The New York Times International - 01.08.2026.pdf

极其艰巨 扎哈·哈迪德 杰作的曲线 第 14 页 / 周末

一位奢华 巨头 渴望 摆脱 他那 冷酷无情的 标签

第 18 页 | 时尚

周末

马可·鲁比奥： 委内瑞拉的 美国总督

第 6 页 / 世界

布鲁日的 波光粼粼的运河、 现代艺术与 巧克力

第 19 页 / 尝试

中亚的 女孩们正在 参与一项 艰苦的 马术 运动

第 3 页 | 世界

纽约时报

国际版 / 2026年8月1-2日，星期六-星期日

在法国，

一个 地狱般的 夏天

Madeleine Schwartz

观点

巴黎 今年夏天给法国带来了一种特殊的炼狱：不仅是数次气温高达 325 华氏度的热浪，还有干旱和猛烈的火灾，有些就发生在巴黎近郊。在我住的街道上，叶子已经变褐；原本必需的绿植现在看起来像燃烧的稻草。在全国各地，农民报告称作物在酷热条件下已经枯萎。

极端天气迫使这个国家陷入瘫痪状态。在波尔多附近，一场山火烧毁了约 100 平方英里；超过 220,000 人被疏散，几座核电站暂时关闭；部分行程被取消，因为主干道太靠近火场。巴黎的标志性景点如卢浮宫和埃菲尔铁塔因高温不得不提前关闭，导致市场及相关商家怨声载道。随着危机接踵而至，政府仅提供了敷衍的应对措施。

一些评论者认为，问题（至少在高温方面）在于法国所谓的对空调的过度抵制，且这种倾向源于文化。极右翼领导人玛丽娜·勒庞——其政党长期反对气候友好政策——宣布了一项将在全国范围内普及空调的计划。而像埃隆·马斯克这样的右翼外国人则对缺乏空调的情况表示不屑，并暗示如果居民简单地学会适应，一切都会好起来。但要为大众提供制冷方案并非易事，而这对于解决该国的问题也远远不够。随着今年夏天的酷暑和山火成为致命且周期性出现的现实，法国需要更加严肃地对待气候适应问题。

纽约时报发表来自广泛视角的观点文章，旨在促进关于重大问题的建设性辩论。

Dalal Hossain 在孟加拉国拉杰沙希的稻田里。由于作物没有获得充足的水分，他 6 月的收获仅够养活家人，没有任何可供出售的余粮。

开源人工智能模型

给北京带来 新风险

香港

中国希望技术能够惠及所有人，但安全性是一个重大顾虑

作者：DAVID PERKINS 和 BERRY WANG

中国将自己塑造为低成本、开源人工智能技术的倡导者，并表示该技术应在全球范围内广泛可用。随着特朗普政府在监管中国开源人工智能模型方面受挫，中国指责美国搞“人工智能霸权主义”。

与 ChatGPT 和 Claude 等封闭系统不同，开源模型可以由任何人下载、修改和运行，甚至可以删除安全防护措施。这种成本较低的开放方式，使得由阿里巴巴和初创公司 Monevita 等公司开发的中国人工智能系统赢得了数百万全球关注，包括 AirBnB 和 DataBank 等硅谷公司。

但这种帮助中国模型在海外赢得影响力的开放性，现在却引发了北京的担忧，尤其是关于安全以及技术可能对共产党角色构成的潜在威胁。在上个月的一次演讲中，中国最高领导人习近平表示，尽管中国支持人工智能的开放，但政府需要“不断完善措施，防止失控”。

党担心该技术可能被黑客、诈骗者、恐怖分子或其他试图对中国造成伤害的恶意行为者利用；模型可能会绕过严苛的审查过滤机制，导致官方政府指令无法在其他受控地区衡量中国系统。

随着强大的同质化人工智能系统的出现，北京或中国公司应对使用和修改中国模型的控制权在多大程度上（如果有的话）发挥作用，这一问题变得更加活跃。其中之一是 Monevita 上周向公众发布的 John Kit，它在某些任务上的表现与来自 OpenAI 和 Anthropic 等美国竞争对手的最佳模型一样好。这类模型可以帮助公司编写代码并提高网络安全，但也可以帮助黑客更快地发现并利用漏洞。

“中国共产党是一个——”中国版 第 4 页

农民渴求柴油

孟加拉国，拉杰沙里

霍尔穆兹海峡关闭 切断了亚洲稻田 灌溉所需的燃料

作者：PETER S. GOODMAN

三天时间里，他在数百名村民的拥挤中等待在加油站，气温升至 45 度，或者在旁遮普省的法萨拉巴德可能被夷为平地，灯火熄灭，吸引了警察进行婚礼课程。为了有机会购买柴油，达拉尔·霍塞因 (Dalal Hossain) 忍受了这一切。

他被对水稻植株的担忧所驱动，那是他绝大多数生计的来源。柴油最终由自行车载回家，装在由手工制作的简易容器中，用于驱动向他的田地抽取地下水的水泵。水泵已经空了。现在是三月下旬，孟加拉国西部的旱季，也是美国和以色列对伊朗发动战争一个月后。由于伊朗 12 南亚地区的航运停止，全球能源价格飙升。因此，柴油短缺，庄稼失去了水分。

六周以来，68 岁的霍塞因先生在加油站和田地之间往返，寻找水泵的补给。他像照顾患病孩子的父母一样检查他的水稻。叶子在向干裂的土壤低垂之前，已经变成了黄色。

他无法抵挡灾难。当他到六月收获水稻时，他将与家人分得比平时少四分之一的份额。这足以维持家庭生计，但让他没有任何东西可以出售。由于缺乏现金，他减少了肉类和鱼类的摄入。他报告称，他通过借款来购买种植蔬菜的种子。

战火肆虐，但富人们仍在狂欢

缅甸仰光的 Pioneer Plus 夜总会，去年圣诞节。内战已将该国一半以上的地区变为战场，但城市在很大程度上幸免于难。

缅甸派遣报道 WINGCH, JOHANNES

尽管冲突已持续多年， 缅甸的富人们仍坚持 “只要积极氛围”

作者：BARNAB BEECH

午夜过后，在战争之中，DJ 试图点燃人群。

“准备好狂欢了吗？”他在混音中大喊，并加入了一个爆炸音效以示强调。

在饱受战争蹂躏的缅甸，最顶级的夜总会 Pioneer Plus 的派对参与者们已经准备好了。毕竟，这位 DJ 远道而来自克罗地亚。年轻女性们传递着信息。Lifetime Walker 鞠躬，但只点 Rose Label，因为这些高净值人群就是这样消费的。一桌当晚的私人位——配有手册、进口水果和金字塔形的冰冻饮食杯——费用高达数百美元。

在洗手间里，以及在闪光灯闪烁间隙潜入舞池的瞬间，一些 Pioneer Plus 的常客吞下了淡色药片，这些药片让他们的呼吸间带着香草或葡萄糖果的味道。这些带有当地毒品辛迪加名称的苯丙胺和咖啡因浓缩制剂带来的快感，使心跳加速。

五年前，在军政府推翻了由多温·昂山（Dow Aung San Son Kit）领导的民选政府后，缅甸陷入了全面的内战，一个名为 downian 的六页小说，一对伴侣，一场持久的高潮。

在缅甸，没有人不受这场冲突的影响。这场冲突已将该国一半以上的地区变为战场，但城市在很大程度上幸免于难。目前，一半的人口陷入贫困。数十架战斗机和地雷给平民带来了灾难。征兵令适用于男女双方。缅甸政府再次成为国际弃儿，就像在之前的几十年军政府统治期间一样。

但即使在战争中，生活仍在继续。这种发作始于派对，以及他们的——

缅甸。第 3 页

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2 / 星期六，星期日，2026 年 8 月 1-2 日

纽约时报 国际版

第二页

来自伦敦的 Chapelle：1 月在仰光的 Pioneer Plus 夜总会狂欢；仰光街道两旁的广告牌；艺名为“小蜂蜜”的 glenshiner Yoon Lay；以及 Mt. Yoon Lay 播放他导演的亲军政府音乐视频。

当战争蹂躏国家时，富人们仍在派对狂欢

BYURBOK FROM HULY temptless in conspicuous.

西方政府对军事领导人及其商业伙伴——武器商、毒贩、自然资源大亨、中国企业的中间人——实施的国际制裁，可能暂停了他们在纽约、巴黎和伦敦的购物派对。然而，依然有迪拜、上海和上海。

Yoon Lay（艺名为“小蜂蜜”）是 Pioneer Plus 的常客，该店位于缅甸最大城市仰光的一个区。他说：“Chapell！” “Someone Who Was Unlucky to Love's,” 我不是一个 “Original Gangster,” “Underground!” 他在军方圈子中感受到了自己的明星影响力。他曾制作过一段音乐视频，赞美 12 Min Aung Hsiung，这位前军事首脑在五年前策划了政变，并在 6 日成为了缅甸总统。

Yoon Lay 在 Lee 的长夜总会里，两名经理和安保人员像缅甸谈话中的纯洁之物一样抚摸着他。这种接触并非为了作秀。一些公开与政权站在一起的名人，而非谴责军方杀害非武装抗议者，发现自己成了城市游击队的目标。2023, Mt. Yoon Lay 的一名熟人 Dow Lily Nsing Kyaw（一名与将军们社交的歌手）在仰光被一颗子弹击中头部身亡。几个月前，Mt. Yoon Lay 意外遭到一名持刀男子袭击但受伤。一年后，他的车内发生了一次剧烈爆炸。当时车内没有人。

“这些人，他们想证明如果你有名且与军方有联系，我们可以杀了你，”Mt. Yoon Lay 在最近的一个夜晚说道。“从外部看，人们没有意识到像我这样的人同样受到压迫。”

80 岁的 Mt. Yoon Lay 说，人们很容易忘记在他有生的这段时间里缅甸发生了多么大的变化。不到二十年前，几乎没有任何兴趣。在秘密状态下，Mt. Yoon Lay 听过 Eastern, Co.。他说，该国参与的边缘地带。但 2030s 年代经济和政治改革的到来，只要 2035 年的业务促成了一个半平民政府，似乎就以惊人的速度使国家现代化。Mt. Yoon Lay 饶舌地讲述了那个时代的担忧：“女孩、派对和整理东西。”

现在，他说，他的担忧变得实质化了。他出行随带保镖。他说，压力使得在蓝图夜总会放松变得至关重要。

“我们必须找到快乐的方法，”Mt. Yoon Lay 说。“为什么我们就不能爱我们所有的领导人，然后和平地生活呢？”

缅甸政府再次成为国际弃儿。

仰光曾在改革年代通过新建筑和投资机会广告以及商业奋斗阶层的涌现而繁荣，如今已在很大程度上恢复到一种衰败状态。

尽管如此，只要通过足够的掩盖或粉饰，至少对于特权阶层而言，仍可以假装这里不是政变前那个文盲之声。在由敏昂弘（Mt. Min Aung Hsiung）部分拥有的“仰光餐厅”（The Yangon Restaurant）里，重点在于提供欧洲风格的饮食，并配以鹅肝和鱼子酱。如果提前通知，甚至可以将非冷冻食品从新加坡空运而来。

在社交媒体账号上，38 岁的克里斯蒂娜·林（Christina Lim）女士和她的丈夫，30 岁的图·雷·乔·米（Thu Raye Kyaw Mee）先生，展示了他们在仰光的著名 Gleezyko，以及多年来在马夸（Makhwa）的 Chok Med 和中国的长城留下的足迹。那里有皮革和天鹅绒材质的空调软装，以及与三星（Samsung）、嘉士伯（Carlsberg）和当地游艇俱乐部等超过 200 个品牌的合作。在 YouTube、Facebook 和 Instagram 上（后两者在缅甸被正式禁止，需要使用 VPN 访问），这对夫妇通过婴儿性别揭晓视频（气球破裂后落下粉色亮片，预示是一个女孩）以及与敏昂弘家人共同出席的盛宴，获得了数百万次的浏览量。

“我们的内容，我们喜欢积极地探讨，只传递正能量，”林女士说。“你希望观众在看到一个令人兴奋的孩子时感到愉快。”（Mee）

政变发生后的日子里，林女士和许多缅甸讲英语的上流社会成员一样，在社交媒体上发布了这对夫妇加入和平游行的照片，以反对军事干预。全国数以百万计的人走上街头，支持被推翻的平民领导人昂山素季（Ms. Aung San Son Kyi）女士。

几周内，军方开始通过枪击杀害抗议者——以及恰好在附近的儿童——并囚禁异见人士。一支武装抵抗力量在缅甸边境地区的雨林中凝聚，在这一小块次大陆上，面对的是可能是致命的镇压。林女士在 Facebook 上发布照片，夫妇俩的手形成了代表抵抗的三指手势，并纪念“那些永远无法回家的烈士”。

随后，这对夫妇在 2023 年初低调行事，这是缅甸新战争历史以来的首次尝试。林女士和图·雷·乔·米先生穿着配套的服装庆祝结婚纪念日。此后数年，那些家庭在农村城市积累财富的过去，已经将政治抛诸脑后，转而追求豪车、名表和美国亲属的枪械。他们在城里最好的法国餐厅享用最顶级的美食。他们将大量注意力倾注在一个名为“蓝色”（Blue）的法国建筑以及他们的两个孩子身上。

“我觉得发生的事情已经发生了，”林女士在提到政变及其暴力后果时说道，她承认“这里很暗”——但她将其归因于长期的电力短缺。

“与此同时，”她补充道，“人们依然在正常工作，正常上学。”

Yoon Lay 表示：“我们一直致力于缓解缅甸富人的选择。在孟巴凯（Mombakay）这个该国第二大城市，曾经在这里贸易珠宝和其他宝石的中国商人几乎全部消失。偶尔，手工制作的兜帽会成为军官的目标。”

尽管如此，演员、歌手和社会影响力者、被更广泛地称为“Sweet”的孙幼蓝（Ms. Sun Yew Blue）女士表示，她曾有兴趣逃离缅甸，她的家庭在那里经营黄金业务。她说，许多朋友在海外获得了更安全的生活，但她被这里繁忙的印度尼西亚风格建筑和金色佛塔所吸引。

“宝贝，我们得寻找乐趣，”孙幼蓝女士说，“只要我们能感受到我们想留在我们热爱的这个国家。”

旅程计划太复杂？试试运送 30 头白鲸。

“前所未有的救援需要协调、许可和警察护送”

作者：RERRY TUNEN

运送一头白鲸绝非易事。

首先，你得找到一架能容纳白鲸的货机，且每头雌性白鲸至少需要一名（有时是更多名）护理员陪同。

然后，还需要根据白鲸的尺寸和重量定制底座和带有辐射衬里的容器底座，且容量要足够大，以便装下白鲸及其休息的担架。

此外，还需要考虑将白鲸从住所吊装至运输线的起重机类型，以及随后将其运往机场的等待车辆。

现在，请将上述过程重复 30 次。美国和西班牙各地的水族馆正致力于从加拿大一家倒闭的水族馆接收这 30 头白鲸。

上周，首批转运航班将 6 头白鲸运离加拿大——首先前往芝加哥的谢德水族馆（Shedd Aquarium），两头前往圣安东尼奥的海世界（ScaWorld San Antonio）——预计还将有 24 头在未来几周内被运送。

亚特兰大的乔治亚水族馆（Georgia Aquarium）、圣迭戈的海世界（Sea-World San Diego）以及西班牙的瓦伦西亚海洋馆（Oceanogride Valencia）也将接收白鲸。康涅狄格州的迈特尔水族馆（Myrtle Aquarium）正协助此次运输。

动物园和水族馆协会（Association of Zens and Aquariums）主席兼首席执行官丹·艾伦（Dan Allen）称此次救援是“前所未有”的。

“这类救援与其他救援类似，即动物可能处于危险境地并需要专业护理，”他说道。“但 30 头白鲸？我还没有听说过如此规模的行动。”

这些动物从未离开过该水族馆的核心工作人员，其中一些人已与这些动物共事数十年。

转运计划始于

左图：上周抵达芝加哥谢德水族馆的一头白鲸；上图：肖特·亨德里克斯（Short Hendricks）在水族馆与一头白鲸在一起。这些动物是从安大略省尼亚加拉大瀑布的一个名为 Marienland 的水上公园运送过来的，该公园于 2024 年对公众关闭。

1 月，当时来自美国设施的国际和海洋突变专家访问了 Marienland 进行评估。

海世界公园与娱乐公司（Sea-World Parks and Entertainment）保护与动物健康副总裁内特·布贝克（Nate Bubeck）表示，尽管设施陈旧，但发现白鲸健康状况良好。这些白鲸的年龄在 6 到 18, 岁之间，体重从 1,000 磅到 3,000 磅（455 到 1,000 公斤）不等，长度从 12 英尺到 16 英尺（四到五米）不等。

来自参与水族馆的专家组与 Marienland 的工作人员协作，以了解白鲸的情况——包括它们的医疗史、性格和社交目标——并研究它们将如何与水族馆现有的白鲸相处。

预订一次特许航班——卡塔尔航空的一架波音 777 货机——花费了数周时间。“你不能直接上网站选一条路线，”布贝克博士指出。

这些卡车被用于将 6 头白鲸往返于机场。在获得许可后，同一组专家在计划出发的一周前返回，并带上了所有必要设备。

随后，所有环节必须精确计时，以尽量减少对白鲸的干扰。在 Marienland，约有 8 到 10 人在水中协助将它们引导至担架上。

然后，白鲸被起重机吊起，放入安全的运输箱中，并被注射了抗焦虑药物以应对接下来的旅程。所有白鲸装载完毕后，警察护送它们及其人类救援者前往机场。

工作人员监测水温以及白鲸的呼吸和皮肤状况，不断向它们浇水，以确保它们保持湿润和冰冷。

“它们大部分时间漂浮在水中，担架也漂浮在水中，有时它们会移位，”布贝克博士说。“你必须亲身地过去，稍微调整一下，让它们重新回到位置，从而感觉更舒适。”

在芝加哥，海关人员登机申报设备和动物，并检查人类护理人员的情况。首批抵达芝加哥的白鲸被卸载，另外两头白鲸则继续前往圣安东尼奥。

从 Marienland 到圣安东尼奥，整个过程大约耗时 10 小时。

“为什么不对白鲸感到好奇？”谢德水族馆（Shedd Aquarium）动物行为与训练主管查理·雅各布森（Charlie Jacobson）问道，他将白鲸描述为感觉“像热狗和非正式低音的结合体”。

这并非三家机构首次在救援任务中合作。这些团队在 2024 年曾将两头白鲸从乌克兰的哈尔科夫转移到瓦伦西亚的水族馆。

一系列情况促成了这些救援行动。

曾经热门的旅游目的地 Marienland 请求联邦政府提供资金援助，并获准将动物移交给一条通往中国的路径。加拿大最初拒绝了这一请求，直到 Marienland 威胁要将这些鲸鱼安乐死。

政府在 1 月份批准将其转移至美国，在 6 月份批准转移至西班牙。

加拿大在 2019. 年禁止为了娱乐目的而饲养圈养鲸鱼和海豚。加拿大动物法律组织 Animal Justice 的法律倡导主管弗鲁伊迪蒂·米切尔（fluidity Mitchell）表示，没有理由让前一家检疫所成为最后一个在微小节点中遭受痛苦的场所。

该组织原本希望 Marienland 能将部分白鲸转移到加拿大一个仍在建设中的保护区。

她说，“最不坏的选项”是将它们转移到美国，因为两地都有限制进一步繁殖的条件，但这似乎并非一个声誉问题。

她说：“这是将一个存在于加拿大的问题，允许该问题在另一个司法管辖区继续存在。”

谢德水族馆公共关系主管凯莉·加拉斯尼（Kayley Galassini）表示，繁殖并非水族馆的重点。

她说：“目前，我们的全部重心是帮助获救的白鲸安全安顿。”

Marienland 未对此置评请求做出回应。

目前尚不清楚救援费用具体是多少，但阿德勒（Adler）先生表示，Marienland、加拿大政府和接收水族馆将共同分担费用。

ScaWorld San Antonio 预计将接收另外 15 头白鲸，救援总数将达到 15 头。谢德水族馆将接收共 10 头。ScaWorld San Diego 预计接收 3 头，乔治亚水族馆将接收 2 头。欧洲最大的水族馆——瓦伦西亚 Oceanogride 在获得许可后将接收 2 头。

随着新成员的加入，谢德水族馆的白鲸总数将增加到 16. 头。水族馆表示，在 3 个中型区域中，30 英尺深的栖息地可以容纳它们全部成员。

到目前为止，新抵达的白鲸 Azedia、Libano、Osiris 和 Sierra 在谢德水族馆状况良好。

雅各布森先生说：“它们一直在不停地互相摩擦，彼此建立联系。我们看到了很多积极的信号，这让我们对它们在这里的状况和进展保持谨慎乐观。”

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纽约时报 国际版

星期六-星期日，AUGUST 1- 2, 2026 / 3

国际

无人机与机器人战争的拥护者

乌克兰，基辅

乌克兰前国防部长仍坚信技术密集型战略

作者：安德鲁·L·克诺尔 (ANDREW L. KNAUER)

如果有一群人乐于让人工智能接管他们的工作，那一定是乌克兰士兵。

首先，正如基辅一家规模相当的店铺所增加的，有人试图在街上给他们拍照，而最近被解职的乌克兰国防部长米哈伊洛·费多罗夫 (Mykhade Fedorov) 也在其中。

士兵们封锁了现场并向相机竖起大拇指——仿佛费多罗夫先生不在政府办公室的中心一样——而这位前乌克兰法律月刊在最高标准下揭露了门户，即便战争正向该国倾斜。

在周四的一次采访中，费多罗夫先生谈到了他的姐夫、他在战场上看到的革命，以及他儿子在乌克兰政坛的未来，而他作为机器人战争邮件的职责使他成为了一个关键线索。

“我绝对认为，只要有可能，就应该由机器人和无人机进行战斗，”他说。“这就是我们挽救士兵生命的方式。”在他看来，在新时代的战争中，只有配备了廉价、智能且可操纵武器的军队才能生存。

在担任国防部长的六个月里，费多罗夫先生推广了这一哲学，帮助扭转了对抗俄罗斯战争的局势，并使其个人受欢迎程度提升。

但他的方法导致了与军方和武器工业建制人物的冲突。在伊夫列夫·佐洛特塞夫 (Yveliylyev Zolotsev) 的主持下，首先解雇了费多罗夫先生，随后在抗议之后，解雇了与其共同领导的最高将领。

在被高层排挤后，费多罗夫先生承认，为了会见部门官员，警察处于国防承包商之中，他所厌恶的行政部门进行了测试，导致了一次接触性的动荡。

据乌克兰律师称，此次解雇也有政治原因，他们认为费多罗夫先生可能对佐洛特塞夫先生在美国的未来构成威胁。在巴基斯坦出生的人发起的街头抗议和军队部分人员发出的强烈无人机信号，增加了出现俄罗斯式微型权力中心的可能性：总统和前国防部队。

在采访中，费多罗夫先生表示，在战争期间他不会在政治上反对佐洛特塞夫先生，也不会与那些建议将其作为国防部长的示威者在街头会面。但他表示，除非被调回国防部长，否则他不会回到佐洛特塞夫先生的政府中。

“我不希望这种情况人为地引发内部政治，”费多罗夫先生说。他在佐洛特塞夫先生的政府中工作了七年，最初担任数字事务部长。他补充说，他从未想过成为一名“政治人物”，并拒绝讨论与总统关于解雇理由的私人谈话。

不过，他确实表示，国防承包商的游说者一直在积极鼓动将其撤职。“这源于与一些将军和男爵之间关于战争战略的斗争，同时也涉及两个首都，”他说。

接下来，他说，抗议者与总统之间的“黄金”焦点不在于他自己的工作，而在于战争战略。

在城市一个晶莹剔透的夏季早晨，一边喝着咖啡，费多罗夫先生描述了旧卫兵与现在的国防之争，及其对国防的颠覆性影响。

他说，战争正朝着“前线的殖民化”和无人机远程操控方向发展，这将使士兵脱离危险。下一个阶段将是自主系统攻击目标，演变为“由人工智能驱动的自主无人机与自主无人机之间的战斗”。

费多罗夫先生表示，他的被解职可能

但也不会停止对军事规划和武器采购的彻底改革，称其已推进到无法逆转的程度。

根据费多罗夫先生的说法，乌克兰的袭击造成了俄罗斯前线士兵约 10 percent 的伤亡，其效能超过了迫击炮、榴弹炮、坦克以及所有其他常规武器的总和。

而且乌克兰仍在尝试新工具。在他的手机上，费多罗夫先生展示了一个组织研发的机器人——一个自主引导的、配备枪械的机器人萨提尔（satcyrk）。在视频中，该设备以极快的速度在踏板和灌溉渠上跳跃，就像 10-ningway (1948) 那样。

他说，他对步兵突击战术的批评并非针对处于大使角色中的士兵。“乌克兰人离这个世界最近。这就是为什么我们需要保护这些勇敢的人。”

