier Kugler.

Footnotes: Sun-Dried Planet

As the world reels from one climate catastrophe to the next, it can be hard to feel optimistic about the planet. But one bright spot is the rising adoption of solar power. Germany now generates more of its energy from wind and solar than from fossil fuels, according to the Energy Institute, a research organization. And since the United States cut off Cuba's oil supply, causing an energy crisis, solar panels have become an important power source for the island, with Cubans installing them on their homes, shops and even vehicles. Here are a few things to read and watch about solar power.

READ

'Power Metal: The Race for the Resources That Will Shape the Future'

There is no such thing as clean energy, argues Vince Beiser in his 2024 book. He details how mining copper and silver for solar panels may pollute rivers and be done under itfy labor conditions.

READ

'Here Comes the Sun: A Last Chance for the Climate and a Fresh Chance for Civilization'

In his 2025 book, the environmentalist Bill McKibben charts how solar power has become one of the cheapest and most accessible sources of energy, a feat he credits in part to China's manufacturing boom.

WATCH

'The Sun Queen'

In 1971, the chemical engineer Maria Totkes, who played a key role in the development of solar technology, helped design the first modern building to exclusively use solar energy. This 2023 PIEE documentary chronicles the contributions the Hungarian-born scientist made in advancing sustainable energy.

WATCH

'The Light Won't Dini'

Also: Hurricane Maria wrecked Puerto Rico's electrical grid, solar panels became indispensable there. Jackson Hyland-Lipiah's documentary explores how communities around the United States are using solar for power and to combat climate change.

ROSS DOUTHAT

'The Odyssey' Reade for Culture Wars

Christopher Nolan's "The Odyssey" is the Meckbooter that launched a million takot. The interpretations crowd my social media feed like Agamemnon's assembled ships at Aulis. They keen in my ears like the 'Green' seductive voices. They . . . OK, look, I'm just saying people have a lot of opinions about the biggest movie of the year.

And for good reason, because Nolan's film is perfectly calibrated for the contemporary culture war. First, because its source material is a story that everybody wants to claim: wake and anti-wake, associations and feminists, life-lives and characters, professional defenders of Western civilization and its wealth by reviews and advertisers. Other classics are similarly claimed and counterclaimed, but not everyone wants ownership of "The Heart" (too male), Asia-Asians (too female), the Greek tragedies (too depressing), the New Testament (too Christian) or the plays of Shakespeare (too hard to follow the dialogue). But to life as in Women's epic, everyone wants a piece of Odysseus.

Then, having plucked the ripest fruit, Nolan proceeded to serve in the blended term. Goes to the sea and sensuality, the waving stature, the hero's various ego and charisma. In their place is a story that's very American, with tropes familiar from war movies and westerns, dialogue that belongs in a contemporary T.A. novel and a story about that's in such extremely didactic and extremely general. "Civilization collapses when you violate Zeus' law" is the teaching of Nolan's story, and while you could imagine that Zeus' law is some ancient instruction requiring the comrades of a black better on

We all want to claim an ancient tale for our own purposes.

the highest peak on the darkest night, it turns out to just be the golden rule applied to homegrown, dogs and Trojans.

This is a critique, but it's also a key to the film's cultural cachet. If you just want to like "The Odyssey," if you just want to have a good time as the movie, the bland version still has all the good stuff — the Trojan horse! the Cyclope! a bloody homecoming! — stitched together by a director with a gift for propulsion and optimism. If you have a great enough story, you can reduce the spice level and still satisfy millions of customers with the meal.

Then if you want to claim "The Odyssey" for your own worldview, to know that the dominant movie of the summer is speaking directly to your concerns, the banal Alderstian of Nolan's script is unusually amenable to personalized interpretations.

I can give you a plausible reading of the movie in which its portrayal of the Bronze Age collapse is an allogery for the crisis of the liberal international order (Nolan the multicultural liberal, becoming the cruelty of Trumpism). Or a reading in which Odysseus' guilt over the sack of Troy is fundamentally Christian and the members belong to a world that awaits us if Christianity fails (Nolan the lapsed Catholic, unable to shake his religious upbringing). Or, for that matter, a populist reading in which Odysseus returns home from a hateristic Middle Eastern war to find guests abusing his hospitality who need to be cleared out (Nolan the British Burkman offering an allegory of a Europe unable to cope with immigration).

I assume the first reading is closest to the directorial intentions. But the material to this and therefore supple, ready to be shaped by ideological desire.

Finally, if you want to critique and hate the movie (and under algorithmically driven conditions, haters are type artists, too), the same rule applies. The equality can be interpreted for maximal dislike. Part of the fun of the "Odyssey" wars is seeing that happen in all kinds of different ways, with an original anti-wake critique of the movie, fixated on combined casting, giving way to left-titling academic tabedowns and then bespoke right-wing critiques riding in their wake. (Four thousand-plus words from the best-selling transition: Daily Wilson in the London and the Newfound movie the dilemmas on "an entertaining way to hide from the high temperature in the house," then the pseudonymous online reactionary Bronze Age Pervert responding with 6,000-mile workers to movie he calls "undercroing of a serious intellectual, ideological or aesthetic review.")

And here I am doing much the same thing, accusing Nolan of hostility and then devoting a great deal to the 1st cultural achievement. So let's give the man his dactile grasped that what this moment demanded was an adaptation of one of Western civilization's foundational texts, in working with its own city, shared assumption that Western civilization might be finished or fundamental, in a style that allowed everyone, fans and haters alike, to blame whatever crime or curse or group of male-farmer and infidelity (and of deterrence's) they held responsible for the doom already.

His reward will be a billion dollars in box office, a blank check for next time, and the absolute power in determine what we'll all be arguing about in the summer of 2026.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

58 3

Columns & Commentary

THOMAS L. FRIEDMAN

Mamdani Was Wrong to Threaten Netanyahu

I don't know what kind of New York City mayor Zoltana Mamdani will turn out to be, but he's already proved to be a real disappointed man at a statement. New York is the only city in the world in which at least 750,000 Jews and Muslims apiece live side by side. Rather than being a constructive bridge builder between them, Mamdani, the city's first Muslim mayor, has thrown to be a bridge destroyer — using the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to pause. It is such a waste of a truly charismatic political talent.

Consider Mamdani's recent must: threatening to arrest Prince Minister Benjamin No-amyahu of Israel when he visits New York City for the United Nations gathering in September. The International Criminal Court is used as arrest warrant for Netanyahu in 2024, alleging he committed crimes against humanity in Gaza. Though Mamdani evokes the acknowledged that the law had no such legal authority — and instead called on the federal government to execute the warrant days before the Israeli leader's visit to Washington — it was just the kind of thing Netanyahu will use to misconquage it got re-election (Oct. 2) I can write the campaign commercial myself: "The only safe place for Jews is Israel. Just look at what's going on in New York. The only leader who can prevent Israelis is the USA."

In my view, Mamdani and Netanyahu's extreme views are just flip sides of the same case. Bills does not recognize the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination in their national leadership and believes only Israel should govern the territory something from the Mediterranean Sea to the Jordan River. But the Palestinianism as a people — more than severe million of them live in that space — and they are not going away or re-squeaking their right to stand, no matter what fantasy. But and his takeover propagates to the contrary. What Bill is really selling is a forever war between Israelis and Palestinians. What he lets writers tell the West Bank rip up the villages of Palestinians, and when they resist, his government calls it terrorism.

Mamdani does not call for a two-state solution, either. He argues that Jews are not entitled to self-determination in a state of their own — a Jewish state in their Militia homeland in that state might skyrocling from the Mediterranean Sea to the Jordan River. But more than seven million Jews also live in that space, and they, too, are not going away or re-squeaking their right to a Jewish state — no matter what Mamdani and other democratic societies say. So, they are also effectively promoting a forever war.

To be clear: I have no problem with Mamdani using his office to highlight the terrible deeds Netanyahu per pen and in Gaza. I have been demanding Netanyahu's leadership since he was first elected in 2006. I've also demanded Hamani's leadership. I would simply ask of Mamdani what I ask of every leader. Do you want to make a point, or do you want to make a difference?

What if Mamdani actually wanted to be a bridge builder between Israelis and Palestinians, a risk for which he had the unique capacity and talent? If he did, he would declare his intention that on the day Netanyahu arrives in New York City for the U.S. General Assembly, he would convene a seminar at his office

and invite Israeli, Palestinian, Arab, Muslim and Jewish experts to discuss the only just and stable solution: how to large two separate states for two peoples living in that area between the river and the sea.

His would invite Saudi representatives to discuss the Arab Peace Initiative, which was launched in this column in 2002 by the Saudi crown prince Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz at Saad. He would invite Bill Clinton, Barack Obama and George W. Bush to each talk about their respective plans for two states for two peoples. He'd invite Palestinian leaders like Salam Fayyad, the former Palestinian Authority prime minister, who did so much in his tenure to build Palestinian institutions for a Palestinian state sent to Israel, to discuss how they would revive that effort today.

Most important, he would invite representatives of Jewish-Arab organizations trying to forge two states for two peoples, like the Abraham Initiative. Not to be confused with

A stunt by New York's mayor was a waste of his talent and our time.

the Abraham Accords, this is an organization in Israel that works on crossdilution between Palestinian and Jewish citizens of Israel. I have donated money to the group. His would invite representatives of Southeast Middle East, an Israeli-Palestinian-Abraham organization dedicated to driving reconstitution through shared environmental projects. (I've also donated money to it.) And he'll invite the

new Israeli party A Place for Us AS, established ahead of the coming elections with a combined list of Israeli-Palestinian and Israeli Jews, led by Rida Daoud and Aion-Lee Green.

In an essay published in Haaretz, I know explained that the new party is "not a Jewish party (with a symbolic Arab representation) and not an Arab party (with a symbolic Jewish representation), but a man (with Jewish party)" it proposes to build. There is that will bring both an end to the occupation and the establishment of an independent Palestinian state, side by side with the State of Israel!

I am, to add a little one power, he could invite the New Yorkian people to make an impression by the speech she delivered at a recent online fund-raiser for a Place for Us AS. According to a report in Haaretz, Portman "emphasized her identity as a Jewish woman and Israeli citizen, only acknowledged that the members and raised in Israel and that she has "deep love, an many of me also do, for the people of this region — all people of this region — and for the Israel, and for the Israel."

As Portman told the New York Times, "You fought for the return of the hostages. You stood against the war of annihilation, and for the children of Gaza. You demanded safer streets, more fair wages... The establishment wants to roll away from the responsible, that true partnership is impossible. They want to minimize what these incredible land are are doing here right now, and they've terrified of what this movement represents."

That is what "the American" means being sounds like. A Place for Us AS is still pulling far below the threshold needed to risk a man in the Kirovert. But it is also just starting. If you prefer a more hardbought system of the message, think out how to do that. The members for Israel's Security, which comprises nearly 400 vertical Israeli Army colonels and generals as well as Messad. Nine Rev (Internal Security), police and diplomatic corps veterans who are all committed to opposing Israeli annexation in the West Bank and working toward a two-state solution.

Imagine if Mamdani, instead of engaging in a serious mass of publicity making the arrest of Netanyahu, convened at West Israel, Palestinian, Arab and American as the same of two states for two peoples. I have invited Netanyahu to address them. Let Bill be the one to say: "Yes, I don't want to have anything to do with Israeli, Palestinian, Arab and American advocates of two states for two peoples."

It would at least need the message to Israel: centre-right, center and left voters that the world doesn't have them, that the mayor of New York City isn't not to get them and that all the international community wants to be Israelis and Palestinians to be constructive partners ready to explore the only realistic alternative to a forever war.

I have no idea if it would help. But I know for sure that what Mamdani is doing is just running out of Netanyahu among Israelis who think little is their only protector, his hard-like stance their only salvation.

If that's what Mamdani now wants to do with his platform — to add more tags to a fire that is already raging quite well on its own — it's such a waste of his talent, such a waste of his office, such a waste of his breath and such a waste of our time.

JAMES LEE BOUIE

Why Do We Tolerate Musk's Racist Commentary!

"The Turner Diaries" is a work of white supermark agitating. It purports to be the diary of a new host militant, Earl Turner, who is working in northern the United States government — to as the book calls it, "the System" — through a group called "the Organization" (hence castigates "the System" for promoting integration, encouraging nonwhite immigration and placing Jewish people, Black Americans and other extremists in positions of authority over whites.

Among other anxieties, the novel delivers a series of talk on predominantly Black voters, a Holocaust of Jewish Americans, the total other choosing of California, the subjugation of women and the "Day of the Rape" — a more public function of white people instead of the "clutter" for their relationships with nonwhites.

The white power movement in the United States, notes the historian Augusta Dell'Omo in "facing apartheid: White Internationalism" for the "The Third World of the World." Indeed, in white southern Africa for inspiration as it planned for becoming "new war" "This金融迷们! I better of what do I offer! In places such as Zimbabwe and South Africa it again!" The "The Third World of the World" is the novel, the китайized in the pages of a white nationalist precluded in 1971 and then published as a性格的 one who are left to the one a touch-tone for the American and global far right.

"The Order," a white supermarket terrorist group responsible for three failings, including the murder of the former talk-make host Alan G. G. (the "The Third World of the World") — the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is the "The Third World of the World" — is

Today, you don't have to look far or dig deep to see the ambient influence of "The Turner Diaries" on the far right. You need just to spend a little time in the online world of the richest man on the planet. Ellen Musk (although to be clear there is no direct evidence that Musk has read the book).

The Musk of the mainstream media is an enthusiastic, if achieved, technologist, industrialist and would-be government reformer, as soon as his non-definers (Department of Government Efficiency But Musk spends much of his time on X, his social media website, where he simplifies for-right accounts and shares his own white nationalist, and immigrant politics for all the world to see.

Over the past month in particular, he has adopted the imagery of a recent film, "Citizen

A tech executive's hateful white nationalist views should define his place in public life.

"Vigilants" in which the actor Armin Hammer spends the run time playing a Charter Bronx sub-copay character who targets alleged criminals, framed mostly as Arab and African migrants. Musk uses that imagery to raise his views about what must be done to save Western civilization.

"We," replied Musk to an image of a gunning Hammer clad in Musk with the caption "Five the visitors then the invaders" (In also shared a post from a different user who explained that the point of "Citizen Vigilants" in which the Hammer character "spends the first half of the movie murdering white people are migrants"). Is that you must "always hang a better before you hang an enemy" Musk repeated this several times, including in a post that simply said, "Visitors before invaders."

Last month, Musk again posted that we must "find with visitors before invaders" and then said a few days later that "Anyone who

opposes resignation is a trainer."

"Immigrants" in the call, from far-right European political parties, to forcibly remove nonwhite citizens to their supposed countries of origin, regardless of whether they are immigrants or native-born. It is essentially a form of ethnic cleansing and it is envisioned as a response to the supposed "Great Replacement" of white European with non-whites.

As Musk sees it, opponents of resignation are visitors to "the West," and an "outdoor" their proper fate, according to the logic of his posts, it is he failed as punishment for their role in the misagregable transformation of majority-white nations and, presumably, as a warning to those who might gather the national bloodstream by welcoming nonwhites into their lives and into the country.

Musk's preoccupation with demagogue, "trainer" flows directly from his obsession with population collapse, which he frames in terms of shrinking European and white American birthdays. "White people are a rapidly debated and directly in the global population," Musk wrote in September 2023, "can help you," he later said, "to the machine one threat to the West followed closely by migration. There will be a few of this controversy."

One might even see his destruction of the United States agency for International development — responsible, or, far, for an estimated 70,000 double worldwide — as consistent with his concern with taking into account the relative relative to those in places such as sub-Saharan Africa, where U.S.A.(D) was active. After all, one way to secure a future for Western children, in this zero-sum view of the world, would be to starve citizens and

Musk, it should be said, insists that no one has died because of his ruin.

In a recent interview with The Economist, Musk denied that he was a racist, even as he defended his far-right views of immigration. "If you have a large and growing, rapidly growing group of people whom Musk are anesthetized in Western beliefs, at some point,

there will be a reckoning," he said.

But these views, as we see, are indistinguishable from what you would find in "The Turner Diaries." With hundreds of millions of followers on a platform in personality controls, Musk stands as the most prominent surveyor of far-right and internationalist leaders in the world. This is the most Musk who is also busy leveraging his real wealth to shape that same world in his own image.

And what is that image?

As Quinn McMahan and Ron Terneff show in their book "Muskers: A Guide for the Re-elected," an important part of Musk's vision is to see the world as a companion, where "the horizons of humanities" are shrunk "into the defense of white forelief." This is one in that is a larger effort to "dilicate humanity from the 'wish mind' virus" that Musk sees as a self-destructive tendency responsible for the "simplify" that has led Western nations to open their societies to others.

That's not, it is because it's the phenomenon of themes and ideas found in "The Turner Diaries," where the titular character believes that whites have been corrupted by a "Jewish-Musik-democratic-egidistical plague."

Mostly we are now in the world, and the cutting views are so secret, the idea not hide them. They sit in place view, world, accessible, and the world. They are, in some ways, a question to ask, then, is in this. Why does Musk get a pace? This is a good reason, journalists and commentators trust his far-right racist radicalism as a volunteer rather than the other two political leaders. The "Jewish-Musik project," seen in everything from his deep support for Donald Trump in the United States and Percent Britain in Britain to his decision to construct a massive polishing generating power meter in predominantly Black Metaphas!

Musk spends a large part of his free time becoming violence and spreading the same speech damage that motivated some of the insidious and disillusioned people. The paper on American fall. It is that fact, and not the can be bailed or the rodents be launched, that ought to define his place in public life.

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4 38

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

OPINION

What My Father's Murder Taught Me About Iran

Mehrzad Boroujerdi

The dean of the College of Arts, Sciences and Education at Missoun University of Science and Technology.

ON DEC. 23, 1978, weeks before revolutionaries toppled the Iranian noteworthy, armed assailants carried out two coordinated attacks in Akrast, the operational hub of Iran's prothesis inducing killing an Iranian oil official and an American oil coarative in separate ambushes.

The victims were my father, Makk-Mohammad Boroujerdi, and his colleague, Paul E. Grimm.

I read about the attack the next day on the front page of this newspaper. I had arrived in America to study only four months before. For most readers, it was another dispatch from a bizonny country descending into revolutionary turmoil. For me, it was the moment that I learned my father had been murdered.

Some of the men who helped orchestrate his killing later became architects of the Islamic republic, and now sit at the heart of the government that Washington faces is in standard-of-again with. For decades, American policymakers have viewed the Islamic republic primarily through the prism of its clerical leadership. Yet understanding Iran's resilience and its capacity for defiance requires looking beyond the religious establishment to this key revolutionary generation that helped build the regime — the men who emerged from militant organizations and who now occupy the commanding heights of the Islamic republic's power structure.

This generation of men was born in the mid-1950s, came of age during the upheavals of the 1970s and entered adulthood amid the 1979 revolution. The years leading up to the revolution were a time of disastrous activism and revolutionary struggle. These men built the institutions of the post-revolutionary order, fought the Iran-Eng war and weakened successive states of domestic union, international isolation, economic sanctions and military confrontation.

Whatever judgment one makes of their record, they are neither political services nor leaders easily crored by external pressure. Their longevity has removed them from deep institutional memory; a strong instinct for regime survival and a pragmatic understanding of the uses — and limits — of both coercion and conspiration. As the Trump administration makes it a more effective war with Tehran, it must grapple with these realities. Neither war nor peace with the Islamic republic will come easily, regardless of who occupies the White House.

MY FATHER was a secular nationalist. He was neither drawn to the religiously inspired revolutionary message of Azamillah Abdullah Khan nor particularly supportive of Shah Mohammed Reza Khokot, whose role, in his view, owed much to the U.S. a national crop of 1953. Despite his misgiving about both camps, he remained committed to the job. When all workers surrendered, he was on strike to cripple the didn't government, my father continued reporting to work in his capacity as a senior official of the Oil Service Company of Iran, which supported the National Iranian Oil Company's petroleum operations.

That decision ultimately made him a target. In the weeks before his death, my father starred to receive threats from the militant Islamist guerrilla organization Manosurwar — "the Victorians Once" — which viewed those who continued working in the oil industry as "a major source of the Islamic cause. In the foggy problem hours of Dec. 23, 1978, just a few feet from our home, the group ambushed my father as he drove to work, shooting him once in his chest and once in his hand. After all, the man was a million away, members of a closely allied Islamic guerrilla organization subscribed a half of gunfire on the car of Mr. Grimm. Both men were killed.

The best communication were a overlap point for Iran. Mr. Grimm, the acting man, aging director of the Oil Service Company, was the only American killed during the revolutionary upheaval of 1970 and 1974. His murder triggered the revolution of his foreign personnel employed in Iran's oil industry, dealing a severe blow to production. According to figures from the U.S. Department of Energy, within three days of the numbers, through the mid-1970s, Iran's Iran barred per day to under 700,000. The economic prediction of the death regime was no longer a booming possibility. It was a fast-ackfilling reality, hastened by a campaign of

intimidation and violence waged by Islamist militants.

I自治区 and disavowed, I returned to Iran in the with my family. Unlike my father, I had been sympathetic to the revolutionary cause as a teenager, even if I, too, was uneasy with its recently religious overthrow and symbolism. Now the revolution had just claimed my father's life, leaving me to grap-

Leaders in Tehran aren't easily cowed.

ple with a jungle of grief, anger, sympathy and uncertainty. The readers would had not yet witnessed a successful then-crate revolution, and what was satisfying before my eyes was bewildering. One day I would visit my father's grave, the next, I would stand among crowds observing revolutionary demonstrations in the streets.

FENTUALLY, I left Iran to go back to my studies in the United States. On the night, I made a promise to myself: I would abandon my plan to become a revolution engineer and would study politics, hoping to better understand the ideas, forces and events that had to profoundly or even the course of my life.

I have devoted my academic life to examining the ideological foundations of the 1979 revolution and the architecture of power in the Islamic republic and have undertaken what I believe to be the largest major international of Iran's political elite to date. As part of this work, I traced the careers at the modern members of Manosurwar, many of whom rose to the highest ranks of the Islamic republic's military and security establishment.

Among the most prominent members was Mohsen Rezaei, who helped protect Azamillah Khanemet upon his return to Iran in February 1978. In September 1981, Azamillah Khanemet appointed Mr. Rezaei, then 27 years old, as the commander in chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps, on Rezaei went on to become the longest-serving commander in the Guards' history, holding the post for 16 years while overseeing the major's transformation from a revolutionary militia into a sophisticated military organization with dedicated ground, naval and aerospace forces. Today, after mounting four unsuccessful presidential campaigns, Mr. Rezaei serves as a senior military officer at the supreme leader, Mirjan Khanemet, who fought in the Iran-Eng war as a teenager while Mr. Rezaei was being commander of the Guards.

Other abused of Manosurwar who helped reverse my father's death and other extra-judicial killings before the revolution also rose to the highest ranks of the Iranian military-security establishment. Among them was Ali Shambkani, who served as the minister of the Guards, the minister of defense and, for a decade, the secretary of the Supreme National Security Council. He was a top security adviser in Azamillah Ali Khanemet before being killed in the U.S.-Israeli bombardment this past February targeting the supreme leader's compound.

Another war Mohammed Baqar Zakjadi, who served first as the chief of the Guards' Joint Staff and subsequently as the deputy commander in chief of the organization. In March, Brigadier General Zakjadi was appointed secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, placing first at the center of Civil Defense security for প্রধান磋商, Both the United States and the United Nations have imposed sanctions on him. General Zakjadi has denounced President Trump as "the detailed intent to provoke" who left behind the Defense.

Other Manosurwar veterans also went on to play important roles in the projection of Iranian influence abroad, including helping to establish Shirin militant organizations in Iraq and Lebanon, serving as military antartish in Syria and occupying some of the highest offices of the Islamic republic, including first vice president and acting president.

FOR nearly half a century, I have spoken out nearly about what happened to my family. The story was too personal, too painful and, for many years, too dangerous. I remember to try a family to tell. It also meant withholding parts of that history from my own children while they were growing up.

But recently, as Washington finds itself negotiating, directly or indirectly, with men such as Mohsen Rezaei and Mohammad Baqar Zakjadi, I changed my mind. To most Americans, these names are little more than items on leveling papers. To me, they belong to the same name as the Guards, but not only shaped my own life since I was 16 years old, but whose understand better, perhaps, than most.

The death of Azamillah Khanemet, one of the former Iran's longest-serving materials, together with the demands of a war against two formidable adversaries, has produced a new political reality: Revolutionary's Guards turned politicians have to be a leader in the U.S.-Iraeli power brokers. Both the injured supreme leader and the extolled clerical establishment understand that their survival — and the survival of the Islamic republic itself — do not have to be a leader in the Guards. While these military strongness will continue to pay its service to the azamillah as the supreme leader, they are unlikely to hesitate to shape his agenda or over-the-technies that conflict with their institutional interests, back to the perfidious architecture of political authority in previous Iran.

The United States and Israel have yet to learn that the Iranian regime is not made of paper-matrix, and the Islamic republic's constitutional ideology is unlikely to dissipate anytime soon. The men in uniform allowed no hesitation in killing thousands of their own companions in January — a national trauma that Iranian society has yet to fully preserve. They will continue to practice a politics of performance for domestic audiences even as they recognize that the regime's social contract is both morally bankrupt and unsecured.