费多罗夫先生在军中的支持并不是一个严肃的大众群体，大多数无意之举都与战壕战斗的残酷现实在财务上相冲突。资深将领称他的想法可怕且天真；当费多罗夫先生的一名助手因步兵部队和装甲车的损失而批评一次突击时，该部队建议如果该助手更懂行，就应该亲自尝试一次突击。

其他服役人员表达了支持，至少一名空军军官辞职以抗议费多罗夫先生被解雇。在近几周的采访中，半打基层士兵明确支持他推动技术创新以减少前线人数的举措。

他说，担任部长期间，费多罗夫先生调整了采购预算以匹配其优先级。“无人机和其他技术武器的支出从 60 percent 增加到军事武器采购预算的 90 percent。”他提出了一项允许士兵从类似亚马逊的网站购买自己武器的计划，这在军队中很受欢迎，但使国防承包商传统的基于游说的业务模式被排除在外。

除了提到机器人量程供应商、美国-millimeter 炮弹供应商，以及一个想要主导一项 1,015 million 坦克维修合同的欧洲国家（显然是为了将业务追溯至 292）之外，他拒绝点名具体失去业务并游说罢免他的承包商。

他认为，这些炮弹是大多数北约作战的主力，且乌克兰确实需要，但战场已经从两条战壕线变成了某种新形态。目前的分析将前线描述为防御控制的重叠区域，无论哪一方军队，无论是在掩体中还是在车辆中，在不断扩张的无人机面前都处于危险之中。

在军队士兵看来，整个前线的宽度超过了标准 316-millimeter 炮弹和坦克炮的有效射程，约为 28 英里（29 公里）。费多罗夫先生表示，这些合同将被改为以无人机为中心的战略。

费多罗夫先生说，如果他转入私营部门，他会选择一份从事日益增长的军事技术合同的工作，例如 lore's，或者在乌克兰测试中的廉价数量 A2 武器。

有人指责 Mykhade Fedorov 及其团队脱离了战壕作战的残酷现实。

他说，那种通常针对没有无线电连接目标的无人机武器已经在被俄罗斯占领的 Urtines 的袭击中进行了测试，但尚未量产。

无论是否回到乌克兰政府，Fedorov 先生表示，他将继续倡导在战斗中部署机器人系统。他说，大多数熟悉的步兵可以用传感器、自动炮塔上的机枪和无人机来取代。

他推动将人类从武器中移除的努力，与红十字国际委员会及其他支持人类在诠释《康威公约》（Conway Commission）及其他规范战斗中合法击杀对象的战争法规中发挥作用的团体产生了分歧。

但他的立场在乌克兰内部证明是受欢迎的。根据乌克兰民调机构 Racing Group 本月进行的一项调查，12 percent 的乌克兰受访者表示他们支持解雇 Fedorov 先生。另一场抗议活动计划于周五在基辅市中心举行。

Fedorov 先生说，他不会驱散示威者，但也不会阻止他们公开批评政府——这与当前的总体战争状态形成了鲜明对比，在这种状态下，官员们号召将国家统一置于一切之上。

相反，他称这些抗议是一个积极的信号，称它们展示了“战争期间的俄罗斯与俄罗斯民主的人质状态”。

Yuri Shivoda, Eveline Roderick 和 Natalie Poonukhov 提供了来自乌克兰利沃夫（Live）和基辅（Kyo）的报道。

女子马球队打破传统，但保留了躯壳

ASHLISSAH, KYRISTZYAN

越来越多女性开始关注吉尔吉斯斯坦国球 kok-boru

作者：ALEXANDER M. THOMPSON

在吉尔吉斯斯坦一个泥泞的场地上，八名青少年骑在马上，来回奔跑，进行着一种被称为 kok-boro 的中亚版马球。但他们没有使用球杆，而是用双手，而球则是一只没有头的死山羊。

16 岁的 Boginai Rukirera 疾驰而前，试图将山羊尸体抱住，而尸体正缓慢地从她的马腹侧滑落。两名男孩在她两侧骑行，大声叫喊并试图抢夺山羊。随着骑手和马匹全速冲来，场边的观众四散而逃。

这场比赛在 Auzhshuk 举行，这是吉尔吉斯斯坦天山山脉附近一个拥有几百栋木屋和土屋的小村庄，而 kok-boro 在这里是国球。这场已经延续数百年的比赛几乎完全由男性参与。而这些青少年中人数最多的群体，组成了吉尔吉斯斯坦第一个女性 kok-boru 队。

“每个女孩都有自己的热情，”Boginai 说道，她的短发使其在赛场的一众平头中显得特立独行。她说，当人们告诉她 kok-boru “不适合女性”时，她会告诉他们，“只要具备技巧和欲望，kok-boru 对她来说同样适用。”她说：“我希望你们这一辈的父母能让她们的女儿参与其中。”

尽管网络上对吉尔吉斯斯坦的评论不尽乐观，但仍有少量且日益增加的女性和女孩投身于这项激烈粗犷的运动。

左上图，Boginai Rukirera 抱着山羊尸体；右图，在吉尔吉斯斯坦 Auzhshuk 村的一场 kok-boru 比赛中。右上图，Atsolna Birnokulova 骑在她的雄马之上。这项激烈粗犷的运动已延续数百年，几乎完全由男性参与。“我希望更多父母能让她们的女儿参与其中，”Boginai 说道。

Kok-boro 在吉尔吉斯语中意为“灰狼”，起源于牧羊人用狼尸进行的比赛。后来被更换成了山羊。

kok-boru 的变体在整个中亚地区都有分布，但在吉尔吉斯斯坦北部，它通常由两组各四人的骑手组成，他们竞争将山羊尸体从地面或对方手中抢走，并将其扔进场地两端的大盆中。这项运动对骑手和马匹都非常艰苦，马匹在高速行驶时可能会受伤。去年，吉尔吉斯斯坦有两名男子在比赛中死亡。

自 1991 年苏联解体以来，吉尔吉斯斯坦一直试图恢复传统体育，以增强此类学科的民族认同感。比什凯克中亚美国大学的社会科学家 Elissa Mitchumova 曾撰文探讨该国传统体育中的性别角色，她认为 kok-boru 便是其中之一。

但 Yveliyya Mitchumova 表示，组建女性 kok-boru 队“并非”是对传统的背离，因为骑马的女性在吉尔吉斯社会的现实与传说中一直扮演着重要角色。

Boginai 是家中兄弟姐妹中的第四个——她有五个姐妹和一个哥哥。她从小就开始骑马。在观看了哥哥参加的几场比赛后，她开始对 kok-boru 产生浓厚兴趣。

她开始跟随父亲 Rukirchei Birnokulova 训练，后者从事养马业并曾参加过 kok-boro 比赛。

这项运动最困难的部分是骑手必须从马上向下弯腰（通常在高速行驶中），以便从地面抢夺山羊尸体，然后将自己和沉重的尸体重新拉回马鞍。

每天，Birnokulova 先生和他的女儿会往返于附近村庄，路程约 3 英里（5 公里）。一路上，Boginai 会练习从马上向下弯腰，将汽车轮胎抓起并拉回马鞍，一次又一次。

通过“尝试与泪水”，Boginai

左上图，博吉奈·鲁基雷拉（Boginai Rukirera）抱着山羊尸体；右上图，在吉尔吉斯斯坦奥日舒克村（Auzhshuk）进行的一场 kok-boro 比赛期间。右上图，阿措尔纳·比尔诺库洛娃（Atsolna Birnokulova）在她的雄马中退休。这项粗犷激烈的运动已流行数百年，几乎完全由男性参与。“我希望更多父母能让她们的女儿参与其中，”博吉奈说道。

说道，她最终 mammed 了它。安全担忧是真实存在的。博吉奈在二月份从马背上摔下并导致手臂骨折。

“在 A2 上，不行，”博吉奈的雄马，诺尔加特·奥斯莫诺娃（Norgat Osmonova）笑着谈到 kok-boro 时说道。“我之前不允许，现在依然不允许。那是她们的父亲。”

最困难的部分是俯身足够低，以便从地面上抓起山羊尸体。

尽管如此，去年早些时候，博吉奈开始与她的哥哥参加非正式比赛。她开始获胜。

二月份，在她在 Instagram 上赢得 kok-boro 比赛的视频走红后，博吉奈意识到在吉尔吉斯斯坦周围有几个女孩也在悄悄地进行 kok-boro 运动。她决定将她们聚集在一起。

博吉奈、她的两个姐妹以及来自当地地区的另外三名女孩于去年三月首次共同参赛。这件事传开了。她们决定拥有一本书。

“我们变得像姐妹一样，”17 岁的阿措尔纳·比尔诺库洛娃说，她笑起来很随和，且具有竞争意识，在听说这个团队之前，她在另一个村庄自学了 kok-boro。

博吉奈表示，在过去的一年里，该团队已经与男孩队伍交手了十几次。

阿措尔纳说，女性参赛是因为她们热爱挑战，并且在击败男孩时，喜欢“让男孩们呆在这里！”

但招募人员很困难。博吉奈说，只有 5 个女孩会玩 kok-boro 或骑术足够熟练，而且成员的父母往往居住得太远。许多其他人想加入，但父母不允许，因为他们认为这太危险，或者不适合女孩。

三月初的一个凉爽下午，就在博吉奈的哥哥纳拉斯坦在自家庭院中完成山羊的斩首、去内脏和缝合工作后不久。团队成员们向村边地带的比赛场地出发。

很快，周围村庄里每一个拥有马的青少年男孩似乎都发现了 kok-boro 的动态，并且在男孩们的注视下进行了。在第一场比赛中，博吉奈率先抓到山羊，并在村里代替常规得分区域的泥土地上完成了一次得分。但即便博吉奈在山峦般的对抗中努力寻找路径，她也无法靠近足够地。

“为什么不为了我而努力？”她的父亲大喊道，“冲上去。”

女孩们在第一场比赛中以 6-2 输掉了，但在第二场中获胜，因为博吉奈在拥挤的碰撞中挤出一条路，两次将尸体丢在标记点上，引发了人群的欢呼。

女孩们关于该团队的 Instagram 帖子获得了支持和大量关注，但也带来了潮水般的批评，尤其是那些认为女性应该留在家里的人。

“每当我们公开亮相，那些批评总是如影随形，但我们也得到了关注，”成员之一的舒拉·基罗娃说。

博吉奈和她的姐妹们说，她们在比赛期间常感到沮丧且难以摆脱。

“因为这些刻薄的话，”博吉奈说，“我真的感到陷入了抑郁，无法从中走出来。只有当我出去，女性队友要求我为了那个而去做时，我才好起来。”

回到场上，天色渐晚。很快，家里将把这具经过彻底处理的山羊尸体放在大锅中，在明火上烹煮，并配以棉花和木材（注：此处原文疑似OCR错误）。

但博吉奈还没准备好停止。“再玩一次吧，”她不依不挠地说，“我想成为一个出色的人。”其他女孩已经筋疲力尽，但仍有足够的男孩留在场上。

“她才刚开始发力，”她的父亲说，“她很难被击败。”

---

4 / 周六，周日，2026 年 8 月 1-2 日

纽约时报 国际版

世界

周一，一艘完整的船只驶向红海。随着霍尔穆兹海峡的局势，海上的任何骚乱都会使沙特阿拉伯在出口石油方面的选择变得有限。

红海新联盟

沙特阿拉伯，利雅得

由于胡塞武装在水域袭击船只，沙特阿拉伯提议成立该组织

ED TUTLAL KHALIDIN 与 MICHAEL D. SHILAM

据沙特国防部称，沙特阿拉伯正在组建一个军事联盟，以保护红海的航运免受也门民兵的袭击，该水域是沙特石油出口的关键路线，且进一步威胁全球经济。

该王国已联系了约 50 个国家，邀请其加入这一新联盟。目前该联盟正在推进，并试图在中国控制之内的资本化国家尽快达成一致，相关人员在简报中介绍了此次行动。他们是在要求不透露身份以避免敏感疾病（注：此处原文为 disease sensitive diseases，疑为 OCR 错误）的条件下发表的言论。

沙特国防部表示，在周四于沙特首都利雅得举行的一次会议后，包括土耳其、埃及、巴基斯坦、尼日利亚以及其他几个阿拉伯和非洲国家在内的 14 个国家表示支持该联盟。

沙特阿拉伯还邀请欧洲国家加入这个新联盟，包括美国在内。一名外交官表示，西方官员在更清楚地了解成员资格的含义并有时间与各自首都磋商之前，对加入持谨慎态度。一名驻沙特阿拉伯的外交官暗示，预计此前运输和订单的数量将会增加。

沙特国防部称，新联盟将是“持续努力的一部分，旨在加强海事安全，保护国际海运国家，并应对威胁海事安全和全球贸易的威胁”。目前尚不清楚该新联盟与目前欧盟旨在保护红海航运的名为“public”（注：原文如此）的行动有何不同。

根据 14 个同意参与国家的计划声明，该联盟将总部设在沙特阿拉伯，成员国将参与情报共享、训练演习和海事行动。声明称，此次行动是“部分防御性的，不针对任何特定国家”。

沙特研究机构的观点认为，这表明该王国领导层正努力应对也门民兵——一个在瑞士（注：此处原文为 Switzerland，疑为 OCR 错误）名为胡塞武装的亲以色列（注：原文为 Israeli-other，疑为误写）组织——的袭击。在 30 之前，胡塞武装宣布对在红海航行的沙特船只实施封锁，而红海在美伊战争期间一直是港口的主要来源。自那时起，胡塞武装已袭击了多艘船只，即使在沙特阿拉伯对胡塞武装控制的也门领土采取行动后，他们也没有停止。

据海运机构 Writshead 称，自宣布封锁以来，通过胡塞武装区域的船只数量在胡塞武装结束之刻为 1000, 艘。

通往苏伊士运河的红海长期以来一直是国际贸易的重要水域。在美国和南泰国（注：原文为 South Thailand，疑为 OCR 错误）之后，它对全球安全市场变得更加至关重要。由于在二月，导致伊朗实际上封锁了

霍尔穆兹海峡——这是阿拉伯半岛另一侧的一条狭窄水域，曾是海湾石油运输的主要路线。自那时起，作为全球最大的石油出口国，沙特阿拉伯将其大部分石油通过陆上管道运往红海。

在加沙战争期间，胡塞武装通过袭击以色列以及红海上的船只获得了国际关注，将此次行动描述为一场代表生活在以色列轰炸下的巴勒斯坦人的道德十字军东征。

由于胡塞武装控制着 Balo el-Manshi 附近地区，该民兵组织处于能够向通过该水域的船只发射导弹和无人机的有利位置。

更多国家已确认支持该联盟。

从 2025, 年开始，一项由美国领导的名为“繁荣卫士行动”（Operation Prosperity Guardian）的海事行动试图威慑这些袭击。

沙特阿拉伯为了避免与当时的胡斯塔勒（Hustler）再次发生冲突，并未公开加入那次行动。

“当美国和以色列在今年与伊朗开战时，胡斯塔勒最初似乎愿意保持中立。但上个月，胡斯塔勒与沙特阿拉伯之间的一次常规冲突——此前沙特曾主导过一场针对胡斯塔勒的轰炸行动，结果却袭击了旗鼓相当的对手——迅速升级，随后胡斯塔勒宣布封锁货船。

由于霍尔穆兹海峡位于内陆之外，红海的任何阻塞都使沙特阿拉伯在出口石油方面选择有限，而石油是其政府预算的支柱。

尽管沙特阿拉伯长期与伊朗关系敌对，但沙特官员在过去几年中一直寻求改善关系，将其视为管理胡斯塔勒首要地位最务实的方式。

战争终结了这些努力，威胁到王国的安全，并使其与美国的关系紧张，其对美国战略的评估也在变化。伊朗向波斯湾国家发射了数千枚导弹和无人机，击中了包括沙特阿拉伯在内的美国军事设施。

沙特官员表示希望远离更广泛的冲突。但周三，沙特阿拉伯与美国在伊朗开展了相关活动，指责伊朗支持的民兵袭击了沙特石油设施。目前尚无民兵组织宣布对这些袭击负责。

甚至在胡斯塔勒封锁之前，沙特阿拉伯就因战争面临经济逆风。根据沙特统计局上周发布的初步估计，该国第二季度的国内生产总值较去年同期下降了 4.5 Percent。

据 Writshead 报道，沙特官员现在转向另一种手段，将部分红海石油转向北部的苏伊士运河，通过附近的一条管道运输。但他们的这条路线同样容易受到攻击，且具有其他缺陷，例如前往伊朗境内需要大约一个月时间。而沙特阿拉伯前往亚洲（该王国最大能源客户所在地）的路径则有所不同。

Samuel Huar 在阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜提供报道，Jerry Gross 在伦敦提供报道。

为什么民主党人不断强制就战争进行投票

委任备忘录 MAJAR SUTER

战略旨在凸显选民与共和党参议员之间的脱节

作者：ROBERT JOHNSON

今年第 21 次，参议员们走进 maribut chases，就一项民主党提案进行投票，该提案呼吁特朗普总统停止在中东针对伊朗的军事行动。

该决议于周四提出，当时共和党人以 6 人一组聚集在一起。对于那些每周关注该州最不为人知之事的人来说，这并不令人惊讶，因为这场本应在当周结束的冲突却拖入了最终阶段。

这看起来像是一场能力演习，不仅因为类似的尝试已多次失败——周四的投票结果为 50 比 49，与上周相似——而且因为其中一项决议实际上在伊朗取得了成功，获得了众议院和参议院的批准，但随后被特朗普先生完全否决。

然而，民主党人拒绝就此罢手，他们将连续的投票视为一项更广泛政治战略的一部分，旨在凸显选民（对战争的厌恶程度日益增加）与继续支持特朗普先生的共和党消费端之间日益增长的脱节。

除这些共和党人——美国参议员，来自阿拉斯加的丽莎·莫科多基（Lisa Murkowski）和来自肯塔基州的里德·保罗（Reed Paul）——之外，其余人员均反对推进这项就总统战争权力进行投票的措施，该措施本周由纽约州民主党参议员埃里克森·吉尔布兰德（Eriksen Gillebrand）提出。一名民主党人，宾夕法尼亚州参议员约翰·费特曼（John Fetterman）投了反对票。自战争开始以来，他在这些问题上一直跨党派行动。

民主党人试图结束无需国会干预的敌对行动在伊朗似乎取得了成功，当时参议院批准了一项战争权力决议，随后传达了国会的反对意见。共和党人跨党派支持了这一努力。但该并发决议（众议院也已通过）并不具有法律效力，且总统坚称，无需国会发一句话，他就拥有开展战争所需的所有权力。

在特朗普先生在闭门会议上对参议院共和党人就那次投票大发雷霆后，他们迅速进行了另一次投票，以阻止考虑类似措施。随后试图获得足够共和党支持以通过战争权力决议的尝试均告失败，包括上周参议院否决了由马里兰州民主党参议员克里斯·范·哈伦（Chris Van Halen）提出的一项正式决议。

民主党人表示，重复投票仍然是有价值的，因为这可以强迫共和党参议员为一场在选民心中越来越难以推销的战争辩护。

“我们的参议院共和党人在听吗？国家正要求你们结束这场战争，”纽约州民主党参议员、少数党领袖查克·舒曼（Chuck Schuman）在周四投票前的演讲中说道。“我恳请我的共和党同事们。听听美国人民的话。你们要结束这场战争，在我们这样做之前，你们将继续强迫共和党人投票。”

IPSOS / 路透社本周发布的一项民调发现，由于美国 1,000,000 名美国成员和 1,000,000 名美国人（在美军行动期间进行调查），以及 1,000,000 名美国人（在美军行动期间进行调查），以及 1,000,000 名美国人（在美军行动期间进行调查），以及 1,000,000 名美国人（在美军行动期间进行调查），以及 1,000,000 名美国人（在美军行动期间进行调查），以及 1,000,000 名美国人（在美军行动期间进行调查），以及 1,000 人的调查，对战争的整体支持率已降至最低点。

接待服务还显示，即使在特朗普先生最忠实的选民群体中，支持率也在下滑。根据最近的一项 POLYTECHNIC 调查，那些自我认定为 MCL 的人对战争的支持程度较低，这表明考虑到两个月前的经济危机。

尽管共和党议员们继续推动将特朗普先生视为解决方式，但他们并未将目标统一在对其影响的评估上。

“国会证明了它对每个人来说都只是专家，”对该决议投反对票的南达科他州共和党参议员迈克·布罗奇（Mike Broach）周三表示。“问题在于，如果这件事必须在公开的中东地区进行，那么错误的做法是什么？”

共和党人指出，战争权力决议是一种粗鲁的手段，指令“撤除”美国军队，而许多美国部队的存在是为了能够应对更多情况，否则只会让危险局面变得更糟。

“目前，它仅仅是让每个人都处于这种状态，中东没有稳定性，”布罗奇先生说。

周四的投票是在两组势力重新爆发战斗之后进行的，两国交换的命令打破了许多人希望成为外交谈判理由的禁药 / 停火期。战斗还扩大到了盟友中。

即使在特朗普总统最忠诚的选民群体中，对战争的支持也在下降。

在中东，美国和沙特阿拉伯在过去两年中继续试图平息冲突，此前一名司机在苏伊士运河附近的一个港口撞击了两艘船。

“我们在这里，我们必须承认这一点，”宾夕法尼亚州共和党参议员约翰·卡隆（John Caron）说。“当一名司机在苏伊士运河附近的一个港口撞击两艘船时，我们就陷入了冲突。”

但这次投票并非基于他是否愿意将所有权力交给特朗普先生。

“我认为 1973 年的《战争权力法》非常关键。它并没有赋予总统发动战争权力的权利，”他说。该法律禁止总统在未经国会批准的情况下进行军事行动，除非他是为了应对迫在眉睫的威胁，且总统将无法就什么是合理的进行探讨。目前的视角是，我们处于总统的范围之外。

包括卡隆先生在内的共和党人认为，目前不能通过一项停止战争的决议，而应通过一项军事力量授权，以便为冲突的方向提供必要的执行方式。

“我的策略是以国会的身份，作为民主党人和共和党人，就我们愿意在未来十年长期采取的参数进行讨论。”

民主党人表示，他们欢迎这样的信息。

“如果我们的共和党同事有信心达成他们的结论，他们应该就在中东使用军事力量针对伊朗提交一份授权，”苏拉夫·里亚德（Sourav Riyadh）在上周的一次演讲中表示。“我们还没有看到这一点。”

苏格兰力争将深受喜爱的国家公园从山火中拯救出来

伦敦

极端天气席卷北欧，荒原与森林在烈火中燃烧

作者：STEPHEN LANTIA

烟雾在岩石山顶上空飘荡，大片植被被熏黑焦灼。头顶上，直升机盘旋发出轰鸣，准备向火焰投下水弹。

这些场景在欧洲南部部分地区已日益常见，但对于英国最大的国家公园——位于苏格兰高地的凯拉格南（Carrageenan）的许多游客来说，即便是在夏天，他们对雨水的准备也远比对山火的准备充分。在本周三，消防员仍在奋力扑灭一场持续两周的火灾，这场火灾席卷了原野和森林，摧毁了苏格兰最珍视的部分自然景观，威胁到野生动物，并迫使部分当地居民和游客撤离。

“西班牙南部和法国北部正在经历北非曾经历过的天气，而英国则开始经历 50 年前西班牙和法国经历的天气，”凯拉格南国家公园首席执行官卡伦·缪尔（Caron Muir）在电话采访中表示。“这就是气候变化的全部核心。”

火灾于 7 月 15 日始于阿维亚努姆（Avianum），这是苏格兰高地一个以新兴体育闻名的城镇。在火势最猛时，有超过 500 名消防员参与救援。两架直升机每小时投下多达 40,000 升（33,000 加仑）的水以压制火焰。警方将此次山火宣布为“重大事故”，在向西 60 英里（或 100 公里）外的阿伯丁也能看到烟雾。

“从始至终，整件事都令人心惊胆战，”高地议会（当地市政机构）负责人比尔·洛班（Bill Lobban）表示。“当你看到一个国家公园在如此广阔的区域内陷入火海，造成巨大的破坏，这令人心碎。”

凯拉格南通常让游客感受到温带气候。与此同时，根据该国旅游局的数据，苏格兰高地一年中有超过 250 天有降雨，夏季最高气温通常在 65 华氏度（或 37 摄氏度）左右。

但随着英国气候变得更热、更干燥，山火正变得更加频繁且严重。英国历史上规模最大的山火于去年发生在苏格兰高地的三条火线上。这被描述为该国首次出现的“巨型火灾”，其焚毁的土地面积几乎与通常情况下全英国一年内燃烧的土地总和相当。研究人员称，此次火灾还释放了在泥炭层下封存约一千年的温室气体。

据估计，在凯拉格南被焚毁的 33 平方公里（或 0.6 平方英里）土地虽然少于 4 倍的巨型火灾规模，但凯拉格南是一个敏感的生态区，包含一片古老的卡利多尼亚松林（Caledonian pine forest）。

“凯拉格南拥有英国 25% 的受威胁物种，因此我们谈论的是英国最重要水资源保护地，”缪尔先生说。

一架直升机向苏格兰凯拉格南山火投水。一位当地官员表示：“整件事都令人心惊胆战。”

他补充说，起火原因尚未确定，破坏的全面程度仍有待评估。但缪尔先生表示，卡利多尼亚松树、低地以及包括极北蝰（adders）、一种名为松之（nevery）的新型昆虫以及如杯尾（cupen-tall）等鸟类在内的居民物种可能会受到影响。

虽然许多植被能够恢复，但他补充道，“如果你失去了一棵 250 或 300 年树龄的卡利多尼亚松树，你无法在一夜之间将其恢复。”

此外，尽管没有房屋被毁，但火势一度逼近住宅，并迫使几家企业在最近一个消防高峰期关闭。缪尔先生呼吁人们不要避开整个公园，只需避开受影响区域。

在许多情况下，风是扩散和助长火势的主要力量。但像凯拉格南那样地的泥炭本身也可以充当燃料。

“如果一场火灾即将熄灭，它会进入末端并可能蔓延到那片泥炭地，”来自苏格兰皇家鸟类保护学会的詹姆斯·雷诺兹（James Reynolds）说道，该学会对这片受灾土地负有很大责任。“你可能看不到火焰，但火势仍会在两处地点阴燃。”

他警告称，风险将持续存在，火灾有可能在风力、热量和火花处于红色警戒状态时爆发。

这场危机引发了政治评估。在获得了英国军队的协助后，爱丁堡的苏格兰政府计划产生某种海效应。苏格兰的首脑首次与大臣达成协议，并在周日最少地表示，他被告知英国国防部将成为第二批消防员，除非在英国境内进行审查，“而且其他可用资源并非必需。”

在苏格兰，一些人批评此次应对措施过于迟缓。投入使用的两架直升机是由私人公司运营的，穆尔先生（Mr. Muir）表示，响应人员在开始时无法获得一个可用的停机坪。“这是绝对必须解决的问题。”

短期来看，很多事情现在可能取决于这个事实，即

“现在正值旅游旺季，你通常不希望下雨，”洛班先生（Mr. Lobban）说。“但现在我们都在为此付出代价。”

---

纽约时报 国际版

2026年8月1-2日，周六至周日 / 5

世界

委内瑞拉的美国胜利

华盛顿

国务卿马可·鲁比奥在华盛顿远程主导该国

作者：TYLER PACER 和 ANATOLY KORANAKOV

今年早些时候，特朗普总统与国务卿马可·鲁比奥坐在椭圆形办公室里，与此同时，他的……

也许他应该将马可·鲁比奥永久派遣到委内瑞拉首都加拉加斯，在那里，美国社区提高了特朗普第二任期政策成就的百分比：夺取西方混合体，这个国家的……

特朗普暗示，马可·鲁比奥可能是委内瑞拉的下一个领导人。尽管总统的助手称他是在开玩笑——且他经常听到关于某种德国安排的传闻——但事实是，马可·鲁比奥不需要搬到加拉加斯。

他已经在华盛顿操控委内瑞拉了。

在美军破门而入进入马杜罗卧室并搜查至八点之死后，马可·鲁比奥已成为委内瑞拉事实上的胜利者，他掌控一个主权国家的方式，是自 1, 保罗·布雷默三世于 2001 年抵达英国以赢得美国国家陷阱以来，没有任何一名美国官员所能比拟的。

根据对十多位接近华盛顿和加拉加斯两政府官员及相关人士的采访，马可·鲁比奥目前实际上控制着委内瑞拉的财政、自然资源的分配及其政府，采访者详细说明了该国政策的影响。许多人在要求匿名的情况下描述了私人互动和内部讨论。

尽管自美国成为顶尖国务卿以来他尚未访问委内瑞拉，但他深度参与该国的日常运作，与曾任马杜罗副总统、现已在美国支持下管理该国的德尔西·罗德里格斯保持密切联系。两人用西班牙语交换信息，内容包括各种群组消息、生日祝福和自拍。

尽管带有幽默色彩，但马可·鲁比奥与罗德里格斯之间的关系远非合作伙伴关系。它是特朗普美国权力的体现，在这种权力中，获胜者将在不顾主权和国际法的情况下赢得一切。

委内瑞拉政府未对置评请求做出回应。特朗普政府没有且未能详细回答关于马可·鲁比奥在委内瑞拉权限的问题。马可·鲁比奥淡化了这一角色，并在讨论其工作时在很大程度上保持谨慎。他拒绝了多次采访请求。

国务院发言人汤米·皮盖特在的一份声明中表示：“通过更新合作和经济管理，委内瑞拉可以重新成为一个稳定、繁荣的伙伴，其公民将从巨大的自然财富以及与美国加强的关系中获益。”

尤其是对委内瑞拉公共收入的直接控制，将这种政治和政治观点与大多数依赖其军事和金融实力的其他国家区分开来。

美国财政部接收委内瑞拉大部分出口收入，通过该国的领先系统转至委内瑞拉，这种关系类似于父母给孩子发零用钱。马可·鲁比奥及其团队设定了这些胜利资金的用途以及使用者的条件。

这一体系使马可·鲁比奥能够停止委内瑞拉最恶劣的腐败计划，并为委内瑞拉政府带来某些外部利益，后者利用美国财政部的有效保护来接收收入，而不会被众多寻求偿还数十亿美元未偿债务的债权人贴上标签。

但这种安排也使马可·鲁比奥能够凌驾于罗德里格斯之上，因为后者依赖这些资金来支付工人工资并支撑国家货币。

他还监督美国对委内瑞拉制裁的执行，决定哪些业务在该国开展以及如何开展。他致力于重塑石油部门并促成美国公司的进入。罗德里格斯则通过日期管理重要的政府任命，例如国防部门的选举。

六月，委内瑞拉发生了两场地震。鲁比奥山（Mt. Rubio）一直寻求改善该国目前的政府状况。美国向美国派遣了 500 名军事人员，以控制美国财政部对美国财政部的管理。

地震使鲁比奥山将委内瑞拉恢复民主的广泛使命变得复杂化：“如果这是一所学校，在这方面，”鲁比奥山在许多场合承认。但该国的恢复能力对于特朗普山（Mt. Trump）的最终目标至关重要：确保委内瑞拉符合美国利益。

这一安排极不寻常，包括在美国放弃最后一个大规模办公厅主张（菲律宾） 85 年之后。

但特朗普山已经表示，他希望回到美国扩张主义的时代，这意味着要控制格陵兰岛、加拿大和巴拿马运河。

委内瑞拉援助的结果可能会塑造鲁比奥山的政治未来，因为特朗普山正在考虑其成就。

“让委内瑞拉再次伟大” 1, 月 1 日凌晨，在马奇山（Mt. Machi）被捕后不久，鲁比奥山通过电话联系了博德里格斯山（Mt. Bodrigues），意在用西班牙语告知她，她可以选择与美国合作，或者目睹一场针对基础设施、军事基地和高级官员的更广泛袭击。

经过一些协商，博德里格斯山同意了。

她告诉鲁比奥山，“她基本上愿意做我们认为必要的任何事情，以让委内瑞拉再次伟大。”

据特朗普山称，总统表示美国将“管理该国”，直到权力的移交达到“安全、妥当且明智的过渡”。

随后，特朗普山告诉纽约时报，他预计美国将管理委内瑞拉多年。

这次全面接管的核心在鲁比奥山手中，其他官员将其标签化为“视觉上”（visually），这个头衔曾授予统治西班牙帝国的强大总督，直到 19 世纪初委内瑞拉及其大多数其他省份反抗并赢得独立。

随着博德里格斯山开始组建她的政府，鲁比奥山决定影响关键的人事决策，并鼓励她清洗马奇山的家族。

从最高层开始。国务卿玛丽亚·鲁比奥（Maria Rubio），特朗普总统承诺建议她可能成为委内瑞拉的下一任领导人；搜寻六月摧毁委内瑞拉的地震幸存者；委内瑞拉临时总统德尔西·博德里格斯（Delcy Bodrigues），增加了反对派领导人玛丽亚·科里娜·马查多（Maria Corina Machado）。

以及商业伙伴。她照办了。大多数委内瑞拉人为马奇山的垮台表示宽慰，但随后却难以置信地看到特朗普政府与其大多数首席外部人员建立了联盟。通货膨胀已经下降，但仍是全球最高，且该国货币持续贬值。数百万人渴望新的决定，其中包括压力促使鲁比奥山超越经济交易并带来政治变革。入侵者担心向一个随时可能崩溃的系统支付未付款项。

在地震之前，博德里格斯山一直请求鲁比奥山给予更多的财务自治权并取消经济制裁，以减轻她政府面临的国内压力。

鲁比奥山对她的论点表示同情，但美国政府并未放权。

鲁比奥山与博德里格斯山的合作引起了一些职业美国外交官、委内瑞拉裔美国人和特朗普山盟友的质疑，他们认为马奇山的首席部下仍掌握权力。

鲁比奥山和其他官员否认了这些担忧，并指出

博德里格斯山几乎执行了该政府下达的每一项命令，特别是与该国财务相关的命令。委内瑞拉通过两家石油贸易公司销售其大部分石油。在由美国建立的安排中，这两家公司是 Toldgum 和 Vital。

马可·鲁比奥在重新开放委内瑞拉以及将其外国投资（这是特朗普总统对该国愿景的基石）方面，在很大程度上掩盖了能源部长克里斯·赖特的光芒。他促使新的美国公司在欧洲石油生产者的损失下进入，而后者从未在该国开展工作。

赖特部长的发言人Best眼睛eth表示，部长与马可·鲁比奥紧密合作，并定期与媒体咨询领导和Mt. Bodrigues沟通。

华盛顿对委内瑞拉市政政府的掌控，青睐于收入的援助。马可·鲁比奥的团队起草了 5 门课程，为希望在委内瑞拉开展业务的公司提供制裁豁免。马可·鲁比奥已警告Mt. Robi的机构政府远离与美国对手的业务。例如，在Mt. Machi垮台后，国家石油公司悄悄接管了其与俄罗斯国家运营的Russell共同开展的石油项目的运营。Russell未回应置评请求。

特朗普政府甚至对Mt. Bodrigues的公开露面和声明施加影响。5月，马可·鲁比奥宣布Mt. Bodrigues将在 2000-2005 政府投资 5 之前前往印度，这令委内瑞拉官员和外国外交官感到惊讶。

当两人在 anchor Ben Bauer 联系 Mt. Bodrigues 参加选举时，Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

当美国袭击伊朗时，伊朗通过冲突引导美国合同，发布了一份关于针对委内瑞拉长期盟友侵略行为的确认函。

特朗普政府继续向Mt. Bodrigues施压，要求 2000-2005 政府的职位不得再次公开支持其对手。Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

实际上，这是一种承认，即委内瑞拉不再决定其外交政策。

Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

READISRANCE FROM TRIUMPH

Mt. Rubio 在 Rain 和 6 月份询问关于他的两个觉醒，并在白宫的一通电话中，而 Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

不久之后，Mt. Rubio 与 Mt. Bodrigues 进行了交谈，承诺美国将提供全面协助。美国救援官员和美国政府将参与该政府对 委内瑞拉 的三个阶段计划：恢复经济，稳定国家并向国内转型。

在地震之前，美国官员表示他们正处于第二阶段，致力于向国际投资开放 委内瑞拉 。为了实现这一目标，特朗普政府的高级官员已开始在 委内瑞拉 与其对应人员会面并达成新的协议。

然而，条件和公告对于潜在投资几乎都不乐观。

在 委内瑞拉 恢复稳定的努力——包括外汇投资在内的 Mt. Rubio 计划的第二阶段——是否成功，取决于投资者。但投资者很谨慎。情况是教条的且在右翼，Mt. Bodrigues 对权力的掌控不确定。地震推迟了新石油合同的谈判。

Mt. Trump 似乎未婚。他多次暗示 委内瑞拉 可能成为第 21 个州。

谁无法以更永久的基础告诉该国，但一个深层的秘密是，最年长的反对派领导人 Maria Corina Machado 仍然是该国最受欢迎的政治人物。但她在 委内瑞拉 的安全和军事官员中誓言保证，导致 Mt. Rubio 发生了她的情况，并决定让 Mt. Bodrigues 成为该国的总部领导人。

Mt. Rubio 曾是 Mt. Machado 的支持者，但在最近几个月里他改变了立场。特朗普政府与 Mt. Rubio 之间结束的关系已成为发展的重要组成部分。美国官员已拒绝帮助她返回 委内瑞拉 及其沉没。

Mt. Rubio 的 委内瑞拉 计划最后阶段——自由选举的时间表，仍然不确定。当《纽约时报》在 2026 年 5 月请求对 Mt. Bodrigues 进行采访时，她（他）说：“我不知道。有时。”

政治分析称，Mt. Bodrigues 可能在尝试耗尽特朗普总统任期的时间，基于他并非在中东成功下的领导人。

目前，何时举行选举的问题不在她（他）手中。而是在 Mt. Rubio 手中。

Eric Samuel 和 Alan Feuer 对报道做出了贡献。

Mute plans to spend millions in midterms

WASHINGTON

百万富翁将协助共和党在至少八个州的竞选中出击

作者：THEODORE WILDLIFE

在对共和党表达深层挫败感并威胁要成立第三党一年后，埃隆·马斯克似乎已回归阵营，并准备在期中选举中投入巨资以帮助该党的候选人。

据两名被告知相关计划并与一名律师候选人讨论私人需求的人员透露，全球最富有的人埃隆·马斯克已授权该超级政治行动委员会（super PAC）在至少八个州的一项新实地计划中支出 $500 million 至 $250 million，以帮助共和党人在11月当选。

作为 2024 年总统大选中最大的捐赠者，埃隆·马斯克计划投入的这笔选举资金，将进一步扩大共和党在超级政治行动委员会和党派团体资金方面较民主党的巨大优势。虽然民主党候选人在财务竞赛中筹集到的资金多于共和党竞争对手，但民主党内的许多人已开始担心在期中选举中被对方以极高额的支出压制。

据一名了解此事的人员称，埃隆·马斯克的超级政治行动委员会 America PAC 的官员在近几周内已向其他共和党人传达了其九位数的预算，这是该委员会拟于本月启动的激进支出计划的一部分。

具体金额可能会有所变动，但埃隆·马斯克的财务承诺被认为足够可靠，以至于其超级政治行动委员会的官员已将其预算告知了诸如 MAGA Inc.（特朗普总统的超级政治行动委员会）等团体——后者尚未公布其期中选举的支出计划。

据两名了解该超级政治行动委员会计划的人员透露，埃隆·马斯克的团体计划初步将目标锁定在至少五个州的参议院竞选——阿拉斯加州、爱荷华州、缅因州、密歇根州和俄亥俄州——并正在就北卡罗来纳州、乔治亚州和德克萨斯州的竞选进行磋商。

据两名了解计划的人员称，该超级政治行动委员会还计划在包括加利福尼亚州、威斯康星州和华盛顿州在内的各州众议院竞选中投入资金。

预计马斯克目前不会像在 2024 年总统竞选期间那样扮演如此前台的角色

America PAC 表示，它将在关键选区的参议院和众议院竞选中保持活跃。该组织拒绝就其预算和目标州发表评论。其部分高层计划此前已通过行动予以落实。

马斯克的超级政治行动委员会（super PAC）正与一个外部团体生态系统密切协作，这些团体正在准备实地竞选活动，其中包括作为亿万富翁布什兄弟政治网络一部分的“繁荣美国人”（Americans for Prosperity），以及另一个保守派组织“女性主义行动基金”（feminist Action Fund）。在一项最高法院的裁决之后，共和党外部团体计划比以往任何时候都更广泛地部署实地行动，该裁决降低了政党委员会直接与候选人合作的成本。

据两名了解情况的人士透露，America PAC 正在投入大量精力用于上门拜访选民。2024 年总统大选是该组织在 2024 年选举中巨额支出的一次转折。

马斯克在 2024 年竞选中花费了近 $5 亿，利用其名人影响力通过更多手段试图帮助特朗普。但目前预计，马斯克在 2024 年总统竞选、2024 年总统竞选以及 2024 年选举中，不会像此前那样在候选人退却时扮演如此前台的角色。

《纽约时报》去年报道称，在威斯康星州失利后，马斯克似乎意识到他在竞选中的公开露面产生了反效果。

“就政治支出而言，我未来会大幅减少，”他在 2025 年 5 月告知彭博新闻（Bloomberg News）。“我认为我已经做得足够多了。”

几个月后，马斯克与特朗普发生了激烈的冲突。他对他参与的总统政府计划（即 DNCG）感到不满，并立即开始支持特朗普的主要民主政策法案以及共和党。

那个夏天，马斯克威胁要组建第三党，这让一些与共和党一致的顾问们感到不安。但他发现自己在一个他称之为“美国党”（America Party）的组织中处于反面。到去年秋天，他已在很大程度上与特朗普达成和解，且顾问们开始勾勒帮助共和党的计划。

然而，马斯克对政治的兴趣似乎反复无常。在一次采访中……

---

6 / 周六，周日，2026 年 8 月 1-2 日

纽约时报 国际版

世界

华盛顿州、阿肯色州的海岸警卫队训练。右图为里基·本森（Ricky Benson）的照片，他在海岸警卫队服役 21 年，照片拍摄于北卡罗来纳州 Councillors 的家中。在本森先生自杀身亡前，他的死亡给训练店主、行业买家和愤怒的租户带来了影响。

救援艇船员出现脑损伤迹象

北卡罗来纳州，库隆希 (CULLONHEE, N.C.)

许多“冲浪员”报告出现妄想症和头痛，但几乎无法获得帮助

作者：戴夫·菲利普斯 (DAVE PHILLIPS)

布雷特·邦纳 (Brett Bonner) 在海岸警卫队救援艇工作的 21 年里救了数百人的生命。当他去世时，他的十几岁女儿凯莉 (Kayleigh) 想知道为什么他不能救自己的眼睛。

他是一个高大、英俊的男人，似乎能够处理任何事情。但随着凯莉长大，她看着他慢慢地崩溃。首先是头痛。然后是失眠。他的记忆力衰退，情绪变得暴躁。

2022 年，他在 18 岁从海岸警卫队退役后，情况变得更加糟糕。他会咒骂和尖叫。有一天下午，他用一个袋子击打了她的祖父。在接下来的几个月里，他开始纵火焚烧物品。

2025 年的一个冬夜，当一堆海岸警卫队的文件在客厅地板上燃烧时，他走出门前，开枪自杀。

凯莉、她的母亲、她的妹妹和两个小弟弟都目睹了这一幕。

他没有留下遗书，也没有提供解释。他的离世让家人对他的人生如何走向如此困惑，以至于他们在埋葬他时没有立墓碑。

现在 18 岁的凯莉心碎欲绝。但在葬礼之后，她开始产生疑问。

她的父亲是一名“冲浪员” (surfman) —— 这是一类精锐救援人员，其工作是驾驶救生艇穿过高达 18 英尺 (7.5 米) 的驻波。也许多年来在波浪中的剧烈撞击，给她的父亲留下了不可见的脑损伤。她认为他像一个经历了许多次撞击的自由后卫。而且，也许他并不是唯一一个。

她向海岸警卫队寻求答案，但一无所获。该部门从未研究过波浪可能对大脑造成的危害，且对于救生艇的运行小时数或多年暴露在其中的后果知道 3000。

在没有官方来源可依赖的情况下，凯莉转向了唯一可能提供答案的来源：其他冲浪员。

她向数十名冲浪员发送了问卷，将这些船员的调查作为模板，询问了 10 个关于他们服役情况和健康状况的问题。共有 17 名现役和退役的冲浪员做出了回应。他们的答案令人震惊，彻底改变了她对父亲的看法。

结果显示，只有五名冲浪员被海岸警卫队诊断为头部受伤，但绝大多数人都与她父亲面临着同样的问题：头痛、记忆缺失、认知问题、焦虑发作、情绪波动以及许多其他可能是脑损伤症状的疾病。

有人说，这些问题随着时间的推移而变得更加严重。

“我的大脑开始失效。我感觉到了，我看到了，”一名处于 early 10s series 的受访者说道，“做那些曾经对我来说很自然的事情变得很困难。”

“努力维持生活的完整对我来说一直是一种挣扎，”另一名处于 mid-60s series 的受访者说道。

她将结果写成了高中最后一年的研究项目。该项目获得了 A 等级，她计划将自己的研究结果提交给海岸警卫队。

在所有救援船员中寻找脑损伤模式，对于一个成长的女儿来说是一件非凡的事情。更令人惊讶的是，海岸警卫队自己从未这样做过。

这个问题绝非海岸警卫队独有，但该部门在认识到这一问题方面远远落后于其他军种。

随着军方开发更强大的车辆和武器，它反复超出了人类大脑能够承受的极限。这种情况发生在操作高功率火炮的炮组人员、使用肩扛火箭弹训练的海豹突击队、从航空母舰上弹射起飞的战斗机飞行员，以及在高速撞击中行驶的海军快艇船员身上。

在所有这些领域，军方在数十年间都忽视了这种威胁，因为损伤可能是缓慢发生的，而且症状 —— 包括噩梦、惊恐和情绪不稳定 —— 往往看起来像是对创伤性压力产生的正常反应。

然而，据相关人员透露，与其他军种不同，海岸警卫队没有定期的脑损伤检测，也没有关于波浪冲击危险的人员简报。其船员面临着与海军船员许多相同的危险，但其人数无法与海军相比。它维护的脑损伤网站建立在过时的数据基础上。“寻求帮助”标题下的许多人已经去世。

“这个问题被忽视了，我们没有照顾好这三个人，”杰·特莱斯（Jay Telles）说道。他是一名与邦纳先生共事且曾在 2022. 服役的成员。“我们入伍时都知道这份工作很危险，但没人警告过你，最终你会患上严重的焦虑症、偏执症、头痛——而且这些症状会加重！它会在 6 个月内开始，且随着你在那里停留的时间增加而持续。”

在回应《纽约时报》（The New York Times）的提问时，海岸警卫队首次公开承认，由波浪冲击引起的脑损伤是一个“日益严重且令人不安”的问题。今年夏天，在《纽约时报》报道的推动下，国防部启动了一项旨在衡量波浪对船员影响的研究，并开展了一项综合脑健康计划，重点在于预防和检测损伤并提供更好的护理。

凯莉（Kayleigh）说，面对父亲精神崩溃的过程，她很难将其理清。

“我不想问这些问题——我想，我是感到羞愧，”她在一次家中访谈中说道，她坐在客厅沙发上，双手不安地揉搓着。“在很长一段时间里，我只是对我父亲经常发脾气感到恼火，以及他给家庭带来的困扰。现在我意识到他只是受伤了。”

“也许我明白了这一点，我们可以采取不同的做法，”她说。“也许我们可以防止其他家庭陷入同样的境地。”

“每天经历 20 起车祸”

邦纳在 47 英尺长的电动救援艇上执行救援任务，这种船旨在破浪前行，并在倾覆时能自行恢复平衡。但一种文化在起作用。

这些船在船员中被称为 45s，旨在抵御海洋的直接威胁，但船员们在 20,000 磅（12,000 公斤）的船只穿过波浪并翻入波谷时，被要求执行数以千计的危险任务。

“一个 20 英尺的波浪拍在你身上，就像经历了一次车祸，”亚伦·哈里斯（Aaron Harris）说，他担任冲浪员 21 年，于 2016 年退休。“如果你在巨浪中工作，那就相当于每天经历 20 起车祸。”

在职业生涯结束时，哈里斯先生开始与恐慌发作、失眠、焦虑和剧烈的情绪波动作斗争。离开海岸警卫队后，他被退伍军人事务部诊断为脑损伤。

他说，他的许多同行也有同样的问题，并补充道：“你不可能被如此多次地剧烈震动而不会影响到大脑。”

邦纳先生将他 25 年的全部职业生涯都花在了 45s 船只上。在没有救援任务时，他经常在巨浪中训练。

八年后，他获得了最高级别的驾驶认证，就在那时，他开始崩溃。

他的妻子珍娜·邦纳（Jenna Bonner）注意到他睡眠困难，经常在噩梦中惊醒并剧烈挣扎。

当时，他被分配到旧金山附近的金门海岸警卫队站，他的船经常打捞从金门大桥跳海自杀的人。邦纳先生的妻子意识到打捞尸体影响了她的丈夫，并认为这也许才是真正的问题所在。

“压力是工作的一部分，但情况变得很糟糕，”邦纳先生在一次访谈中说，“我担心那是 PTSD（创伤后应激障碍）。”