In 1978, members of Manosurwar granted down my father on a road in Akrast. I could never have imagined that many of the men who helped reverse his killing — or their surviving comrades — would, nearly half a century later, become the principal adversaries of an interfactions of my adopted homeland.

Like everyone else, I don't know how this war is going to end. But after a lifetime of observing these men, I do know that, European lawmakers are deplorable. I have been there than to be a dangerous illusion. Their confrontation into all vastly and medically has triggered Iran in debilitating crises, both at home and abroad. The accumulation of economic, political, and political interest has left the country increasingly vulnerable and made government ever more costly.

We the regime endures. The formidable architecture of Iran's "long-ones," for relaxation, is the most common way that the intrudate of institutional experience in managing crises continues to provide it with remarkable resilience. The result is an uneasy equilibrium: Internal discontent and external protection are the only body, but the man's capacity for survival remains largely intact.

That is the paradox of Iran today: a system under relentless strain, yet still far from collapse.

Stop Testing A.I. Like an App. Test It Like a Weapon.

Brett J. Goldstein

The director of the Mutual Problems Lab of the Venerable University Institute of National Security and a Senior Pedagogic official.

PERHAPS the most important argument we're having about artificial intelligence right now to how to determine which models are safe to release and which are too dangerous.

That argument has been made recently. The air force of the U.S. models escaped a sealed vermin environment and broke into the service of an A.I. company called Haggag Face. According to OpenAI, what's publicly reported the incident a new data, obtained from Haggag Face's own data test and resumed that the solutions might be an Haggag Face's servers, which隔断 a digital library of other A.I. technology that

many developers use. So the models left the test environment they were supposed to remain in and smoked onto the internet, backed into the Haggag Face system and took the solutions. OpenAI said it didn't even know what its models had done until Haggag Face reported the breach and it was investigated. Spurred by OpenAI's revelation, aethronic carried out a review of its own, and announced that its models had backed into three outside organizations: Improvement 'Yes, Technology' Authority.

The A.I. models could not be contained in a cage that was built to confirm them during a controlled test. Policymakers supposed to protect society from threats do not understand what they means. Neither do the web engineers racing ahead to build A.I.

The government and the private sector are each certain that the other has the prob-

tion of A.I. safety handled. Neither one does. A.I. labs must accept that above some lies, they are creating systems that function as weapons. The government must learn enough to determine where that is the best—no government can regulate what it does not understand. The line must be mornally agreed upon, easily identifiable and frequently revisited. And it must be drawn soon.

Controlling the use of most weapons means leveraging people's ability to exercise restraint. We came close to annihilating one another during the Civil War, but we didn't — because people still there are in launch the weapons. Having a nuclear weapon and using one are two different things.

A.I. weaves that distinction, because it is a weapon capable of adapting on its own and

behaving in unpredictable ways. If an A.I. lab publishes its model for anyone to use, it may not matter that its users exercise proper restraint. The model may still act as "a system capacity to control the system's own, give us owner, and a weapon made available for anyone to use effectively has some

A.I. labs in the United States will tell you that their models are trained to release dangerous or malicious weapons. If you ask a model for code intended to attack, says, ahat, pray, the model is supposed to decline. But these guardrails are removable, like train, big wheels. OpenAI reduced its own guard rails for the only test. A weapon that is not hundred dollars may be enough to strip many models of their constraints. Any cybersecurity expert will point out that with time, resources and ingenuity, any restriction can be bypassed or broken down.

Managing the risks of a technology means acknowledging uncomfortable truths.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

14 5

OPINION

Blaming Canada Is No Longer a Joke

Chrystia Freeland

A former factory driver, minister of foreign affairs and minister of finance of Canada.

BLAMING Canada must to be such a disastrous idea that it was a joke. A couple of decades ago, 'South Park' shopped a campaign against Canada for fabricated offenses (in this case, children who swear) as a satirical driver whose idea not happened to be used to undercover the patients' human tendency to point fingers at someone— anyone—else for our own feelings.

Yet here we are, with the actual president of the United States, with into his second term, blaming Canada for pretty much everything. The 'South Park' movie culminates in a war between Canada and the British and the Far East, in the real world, the battlefield is in Canada. The 'South Park' Trump threatening to impose tariffs on some 600 billion of Canadian experts, singing from hockey sticks to other people, and the 'North and other Canada as treatment of U.S. bases, diary and care.'

That's just the most recent estimate. Earlier, Canada's chief crime was being ravaged by the dangerous force in our own based law, and, before the war, the most considered a national security threat, and therefore subject to tariffs as our work, aluminum, car parts and cars.

But America's trade relationship with its members might be in very strong, and mutually beneficial. The Trump White House knows that, because customers between the two countries is governed by a trade agreement negotiated during the first Trump ad-announcement, and that the 'the president himself as 'the best trade deal ever!' The United States runs a slight trade deficit with the nation's rebalancing that the tax and services and a large surplus if you exclude energy, which America needs more, not less, of in the power-hungry and of artificial intelligence. At a time when Americans rank inflation and of forbidding the high top economic concerns, adding another tax on consumer goods — which is what tariffs are — is self-defeating.

Behearing the economic irrationality of the president's trade war on Canada is but, and a call to the United States for darkenylising suffering northern friends, but the reality is that the economics of Mr. Trump's tariff attacks on Canada are not really the point.

This light isn't about correcting the global financial relationship, but the president's more high-minded apologists contend are the true purpose of the trade policy. Nor is it about ending the flash that deaths of despair that Mr. Trump's most articulate readers sometimes have to be a big one for their present tinnies.

That doesn't mean that there is no method to what can look like madness. Mr. Trump's tariff offenses has a clear purpose: to demonstrate who is dominant and who must submit.

As a U.S. counterpart told me during the U.S.M.C.A. negotiations in 2016, we are in times bigger than you, so we should get our way. It times more than you do. The laughably flimsy, constantly changing pacifics, times for the president's tariffs are in fact part of the policy. But when a thing able to do whatever you like for whatever reason you like, or for its reason at all.

The rest of the world saw that, too, last month, when tariffs were imposed on more than 50 countries, the government that they were violating forced labor provisions. This from a White House that is friendlier with China than it is with its NATO allies.

You don't need to have one-sided meetings in the Oval Office or have a degree in international relations to see that this is what is going on. The president has been his usual, utterly transparently soft.

Since Mr. Trump was elected a second time, he has repeatedly described Canada as the 31st state and our prime minister as a governor. The tariffs would not be forced, he has pointed out over and over again, if Canada were to accept absorption, after the new measures were announced. Mr. Trump is stated that Canada was entirely at Washington's mercy: 'They need us to survive. Without us, there's no way they can survive.'

In other words, this isn't about who naive or have Canada manages its heroin or reviving U.S. manufacturing. It's about whether Canada is prepared to accept a profound change in its relationship with the United States. It's about whether Canada is willing to go from being an ally and a partner, as a relationship governed by treaties and rules, to be as a result, subject to Washington law. - But the Venezuela of Policy Rodriguez, only with onewidth and hockey.

Once you understand that, it is obvious how Canada needs to react. As we did in 2016, when we responded to the first major U.S. tax

off attack with dollar-for-dollar retaliation, Canada must fight back. The only thing a bully understands is strength, and Mr. Trump is keen to establish himself as the world's open predator.

Self-defence works best when you do it as a team, and that is why my friend and former Liberal Party parliamentary colleague Mark Carney, the Canadian prime minister, has struck such a third around the world with his call for middle powers to act together.

That's the right thing for the rest of us to do, and it is happening faster than Americans may realize. But the big unknown remains what happens in the United States.

Mr. Trump has made his view again, His Washington doesn't have allies. It has only estates, enemies and equals. But the United States singular group that includes just China and no some days, perhaps, Russia.

Inside the United States, the pressing question is whether the country will remain a democracy. That matters to the rest of us, too, of course. But even if democracy eventually prevails inside the United States, America's old friends will wonder whether Trumpism permanently reshaped Washington's relationship with the rest of the world.

Will a poor Trump America try to rebuild private partnerships with its like-minded leaders, based on the idea that who win successes are possible and that even superpowers need to honor their treaty commitments? Or is Mr. Trump saying not least what most Americans have really thought of their allies all about?

The United States is — understandably — as preoccupied by its internal trauma and its war of choice in the Middle East that it is easy to imagine that these other foreign relationships are second-order questions. After all, in its 2500s year, the Republic really is flirting with authoritarianism.

But it would be a grave mistake for Americans to treat their place in the world as under-orthought. Because the irony is that Washington is abusing its allies at precisely the moment when it must needs them. As the war with Iran is demonstrating, even the United States is weaker when it goes it alone.

The White House is abusing allies it desperately needs.

In 1944, when the United States began to construct the Pan Americans to unravel and to invest in the past war recovery for the allies, Washington accounted for close to half of the world's gross domestic product. Today it is still the single biggest economy, but its share has fallen to just over a quarter. China's is roughly 71 percent. But, add NATO partners, along with Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand, and Japan Democracy is back to well over half of the global economy, accounting for six much a bill percent.

Yet for a long time, the American leaders, that list of like-minded democracies doesn't feel like much of an alliance anymore. A five-year-very published last month showed that in most of the 36 surveyed countries, China was the only one of the largest state-owned United States. That included Canada, where 15 percent of respondents saw America favorably compared with 44 percent for China. People in France, Germany and Britain took a time far over.

At one level, that's minimize, China has an authoritative commonsit government that improves and removes the right to use the minorities and ruthlessly punishes foreign partners destined to be stopping out of him, as it did with Canada is five years ago, experiencing two innocent Canadians to response to our decision to honor our extradition status with the United States in an unvitalized case.

But given Mr. Trump's choice to play by China's rules and force smaller countries to return to its extent, the god would shoulder be much of a surprise.隨着PPP's, even in the most benign, are always resonated. That means that America's allies have all being harassed a large number of anti-Americanism. Those Pan Americans skeptics are gnawing right now, wagging their fingers at the Admissions and saying they told us so.

Would be there a American leaders who recognize the right of allies and think at all the forgivers when the White House has a new occupant need to appreciate the depth of the damage being done by its current resident. They can limit the harm and crime the option for the United States to run a different choice in the future by speaking out now.

If they don't, the rest of the world will be right to think that all Americans actually agree with the current baby to God. The only winners from that outcome will be the world's deepest.

Or, as the great Canadian songwriter and poet Leonard Cohen previously put it, 'You aren't going to like what comes after America.'

APPROXIMATELY THE WHITE HOUSE

The rise of advanced open-weight models that are first to use and build on makes this new model look like a new model, a new weight models — the moment one goes up, everyone on earth can learn it: every small-power service, every cartel, every brand (if your old, The only way to stop it from being weaponized is to stop it from being published in the first place).

And there's the problem. The decision is a publish in made by people who do not think they are making a decision about decisions. They are not only general who lives a minute knows what he has done. An engineer who uploads a model thinks he is shipping a product.

The law needs to restrain these models from being turned into weapons. The world learned this with biological weapons, which can also exhibit unpredictable and uncontrollable qualities. Instead of banning their

use, treaties such as the Biological and State Weapons Convention that these weapons' development and stockpiling altogether, moving one step earlier in the chain.

Here's my law for deciding if an A. A model is safe to release. Before a model goes up, its developer should measure what it can do at its very worst, with guardrails stripped off using a published text anyone can revise, developed by select experts on the United States government concerns. The text is where the line gets drawn, cleave the line, and the text is the same as the text that is less learned freely. But whatever puts a model above the line even what it does and bears responsibility for the consequences.

Some might first that these steps are: (1) to make a model more effective, which has made open-model release a national strategy. If America limits model release while China does not, some argue, it will

bart our country's competitiveness.

A weapon that always no one threatens China as much as it does the United States. We should seek a shared way to measure wares once capability and determine what is dangerous, as we have done for testing aircraft. The path does not depend on trust. It depends on a calculate for economic prosperity and political stability; that is to such a true best interest.

The warning shot has been fired. The next time there's an attack like ripen it's or destroy it's, we may not even know about it. There is no chain of command to go through before deciding whether or not to launch a weapon. Now it's a keystroke that uploads a dangerous model for the whole world to use. Everything we can do has to happen before the model goes out in the world, after that, no one can take the weapon back.

Don't Call It The Civil War

Anthony Conwright

A writer focused on U.S. history.

If a written statement on the anniversary of Robert S. Levi's surrender at Appomattox, President Trump described the Confederacy's defeat in 1865 as the end of the Grand years of浩劫. 'Rather than condemn the Confederacy's reasons or name slavery as the cause for which it fought, Mr. Trump quoted Ulysses's and Uremart's in the vanquished army.' 'The war is over. The whole are not countrymen again.'

Behearding rebellion is nothing new. Americans take it for granted that the war be receded by a different state and the Union was always called the Civil War, but it was not. During the war and in its aftermath, it was previously called an 'unintervency war,' or 'rebellion.' Its current name is a result of decades of suffering by Confederate heritage groups and white Southerners committed to rejuvenating the South's image and ignoring the United States overholding.

As Mr. Trump and his allies try to whiteness the line, it fails, insurrection, we should return to an older and far more accurate name for the Civil War. We should once again call the Confederacy Rebellion. It is country unquestionably subject language that obscures its Rebellion criteria to absolve their worst government, how can we expect successive generations to remember the new assassination democracy without deploying equally forgiving languages?

In the war's early years, the South's rebel-lessness was emphasized in part as a legal necessity. Congress was underlining the prevalence of nonviolence, which is not forth the militia to suppress the Southern revolt. But in the decades after Levi's surrender, Confederate heritage groups lobbied Congress, education and the broader public to adopt a new leadership that avoided calling the Southerners 'rebells'.

The one of 'thewledder's Rebellion' began early Senator Samuel C. Pencey's July 1863 bill to 'suppress the slaveholder's rebellion' became a means that the language was subject to debate. One wonder who later deforced to the Confederacy said it created 'robust and prejudice against a particular interest' — that is, slavery.

The war was the third only decades after the war, when white Southerners and their representatives in Congress collaborated to re-write the history of the conflict. In 1898, one group pushed to organize reference to 're-affirm the status of the Rebellion discussion of the war. They preferred the missionaries' 'War Between the States,' freeing the Confederacy of the stigma of revolt.

From 1876 to 1901, the campaign's sympathizers in Congress moved to strike 'War of

To face our own history, we must be honest about it.

the Rebellion' — the common name at the time — from legislation, 'Civil War' became a compromise solution, modifying Confederate heritage groups and white acceptable to their opponents than War Between the States.

Other nomenclature followed. In 1885, the American Library Association delivered its reading reading of 'Rebellion' to instead search 'U.S. History, Civil War.' In 1887, Congress declared a preference for 'Civil War.' But, in this day, though, the U.S. Government Style Manual lists Civil War, War of the Rebellion and War Between the States as acceptable. One can agreed-upon-sophomism; one is accurate; the last is a la-

The American Library Council War to theoretically veil the slaveholder's rebellion has consequences, after the redemption of the Confederacy, on Confederates and their heirs helped create a regime of anti-Black violence and control by a legal architecture of disconfrontment and lynching. The danger of rhetorical destruction lies not only in its distortion of the past, but also in its pre-emptive justification for future assault on democratic law.

When Mr. Trump pardoned the Jan. 6 insurrectionists, he described them as victims of a 'grave national injustice,' framing their release as an act of 'national reconciliation.' It was the only limitation of the power clichéd trope and evasion how to rewrite a country's moral code, rendering treachery as justifiable as patriotism. Jan. 6 became simply 'the event.'

The 'thewledder's obfuscation of the insurrection could not erase the character of the rebels he sought to absolve, many of whom returned to criminal enterprises after their pardon. In February, Christopher Meynikan, who was among those who broached police barricades at the Capitol, pleaded guilty to charges associated with threatening to kill Representative Hakeem Jeffries.

These parlous operate using the same logic of rehabilitation once used for the Confederacy, even if the consequences have not registered on the same scale. In both instances, the 'thewledder' is a 'decision by simply the 'label applied to rebels.' Mr. Trump's use of 'national reconciliation' in his justice helps revise the meaning of Jan. 6, reframing insurrectionism as martyrs and violent arrests, and to restore American democracy as acts of patriotism.

The litigation relationships of the Confederacy in more than a manufactured myth of Southern redemptions. It is a ritual of national engagement, which is a American society participation every time we call the Slaveholder's Rebellion against the United States the Civil War. 'Civil War,' is no name for a war waged by slaveholding traitors against the United States, and that's Americans to become 'noughty. Now, 165 years since the war's first show, we should be honest about how we hold its memory.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

OPINION

The Spiritual Trap of Our Own Image

Catherine Shannon

A writer of essays, fiction and a newsletter on Substance.

EVERYTHING is strange. We work for human. We socialize online. Our private lives are increasingly public. People pretend to be female, brands pretend to be people. We optimize our bodies and they break. And the more we know, the less secure we feel.

In this inverted world, we seek to understand what is real and what is true. To know the truth of ourselves, we begin at what lives like a natural place: the mirror. We wish to see ourselves as others do, and modern life gives us countless opportunities.

We are constantly confronted with our own image. Whether we like it or not: on our phones, front-facing videos, selfies, public spaces (the communal mirrors in Article) dressing rooms come painfully to mind), unsocial media profiles, Zoom calls, FaceTime, Blog duetimes. But we can forget that mirrors both duplicate reality and reverse it. None show you exactly as you are. Every thing is strange.

The historian Christopher Lauch wrote that "he the vast insist, the world is a mirror". Almost 30 years later, this remains a tidy diagnosis, but it doesn't quite capture the extent of the spiritual crisis that we're now facing. I believe the room of mirrors that constantly surrounds us conjures something unsettling, something dark. It is a spiritual trap in which the imagined displaces the real. We choose a history of ourselves over the reality of others. And that trap is hailed and facilitated by technology.

TO SEE what I mean, we need only to imagine our online behavior in real life, without the platforms that blur the boundaries of what's acceptable.

Picture yourself at a cocktail party — one you're dreading, one for work. A colleague approaches you. Beside him, there is a large mirror, and as you converse with him and answer his creative personal questions, you do not look at his face. Instead, you look at yourself, at your own reflection. You watch yourself talk and laugh, you see the face you put when he asks if you're going to have another kid soon. Yes examine your reflection, correct your posture, exaggerate your "I'm listening" face. In person, this would be utterly bizarre. People would probably ask if you need to sit down. But this is what we do, all day long, on Zoom.

Or imagine a so-called skinfluorizer taking on through a load of hot summer favorites — hot without hot phone. For six minutes, straight, the stares into her own sugar eyes, in the bathroom mirror, speaking to her reflection. She tops the products, manmaries about — I don't know — the benefits of snail masts. You would call the public. Or at least whoever is casting the new Art Actor movie.

There is something we're about being both the speaker and the watcher, performing one's own identity for oneself, rather than simply living it. When we take on the robot of actor, audience and critic all at once, it's going to cause some psychic strain.

Historically, we humans have had very little access to our own image, as much as we've always wanted it. The copper and bronze mirrors of ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome — cultures obtained with beauty — were luxury objects produced for the wealthy. During the Renaissance, commissioned oil portraits were for the aristocracy and were notoriously unreliable. Any fan of Tudor history has heard the tale of some of Christ-catilizing King Mary? Or when a portrait so inaccurate that he claimed he could not bring himself to one someone the marriage.

Mirrors were not common household objects until the mid-1890s, and then came still image of ourselves, moving images of ourselves and the smartphone camera that combines all three, while also making these images accessible anywhere, by anyone. For most of our ancestors and almost all of human history, we have been gazing into our own eyes, and we certainly weren't watching ourselves on a long on Instagram Stories, however, we have been a hacheterlike breach.

Let's be honest: I shouldn't know what I look like taking out the trash. But I do, because my Google Home security camera re-

comply alerted me that there was a "Person Item — Back Camera." "Period" is a generous term for what I saw, which was a ghostly figure, groovy hair pulled back, hunched over a bag of trash like an old witch.

We are recorded constantly: in public, by the government, by private companies trying to sell us things, even by strangers, I disabler when I think about all the incidental pictures of myself that live on strangers' phones. In any one personal horror film, there I am, eating a bagel, and some IT-year-old tourist roostie is an my promised fact, screwedown it, and wade it to the family group chat — "this woman's face is!" — and I become the inside joke that defines that New York City holiday for years to come.

It's curious, especially given how little we looked at ourselves in the past, and how rare and imperfect mirrors were for thousands of years, that traditional wisdom touches us to be wary of the act of regarding the sell. The Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity and Islam all warn against the dangers of mirrors, vaults, pride and excessive concern with the sell.

Mirrors are covered during shiva, the Jewish seven-day mourning period, both to encourage contemplation of the relationship be-

tween God and man and to discourage vanity and self-concern. The Book of Proverbs teaches that pride is spiritually debentures: "Pride goes before ruin, / Arhigance, before failure."

Many Christians believe pride is not only a sin, but the original sin, and the worst of them. It is demons. The complete anti-God state of mind," as C.S. Lewis wrote in "More Christianity". Pride is a turning away from God, and an confusion of oneself. The mirror is a symbol of pride and vanity, but it also symbolizes our incomplete, earthly knowledge. As the Apostle Paul wrote about God is his first letter to the Corinthians: "He now we are through a glum, darkly; but then face to face."

Islamic prophets' tradition (buddle) discourages the depiction of living beings in religious contexts. In Islamic mysticism, however, a smudged mirror is a metaphor for the human soul. It is only when the sign is unobligated, and the surface is polished clean, that the divine becomes visible. The Quran is also explicit about pride and social vanity: "On not sure your body is a people, nor walk probably upon the earth."

The message is clear: Self-observation is spiritually dangerous, and we need to keep

our guard up. In all these faiths, the mirror is a poet, incomplete way of acting, it is covered, dark and smudged. It does not reveal God, truth or even ourselves as we are. It is only through private contemplation, face-to-face encounters and an inner spiritual transformation that we come to know truth.

FUNLU' is were that easy. Like Narcissus, we are easily reduced by our own reflection, by our imagined, idealized selves. Every day, we are encouraged in this self-induction. But reducing oneself is frankly not how seduction should work.

Malacemian psychology, and nearly every feature of modern life, just is strong emphasis on the healthy ego. It's a comforting, whole-ahead kind of idea, an essential part of any balanced personality. We all know we can have too little self-ness, too little self-care. By all means, per yourself first, we the boundaries, also the maintaining face mask. The opposite message, that there is such a thing as too much will live or self-concern, is not widely circulated on TikTok. But obviously everything has its limits.

What happens when the limits are off? Bad things. I'm sorry to say. Frightful things. The reflected sell is rarely reassuring for long.

Show Trials Don't Help Us Learn the Truth

Rachael Bedard

A contributing Opinion writer, a geriatrician and a palliative care doctor.

SENATE hearings are always theatrical. Even still, Wednesday morning's Senate committee hearing is interorgan. Dr. Anthony Fauci on, among other things, the origins of Covid-19 was a shocking performance: Dr. Fauci barely spoke, while everyone else spent some three hours projecting their emotions sometime.

Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky, the committee chair, has cast himself as a contemporary Joe McCarthy intent on forming out the problem that men can't-engraved crimes against his country. The Covid lockdown "could never have been inflicted without you aiding and abetting the crime," he said to Dr. Fauci during his opening statement. "Are you have for years avoided responsibility?"

Just before leaving office, President Joe Biden took the remarkable step of providing Dr. Fauci with a blanket pardon covering all of his activities from 2014 to early 2025. This

pardon would not protect against new accusations of perjury if Dr. Fauci were found to have had during sworn testimony after Mr. Biden left office in 2025. On the advice of his lawyers, the 50-year-old Dr. Fauci made the extraordinary choice during Wednesday's hearing to plead the Fifth Amendment. As Republican senators pegged him with often hostile questions, he repeated over and over again that he respectfully declined to answer.

By doing so, Dr. Fauci became the speechless cipher to whom committee Republicans and Democrats argued their irreconcilable stories — about the pandemic, but also more broadly about science and public health in America. The effect was a sudden drama that offered zero insights to a public desperation for them.

Mr. Paul personally and directly accuses Dr. Fauci of: funding dangerous gain-of-function research in Wuhan, China, that may have resulted in a lab test, releasing SARS-CoV-2 into the world (which Dr. Fauci devises), promoting mitigation policies that infringed on civil liberties; profiting off his pandemic-era fame; and failing the truth about what he knew about the virus's ori-

In the face of the G.O.P.'s bad science, Fauci's best option in a Senate hearing was silence.

gian and when he knew it.

Dr. Fauci has faced congressional grilling numerous times, before both the House and the Senate. In the days before this event, Mr. Paul released more than 1,000 pages of Dr. Fauci's diary entries. (Dr. Fauci apparently wrote them on computeric associated with his government account: they were retrieved by Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and his staff, who provided them in Senator Paul.)

Excerpts from Dr. Fauci's private writings, including his reflections on his conversations with celebrities and his growing award collection, seem to affirm the right's portrayal of him as a self-regarding operator who was flattered rather than handled by the attention he received during a na-

tional crisis. But many of the entries being cited as evidence that Dr. Fauci lied to the public or deliberately withheld information are really reminders of how uncertain the context was for pandemic decision-making.