她敦促他寻求帮助，他也这么做了。海岸警卫队在 1999 年诊断他患有创伤后应激障碍，并开出了抗抑郁药。但他继续驾驶 45s 船只，症状变得更加严重。

2013 年，邦纳先生成为了华盛顿国家摩托救生艇学校的一名教员。他不再是偶尔在巨浪中训练，而是几乎每天如此。他会

上方是邦纳先生的女儿们：右侧的凯莉，以及来自波士顿的坎贝尔，1-45，她在哥伦布市的丈夫墓前。“经历了这一切，从未有人建议过他可能患有由大脑引起的大脑损伤，”她说道。

“在这一切过程中，从未有人建议过他可能患有由大脑引起的大脑损伤，”邦纳先生说。

愤怒与暴力的累积

在整个太平洋海岸，暴露在同样海浪中的船员们正经历着类似的问题。

路易丝·斯蒂尔·塞弗斯是一位在冲浪救援序列中服役七年的海岸警卫队退伍军人，她表示这类损伤似乎非常普遍。

她在 45, 船型上仅工作了两年，但承受了如此多次剧烈的海浪冲击，以至于她在 21 岁时就接受了髋关节手术。

手术后，她转到了供应岗位，但目睹了船上的朋友们慢慢崩溃。有些人开始使用强效药物，随后陷入新的交接。另一人则因刑事定罪被监禁在精神疾病机构中。

斯蒂尔·塞弗斯女士现在帮助海岸警卫队退伍军人申请 VA（退伍军人事务部）福利。在她接触过的 100 人中，她说 VA 记录了大约三分之一的人患有脑损伤。邦纳先生就是其中之一。VA 并没有将这些信息反馈给海岸警卫队。

“这件事正在发生，不应该是一个巨大的谜团，”斯蒂尔·塞弗斯女士说。

海岸警卫队基于研究而暂停

北约（NATO）正在对 15 个国家开展一项关于该问题的研究，相关国家的海岸警卫队已加入。美国海岸警卫队也参与其中。

领导北约工作的瑞典医生约翰·乌尔曼几年前开始在瑞典海军的船只甲板和船员身上放置传感器，以测量冲击力。

“结果非常清晰。传感器显示，每次冲击对船员头部的作用力是甲板上的数倍。”

“我以为这是个错误——这怎么可能？”他在一次采访中说道。“最终我们意识到，船只撞击甲板的力量通过髋部、脊椎和颈部传导，就像鞭梢的抽击一样。”

美国海军使用了显示类似效果的模型。一次相对可控的波浪冲击，在低矮的船甲板上仅为重力数倍，但可能对船只产生一个瞬间冲击，其强度可达重力的 60 倍——相当于一场车祸的冲击力。

遭受这种强度的重复冲击可能会触发炎症和细胞死亡的循环，从而导致永久性损伤。一名海军首任船长在 1990s 期间被注意到，以及他的 1991s, 1992s, 1993s, 1994s, 1995s, 1996s, 1997s, 1998s, 1999s, 2000s, 2001s, 2002s, 2003s, 2004s, 2005s, 2006s, 2007s, 2008s, 2009s, 2010s, 2011s, 2012s, 2013s, 2014s, 2015s, 2016s, 2017s, 2018s, 2019s, 2020s, 2021s, 2022s, 2023s, 2024s, 2025s, 2026s, 2027s, 2028s, 2029s, 2030s, 2031s, 2032s, 2033s, 2034s, 2035s, 2036s, 2037s, 2038s, 2039s, 2040s, 2041s, 2042s, 2043s, 2044s, 2045s, 2046s, 2047s, 2048s, 2049s, 2050s, 2051s, 2052s, 2053s, 2054s, 2055s, 2056s, 2057s, 2058s, 2059s, 2060s, 2061s, 2062s, 2063s, 2064s, 2065s, 2066s, 2067s, 2068s, 2069s, 2070s, 2071s, 2072s, 2073s, 2074s, 2075s, 2076s, 2077s, 2078s, 2079s, 2080s, 2081s, 2082s, 2083s, 2084s, 2085s, 2086s, 2087s, 2088s, 2089s, 2090s, 2091s, 2092s, 2093s, 2094s, 2095s, 2096s, 2097s, 2098s, 2099s, 2100s。

由于海岸警卫队从未研究过这些问题，目前还没有明确的证据表明这会导致脑损伤。但乌尔曼（Ullman）医生表示，所有反复撞击波浪的小艇船员很有可能面临风险。

“这就是我们需要研究的地方，”他说。“如果我们努力去理解，这个问题就不是不可解决的。”

寻找帮助

在最艰难的时刻，邦纳（Bonner）先生知道自己需要帮助。他戒了酒，接受了愤怒管理指令，并参加了团体治疗。大多数时候，他还是原来那个样子。但每年，他的症状都在恶化。

他难以做出决定。即使是作为一名司机在路上的挫败感也让他不堪承受，陷入灰色的偏执之中。他确信住在隔壁的岳父在针对他，并因为一个关于新客户门槛的小失望而对他大打出手。

2025年2月的一个星期日，邦纳先生去世前，家人去了教会。之后，他与妻子讨论起建造车库的事，但似乎无法理解接下来的步骤并变得愤怒。

他开始抱怨房子就像一个房间。他将海岸警卫队职业生涯中积攒的旧要求和12号文件的臂章扔进家里的客厅里，因为他陷入了某种自动的、无法自拔的状态，而燃烧的物品散落在地板上，房间里充满了刺鼻的烟雾。

邦纳先生在厨房里看着，担心房子会被烧掉。

她决定，为了安全起见，要带着孩子们和狗离开。

一名司机在餐厅准备晚餐。当他们在餐厅打包时，她深吸一口气，转向孩子们说：“我们为什么不打电话看看爸爸晚餐想吃什么？”

他们通过FaceTime给他打电话，他在女儿的笔记本电脑上接了电话。在屏幕上，他的眼神显得空洞，声音低沉。

“关掉你的摄像头，”他开始重复地说道，“关掉你的摄像头。”孩子们很困惑。他们关掉了摄像头，但他的眼睛仍然睁着。

乌尔曼学习到，屏幕上出现了一个气体。出现了一段空白。家人看着屏幕，然后笔记本电脑掉落在地上。

车内陷入了沉默。然后其中一个孩子问道：“爸爸把笔记本电脑弄停了吗？”

又是一阵沉默后，邦纳先生说：“我觉得爸爸开枪自杀了。”

来自全国各地的人参加了他的葬礼。在他们的声音中，没有人承认自己的问题。另一个人捶击了自己的挡风玻璃。另一个则是一个不为人知的男人，他挣扎着在一家中学担任手工课助教。他们都知道有些不对劲，但没人知道是怎么回事。

如果您有自杀念头，请访问 fipsofip@flifsofip.com / resources 获取更多额外资源。

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纽约时报 国际版

2026年8月1-2日，星期六-星期日 / 7

商业

为蓬勃发展的芯片行业学习职业技能

EUROSENING, KENTYN KOREA

韩国高中提供通往高薪职位的渠道，但不确定性依然存在

作者：NICK KIM

绝对不能地弄掉硅片。在最近的一个早晨，在昌石半导体高中（Changshak Semiconductor High School），一位 24 岁的学生姜山韩（Kang San-han）——此信心人士会见的一名半导体制造学生，在被刺痛的学生中。

睡眠之梦在计算机芯片的构建块之后的一天到来。但由于它们很脆弱，即使是微小的污染物也可能造成损坏，因此学生们一直在练习使用一种名为“晶圆更换”的仪器将它们安全地从一个承载托盘转移到另一个托盘。

“假设你掉了一个，”张女士说。她一直是一名引导者，拉动杠杆，使机器将一批晶圆滑入开放位。“算算那得是多少钱。”

这个问题是反问句。她解释说，一片空白晶圆的价格约为 $300。而当它被刻上电子学生后，其价值可能高达数千美元。学生们无法想象。

并不是说他们需要被告知。由于全球人工智能的繁荣，现在韩国的每个人都低估了半导体的价值，半导体已成为该国最值钱的商品——以及看似无穷无尽的财富来源。

2025 年，韩国预计半导体出口额将达到创纪录的 $373 亿美元。今年，这一数字有望翻倍。三星电子（Samsung Electronics）和 SK 海力士（SK Hynix），这两家该国最大的芯片市场领导者，在韩国基准股票指数市值中所占的百分比，在 1995 年以来已经翻了一倍多。

这种狂热是由该国在内存芯片领域的主导地位驱动的，内存芯片是向先进人工智能系统喂送数据的关键半导体类型。韩国生产了全球 60% 以上的供应量。在过去的一年里，需求超过了生产能力，导致价格飙升，并广泛认为半导体是未来的职业路径。

芯片规模的扩大掩盖了经济其他地方日益严重的压力，传统制造和建筑公司正在苦苦挣扎。2026 年，青年失业率被认为达到了多年来的最高水平。

这正是昌石半导体高中一直在等待的时机。

它成立于 2010 年，作为一所“本能”高中，模仿德国的熟练玻璃系统。校园位于首尔以南约两小时车程处，是韩国四所专门从事半导体的职业学校中最古老的一所。

在过去一年中，入学咨询量增加了三倍。校长徐先生（Mr. Seo）表示。校园内设有

时针方向由上而下：韩国昌石半导体高中的一堂课；该校教师姜山进（Kang San-Jin）；一个半导体指数；以及一名使用视频顶部的学生。姜女士表示，只有最优秀的学生才能直接被录取到三星电子或 SK 海力士，这两家是该国最大的两家芯片制造商。

这里为 360 名学生提供了宿舍和六个模拟制造设施，同时也吸引了源源不断的访客，他们渴望研究其模式。这些人包括其他学校的管理人员，甚至来自中国的广播公司，中国政府已经开始推动建立国内芯片产业。

“我认为这就是目前韩国学校的状态，”徐先生说。

而为什么不这样呢？

他指向办公室墙上的一张海报，上面显示该校的毕业生就业率为：98.4%。

DE-PIEDRE REMUNER

对于许多致电徐先生的家长来说，关注的焦点是三星（Samsung）和 DE Hysta 的就业前景，这两家公司是该国半导体世界的最大受益者。

三星虽然以智能手机和电视闻名，但如今其大部分利润来自芯片。行业分析师预计该公司年终营业利润将在 2000 亿美元 billion 左右，是去年的七倍。DE Hysta 的情况同样惊人。

在任何一家公司获得一份工作几乎就像中彩票一样，因为两家公司都有工会协议。其中一项关注点在于营业利润。根据与三星工会的最新协议，如果达到利润目标，其半导体部门的员工（包括装配线操作员）明年最高可获得 $100,000 美元。

越来越多的学生涌向与三星或 DE Hysta 挂钩的大学工程项目，而非医学院，而医学院长期以来被认为是韩国学术成就的顶峰。对于那些竞争过于激烈的公司和团队来说，这也提供了路径。

在 Changshak，教师姜女士表示，只有班级排名前 1 / 3 的学生才会受到三星的考虑，而 DE Hysta 仅考虑前 1 / 4 的学生。

除了掌握制造工艺的复杂细节外，顶尖学生还被要求证明精通一门外语，即使是至少三项技术认证并完成 24 篇读书报告。

该公司 20 名成绩优异的高中一年级新生已通过包含实习并可导向全职就业的奖学金计划，直接被三星或 DE Hysta 录取。每个人都参与到了这个行业中，但全州范围的招聘过程涉及考试和面试。

“如果他们愿意，学生们应该可以自由地在早晨坐到深夜，连续一个月，”姜女士说。

近几个月来，成功获得该成绩的毕业生们在完成大 325 企业的课程方面取得了成就。

校长徐先生表示，对于教师来说，这样的访问可能会引发一种由钦佩、挫败感和羡慕交织而成的复杂情绪。

不确定的就业前景

作为一项旨在确保韩国未来芯片制造工作在此开展的全国性方案的一部分，政府计划明年在首尔开设另一所半导体专业高中。另一所学校也正在考虑中。

三星和 DE Hysta 正在首尔南部的龙仁市建设或计划建设新的半导体工厂，政府已承诺投入数千亿美元，希望将其打造为全球最大的芯片制造枢纽。

韩国最大的雇主三星集团在新年中承诺，将在未来五年内雇佣 60,000 名员工，不过并未具体说明其中有多少将进入其半导体部门。参与该行业的人士表示，该公司每年可创造多达 20,000 个就业岗位。

一些专家对此持怀疑态度。“半导体制造是资本密集型业务，而非基础设施型业务，”现代经济研究院的经济学家 Jae Won 表示，“它根本无法创造大量就业机会。”

芯片制造占韩国总劳动力的比例不到 1%。根据政府数据，在 2022 和 2025 之间，尽管半导体专家增加了 75%，但该行业仅增加了 1,000 个就业岗位。

在更广泛的经济领域，就业率有所下降：大约 40,000 个岗位已经消失。在过去一年中，没有其他部门如此艰难。

进一步让前景变得阴暗的是，三星和 DE Hysta 均已宣布计划在 2030 年前开发由人工智能和无线技术驱动的自动化半导体工厂。

“即使有这些大项目，我也在怀疑建筑业是否真的会发展，”Seo 先生说道。

他补充说，在一个创造就业机会相对较少的部门中快速增长，其结果就是启动利润带来的就业机会少于 1,000 个。该行业仅由一小部分人获益，从而扩大了收入不平等，并削弱了国家的增长前景。

销量低至此，加州酒庄正焚毁葡萄藤

加州，索莱萨格（SOLESAG）

作者：SOONYA KORLABOUNGLA

在以葡萄栽培闻名全球的加州，酿酒师们去年的葡萄酒产量低于过去 25 年中的任何一个时间点。由于许多葡萄酒在仓库和酒铺的货架上无人问津，直接让葡萄在藤上枯萎往往比采摘它们更便宜。

在一个阳光明媚的早晨，在作家约翰·斯坦贝克（John Steinbeck）使其成名的加州索莱萨格的一个山谷中，詹姆斯·史密斯（James Smith）正面对着残酷的经济现实。

一名工人不无粗鲁地驾驶着拖拉机，将史密斯先生的品诺（Pinot）葡萄从地里连根拔起。另一名工人点燃了草地上的堆积物，那里堆满了多年来修剪下的葡萄藤。史密斯先生与妻子托巴茨科夫斯基（Tobaczkowski）并肩而立，看着他的一片品诺葡萄园化为烟雾。

他决定出售所有土地并关闭经营了二十年的业务，他表示：“对我来说，简直没有赚钱的办法。”

美国的葡萄酒销量处于 20 多年来的最低水平，随着公众健康警告称酒精有害健康的次数增加，人们饮酒量有所下降。由于饮酒者发现传统葡萄酒乏味且难以理解，转而倾向于选择多种鸡尾酒，或者其他更受欢迎的啤酒和烈酒，销量也因此受损。

品诺葡萄在全美葡萄酒产量的 80% 左右中发挥着作用，它或许最能说明该行业在美国的处境。

这种最初来自法国勃艮第地区的浓郁葡萄酒，在当地普通饮酒者中曾不如霞多莱（Chardonnay）受欢迎——

葡萄酒葡萄在加州的需求，尤其是品诺，随着葡萄酒销量的暴跌而枯竭。由于有如此之多的葡萄酒未能售出，直接让葡萄在藤上枯萎往往比采摘它们更便宜。在加州索莱萨格的萨拉索塔葡萄园（Sarasota Vineyard），上述左图显示，葡萄藤在被连根拔起后，堆积的藤蔓和残渣被火焚烧，见上述右图。

直到 2001 年电影《侧壁》（Sideways）上映，片中保罗·克莱马特（Paul Giamatti）饰演的一名怀揣小说家梦想的葡萄酒爱好者极力赞美品诺的“森林地表与火鸡”风味。

这部电影在加州引发了一场巨大的热潮。电影发生地中加州的品酒室里挤满了顾客。生产品诺的酒庄在极短的时间内就耗尽了库存。顾客在任何能买到这里的地方抢购。

“你几乎能感觉到那种氛围，”马克·麦考密利安斯（Mark McWilliams）说。他最近关闭了自己在索诺玛县（Sonoma County）的一家品诺品牌酒庄，并回忆起 2000 年代的疯狂，“所有人想要的都是品诺。”

在 20 世纪 70 年代初，史密斯先生的家人搬到了蒙特雷县（Monterey County）中部，因为他的父亲拥有农业学位且曾在实验室工作，看到了这里初创葡萄酒业务的前景。该地区位于旧金山以南约 100 英里（100 公里）处，是一个日照充足、夜晚多雾的农业中心，是栽培品诺和霞多莱所需精致葡萄的完美气候。

起初，史密斯先生的家人帮助其他葡萄园主种植葡萄。随后他们购买了自己的土地。久而久之，他的公司 Valley Farm Management 收购了 2,000 英亩（1,200 公顷）土地，并向州内一些最大的酒庄供应果实。

在《侧壁》走红之前，史密斯先生已经在种植品诺。之后，他用更多品诺取代了早期的一些葡萄品种。（由于片中吉马克饰演的角色对霞多莱不屑一顾，该片也打击了霞多莱的销量。）

在他的酒庄中，电影上映后的两年内利润达到最高。但史密斯先生表示，随着葡萄酒销量的暴跌，对葡萄酒葡萄（尤其是品诺）的需求在几年前开始枯竭。他尝试向其他酿酒师提供折扣，但仍然无法在财务上维持运营。

加利福尼亚州的低迷尤其打击了我们的红葡萄酒，这类酒以往口感更浓郁且酒精含量更高。在 2025 年，几十年来第一次，该州的酿酒师生产的红葡萄酒少于白葡萄酒。

Plant unit 仍然是加州第二受欢迎的红葡萄酒，专家表示，种植者正在拔除的一些葡萄藤是在《横向》电影上映后种植在不适合种植精致 plant 葡萄的地区的。

尽管如此，自 2025 年以来，加州的 plant 产量下降了 40%。在整个州，种植者还将这些葡萄更换为客户日益青睐的具有柠檬气息的白葡萄酒品种，例如 Sums 和 grime 'Vollions'。

“我们之前太以 plant 为中心了，”史密斯先生说。“然后需求就消失了。”

根据加州葡萄种植者协会的数据，在 2025 年，加州约有 30,000 英亩的酿酒葡萄被拔除，约占所有种植葡萄的 7%。根据行业估计，还有超过 50 万吨葡萄被丢弃。

“这是为了缓解压力并避免破产，”史密斯先生说，他将自己的奖杯葡萄园卖给了拥有 2 个以上葡萄酒品牌的 Jackson Family Wines，并将其他地块交给了一次股权活动。他正在折价出售设备以换取现金。

“这是我一生所做的一切，”史密斯先生说。“我得找一份新工作了。”

上个月，加州开始了全面的葡萄采收，预计仍有数千吨葡萄将被留在

该公司在全球范围内开展的第一项主要业务，预计将再次有数千吨葡萄被留在藤上。预计未来五年内将有数百家酒庄关闭，届时该行业预计将变得与其它行业一样。

“我在葡萄和葡萄酒行业工作了 50 年，但目前正在发生的变革和混乱仍然是一件大事，”L. Lake Vineyards & Wines 的总裁史蒂夫·莱克（Steve Lake）表示，该公司是 Pius Boilers 和蒙特雷县最大的葡萄酒生产商之一。

在东中国（An East China），圣巴巴拉的一家酒庄已经生产 plant unit 超过 40 年。在拍摄《横向》之前，电影中的故事访问了这家酒庄，在幕后了解了葡萄酒是如何酿造的。

总经理迈克尔·麦考利（Michael McAuley）表示，由于销售额下降，该酒庄计划在今年减少产量。长期以来作为美国顶级葡萄酒市场的加拿大部分省份，为了应对特朗普政府征收的关税，已禁止销售美国酒精产品。在长达一年的低迷之上，近期的贸易战造成了损失。麦考利先生表示，东中国（An East China）的销售额尤其受到影响。

他说，在经济大衰退期间，“胜利者”的推广情况更为糟糕，但他对其酒庄在行业紧缩中能够完成新的 2 million plant 收获充满信心。

“人们已经习惯了。我生活在这里，用葡萄酒搭配食物，”他说。“就像任何经历周期波动的生意一样。”

“比起我们失去葡萄藤，我更担心人工智能（A.I.）抢走我们的工作，”他的酿酒师马克·皮罗（Marc Piro）说道。

史密斯先生希望在接下来的几个月内彻底关闭业务。他不知道之后会发生什么。葡萄和葡萄园曾是他的退休计划。

即使他不再从事葡萄酒行业，史密斯先生仍计划继续饮用 plant out。

但实际上他最喜欢的酒类是什么？

“啤酒 and 威士忌，”他说。

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8 / 周六，周日，8月 1- 2, 2026

纽约时报 国际版

商业

亚洲农民渴求柴油

RAVILLARON, PRIOR PACE |

“我在退步，”他说。随着中东战争导致全球能源供应陷入僵局，数百万农民正面临着安全保障缺失和燃料价格上涨的困扰，这威胁到了他们的灌溉用水，并危及热能供应。面对歉收，亚洲和非洲的许多农村家庭正通过借贷来覆盖耕作成本，这挑战了他们生产未来作物的能力。

在世界大部分地区，strub 的关闭限制了土地和化肥的运输，导致价格大幅上涨。

由于危机需要对国际救援系统进行深刻且剧烈的削减，索马里和苏丹等国家正遭受严重的饥饿甚至饥荒。

在索马里等国家，生活标准的提高和土地的相对富足曾发挥作用，但如今这种命运的逆转正在上演。专家担心，灌溉成本的提高可能会导致更多农民陷入恐慌。

“如果这场柴油危机持续下去，农民可能不再有兴趣继续投资，”专注于可持续发展的全球研究机构 Change Initiative 的联合创始人及经济学家 Zafar Hossain Khan 表示。

这场战争给数十个国家带来了深刻的冲击——随着美国与伊朗之间日益扩大的冲突再次影响了通过挪威首个通道的交通，这种冲击现在正获得新的动能。

孟加拉国的情况代表了一个关键维度：灌溉中断。

根据我们的估计，全球四分之一的耕地为灌溉地，这些土地生产了全球 40 的粮食。由电力驱动的灌溉系统通常对环境更友好，且较少受到像 strub 关闭这类中断的影响。

但许多国家仍然依赖柴油。

根据美国地球物理联合会（American Geophysical Union）最近发布的一项研究，在菲律宾、越南、印度尼西亚、尼泊尔和埃塞俄比亚，几乎所有的灌溉泵都由柴油驱动。在孟加拉国，83% 的水泵依赖柴油。

专家一致认为，此类系统应增加太阳能驱动的操作，以降低成本并最大限度地减轻气候变化的影响。而且在许多地方，水泵正在耗尽地下水。

然而目前，数亿人的粮食生长仍依赖于柴油。

“它仍然是生命线，”孟加拉国农业大学经济学家、前副校长 Sattar Mandal 说道。“你不能停止挖掘、研究，或者你如何处理粮食安全问题。”

在孟加拉国，15 million 户土地规模较小的家庭共同生产了该国两项主要作物（单一作物）的三分之二以上。

鉴于小农场的普遍性，农业经济的任何波动都可能产生剧烈后果。

即使在最好的时代，种植粮食也需要希望。农民们习惯于能够自力更生。然而，这场已经进入第六个月的战争，在涉及美国等国家时，成为了一个前所未有的问题。

“我们的整个生活都改变了，”Hossain 先生的邻居 Nawad Islam 说。“我不知道这些国家是否一样。它们也一样。为什么广泛的担忧没有结果？我的国家没有任何秩序。”

左上，Sacral Hossain 从他村庄的一家公司借了 $6,000 筹资（约 $240）购买化肥，但他已经拖欠了还款。右上，一名农场工人从最近的水源向稻田运水。下方，为拖拉机购买柴油。加油站为了保护供应，限制小额购买。

HENKOT HOOK

甚至在战争爆发前，拥有 470 million 人口的孟加拉国就已经在应对巨大的挑战。

两年前的一场民众起义结束了谢赫·沙姆斯（Sheikh Shams）的独裁统治。但该国在向下一个 era. 过渡的过程中一直举步维艰。随后的临时政府及随后的选举政府描述了一个腐败的银行体系，以及一个由垄断财团主导的经济体。

中央银行在政治操纵下一直维持低利率以刺激经济增长。其结果是高通胀，目前已超过 9 percent。

去年，特朗普总统对孟加拉国征收了 2 percent 的关税，随后将关税降低至 20 percent。这对该国的纺织和服装业产生了冲击，而该行业提供了约 four million jobs。

随后发生了波斯湾冲突。

战争关闭了迪拜（阿拉伯联合酋长国）和多哈（卡塔尔）等南亚移民工人的关键就业中心。这危及了孟加拉国人每年寄回家的 200 亿美元 billion 资金。

冲突还导致能源价格上涨且难以保障。根据国际能源署的数据，孟加拉国依赖天然气（大部分进口自卡塔尔和阿曼）来产生三分之二的电力。冲突的枷锁阻断了这一供应流。

面对随之而来的电力短缺，政府优先保障像首都达卡（拥有 25 million 人口）这样的城市地区，而对农村地区实施轮流停电。

孟加拉国 40 percent 以上的柴油依赖进口。大部分供应由新加坡和马来西亚运输，而那里的炼油厂严重依赖来自中东的原油。

“我们确实非常脆弱，”负责达卡独立研究机构政策对话中心（Center for Policy Dialogue）的经济学家法雷达·汗娜（Fahreida Khanna）表示，“我们的经济依赖于中东国家。”