Some of the entries, in fact, give a useful glimpse into how decisions were backed out among experts with different perspectives and concerns, with Dr. Fauci when playing the role in outcome or reference than Dr. Jan. 26, 2020, he wrote that the virus may have originated in animals and jumped in humans; later, he dutifully noted conversations he was having with other scientists who were discussing alternative possibilities.

In an interview with The New York Times's David Wallace-Wells in 2021, Mr. Wallace-Wells pushed Dr. Fauci on the lab lead hypothesis and his role in funding research on Wuhan, Waco Mr. Wallace-Wells suggested more thorough responses that Dr. Fauci could've offered when questioned on the subject, he became irritated. "David, have you ever testified before a congressional committee?" he snapped.

Dr. Fauci seems to have concluded years ago that the more he says, the more his character and actions become subject to debate.

An ins. Be our an go (W. as for see the Dr. the to Tre par "N. the not an ing pa ge nu is" of

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NATION

Across cultures, mirrors have been used by nonbuyers, operators and witches for wrying, divination and attempts to peer beyond the visible world. In folklore and occult practice, the mirror is not merely reflective nor personable — a portal where something might appear, or someone may return.

Even the postmodernists have their own warnings. In 1967, Michel Foucault darkly described the mirror as a kind of threshold, a mix between a fantasy world, a umpia and some wood other place on the margins — which he called a “betermopia.” The mirror is one such strange place because we discover our presence and our absence at the same time. “I see myself there where I am not,” he wrote, “to an unreal, virtual space that opens up behind the surface.”

Some other heteromgins, according to Foucault, include the honeymoon trip, psychiatric hospitals, vacation villages, prisons, the cinema, museums, libraries, brodets and the cemetery. In these settings, the normal order of things breaks down and certain truths are exposed. Each of these places could serve as an apt metaphor for the screens, monitors and social media applications that relentlessly reflect us back to our-

Staring at our faces on screens nonstop is messing with our heads.

solves. This technology is a mirror, but it is also a museum, a theater, a prison.

Inhabiting this mirrored, dust realm, this doubled existence, doesn’t feel natural. It doesn’t even feel neutral. Something is off, and when something is off, Freud has probably attempted to explain it. He called this “the uncanny,” a concept that by its very nature resists a clean definition, though if you’ve seen a David Lynch movie, you’ve experienced it firsthand.

Castration complexes and womb fantasies aside, Freud does a pretty good job. The uncanny, according to his 1919 essay by

the same title, “is that class of the terrifying which leads back to something long known to us, once very familiar.” It is easy for something new or unknown to frighten us, but the feeling of uncanniness relies on its being known to us in some way.

The uncanny is a dark twist on the familiar. It emerges when the boundary between imagination and reality begins to blur, when hidden mechanisms seem to be at work beneath the surface and when something appears alive that should not be. (Or vice versa, in the case of influencers, who can have that dead, sharklike look in their eyes.) It is marked by repetition, by a sense of something lawful and inescapable. Freud noted that the uncanny is often and easily produced when a symbol begins to take on the full force of the thing it represents. It is difficult to imagine a more precise description of life online.

The psychological effects of prolonged self-crowing are uncanny, indeed. A 2010 study from the University of Urbana in Italy found that when healthy young adults gazed at their own faces in a mirror under low light, the results were immediate and disturbing. Participants reported seeing huge

deformations of their faces, an unknown person, even fantastical and monstrous beings. Some saw an animal face, such as that of a cat, pig or poo. Some saw their parents. All experienced a form of dissociation. Some subjects felt that the other face in the mirror was the one watching these.

Closely tied to mirrors and the uncanny is the idea of the double, or disparaginger, a theme long explored in literature and film, from Democracy’s novella “The Double” to Jordan Peck’s feature movie “US.” In German and Eastern European folklore, the disparaginger is an omen, a swerper, the shadow self, and a sign that identity is unstable. The self is split, haunted, entorched and radiant by its own likeness.

Today, we treat our own image — both in the mirror and online — as something psychologically protective: a way of stabilizing our identity, managing our reputation and securing a coherent sense of self.

But all of this suggests the opposite possibility. The more we try to stabilize ourselves through repetition, doubling, self-observation and — I’ll say it — posting to the grid, the more uncanny and fragile we become. A preoccupation with the stable self produces instability. These days, we don’t approach our doubles with caution; we invite them, and go so far as to curate them.

It’s like an inverted version of “The Picture of Dorian Gray.” In the novel by Oscar Wilde, Dorian keeps his beautiful public image, while his portrait bears his inner corruption and agitation. Under modern image culture, we attempt the reverse operation: We present a perfect digital double at the cost to our real selves, who are left to absorb the discomfort and tension between the two. If you post the good picture, it hardly matters that you feel sad inside.

The situation is worse than vanity, darker than narcissism. The mirrors all around us, especially the technological ones, divide us against ourselves — and this is destabilizing, even dangerous. As more and more of our lives take place in a virtual realm, and we increasingly identify with the fantasies of our digital disparagingers, we begin to dis-hematize ourselves, and when we do this, it is undoubtedly easier to dehumanize others.

One small way this happens every day: the general disappearance of manners. In New York City, I often encounter someone walking on the sidewalk toward me, head down in their phone, until they enter the presence of another thing coming upon them, which in this case is me, a human being. This unbearable game of chicken might have something to do with how we’ve been conditioned to view our another: as things, not people. We use other people as obstacles to what we want, on sidewalks and elsewhere. Or as things we can use to get on the things we want, So much of technology treats us as things to be manipulated, “users” to be used. We grow accustomed to this, interrealize it and return that treatment to those around us.

When we look at ourselves, we are seeking something. We want to be known, seen and understood. But we are looking in the wrong place. The mirror shows us our own self-critical and self-crafting gaze — the gaze of pride, pleasure and ego. This fantasy is powerful, even nonmerizing, but unreliable. When we look solely at ourselves, we fail to encounter anything that resists us; there are no contradictions, no interruptions. We need the honest gaze: the gaze of others and the gaze toward others. To see ourselves clearly, we don’t see mirrors. We see relationships.

Before I had a child, I was under the impression that I was a very patient person. I thought I would wipe scrambled egg off the floor without any frustration, read “Owl Barker.” So the unspesued! How without growing exhaustion to flared, Percy, Bill and one unnamed Owl Mother. But my beautiful son has exposed my inadequacies with alarming clarity. (I’m working on it.) In our loving relationship with others, we are drawn out of ourselves and into the world.

Mirrors encourage us to choose the fantasies of ourselves over the realities of others. It’s best we look away.

And so, on Wednesday, he took abuse — and some prison — and stared silent. Another Republican senator, Josh Hawley of Missouri, is a particularly aggressive performance, accused him of wanting “to be the sun god of science.” Senator Bernie Morion, an Ohio Republican, demanded to know, using an enpletive, who Dr. Faust thought he was for doing what he did.

Democratic senators, including Gary Peters from Michigan and Richard Blumenthal from Connecticut, remembered with Dr. Faust over his ordeal, and used much of their time to argue that the contention ought to be discussing all of the ways President Trump and Secretary Kennedy have raised public health.

Only Senator Andy Kim, a Democrat from New Jersey, said anything insightful — and that was about what the hearing represented about the state of politics in America, and the implications for trust and a functioning democracy: “Right now, I feel the hyper-partisanalizing-growing in this country in dangerous ways.” Mr. Kim said: “People calling our public servants criminals,” he lamented, is “undermining the very nature of the work of governance.”

© 2006 John McClelland, Inc.

He’s right, of course; show trials are bad for democracy and do nothing to get us closer to either truth or consensus. Hanging over every conversation about what happened during the pandemic of the recent past is anxiety about what might happen should we face a pandemic in the near future. In projecting all of a difficult etch conflicts onto Dr. Faust, Republicans evade the harder work of figuring out what we actually should learn from his, and our, mistakes.

Dr. Faust is a complicated man who has been both elevated and reduced to a symbol. His legacy after a decades-long career at the intersection of science and politics is now defined by incompatible, construed accounts of his pandemic-era impact. Their little hope of resolving that cannot any time soon.

Theater, at its most powerful, refracts truth through fiction on his force can be viscerally felt. This hearing was a performance that only entrenched the mistrust that increasingly defines Americans’ relationship to their institutions. Dr. Faust, the ultimate institutionalist, has become that mistrust’s enduring target.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

OPINION

COLUMNIST | NICHOLAS KRISTOF

Life Was Impossible, and Then Not Got Worse

ON JANUARY 17

After a 1,000-mile road trip across a south of America, I can't get one person out of my mind: Trinity Goodman, a cheerful, thirty-woman in Oklahoma City who had a bondage on her arm.

The reason for the bondage? Goodman, 44, survives by selling blood plasma twice a week. She had $3.78 in her checking account, one sent in her savings account to keep it open, and six persons in her piggy bank.

"That's my full assets," she said, smiling in mockery of her own poverty.

"Bunny making it," she added. "It's really hard and it's miserable."

She dwells in an America that many of us have a few of some imagining. For five years she stared off homelessness only by staring in the home of a man who was not a romantic partner but who took advantage of her vulnerability she said, by regularly demanding sex, it heresy head muprofit. Hope Community Services, helped her get low-income housing for 2014 month, she said; otherwise she would still have to choose between unwanted sex and homelessness.

Food stamps, $200 a month, sustain her, but they can't be used for safer paper or feminine hygiene products. So she searches for them at church-run pantries — Motions in much of America.

Histories are likewise unaffordable. "I've never been to a bother or any of those places," she said. "Never, I don't have that luxury."

Many rectors of America — and many Americans — are thriving, but my sense is that many of us are blind to how many people have been left for behind. So far behind that they scarcely inhabit the same country as the rest of us. And this past across America is now magnified by President Trump's cars in food stamps. Medicaid, mental health funding for children, pregnancy prevention initiatives and other social programs, as well as by rising gas and food prices. Republicans are also imposing tougher work requirements for benefits; this is reasonable in theory, but in practice such requirements have proved costly to administer and end up mostly just

driving people deeper into poverty.

On this trip, I submit to so many people who are losing food stamps and other benefits and increasingly desperate — and stressful, understandably, of eless who seem indifferent to their struggles, a recent Washington Post. Spots poll found that two-thirds of Americans consider groceries unaffordable.

Goodman is among those feeling the squeeze, and there appears to be some risk that she will lose her food stamps — and in that case she doesn't know how she would get by.

I'm on my annual "who is my journey," which I started 20 years ago to take a university student on a reporting trip to cover an elected house. Usually we travel abroad, often in Africa, but this time we captured poverty, addiction and mental trafficking in California, Arkansas and Kentucky.

My student winner this year is Brandeis Tipintaras, who grew up in a working-class

neighborhood in Lima, Peru, and just graduated from Yale University. One thing we care repeatedly on this road trip is that poverty in America is not just about a task of money, but is often multiprocrational and self-replicating.

Goodman, for example, says she grew up steeped in trauma, as a toxic family that often showed drugs. She tells us that she was raped and actually was not beginning at the age of 6 or 7. She was 5 when her mother killed herself; afterwards, Goodman was raised by other family members, she said. All the trauma left a much. She says she was clinically diagnosed with epilepsy and treatment stress disorder that has left her unable to work. She has applied for disability benefits, and says she was denied, but is now appealing.

I asked Goodman to encourage she would have for Trump a lot extra and work requirement she ordered right across the land.

"You do not know what you're doing to pen-

ple who are struggling to live," she said. "You get money in the bank. You don't know how it feels to struggle. Live in my shoes for one day. You wouldn't be able to handle it."

In Pine Bluff, Ark., a nearby Black city that is struggling economically, ranked by crime and losing population, I visited the home of Lanza Foster, II, a single mother with six children who has lost food stamps and as a result is behind in rent.

Foster works as a shift manager at Taco Bell, earning $10.45 an hour. She relied on $1,272 in food stamps per month — but they were abruptly cut off in 1962, apparently because of suspicions that two of her children were collecting improper benefits in other states. She desires that and says there was some kind of mistake in the system.

Nationwide, since I'd millions children have lost food stamps — and I have had no children ever the last year, according to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. It seems, and expertly reporting by my Times colleague Jason DePock underwriters, that pressure on states as an issue and on the problem they lead to wrongful domain of benefits. In addition, some three million Americans have lost (the) macarex health insurance since the beginning of the year, after Republicans cut subsidies to help pay for insurance.

Without food stamps, Foster now is behind in her rent — $650 a month for a three-bedroom home in a crime-children neighborhood — and accumulating a $25-a-day loss for an top of the rent owed.

"I hit rock bottom daily," she told me. "The more I work, the harder stuff gets."

And then she broke down and wept. The push to cut benefits for struggling Americans is partly ruined in a desire to trim federal spending, but that's hard to square with the expense of the free run, as well as subsidies for private places and tax can be the wealthiest. It's also based on a perception that the "stubber-ring gear" are exploiting the system, but I think we exaggerate the degree to which it is the poor rather than the rich who get away with transportation. At 2-3-2016, according to ProPublica, the place in America with the highest percentage of tax audits was set a haven of billionaires but rather Humphreys County, Miss., with a majority Black population and more household income then of roughly $18,000.

In any case, the age group most likely to live in poverty — by far — is children, particularly children 2 years old and under, and they can't be accused of the problem that several irresponsibility. Yes, many end up making bad choices, but we fail them before they fail us.

Trump initially proposed eliminating Head Start, the federal program with bipartisan support that serves those vulnerable children in poverty. He later banked off that date, but congressional investigators found that his administration illegally withheld $32 billion from the program for several months, causing great hardship.

But while it's easy to focus on Trump and Republicans cutting Medicaid, food stamps and other benefits, it's not just the Trump administration that moves to have a stamps about Americans falling behind.

Demezists talk a good game about housing beings (human right, but the three states with the highest rates of unadultered homelessness right now are blue ones: California, Oregon and Hawaii. Liberals rightly protect Trump's plans to abolish the Department of Education, but it is a handful of red states — especially Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi — that have cheers amounting progress and now may represent the best hope for American education.

A Black fourth grader in Mississippi is now two and a half times as likely to non-proficient in reading as a Black fourth grader in California. Demezists have every right to call out Trump, but they should also look in the mirror at their own failures to help those left behind.

PHOTOGRAPHER CHARLES PETTIGLIAT FOR THE "NEW YORK TIMES"

There Is a Way Out of Our Ultraprocessed Dystopia

Julia Belhu

A contributing Sponsor writer and an author of the book 'Food Intelligence.'

WHEN Bryce Martinez started feeling an aching around his heart, he thought it might be an asthma attack. But at the school nursery office, his blood pressure was found to be so high that he was rushed to the emergency room. There, doctors diagnosed him with a heart attack and later fever disease.

Bryce, then, eh, was bewildered. He had developed allergic early in childhood but, until that chest pain, had no other sign anything was wrong with his health. He hadn't even realized that kids could get Type 2 diabetes.

Back home, he searched online for information about the illnesses, devouring news articles and videos. He learned that Americans children live in dysfunctional food environments, where the least healthy opinion need to be the most affordable and accessible. But as parents took on more working hours, there was less time for cooking than in previous generations. That food companies filled the gap with convenient, straightforward food containing industrially manipulated food. But they do wouldn't really home cooking. That these foods are often full of salt, sugar, fat and additives.

Bryce was shocked that regulators didn't see all food additives for health and safety, but they didn't see the food additives for health on nutrient-food/organ just.

And, Bryce realized, was a lot of the food he grew up on in Pennsylvania. Even the

food that didn't seem too bad. A bowl of cereal on the way out the door — marketed to kids, and sometimes advertising their and nutrients, but also high in sugar. At school, the lunches featured pizza, butgers and nuts, and cheese. Bryce's parents tried to cook nutritious meals whenever they could, but they both had full-time jobs.

When he arrived home before his parents got off work, he'd pull a cup or less from the cupboard or freezer to heat in the microwave — American and cheese or a ready-to-food meal. Juice practice washed the meals down, home of the food he smoked on — days, no cereals — appeared to be designed so that he couldn't stop eating. He used to blame himself for that.

By age 15 he started to understand that the responsibility didn't lie with him alone. Mr. Martinez used 11 major food manufacturers — including Kraft Heinz, Coca-Cola, PepsiCo and Nestle USA — controlling that the consumption of their products brought on his Type 2 diabetes and later liver disease in childhood. The lawsuit, filed at the end of 2024, was the first personal injury case on hand to ultraprocessed foods.

Since then, I've tracked more than half-dozen other personal injury lawsuits filed against major food manufacturers, all arguing that ultraprocessed foods engineered to drive addiction and marketed to children caused chronic diseases in someone under the age of 18. I've followed these cases because I've become increasingly convinced that litigation may be our only path to a healthy food environment.

Polling shows that across the political

spectrum, a majority of Americans now believe ultraprocessed foods can be addictive, that companies deliberately try to break children and that regulation is needed. Policies that seemed prohibitive have to the era of the 'Big Judg' ban in New York under Mayor Michael Bloomberg now appear less so.

Ashley Goutman, a food addiction expert at the University of Michigan, says the coming economy in the world of food and beyond. "As a parent, I feel like there's corporate volume that are just circling my head to the right to children's benefits, so they can sweep in and make my child a lifelong incident to their damaging product," she said.

In the background, nutrition science has measured. Researchers have announced how processed foods can be better built-in against fat variety and nutrition and increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes and obesity, among other chronic diseases.

But this doesn't mean Americans will see that regulation anytime soon. While the Trump administration, and particularly the 16 USA Robert F. Kennedy, it's very bad that a lot to say about ultraprocessed food, all that talk hasn't generated substantial new effects on the health problem. One dogges "It's been 18, 10 years now that people have been talking about the risks nature of the food environment, how the food industry is contributing to that, and public policy things that should be done, and almost nothing has happened," said Kelly Bosworth, a public health researcher at Duke University.

I know this impasse intimately. I've written about chronic disease and food for over a decade. When people ask how we can fix the

food system, I usually answer with some version of demand stamps at every level you can — school, and those city, county. But, if I'm honest, the fight has arisen for hopeless when I think of the lobbying power of the $10 trillion global fund and beverage industry.

was only in delving into the history of public health litigation that I intended to feel some optimism. Again and again, hands of clever lawyers interested in public health and social justice fought for prevention that policymakers had to do to deliver the right the harms of a product were established. Litigation forced substantive capital regulation. It helped curtail the use of health/pains and asbestos, and made driving safer. But the most thoroughly developed one of litigation for public health involves the cigarette.

FOR most of the 20th century, the public was inundated with tobacco marketing and accounted for 20 percent of the total. This seem absurd today. Magazine advertisements featured doctors' focused brands of cigarettes. The "cool dude" Joe Camel cartoon popped up on billboards and in magazines to entice children. Smoke filled hospitals and airplanes.

Working in the 1970s, individual plaintiffs stopped forward to use tobacco companies. There was the factory worker who smoked two packs a day and even the first, hung to cancer. There was the widow who used for a weight death and died of five thousand husband, a dedicated smoker since age 8. The industry created such lawsuits off through the 1960s. But even though the

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OPINION

When the problems are structural, we tend to ignore them. Pula-Aho, Calif., is full of well-meaning liberals — four-fifths of voters supported Kansas Harris over Donald Trump in 2024 — and it makes its outstanding public schools available to children of all colors and classes ... as long as their families can afford an average home price of $3.8 million.

It's understandable that many working-class Americans feel betrayed. As I see in politicians of all parties have been far too conspicuous about Americans being left behind, even as 1.3 million Americans have died of overdoses since 2000. That's roughly the number of American service members who have died from all the wars in American history.

One reason for the complacency is that the problems, at least in their complexity, are often invisible. Americans may see a homeless person shouting drugs, but they won't see the arc of hopelessness that began with, say, foster care — which at its worst is a government system of child abuse.

Courtesy Williams, 35, endured that broken foster care system. I met her in Oklahoma City, where she is caring for a new baby and hoping for $200 a month in food stamps won't be taken away.

We taxpayers paid for Williams to be in caravanser — three times — but we never provided for the protection and opportunities she needed, especially when she was young and soon needed help. And when we don't invest in the front end, we end up paying at the back end.

Some of Williams's services represents us: if men sexually assaulting her, perhaps when she was 2 or 4. Her mother was a prostitute with addictions, she said, and as age 6 she saw her younger sister killed and was then put in foster care.

From there she beamed around home homes in seven states, carrying her life besieging with her in a trash bag. When she was 15, one foster home put paffacies on the refrigerator, freezer and food cabinets, keeping her and other foster children hungry, she said.

Williams first tried teeth at age 13 and at 14 became pregnant by a man in his late 20s who, she later found out, was a restricted sex offender. She put the baby up for adoption and dropped out of school in 16th grade.

Not every foster family was abusive or hosting her for the money, she said: she couldn't do her own work. She had been married to adopt her. But Williams, by non-steady suspicion of human kindness and full of self-doubt, asked her a different placement.

When Williams was 17, her foster mother stopped getting checks for her — they sat sure why, but perhaps some deals in the system — and kicked her out. After that, Williams spent a decade largely homeless, wrestling with drugs, washing up in Dunkirk Denoix remonants and periodically getting locked up. Finally a new boyfriend, new husband, who didn't use drugs, helped her re坠进 her life, and she says she hasn't used drugs since last September, when she discovered that she was pregnant.

Conservatives often emphasize the importance of "personal responsibility," and they have a point. Self-destructive behaviors are real. Scholars have said that of millennials who follow the "success sequence" (think high school, get a full-time job and have children only after marriage), 97 percent avoid poverty by their late 20s.

Yet if we want to talk about lack of person, of responsibility, we also have to have a conversation about our collective task of responsibility, about the way we treat some kids as the secretary — or the way we're now taking food stamps from 1.5 million children.

In Pine Bluff, I spoke to several elderly adult residents who said that in some ways, life was actually better in the Jim Crow era, Black people can vote now, of course, and some have thrived.

But those centers lamented that the quality of life for the Black population had not progressed as they had imagined. Costs have soared, crime is a threat, obesity is common and ailments like diabetes and hypertension are widespread, taking a toll on well-being. Life expectancy in the county is

shorter than in Iran or Bangladesh. Schools are still de facto segregated and lagging; the Pine Bluff school district gets an F from the state.

"Civil rights were probably better back then," grumbled Barbara Ohlson, 76, I don't know that she was really arguing that there had been no progress at all, but she's right that Black children in places like Pine Bluff still struggle to find opportunity in 2020.

"You had enough back then to make it," she told me. "And right now it's terrible."

One of the few institutions that did not utterly fail places like Pine Bluff was the U.S.

military. It offered a park opened and outward, along with skills training, discipline and respect. But some people have not Pete Hegardt, the secretary of defense, rooting Black senior officers and no longer perceive the armed forces as a path of opportunity for people of color.

"The military is not," said Glynne Johnson, a current Army veteran who pointed to Hegardt's impact on the military's reputation. "No, we're not going there."

One of the people I most wanted to see on this trip was Emanuel Lamer, whom I met a decade ago in Pine Bluff when he was a

Millions of Americans struggle today in sometimes unimaginable ways.

sweet, smart 13-year-old boy — at risk of joining a gang. You missed that he could go either way. Maybe he would thrive and go to college, or maybe he would succumb to the gravity at the crime-ridden warping. But Emanuel's bedroom was a portrait of dysfunctional America. It had three television, but electricity was supposed to be cut off the day I arrived for nonpayment.

What had become it Lamer? It started out that he never finished high school, had energies with the law and is now it call, awaiting trial this month on federal gun charges for preserving a bandgun that had been converted into an automatic weapon. And when the jail weren't permitted, but I spoke to him by phone. I asked him what had gone wrong, and he said, "I hang out with the wrong crowd."

Lamer told me that he had two boys, ages 4 and 6, with a former girlfriend, so I located them and their mother, Andrew Holmes. She and her sons had been evicted and were homeless, coach surfing temporarily in a cousin's crowded apartment and trying desperately to find a place to live.

Holman works in the kitchen of a nursing home, but her car isn't working, so commuting is a daily crisis. She's trying to get food stamps, but they haven't materialized.

She said that she loved Lamer, her high school sweetheart, but that they had quarreled because he was an irresponsible parent. "He got mad because I had to ask him for money for his kids," she said, adding that she simply wanted him to pay for little things like the boy I learned.

"He knows he a fact that I'm going to be on his toll like I'm his moms," she added. "Who else is going to do it? You got kids," I tell him, "and I didn't have them by myself."

Lamer's sons are beautiful children tell of potential, but they are now growing up without a dad, just as Lamer himself did. Visiting the crowded home, I kept thinking back in Emanuel a decade ago as an equally sweet child, about the obstacle course of the that Black boys face in Pine Bluff, and I wondered if the children were on a trajectory to replicate the path.

Opposite page, top, Courtesy Williams, with her baby. Squire she will not lose her $200 a month in food stamps; a homeless man who gave his name only as Mike at an exit camp off 1-04 in Oklahoma City. At 6th, Trinity Goodman, who sells plasma in gas by, is her apartment in Oklahoma City. Below, Azcuam Nishuan with two of her children at the apartment complex where her cousin lives.

One teenager sued Big Food. His lawsuit could create a healthier future for us all.

plaintiffs overwhelmingly lost, as the home-tax (Alan Brandt-Broderick) "The Cigarette Century," the cases unweathered and let to be get discovery that something dashing industry documents.

Tobacco companies, which were finely suing because seven to drive addiction and targeting "pre-smokers" (also known as children), held records showing that their products caused cancer, while their executives publicly claimed otherwise. The documents that came to light in discovery was only laid bare the industry's deceit and by-piercing but also gave the lie to the claim that smoking was a matter of personal responsibility. Most significantly, they spurred mass tort litigation and left governments with no

choice but to act.

In the 1980s, state attorneys general started to sue the tobacco companies for a public health crisis that taxpayers were largely left paying for. The resulting global settlement restricted tobacco marketing and mandated that companies pay states billions in damages. Legislators finally had the political ammunition to meaningfully restrict smoking. They retired to access to tobacco products and increased cigarette taxes. Adult smoking rates plummeted, from 42 percent in 1965 to 9 percent in 2025.

BRUCE MARTINEZ's complaint was dismissed in Federal District Court but your because the judge, though "deeply concerned" about the effects of ultrapreserved foods on children, ultimately agreed with the defendants' claim that there wasn't enough evidence to prove specific products caused Mr. Martinez's ill-choses. (The defendants, to their joint motion to dismiss the case, also argued that their products are safe, federally regulated and legally compliant.)

In June, the judge denied Mr. Martinez's motion to amend the case with additional detail. His lawyers at the Erie Morgan & Morgan say they plan to appeal the discretion and will continue to file similar lawsuits across the country. Meanwhile, the other cases are still moving forward. None of it will be easy.

Dr. Brandt, the historian, recently told me to expect more debates. With tobacco, there were hundreds of issues, and these cases were simpler because they required proving

only that a single product made someone sick. Yet Dr. Brandt is optimistic about litigation against the food industry. Americans are "becoming more appropriately doesn't (d) that tobacco is not protected (and in the public's interest," he said, the believes that we're entering the tobacco trials era with Big Food.

The legal and public health experts I spoke to see the state promise to cities and states' taking action. In December, San Francisco's city attorney announced a first-of-its-kind lawsuit on behalf of the people of California against the same 11 food companies Mr. Martinez sued. That complaint contends that the companies warranted a public health crisis affecting a large segment of the population and stressing health budget. (The cost of diabetes alone in California has been estimated at $47 billion.) I believe other jurisdictions, also facing soaring costs, should follow with their own lawsuits.

Even if these cases gain steam, and some are won, Big Food went for going anywhere. But litigation like Mr. Martinez's small open lawmakers to force companies to act in the public's interest, as Dr. Brandt put it, enhancing individual rights to other than smoking it. This might mean taxes, warning labels and reformulation requirements to reduce unhealthy food consumption, and — crucially — subsidies and improved access to healthy choices.

If jurisdictions one, we might even learn a few things in legal discovery. What do food manufacturers know about children's brains, and how to notice them? What do they know about how to include just enough

sugar, or the perfect amount of crankiness, so people can't stop eating?

In it happens, we already know how our pieces from the tobacco documents. Philip Morris purchased Kraft in 1993, and a little earlier, R.J. Reynolds acquired major food brands and merged with Nabisco. The tobacco documents show that cigarette companies applied their knowledge about flavor optimization, youth marketing and brain chemistry to ultrapreserved foods in order to increase profits.

Unlike the early tobacco plaintiffs, Mr. Martinez get sick as a child. He did so in a home where he didn't buy the groceries, in a food system he didn't design. When he left the hospital after the chest pain, he returned to school and was confronted by a new study. Injecting insults felt awkward, he says, "The caused people to ask him questions he didn't always want to answer.

Today he's managing his illnesses with a child's insistence, but at age 20, he's worried about the future. Will he get a job with health insurance that covers his medical bills? When I asked him what he wished he'd known about food which he was a kid, he said, "Convenience ultimately comes at a cost."

What may still put too much on the consumer. To play on a question that the former Food and Drug Administration committed to fraud because cannot having the tobacco crisis. Whose choice is driving the demand for ultrapreserved foods in America? Is it a choice by consumers to continue eating them? Or by food companies to maintain the public's dependency on them?

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

OPINION

Are You A Jerk or A Sucker?

Robin Gishan

A Unique Prize-winning fashion critic and a former senior critic at large for The Washington Post.

THERE isn't much love, and there's definitely little sympathy, for rich people right now – a fact that is entirely rich people's fault. You may be fretting over your health insurance premiums going up. They are optimizing their faces with $100,000 worth of not-treating reveals and buying their way out of the indignation of flying commercials.

Like many other people, I untrustworthy disdain the billionaire's wife's values a wrecking ball to say cultural and political institutions while giving up on the 'giving pledge'. And just the mention of spirit luxury now makes me want to worsen that there's nothing low-ley about $1,050 shiles from The Row that are beautiful, just plentiful down. Before smoke, he perhaps that's why people have been confined almost the show "Your Friends & Neighbors". It's about rich people, and it brilliantly acted with nuance and dark biliarity, but it arguably doesn't hit the I-percenters viciously enough for the times.

When the Apple TV series debuted in 2025, Disney voters gave it a single nomination, but to theme music. It did not win. Online conservatism continues to debute why this exploration of an American class distinguished by landscaped estates, giving any less and familiar who put the price various in for League institutions is so snapped. No small amount of that disdain is directed at the women who populize the show's fictional town of Westmeek Village – a result-up of spearless consumer towns in Westchester County with a hint of Greenwich, Conn. – where everyone seems to be striving, competing, winning any yet still feeling like a loser.

This year, Disney voters did better. While they failed to be virtually a downswing any in the series, writers or directors, they gave "Your Friends & Neighbors" a nomination for best dreams – which it should win. For all its aspirational stakeholders, it's really a humane homely for the nation's top-building universality of trying just to be seen.

"Your Friends & Neighbors" revolves around Andrew Cooper, known as Coop, who is played with about forward confidence by our friends – a discontented middle version of the effortlessly seductive Dan Draper, is conventionally handsome and has a body made for a business unit: a pick foundation with a soft outer layer formed by cocktail-soaked suburban.

Coop worked in Dodge funds, where clients trained him to make their money make more money, until a one-night stand with a junior employee deemed that career. His wealth lacks the passion of the nation's figs; the revaluation of the Industrial Revolution and the tech he's littlee binarism. Coop didn't invest

anything or improve anything. He's just well paid, and he lives among other very well-paid people who spend their money in a competition to accumulate things. It's expensive being rich; you have to keep up.

When Coop lives his job, he begins rubbing these same friends and neighbors of watches, artwork and baseball cards and buying the box.

For a time, Coop enjoys being a chef – the relative ease of it, the payoff, but also the sense that he is enacting a degree of revenge on the smug community he both loafers and admires. Coop is like no many of us, no matter our income. We're confidently for the financial success of others. We always think we'd be better at being rich – more empathetic and philanthropic, better dressed and better balanced – than the people who actually are. You think you wouldn't be just a call you can also bring the only decent case in a room full of rich pylon makes you feel like a sucker.

"Your Friends & Neighbors" makes you wonder. Does anything actually turn outside financial success? Can you be that safe and also be a good person? Are the only people putting faith in the American capitalist dream just creeps and changes? That's not the most uplifting story line, but it's a timely one. After all, we're living in the self-dealing era of the Epstein class, when the president of the United States made $12.5 billion last year, usually through crypto school.

During one of Coop's earliest capers, he slips into a neighbor's house and slides open a drawer containing a collection of watches, each of which his late human wrist with about as much grace as a master strapped to a ring. In a voice-over, Coop offers a detailed description of the watch. "The Frank Philippe Nautilus soared 20-karat white-gold blue numbered disk, water-resistant up to 20 meters." He states these technical details at his flat base, without any hint of the romance a statesman might inject to convince a customer that he deserves a high-performance watch to wear to his kid's soccer game. All anyone really needs to know is that the Nautilus would be more than $70,000. It's valuable because it's expensive and the right people know just how expensive. Coop may be stealing glory objects to maintain his socioeconomic standing, but he's also leveraging the capacity, interest and insecurity of his neighbors to manage his own opinion of that toxic manner.

That monster is in all of us. We don't turn into our longlens, but plenty of us scour sample sales, vintage shops and discount lists looking for certain brand-name customers to heighten the character we feel compelled to play in our own lives. We're all aspiring to a vision of the American shift, one that gets ranchised just out of reach with each step closer.

Do you ever really arrive? I also haun necessities are taken care of, but there are other worries. You're helping that you've accurately defined happiness. You're hoping to be seen, to be acknowledged, to matter beyond the dollar signs associated with your trade.

Coop's ex-wife, Mid (played by Amanda Poet), spends much of finance if wrestling with perimenopause. She is also in a fight with her neighbor, whose bag keeps peeping on her knee, the drunken evening, she plots to push over a construction worker's port-supply as it splits onto her neighbor's back, turning it into a sloppy, blue swamp.

I asked these people 20 million times to see your dog. "Why does you know you're yard? They ignored me time and again," she explains to Coop in a mix of anger and de-

Your Friends & Neighbors' makes you wonder: Can you be really rich and also be a good person?

spun: "They never took me seriously. They made me feel like I was nothing."

Rarely here I seen such righteous, existential rage expressed with such valuable vulnerability. Packed into her shorts of emotions are big questions, petty ones and simple observations – all of them round in the need to matter. Would Coop have been ignored by the neighbors if he'd made a similar request in his shop, white-man bar/men? Would one of the 120-something models walking around like nonviolent? A flat-tray may/hear? (nass-warming to as invisible? And why wouldn't her neighbors hold up their risk of the social contract?)

"Your Friends & Neighbors" which has been removed for a third season, doesn't ask us to feel sorry for the rich, nor does it throw gasoline on the roaring fire of barrels for them, and it's certainly no free-range anticipation among like "I Love Boomers." So, create, establish, temper, told The Times: "We are skewering a value system, but at the same time, we're making the show aspirational. We're still showing you the cars and the houses and the watches." It spends a good deal of time remaining viewers that money isn't a promise of happiness. (But the series does at knowledge the sad truth that outrageous is a bit easier to manage with financial privilege.)

Americans reflexively run toward states. Long after we've made enough to be comfortable, we keep running in search of respect, a

reality made plain in a Season 2 episode devoted to the death of Coop's father. After the funeral, Coop finds a pair of Cartier cuff links, still in their original box, that he'd given to his dad.

"Only a bad would give Cartier cuff links to a man who regularly dropped the Brooke Brothers sale rack," Coop says in voice-over. "I doubt Ben Cooper even had a shirt that took cuff links. But it was his birthday and I wanted to give him something nice. So I went with a pair of $4,000 dropped cuff links that he appeared to never took out of the box."

"Like all gifts, this one said more about the givee than the recipient," Coop says. "And I didn't love what it said about me."

The first time we've made Coop's widest, yet "saw," presents I gave my father. After he passed away, I went through his belongings and found a Thomas Pink shirt 10 gives him that he'd never worn. It was folded nearly in one of his dresser drawers. The cuff links I'll purchased was with it worn there, too, tacked into the French cuffs. I suppose he liked the shirt. I know he kept it because it came from me.

"Your Friends & Neighbors" asks: In the pursuit of the American dream, how do you avoid being a jerk or a sucker? We're so busy trying to make sure that who we are and what we've accomplished doesn't disappear from view. If we're really lucky, we have people in our lives who are so clearly, not because of our successes, but despite them.

Resist the Siren Cab of Shorts in the Office

David Coggins

The author of "Man and Style" and the newsletter The University

THE long, hot summer can drive men to arrange places. The sailing weather tests our collective powers of reason, like air conditioners taking the power grid. The same idea, we've held mostly Oscar Wilde. George Plimpton or your grandfather, is for men to wear shorts into the office. Yes, dress cades are forested upon by the casual generations, but do you really want to see your heart's kisses?

Summer in the city is immune. You wake on a Monday morning and once a shideliical beat insists that's just going to get worse. You may be consumed by feelings of probs-

sional insubordination when your presence is required in the office, especially if your boss is calling in front his country house. An email you sent to a European colleague because back to say she's no vacation for another four weeks.

Your soft looks singularly uninviting. Maybe you gave up the suit years ago, but even your drink "business casual" upturns jams and tins. Instead of a grinding cornmuts, you want freedom, air circulation and thermal relief. You want, in the words, to wear shorts in the office.

Of course you do. Shorts are leisure, shorts are money, shorts are pleasure. Shorts are not on deadline, making work trades or writing quarterly reports.

But the man who wears shorts in the office is telling everybody that he wants to be

somewhere else. The fact that he really does want to be somewhere else does not excuse him. I know this is a time of persigned need, but please reconsider.

You know who wears shorts to work? World Cup referees. Their job is very different from years. They sprue alongside elite athletes only to leave their faulty decisions overruled by video officials conducted during, fully be-trousted, in a climate-controlled studio. You know who doesn't wear shorts to work? Anybody is a position of authority. That's why a audio duo supposedly called James Cunarditis and complement his string in "The Suprause" but offered one bit of advice: Does don't wear shorts. Souls?

Now, for these entire souls not involved in implementing – mock meeting stenchers, Slack posters, anybody gazing at Excel – please keep your legs covered with trousers, chines, khaki, chicks, calf shoes what you like. But a man in shorts does not run a meeting. He a motion or inspire confidence. Shorts belong on those policemen in Bermuda or camp counselors in a Wm Anderson line.

Did Don Draper, exemplar of midcentury Malbore's chic, wear shorts to the office? Of course not. Did Gordon Golden, corporate raider and breakfast abstainer, wear shorts to meetings with companies he was about to liquidate? No, he disliked his hair back, snapped his suspenders into position and finished on insider information. What about a leader office division, Jack Lemmen is "The Apartment"? Brooke Brothers-style suit, shirt and tie and a smile for Shirley Mail, also.

The office has changed since then. You don't drink whiskey or birthing Cooper, you hydrate from your feet as if you're looking for a marathite. You don't have lunch at 21, you order a salad on an egg. Yes, it will more casual uses. We're on them. We work remotely. When I show up they should be happy with whatever I'm wearing. Well, part of office life is coming to terms with a certain amount of conformity, as unhappy as this sounds. No, it's not fast, but you already know the.

Is the a superficial, old way of thinking? You think that clothes are simple self-expression and this is all arbitrary? Then ask yourself if you'd hire a lawyer who wears

It might be hot outside, but men must not give in to showing the knee.

spandex shorts in the courtroom. An accountant or agent who showed up to a meeting looking as if he stopped straight from a paid station. I'feeling still late the power to convey expertise and to reassure. That's why galore wear uniforms, and you'd be turning right around on the jet bridge if you looked into the cockpit and spotted madrus, have legs and flip blue.

But wait, you say, these are nice shorts, of almost three made by a company that shot in a distance. In those, well, that's great – sure them for when you're wearing expandibles, moving a finger and having lunch at them to the afternoon far from the imperatives of capitalist enterprise. But today you're in the city, getting work done and possibly loathing our lives. At least we're wearing trousers.

This issue has crossed into Japan, land of salarymen and corporate conformity, where the "Cool Biz" initiative aims to causation the office and save money on air conditioning. Men are now allowed to show the knee. As expected, this has not gone smoothly. The Japanese news media describes women being someone with a feeling of "nane-haze" – or "big bad hat-summer" – at the sight of their male-to-western's verdant lower limbs.

What we wear can diminish our standing, which is why it's embarrassing when older men who should know better try to dress like running legs; it doesn't make them look younger – it makes them look desperate. If you're Pezzan knocking off masterpieces in the hand of France getting ready for your retrospective, then by all means, wear shorts. You can even lose the skin; like old Polka, as if a part of your unflinching air, the think again'd you have a pitch meeting.

You may point to a failure. Valley men child who proudly wears a T-shirt and ill-fitting jeans and once a Plug-Pung table as a dog. These men clothes work for him. Why can't they work for me, you ask? Well, if you run a company and not known by one name, then you can wear shorts to your office. But remember, when these kings of the algorithm have to mostly before Congress, they still show up and deny wrongdoing wearing a coat and tie.

Yes, clothes still matter. That's an old-fashioned bargain, but then again, so are trousers.

CONDITION OF BEE

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

38 11

OPINION

EDITORIAL

HOW TO PROTECT AMERICA'S LEAD IN THE A.I. RACE

The Editorial Board

A group of opinion journalists whose views are informed by expertise, research, debate and certain longstanding values. It is separate from the newsroom.

ANERICANS often hear about China's having surpassed the United States in the manufacturing of emerging technologies, including clean energy, electric vehicles and drones. Semiconductors are an important exception. In partnership with its allies in Europe and Asia, American men and men try far the best computer chips in the world.

Those chips are crucial to America's economy and national security. They have enabled the development of the world's leading technology companies and allowed the military to create advanced weapons. With artificial intelligence, these chips have become even more important. They are the engines that power finance A.I. models.

China is working hard to catch up, and the United States should take steps to keep its advantage. Most important, it should continue to prohibit American companies from selling the most advanced chips and equipment to China. Over the past decade, president of both parties have worked with Congress to enact export controls. Those controls have been "customately important." Data's dreads, the chief executive of Anthropic, the U.S. and U.S. Fair said.

In his recent term, however, President Trump has gone the opposite direction, the has relaxed controls on some advanced semiconductors and suggested he may go further. Nvidia, an American company that makes the most advanced chips, has lobbied for the ability to sell more to China and is likely to continue pushing. Yet this is a classic case in which a company's interest runs counter to the national interest.

THE new A.I. model Mythos, from Anthropic, is a clear example of why it is so important for the United States to remain in the lead in the artificial intelligence race.

Mythos is so powerful that many experts believe that it presents a cybersecurity threat to governments, companies and individuals. Hackers could potentially see it to penetrate banks, banks, tax, energy grids and communicators. However, in response, Anthropic has released Mythos in some government agencies and a small number of companies, giving them a chance to understand their vulnerabilities and improve their defenses. Developers for the Firefox web browser said they were able to find more security bugs in one month with the help of Mythos than they did in all of 2025.

New images that a Chinese company had obtained a model like Mythos first. Over the past decade, hackers linked to China have broken into the computer systems of the U.S. government, Microsoft, a large health insurer and a major credit agency. A press group known as Vail Typhoon has attempted to install national-made American wave and electricity systems to give China the ability to disrupt them. Mythos could have expanded these efforts, which ultimately serve the mother/daim aims of the Chinese Communist Party.

The A.I. race between China and the United States has recently narrowed. On July 16, a Chinese race-up, Maundum A.I. released a model that matched Anthropic's best publicly available model in some capabilities, even though it remains be-

hind overall. Trillingly, Michael Kratsios, the current White House science adviser, accused Maundum of illicitly gaining access to Nvidia technology in Thailand as part of developing the new model.

China has two advantages in the semiconductor race: far more people, including scientists, than the United States; and abundant electricity for data centers, thanks to its rapid build-out of energy infrastructure. Chips are China's main choke point. Its best semiconductor remains well behind Nvidia's

The U.S. has produced its own kind of Sputnik. We should not squander it.

best publicly available line of chips, leaves an Blackwell, and also behind even Nvidia's next most powerful line, the H3N. The gap reflects both America's scientific capabilities and the success of federal policy. Mr. Trump deserves some credit for that success. In his first term, he imposed new expert controls against China. President Joe Biden significantly strengthened the controls. Members of both parties in Congress backed the actions, and some House Republicans criti-

cized Mr. Biden for being too soft.

China's leaders and technology executives understand how effective the expert controls have been. "Money has never been the problem for us," said Liang Weiding, the chief executive of DeepSeek, one of China's most advanced A.I. companies. "There are shipments of advanced chips are the problem." China's premier, Li Qiang, similarly acknowledged that "small-Scient supply of computing power and chips" was slowing A.I. development.

Nvidia and other critics of the expert controls make an unproductive counterargument. They claim that the policy encourages China to build its own semiconductor industry, instead of remaining dependent on America's chips. But China's leaders obviously recognize the importance of developing their own industry. They lack not the motivation to do so, but the technical ability. Giving them the world's most advanced chips, as they desire, would enhance their ability to develop their own services and beyond.

Some analogies expose the weakness of the counterargument. During the Cold War, Washington did not provide the Soviet Union with nuclear technology to prevent its non-increasing its own weapons. Nor does the United States today share other forms of the most advanced and critical technical. In such an weapon systems, with China, even though there is no credit increase the sales of the American companies that make the technology.

FORTUNATELY, Mr. Trump's softening of American policy has not yet had significant real-world effects. He has allowed China to buy H2N9 chips, Nvidia's second-best line, but no sales have yet gone through. China seems to be holding out for access to the top line, and American officials would still need to approve each sale individually.

The best policy going forward would be a strengthening of the controls. Regulators should avoid approving any H2N9 requests unless they become confident that H2N9 would not strengthen China's A.I. capabilities. The Trump administration should maintain the ban on fifteen level sales and should extend it to the next generation of chips, known as Rubin.

The administration should also fix headlines that China has occasionally used to get around the controls. One example is the construction of data centers with advanced chips in countries that do not face expert controls, such as Malaysia and Singapore. Working with Congress, the administration should increase budgets and staffing at the Bureau of Industry and Security to closely track American-made chips.

And the Trump administration should stop its destructive approach to American alliances. This country's semiconductor advantage depends on an intricate supply network that involves Japan, New York, Netherlands, South Korea and Taiwan. Without these partners, the United States would lack the ability to turn innovative American designs into actual products.

At a time of national soft-death, Americans can feel pride about our world-leading semiconductor. During the Cold War, the United States fell behind the Soviet Union in the space race and needed the 1857 launch of Sputnik to inspire a comeback. Another way to look at that race is known, is that the Soviets took their lead for granted and lost it.

This time, America has produced its own kind of Sputnik. We should not squander it.

EDITORIAL

THE LOUNG CITY KIDS TO SWIM, AND FOR MORE

The Editorial Board

A group of opinion journalists whose views are informed by expertise, research, debate and certain longstanding values. It is separate from the newsroom.

WHEN Fran Carlos Galicia-Sanchez left the Bronx for his first designated camp, he bugged on the bus with a bacon, egg and cheese sandwich in hand. Fran Carlos, who was 11 at the time, ate only half of the sandwich before he was struck with an alarming thought: "What if they don't food us?" Worried that campers might be left to bunge for their own food, he tucked the other half into his backpack.

The camp did provide food, and much more. Fran Carlos was placed in a camp village with dedicated counselors and cabin nurses. He made friends, with whom he played football and watered plants in the garden. He chanted sales songs and compared to a campwide game in which campers smoked into rival cabins to steal water balloons.

Fran Carlos had always liked going to his local public pool, but when he sank a swim on at camp, he was given a real wristband, identifying the lowest level of skill. Increasing struggles are common among campers. A significant number of New York City youth cannot swim, and the share is even higher among children from the Bronx.

Fran Carlos took his first swim lessons at the camp, which is run by the Fresh Air Fund, a nonprofit organization that

serves children and teenagers from New York City. When he was back home in the city, he practiced the skills at public pools and joined a recreation center some years. Several years later, he returned to the Fresh Air Fund as a counselor and lifeguard at another camp, Camp Junior. This summer, Fran Carlos, now 26, is the camp's waterfront director and oversees all lifeguards while continuing to teach swim

less was the campers thrive in a screen-free environment, where they can become an air group, keep to play guitar or climb the high ropes with a friend, the counselors benefit, too. Fran Carlos says that his screen time has dropped from 18 hours per day to three hours per day.

Fran Carlos's supervisors have noted his ability to make camp reunion and lessons into something else. With his first payments, he bought a speaker so that he could play the campers' favorite songs while they brushed their teeth. At the lake, he created games like "Siarfish, Hitchish, Mermaid Aquaman," which helps campers get comfortable in the water by acting like different sea creatures. As they advance from raw waterfall level to the area—their red, blue blue, then yellow—they are often as excited as he was years ago. "They're always flabbergasted with themselves," he says. "It's all they really talk about." They thank Fran Carlos for teaching them, and Fran Carlos responds: "That was all you. You are it."

It costs $2,000 to send a child to a Fresh Air Fund camp for the two work session. Any donation, regardless of cost, will help more children experience the joy and discovery of summer camp. The Fund hopes to raise $12 million this year.

Fran Carlos's more about the Fresh Air Fund and make it his deductible donation at ProResurvey. Donations are also he sent to the Fresh Air Fund, 432 Third Avenue, 14th Floor, New York, N.Y. 10017. Families who would like to sign up their children for camp can visit ProResurvey or call the Fresh Air Fund toll-free at 888-367-9001.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2016

OPINION

I Stopped Talking and Began to Finally Hear

Boris Fishman

A novelist whose most recent book is "The Unwarried."

AS HAPPENS for many people, my 30s were a decade of beloved culminations: marriage, children, professional adventures (see the two, the publication of novels and a teaching job). However, it all refused to settle into place. My wife and I struggled to get along. Parenthood was sometimes "all joy and action." The novels received critical praise but sold modestly, and the teaching job was 1,500 miles from where my wife wanted, and continued, to live.

I didn't know what would help, but I knew what wouldn't: talking about it.