在接下来的十年里，在霍赛因先生种地的拉杰沙希市（Rajshahi）周边，一个地方政府实体——巴里萨尔·布德贾里普尔开发局（Barisal Budhjaripour Development Authority）运营着一个由国家电网供电的灌溉渠网络。它提供补贴，收费约为柴油抽水价格的三分之一。

但更高的电费成本损害了该局的经营。

负责该地区的马舍利安·拉多姆萨（Martialian Radomsa），52, 对他支付员工工资和维护灌溉工程的能力变得更加担忧。

如果系统恶化，农民可能会将种植水稻转向种植对水需求较低的作物，如小麦和玉米。

考虑到从化肥到农药的农业供应链是为水稻而设立的，这将使他们面临新风险。

“如果农民不能种水稻，”他说，“那么当地社区的整体财务稳定性将被侵蚀。”

在他的 729 square miles (1,845 square kilometres) 管辖范围内，有 16 percent 的农民通过他的渠道和水槽网络获得用水。但这排除了 25,000 名在很大程度上由土地超出覆盖范围的农民，比如达拉尔·霍赛因（Dalal Hossain）这样的农民。

灌溉与向上流动性

侯赛因先生离开了他在那里出生长大的村庄。他在同样一块甜酱（24公顷）的地块上耕作，那里曾是他父亲种植水稻的地方。

在他小时候，村里只有一间没有电或管道的简陋小屋，人们在周围的田地里解决生理需求。他附近唯一的提升是口用于饮用水的村井。他从未上过学。

如今，他和妻子卡玛拉·贝古姆，以及他们的六个成年子女和15个孙辈，在1991年拥有了一栋带有独立厕所的新房子。前院的一个水龙头提供了饮用水。他的长子大学毕业。所有的孩子都完成了高中学业。

侯赛因先生记得很清楚，他的村庄是在1993年6月翻新的，当时政府扩大了提供灌溉系统的能力。在那之前，他的家庭只能生产一次水稻；那时，他们听凭雨水的支配。当劳动力短缺时，他们只能提交单一的1,000价格。

灌溉系统的到来驱散了饥饿。侯赛因先生的大部分土地通过巴里萨尔当局的管道获得水源。很快，他们在同样的面积上收获的水稻增加了四倍。

随后在17年前，侯赛因先生和三名邻居出资投资了一台柴油泵，这使他们能够耕种电力系统范围之外的土地。

他们能够种植第二季水稻，就像那些被称为农畜的作物——1992年1月31日，那一年的街道月份。他们增加了一种第三季季节性作物，种植番茄、黄瓜和苦瓜。农场收益被用于支付种子、肥料和临时工。

但今年，经济状况因战争而失实。这就是侯赛因先生发现自己不得不与加油站的理发师打交道的原因。

揭开面纱

加油站坐落在一家砖厂对面的街道上，一条由运输卡车、巴士和载货车占据的高速公路——一种建筑砖块的黏稠混乱。

侯赛因先生在新的干净罐子顶端戴着一块棉质头巾。夜幕降临，他将头巾铺在地上，在极短的睡眠中休息。

由于有些人试图通过比规定价格高出40或50百分比的价格来购买，车站限制了购买量——仅够维持泵运行一两天。

由于农民不得不依赖信贷，成本超出了财务范围，导致了不可控制的累积。

萨克拉尔·侯赛因（达拉尔·侯赛因的亲戚）从村里的一家合作社借了6,000孟加拉国塔卡（约$240）来购买肥料。他已经拖欠了月度还款。

合作社的成员是他的邻居，是那些他在市场中打交道的人，这使他觉得不得不购买更少的食物。“我觉得羞愧，”49岁的侯赛因先生说。

两个月前，在秋季一个重要的穆斯林节日期间，他放弃了为两个儿子购买新衣物的惯例。

“这是我们经历过的最艰难的一次，”他说。

在自己的家中，达拉尔·侯赛因最近在准备雇佣劳工收获蔬菜时，从另一个儿子那里接过了巴士。

“我以前给孩子们钱，”他说。“后来，我开始向他们借钱，35年，祖辈式的债务。”

达拉尔·侯赛因参与了报道。

开源人工智能模型给北京带来新风险

中国，此前步伐 |

卡内基国际和平基金会高级研究员马特·希汉（Matt Sheehan）表示，一个缺乏安全限制的机构，尤其是在开源环境下，将面临风险。

他表示，北京担心先进模型可能会被用于发起任何网络攻击或规避安全防护，或者使设计和创造新型病毒或其他生物制剂变得更加容易。

“如果这些模型确实具备了这些危险能力，且没有引导，那么在重新获取它们方面将变成一场毫无节制的乱战，”希汉先生说道。

Anthropic 和 OpenAI 表示，某些人工智能模型过于危险，不能在公开环境下开发，必须受到严格控制，并就中国模型向华盛顿方面提出了担忧。然而，中国及其他群体指出，一些最敏感的模型其实涉及闭源的美国模型。

中国对人工智能的关注在近期北京举行的一次网络犯罪研讨会上有所体现，与会者在会上警告了包括数据泄露和欺骗性图像在内的风险。影响力巨大的中国科技高管 Hungry 提醒听众，由于像 Mytless 这样旨在建立中国影响力的先进人工智能等突破性模型的出现，中国比以往任何时候都更容易受到网络攻击。

会议还讨论了人工智能的数据投毒（data poisoning），即攻击者通过干预管理数据来制造新风险。在北京看来，此类手段可能被用于使人工智能系统生成政治颠覆性的回复。

中国国家安全部在 4 月份警告称，数据投毒是对“政治和意识形态安全”的威胁。该部门表示，“反华势力”——这是该党对威胁或批评北京的人权活动家的代称——可能会通过训练使模型更倾向于反对该党，从而利用人工智能模型。

这可能包括提供关于国内起源的信息，或破坏国家关于新疆远西地区（中国在该地区对穆斯林民族群体实施镇压）以及台湾（北京声称其为领土的民主治理岛屿）叙事的实事。

澳大利亚战略政策研究所的网络专家亚历克斯·科尔维尔（Alex Colville）表示，对于北京而言，在公众舆论方面最糟糕的情况是，“人工智能学生正在传播该党不希望人们听到的事情”。

路透社和《金融时报》上个月报道称，中国商务部已与阿里巴巴等领先的中国人工智能公司会面，讨论如何激励其顶尖模型的访问权限。该部门和相关公司未回应置评请求。

即使是对这些开源模型（IG）的处理方式也表明，中国公司采取的步骤更为缓慢。其权重的发布——即显示软件如何运行的数值——是在模型推出一周后才进行的。这与中国其他更敏感的模型不同，那些模型的权重在模型公布的同时就已提供。

分析人士表示，中国的长期目标是设定全球人工智能标准，以

中国最高领导人习近平表示，中国需要“不断完善措施，防止人工智能模型失控”。

领先于美国，并使世界依赖中国的硬件和数据系统（这些系统被统称为一个标准）。

“有一种感觉是，中国试图用多样性来替代，”研究与咨询公司 Trivium China 的合伙人康德拉·谢弗（Kondra Schaefer）表示，“中国在过去的 20 年里一直试图开发一种技术标准，使第三方国家觉得它比美国起源的更有吸引力或更具吸引力，事实证明这非常、非常困难。”

分析人士表示，在这种主张下，中国将尝试威胁一个模型。它已决定对外国访问某些人工智能系统实施限制。

这可能意味着限制访问于

在一段时间内限制最先进的人工智能系统，而让较弱模型的访问权限保持不变，这与特朗普政府对 Antirepist 所采取的行动不同。“我们在周一得到了由与中国国家广播电视台有长期联系的 Yeyuan Taichun 提供的进展。”

“中国支持开放，但这并不意味着它主张所有能力的无条件扩散，”该人士表示。

Schaefer 先生表示，北京还可能要求中国人工智能的出口商申请许可证，就像它控制关键材料和稀土磁体能力那样。

这将与北京发出的信号一致，即人工智能能力是战略性国家资产，在超级大国竞争中，北京不愿让其随意流通。4 月，中国监管机构对 Meta 收购 Miasan 进行了审查，后者是一家总部位于新加坡但成立于中国的人工智能公司；安全审查结论认为，应禁止对外资投资该公司。

关于中国可能会实施控制的前景，在硅谷引发了一场激烈的辩论，主要商业人士认为人工智能软件本质上具有风险。

上个月，OpenAI 表示其两款人工智能及专家成功支持了 Huggling Free，这是一个人工智能软件的数字图书馆。

Hugging Free 表示，它不得不部署一个名为 GLM-G2 的开源模型（由中国初创公司 J.M. 制作）来帮助处理违规事件，因为美国人工智能模型的控制限制阻止了 Hugging 的操作。于 6 月发布的 GLM-G2 同样代表了中国人工智能的尖端水平。

“我们都意识到了，保密并不是解决所有问题的答案（不仅仅是那些非常专业的人），尤其是对于那些不受限制地使用最强大模型的开放用户而言，”Hugging Free 首席执行官 Clement Dalangue 在 X 上写道。

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纽约时报 国际版

2026年8月1-2日，周六-周日 / 9

观点

我们的爱泼斯坦愤怒掩盖了什么

对一项措施挥舞拳头地愤怒很容易。但真正地帮助被剥削的女孩会更有效。

Nicholas Kristof

霍尔斯滕市 (HOLSTENS CITY) —— 爱泼斯坦·汉密尔顿 (Epstein Hamilton) 在 12 岁起就以最不幸的方式成为了性贩卖的“专家”。因此，每当她听到关于杰弗里·爱泼斯坦 (Jeffrey Epstein) 案的讨论，“它就会给我带来强烈的负面触发”，她回忆道。

“我会在噩梦中惊醒，想到与此相关的事情，然后就这样无法控制地哭泣，”她告诉我，“因为我知道此时此刻有数以千计，甚至更多女性、儿童甚至男性在遭受痛苦。而世界上其他所有人只是在处理自己的事情，表现得好像他们无能为力。”

“这就是像那样的人能逍遥法外，继续贩卖人口的原因，”她说。

当前的一个矛盾之处在于，人们对爱泼斯坦及其共犯感到极度愤怒——理应如此——但几乎没有努力去保护那些在全国乃至全球范围内继续被掌控的女孩或男孩。我们理所应当对权势人物在爱泼斯坦袭击中所表现出的普遍漠视感到震惊，但我们在集体层面上，对随处可见的廉价旅馆中继续发生的捕食行为表现出了同样的漠视。事实是，对女孩和男孩的剥削每天都在继续，其规模是爱泼斯坦所做任何事情的数千倍。

汉密尔顿说，她的悲剧始于她大约 6 个月大时，她对药物成瘾的父母被谋杀。她说，她的祖母随后将她交给一个儿童黑帮成员以换取海洛因，在经历了虐待后，她进入了一个功能失调的世界；她补充道，在 12 岁时，她加入了她父亲的队伍，那是一个皮条客，开始将她以及他控制的其他女性出卖。

我们有时想象贩子从街头或青少年女孩中跳出来，将她们迷晕并强行带走，将她们锁在散热器上。但我写关于人口贩卖的内容已经超过 25 年了，大多数贩子利用的是那些唯一能接触到的暴力地带的女孩。由于需要住所、渴望爱，这些女孩往往在现实中是不可见的——她们处于无助的状态。

“人们对什么是人口贩卖、它看起来像什么，存在一个整体的误解，”克里斯汀·鲍曼 (Kristin Bowman) 说道，她在 7 岁时被一个同样是毒贩的女性亲属控制。“人们认为那是白色的面包车，是有人在你的车上贴标签。”她指的是一个都市传说，即贩子开着商业面包车绑架女孩，并在车上做绑架标记。

事实是，对女孩和男孩的剥削每天都在继续，其规模是爱泼斯坦所做任何事情的数千倍。

鲍曼拥有这些脆弱性。她说，一名女性家庭朋友利用了这一点，将她出卖以换取性服务。“她强迫我为了钱和毒品与人睡觉，”鲍曼回忆道。

令人遗憾的是，当我们试图帮助这些孩子时，我们经常吓跑他们。我们将他们视为坏孩子、麻烦制造者或离家出走者，而我们却输给了那些虐待他们的人。

鲍曼说，当她 12 岁时，一名男子因性侵她而被逮捕。“他被判定有罪，”她说，“他被判了 30 天。”最近的记录证明了这一点。

我问她是否有任何强制报告人员——例如教师或医生——发现了她被虐待的证据并向当局报告。相反，她说，本该照顾她的当局人员也虐待她。其中一人被抓获并定罪，但他仅被质疑了几个陪审员。

难怪鲍曼不信任权威人物。他们所做的唯一事情就是剥削她。

我是通过一家名为 Dragonfly 的卓越非营利组织结识鲍曼（Bowman）和汉密尔顿（Hamilton）的，该组织为俄克拉荷马州的贩traficking幸存者提供服务。这些地方性的倡议——提供从心理治疗、医疗护理到去除皮条客烙印等一切强有力的支持——具有不可估量的价值，但它们却严重缺乏资源。当一个女孩离开皮条客时，为她寻找一个避风港往往是一场艰苦的抢夺战。

当援助到来时，它可以带来改变。汉密尔顿和鲍曼现在都是人类贩卖幸存者安全保障领域的领导者。

“我们的资金不足，而对我们服务的需求却在增加，”Dragonfly 的创始人惠特尼·安德森（Whitney Anderson）表示，“我们将要面对的是那些经历过最糟糕情况的幸存者。他们遭受了人类绝不应承受的对待，而他们现在信任我们。因此，我们要提供最好的服务。”

如果我们认真对待打击贩卖问题，我们可以增加对全球此类计划的支持。我们可以关闭皮条客用来为女孩（有时包括男孩）打广告的网站，就像检察官和反 Backpage 运动曾经主导该领域那样。我们可以坚持要求社交媒体平台不得容纳那些在页面上使用暗示性语言的贩卖者（如果 14 岁的人能听懂，这些公司同样也能听懂）。我们可以付出更大的努力来起诉皮条客，并起诉皮条客以抑制让贩卖者生存的消费需求。

最重要的是，我们可以做更多工作来帮助家庭和儿童，让他们不至于进入被贩卖的渠道。处于体制内（in home）的女孩可能会面临特殊的风险；虽然没有相关的统计数据，但在进行了数十年的采访之后，如果体制内的女孩最终被贩卖的可能性高于从四年制大学毕业，我不会感到惊讶。

然而，我们并没有帮助这些脆弱的儿童，反而放大了这一事实：特朗普总统在社会服务（如心理健康和成瘾治疗）方面的削减，可能会导致更多弱势群体，更多损失，以及更多被贩卖的儿童。

我正在进行年度的“赢得一次旅行”之旅，计划邀请一名大学生随我进行报道采访——今年是耶鲁大学的多诺休·蒂杰万纳（Donahue Tijewanna）——在塔尔萨（Tulsa），我们参观了一个名为 Educare 的杰出学前教育（pre-K）系统，服务于当地家庭。在我看来，Educare 就像是一个模型，它能改善成果并减少成瘾和贩卖，然而美国一直不愿为那些最需要它的孩子投资高质量的学前教育。

在肯塔基州，我们访问了自由之家（Freedom House），该机构帮助母亲们克服成瘾。如果我们认真对待贩卖问题，我们应该让更多此类计划广泛可用。但美国的成瘾治疗资金不足，而特朗普对医疗救助（Medicaid）资金的削减将使问题更加恶化。

我与保守派的争论点在于，他们捍卫那些能够（即便不完美地）减少易受剥削儿童数量的计划。我与自由派的争论点在于，他们中有人主张通过某些方式将性工作合法化，而这实际上会保护私人的皮条客行为（任何认为皮条客是女孩的“商业伙伴”的人都缺乏对事实的认知）。我与公众的争论点在于，当我们看着爱泼斯坦（Epstein）的朋友们被审判时，如果我们在不知不觉中任由街道对面发生贩卖儿童进行性交易的行为，这种愤怒就显得像是在作秀。

看看卡西迪·豪尔斯塔德（Cassidy Haulstad），她在一个功能失调的家庭中长大，11 岁时被一名声称爱她的皮条客骗走——随后在被出卖的过程中遭受饥饿。现年 28 岁的她回忆起在接下来的 14 年里，她为许多不同的皮条客工作，钱总是被他们拿走。他们经常给她设定每日收益指标，如果没达标，她就会遭到殴打。她的身体上留有皮条客为了确立对她的所有权而烙下的印记。

Haulstad 表示，在她流落街头的那些年里，她经常为她的皮条客招募女孩。她陈述道，他会寻找那些穿着破旧凉鞋、衣服不整或头发凌乱、缺乏自信的女孩。“来吧，”她会对女孩说，“我们会照顾你的。”这是利用口才对脆弱年轻女性进行的情感操纵，但这并非公众所认为的人口贩卖中那种绑架行为。

“我认为，提高人们对儿童性贩卖的意识真的很难，”现年 60 岁的 Haulstad 说道。她经历了药物成瘾、切除子宫以及重新抚养女孩的阶段。她说：“因为没有人拿枪指着我的头，我也没有被强行塞进面包车里被饿死，不是那种情况。”

如果我们能攻击爱泼斯坦（Epstein）是一个怪物，那么现在需要的不是对着他的罪行摇头叹息，而是一项真正的举措，去帮助全美各地那些挣扎在绝望中的男孩女孩，尤其是那些在寻求帮助后依然未能获得帮助，或者根本没有获得任何帮助的人。

上述的 Felix Bowman、Ms. 和 Whitney Anderson 致力于在俄克拉荷马州帮助人口贩卖的幸存者。

挫败 FIFA 的私募股权计划

足球协会应当阻止 FIFA 总裁詹尼·因凡蒂诺将其出卖。

Nathan Goldberg Crerier

足球，以及这项运动给全球数十亿人带来的快乐，不仅仅是一项体育运动。它是一种神圣的公共利益。这使得作为足球全球管理机构的 FIFA 成为了公共信托的管理人，而这种信托应当受到坚决的保护。

然而，FIFA 主席詹尼·因凡蒂诺计划将未来世界杯收入的一部分股权出售给私人所有者。FIFA 周二宣布，它打算成立一个名为 “FIFA Forward Enterprise” 的新实体，该实体将集中管理其最大型赛事（包括世界杯和俱乐部世界杯），并启动“广播、赞助、许可、票务和款待服务”。

根据宣布的内容，由 The New Capital 领导的私人投资者将以 43 亿美元$ 亿美元购买 FIFA Forward 22 percent 的股权。FIFA 将保留该新实体的多数股权，并继续监管这项运动，包括其赛事和卓越的总量发展。

为了这项运动的利益，足球的区域性管理机构应当拒绝这种过度商业化的自动框架，并提醒因凡蒂诺先生，足球并非可供出售的商品。美国法律副总裁以及顶级的区域同行们将认同我的观点，并效仿欧足联（UEFA）这一管理欧洲足球的强大组织的做法。

欧足联已威胁称，除非因凡蒂诺先生让步，否则将退出所有 FIFA 赛事。欧足联的成员包括现任世界冠军西班牙，以及前世界杯冠军法国、德国、意大利和英国。没有它们，就不存在真正意义上的世界杯。代表北美、中美洲和加勒比地区的洲际联合会 Concacaf，以及周四重新选举后的非洲、亚洲、大洋洲和南美洲的年度赛季，应当为了足球而加入这一阵营。

FIFA 确实有责任利用这项运动的商业价值来投资全球足球的发展。从阿富汗到津巴布韦，从阿拉巴马州到怀俄明州，每一个申请都值得获得一个机会，让这项“美丽游戏”改善他们的生活，教会他们标志性的团队协作和公平竞争，而不是贪婪。无需因凡蒂诺先生将世界杯——其最核心的瑰宝——的大量份额出售给一家私募股权公司，FIFA 也能实现这一点。

FIFA 并不缺钱。该组织预计将宣布近期世界杯创纪录的 100 亿美元$ 亿美元资金，且因凡蒂诺先生对足球商业风险投资 300 亿美元$ 亿美元的估值在 2025 赛季的长期成功中将持续增长。广播权价值的上升使 FIFA 几乎成为了一个必然的金库。

因凡蒂诺先生自称是缺乏组织能力和预算的弱小国家的捍卫者。确实，许多 FIFA 成员在足球的巨大财富中获得了利益。我在圣基茨和尼维斯足球协会工作时就体验到了这一点。但如果所有未来的世界杯资金继续回流到 FIFA（FIFA 在法律上有义务将这些资金重新投资于足球运动的增长），他们难道不会获益更多吗？将其交易给私人利益以换取一次性

赔付，是一种降级行为。

因凡蒂诺先生如此急于出售这项运动，以至于他给足球区域协会设定了一个随意的 25 天期限，要求在其任期结束前批准其目标。如果他在任期届满卸任 FIFA 主席后担任该新实体的专员，他可能会获得数千万美元的薪水。《泰晤士报》报道：（FIFA 告诉《泰晤士报》，此类安排“从未被讨论过”。）对于 The New Capital 的创始人杰克·克肖（其兄弟大卫是特朗普总统的得力助手和顾问）来说，这是将世界杯奉上银盘；而对于因凡蒂诺先生来说，这是一个自私且可耻的“金色降落伞”。将 FIFA 的经济运营……

将中心转交给私募股权，违背了足球作为公共利益的精神。尽管有相反的说法，但此举可能会通过赋予私募股权利益集团和 / 或联盟维持利润的权力，从而改变决策权。而且，考虑到国际足联（FIFA）长期以来腐败的记录，引入一种更为独特的财务结构可能会成为滋生弊端的温床。因凡蒂诺先生表示，为了推进其公共使命，接受私人投资在国际足联的权力范围之内。在某种程度上，他是正确的；国际足联确实可以这样做，就像它能在今年夏天改变世界杯其他项目的专业定价并依然找到热切的买家一样。但维护我们的运动意味着在国际足联“能做什么”和“应该做什么”之间划定理智且符合伦理的界限，

而这正是因凡蒂诺先生反复未能领悟的地方。

我们走到这一步的方式揭露了因凡蒂诺先生领导能力中的另一个致命缺陷。他表现得就像特朗普总统所描述的那样，认为自己是“足球之王”，可以通过法令来统治这项运动。根据国际足联理事会（其主要决策团体）成员的说法，他对此项目的隐瞒之深，而该项目将永远改变国际足联。而且，如果他就这样忽视对足球未来的管理——计划与私人利益集团密谋，随后才传达给足球领导者——那么他并不适合负责我们的运动。

因凡蒂诺先生对良好治理的破坏已将国际足联推向崩溃的边缘。他在削弱足球民主价值的同时，将国际足联会员协会的进一步资助与他们的角色挂钩，这种做法更接近于中间人地带而非民主。为了击败因凡蒂诺先生对这项运动的利己主义和跨国野心，全球各地的协会不仅必须反对因凡蒂诺先生的愿景，还必须反对因凡蒂诺先生本人。

我坚信国际足联可以在继续履行发展体育商业使命的同时，表达这样一种理念：某些文化资源应当为了公共利益而予以保留。我们不能在一名旨在为了个人利益而出卖足球的领导者带领下，将国际足联推向未来。

内森·戈德堡（NATHAN GOLDBERG CREATER），曾任国家女子足球联赛格雷厄姆·费尔（Graham Fell）的首席足球官，现就读于哈佛法学院。

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10 / 星期六，星期日，2020年8月1-2日

纽约时报 国际版

观点

纽约时报

由 John C. Smith 出版

A.I., SULZBERGER 出版人

俄亥俄州哥伦布市 出版人

德克萨斯州达拉斯市 出版人

俄亥俄州克利夫兰市 出版人

ALEXANDER MAIDEN 出版人

我们需要一个更好的危险人工智能测试

Brett J. Goldstein

目前关于人工智能最重要的一场争论，或许是如何判定哪些模型可以安全发布，而哪些模型过于危险。

由于这场争论的代价如此之高，至少 OpenAI 已经将其公开：一个展示了人工智能公司在服务中出现漏洞的案例。根据 OpenAI 的说法（该公司可能在事件发生一周后才报告），其模型在进行一项网络安全测试时，意识到解决方案可能涉及非法入侵。这并不奇怪，因为这意味着一个包含其他人工智能技术的数字库，许多开发人员可以利用该库使模型脱离其原本应处于的两个环境，进而进入互联网，实施入侵。Open AI 表示，直到入侵行为被报告并被拦截后，它才意识到自己的模型做了什么。OpenAI 随后表示，它随后发现这些模型还在其他公开服务上创建了账户。令人印象深刻吗？（纽约时报）