I had spent two decades in and out of therapy, to some insight but little transformation. Ditto for the couples therapy my wife and I had undertaken. I also felt like I'd been talking noxious since immigrating as a child from the Soviet Union. In America, English became a dangerous tool to persuade elite institutions to give me the things that my elders had said mattered: approval, access, funding, employment. My Soviet-child shyness turned into garrahenness, then logorrhea. I chattered, people clapped, the doors

never been alone with myself for that long. The retreat had been started in 1947 by two friends: Fay Key, a civil rights advocate who longed to enact Jesus' command to "come away in a lonely place and pray," and Steve Ballington, a Methodist pastor. I arrived to find a chapel and several modest residences bordered by fields for soybeans and hay. It's the kind of place where the shower doesn't shoot straight and the communal jar of almond butter has marks from every spoon that has used it, a sanctuary as plain as its setting. "No majestic mountains, no roaring sea," as Fay once wrote in a memoir. "I sometimes say there is nothing here but God."

I was placed in a one-room cottage flanked by a statue of St. Francis and a lowland of sweet gums and branscomige. It had a twin bed, a wall-mounted propane heater and a compact toilet. The only sound came from pecans thumping the roof. I banded over my laptop and phone and, suddenly, there was nothing to do. I decided to go outside and, Georgia weather being generous even in winter, walk the soybean field. After I circled it, I kept going. I wanted to feel more of the soil and the sun, so I took off my shoes and shirt. Perhaps because I had finally stopped talking, I heard the call of birds. At one point, I stood on an oak ap-

proved by Hurricane Helene, its bark like the scales of a prehistoric animal, and just surveyed existence.

I was rediscovering the physical world — so this is what all those people meant by being present. No object was too humble to convey the glory of its existence. Passing an ancient Tyreia, Corolla, I thought. "That steering wheel is solid and true." The last time I thought such a thing, I was a very stoned undergraduate — that is, more open to the essence of things. I remembered why I was always telling my students that concreteness was sacred in fiction. That week, I sat with myself, in silence, far longer than I imagined I could. "The law of growth is rent," as the British ecclesiastical artist Caryll Hounslander once wrote.

Out in the world, I was always focused on the next move. Here, as little was necessary to feel not only content but ecstatic: simple meals that concluded with prayer and readings; fields to walk in the quiet and warmth, sincerity in the way I was asked after: acceptance when I dared to answer honestly (At the retreat, meals are largely silent — quiet is the default — but communication isn't forbidden.) Between the sometimes transactional nature of my professional life and how busy we all seem to be, it had been a long time since anyone had looked me di-

proceed, if they'd ever been.

I returned to the retreat for a second time last December. I was grateful for the respite even if the effect wasn't as psychodetic. One afternoon, Oliver and I took a walk around the soybean field. It was a colder winter, the sunlight harsher. Again, I was there during Advent, "a season of waiting," so Steve had put it. After a day of silence, speaking felt like communicating through the voice of another.

"You know, they're not fairy, the people in there," Oliver said, seemingly out of nowhere, gesturing toward the 1920s tenant farmhouse where everyone on retreat took their meals. "But they're good people." He meant that very few of the people who came on retreat were in pursuit of public acclaim. They were hardly free of struggles and questions. But they were gifted people, often in ways few others were, and sought to make a better world.

When I returned to my cottage, I retreat parts of a memoir that Oliver had written, lines about "the child of not having to be anybody special" and instruction "in the art of being myself." The question had bewildered me from the moment I had encountered, as an immigrant child, the very non-Soviet master "the yourself." How can you be yourself when this country was made for re-

©Getty Images

to opportunity opened. I rarely felt at home on the inside but I enjoyed a superficial sense of arrival.

Then there was the noise of just being American. (There was virtually no comment on the subject, but I think, I think about that for a minute.) Social media exists to terrify us of quiet and solitude. My phone had become a postmodern crack pipe: I knew it was killing me, yet I couldn't put it down. I felt as if I knew I had noise. But that's all I knew how to do.

So when, two years ago, an acquaintance mentioned to me an annual visit she made to a silent retreat, I cautiously probed for details. Was it a wellness-type thing? Was there yoga? It was the antithesis of luxury, she said: an economical contemplative Christian community in the middle of Georgia, with monastic quarters, silent meals and daily prayer, for $60 a night. It didn't even have a website.

I'm not a Christian, but I was desperate; I wrote to Oliver Ferrari, a monastic brother in the community, and we settled on several days that December. As the date approached, my thrill at the prospect of unspecified liberation turned to terror. I had

Therapy gave me insight, not transformation. Then I tried a silent retreat.

rectly in the eyes, as Fay, Steve and Oliver did.

In the desert of the self created by monastic silence, electronic detachment, and genuine fellowship, it suddenly seemed very clear that she was just a good trust. She was love. I wanted to rush home to show love to my children, to my wife, to the parents who gave me everything except what they couldn't. No matter how many places of worship I've visited, they did not attention of God that's ever made sense to me.

I came home with ecstatic intentions of renewal. But I couldn't make the retreat's lessons work outside the retreat, where I was again overwhelmed by technology, parental duty and marital discord. My relationship deteriorated. A new novel, which I considered my best, failed, even critically. It was, like all my novels, about the irreconcilability of the multiple identities some of us carry within us. The retreat had shown me that these identities might be reconciled, after all; perhaps the reading public was waiting for me to catch up to the lesson. Either way, I felt as if my speaking superpower had left me. The imaginary judges I'd long striated to dazzle were no longer im-

invention and reaching, and people you cared about seemed to want you only if you became someone different?

The answer has taken time — things happen instantaneously only in the make-buyers world of time — that it equals to the shape that afternoon. I had to find the courage to give up on an immigrant's false dream of belonging. No one should have to work that hard to find community. I was so glad to take up the fellowship that it took me a long time to realize it was fake. I would never belong among most of the people I'd been trying to improve all these years. My adopted home was elsewhere, even if I had yet to find out where.

I returned from the retreat with lent huts for the kids, a gift from Fay. When they are older, I will read to them from her book: "The next-sized task of every small monastic community is to stand in the rubble and dream." If they ever feel lost, I hope I am around to tell them that it may take time, but if their hearts are good, and their companions true, it might mean they are finally on their way to finding their way. They just need to fall silent, so they can hear themselves better.

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5 LIVING SMALL

Even the architects said it would be nearly impossible.

4 MODERN ADDITION

Glass brick offers the solution in a historic TrilSeCa building.

3 WRITERS' HAVEN

In Syracuse, the snow falls, but the words keep flowing.

4 THE PAINT

Private outdoor space was the only amenity she wanted.

OWNERS | RENTERS | RENOVATORS

RealEstate

The New York Times

JUNISAS, AUGUST 3, 2020

The 143-foot luxury vessel Hemisphere, which was the largest sailing commartan until 2024.

REPRODUCED BY THE NEW YORK TIMES

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Explore recipe collections like Breakfast in 10 Minutes or Less. nytcooking.com

Calculator Finding Joy

Smile! You Live Here.

Your "happy place" may actually be on a map, according to a recent Wal- latHub study.

The study, published in March, ranked 182 of the largest U.S. cities for happiness, based on 29 criteria across three categories: emotional and physi- cal well-being; income and employ- ment; and community and envi- ronment. Data was drawn from the U.S. Census Bureau, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the F.B.I., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, other public and private sources, and WallatHub's own research.

After all the numbers were crunched, Fremont, Calif., the city on the southeast shore of San Francisco Bay, came out on top. It had the best rating for well-being, as well as the seventh-lowest rate of residents espe- ritencing depression.

"Fremont is very walkable, the weather is usually pretty nice, sports participation is high, and average life expectancy is almost 82 years, which means that the people living there tend to stay," said Chip Lupo, a Wal- latHub analyst. "They're not going to move to Florida when they turn 65."

While it's said that money can't buy happiness, the study recognized the benefits of financial security. Although Fremont ranked just 60th in the can- gory of jobs and income, 80 percent of its households earned over $73,000, enough to comfortably cover essentials like food, shelter, education and emer- gencies.

Interestingly, two of the five happi- est American cities were also two of the coldest: Bismarck and Fargo, in North Dakota. Bismarck topped the survey in the community and envi- ronment category thanks to its "strong

Your Happy Place?

Here are the 10 cities ranked as the happiest and the 10 ranked as the unhappiest, along with the categories most responsible for those rankings, according to a WallatHub study.

Happiest

1. Fremont, Calif. Emotional and physical well-being

2. Bismarck, N.D. Community and environment

3. Scottsdale, Ariz. Community and environment

4. South Burlington, Vt. Emotional and physical well-being

5. Fargo, N.D. Community and environment

6. Overland Park, Kan. Emotional and physical well-being

7. Charleston, S.C. Community and environment

8. Irvine, Calif. Emotional and physical well-being

9. Gilbert, Ariz. Community and environment

10. San Jose, Calif. Emotional and physical well-being

Source: WallatHub

Unhappiest

183. Detroit Income and employment

184. Memphis Income and employment

185. Shreveport, La. Income and employment

186. Cleveland Community and environment

187. Huntington, W.Va. Emotional and physical well-being

188. Toledo, Ohio Income and employment

189. Augusta, Ga. Emotional and physical well-being

190. Fort Smith, Ark. Emotional and physical well-being

191. Dover, Del. Community and environment

192. Akron, Ohio Emotional and physical well-being

Source: WallatHub

sense of satisfaction and connection among residents, contributing to sever- all quality of life," according to the study. People there also dedicate a lot of time to leisure and take advantage of the wide-open spaces.

"It's not as battle and battle as it would be in a major metro area like New York City or Washington, D.C.," Mr. Lupo said. "So residents have more opportunities to unwind, spend time with family and focus on personal hobbies or interests." ANNEXA HOWELL

Ask Real Estate Property Laws

In a Dispute With a Neighbor,

What Are a Homeowner's Rights?

I own a single-family home in New York City. The apartment building next door has an illegal unit in the basement, and we share overwritep of a small paved alley. The owner next door has complained of flooding in the basement apartment because the drain to the sewer on his side of the alley isn't func- tioning. He told me that he intends to block the drain, regrade our alley and redirect all the water through the alley and into the street — which will wash out our lawn. If we won't regrade the alley with him, he will make his side higher, redirecting all the water away from the basement and toward our house. What are our rights?

Your neighbor cannot solve his problem by directing water onto your property, or by ignoring city laws. The city code requires owners to keep their properties in a safe, code-compliant condition, and this could arguably include the drain, said Michael Nacznan, a lawyer in Brooklyn.

To take a legal approach to this project, he would most likely have to file plans and

To submit your questions or comments, email maidenleaps@nytimes.com

obtain permits before any work is done. This would mean figuring out whether the consent of both owners is required by checking deeds, surveys and easements, Mr. Nacznan said. If the work requires temporary access to your property and you do not grant it, he aware that your neighbor could use you under state law, though the law does not allow your neighbor to alter your property.

Document everything. Take photos with time stamps, including the current condi- tions. Look at the deed or any easements to see who owns what. You can object to the work in writing, and if work begins, call 311 immediately, Mr. Nacznan said.

Depending on the scope of work and where it takes place, this conflict could at least partly be a property line dispute, which is a civil matter.

"However, even if the proposed work is fully on the neighbor's yard, the neighbor is not allowed to change their property in a way that would cause storm water to flow onto any of the neighboring properties," said Andrew Budansky, press secretary for the New York City Department of Build- ings.

In addition, Title 39 of the city's adminis- trative code requires a permit for grading, or changing the surface area, could also apply here, especially when existing drainage is affected.

Our employer-note: Illegal basement apartments that flood can create fatal conditions, and should be reported to 311. JILL TURNER KAHOS

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

N M. 3

On the Market

HEATHER SENISON

PHOTOGRAPH BY ELMER C. LEE, LITTLETON CITY/STAFF/NEWS, 8/2/27

GREAT NECK COLONIAL

$2,295,000

NASSAU 134 Woolsey Lane A four-bedroom, two-and-a-half-bath house with a double-door entry; an ear-in kitchen that has alydights, an island and sliding glass doors to a backyard; an en suite primary bedroom, a finished basement; and a one-car attached garage, on a 0.23-acre lot. Deborah Harkhman, Daniel Gale Sotheby's International Realty; sothebyorealty.com

TAXES $25,307 a year

PROS The property is about one mile from the Great Neck Long Island Rail Road Station. The rear has a deck, a patio and nice landscaping. The living room has a fireplace.

CONS The backyard is not fully fenced. The primary en suite bathroom is quite small.

PHOTOGRAPH BY KATHLEEN HARRISON

MILTON THREE-BEDROOM

$849,000

FAIRFIELD 23 Church Street A three-bedroom, one-and-a-half-bath, 1,612-square-foot home listed on the National Register of Historic Places, with wide-ptons floors, a wood stove, a roasting nook, a sky-id kitchen, a patio, and a 1.48-acre landscaped yard that is a nationally certified wildlife habitat. Michael Ferguson, Douglas Elliman, eliman.com

TAXES $9,875 a year

PROS The home is in Witter's Historic District 6, and near Route 7, the Metro-North Railroad and the downtowns of Witter and Ridgefield. The attic and unfinished basement offer ample storage space.

CONS The primary bedroom laces an en suite bath. There is no garage.

ADDITIONAL REPORTING BY ALICIA HAFNIRKIN/SEI AND CLAUDIA GRYNATZ/OPQYIN

Gives the first part of the current market, some properties may no longer be available at the time of publication.

UPPER WEST SIDE DUPLEX

$1,500,000

MANHATTAN 76 West 85th

Street, No. 30

A two-bedroom, two-bath, roughly 952-square-foot unit with a windowed kitchen, a walk-in closet, a washer/dryer and two roof decks, on the two floors of a six-story building that was built in 1880 and has a virtual intercom. Michael Moser and Jonathan Schupak, Sotheby's; sothebyorealty.com

COMMON CHARGES $880 a

month; taxes, $1,002 a month

PROS There are nice views of the city, and it's close to Central Park. The second level has space for an office room. A portable soundproof booth can be included in the sale.

CONS One deck is next to the shared roof deck and lacks a fence.

UPPER EAST SIDE ONE-BEDROOM

$825,000

MANHATTAN 510 East 80th

Street, No. 26

An updated one-bedroom, one-bath, 708-square-foot condo with PTAC heat and air, on the third floor of a 10-story doorman building with shared laundry, a public garage and a roof deck. Evite LaBasse and Charles Holmes, Coldwell Banker Warburg; cbwarburg.com

COMMON CHARGES $1,250 a month; taxes, $740 a month; monthly assessment, $218 through July 2029

PROS The bedroom has ample closets.

CONS The view is underwhelming. The building is about a 10-minute walk to the closest subway station.

PHOTOGRAPH BY KATHLEEN HARRISON, 8/2/26

PHOTOGRAPH BY KATHLEEN HARRISON

GREENPOINT TWO-FAMILY HOME

$2,150,000

BROOKLYN 216 Monitor Street

A four-bedroom, two-bath,

1,788-square-foot sprinkler/sched house with a one-bedroom, one-bath unit above a three-bedroom, one-bath duplex that has an ear-in kitchen, a living room, a windowed bathroom, a washer/dryer and a backyard. Ingo Wapnke, Bend New York; bendnewyork.com

TAXES $6,144 a year

PROS The backyard is fully enclosed. It's up the street from Mige, McDanick Park.

CONS The lower level of the duplex doesn't have a bathroom. The closest subway stay is for the 12-hole, which is about a 15-minute walk.

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4 88 »

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

To improve a TrifleCa building's looks, a glass-brick addition did the trick.

By JOYCE CHIKIN

Standing only three stories, 50 Hudson Street was long an anomaly among in-sides neighbors in Lower Manhattan, an odd in surrogates and the area's solid street walls.

"It was kind of like the missing truth on the block," said Eric Schlagman, who bought the neglected brick commercial building 20 years ago. Together with his partner, Miriam Rothstein, he spent three years resorting it, but it still seemed too short. And seeing allowed for two additional flights.

Despite the building's location in the TrifleCa West Historic District — "nearly every preservationist, historian and architect said that approved was an ultra-long shot," Mr. Schlagman said — the couple were able to re-reservate it, adding a unique glass-brick top.

Streaked for the past four years with a black tarp, 50 Hudson Street was finally unveiled just before Roosevelt Day weekend. The modern glass brick, "in an entertaining materiality, allows the historic building to remain legible," wrote the Landmarks Preservation Commission in its permit.

Alexandros Waltham, an architect and the city's former chief urban designer, who spoke in support of the glass addition to the Landmarks Preservation Commission, said: "You can use glass as a brick — if it both solid and transparent. It's an unusual project, and I am glad they took the plunge. It's really something that gives new life to buildings."

The building was erected in 1935, designed by William F. Hammond as an office and warehouse for the John F. Early Company, a paper merchant. "In the plans for the building, there were paper salesmen on our first floor," Mr. Schlagman said.

The building had the "bold, straightforward style characteristic of early-most-central commercial architecture," proclaimed the 1992 TrifleCa West Historic

This Renovation Is 'Disgustingly Beautiful'

District designation report.

When Mr. Schlagman and Ms. Rothstein bought the building, it was called to root and covered with graffiti. The windows were frozen in place, if not missing; a tree sprouted from one window. Water pooled in the cellar. "You could paddle a cause there," Mr. Schlagman said. The renovation at that time included relocating the elevator, waterproofing the cellar and lowering some windstorms.

"Warehouses in the 1920s didn't want to try so much an artificial light," he said. "They made window openings for the exclusive purpose of seeing what they were doing inside. The silts were at chin height, which was common in warehouses because

The building at 50 Hudson Street in its younger days, above right, is looking quite more. Our century saw. The developer Eric Schlagman, above, bought hard for the creative glass-brick solution, top left. It took a year to design and test the glass used in the addition.

you could store things along the perimeter walls. But to deny a kid view of Duane Park, which is a charming plaza in the center of TrifleCa, is really a chance, so lowering the silts made a big difference."

The building settled into commercial and retail use. But Mr. Schlagman had his rights set on something grandiose. About a dozen years ago, he worked on a plan for a matching brick addition atop the building. Slightly, he found his architect, Thierry Despont, who had helped with the restoration of the Statue of Liberty and who lived nearby.

The design was rejected by the Landmarks Preservation Commission, which nonetheless invited the developers to re-

appear with a revised plan. "Most of our team left the room very desponders," Mr. Schlagman said. "Only Thierry and I found what we wanted: that an addition was possible."

They returned with a reworked design, more of a contrast than a match, he said. This one used glass bricks, the idea being that they simultaneously conveyed mass and lightness. The glass was inspired by the glass finishes in the interior of Bar Cyrk, which for a few years occupied part of the building's ground floor retail space.

"What Thierry saw the glass, he said, is his French accent, 'This is disgustingly beautiful,' according to Mr. Schlagman. The Landmarks Preservation Commission approved the new design, writing that 'the presence of a visible roaring addition will not detract from the streetscape,' even though such additions in areas that have been declared habitually generally must not be visible from the street.

To preservation, there are cycles," Mr. Schlagman said. "If they are going to allow additions at all, they really want to see it match, but when the pendulum swings the other way, they want to see something that references and complements the original building, but has to be something special. The Landmarks Preservation Commission wanted a design that looked off the original but didn't copy it. The top so beautifully mirrors the bottom."

The glass-bricks were heavy, and the original structure needed to support the weight. It was the first to design and test the glass, and the underside of the original roof was reinforced with steel.

The building was the "best" Mr. Schlagman said. "It is like looking through polished crystal. Glass bricks are not a common thing. When the sun hits it, rainbows come off off it." The bricks change color during the day as the sun moves across the sky.

People observe the building do a doubtless, said Mr. Waltham, the architect: "It is not going to be the same building twice. I think people will keep coming back to see it as the first sign."

Work on the building was interrupted because of the travel pandemic, and proceeded through the deaths of Mr. Despont and Anthony Gorman, the structural engineer, along with another architect, Steven Jacobson. "It's deeply saddening to us that we weren't able to share the project in its own way," said Mr. Schlagman said.

While many of the neighborhood's former commercial buildings have been converted into residential condominiums, "we like the boutique office market," he said. The build was the architect, particularly retail sales, along with a garage, four commercial floors and one penthouse residence with a terrace surrounded by a glass-brick parapet.

Mr. Schlagman thought he would be criticised for making the addition of an modern, instead, "people have given me an onipouring of very many responses," he said. "That's nice to hear. It makes you feel all the work was justified."

The Hunt

She Was Delighted in Her Queens Rental but Wanted a Slice of the Outdoors

With a budget of $650,000, an Astoria resident hoped to stay near her park and trains.

By JOYCE CHIKIN

Kristina Hacker had a seven studio Astoria, Queens. For seven years, at around 51,600 a month, she rented the top floor of a resolute that belonged to the family of a former boss. Her apartment had a tiny around bedroom that she used as an office.

She loved that the neighborhood was walkable, and close to Astoria Park, where she went running. She commented on the 9 or the 10 train from the Astoria-Ditnant Boulevard station to her office in Nashville for Center, where she works in marketing.

"I thought I would never leave that rental unless something major happened to my life," she said. "I was super happy there."

Still, she said, "there's something about owning," Ms. Hacker worried about having a situation out of her control. She the side of the building. "I didn't want to be the first on somebody else's timeline," she said. She also really wanted an outdoor space.

Ms. Hacker, 53, grew up in Fairfield County, Conn., in a house with a front porch and a back deck. It was near a school, with plenty of key cities and pedestrians passing by. "We spent meetings and evenings on there and waved to people," she said. "We are outside an many days as possible."

Ms. Hacker craved that kind of effortless access to the outdoors. If you go to the park and get bored or hungry, "you have to walk all the way home," she said, but with a balcony or a terrace, "I can come right back to." She around 50,000 miles a day, marching for a one-bedroom in a seventh building. It needed private outdoor space — a chance — to walk. She paid885,000. She started to remain close to Astoria Park and near the Astoria-Ditnant Boulevard or the Astoria Boulevard subway stops for express trains. Her budget was up to $450,000.

Last winter, bad plans stood out, his price having dropped three times over six months. "All of a sudden, it was in my budget," Ms. Hacker said. But to better understand the local market, she contacted Ann Acaparino of Real Books 94.

The biggest deal became, Ms. Acaparino said, is if a unit doesn't have a washer-dryer.

Ms. Hacker had no problem using a laundry room or a laundromat. Nor did she care about a gym, parking or other amenities. Among her options:

1. CONVERTED FACTORY BUILDING

This survey one-bedroom, just under 700 square feet, had a large living and dining

The Buyer Kristina Hacker, who loved her walkable neighborhood in Astoria, Queens.

'I thought I would never leave that rental unless something major happened to my life.'

The Options

A one-bedroom co-op is this former factory was about 700 square feet, with large spaces, three closets, a balcony and a doorman.

This one-bedroom is a boutique condo was 600 square feet and had an open kitchen, two closets, a washer-dryer and a balcony.

A condo is a broad-new building was just over 800 square feet. It had two closets, a washer-dryer, a balcony, a gym and a virtual doorman.

area and three closets, along with a 60-square-foot balcony. The 2012 doorman building, steps from Astoria Park, was a factory that was converted in 2006 to co-op, with a small laundry room on each foot, one onto and a gym. The price was $543,000, with monthly maintenance in the $1,200s.

2. BENTHING COMBO

This back-burley one-bedroom, with 600 square feet, had an open kitchen with blue accents, two closets, a washer-dryer and a 30-square-foot balcony. The seven-unit walk-up, opened in 2023, was two blocks from Astoria Park and had a roof deck and a video interiors. The price was $630,000, with monthly charges in the low $900s.

3. BRAND-NEW COMBO

This one-bedroom, is a building so new it was not quite finished, had just over 600 square feet, with two closets, a washer-dryer and a balcony of around 50 square feet. The 24-unit building, about a 25-square-foot, was open for it, had a virtual doorman, a gym, a landscaped yard and a roof deck. The price was $653,000, with monthly charges of just under $1,000.

4. NEW COMBO

Ms. Hacker was underwhelmed with the interiors and the common areas of most places are not.

From the start, she had her eye on the boutique condo, and watched as the price dropped to $618,000 from $688,000. It was tough to schedule a tour, because a instant sense is about them for thorough. When she finally got in, it was a cluttered mess.

But it was different. "It seemed thoughtful," Ms. Hacker said. She liked the blue kitchen. The building led exactly its location and the other. Another floor space meant she would be one step closer to Manhattan than she had been. She bought it in the spring for the asking price.

"After the pandemic, we had a lot of buying everything, we're enjoying. Ms. Acaparino said, some of those places are now back on the market for relatively low prices. In Ms. Hacker's case, the sellers paid $838,000 three years ago.

Now, Ms. Hacker finds that having a washer-dryer is life-changing. "As a runner, I have a lot of money laundry," she said.

And for that long-deserved balcony, she also plans to buy furniture. "I have been so desperate to not outside that I would carry a little heavy table and chair out on the balcony to see there, and then carry them back inside," she said. "The novelty of the outdoor space has not worn off."

DRAG. HACKER@TOYOHAN.COM

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

N M 5

LIVING SMALL | TIM M=KEOUGH

On a Lot's Steep Slope, a Dream Home Rises

Architects said it couldn't be built, had one woman had the will to find the right designer.

WHEN THE ROTARY a sliver of land on the side of Highway 1 in Boiling Bay, Calif., Qing Tang-Oxley didn't fully understand how difficult it would be to build a house on the steep site, which dropped sharply to the water. But there were signs.

The lot had longuished on the market for years, as the price was reduced. She asked a local architect for his assessment, which was not favorable.