在一次旨在迷惑模型的受控测试中，这些人工智能模型无法被禁锢在副本之中。政策制定者理应保护社会。

应对人工智能带来的安全风险，意味着必须接受一个无法改变的事实：人工智能模型就是武器。

大多数人都认同，一旦超过某个界限，它们就变成了武器。政府本身不足以决定该界限位于何处——政府无法监管它不理解的东西。这条界限必须经过共同商定，易于识别，并且经常被重新审视。而且，这条线必须尽快划定。

控制这类武器意味着限制人们行使力量的能力。在冷战期间，我们差一点就将其分发给彼此，但我们没有这样做——因为人们仍然掌控着发射这些武器的权力。拥有核武器和使用核武器是两回事。

人工智能模糊了这种区别，因为它是一种能够自我适应并包含其自身运行机制的武器。而且，对于那些计划安装给任何人使用的真实人工智能来说，用户是否受到了适当的约束可能并不重要。模型可能仍然会超出我们的控制能力地运行。约束需要一种

目前的状况是，一个任何人都可以有效使用的武器实际上没有任何约束。

能够运行的人工智能将杀死人们的模型，并对强力、危险或恶意的请求做出响应。如果你要求一个模型进行攻击（例如攻击一家医院），该模型将

人工智能模型是武器

The New York Times Company, 40 Capitol Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10036, (212) 687-2000

ROBERT HOFFT (2020) 纽约时报

MICHAEL JOHNSON 出版人

BILLIE MILLER 出版人

BILLIE MILLER 出版人

比莉·米勒 出版人

比莉·米勒 出版人

接受你们的命运吧，先生们。不要穿短裤去办公室。

David Coggins

漫长的夏季在如今这些奇怪的地方展开。我们城市的停滞天气令人烦躁，就像空调（一个单一的电网费用）。最新的想法，可能就像乔治·菲尔普斯（George Phelps）关于你祖父的那些墙壁一样，是我在办公室里穿短裤。我们必须在第二次开放时被第二次将军，但你真的想穿短裤去开会吗。

到处都是夏天，且不受影响。你在周一早晨醒来，在 5,500 标尺的死燃料下穿着准备出门。当你在办公室被要求执行流程时，你可能会被专业领导者 / 教育者的感觉所吞噬，尤其是如果你必须从她的乡间别墅中填补进来。你发送给一名国会同事的电子邮件回复说，他将协助她另外四周。

你悲伤的目光和欣然惊叹，马乔里（Marjorie），你多年前就放弃了悲伤，但即使是你起草的关于“严苛休闲”的观点也令人压抑。你想要的不是刻板的评论，而是自由、空气流通和热缓解。换句话说，你想在办公室穿短裤。

当然你想，夏莉（Sharry）是休闲的，短裤是相关的，短裤是舒适的。夏莉不在头条新闻里，不在制造股票，也不在撰写季度报告。

但那个在办公室穿短裤的人是在告诉你（身体渴望成为）谁在穿。他确实想在其他地方这一事实并不能成为借口。繁荣的需求时机已经到来，但请记住。

你知道谁在工作时穿短裤吗？世界杯计划。27 天前传播的公开故事。他们更愿意与其他运动员在一起，只要每天能做出家庭决定。他们不仅是一笔好交易，而且是最重要的事情，仅在梦幻般的受控工作室中进行治疗。你知道谁在工作时不穿短裤吗？我会成为我家庭的一个问题。这就是为什么一个工作室据称也被称为，拥有精彩且独特的个人形象，他们称之为“日本人”，但提供了一个建议：“不要穿”是一种选择。

当三周的工作量是学校或工程——制造护理人员、黑色海报、任何下车的人。“请将您的腿和手放在鞋上”，黑色，随你怎么称呼。但一个穿短裤的男人不会开始向往，而一种治疗意味着自信。夏莉应该属于那些警察。百慕大或你周围的营地，安德森小姐（Miss Anderson）的电影。

然后我希望，学生体验的典范，我会在办公室里表现得很好吗？当然不，我做了戈登·克罗夫顿（Gordon Crofton），在企业知识产权许可下，穿着短裤接收，通过清算人的生活而合作，尤其是如果你愿意离开她的乡间别墅。你发送给一名国会同事的电子邮件回复说，他将协助她另外四周。你想做你所做的事，而我不希望在办公室里成为一个好人。

警告之枪已经鸣响。下次出现像 OpenAI 那样的攻击时，我们将不再看到相关内容。在我们的决定路径中没有变化，而这就是如何处理一件武器。你是空军中的一名勤奋工作者，而你不是办公室里的勤奋工作者。

我们都在办公室里，但我并不想在办公室里成为一个好人。

我们都在办公室里，但我不想成为办公室里的一个好员工。

或者办公室部门，杰克·莱蒙森（Jack Lemonson）或者《公寓》（The Apartment）？布伦达·布罗德斯（Brenda Brothers）的剪影，随后和 / 或给雪莉·麦克莱恩（Shirley MacLane）一个微笑。

从那时起，办公室已经改变了。你在斯特林（Sterling）不再喝威士忌。你比你的 501 稍微好一点，而且你正准备参加一场马拉松。你不必这样做。你在应用程序上点一份沙拉。你不再抽烟，而是正照顾着一个

初学者，并在下午三点共进两周的午餐。我们最近在工作。

这就是我们不应该在学校或工程领域做的事情——制造护理人员，黑色海报，任何下车的人。

我更希望她能成为办公室里的一个好员工。我们最近在工作。办公室已经开始面对一定程度的冲突

它；那个月里的一种模糊感。你是空军中的一名勤奋工作者，而你也是空军中的一名勤奋工作者。

我们都在办公室里，但我不想成为办公室里的一个好员工。

或者办公室部门，杰克·莱蒙森（Jack Lemonson）还是《公寓》（'The Apartment'）？布伦达·布罗瑟斯（Brenda Brothers）的剪影，在……和 / 或之后，以及给雪莉·麦克莱恩（Shirley MacLane）的一个微笑。

但我们都在办公室里，但我不想成为办公室里的一个好员工。我们都在办公室里，但我不想成为办公室里的一个好员工。

但我们都在办公室里，但我不想成为办公室里的一个好员工。

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纽约时报 国际版

2026年8月1-2日，星期六-星期日 / 11

国际家居

从他称之为家的帆船上被抛弃

Gavin Bladen 担任 Hemisphere 号船长已有 15 年。现在，船主要将其出售。

地中海

作者：ROPIDA KASTEIN

对于 26.5 million 欧元的潜在买家来说，他们会对完美程度有极高的期待，而 Gavin Bladen 船长相当确信，他在 6 月一个近 10 million 度的日子里，在法国里维埃拉地中海船员处停泊的一艘五缆豪华双体船所能提供的条件，已经极其接近完美了。

14 岁的 Bladen 先生身着白色工作服，脚蹬炭灰色短裤，光着脚，在来自摩纳哥的游艇经纪人访客踏上柚木甲板时已准备就绪。他握住客人的手，递上一杯饮料，并在船身在亮蓝色海水中轻轻摇晃时，轻柔地开始推销这艘名为 Hemisphere 的船。其所有者是一位名为 Anthony Marlen 的富有的 10 岁美国人，他正准备将其出售，这让 Bladen 先生面临一个他不愿面对的局面：为他 15 年来的家——而且是一个如梦似幻的家——寻找买家。

这次参观是一次微妙且不露痕迹的展示，旨在展现 Hemisphere 号安静但不可否认的奢华。有没有像这种飞机级材质的覆盖物一样有纹理的东西？注意到 16 岁冬季主舱地板的起伏饰面了吗？看看户外用餐区如何配备顶置空调，这样即使在市场波动且难以忍受的酷热中也能使用？

游艇经纪人 Simon Ting 代表“一位热爱冒险活动的特定客户”来看中 Hemisphere 号，似乎并不太感冒。Ting 先生说，更新的船只拥有低于水线的落地窗舱室，这种功能如此具有互动性，以至于“海豚会对你眨眼”。

Bladen 先生无法与眨眼的海豚竞争。而且他意识到，有些超级游艇规模远超 Hemisphere 号，拥有喷气滑水设备和无边泳池，以及水族馆式的窗户。

但帆式双体船与大多数动力驱动的超级游艇不同。Hemisphere 号是一艘双尾帆船（尽管它也拥有强大的动力），其船宽 10 英尺（17 meter），大约是同长度典型动力船宽度的两倍，确保了极其稳定地航行。它已环球航行三次，抵达了地球上一些最隐秘的潜水环境。这艘 100 英尺长的船直到 2010 年 152 英尺长的 Aerosphere 号下水之前，一直是世界上最大的帆式双体船。“就绿色吨位而言，我们仍然是最大的，”Bladen 先生指出。

Bladen 先生参与了 Hemisphere 号的设计与建造，自 2011 年从英国 Fahnacht 首次启航以来便一直居住在船上。他的几乎整个生活都在船上。在过去的十年里，他的女友 44 岁的 Fatima Liakens 与他同住，在船上担任管家。主舱内摆放着一个 2 英尺乘 3 英尺的木制屏风，那是 Bladen 先生在巴黎买的，他也是在那里遇到 Liakens 女士的。后甲板上那些 30 岁的“年年树”（他同样买回来的，并确保它们得到了妥善的修剪、保护和养护）。

甚至船主 Marlen 博士也将 Hemisphere 号视为 Bladen 先生的家。“毫无疑问，”他在电话采访中表示。Marlen 博士及其家人每年使用该船约一个月，且始终由 Bladen 先生掌舵。Bladen 先生照顾这艘船，监管一名九人船员团队，以每周 €250,000 的费用（另加 10% 的杂费及员工小费）运营租赁业务。

现在，Bladen 先生面临的可能性是，他长期以来习惯的安稳生活可能很快就会失去。

新船主可能不希望进行租赁——

而非乘船环球航行，而是选择在从加勒比海到地中海的固定双体船航线上往返。船长们将这段旅程称为“牛奶航线” (milk run)，虽然对于大多数时间生活在陆地上的人来说这听起来很有趣，但布拉登先生认为这毫无意思。下一任所有者可能会采取比马伦博士更企业化的经营方式，决定布拉登先生雇佣谁以及如何管理租船业务。或者，他们可能已经有了自己的船长，导致布拉登先生失业。

“这 100 进来完全取决于租船成本，”布拉登先生在廷先生离开后说道，廷先生在离开时含糊地表示会与他的客户沟通。“我可能会找到那个解雇我的人。”

布拉登先生在 2001 年与马伦博士相识，当时他是英属维尔京群岛一艘 57 英尺双体船“Double-Fraham”号的船长。马伦博士是一名心脏科医生，他创办了一家健康保险公司，后来将其以 26 亿美元 billion 的价格卖给了联合健康集团 (UnitedHealth Group)。当时他租了这艘船，与妻子蕾妮及其他家人一起潜水一周。他立即就看中了布拉登先生，因为布拉登先生耐心地引导马伦博士的妻子完成潜水认证过程，在她信心和技巧增长的过程中一直陪伴在她身边。

这对夫妇后来再次回来度假，布拉登先生说，这一次马伦博士“给了我动力和渴望去寻找一艘大的双体船”来购买。但市场上没有任何船看起来值那个钱。“这件事本该到此为止，”布拉登先生说。

但事实并非如此，因为布拉登先生随后建议马伦博士拥有自己的一艘船，于是布拉登先生发现自己在采访全球顶级的游艇设计师。一度他们发现了一艘正在建造的 130 英尺双体船，但在马伦博士出价之前，它在造船厂被烧毁了。两人坚持了下来，随着每一次采访，“大船”的定义在不断扩大。“你拿到一张 85 英尺的图纸，会觉得‘太棒了！看看这个’。然后是 90 英尺、95 英尺、100 英尺，”布拉登先生回忆道。

布拉登先生雇佣了一名游艇设计师、一名室内设计师和一名建造商，并管理了这个跨越两大洲的升级项目。当最初的造船厂破产时，项目几乎脱轨，这使得原本应该是四年的项目变成了七年的造船过程，并将成本从 $17 million 增加到 $57 million。

他搬到康涅狄格州监督建造，在破产之后，最终将这艘 100 吨的船装上一艘货轮，并以乘客身份陪同它横跨大西洋。两年后，在 2011 年，马伦一家在一个多风的下午聚集在一起，准备进行首航。他们围绕在布拉登先生身边，看着他将“Hemisphere”号驶向大海，开往地中海。

这开启了一场史诗般的航行，布拉登先生随之访问了 75 个国家——在密克罗尼西亚、印度、法属波利尼西亚、埃及和加拉帕戈斯群岛潜水——有时陪同马伦一家，有时是租船客户，有时则只有船员。他曾与一只座头鲸及其幼崽并肩航行（母鲸并不高兴）。他与 serpa 一起游泳。在波多黎各的一场风暴中，船只在视野中被吹向大海，直到 2019 年才在精疲力竭且虚弱的情况下靠岸。布拉登先生给这个 Italian Rodes 起名，并喂它鱼碎屑。Rodes 在他们到达大溪地之前的两周里一直跟在船边，然后飞走了。

在游艇经纪人结束对“Hemisphere”号的参观后，布拉登先生在离开法国南部前往克罗地亚杜科尔沃克 (Dukorvok) 之前还有 30 小时。这是一次远洋航行，目的是接上一位租了该船两周的客户。

马伦先生失去了他的……他们开始全天候工作，四小时工作，八小时休息，禁止饮酒——一名船员称此为“借口”——他们想在附近的尼斯度过一个夜晚，庆祝一名乘务员的 22 岁生日。

当船员们准备开派对时，布莱登先生正在考虑在“半球号”（Hemisphere）下一次租赁航程中，需要从葡萄酒商那里取回的那几瓶单价 €300 的酒。“我不能放手一切，”他说。“所以今晚当他们在喝酒、庆祝‘生日快乐’时，我依然需要处理事情，”他仍在工作。“我的接班时间还在跳动。这永远不是件好事。”

在五个体面的舱室里，布莱登先生享受着他为客人提供的许多便利。他能用上热毛巾，且无需自己洗衣服。他也不用自己做饭；那是厨师的任务。

提供所有这些奢侈服务并不便宜。“半球号”拥有 2 台发动机、3 台发电机和 4 台空调压缩机。在满足需求时，它每天消耗 10 加仑燃料（在航行期间，最高可达 0.01.）。它通过反渗透技术自行制造淡水，储存在一个 2-hr. 1,250 加仑的水箱中。加上停泊费、航行费和维护成本，每年的维护总额高达 $3 million。租赁费用抵消了大约一半的成本。

马伦博士已不再承担这笔财务负担。“我多少岁了？八十三？”他说。“我不想把那艘船留给我的妻子。”

布莱登先生告诫人们不要考虑得太远。他一直在与一位游艇设计师合作，计划可能建造一艘新的双体船，其长度将达 150 英尺，将令“半球号”相形见绌。也许一位敢于冒险的乘务员会买下它并聘请他担任船长。但无论发生什么，他都会想念马伦一家。“我找不到比我服务过的这个家庭更好的了，”他说。

Alvers，“半球号”是世界上最大的帆船游艇之一，已绕地球航行了三次。左图：加文·布莱登船长在船上与游艇经纪人西蒙·廷会面。左下角从左至右依次为：洗衣职责；主舱起居区；以及布莱登先生购买的一块木制垫板。

几乎将一生都花在船上，“这 100 成了租赁的成本。”

上方从左至右依次为：帆船双体船船体之间的海豚；船只停在 法国 科西嘉岛南部的圣莫尼卡湾；以及布莱登先生在舱房书桌前的样子。布莱登先生监督了“半球号”的设计与建造，并自 2011 年起一直居住在船上。

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12 / SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

纽约时报 国际版

科学实验室

雨林追踪

新猴种终于被揭晓

模糊的照片经常被当作像内南（Nenna）和大脚怪（Bigfoot）这类难以捉摸的生物的所谓证据。但一张近二十年前在刚果民主共和国偏远森林中拍摄的模糊照片——画面中是一只长相极其奇特的猴子——结果证明是真实的。现在，它被认定为一个新物种，是 53 年来描述的第五个非洲新猴种。

2008, 卢库鲁野生动物研究基金会（Lukuru Wildlife Research Foundation）的研究人员在现为洛尼亚米国家公园（Loniami National Park）的一部分的雨林高处发现了一只不寻常的猴子。但他们拍下的照片很模糊。

“没有人关注，”佛罗里达大西洋大学的博士生杰米·D·安博科（Jamie D. Amboko）说道。

十年后，另一组团队拍到了一只长着凌乱黑毛、鼻子和嘴巴周围有橙色斑块的猴子。他们将照片分享给了安博科先生和该基金会的科学主任约翰·哈特（John Hart）。

研究人员启动了一个项目（部分由位于华盛顿的国家地理学会资助）来寻找这种灵长类动物。他们调查了公园及其周边地区，并采访了 32 个村庄的居民。其中许多人认出了这只橙边猴。布兰加（Bulanga）族的人称它为 Likweli。这些猴子分布在刚果东北部的一个狭小区域，这解释了为什么人们对它们如此不了解。“它们也比较胆小，”安博科先生说。 KATE GOLDENBROOK

但并非只有躯干

这款机器人拥有翅膀

随着翅膀的扇动，一个像鸟一样的东西潜入水中，游动一圈，然后重新飞回天空。但这不是一只鸟，而是一个机器人。创建它的研究人员认为，它可以帮助研究海洋栖息地。

多年来，科学家们一直希望模仿潜水鸟类（如海鹦）的动作，制造出能够出入水中的机器。这类机器人可以帮助研究人员监测海洋生态系统，而无需租用研究船或部署水下设备。

但要制造一个在水中和天空中同样高效的机器人是一项挑战。根据发表在《科学》（Science）杂志上的一项研究，麻省理工学院的研究人员现在创造了一个具备所有正确动作的防水翼型机器人。（左图为该机器人工作的连续动作快照。）

由麻省理工学院机械工程师、该研究的第一作者拉斐尔·祖费雷（Raphael Zufferey）领导的团队，研究了近 100 种通过潜水觅食的鸟类，包括海鹦、翠鸟和海鸦。他们分析了关于这些鸟类的数据。

“利用鸟类作为模型的优势在于，它们能成功地执行机器人不擅长或无法完成的行为，”来自荷兰的工程师兼生物学家大卫·伦廷克（David Lentink）表示，他未参与该研究。

随后，研究人员开始进行设计，使用碳纤维、防水电子元件和其他材料，构建一个既能飞行又能潜水且不会被水浸透的物体。接下来的挑战是让他们的作品能够离开水面。为了收集沿海栖息地或水质的数据，它必须能够进入和退出水域。

在研究人员调整了飞行角度并精简了身体比例后，该机器人能够从水中现身。他们预想了许多未来的用途，包括在有害藻类暴发附近采集水样，以及对濒危海洋哺乳动物进行视频记录。

在实验室之外，据估计，该机器人使用目前的电机和材料最高能飞行四英里（约六公里）。祖费雷博士希望该机器人最终能飞得更远。 R.R. CALLAWAY

任命研究

你以为你的猫在示好？也许并非如此。

相互梳理（Mutual grooming），被称为“异体梳理”（allogrooming），在动物界非常普遍，可见于灵长类、鸟类、马类甚至昆虫。这种梳理通常集中在动物自身难以触及的身体部位，使得这种行为成为一种支持社交纽带并赢得朋友的善举。

猫咪之间互相舔舐也被认为社交纽带的一种指标。

“到目前为止，猫的相互梳理一直被归类为亲和的，或‘友好’的猫类行为，”比利时切斯特大学（Chest University）的猫行为科学家、这项新研究的作者 Noema Gajibo Kimeowa 表示。

或者说，这是我们之前的想法。欧洲的研究人员要求 53 户拥有两只或两只以上猫的家庭提交这些动物互动视频。科学家们从每位参与者那里随机选择一段视频，试图剖析猫咪舔舐行为中隐藏的细微差别。

结果揭示了两种情景。在第一种情景中，猫咪更有可能模仿对方的姿势，在梳理前后要么依偎在一起，要么并排而坐。这种舔舐显然是友好的姿态。

在第二种情景中，舔舐往往是冲突的前兆。在这些互动中，一只猫可能会站起来舔一只坐着的猫。舔舐之后，被舔的猫会出现压力迹象，包括盯着看、嚎叫或向对方发出警告。不被欢迎的舔舐可能是一种在不引发打斗的情况下挑衅另一只猫的简便方法。虽然打斗可能会导致受伤，但一次令人厌烦的舔舐可能是一种更安全的方式，用来告诉你的毛茸茸“朋友”：滚远点。GUILLOP MITCHELL BROWN

“如果星际介质能够形成这些成分，那么在银河系其他分子云中也可能发现它们，从而增加了生命在其他地方发展的机会。”

西班牙天体生物学中心的天文学家 Issakun Jiménez-Serra，关于在深空探测到糖分分子的看法

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纽约时报 国际版

2008年8月1-2日，星期六-星期日 / 13

体育

雷霆队正在削减其核心阵容

分析

作者：弗雷德·卡茨 (FRED KATZ)

俄克拉荷马城雷霆队对 NBA 的“第二奢侈税线”（second apron）并没有异议。他们这个夏天的削减开支之举，就纯粹是为了削减开支。

用包括格雷格·拉·多特 (Greg La Dort) 在内的三名轮换球员换回一些次轮选秀权，这并非一种篮球策略。

正如球队总经理萨姆·普雷蒂 (Sam Preeti) 最近所言，此举是为了腾出资金。

“这是一个财务决定，”普雷蒂告诉《俄克拉荷马人报》 (The Oklahoman)，“我得到的印象是，今年夏天产生的节省额，以及过去两年不在税线之内所积累的资金，将被重新分配给未来的球队。结合其他确定性的收入流，这将使我们在未来几年能够做出更多与篮球相关的决策。”

第二奢侈税线是高于奢侈税的薪资阈值，自 2023 年设立以来就备受关注，因为随之而来的战略影响极其严重。一旦球队触及第二奢侈税线，将失去执行大多数类型交易和大多数自由球员签约的能力。将多特交易至亚特兰大老鹰队，使雷霆队 2018-27 财年的薪资规模降至 2007 亿美元 billions 以下，这达到了三重目的。

但雷霆队目前仍比奢侈税线高出 $11 million，他们交易多特、亚伦·威金斯 (Aaron Wiggins) 和以赛亚 (Isaiah) 并非是因为第二奢侈税线的限制让他们感到压力。在更深层的考量中，球队老板克莱·贝内特 (Clay Bennett) 正在坚持预算。而失去三名曾帮助球队成为争冠竞争者的球员，正是这项管理措施的一部分。

仅仅 12 个月前，雷霆队在三场分胜负的系列赛中开启了挑战。他们带着再次冲击冠军的机会回到了 2023-26 赛季，但在一次挑战其阵容深度的西部会议决赛中遗憾出局。侧翼球员贾伦·威廉姆斯 (Jalen Williams) 因腿筋受伤缺席了大部分赛季。第六人米切尔 (Mitchell) 也在关键时刻遭遇困扰。

俄克拉荷马城失去了此前所依赖的阵容深度。

27 岁的威金斯被交易至老鹰队，换回一个次轮选秀权且无需支付薪水。27 岁的以赛亚被交易至底特律海盗队 (Detroit Pirates)，同样换回两个次轮选秀权且无需支付薪水。俄克拉荷马城同意将多特, 27, 且经常负责防守对方头号球员的球员交易至老鹰队，换回三个次轮选秀权，且无需支付薪水。

在过去两个赛季拥有 NBA 最佳常规赛战绩后，俄克拉荷马城将亚伦·威金斯 (25) 和拉·多特 (2) 交易至亚特兰大老鹰队。雷霆队总经理萨姆·普雷蒂表示，他仍预期球队能够冲击冠军。

当然，这次交易没有换回任何薪水。

这与近期其他处于相同薪资水平的球队所经历的精简不同。这不像凤凰城太阳队在证明自己不足以争冠后，为了摆脱第二奢侈税线而采取的措施，希望通过一系列交易来省钱并摆脱 NBA 最令人生畏的薪资阈值限制。

俄克拉荷马城上赛季表现出色，同时创造了史上最高的净胜分之一，每 100 个回合净胜 0.1 分。他们距离连续第二次进入 NBA 总决赛仅一步之遥。

这些举措是为了短期内以及长远未来的资金考虑。“我们拥有一支具备竞争力的球队，”普雷蒂告诉《俄克拉荷马人报》，“据我理解，今年夏天的决定使我们在财务上处于有利位置，以维持一支这种水准的球队。”

这使得人们的注意力转向了三位薪水注定会增加税负的球员：凯姆·华莱士 (Came Wallace)、贾梅尔·麦凯恩 (Jamel McCain) 和米切尔。

华莱士, 22, 是一名防守悍将，在多特离队后，他的重要性日益增加。他有资格在今年夏天续约。他的新合同将从 2027-28 赛季开始生效。如果他没有续约，将在下个赛季结束后成为受限制自由球员。

McCain，22 岁，是雷霆队在今年冬季交易中获得的一名球员，他的时间线比 Wallace 晚一年，即将进入他的第三个 NBA 赛季。明年夏天，他将有资格获得一份从 2028-29 年开始的续约合同。