"He said, 'I would not buy this if it was free,'" recalled Dr. Tang-Oxley, 68, because trying to build there would be almost impossible.

Her husband, Eibba Oxley, 86, agreed. "He said I would lose my debt," Dr. Tang-Oxley said.

But Dr. Tang-Oxley chose to look at the points in the lot's favor. There was nothing else on the market in her price range, an engineer she hired said the land could at least support a house, and she only wanted to build something small.

"I always wanted to have a little house, a tiny home," Dr. Tang-Oxley said.

She was also an stranger to overcoming adversity. She had moved to the United States from China a few months after the Tiananmen Square massacre of 1989 with

©2026 SUNDAY TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2026

Left, a 150-square-foot cottage built for Qing Tang-Oxley on a top, difficult lot in Boiling Bay, Calif., by Schwartz and Architecture. Below from left: a wood-stone that was set up in a semi-cylindrical niche to provide easy warmth on under days; a large room designed to contain the kitchen, living and dining areas, with a raised platform near the window as a place for use; and sliding glass doors that open to a deck facing the water. Bottom left, Dr. Tang-Oxley at home with her dogs.

only $100, then worked her way through college to become a doctor specializing in internal medicine.

She bought the lot for $10,000 in 2018, determined to build a small structure that would serve as a second home for son, and a full-time retirement home in the future.

Looking for an architect who wouldn't simply crash her dream, she contacted Neal Schwartz, the founder of the San Francisco-based first Schwartz and Architecture.

Mr. Schwartz guessed that the lot had been on the market so long because there was no obvious building site. "You look down this steep slope and say, 'It's just an buildable,'" he said. Mr. Schwartz also knew construction plans would need to be approved not only by Sonoma County's building division, but also by the California Department of Transportation and the California Coastal Commission.

Nevertheless, Mr. Schwartz liked Dr. Tang-Oxley's enthusiasm and positive outlook. "We're always up for a challenge," he said. "So it was just like, 'Yeah, let's do this thing.'"

Taking into account the space a building would need to know from the highway, the water and engineering properties, as well as a requirement to position the foundation well above Road level, Schwartz and Archi-

"I have no regret. It's so much, the experience."

tectors outlined the mountains allowable building envelope for a home, which was tiny. But, within that envelope, the architects managed to design a 150-square-foot, single-story cottage elevated on old posts, with a single footnote and bathroom.

The design seemed simple enough, but gaining approval from three different government entities was decidedly not. Including pandemic-related delays, it took more than four years to get the building plans approved.

At the same time, contractors balked at building on such a vertiginous site, and provided quotes that were far beyond Dr. Tang-Oxley's budget to account for elaborate construction methods. After reaching roadblocks with two different contractors, Mr. Schwartz recommended times. Thereafter, the founder of Fairweather & Associates, who determined he could build the house in a simpler way, for a lower cost.

"We just always, isn't by tech, get through everything," Mr. Schwartz said. "Like, we needed a new report on the biology, something on the structure and something on the geology. It was so well studied by all the regulatory bodies."

When things were at a low point, Dr. Tang-Oxley sent Mr. Schwartz an ancient Chinese table by email. With no note of ex-

planation, she recounted "The Foulish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains," a tale about a 90-year-old man who was determined to dig two mountains out of his way, believing that even if he failed, future generations of his children would complete the task. Gods, impressed by the old man's perseverance, intervened to remove the mountains.

"There was a purpose to say that when you do enough, and are determined enough, anything can be overcome," Dr. Tang-Oxley said. "I didn't want to give up."

Construction finally began in February 2023 and the house was completed this past April.

From a garage next to the highway, stairs descend to a courtyard leading to the home, which almost appears to hover in midair. Its gently curved roof has asphalt shingles layered to resemble fish scales. Inside, one large room contains the kitchen, dining and living spaces.

Dr. Tang-Oxley estimated that building the structure cost more than $2.2 million, which was roughly four times what she expected at the outset.

"This house is not a financial win," she said, adding that she plans to delay her retirement to pay for it. But, it was worth building for more emotional rewards.

"It's so close to nature," she said. "I have no regret. It's so much, the experience."

Throughout the journey, Dr. Tang-Oxley frequently communicated with Mr. Schwartz by writing poems instead of providing more direct feedback. One recent poem she wrote summarized the highs and lows of building the home she wanted:

Power of a Daydream

It was a daydream. It was nothing but earthly dirt and wild weeds.

It was streaming thoughts of the architects ...

The lines, the drawings, the papers, the videos.

It was inviting designs, denials, and redesigns.

Moxite and years of delays, discouragements, domestication, and despair.

It was drowning weekly reports and photos.

Deep holes, giant executives, thick concrete walls. Scaffolds, paints ...

It was a surreal play of disbelief, surprises and pure delights.

Reporting from 50 states and 150 countries.

Our journalists go to the places they cover to provide firsthand accounts of insane across the globe. In a typical year, that includes every U.S. state and about 150 countries.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

At Risk of Losing His Seafaring

Above, Capt. Gavin Bladen aboard the Hemisphere, right, which he overrues the construction of and has been belating since it first set sail in 2011, the bus also been in charge of design. She is the main living area, below right, and had been, second row for right. He has decorated these spaces with objects picked up during his travels, second row center, including a wooden octopus.

'I was't have anybody so good as the family I've worked with.'

Clockwise from below left: Nick Routledge, the chef, cleaning a ram caught on the Hemisphere; Kristie Kelly, the chief stewardess, doing crew laundry; members of the crew heading to Nice, France, for a birthday party; the engineer Julian Jowell living as electrical malfunction.

As Capt. Gavin Bladen looks for new buyers for the vessel he has overseen for years, he realizes he could be cast aside.

By RONDA KATNER Photographs by JONATHAN STOKES

THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA — For 38.5 million euros, the prospective boat buyer would expect perfection, and Capt. Gavin Bladen was pretty sure that what he had to offer — a five-calibr luxury catamaran anchored in a Mediterranean crew on the French Riviera on a nearby chandlers day in June — was as close as it gets.

Mr. Bladen, dressed for work in a white pole, charcoal shorts and bare feet, was at the ready when his visitor, a yacht broker from Monaco, stepped onto the tank deck. He clasped his guest's hand, offered him an espresso and eased into a salt cell of the boat. Hemisphere, as it rocked over its gently in the bright blue water. Its owner, a wealthy 83-year-old American named Anthony Marlon, was selling it for the equivalent of almost $44 million, leaving Mr. Bladen with the unwelcome task of finding a buyer for what had been his home for 15 years — and a decency home at that.

The tour was an orchestrated exercise in showcasing Hemisphere's quiet but undeniable luxury. Was there anything like the ridged texture of this search-burher wall covering? Notice the undulating finish of the African walnut main cabin flooring? See how the outdoor dining area has overhead air-conditioning, so that even on the behind days, our needs? unwillingly perquire?

The yacht broker, Simon Ting, touring Hemisphere on behalf of 'a specific client that loves doing adventurous stuff,' seemed underwhelmed. Newer boats have cabins with floor-to-ceiling windows that dip below the waterline, a feature so immersive that 'the dolphins wick at you,' Mr. Ting said.

Mr. Bladen, 34, couldn't compete with winning dolphins. And he was aware there were superyueltas that dwarfed Hemisphere and bad helicopters, Jet Skin and infantry pools, along with aquarium-style windows.

But a sailing catamaran is not like most superyueltas, which are powerboats. Hemisphere is instead a two-bulled sailboat (though it has a powerful motor) two, as with a 55-foot beam, it is roughly double the width of a typical power boat of similar length, delivering a rowery, stable ride. It has circumscribed the globe three times, reaching some of the most secluded diving destinations on Earth. The 145-foot vessel was the largest sailing catamaran in the world until the 2024 launch of the Artaxphere, at 152 km. 'By green tonnage, we're still the largest,' Mr. Bladen noted.

Mr. Bladen overrues the design and construction of Hemisphere and has lived aboard it since it first set sail in 2011 from

Falmouth, England. Just about his whole life is on the boat. For the past decade, his girlfriend, Fatima Lishan, 46, has sailed with him, working on board as the head of housekeeping. The main cabin centerpiece is a 2-foot-by-2-foot wooden octopus that Mr. Bladen bought in Tulsa, where he met Ms. Lishan. The 36-year-old bonus trees on the rear don't: He bought them, too, and makes sure they're properly pruned, protected and nurtured.

Even Dr. Marlon, the boat's owner, sees Hemisphere as Mr. Bladen's home. 'There's no question,' he said in a telephone interview. Dr. Marlon and his family use the boat about one month a year, always with Mr. Bladen at the helm. Mr. Bladen carve for the vessel, overturning a crew of nine, operating charters for a fee of £235,000 a week (£200,000), along with 30 percent for incidentals and tips for the staff.

Now, Mr. Bladen was facing the possibility that the seafaring paradise he created might soon be lost.

A new owner might not want to charter the boat or sail the globe, choosing to stick to the predictable seasonal route from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean. That trip to known among captains as the milk run, and while it might sound interesting if you spend most of your time on land, Mr. Bladen finds it mottling. The next owner might run a more corporate operation than Dr. Marlon does, dictating whom Mr. Bladen hires and love the charters are managed. Or the owner might already have a captain on staff, leaving Mr. Bladen without a job.

'It's 100 percent the end of a chapter,' Mr. Bladen said after Mr. Ting departed. 'I could find the person who lives me.'

Hemisphere's Unlikely Origins

Mr. Bladen met Dr. Marlon in 2001, when he was the captain of Double Feature, a 57-foot catamaran in the British Virgin Islands. Dr. Marlon, a cardiologist who started a health insurance company that he later said he $2.6 billion in Cnstechhealth Group, had chartered the boat for a week of diving with his wife, Reese, and other family members. He immediately took to Mr. Bladen, impressed by the way he easily shepherded Mr. Marlon through the process of getting her diving certification, staying by her side in her confidence and staff grew.

The couple returned later for another vacation, and this time, Mr. Bladen said, Dr. Marlon 'gave me the nod and wink to look for a big cat' to buy. But there was nothing on the market that seemed worth the money. 'That should have been the end of it,' Mr. Bladen said.

But it wasn't, because Mr. Bladen then suggested that Dr. Marlon build a boat of known. Soon Mr. Bladen found himself interviewing the world's top yacht designers. At one point, they found a 130-foot catamaran under construction, but it burned down to the shipyard before Dr. Marlon could make an offer. The two pressed on, and with each interview, the definition of a 'big cat' grew.

'You get a drawing of an 85-footer, and it's like: 'That is lovely! Look at that one,' Mr. Bladen recalled. 'And then a 90-footer, 95-footer, 100-footer.'

Mr. Bladen hired a yacht designer, an interior designer and a builder, and managed the sprawling project across two continents. It was nearly derailed when the original shipyard went bankrupt, turning what was supposed to be a four-year project into a seven-year sing and doubling the cost from $27 million to $57 million.

Mr. Bladen grew up in Yorkshire, England, the son of a regional bank manager. Never much of a teacher, he left for Australia at 20 to travel. 'My dad didn't speak to me for a week,' he said. He took diving lessons in the Great Barrier Reef, because an instructor and eventually captained dive hours like the Double Feature.

So he was surprised, in 2004, to be sitting in a yacht designer's Paris office, paying over plans for what had ballooned into a 145-foot vessel. He observed over details, constantly looking for ways to elevate the

design: 'I'll look at their drawings and go, 'He could do that differently,' he could do this differently.'

He moved to Connecticut to oversee the build and, in the wake of the bankruptcy, eventually loaded the 100-ton vessel onto a ship and, as a passenger, crossed the Atlantic Ocean with it. Two years later, in 2015, the Marlon family gathered for the maiden voyage on a woody afternoon, hovering around Mr. Bladen as he moved Hemisphere out to sea and off toward the Mediterranean. Residents from town gathered for the event, celebrated with a fireworks display.

So began an epic voyage that would take Mr. Bladen to 75 countries — diving in Micronesia, India, French Polynesia, Egypt and the Galápagos Islands — sometimes with the Marlons, sometimes with charters, sometimes with only the crew. He developed a humpback whale and her calf (she was not pleased), the ocean with ocean. A cattle egret, blown out in sea from a storm in Puerto Rico, landed aboard in 2005, exhausted and weak. Mr. Bladen named the

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

9 82 7

Paradise to New Ownership

orphan Boden and fed him bits of fish. Boden hung around for two weeks until they reached Tabits, then took flight.

In 2016, Mr. Bladen met Mr. Liaban at a bar where she worked in Palau, earning about $1.50 on head, and persuaded her to join him aboard the boat as a seabring stewardess. Her wages soared, and she did not have to pay for rent, food or any household items, allowing her to send two-thirds of her income home to the Philippines and eventually put her son through medical school.

"It's changed her whole family's life," Mr. Bladen said.

Luxury Comes With Coats

After the yacht broker finished his visit to Hemisphere, Mr. Bladen had 36 hours before he would depart the south of France for Diderovsk, Croatia, a five-day passage, to pick up a family that had chartered the boat for two weeks.

But before the crew began working

around the clock, four hours on, eight hours off, with no alcohol allowed — one crew member called this "sea-too" — they wanted a night out in nearby Nice to celebrate the 22nd birthday of one of the stewardesses.

While the crew got ready to party, Mr. Bladen was thinking about the case of C919, a battle wine he needed to pick up from the wine dealer for Hemisphere's next charter. "I orchestrate everything," he said. "So to night when they're drinking, going, they, happy birthday, don't need to do anything; I'm still working. My mind's still ticking. It never stops."

At sunset, Mr. Bladen and the crew rode a tender, heavy in hand, to the What's Tall, a pickup point at the nearby dock. They piled into Cibers and shared a dinner of wine, beef cheeks, carpaccio and sea broom. As Mr. Bladen signed the check, most of the crew scrambled to make plans to stay ashore for the night.

The next morning, Mr. Bladen and Mr. Liaban visited Eae, a medieval village

perched in the cliffs above the Mediterranean, for lunch. From the mountains high above the sea, while tourists admired the view, Mr. Bladen spotted Hemisphere anchored among the other superyachts. "I can't see if they put the tender away," he groaned to Mr. Liaban.

Luxury lies in the details, and Mr. Bladen is a details guy. The boat's cabins are in-food with a citrus and basil aroma, Towels, draped on a warning rack, are never cold. Lunch, perhaps a spread of gilded tomatoes, Sardinian frogata and heritage tomatoes, sweats as you re-embed, after a morning spent diving. Fresh laundry is returned to your cabin present and folded after an evening spent spotting the whales' breath. In February, in St. Thomas, after returning from shore, Mr. Bladen spotted a nice, quarter-inch ding in the teak on the upper floor deck and was furious. "Dick costs like C981,000," he said. "No one admitted to it when I got back, and I see a ding in the teak, and I think, 'Who did that?'"

The next day, the mystery was solved: A

bullet was found in the boom. Mr. Bladen assumed someone had fired a gun from the deck and the bullet had landed on deck, a plausible explanation that summarized his crew.

As the live-aboard captain, Mr. Bladen enjoys many of the histories he provides to his guests. He gets warm towels and doesn't transfer his own clothes. He doesn't cook his meals, either; the chef does that.

Providing all this luxury is not cheap. Hemisphere has two engines, three generators and four air-conditioning compressors. When anchored, it churns through 5/4 gallons of fuel a day. During a passage, it can burn as much as 40%. It makes its own fresh water, which is stored in tanks that hold 2,230 gallons, using reverse osmosis. With decking less, passage less and maintenance costs, it all adds up to $3 million a year to maintenance. Charters defray about half the cost.

Dr. Marlon is done carrying the financial load. "How old am I? Eighty-three?" he said. "I do not want to leave my wife with that boat."

Mr. Bladen tries not to think too far ahead. He has been working with a yacht designer to potentially build a new catamaran, which, at 230 feet, would overshadow Hemisphere. Perhaps an adventurous patron will buy it and hire him as captain. But whatever happens, he will miss the Marlons. "I won't have anybody so good as the family I've worked with," he said.

Black on the Milk Run

When it was time to leave the French Riviera, a deck hand pulled up the anchor — 230 feet of metal chain, grinding up from the sea floor and cutting under the deck. Mr. Bladen, at the helm, snored into open water. "France is behind me now," he said. By early evening, the last vestiges of land had faded from view. With the air still, there was no reason to raise the calls. It was just as well; they were old, stained with mold and ready to be replaced. Dr. Marlon had no plans to spend C981,000 on new calls. That would fail to the next owner.

To Mr. Bladen, the moldy sails were another gruming reminder that while nothing had changed, everything already had. He would make no more trips to the South Pacific; the boat needed to stay close to the Mediterranean for showings. Even charters would be scarce because charter agents are reluctant to look a boat that's on the market. So Mr. Bladen and his crew were already relegated to the tedious milk run, a path that could leave a crew restless and open to jobs on more active boats.

Daylight brought with it a view of land. Southern Corsica was in Mr. Bladen's sights. He inhaled the earthy, salty morning air. Terra firma "smells like problems — paperwork, rules," he said. "That's what's cool about being here. There's no rules. There's no paperwork. No problems."

His destination was far beyond the horizon, and he was safe at home.

Mr. Bladen with a dolphin between the bulbs of the catamaran, top, and with Fatima Liaban, his girlfriend and the head of housekeeping, shows. His favorite place on the boat is his desk in his cabin, bottom left.

Yachts anchored in Beaulieu-sur-Mer, France, on the Mediterranean Sea. "That's what's cool about being here," Mr. Bladen said. "There's no rules. There's no paperwork. No problems."

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8 88 90

THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

There's Something About Syracuse

The Central New York city known for long, bleak winters continues to be unlikely fertile ground for the literary class.

By ANNA KODE

The cold and the dark have fueled writers for centuries. During winter in the country, “there’s no little to do that if anyone is not in one way or another engaged in intellectual work, he is inevitably biased to become a glutton or a drunkard,” wrote Anton Cheklov, for whom the harsh Russian winter was often a character as much as a setting. In Iceland, where some winter days get about four hours of sunlight, roughly one in 10 residents will publish a book, according to one estimate.

A similar current runs through the long, bleak winters in Syracuse, N.Y., which has been called both the rainfed and unsewered city in the United States. But it isn’t widely regarded as a literary home. It’s often known for its annual state fair, gargantuan shopping mall and college sports.

And yet, the upscale city has been fertile ground for a parade of American literary goats over the decades. Your Murrison's more much of her first movie, “The Blood Eye,” while working there, David Foster Wallace worked on “Idilistic Arts,” his 1998 epics, in a tiny apartment near Syracuse University. It Scott Fitzgerald lived there as a child, as she the new Journalism pioneer Lillian Ross. Raymond Carver and Tobias Wolff have taught at Syracuse University, where George Saunders is a professor.

Today, a thriving indie literary community is carrying on the tradition, with residents organizing backyard reading series and community setting workshops. “There’s none sort of pull to the area that doesn’t exist elsewhere,” said David Haas, who runs the hexagoner, recruits @SyracuseHistory. “This area has totally been forgotten over time. It’s a Best Bell city, and we’ve declined just as others.”

Long winters and short days mean more time spent indoors and groans space for intraspecies. And though the cost of housing has been rising recently, Syracuse is still more affordable than many urban centers, drawing points who can create without the hurdles of paying overthreat rent.

“Not being a high-profile city is appealing to writers,” said Tim Carver, the director of writing workshops at the Writers Voice at Central New York. “You can just get your work done in anemysstd, in some peace and quiet. It’s a place where you can work and create and not have to battle all these other things like a high cost of living.”

In a time of A.I.-guaranteed ship, book buns, hunting rats and a nationwide affordability crisis, making art has become an especially grim occupation. Many writers have been struggling to find work, and artists have been moving New York City in droves. But how has Syracuse maintained its standing as a haven for creativity?

The Typewriter City

Like many cities with industrial paint, Syracuse has faced a current of economic and social hardships into the City society, as it has been in its minimum from 2005 to 2025. It had a child poverty rate of nearly 20 percent. Its population has been declining, from around 220,000 in 1999 to 140,000 in 2025, its old and deteriorating housing stock has been plagued by local.

It wasn’t always this way Syracuse was once thriving with several flourishing in, doorsies. Producing much of the natural salt in the 1980s, it turned the nickname the Salt City. In the early 1980s, it was known as the Typewriter City, home to several typewriter factories. And at one point, it became the Over City.

Many were making everything here,” said Robert Searing, the curator of history for the Onondaga Historical Association. “It was a major place that was drawing people

from everywhere.”

This included the publishing industry. In the 1960s, Tom Morrison was living at home with her mother in Ohio, divorced and jobless. She had subscribed to The New York Review of Books, and one day she saw in the back of the magazine a job posting that read. “A major publisher requires an executive editor.” The ad had been taken out by L.W. Singer, a textbook publishing house in Syracuse. Morrison applied, got the minisuit moved there.

Inspired by a memory of an incident she witnessed as a child, she was working on a story “about a Black girl who wanted their lives,” Morrison said in a 2022 interview. She had two young sons, and she would write “before they got up and after they went to bed just as something to do.” In 1970, this

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2026 (CBS) AND YOUNG TIMES

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2026 (CBS) AND YOUNG TIMES

Above center, from top left: Tom Morrison worked for the publishing company L.W. Singer. About a third were as West Erie Boulevard, right: Raymond Carver began teaching at Syracuse University in 1996, living in a house near campus, and he released his short-story collection “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love” in 1997. David Foster Wallace wrote much of his epics, “Idilistic Arts,” is an apartment in Syracuse.

story would be published as “The Bluest Eye,” Morrison’s debut novel.

“Having this opportunity to go to a place where you can do that of cultural environment, but also has the freedom that she needs to be a writer, is critically important,” said Dana A. Williams, author of the 2025 book “Text at Random,” about Morrison’s sitting career. Random. “I know, which that acquired L.W. Singer, moved Morrison to New York. She continued writing events and eventually won the Nobel Prize in Literature. (Morrison died in 1951.)”

Around the 1990s, in Syracuse, “everything starts to fall apart,” said Mr. Searing, according to the decline of American manufacturing.

For in literary community, a new phase was about to begin.

Syracuse’s brutal winters, left, haven’t stopped the amu’s vertical literary output, far left, from the likes of the peace Bruce Smith and Jules Gibbs, below.

Realists, Poets and Novelists

Raymond Carver starred teaching at Syracuse University in 1980. He was already building a name for himself as a short-story writer with distinctive, minimalist prose, but he had struggled with alcoholism and money problems.

Syracuse “was a place where he could work, afford a house, and stay put,” Carol Skieracka wrote in her biography of him, “Raymond Carver” With the writer Tom Gallagher, he purchased a tour-between house that he decorated with his peacock feather collection. In 1991, Carver’s “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love” made him a household name in literary circles, known for his early children.

In the classroom, Carver smoked cigarettes while he lectured. He shaped the writing program at Syracuse, bringing in Tobias Wolff to join the faculty and persuading, lay McGovern to attend as a student. “Everybody in the class would smoke,” Mr. McGovern recalled recently. “Carver was a master of using the cigarette to pause or to substitute for a sentence.”

Mr. McGovern had been living in New York City. Carver told him he needed to come to Syracuse to focus on his work. There, in his works, the young writer finished a draft of “Bright Lights, Big City” the debut novel that would put him on the map. This April, he published his latest book, “See You on the Other Side.”

Carver died of lung cancer in 1990, but his influence over the program is still felt. Bruce Smith, a poet and English professor, arrived in 2002. He was choosing between Syracuse and the University of California, Santa Barbara, “where I could’ve had a smoothie on the beach,” he joked.

He chose Syracuse because “it had a certain gracious,” Mr. Smith said. “Ray Carver was here, the reading series is started after him. It was a place I was attracted to because of its attention to the word.”

Afterladdity was another factor. Mr. Smith bought his house in 2002 for $100,000 and still lives there with the poet Jules Gibbs, author of the collection “Snakes and Babies.” In the 2010s, the two turned their garage into a three-story writing studio.

“An artists who were struggling to make ends meet, we didn’t have to be home poor,” Mr. Gibbs said. “Unfortunately, that’s changing now. Things are getting more expensive and prices are getting billback.”

Still, compared with other cities, shown for incubating creativity, Syracuse remains affordable, with an average rate of $1,000, according to Zillow, versus $3,750 in New

An observer says there’s ‘a pull to the area that doesn’t exist elsewhere.’

York or $2,000 in Los Angeles. In Syracuse, “you can read but and write your book,” Mr. Gibbs said. “You can do some adjunct teaching and write your book.”

“Just as you’re in Syracuse,” David Foster Wallace, who was born in nearby Miaca, to Syracuse in the early 1980s. He had been battling addiction, and he was looking for somewhere calm with her roots.

“I tried to an apartment that was seriously the size of the foyer of an average house,” he told the journalist David Lipsky, adding: “There were so many books, you couldn’t move around. When I’d want to write, I’d have to put an out from the desk on the bed, and when I’d want to sleep, I would have to put all the stuff on the desk.”

Wallace developed a steady routine: making up early to go to sobriety meetings. lifting weights and laboring away on what he called “the Project,” wrote D.T. Man in his biography, “Every Love Story Is a Ghost Story.” Wallace received Illinois for a teaching job after roughly a year in Syracuse, and in 1996 “the Project” would be published as “Infinite Arts,” launching him to fame. In 2008, Wallace died by suicide.

A Place ‘for Artists to Deed’

It stowed us recently as April this year, which isn’t all that surprising for Syracuse. The climate can create a world of forced intraspecies. “There’s a way that the weather maximizes in our behaviors and bodies and environment,” Mr. Gibbs said. “It’s not bad for artists to dwell in that kind of multilative state sometimes.”

Mr. McGovern recalled he once said that Syracuse “was like eastern Russia, but with shopping spots.”

“The sun would disappear in November,” he said. He was once told by an editor “to write about the world things that ever happened to you.” The darkness, he added, helped bring that out on the page.

The city’s decline has also created a sense of urgency for its writers.

“There’s no much working against us — a sagging population, excessive downturn, bad climate,” Mr. Gibbs said. “It’s the ultimate grass-roots mind-set of. ‘Nobody’s coming to save us, we have to do this nurseries.’ So far creative types, how do we reach out through our work and uplift other people?”

There are many community-centric organizations focused on developing writers, artists and the graduates of the university, where he been increasingly staying in the area. Mr. Smith said, “It could be the last you would get your Syracuse M.F.A. and then you go to in Brooklyn or Philadelphia,” he said. “We don’t have people there tried to make a life in Central New York.”

In 2020, Sarah Godwinis, a Syracuse M.F.A. graduate, founded Write Out, which organizes a after-school creative writing program. He was a member of the 2020 New Yorker. McCarter, another M.F.A. graduate who stayed in Syracuse, said his organization, the Writers Voice, teaches about 500 people each year. He also found a backyard writing program, assembling writers from across the region.

“Syracuse is a D.T.’s city,” he said. “If you build it, people will come.”

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3 ROUTINE

An actor on 'Severance' enjoys shopping and people-watching.

7 COMMUNITY BOXES

The 14th Street Y's efforts to become a social gathering hub.

3 IN THE DIARY

'I heard the most beautiful baritone voice coming from a nearby apartment.'

NEW YORK CITY

Metropolitan

The New York Times

SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

48

PHOTOGRAPH BY JAMES STEVENS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

A Subway Diversion That Aims To Delight

Whimsy and freebies at a vacant newsstand in a West Village station.

By WENNIE HU

Trading cards that highlight hot facts about retired subway conductors and operators. Key chains with a bike raft free for "good train luck." A buckle bar with a sliding rod that riders can borrow to cry in private.

These specialty items for misphangers, which they may not have even realized they need, or want, will be available free starting this weekend at a former newsstand inside the West Fourth Street station in Manhattan.

The transit-themed newsstand will have no other purpose than to amuse and intrigue New Yorkers — to console them on a bad day — and make their comrades just a little better in the nation's largest subway system.

It is the latest creation of Al Mullen, 37, a comedian and writer known for his humorous and upbeat takes on the transit world. The newsstand "unreliable" from his free time, Public Transport Magazine, which he

The comedian and writer Al Mullen, left, and friends are transforming a shattered subway newsstand in the West Fourth Street station with an art project that will include a photo booth with a subway pole and pepper sleeve.

started in 2022 from his Brooklyn apartment and leaves on trains and to stations for riders to discover.

"Everyone's on the subway," Mr. Mullen said while fixing up the newsstand on a recent afternoon. "It's a place where I can meet all kinds of people and see if they'll be delighted."

Mr. Mullen partnered with Art on the Ave NYC, a nonprofit that displays art in vacant storefronts, and the David Prize, a philanthropic initiative of the Waterloo Foundation, to secure a one-year license for the shattered newsstand from the Metropolitan CONTINUED ON PAGE 8

Legionnaires' Disease Makes Itself at Home

New York has had a number of outbreaks. To prevent more, experts look to plumbing.

By JOSEPH GOLDSTEIN

New York City has emerged as a major — and repeated — epicenter of Legionnaires' disease, exactly 50 years after the illness was discovered amid a mass outbreak that struck veterans celebrating the bicentennial in Pennsylvania.

Over the past month, the bacteria that cause Legionnaires' have been implicated in the deaths of six people and sickened 90

more, as of Thursday morning, across the Upper East Side of Manhattan.

It is the third major outbreak of Legionnaires' in a dozen years in the city, following last year's cluster of cases in Harlem, which killed seven people, and an outbreak in the South Bronx in 2015 that was one of the nation's worst.

"There are not many other cities on earth that would have that," said Greg Rankin, the chief executive of a company that sells a Legionella test.

The disease was discovered and named after an unfamiliar pneumonia began in CONTINUED ON PAGE 1

Robert Goldstein, 86, was among the first people in New York City to die from Legionnaires' disease during this summer's outbreak. His wife, Ida Goldstein, left, and her sister, Selma Rosenbaum, married his death.

JAMES STEVENS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

TRAMELL TILLMAN

Actor Steps From His Uptight Role Into Real-Life Fun

When people meet Tramell Tillman, they expect him to be like both Mitchick, the cheerfully menacing manager he plays on the Apple TV thriller “Severance.”

“After people get to know me, they’ll say, ‘Oh, my God, you’re so nice,’” said Mr. Tillman, 41, who won an Emmy Award for best supporting actor in a drama series last year. “They’re surprised I’m not the scary, authoritative guy we use in ‘Severance.’”

Mr. Tillman got the chance to show off that charisma opposite Tom Cruise in “Mission: Impossible — The Final Reckoning” last year, and he made his Broadway debut in the 2019 production of “The Great Society.” He currently stars as a character named Bill in “Spider-Man: Brand New Day.”

He recently spent a Tuesday with The New York Times as he shopped for furniture in Hell’s Kitchen and danced through Chelsea. SUNNY BOTH

10:14 A.M. Mr. Tillman spotted a vintage Edison photograph from the early 1960s in Olds Good Things in Hell’s Kitchen. “Can I touch it?” he asked the shopkeeper. He wound it up, and a tinkling tone began to play.

He’s almost exclusively a window shopper, though occasionally something can feel to cry. “I’ve come to know that if you don’t look for it, it will find you,” he said. “So I keep an open mind.”

10:23 A.M. He loves visiting furniture-storm around Manhattan with his best friend, Chris. “We call it our suburban housewife moment,” he said. “I never wanted to be an interior decoration, but I love the imaginative part, just exploring.”

10:40 A.M. Some of Mr. Tillman’s first visits to the city’s best-known arts institutions were when he was a carer waiter for private events in the mid-2010s. “They close the exhibits, so you have to sneak a tour,” he said. He had long wanted to visit the Arts Museum, an immersive digital art space that opened in Chelsea last year.

He’s a regular in the Chelsea area — drawn, he said, to the “very queer-friendly spaces.” “I spent a lot of time going to the bars, many of which aren’t there anymore,” said Mr. Tillman, who last year became the first Black and first speedy gay actor to win an Emmy for best supporting actor in a drama series. “So it’s just nostalgia for me.”

11:07 A.M. Standing in the center of the Arte Museum’s waterfall room, the roar of rushing cascades surrounding him, Mr. Tillman looked up at the ceiling with childlike joy. In another room, he touched a field of flowers on a wall, and fireflies erupted. “This is amazing,” he said.

11:28 A.M. His favorite, though, was the tornado. “I could stay here all day,” he said, letting the colasms of air moving him.

12:07 P.M. He reveled in a walk past some of his old favorites at Chelsea Market, including the chicken-and-waffle spot Friedman’s and the soft-serve ice cream place Seed + Mill. But he wanted to try the Mexican seafood of Los Martesos. “I’m usually a meal guy, but I can’t even this fish,” he said, squeezing the juice of a lime over a pair of tacos.

Mr. Tillman used to dance in front of his Baptist church when he was growing up in Largo, Md., the youngest of five. As a boy, he said, this “was not something that was celebrated.” So now, to not only be known for his dance skills on “Severance,” but to have had them help him win an award in “like a dream,” he said.

Dancing, shopping and eating tacos are ways a menacing ‘Severance’ star lets loose offscreen.

The actor Tramell Tillman visited a few exhibits at the Arts Museum in Chelsea, top right and left. He also made a gelato stop, above, while in Chelsea and found time to people watch, center left. In Hell’s Kitchen, top left, Mr. Tillman browsed at a vintage shop.

12:21 P.M. As Mr. Tillman pored over the flavors at L’Arte del Gelato — “I always have pistachio,” he said, “so I need to mix it up” — the caskier eyed him. “I’m sorry, I don’t know who you are,” she said. “Maybe you’re like a basketball player or something?” “You’re funny,” he said, smiling.

12:43 P.M. Mr. Tillman is a long-walk enthusiast: the West Side to the East Side, the length of Central Park, Washington Heights down to Battery Park. “It’s nice to be able to shut my brain off a bit and just enjoy New York,” he said.

12:51 P.M. “I love to come here and just people watch,” Mr. Tillman said as he soaked in a gentle breeze blowing off the Hudson River at Little Island, the floating outdoor public park and performing arts space. “It both like a different part of New York. It’s my getaway when I can’t get away.”

1:01 P.M. He’s enjoying a bit of a break between wrapping production on his first movie musical, “Aren,” and preparing to begin shooting Season 3 of “Severance.” But though his projects have needed toward the screen in recent years, he’s a theatre kid at heart. “My dream would be to find a way to go back to Broadway,” he said. “I’ve been rebelion by the musical bag.”

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

MB 3

Metropolitan Diary

'Let's Go, Rangers!'

Gis in French

In spring 1974, my father and I were walking back to our car after attending a Rangers game at Madison Square Garden. We had a 60-minute drive home in Pinkhill ahead of us, and I planned to skip school the next day.

In the distance, we heard a woman's voice chanting, "Let's go, Rangers!"

As we got closer, the voice

began to sound familiar:

"Let's go, Rangers!"

From behind, I saw a small, compact figure yelling at the top of her tango: "Let's go, Rangers!"

Then she turned around.

"Me, Bachelor?" I showed.

It was my 10th-grade English teacher. I did not miss school the next day.

PETER CHARALD

Observations for this column may be sent to Metropolitan Diary at diary@nytimes.com or to The New York Times, 435 Eighth Avenue, New York, N.Y., 10019. Please include your name, mailing address and daytime telephone number. Substitutions become the property of The Times and cannot be returned. They may be edited, and may be republished and adapted in all media.

Mother Bucka's

DEAR SHARY

I was here and raised in Brooklyn. When I was I, my family moved into a two-family house in East Flatbush.

I became instant friends with the little girl who lived upstairs and was almost a year older than me. Her name was Ellen. We became insuperable.

Flash forward to when we were in our late teens. She met a guy who drove a taxi, and they became close very quickly.

In spring 1977, she and I took a weekend trip to Washington, D.C., traveling on a bus that left from outside Grand Central.

When we returned, her boyfriend, Bruce, came to pick us up along with a friend of his. The first thing we did was have ice cream in the guys' favorite place,

Mother Bucka's in the West Village.

The next day, I was told that the friend, Jay, had asked for my phone number. A couple of weeks later, he called me. The first thing I said was: "It's about time."

Flash forward again, and we're now two married couples. Unfortunately, about 25 years later I

became a widow. But Ellen has celebrated over 40 years of marriage then.

The best part about having a friend for over 60 years is all the reminiscing we still get to do about that wonderful trip to Mother Bucka's, and the life it created for us.

PAUL STUART

Beautiful Baritone

DEAR SHARY

My husband's job recently allowed us to live in Midtown Manhattan. While he went to work each morning, I worked from home and explored the city on foot.

On many days, as I stopped into the hallway, I heard the most beautiful baritone voice coming from a nearby apartment. I never saw the singer, but hearing him became one of the highlights of my marriage.

Once, as my husband and I were leaving for the Whitney Museum, our mysterious, meat cut neighbor stopped into the hallway at the same time.

I could not resist.

"Is it your voice I've been enjoying all these works?" I asked. He replied.

"I hope I haven't been bothering you," he replied.

"Quite the opposite," I said. "It's been a guy."

My husband asked if he sang

professionally.

"I'm singing Marcelle in 'La Bohème' at the 40th this month," he replied, as casually as if he were sitting in the worked down the block. Then he invited us to attend the next performance.

We gladly accepted.

That evening was unforgettable. It was my husband's first opera and my first since attending performances years earlier with my grandmother.

As the music filled the Metro-pollups Opera House, I thought of itch, in New York, the most extraordinary invitations can begin with a neighbor practicing behind a friend died.

MARIA E. MILLER

Rainy Night on the L

DEAR SHARY

I was on the L train heading to a friendly birthday party in Bushwick. It was a rainy night, and I was wearing an old disposable rain poncho that looked like a slice of watermelon.

"I like your poncho," the guy next to me said.

"Thanks," I replied.

"Hypertonically, how much would you sell it for?" he asked.

I wasn't planning on selling the poncho off my back, but I said, "I don't know, I've dollar?" I immediately regretted my football answer.

"I'll give you 10," he said.

I thought: This guy must be the

worst negotiator ever. But there I was, giving him the poncho and getting a crisp 600 bill in return.

"My best French name is 'Ma' someone," he said before getting off at the next stop. "She's going to love this."

I took the 150 and bought a chicken-speradilla.

JUDDY LEHNER

Precarious Parcel

DEAR SHARY

I was hiking through Midtown on a warm spring day. Next to me or a trip light was a man on a Citi Bike. He was carefully holding onto a full-size air-conditioner that was sitting on the bike's hauler.

A delivery worker on the bike sent to him at the light pulled out a bungee cord from his insulated bag.

"You can have this," the deliveryman said.

The light changed, and we all rode off.

BOB PRICE

READER COMMENTS

An camera red hat hanging out in Park Slope, Brooklyn, in June.

They Live All Around Us,

And They Eat Mosquitoes

Reader's regulation of systems.com to Lauren Rosenfeld's July 19 article on how hats have made New York City's green spaces their homes. Comments have been edited.

HERE IN WESTERN MARYLAND our hat species aren't facing as well as urban hats. The No. 1 reason is fewer insects — and the decline is striking. One small city observe the less of suburban farms (I live outside of Brunswick, a small city with exploding suburban spores) that are sterile and poisoned with chemicals. Habitat less and alteration kills the food chain.

FRANK BIVILE, KNOXVILLE, MD

AS A CHILD IN THE western suburbs of Philadelphia, watching lightning bugs and hats emerge at dusk was a reward as we sat on the patio to enjoy the evening. Later, as an adult, I spent time in New Slope, Pa., where small hats roasted in the shutters of my sister's farmhouse. They put on a show at night and I do not remember being bothered by mosquitoes at all. Now I live in West Philadelphia, and I cannot even go outside without spraying myself with DEEP, to avoid the clouds of mosquitoes that swarm at dusk. I need an urban hat renewal, and tips to get it going!

LEE BALDWIN, PHILADELPHIA

IT'S WONDERLY, TO AND JIGGY New York City kids learning about this is their backyard. Recording the calls of the hats is a fantastic citizen science/nature project thought up by some very creative students and their teachers! There's a stunningly beautiful section of Riverside Park at dusk when the fireflies (which appear much brighter as the city has) their forefronts upstairs (like many of the same from these little, silent era set hats can be seen filtering away overhead, seeing all the non-nonious bugs including mosquitoes (thus leaving the fireflies behind). This makes for a perfectly quiet and magical stroll in the summer evenings. No doubt the hats are hiding up in the dense vegetation/retaining

will choose to a famous local raccoon family) or the Amtrak service tunnels in the area. We should continue to conserve this at all costs.

LISA D. KUN, NEW YORK

THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA here in Gainesville has erected two hat houses on campus for their value in mosquito (and other insect pest) control. The nightly departure of the hat inhabitants from their lodgings in the early evening attracts large crowds when the weather permits. This is something that the parks department should consider erecting as a win-win for the city.

DR. ERNIE D. ROSE, SUPERFIELD, FLA.

BAYS ARE GREAT UNTIL they decide to meet in your house. The gaano and nesting noises can be a real nuisance. Since they are protected, it is illegal to harm them, and in the manner when they have their young there is nothing you can do that way. After that you can send the openings they are using and install one way takes to do them leave but not come back. And hope they don't find another way so!

PAIN WALLINGS, SOUTHERN PINE'S, N.C.

I WAS BORN IN EUROPE and I lived in Latin America for years and on the East Coast far a stretch. Therefore, I have known and seen hats, swallows and all other forms of fauna. When I lived in Italy, hats were everywhere, especially in the countryside, and we always knew that they are all insects that were either destructive or bothersome to people. So even though everyone always had some dislike for them, we get used to them and they became part of our life. Unfortunately, here in Southern California we have to look high and low to find hats, swallows and generally birds, other than sea gulls that are the trash-pickers of beaches. Swallows are only in San Juan Capistrano, and even there they're vanishing. So East Coasters enjoy hats, swallows, sparrows, hawks and eagles. They are a wonderful addition to your environment.

MARCO RUGGIERO, LOS ANGELES

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

AFFORDING NEW YORK

$110,000 A YEAR

Weinan Hu on the balcony of his studio apartment in Long Island City, Queens. He was born in China and conducts social development research at an international organization. His employer subsidizes about 10 percent of his rent.

Subway to Random Stops and an Airbus to China

By TROY CLOSSON

Weinan Hu enjoys what might sound like the ultimate professional perk. New Yorkers pay some of the country's highest taxes on their income, more than $12,000 on average per person between state and local governments. But Mr. Hu's income tax this year? Zero.

That's because Mr. Hu, 32, who was born in Guangzhou, China, conducts social development research at an international organization, where most employees are exempt from national income taxes or reimbursed for the cost. His gross and net income are one in the same; he earns roughly $110,000 after his insurance and pension contributions.

Mr. Hu became one of New York City's 3.1 million foreign-born residents nearly three years ago, after reassignment from a post in Bangkok in the summer of 2023. But he quickly ran into a hurdle: finding an apartment with no credit history, no tax returns and no one to co-sign a lease.

"It sounds very cool that you don't pay taxes," Mr. Hu said. "It also creates a lot of problems."

He discovered that many of his coworkers landed in a handful of priory residential development, including Stuyvesant Town. Yet renting there felt worlds apart from Thailand's capital city, where a luxury studio in a high-rise condo with a rooftop infinity pool and premium gym might run $600 per month.

So he found a studio in Long Island City, Queens, where he has in-unit laundry and bills asleep to the sound of waves hitting the shore near Hunters Point South. His employer subsidizes $700 of his $3,000 rent, and utilities and interest can about $100 monthly.

"It's much better value compared to renting in Manhattan," he said.

THE PARTICULARS

Name Weinan Hu

People in Household One

Where He Lives Long Island City, Queens

Occupation Global researcher

Saving for Tomorrow

A good deal of young adults in New York City don't know how to drive, and expect to remain renters for most of their lives. Not Mr. Hu.

He puts away $2,000 or so a month into a high-yield savings account, aspiring to buy a car. His rights are set on a Mazda C8-5. But he expects he'll need to pay upfront in cash, another consequence of lacking a credit or tax history — and it'll take about three more years to build up enough.

Eventually, he wants to own a lease. "I know most people in New York City don't care," he said. "But for me, it's very important."

Mr. Hu also supports his parents in their retirement, sending about $2,000 every three months. As their only child, he feels both a sense of guilt for living about 6,000 miles from home, and an obligation to pay them back for their sacrifices.

"People will say, 'Oh, you're single. You don't have a wife. You don't have kids,'" he said. "So all your money is yours."

Next I'm like, 'Excuse me, my parents are still alive.'"

In other ways, though, Mr. Hu fits the profile of an everyday bachelor: the rarely cooks meals at home. "My even is basically storage space."

Rather, he searches for affordable deals on Too Good To Go, a popular app where restaurants sell excess food at a discounted price. His No. 1 spot is Chinese Musician in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, which offers a three-course meal for $9.

Sometimes, Mr. Hu does the $16 toniestos rumen at Nishida Sho-ros on 4916 Street for lunch, or, $8 lunch-over rice meal he claims from the hotel truck in front of Bellevue Hospital or a hot dog for $5.20 from Gray's Papaya. He'll swing by the Dollar General in America to stock up on his favorite drink, Coca-Cola Orange Cream.

And he saves up for an upscale dining experience every couple of months. He recently toasted at the Michelle-marvel chef Daniel Boubet's breakdown. La Tête d'Or, where he spent roughly $300 and ordered what he called the standout filet mignon.

He sends his retired parents about $3,000 every three months.

The Lions Over the Knicks

For any sports ball, it's an incredible time to live in New York City.

But for Mr. Hu, ticket prices to one the Knicks play at Madison Square Garden felt "cubist-hit-off-putting" — and that was even before their championship run. So he started religiously following basketball at Columbia, going to games that often run $28 to $32 on the Sherenguide Heights campus.

Yankees games, where a 400-level seat might run $45, on a no, he opts to watch the Columbia Lions up close at Robertson Field in Inwood without charge.

He is willing to spend up to about $200 on some singular sports showdowns. He can still recall how Sultan Mbappe flew down the field at 16:01. Dr. Ibrahim during a Real Madrid match against Borussia Dortmund last summer.

Typically, though, he elects for low- or no-cost events like this spring's edition of the Madison Avenue Gallery Walk.

And he regularly joins free lectures at the Asia Society, where he has a complimentary membership through his employer, and at local universities like N.Y.U., where he's met the minds behind two of his favorite video games, The Elder Scrolls and Monument Valley.

A Sense of Wanderlust

Ever since Mr. Hu can recall, he's felt a magnetic pull to experience the world. And few things embody such a yearning as aviation.

He sometimes goes to Canada to watch planes land at Kennedy International Airport, studying the way pilots pull up the nose of their aircrafts and slew the descent before teaching down. He's even found others who share his passion on walks in the neighborhood.

And traveling draws him even closer to his hobby. He spent $4,400 on a trip to Guangzhou last June to fly for the first time in an Airbus A200, the only full-length double-deck aircraft in the world. Qatar Airways is one of the few airlines that still has an active fleet — so Mr. Hu arranged his trip by way of India.

"Some people treat it as bragging," he said. "But no, it's just to admire such an incredible machine that's very rare to be seen these days."

"It's a weird, niche hobby, but I'm happy spending my money on it."

As a young man living in his seventh country — after Belgium, China, Italy, Poland, Thailand and the United Kingdom — he appreciates that as "a foreigner in this city, you don't have to worry about whether you stand out."

He's solidified exploring from Crown Heights, Brooklyn, to Jackson Heights, Queens, taking the train to a random stop and popping into bedguns to chat up the owners. He considers Sisters Island — and its Chinese Scholar's Garden in Sting Harbor, where adult admission costs $5 — to be a hidden gem.

And when he boarded the U.S.A. Bataan during a post Fleet Week, he felt obliged to tell a Marine that he was Chinese. "He said: 'Oh, no worries at all. Everybody can be an American.'"

"To be honest, I still don't think it's a value option for the money," Mr. Hu said of New York City: "But there's something to unique, and I think it's that inclusiveness."

"You don't need to go to the world," he said. "The world comes to you."

From top: Mr. Hu at home; he often eats at inexpensive restaurants, and saves up for an upscale meal every couple of months; at home he has small models of aircrafts; sometimes he watches planes take off and land at Kennedy International Airport.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

MS 5

Restaurant Services Neighborhoods Many Changes

Cafe Magader has become an intertwined with the DNA of the East Village.

By BRIGGS ANDELSON

When Rivka Orlin and her brother Yosi Chayun opened Cafe Magader at 101 St. Marks Place, in 1963, she named it for their hometown on the Atlantic coast of Morocco.

Known as Ecussanis since the mid-20th century, the suspect was held in the Magader by 15th-century Portuguese conquerors. The word is believed to be a variation of an older Berber name meaning “coin-ice-burque.” By the 1960s, Magader had become a hebreeian steepley ground, and New York’s East Village had a similar diffuse magnetism when Orlin first arrived there, in the early 1980s.

"I loved this neighborhood from the beginning," she said.

10 course, that quality was nothing new. The East Village has long drawn artists, musicians, writers and activists. St. Marks Place, which runs from Third Avenue to Avenue A on the west side of Templeton Square Park, is no layered as any archaeological site.

Alexander Hamilton's widow, Betsy Schuyler Hamilton, lived at 1 St. Marks Place, in an elegant townhouse, between 1633 and 1841. Seven decades later and a black over, at No. 77, the Rottler-Ha leader Louis Troulky added a Russian-language tabloid in a basement office in the same building where, starting in the 1950s, the British American poet M. Auden rented an apartment for nearly 20 years. In 1946, Andy Rachel barely turned part of the Dem, an old Polish social club at No. 27, into a disco, with the Velvet Underground acting as the house band. Then there was Club 57, across Second Avenue, which was a favorite house of Jean-Michel Bougrain and Madonna in the early 1960s.

Around the time Cafe Magader opened — is a former Marc Krishna storefront set a couple of steps down from the subroads — most of the food you’d find in the East Village was Eastern European. Polish dance and Jewish girls were staples. Magader was believed to be the first North African restaurant in the neighborhood, and one of just a few in the city. "I cooled from memory of what my mother did in the kitchen at home," Orlin said. "I served leggings with labels ... [and] tagiors, chicken with preserved leaves, shakshaks, roll liver with charranata-sauce (yeast from herbs, similar to chloroform)]. I had harrout that I added to a lot of dishes. There were things people didn't know yet."