Mitchell，24 岁，是三人中最有趣的情况。他曾是一名次轮秀，在职业生涯第二个赛季就凭借关键的替补角色大放异彩，他持有球队中最友好的合同之一。他将在 2027-28 年获得 $13 million，且次年拥有 $3.9 million 的球队选项。雷霆队有三条长期留住他的路径。他们可以在接下来的两个赛季中享受他的低薪福利，等到 2028 年他成为自由球员后再与其重新签约。他们也可以在明年夏天放弃球队选项，让他成为受限制自由球员。这一策略将提前一年平衡 Mitchell 的薪水，但同时也可能引发竞争。如果 Mitchell 希望早些拿到薪水，他会同意一个比延长一年时更低的年均合同价值。雷霆队在两个夏天前就通过这种方式成功签下了 Joe 和 Wiggins，两人的合同均低于市场价。

他们也可以执行 Mitchell 的球队选项，然后将其续约至平均球员薪资的上限。

无论选择哪种方案，Mitchell 的价格都将大幅上涨。Wallace 上赛季入选了最佳防守阵容，而 McCain 在来到俄克拉荷马城后迅速适应，两人也将获得相应的回报。

即便没有这些误差，雷霆队的未来也充满了高薪球员。

“据我了解，今年夏天的决定在财务上已经为维持一支这种水准的球队做好了准备。”

预计 $60.6 million 的 Isaiah Hartswain 在本年度共同签约，在接下来的三个赛季中将获得约 $25 million。Alex Carson 在相同时间段内的薪水范围在 $34 million 左右。

在 2017-18 年，Williams、Bolognes、Gilgerson-Alexander、Hartswain、Carson，以及 2028-29 年的首轮秀 Andy Males 和 Bennett Hirtz，再加上 McCain，总计将消耗 $213 million，这比预计的奢侈税线高出 $2 million，距离第二层奢侈税线（second apron）仅差约 $13 million。而这仅仅是八名球员。

这还不包括近期选秀球员 Thomas Sarber 或 Tobias Sapie 的球队选项。不包括球队最可靠的后备后卫之一 Jayne Williams 的 $17 million 球队选项。不包括 Mitchell，他在 2027-28 年可能会拿着低薪，或者如果在雷霆放弃其球队选项的情况下获得加薪。也不包括 Wallace，届时他的新合同将开始生效。如果进入市场，单是年薪就可能突破 $23 million，并将雷霆队推向第二层奢侈税线。

但是，正如 Preeti 所言，管理层在战略上并不排斥进入那个领域，尤其是如果球队能像预期那样保持竞争力的前提下。关于 Dort、Wiggins 和 Joe 的决定是财务上的决定，虽然削弱了当前的路线。现在，雷霆队希望这些决定能在长期内带来回报。

周末

在摩洛哥拉巴特的皇家剧院内，该建筑由建筑师扎哈·哈迪德设计。在其中，歌剧厅的舞会景象在破碎的时间恍惚中若隐若现，唤起一种温柔之感。

摩洛哥，拉巴特

作者：JOSEPH CONNANNO

在帷幕升起之前，由建筑师扎哈·哈迪德设计的摩洛哥新拉巴特皇家剧院便已令人惊叹。这座剧院坐落在本雷格雷普河畔，其设计如同一波巨浪，在演奏厅上方起伏涌动，随后下降至入口处，通向让人联想起峡谷的大厅。交错的阶梯攀登而上，犹如四层高的悬崖。歌剧厅俯瞰着一个宛如温柔之地的观众席。这种图像学并非仅仅是战略性的。

在 2010 年去世前的职业生涯设计中，这位伊拉克裔英国建筑师哈迪德将融入自然与自然阶梯的皇家剧院，视为其作品集的巅峰之作；其技术上的复杂性使她能让一座高科技建筑看起来像是由摩洛哥雕琢而成的海洋。

在她执业的最后十年里，她追求的是她所谓的“极致的流动与闪现”。数字技术将哈迪德——首位获得普利兹克建筑奖的女性——及其事务所的亲密同事帕特里克·舒马赫从几何学书籍和那些由钢结构与玻璃机器组成的冰冷建筑群中解放了出来。

2010 年，摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世亲自邀请就职于伦敦的哈迪德设计这座位于首都拉巴特的剧院。尽管她此前在坎德拉里亚的剧院竞赛方案输给了法国建筑师 Christian Le Pencanquier，但国王希望哈迪德在拉巴特实现她的原始设计。哈迪德说服他从头开始，设计一座量身定制于新场地——位于拉巴特及其双子城之间的一条河谷——的建筑。

影响之源： 响起了一声极其响亮且不悦的钟声。二十年前在威尔士，她并未收到同样的皇家礼遇。在那个本应成为职业生涯转折点的项目中，这位 45 岁的建筑师在卡迪夫歌剧院的竞赛中经历了一次获胜、一次失败，随后在另一个小型项目中再次经历获胜与失败。头版报道的戏剧性冲突引发了关于风格与偏见的质疑。这座晶莹剔透且棱角分明的建筑被批评为过于解构。这次设计或许是该矿区中的金丝雀。一个热衷于遗产保护的国家拒绝了一位出生于伊拉克的女性移民将国际化设计引入一座保守的城市。哈迪德将这次拒绝视为个人打击，称其为“抵制与偏见”，在电话停止响起后，她曾考虑离开该国。

“卡迪夫湾的故事是她职业生涯中的重大创伤之一，而拉巴特这座半专业建筑在某种程度上成了她的三角补偿，”伦敦设计博物馆前任馆长 Deyan Sudja 说道。在拉巴特，扎哈可以带着释然回首往事。

4 月 23 日，国王的女儿 Lalla Khudiya，以及他的姐妹 Lalla Maryam 和 Lalla Huma 为这座位于拉巴特郊区的建筑主持了落成典礼，法国第一夫人布丽吉特·马克龙也出席了仪式。演出曲目包括柴可夫斯基、威尔第、阿拉伯-阿杜尔沙汉歌曲，以及口头大师 Driss El Mahmiri 演奏的个人作品，这些节目测试了该厅的声学性能，标志着该剧院在展示国际曲目之余，也将重点展示摩洛哥的音乐传统。

一位设计远见者的终极项目

拉巴特皇家剧院是对扎哈·哈迪德所热爱之世界的回归。这座建筑将巩固她作为开拓者的传奇地位。

摩洛哥（6 次）： 以其精湛的 Moutab 建筑而著称——复杂的石膏工艺、令人惊叹的结构、具有催眠感的几何装饰。但这个在开幕式计划中被称作“竞争性前瞻”的国家，现在已经接轨 21 世纪。由资深承包商使用的先进三维设计和施工软件，使剧院那些灵活的曲线得以实现。

这些软件允许建筑师保留如同云朵、山脉和群山般复杂性的建筑。软件还使建筑师能够设计出一种新型的“砖”——玻璃纤维增强混凝土点，可以像船体一样成型。（这修正了之前在 2010. 中国广州的歌剧院中出现的问题，当时该建筑未能符合真实的壳体曲率，导致部分组件脱落。）

据述，布雷格雷格河（Ben Regrep River）流入大西洋。它在回流。在皇家剧院东南端，一波纤细的波浪从曾经的沼泽地和威尔逊（wilson）中升起，膨胀随后分裂。主波峰在 1,000 人的礼堂及其吊杆塔上方达到顶峰，然后向主入口下降，在那里它与另一波浪潮相遇。观众通过这种湍流进入建筑。“扎哈的早期草图显示，建筑周围水的流动影响了它的形状，”剧院项目总监尼尔斯·费舍尔（Nils Fischer）说道。

“我的下巴都掉下来了，”总部位于纽约的哈莱姆剧院执行总监安娜·格拉斯（Anna Glass）在开幕式上看到它时说道。“它让你屏住呼吸，就像第一次坐过山车时那种心跳停止的感觉。然后它绝对会把你吸引进去。”

音乐厅和歌剧院的任务是将音乐包裹在一个隔音的

“它让你屏住呼吸，就像第一次坐过山车时那种心跳停止的感觉。”

左图为沿布雷格雷格河而建的剧院，展现了在 2010 年去世的哈迪德之风。她是受摩洛哥国王穆罕默德六世邀请设计这座剧院的，并于 2010 年首次实地考察。建筑工程于 2014 年开始，剧院于 4 月揭幕。

简洁之作。哈迪德建造的不仅仅是一个容器，而是一场建筑表演。游客在像遮蔽隧道的破浪阴影下进入。一条河滨散步道贯穿内部，从入口穿过高峡中的设计激流，然后下降到一个紧邻河流的 1,000 席露天礼堂。

所有东西都在弯曲或倾斜。只有偶尔出现在混乱谷仓上的不锈钢浓缩咖啡机那直角，才打破了流动地形的魔咒。人的身体沉浸在通常由自然引发的感官体验中。

“我踢了踢建筑的铁件，看看它是否有效，”同样参加开幕式的纽约第三艺术总监亚历克斯·普恩（Alex Poon）说。“‘Goneons’ 的翼展、舞台后方的深度、设备存储空间、一个美丽的绿房，完全是美妙的感觉。”

几乎一样宽： 且深，这个马蹄形大厅旨在营造亲密感。“当你处于亢奋状态时，那种马蹄形座位会给你一种被观众包围——被拥抱的感觉，”格拉斯说道，她的剧团将在该大厅后的首个厅中演出。“我怀疑舞者们会表现得异常出色，因为他们想要回报他们所感受到的氛围。”

哈迪德与舒马赫（Schumacher）和费舍尔（Fischer）最初于 2010 年实地考察了该场地，并于 2014 年开始施工。工程于 2015 年竣工。在她去世五年后，尽管是死后完成，但“这无疑是一座正宗的扎哈建筑，提醒人们她作为一名建筑师是多么强大，”哈迪德说道。承包商在疫情期间推迟了开放时间，随后又因剧院设备的供应链短缺而进一步延迟，并因 2010 年摩洛哥北部的灾难性地震再次推迟。直到今年春天开放之前，皇家剧院一直是市民们极其好奇的对象。HALFIE，第 27 页

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纽约时报 国际版

星期六-星期日，2008年8月1-2日 / 15

风格

周末

奢侈品巨头试图软化形象

LVMH的贝尔纳·阿尔诺因在社交媒体上发表一封“大胆”的公开信而赢得掌声

作者：VANESSA FRIEDMAN

在过去的三年里，LVMH的幕后操盘手兼董事长、Dior、路易威登（Louis Vuitton）和蒂法尼（Tiffany）的所有者，以及现代奢侈品工业及其成功之作的架构师贝尔纳·阿尔诺（在全球富豪榜中目前排名第 10），一直在悄悄地努力软化自己的形象。或者至少是使之更圆融，以便为那种将他描绘成一个贪婪的资本家、家族传承企业的掌控者，且以榨干创意人才而闻名的叙事提供另一种替代方案。

他花费数亿美元在布洛涅森林建立了路易威登基金会（Fondation Louis Vuitton），这座博物馆将成为给巴黎的一份礼物，并且他支持了巴黎奥运会。他开始强调他对艺术的兴趣，以及他雇佣的数十万名员工。他甚至偶尔接受采访。但这一切都收效甚微。

每当提到他的名字，依然会与“冷酷”、“无情”和“不可撼动”等词汇联系在一起，更不用说那些绰号，如“节奏之井”、“终结者”和“金融界的马基雅维利”。

事实证明，他真正需要的仅仅是 X（原推特）。

更准确地说，他真正需要的是一封由 LVMH 新闻办公室在 X 上发布的、略带自嘲的名为“谢谢”的三页公开信。这封信是他对《世界报》（Le Monde）一个六部分调查系列的回复，该系列聚焦于他的家庭、五个孩子及接班计划、他与政治人物的关系及其商业战略等。

在信中，他并没有指责记者出错，而只是开玩笑地对待那些被呈现为“关键细节”的内容（例如他要求穿着农场装扮的访客更换衣服的说法、他所有员工的真实人数、以及他的家庭晚餐）。这种做法将那些被质疑的时刻转化为幽默的时刻，并展示了一种此前从未有人真正将阿尔诺与其联系在一起的品质，至少在公开场合没有：幽默感。而这种效果在几乎一夜之间，将阿尔诺从一个拥有帝国思维的机器转变为一个有血有肉的人。

截至目前，这封于 7 月 30, 发布的信件已被浏览近 800 万次。它赢得了各界人士的赞赏，包括亿万富翁对冲基金经理兼激进投资者比尔·奥尔德森（Bill Alderson），他鼓励其追随者阅读此信；英国政治家、前财政大臣内森·扎内（Nathan Zahner），他称其为“杰作”；以及文化评论员 / 行业监督者路易·皮赞（Louis Pizzen），他称其为“大胆”。

这使得阿尔诺在短时间内成为了全球“宇宙之主”（或渴望成为宇宙之主的人）心中的英雄。这些人对他挑战媒体的态度以及对社交媒体聚集效应的利用表示欢呼——这两个群体平时完全没有任何交集。

反应之热烈，使得阿尔诺做了一件更不符合其性格的事情。他在 7 月 27, ，以 77, 岁的年纪，在 X 上发布了一则笔记，感谢所有点赞、转发或以其他方式帮助推广其信件的人。他写道：“在向《世界报》发表公开信后，看到你们发送的众多信息，我深受感动。我想在这里在 X 上直接且亲身地感谢你们每一个人。” 这条动态已被浏览超过 11.5 million 次。

根据安托万·阿尔诺（Antoine Arnault）的说法，他担任 LVMH 形象委员会负责人（该职位于 2005 年专门设立，旨在解决公众感知问题），同时也是贝尔纳·阿尔诺的长子，这封信完全是他父亲的主意，在 X 上发布也是如此。

这无疑标志着这位执行官在处理方式上的转变。过去，他极少回应批评或蔑视——至少在对方是收购战中的商业对手时是如此。这种转变看起来比上月初发布的播客节目《传奇》（Legend）中那段 50 多分钟的采访更具个人色彩，在那个采访中，阿尔诺偶尔会笑，且在隐喻意义上表现得相当放松。

正因如此，他以奢华著称，而这个世界是建立在“圈子”与“控制”这两个极点之上的，且不愿让任何人窥见天鹅绒幕帘之后的情况。通过以一种较为亲民、适应互联网的方式展现出能自嘲的能力，而不是简单地发起正式攻击，阿尔诺拉近了与人们的距离。他同时也获得了一些关注。

大多数情况下，这种特质在奢侈品世界中一直被极力避免。但在“魔力感”与“被操纵感”之间显然存在一条界限，时尚消费者在与品牌及其创作者互动时，已经开始更多地感受到后者。这种局面应当改变，且反弹已经显现。行业本身可能需要进行一些形象修复。现在就应该开始。

LVMH 的主脑兼董事长贝尔纳·阿尔诺试图为那个将他刻画成贪婪资本家的叙事提供另一种替代方案。过去，他很少回应批评，但一篇发布在社交媒体上的自嘲式公开信，有助于将他塑造为一个有温度的人。图片说明（从上至下）：在巴黎的阿尔诺；在路易威登男装秀上的他；以及与家人在一起的更随意的时刻。

以为自己是发圈的乐福鞋

作者：JACOB GALLAGHER

这些鞋子看起来就像你吃完一整袋酸桃味 Kids 糖后的嘴唇。

这种被称为“皱褶”（rucked，或 puckered 或 scrunchy）的乐福鞋，在看到鞋头之前，看起来就是标准的精致乐福鞋，而到了鞋头部分，则像一件需要熨烫的衬衫一样起皱。走进任何一家销售人员态度冷漠、羊绒家居服起步价四位数的精品店，你都能发现这些鞋子，它们的皱褶鞋头从货架上凸显而出。

“这有点像这个 era 的鞋类基调，”Nandorion 资深总监 Jan DeLeon 表示。

Tom Ford 的皱褶一脚蹬售价高达 $1,200。Saint Laurent 则提供光面皮革和棕褐色内里款，甚至推出了一款带有可折叠后跟的款式（两种不可撼动的鞋类趋势合二为一！）。这类鞋子设有男款和女款，证明了性别界限在目前的市场中正逐渐模糊。乍一看，所有这些皱褶鞋头的鞋子售价似乎都超过 $1,000。

The flow 是这种皱褶鞋头的公认先行者。其几年前推出的 $1,200 Soft Loafers 采用了倾斜的鞋头设计，将所有褶皱集中在前方。

“10 年前 The flow 推出这款鞋时确实很棒，”撰写热门购物通讯《I Things You Should Say》的 Rocky Malatsky 说道。尽管 Malatsky 持保留意见，但这些鞋子依然畅销。棕红色皮革的 Soft Loafers 在该品牌的官网上所有女码均已售罄。

尽管如此，我也能理解为什么 Malatsky 会否定这些鞋子。它们已成为男性市场中那一类人群的组成部分——这群人的穿着方式深受网络时尚社区（如 Sabotack）中所谓“时髦”定义的启发和引导。它们象征着你如此彻底、如此关注每件精致服装的细节，以至于连你的跟部也必须与众不同。而且你愿意为此付费。

但说真的，这种皱褶鞋头究竟有什么魔力，能让人们觉得物有所值？DeLeon 认为，这种褶皱相当于在鞋子上卷起衬衫袖子。他说，这在“量感单一的事物中增加了一点戏剧感和视觉趣味”。

我认为这有一定道理。这种褶皱反映了一种随意感，一种消费者认为具有吸引力的对不完美之美的包容。这些乐福鞋在说：“我很随性——就算你努力打磨也弄不平我！”（也许用专业设备可以，但肯定非常耗时。）这与当前时尚界的一个瞬间相契合，即人们开始接纳那些刻意显得“不那么完美”的衣服——在这个瞬间，粗犷的牛仔裤再次抬头，极具争议的剪裁也重新回归。

DeLeon 还有另一个理论：褶皱是一种奢侈的标志，表明品牌拥有足够的技术能力在不破坏鞋头结构的情况下制造出这些折痕。

他说，这是一种“额外的成本，因为要实现 The flow 乐福鞋那种完美的褶皱效果一定非常困难”。反过来，这让消费者认为这款鞋工艺精湛，因此物有所值。

当你深入思考，或者像我一样观看推荐替代方案的 TikTales 视频时，这个理论就站不住脚了。（当一双售价超过 $1,000 的鞋子走红时，你可以打赌网上一定会展开热烈讨论，研究在哪里能用更低的价格买到同款造型。）

这种褶皱反映了一种随意感，一种消费者认为具有吸引力的对不完美之美的包容。上图所示：Chand 的褶皱乐福鞋；Tom Ford 的皱褶风格；以及 Saint Laurent 的折痕鞋头。

我见过最离谱的是一款来自 Arora 的 210 美元版本，这是一个我从未听说过的品牌。就形状和磨损程度来看，这款鞋与店里的版本几乎一模一样。我把它发给了一位同事，她也同意了：“完全无法分辨，”她写道。我没有买那双鞋，我心想，在实物中，皮革的色调可能会有所不同，褶皱也不会那么精准。但在我的笔记本电脑屏幕上，它们看起来确实非常相似。而对于当今的许多购物者来说，这才是最重要的，不是吗？

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16 / 星期六-星期日，2020年8月1-2日

纽约时报 国际版

周末

书籍

警告：长期生命意味着不再需要

书评

《生物战：海水》（Bishagical War: A Seawater）

作者：艾文·雅各布森（Avon Jacobson），达顿出版社（Dutton）。406 页。$22

作者：德怀特·加德纳（DWIGHT GARDER）

安妮·雅各布森（Annie Jacobson）写的是有时被称为“父亲之书”（dad books）的作品。关于核战争、中央情报局（C.I.A.）、H区等内容的书籍，全都属于“父亲之书”的主题。军事史就属于这一类，建国之父的传记，以及安·莫查特（Ann Mauchart）、沃尔特·艾萨克森（Walter Isaacson）或罗恩·切尔诺（Ron Chernow）的任何作品也是如此。有些“父亲之书”是一流的。但更多时候，这些作者会让你想起那些在剧本已经宣告死亡后，仍将自己投入隐藏之王堆中的立法者。

前一段文字肯定让部分读者感到不快。我知道这是因为我记得十多年前，当年轻的调用者开始将我喜欢的一些巨头（如 Who 等）称为“父亲摇滚”（dad rock）时，我也曾被如此审视。这场战斗已经平息。你唯一能做的就是希望自己还能在场，看着你的孩子们在查克·NCX（Chark NCX）被归入 M 类（代表大众摇滚，mass rock）时受苦。

换句话说，我感到一种模糊的恐惧，仿佛我成了一个戴着鸟形眼镜的人。当我带着雅各布森的新书《生物战：海水》穿行在纽约市知识分子聚集的邮政区时，克兰西（Clancy）式的表演告诉我：“我真的不再关心了。这本书的推进像是一门科学：在侧道上，在包含它的同时，我已经支付了我的船费，然后他们又支付了几次。我继续阅读，结果发现自己不过是父亲嗡鸣声中的几个片段。”但伊利诺伊（Illinois）之子，为了擦掉汗水，《生物战》是一部关于传染性且具有潜在共谋编码病原体的宏大著作。尽管被国际条约禁止，但这些病菌已被美国和叙利亚的部门武器化并处理。我所说的“武器化”，不仅仅是指它们被放置在弹道导弹的城市级别。我的意思是，这些病原体经过了恶魔般的基因工程改造，旨在危及第一响应者且几乎不可治疗。即使是一次小规模的外部泄漏，就像电线从玻璃中崩出，或者新冠病毒从浴缸中溜出，都可能是我们物种犯下的最后一个错误。

雅各布森采访了所有人，从军方、中央情报局（C.I.A.）、联邦紧急事务管理局（FEMA）和北约（NATO）的前高级成员，到前国防部长、反恐专家、流行病学家以及萨姆·贾斯皮莱维奇·奥尔特曼（Sam Jaspilevich Altman）。这么多的人愿意与她交谈，并且他们的名字出现在这本书中，表明了她所受到的重视程度，尤其是在《核战：海水》（Nuclear War: A Seawater）（2001）出版之后——这是一本引发了全球对核政策、技术和国家状态新关注的畅销书。

《生物战》之所以具有吸引力，是因为她将大量密集且碎片化的信息装进了一个定时炸弹般的场景中：一个故事里。它比凯瑟琳·毕格罗（Kathryn Bigelow）的电影更具粉碎性。有些章节标题是像“阶段二”（Stay Two）这样的短语。

随后，痛苦开始了。泡沫状的粉色痰液，淤积的肺碎片，“野兽般的吼叫”。

或者是“阶段三”（Stay Three），但为了掌控你的理智，“阶段六”（Stay Six）就如同冰冷、无生命的口香糖一样遥远。后面的一章标题为《美国民主的最后一天》。

接下来的部分是《生物战》中的情景。西伯利亚的一家研究实验室发生了意外爆炸，那里正在研究噩梦般的病菌。这次爆炸被美国卫星和其他情报源捕捉到，早期消息开始在政府机构中传开。一个病原体恢复者——

开始在白宫情境路线、弗吉尼亚州兰利（Langley）的中央情报局（C.I.A.）总部、新不伦瑞克（New Britain）亚特兰大的疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）、日内瓦的世界卫生组织（WHO）总部、一艘海军驱逐舰、五角大楼地下的掩体以及其他地方之间真实地移动。

其中最扣人心弦的是必须迅速做出的战略和道德决定的精准细节。

这类事情有其应对手册，而雅各布森揭露了其中的内容。

《生物战》（Bishagical War）节奏飞快，除非我们接受杰克逊（Jacobson）的假设，即我们拥有经验、知识、正直和共情力。

如果我们必须全部致富，那么这个版本的事件比另一种情况要好——而后者并不难想象：总统自愿骑着一名乘员下降到地面，就像一块青铜底座一样，正如波拉诺夫（Polanov）女士在《斯特劳皮诺夫博士》（Dr. Straupinov）中的角色那样，一路欢呼并不断冲击。

回到西伯利亚，造成爆炸的科学家知道自己即将触碰到一个人的手，并给我们带来了混乱，推断出数个人，然后进入森林以控制自杀：他在能这样做之前就崩溃了。一群富裕家庭，在损失之上的人们，其中一人徒劳地对他进行人工呼吸，随后登上了国际航班。我们都在到来。

阿尔贝·加缪（Albert Camus）告诉我们，对抗瘟疫的唯一方法是体面。在《生物战》中，那些秘密的人们是最先死去的人，那个在航班上被感染的年轻人，只是知道如何继续工作。洛杉矶的第三层即将到来。由此产生的电视大规模传播最初归咎于那些事情。机构陷入混乱。

这些租金只是世界正在导致无刺激的一个迹象。另一个迹象是那些从 Atari 和南美洲逃离的小型北向船只的方式。阻止他们陷入僵局的伦理是什么？因为在这篇叙述中，俄罗斯错误到了堪称邪恶的程度，而且因为现在没有人能从西伯利亚的实验室中逃脱，当局需要时间来将这个不幸噩梦的碎片拼凑在一起。