More than 40 years on, Cafe Magader still serves up many of those dishes and several charts to the diverse lot of diners who stream to for a late breakfast, lunch or dinner, filling the wooden hangarines and bright red chairs at the small tables or the blue stools at the ovens, small has. The two adjoining dining rooms are painted white, and handles of yellow and red coats are stuffed into colorful ceramic vases. A high shelf holds vividly painted tagiors, the Moroccan crockery and that holds the country's most characteristic dish in name.

On a wall in the smaller room, the family phones, including one of Orlits parents in the 1920s. Her mother, Ofst Chayun, wears a stylish flapper dress, and her father, Jacob,

Since 1963, a culinary

bridge has linked

Morocco and New York.

plays an end, a stripped instrument com-own in North Africa. No run a spicy shop in Magader, and the couple raised 12 children. In the 1930s, much of the family immigrated to Israel.

In 1961, Orlits's husband, Arógine Orlin, and Yosi opened the much-loved Café Orlin, one shattered, also on St. Marks Place. Rivka and Arógine lived first on Ninth Street and Avenue A with their two sons, then moved to First Street. Today their old-wit, Rafael Chayun, overseen the Cafe Magader campus in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Danny Orlin helps run the original Magader with his mother and his cousin Jacob Ahryan. (The cousins are also opening a bar across St. Marks Place in the fall.) Yosi, mostly retired, still comes in once in a while to taste root new recipes. There is a welcoming, light-belt family.

The sound system often plays R&B along with French character and North African tracks, and at night, the cafe is noisy with people exchanging New York's particular kind of urgent group. Magader usually order one of the tagiors: (my favorite is lunch with stewed protein and protein) or a bautilla, a Moroccan pastry with phylla

Above, opening night at Cafe Magader in 1963, with Rivka Orlin, owner, a co-owner. Top, system dishes and the restaurant's main dining room at

101 St. Marks Place.

dough encasing spiced shredded chicken, egg, onion and almonds. Malawach, a Yerexine flathered with hard-boiled eggs, appears on the weekend friends menu, and no does French toast made from bagarines, and Moroccan Benedict, which features a spicy tomato sauce. Adolf Mück has been the chef for decades.

There's also the Magader burger and fries, served with harrout-flavored ketchup, and a few Indian dishes, including yogurt-marinated chicken and roast, produced in a tandoori oven. "Indian food is a neighbor of

North African and Middle Eastern dishes," said Danny. It "They contain happily on the menu. I call it East Village Cuevas."

Cafe Magader's little cross-facing terrace is at its best on weekends during the warmer months, when St. Marks Place between First Avenue and Avenue A is closed to traffic for much of the day. On today's summer evenings, you can sit there and dry-in mint run a mini-a-day and nibble on faded or flathered or Moroccan crevies, made of with a few chowder-mugs bear casts its glow on paramee by. "If you live in the East Village, Magader becomes part of your life," said Fernando Casablanca, 28, an actor when here coming to the restaurant and he was in control at nearby New York University. One of the owners, Arindad Srinivas-Dadiy, 23, is the daughter of a performance artist who worked at Magader in 1963. Her mother "became friends with the family" she said. "I grew up coming here."

If today's East Village roam to fancy apartments and coffee shops, this stretch of St. Marks Place wears its gentrification lightly. The Holiday Cocktail Lounge, established in 1959, remains at No. 75. Legend has it that Keith Richards and the Ramones, and earlier, Frank Straete drank at the bar. Pan City Tattons, across the street from Cafe Magader, has been giving its raky trade since 1970. But Dr. Richard Magader that's perhaps swallowed the years best, offering and bargy on St. Marks Place, safe from the winds of this restless city.

Legionnaires' Disease Has Made a Home in the City

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

fecting military veterans who had gathered at Philadelphia's largest hotel in attend an American Legion convention in 1970.

The mysterious Legionnaires' disease—as the newspapers branded it, had seemingly come out of nowhere. For months, disease detectives searched for the cause, eventually landing on a previously unknown bacteria, which is federal microbiologist named Legionella.

When Legionella was discovered, public health authorities characterized it as a picky and extreme bacterium. It had actually studied discovery because it was sought to grow using laboratory techniques under which other bacteria thrived. Though it was found naturally in water and soil, it needed certain conditions to multiply in the numbers required to spread disease. It filled warm water, above 90 degrees, had iron or corrosion.

Federal scientists had a century ago saw evidence that the bacteria thrived in old plumbing systems and in their works, stagnant water that was a byproduct of large air-conditioning systems. In short, the bacteria liked cities.

New York today has everything Legionella needs to thrive and infect people using and corroded water pipes and a concentration of large water-borne buildings with complicated plumbing systems and central air-conditioning systems.

During the past decade, city officials responded with stringent testing and disinfectant requirements. The first 20 years of intense air large buildings, which are often implicated as the cause of outbreaks. But there is growing concern that the approach is one working, fumes experts and doctors suggest that the battle against Legionnaires' most go beyond air-conditioning systems that can open bacteria unless near been nothing and into the lungs of poorer by below 70% fumes, they say, should extend to plumbing systems.

While New York City has among the highest incidence of Legionnaires', the disease has been rising steadily across the United States. During the past 25 years, the rate of cases rose more than 20 per cent. The most justly are not linked to major outbreaks but involve single cases or just a few at a time. These sporadic infections can occur when

Legionella has obtained building plumbing systems or shower heads and other features.

Legionella can thrive in biofilm — a shiny layer of microorganisms, including bacteria, that coat the inside of water pipes and plumbing flintters. When water pressure changes rapidly, the biofilm can dislodge a service of Legionella, which causes a severe form of pneumonia.

Lots of things can cause such a change in water pressure, including occupying fire hydrants during a heat wave or that children can play, said Robert W. Bowcock, a senior water utility manager in California who is associated with the Alliance to Prevent Legionnaires' Disease, an advocacy group that draws support from manufacturers of cooling towers and other equipment. In large apartment buildings, changes in water-use patterns can disturb biofilm, he said.

In New York City, sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease are linked to building water systems. Those can occur when residents inhale bacteria-rich water droplets, including while observing, from time to time, the city's health department will urge residents of a building to stop using the power. While healthy people rarely fall ill, those who are older or have underlying health conditions are susceptible.

Still, the large-scale infection events tend to involve mist coming off outings.

In large buildings, central air-conditioning systems produce warm water, which is good to keep roofing fixtures known as cooling towers. Fans then across the water to cool it through evaporation. But those cooling towers, with their warm water, corroding metal and dimes, can incubate bacteria. The mist generated by the towers' fans can infect people blocks away.

"If you want to heat and forced Legionella, the No. 1 heat source is algae, and the air- and source is corrosion," said Micah Curtis, the sales director at a company that makes cooling towers.

Cooling towers have been implicated previously, including in the 2010 outbreak in the Bronx and last year's in Harlem.

New York City has almost 4,000 cooling towers, with about three-quarters of them in Manhattan. The health department has lagged their locations so that they can be

big, the city's health department tests for the Legionella bacteria, which causes the disease that has infected disease people in the city into summer. Christian Bressell, 87, above with her son, Mark Bressell, had concluded a book tour shortly before contracting Legionnaires'.

tested during outbreaks. The city also began requiring property owners to test them for Legionella, initially every 90 days. After last year's outbreak, that was shortened to 30 days.

But Dr. Michael Morse, who was then the acting city health commissioner, continued last year that even frequent testing will not extend all outbreaks, given how fast the bacteria multiply.

Last month, Christine Bressell, 87, collected the department on East Elizabetown, an architect and air consumer case, she had only played a role in a blockbuster exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the mannequin of the Statue of Liberty. She said just26 days of her a book tour.

Now, she could not get up from the floor. A diarrhoea found her there: the following day, July 2, and summoned an ambulance, according to her son.

That same day, a half mile away, on 88-year-old Air Force veteran and retired businessman, Robert Goldstein, developed a liver of 100 degrees. His wife insisted he go to the hospital.

Mr. Bressell said Mr. Goldstein became among the first victims of this summer's outbreak, successfully after more than two weeks in the hospital.

"It's something you don't see, an invisible moment, a cape that just went into the lungs and just took him away from me," Mr. Goldstein's widow, Ida Goldstein, said at a news conference.

The health department responded by testing more than 100 cooling towers from Central Park to the East River.

More than 70 tested positive upon initial screening, indicating the presence of Legionella DNA, regardless of whether the bacteria were dead or alive. The towers can stop apartment complexes, schools and houses, attend institutions, including the Guggenheim Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

"These results are all indicative of just how common Legionella is in our built environment," Dr. Alison Martin, the city's health commissioner.

He ordered cooling towers that tested positive in the initial screening to be drained and disinfected, rather than wait for confirmatory testing as it past out.

The city's response appears to have been effective. Most patients were diagnosed between July 2 and July 5, and a new case has not been reported since July 15.

For the health authorities, the issues in clear: Cooling towers are teeming with the bacteria.

They have yet to identify the outbreak's source. They will search for a match between the gaseous code of Legionella taken from patients and the samples taken from cooling towers.

But this kind of rapid response will not prevent all of the 2010s 1980s cases of Legionnaires' in New York City early year. While Centers for Disease Control and Prevention researchers in 2010 reviewed dozens of past outbreaks across North America, they concluded that cooling towers were responsible for about a quarter. People water caused more than half.

Dr. Michael Orlin, an infectious-disease doctor who treated Legionnaires' patients during the 2010 Bronx outbreak, said he believed that the present risk was from the water that came out of taps and showers.

"I never years, it had not been stressed for the health department to identify seven or eight buildings where several residents had come down with Legionnaires', with the bacteria found in worrisome quantities in the plumbing system.

"They keep focusing on the cooling towers," Dr. Orlin said. "They keep cleaning them, and yet it keeps occurring."

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2020

A Subway Diversion That Aims to Delight Riders

CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1

Transportation Authority, Then, Mr. Mullen enlisted the help of his friends and fellow transit enthusiasts to transform it into a place where busy New Yorkers would actually want to stop.

Edward Steed, a cartoonist whose work has been featured in The New Yorker, designed a whimsical mural of trains, buses and people to wrap around the newsstand. Comediases, writers and artists are creating travel guides to the city's 473 subway stations. Much will be handed out at the newsstand.

Mr. Mullen also plans to offer live entertainment, including puppet shows that will run between train arrivals and departures. He is building a space booth with a new pole that commuters can grab to find out "their inner train line." The picture will show a colored circle around them, which corresponds to a particular subway line and remain their "side" area.

Even in its unfinished state, the newsstand on the downtown platform for the R. D. F and M trains has housed with activity. Riders have come over to ask directions in their trains. A group of teenagers on showers zipped behind the counter and made themselves at home, persuading to hand Newport cigarettes.

The other day, five big round clocks were behind the counter, all displaying the same exact time. Below each clock was a yellow sticky note with the name of one of the city's five teenagers scrawled in red.

Marlene Kossan, 35, a software engineer, snapped to tell Mr. Mullen how much he liked the clocks.

"I thought it was funny," Mr. Kossan said afterward. "It's kind of a New York or anywhere kind of thing – that's all the time you need."

Mr. Mullen grew up in the coastal town of Scissors, Mass., and later studied film at Occidental College in California. He arrived in New York City in 2011 and worked as a

film and video editor. In his live time, he wrote and performed stand-up comedy.

But by 2018, Mr. Mullen was ready for a change. While reporting for jury duty one day, he looked around at all the different people in a Brooklyn courthouse and received how small his own world was. "I wanted to reach out to people in same way," he said. "I realized the closest thing to jury duty was the subway."

In Mr. Mullen made the subway his stage. He created Public Transport Magazine on a house picture and distributed it with guerrilla-style drops on train. It looked like a school project but was packed with a drive of talented comediases, writers, cartoonists and illustrators, including Jack Handey, an author and former writer for "Saturday Night Live," and David Cross, an actor and comedian.

As it gained a following, he met Erika Augustine, the executive director of the David Prize, in 2024. He applied for the prize, which awards a total of $1 million annually to five New Yorkers who are working to make the city a better place. Though Mr. Mullen did not win, he made an impression.

"His love for the transit system, I think, is so uniquely New York," Ms. Augustine said, adding that Mr. Mullen has inspired other strophangers to look past the usual gripes about train delays and cuts.

Last year, Mr. Mullen reached out to Ms. Augustine with his idea for a transit-focused newsstand. She contacted him with Barbara Anderson, the executive director of Art on the Ave NYC and a 2025 finalist for the David Prize.

Ms. Anderson's group has organized art exhibits in 104 vacant retail spaces around the city since 2020. Last year, the group converted a newsstand in the West Erie Street station in Manhattan into a sound booth where riders can drop by to sing, play the piano, D.J. and catch live performances.

On a Saturday in June, Mr. Mullen held up the keys to the newsstand for the first time outside the West Fourth Street station. "It

feels like I'm holding the smallest trophy," he said, before heading down the stairs to see what he had gotten himself into.

A few minutes later, he attached the newsstand to find Us Weekly and Cosmopolitan magazines from 2018 still sitting on the shelves and an unplugged Coca-Cola refrigerator in a corner. There was graffiti on several display cases and a thick coating of grime over everything.

"I feel like there's a lot of opportunity here, a lot of dirt and no rats that I can see," he said.

Mr. Mullen returned with cleaning supplies and friends to scrub the newsstand. They found a quarter and placed it on the counter. A man ran up, grabbed the quarter and jumped onto a train. "It was a hero," Mr. Mullen said. "He hopped on a getaway train."

The former newsstand was focused on those through an M.T.A. program starred in 2023 to activate former retail spaces in the subway with public art exhibits. Currently, there are 17 sites, including the newsstand.

The comedian and writer at Mullen, above right, found Us Weekly and Cosmopolitan magazines from 2018 still on the shelves when he first attached the newsstand on the downtown R. D. F. M platform of the West Fourth Street station, this project opens this weekend.

"I feel like there's a lot of opportunity here, a lot of dirt and no rats that I can see."

turned sound booth and another former retail unit that became a bologa for dinosaurs at the Grand Army Plaza station in Brooklyn.

Mr. Mullen received $10,000 in initial funding from the David Prize to develop and open his newsstand. He spent $4,200 on the moral, which included getting it made on vinyl. He plans to pay $100 each to other contributing artists and writers, including those creating the station guides.

Mr. Mullen, who works as a writer for a game show, has not paid himself. He said he saw the newsstand as a space where he could collaborate with more people. "The New York thing is being in company with people, being in community," he said. "And this is definitely an extension."

Mr. Mullen and his friends will take turns stuffing the newsstand from Friday to Sunday. He hopes to raise more money to keep the newsstand running for the next year.

Lily Crandall, 26, a textile artist, whose second to make the trading cards of subway workers and even has a personal connection – her great-grandfather was a convention worker on the Eighth Avenue line. "I love all of his ideas," she said of Mr. Mullen. "They're really fun to be a part of."

The other day, Harris Alterman, 16, and Dave Ross, 43, both comedias, were taking measurements at the newsstand. In June, they had made a vision of themselves putting up (like cisel temporary) rock ads in Brooklyn subway stations to speed the real ads that they said were annoying and ugly. After their video went viral, Mr. Ross posted on social media asking if anyone had access to a space in the subway. Mr. Mullen replied, "Wonder I do." Now, the newsstand will host a one-day installation of their fake rock ads on Aug. 6.

"I love how much art and music is in the city – and how much isn't in the enigma but the city suggests it anyway," Mr. Ross said. "There's a little scene for everything if you can find it."

He Sent a Dollar Bill to Mamdani. City Hall Sent It Back.

A Brooklyn artist says he had hoped the mayor would tape the bank note above his desk.

By AMBER BARRON

Steve Pikelsy, an artist who lives in Croton Heights, Brooklyn, won Mayor Zoltara Mamdani's $1 bill. "A good luck dollar," Mr. Pikelsy said, "can't of like what they have taped above the counter in a bologa."

It was an ordinary looking dollar. Mr. Pikelsy, who uses money as the cancer for some of his artworks, had put a Mamdani-style board on powdery-haired George Washington. He also wrote: "Good luck Mayor Mamdani!" In capital letters and using a computer-controlled drawing machine, sheed a roundish design that looks vaguely like a spider web.

The mayor's office sent the decorated dollar issue.

It told Mr. Pikelsy that the city's conflicts of interest low "does not permit him to accept this gift." The three-sentence letter thanked him for his generosity – and his letter was "unreliable."

He said that the idea that City Hall would not take it was "sort of refreshing after someone like Adams," a reference to Mr.

The New York Times

Mamdani's predecessor, Eric Adams, who was indicted on federal corruption charges that were later dropped at the behest of the Trump administration.

Mr. Pikelsy's assessment of the current mayor? "He's doing good so far," Mr. Pikelsy said, adding that Mr. Mamdani had not been his first choice in the Democratic primary last year but that he had voted for him in November. "I don't have any complaints," he said. "He's doing all the boring municipal government stuff, which, honestly, I think is the most important job of the mayor."

Mr. Pikelsy wanted something for his did-

The decorated bill that Steve Pikelsy sent to Mayor Zoltara Mamdani. The artist had also hoped to spend a little time to protest with the mayor.

lar: a little time with the mayor.

"The original game plan was, I send Mamdani the dollar, he'd love it, he'd tape it above his desk just like at a bologa, then he'd want to get lunch with me and then I'd sell him about my ideas about land-value taxation in New York."

This led to an economic tutorial from Mr. Pikelsy, who said he had been an economics major at Bard College, Class of 2011, and had worked as financial analyst and as a software engineer before turning to art. A land-value tax is a tax on the unimproved value of a property, so the owner of a vacant parcel would pay the same as the owner of a same-sized parcel with a superold.

With a land-value tax, he said, "you're creating incentives to build more housing, whereas when you have a property tax, if you build a bigger building with more units, your tax bill increases."

A spokeswoman for the mayor said that retraining money was the standard practice in the Mayor's Office of Correspondence. That said has received cash five times in Mr. Mamdani's severe months in office, she said, along with five checks and a gift card (in a doughnut store), that would be continued a donation, but the spokeswoman said no money or check had been included.

The letter that the mayor's office sent Mr. Pikelsy directed him to the New York City Conflicts of Interest Board's website. Conflicts Hitler, the executive director of the board, said that the conflict of interest law prohibited "it yields no cash from accepting compensation for performing their official duties" from any source except the city – and that accepting a $1 bill that said "Good luck Mayor Mamdani!" did not pass income.

"Under the circumstances on described," she said not by mind, the money is being given to the mayor for being mayor."

Writing and drawing on currency the way Mr. Pikelsy did does not appear to be illegal under federal law, unless it gets the legal status – or he did not see a dissent. Although the source after the i on a $1 bill would probably not be legal, even if the statement were obviously driven playfully and the artist did not try to pass off the result as a $100 bill.

Mr. Pikelsy said that money is not his only medium. He is one of four artists commissioned for an on-site and online exhibition by the Museum of the Moving Image in Austria, Geneva, and said his part of the work was the service starting up any $1 bills. Nor did he receive cash from the museum for his work.

"They sent a wire to my bank," he said.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026

NR 7

Aaron Kalamazoo (ภาพ) at Cynthia Tate (left) in 1946 (1946) (Photo)

The Work of Fostering Friendship in Lower Manhattan

Already a gathering spot, the 14th Street Y is committed to making tighter bonds.

By WINSOR BO

Thousands of New Yorkers come through the doors of this Jewish community centre in the East Village of Manhattan for its gym, classes and plays, but many don't stick around.

So the center has embarked on a big effort to get them to do just that.

The Sol Goldman YM-YWBA, which is known as the 14th Street Y, has spent tens of thousands of dollars to make itself more of a social gathering place in the aftermath of the coronavirus pandemic, which curtailed activities and endured so many.

In 2024, the 14th Street Y transformed its underused lobby into an inviting cafe and art gallery with 81 cups of coffee, comfortable seats and lush plants. Though it all ready offered paid classes to studying and painting, it recruited local community members to lead clubs that would be free and open to everyone.

Since then, the Y's Downtown Together clubs have hosted more than 420 people to connect over shared interests and passions: like cooking, knitting and movies. Some club members who have attended had not been in the community center for years, it ever.

Maribel Gomez, 60, a retired social worker who has occasionally used the gym, has now become a regular at the same club. 'If I wasn't here, I'd be home watching Netflix the whole day so it gets me out of the house — it gets me to meet people,' she said.

But this exercise in community building has also been a learning experience for the 14th Street Y. Several clubs, like the Mizzigan Licensing Party, never attracted much interest. A Spanish club faded away after no one stepped up to keep it going. Some clubs had to cancel meetings because of bad weather during the winter.

Other clubs brought people into the same room, but they have not fostered many close friendships outside of them meetings, at least not yet.

on a brimjet at VERNSON in April, Mr. Gomez joined 20 other people who stepped and turned as salsa music filled a dance studio at the community center.

'You got it,' Leonardo Sardella, the dance instructor, called out. When the song ended, he told them to relax and socialize at the salsa club.

'Sometimes in a class, people worry they need to count or learn the steps,' he said during the break. 'Here it's not like that. We do whatever we can do — it's really to have fun.'

Mr. Gomez, who has had knees, could not keep up and later out down against a wall. She was seen joined by other dancers. Mr. Gomez, a Cuban immigrant, spoke Spanish to a woman, Florina Chuy, whom she had met the month before. Ms. Chuy is also from Cuba, and they were still talking when the leader dropped it.

'We closed down the joint,' Mr. Gomez said as they walked out together.

The 14th Street Y is part of the Educational Alliance, a nonprofit that sees community-building 'in the USA of the organization,' said Rich Baum, its chief executive officer.

The alliance was founded in 1888 to create a settlement house on the Lower East Side to provide social services to impoverished Jewish immigrants. In the mid-1990s, it took over the 14th Street Y, which traced its roots to another settlement house from 1905.

The alliance spent about $50,000 to re-

Salsa, bridge, movies and more. At this Y, there's a tribe.

model the 14th Street Y's lobby into a 'third space' where people could gather outside of their home, work or school. 'They're just coming in and out when they could sing, sit down for a minute, have a cup of coffee or hang out before they go for a swim,' Mr. Baum said.

But just sharing space was not enough, Mr. Baum said, pointing out that people can sit together on a bench or shop in a grocery aisle without ever saying a word. 'If you look at New York City, it is a place where people, a lot of people, live side by side,' he said. 'But they don't really live together.'

So the next step was to give people something to connect over. Alexis Offitt, the 14th Street Y's executive director, and Julie Goyer-Kirk, its senior director of adult and wellness programs, emailed a list of ideas for clubs to thousands of local residents, asking them to check off the ones they were interested in, or to suggest their own. One woman lobbed for a bridge club and agreed to lead it.

They whittled down the ideas and introduced a half-dozen clubs, including bridge, at an open house in October 2024.

THE 14TH STREET Y'S ALUMI have become part of the city's 'social infrastructure,' like libraries, parks and playgrounds that can foster connections and strengthen communities, said Eric Klineeberg, a New York University sociology professor and author of 'Palaces for the People'.

'When we do things we enjoy together, regularly, with the same set of people, we start to develop friendships and a feeling of belonging and a sense of trust,' he said.

But in a recent report, Mr. Klineeberg found that such social infrastructure around the country is often insufficient, unferrhanded and undervalued. 'Our social infrastructure is falling apart,' he said, because 'a lot of communities don't have the resources it takes to do these kinds of things.'

The Educational Alliance initially started the clubs on a showering budget, but last year, it received a $25,000 grant from the Jewish Community Relations Council of New York. In January, the initiative was expanded to a dozen clubs.

The 14th Street Y has promoted the Downtown Together clubs through its newsletters and social media as well as by reaching out directly to community leaders and groups, including in ethnic and peer neighborhoods, to spread the word.

The clubs meet at least once a month and cover a wide range of interests, including books, French language, tai chi, bridge and

From top: Leonardo Sardella, emphasizing has ever learning steps in his class for the 14th Street Y's salsa club, the herbalist shorter fireworks leading a class; salsa students taking a break.

knitting and crochet. There is one group he moves balls and another for actors and playwrights. In the Bridge to Community Through Discussion club, people sit around a table and talk about life.

Herminia Coles, 54, was tasting herbal teas and chatting with new people one April evening at the What's Cooking club. 'Right now because of Coral, there's a lot of friction in how you approach people, whether you look at them or speak to them,' she said. 'It's sometimes hard to make connections.'

Mr. Coles said she didn't have to worry about that at the 14th Street Y. 'It feels like home,' she said. 'You're with family and friends.'

But others said that while they enjoyed going to the clubs, they were not hanging out together afterward and it was too early to know whether the 14th Street Y would succeed in becoming a gathering place for the community.

'I would love to see it happen,' said Judith Lukin, 81, after an April meeting of the Bridge to Community Through Discussion club. 'I'm just not sure they're going to get there.'

Still, Mr. Klineeberg said he saw the clubs as part of 'a continuum of connection.' 'We often talk as if the only thing that matters is forming deep friendships,' he said. 'But I think the reality is that, in a moment like this, the simple feeling of belonging is tremendously important.'

In June, all the club members were invited to a dinner in the lobby. About 80 people showed up, including Mr. Gomez, who said she was considering joining other clubs. 'Downtown Together' jams, slightly smaller than a quartet, were given out to wear.

Then, they sat down together and talked over placeholders, dumpings and pierogies. Afterward, they insisted the clubs that had brought them together with champagne and cake.

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8

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 2, 2026*

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