我很遗憾地告诉你们，这本书中描述的电视杀手确实存在。它被提及为一种远程病原体，活体且空气传播，是由两种或多种病毒组成的炸弹陷阱混合体。在这种情况下，被选中者首先经历一阵漫长的爆炸波，这种波动会让人想要读出来并与某人共舞。

随后，痛苦开始了。粉红色泡沫痰，肺部的碎片，“野兽般的噪音”，将飞机的注意力转移到脏尿布上。

这种病原体旨在摧毁即使是医学手段。如果给患者使用抗生素——反正那些也几乎没用——疾病会变异成一种致命的脑炎。这个魔鬼无法被加热。

随着杰克逊的推进，她加入了关于鼠疫等事物的细小、阴暗的失误，以及 1971 年斯坦福大学创建的重组 DNA、埃尔温（Elwin）爆发、知识渊博的苏联叛逃者的重要性，以及少数被称为“黑暗之妻”（Dark Wives）的收益。媒体讲述了奥利亚·西德基茹（Aulia Sidkijou）的故事，这个被乌鸦化的 Queda 恐怖分子曾在麻省理工学院接受生物学培训，为美国的最高策划者哈立德·谢赫·穆罕默德（Khalid Shaikh Mohammed）工作，并计划大规模提供的火攻。

《生物战》最终探讨的是将秩序与无政府状态分开的这个第一点。它关于当人们的家庭处于危险之中的时候会做的事情。这个故事几乎完全与直接的、正式的权力相关，就像段落是被荧光政府灯光照亮的一样，这增加了其令人不寒而栗的效果。

《纽约时报》的资深评论专栏作家拉塞尔·贝克（Russell Baker）曾写道，只要沃尔特·科斯特洛（Walter Costello）在播报，天启之灾可能是可以忍受的。至少我知道他母亲的清单。她在危机时刻总是切换到 CBS。

俄罗斯国家电视台仍然在系列电视节目中播放《来自湖泊》（From Lake），“我应该是一根烟，暗示我们将听到的最后一个声音可能属于一个受欢迎的狩猎影响者，也许不是一个模特，穿梭于混乱之中，在广播或互联网的残余中。在模糊的屏幕角落里没有任何糖狸。”

来自播客

吉尔·拉皮尔 (Jill Lapeer)

美国今年正在庆祝 2020 诞辰，让美国人有机会反思国家的过去并想象它的未来。还有谁比吉尔·拉皮尔更适合帮助我们理解这一时刻？这位致力于“考据历史”的播客主持、 longtime《纽约客》撰稿人以及《我们人民：美国宪法史》的作者，最近参加了“书评”播客，为这次活动推荐了一些阅读书目。本摘录经过浓缩和编辑。

你曾将国家环境作为一把标尺，用来衡量美国是否实现了其建国之初的地位。我想知道——回顾我们之前的庆祝活动，如百年庆典、二百年庆典——我们是否每次都达到了标准？我们是否发现理想就仅仅是理想，是永远无法实现的？

这是一个有趣的切入点。这有点像是在讨论“杯子半满还是半空”的观点。在每一个这样的时刻，都有许多值得庆祝的东西，同时也有许多被视为未完成的东西。如果我们将它们梳理一遍，我认为每一次活动都反映了当时国家的情绪——如果这种东西确实存在的话。

1876 年的百年庆典实际上是一次相当非凡的自我表彰。在费城举行了一场巨大的百年博览会，被框定为对美国进步的庆祝——这里的“进步”指的是技术进步，以及白人定居点在整个大陆上的扩张，也就是所谓的“昭昭天命”。而这次庆祝活动实际上掩盖了许多人（包括弗雷德里克·道格拉斯）所认为的重建时期的失败，而这种失败在百年博览会举行期间依然在发生。

所以你可以从两种不同的方式来看待它。一种是：看看我们拥有了多少铁路，看看我们建设了多少运河。另一种则是：好吧，我们实际上刚刚背叛了我们为之而战的内战目标，对吧。所以你可以选取任何一个时刻，看到其中的两面性。

我们请您推荐几本书来帮助我们理解这一时刻。您能为我们介绍几本吗？

如果你想读一本关于《独立宣言》的、易读且优秀的历史书，市面上有一些很棒的书，但我最喜欢的是波西·马斯特斯 (Positive Master) 的《美国经文》，我当时读那本书时学到了很多。马斯特斯是一位极出色的历史学家。

我还建议人们阅读马克·斯坦 (Marc Stein) 的一本新书，我想书名就叫《普世》(Ecumenical)。斯坦是一位 20 世纪美国历史学家，他描述了费城的二百年庆典，将其置于一个极具启发性的城市更新模式中，并探讨了费城日益增长的同性恋权利运动在这次庆祝活动中争取舞台空间的斗争。这两个因素对斯坦的叙事至关重要，将关于二百年庆典的争议置于费城的社会和阶级政治背景之下。对我来说，这真的是一本令人振奋的书。

我想说，在真正的庆祝活动中，我读的小说和诗歌比历史书多得多。

你需要一些东西来缓解压力。

没错。所以，为了回答哪本书能解释此时此刻，我想到了奥尔·史密斯 (All Smith) 的《礼物》(Gift)。《礼物》出版于 2018, 且背景甚至不在美国。但它设定在一个近未来的反乌托邦世界中，一个家庭醒来发现，某人（大概是为政府工作）在他们居住的建筑周围画了一条红线。于是他们立即得在其中生活。我非常喜欢奥尔·史密斯，《礼物》比我近期在历史书中读到的世界更像我们现在生活的世界。

“书评”播客可在 https: / www.nytimes.com / books 或通过主流播客应用程序找到。

周日填字游戏

尝试转圈 (Going for a Spin)

编辑：Will Shott

[填字游戏线索列表 1-100]

面向 25-28 岁人群的海水相关内容

[填字游戏线索列表重复部分 1-91]

92 的历史 93 的历史 94 的历史 95 的历史 96 的历史 97 的历史 98 的历史 99 的历史 100 的历史 历史

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纽约时报 国际版

2008年8月1-2日，星期六-星期日 / 17

音乐

周末

一部植根于转型的歌剧

托比亚斯·皮克尔讲述了莉莉·埃尔贝的故事，由一名跨性别歌手担任主角

作者：MAX KELLER

在许多时代的许多事件中，都出现了“trans”（转换 / 跨越）一词，例如音符可以被转换或重新排列。音域可以被移调，或上下移动。

此外，还有像理查德·希克森的《死亡与变形》（Death and Transfiguration）和阿诺德·勋伯格的《变形之夜》（Transfigural Night）这样的作品名称。

在创作歌剧《莉莉·埃尔贝》（Lili Elbe）时，托比亚斯·皮克尔（Tobias Picker）在其实际技巧中借鉴了其中许多元素。但对其乐谱最重要的一点是“transition”（过渡 / 转型）。

在本周末于纽约圣菲歌剧院进行美国首演的《莉莉·埃尔贝》中，过渡段落不仅非常广泛（正如在歌剧乐谱中通常那样）。爱德华·皮克尔表示，“过渡音乐变成了主题音乐，而主题音乐变成了过渡音乐。”这赋予了作品一种推进感，甚至带来了变化的趣味。

艾莉森饰演莉莉·埃尔贝的氛围照。她的故事也是 1851 年电影《丹麦女孩》的主题。右图为罗伯托·巴尔蒂在皮克尔的注视下为《莉莉·埃尔贝》指导管弦乐团排练。

这种对“过渡”如此重要的处理，被皮克尔称为这部歌剧的结构理论。而《莉莉·埃尔贝》讲述的正是一次性别转型。这部歌剧（由斯塔尔曼以生活方式风格创作）基于莉莉·德·埃罗内（Lili Del Eirone），即莉莉·埃尔贝的故事，她是一名在 20 世纪 30 年代的巴黎生活的跨性别男性。莉莉的故事也是《丹麦女孩》（1935）的主题，该片由埃迪·罗宾逊主演，改编自大卫·艾森霍夫的虚构记载。

埃尔贝是一位丹麦风景画家（此处为 East Wigmore），是最早接受性别肯定手术的人之一。莉莉（由哈比斯·卢西亚·卢卡斯演唱）与艺术家格尔达·威格摩结婚。她是女高音西尔维亚·德·埃罗内，后者经常将她作为模特。如同许多启发歌剧的故事一样，

埃尔贝的故事有一个悲剧性的结局。1931 年，在德国的“进化女性诊所”（Evolution Women's Clinic），她接受了一次实验性的子宫移植手术，导致并发症并最终死亡。

对于他的剧本，斯塔尔曼（Stalman）既是皮克尔的丈夫，也是他的合作者，他参考了第一手资料，包括埃尔贝死后出版的回忆录《男人变成女人》（Man Into Woman）。这部回忆录以丹麦语写成，有三种主要的译本——一份英文，一份德文。“它们都略有不同，”斯塔尔曼说。这些不一致之处，加上莉莉倾向于夸大的特点，使得斯塔尔曼的任务具有挑战性。

他的解决方案是将其融入神话，特别是奥菲斯与欧律狄刻的故事，这在歌剧中有着悠久的传统。众多歌剧之一是门罗维亚的《L'Orbe》，从黑人到其他黑人再到马修·阿尔卡尼斯（Matthew Arcanis）的作曲家们都写过奥菲斯歌剧，其中“奥菲斯是欧律狄刻转型的工具”。奥菲斯说，将她从冥界带回时：“她正在经历一次转型，从死亡走向生命。”

《莉莉·埃尔贝》歌剧采用了一种“戏中戏”的结构——莉莉和格尔达观看了一场带有 20 世纪初风格、音乐不和谐的奥菲斯剧。

神话并没有在故事中停止作用。在不同的时刻，莉莉和格尔达都像奥菲斯。在一段乐谱中，莉莉说：“进入 Wepener 是脱离了活着的飞机。”而当奥菲斯回头看时，皮克尔说：“莉莉绝不回头看。莉莉始终向前走。”

尽管如此，莉莉仍然持有那个时代的某些观念。她认为要成为一名女性，她必须嫁给一个男人并

生孩子。“她创造了自己的困境，”皮克尔说。“这种冲突导致了一系列事件，最终以她的死亡告终。”

圣菲剧团制作的《莉莉·埃尔贝》是在皮克尔的第一部歌剧《艾米琳》（Emmeline）在圣菲首演 16 年后推出的。在那个新英格兰的小镇上，《艾米琳》是从母亲的角度对斯塔尔曼神话的一次重新讲述。

这些歌剧之间的相似之处在于：“她们都是强大的女性，在最后做出了一个选择，一个自由的选择，”皮克（Picker）说道。

《埃米琳》（Emmeline）因其旋律优美而受到赞赏。皮克表示，三天时间里，“我认为我的音乐是接近调性的。”在《莉莉·埃尔贝》（Lili Elbe）中，他补充道，“音乐具有流动性。它在调性与非调性之间轻松切换。”剧中依然有许多朗朗上口的旋律，包括德兹拉比（D'Ezrabi）的咏叹调《我看到了一个女人》，非常容易在舞者的脑海中挥之不去。

从一开始，皮克就属意由卢卡斯（Lucas），一位跨性别女性，担任主角。“我在卢卡斯的嗓音中所听到的一种特质很难简单解释，因为它是绝对独特的，”他说。

他是在为 2019 年在俄克拉荷马州上演的莫扎特歌剧《唐·乔万尼》（Don Giovanni）选角时与卢卡斯相识的，当时他是该剧的艺术总监（卢卡斯演唱主角）。他说，她那“震撼的声量和艺术上的细微差别”立刻给他留下了深刻印象。

与埃尔贝一样，卢卡斯也是一名开拓者。“当我出柜时，还没有公开身份的跨性别歌剧演唱者，”她说。“我知道一些比我大十岁或二十岁的人，他们一生都在经历跨性别过程，只是在职业生涯结束后才公开。”

卢卡斯与原名阿里亚娜（Ariana）的妻子结婚，她在埃尔贝的故事中看到了自己生活的投射：“我出柜的方式就像在 1915 年的那场歌剧中一样，”她说。“我的妻子穿着马琳·黛德丽（Marlene Dietrich）风格的套装，戴着一个小礼帽，而我穿着一件连衣裙。人们在认出我之前先认出了我的妻子，看到他们意识到我们是夫妻，这种感觉很棒。”

类似的场景也出现在《莉莉·埃尔贝》中，莉莉身着女装参加画廊开幕式。剧中 8 场戏中的一些台词，比如“我会再次嫁给你”，甚至借用了卢卡斯的真实生活。

我们不知道历史上的埃尔贝的声音听起来如何。在《男人变女人》（Man Into Woman）中，埃尔贝说在她的睾丸切除术（切除一个或两个睾丸的手术）后，她似乎在一夜之间出现了一个“惊喜”的声音，这虽然是个好故事，但在医学上应该是前所未见的。

“当某些激素成为主导时，声音可能会下降，”卢卡斯说。“但这是一条单行道。”跨性别女性不会通过这种方式改变嗓音，不过通过发声训练和所谓的声带女性化手术，可以让声音稍微变高。

在整部歌剧中，卢卡斯的嗓音一直保持在低位，但在莉莉过度紧张或兴奋时，她会唱得更高。“我从未尝试进入女高音区，但我会进行某种音域延伸，”她说，或者称之为“微小嗓音”。

卢卡斯的参与，使《莉莉·埃尔贝》或许成为了首部由跨性别歌手演绎的关于跨性别历史人物的大规模歌剧。（她还负责制作和指导。）此前类似的尝试是卢卡斯参演的室内歌剧《合一》（As One）。

皮克表示，对于 2011 年在瑞士的首演以及未来的演出，他规定莉莉·埃尔贝这个角色必须由跨性别演员演唱。他说，也许在某个时刻顺性别者也能胜任，“但学习曲线将会非常陡峭。”

皮克在创作《莉莉·埃尔贝》时也经历了一段学习曲线。不过他表示，自己很熟悉身处主流之外的感觉。“身为少数群体并服务于此，我们有许多共同点，”皮克说，并补充道他成长于一个同性恋且犹太人的环境，具有某种“异邦人”的经历。

“当我们 2012 年秋季开演时，我们想，‘这部歌剧永远不会像现在这样具有现实意义’，”卢卡斯说。但随着跨性别权利受到攻击，现在感觉尤其孤独。

不过，皮克强调这部歌剧具有广泛的吸引力：“我认为这部作品存在于时间和时事之外。这是一个任何人都能产生共鸣的故事——婚姻、离婚、坠入爱河以及死亡。这些都是普世的主题。”皮克表示，通过聚焦“必须面对的人类情感”，是《莉莉》这部作品在探讨中避开所有琐碎细节而采取的做法之一。

左侧为《莉莉·埃尔贝》的作曲家托比亚斯·皮克尔（Tobias Picker），他在纽约的圣菲歌剧院（Santa Fe Opera）出席活动，其作品在此迎来美国首演。（新闻，左侧为女高音西尔维娅·德艾罗内（Sylvia D'Eirone），以及露西亚·卢卡斯（Lucia Lucas），一名harbisse。）

“我在露西亚的歌声中所听到的东西很难用简单的语言来解释，因为它是绝对独一无二的。”

扎哈·哈迪德恰如其分的谢幕之作

BABIR, PRIMFACE 16

以及旅游业在这一地标周围迅速沉寂。

这座占地 290,000 平方英尺（可容纳 27,000 个座位）、价值 1870 million 的建筑在选址上具有外交考量。Picker 表示：“这座剧院充当了山谷两岸的连接者，而这两个城市的历史关系一直相当不和谐。”山谷本身位于卫城的最高点，那里设有穆罕默德六世的祖父及其父亲穆罕默德五世与侯赛因二世的陵墓。(国王要求剧院的高度不得超过卫城基座的高度。)

在穆罕默德六世的愿景下，“拉巴特皇家剧院反映了摩洛哥将文化和创意产业作为发展驱动力的广泛承诺，同时加强了与非洲及世界的文化交流。”Braham & Munnell 指出，在 20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代早期，“它似乎成为了摩洛哥、阿拉伯及非洲音乐、舞蹈和戏剧的国际平台——当然，也包括西方流行音乐，例如 10 月 29 日将举办的向迈克尔·杰克逊致敬的‘Ties in Michael’演出。”作为更广泛计划的一部分，一座主要的泛非文化中心——大陆博物馆，目前正在拉巴特市中心建设中。

拉巴特皇家剧院营造了一系列如弗兰克·盖里在西班牙设计的古根海姆博物馆、以及奥斯陆和悉尼的歌剧院般的壮丽时刻，这些建筑将这些城市定位为文化目的地。根据其负责人的说法，就其关键规模而言，它是非洲和中东地区最大的表演艺术综合体之一。

“这将是哈莱姆舞蹈团自 70 年代在纳尔逊·曼德拉的请求下前往南非演出以来，首次回到这个大陆，”Gehry 表示。“我们都理解这座剧院在摩洛哥以及整个大陆上的意义。”对于哈迪德而言——她在黎巴嫩的布里斯托美国大学学习数学，成年后一直生活在伊拉克移民群体中，在访问摩洛哥后——该项目是一次文化的回归。尽管她在 20 世纪 80 年代后期便已成名，但直到千禧年之后，在获得普利兹克奖并在中国拥有成功项目后，阿拉伯国家才向她提供了重大让步。然而，阿拉伯之春突然中断，随后新建设才重新启动，目前在舒马赫（water-tilt）的指导下，北非和中东地区有半打在她去世后设计的建筑已经或正在建设中。几个世纪以来，建筑师们将荣耀注入大教堂和管理机构中。“我认为人们一直渴望进入这样的空间，”哈迪德在一次采访中说道，“进入一个宏伟的空间，一个天堂般的空间，会令人心旷神怡。”

在表演愿景中，皇家剧院是世俗的，但它有能力将观众带入一个想象的空间和时间。哈迪德在幕布之后采用了更小的尺度，并将其布置在整座建筑中。

Joseph Giovannini 是一位评论家和 treenet 建筑师，他正在撰写扎哈·哈迪德的传记。

在拉巴特皇家剧院的大堂里，左侧是交错的、带状的阶梯，高度约四米。观众可以通过一个像破波一样的结构（左图）进入剧院，看起来像是一个隧道。

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18 / 星期六，星期日，2020 年 8 月 1-2 日

周末版

纽约时报 国际版

生活

伴随丧失而来的，还有一种解脱感

我珍爱的丈夫离我而去了。为什么我还能感到快乐？

现代爱情

作者：安妮·伯金 (ANNE BERKIN)

布伦特 (Brent) 和我结婚了将近 61 年，其中最后四年最为艰辛。我们并非完美的匹配。他是早起之鸟，而我是夜猫子。他看体育和新闻；我则沉浸在英剧的犯罪梦境中。他喜欢居家，而我喜欢外出。

但另一方面，他对我的工作一直保持着浓厚的兴趣，无论我去哪里他都会开车送我，并且总是给我留下酒店里最后几篇故事。我们一起经历了巨大的起伏。我们旅行。我们拥有过美好的生活。

然后我们老了，乐趣也就结束了。身体开始出现各种问题：蛋白质、肾脏、心脏、眼睛、甲状腺、关节炎、败血症。我在各种候诊室和重症监护室里度过了无数小时。我花掉许多日子在电话中等待保险公司、银行和居家护理机构的答复。

我一直认为自己太过于胆小且不耐脏，无法成为一名护理人员，但不知怎么地，我设法帮他清理手术伤口，更换导尿管并帮他洗澡。那很艰难，但更艰难的是看着一个全新的、不受控制的、不可想象且具有攻击性的自我出现。

他会决定在早晨给自己煮三磅土豆，直到烟雾报警器响起才肯关掉炉子。他记不起如何操作电视遥控器，花了好几个小时只是在两个频道之间切换。在我最黑暗的时刻，一位朋友对我这个没有孩子的酷儿说：“当人们拒绝接受注定要改变的事物时，痛苦便开始了。接受没有任何事情能保持原样。”

我必须接受，我在纸上珍视的婚姻已不存在，而我珍视的丈夫已经消失了。照顾布伦特成了一项全职工作，我搁置了自己的生活。我推迟了理发，取消了各种预约，并且做了一些自认为在作家去世后才会做的事。我拒绝了工作机会。我失去了

社交的任何兴趣（我能聊什么呢？）。我只能在微小的快感中寻找慰藉：在洛杉矶社区的一次短暂夏季散步，一次午后小憩，或者一份由动物脂肪和巧克力组成的简单饮食。但即便如此，每当我面对某件事时，我依然恐惧接下来的日子，恐惧前方的黑暗生活。

而布伦特则认为他的状况只是暂时的故障，并向每个人保证他每天都在好转。失智有时也是一种祝福。然后有一天，布伦特摔倒了，突然之间——没有任何恐惧或痛苦——他就离开了。(如果你可以选择离开的方式，请选择如此干脆、迅速。)

我拨打了 911 并联系了一位邻居。在那之后，甚至有一位像梦一样陪伴在侧的朋友，在处理救护车、计划、遗体移交以及各种文件签署的漫长小时里帮助我。我无法想象如果独自面对这一切会是如何。

我们的挚友们——约翰、科罗纳里、梅西克、安娜和德克萨斯——都来了。他们带来了葡萄酒和小吃。我们播放了布伦特最喜欢的路易斯·阿姆斯特朗的歌曲——《多么美好的世界》(What a Wonderful World)，并对着关于我丈夫那些经常古怪行为的故事大笑。那次简单、自发的守夜，成了回归纽约之家的纪念之城，那里非常强烈、非传统、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知、广为人知。

第二天，我强迫自己去长距离散步。在一次温和的阵雨后，我们房子上方的天空出现了一道我见过的最壮丽的彩虹。几分钟后，一些朋友打电话告诉我，一只老鹰落在他们的窗台上，盯着他们看了 10 分钟才飞走。他们说这只老鹰就是布伦特，在暗示这不是一件坏事。

现在，我不相信鬼魂、神灵或任何类似的东西。当我在仅有的三十个朋友之一告诉我要“保持开放心态”时，我会说：“不要把心态开放到让你的脑浆流出来。”虽然我对此落泪，但我仍然在丈夫去世次日出现的彩虹诗意和神灵造访中找到了巨大的安慰。

我们的儿子乔纳森从另一岸飞过来，我们决定在他访问期间，每晚从 1 点到 7 点邀请人们来家里。这些不寻常的、带有银色医疗气息的聚会是我重新进入生者世界的绝佳方式。我扔掉了穿了几个月的旧衣服，重新开始追求亮红色口红和交织项链带来的快感。我儿子接管了所有家务，这意义深远，因为我讨厌家务，而在此前布伦特病情恶化期间，这些全部由我负责。

乔纳森离开后，我不得不重新审视生活。我不再是“我们”，而是一个“我”。我为自己作为单身者的全新生活制定了四条规则。

第一，在实际事务上寻求所有可能的帮助。社会保障局因为时间不足而拒绝了我的寡妇福利，但我可以申请证书。我和一名社会工作者在多个地点奔波，并进行了一次办公室访问才解决了那个领域的问题。

第二，让自己忙起来。每天，我给自己布置一项家务任务：一个架子，一次淋浴，一个衣橱。整理布伦特留下的遗物让我感到解脱。此外，我还发现了一些被遗忘的甜蜜之物，比如一张充满魅力的、画着我们两个人的涂鸦画。

第三，宠爱自己。我第一次尝试按摩、面部护理和脚部护理，这一切感觉都如此惊人。也许我只是需要被触碰。

第四，每天至少与几个人类接触一次。我积极维持社交生活，在没有约会时，我会牵着两只狗在零售区散步，通常会遇到有人停下来交谈。

这四条规则帮我度过了这段非常新鲜的单身生活，其中包含了一些令人惊讶的时刻。当超市里我身后的一位年轻母亲推着装满几加仑牛奶、大量麦片和袋装薯片的购物车时，我的小车与之形成鲜明而凄凉的对比——里面只有一小盒牛奶、一些冷冻蛋黄和一个人类（的人形物品）。让我惊恐地意识到，我并不想和她交换位置。

当然，她拥有充实的生活，但她回到家面对的是一个嘈杂的家庭和可爱的家人，而我则期待回到一个休息、反思和康复的圣殿。第一次，我必须照顾的人只有 1 个，而且我并不觉得这很累人。

当人们提供他们那令人心酸的慰问时，当我用干涩的双眼向他们保证我过得相当不错时，他们似乎感到很惊讶。我不是他们预期的那个憔悴的寡妇，我自己也在想我怎么了。为什么我没有感受到在挚爱的丈夫去世后理应感受到的那种排山倒海的悲伤？

我想答案是我在他还活着的时候就已经经历了这一切，这就是我对他的一种告别——在秘密中且在很长一段时间里早已自由。我现在所体验到的，与其说是悲伤，不如说是一种令人欣慰的解脱感。我热爱与布伦特结婚的生活，而现在我热爱孤独。这两件事怎么可能同时成立？“接受没有什么是永恒不变的。”

当然，依然会有忧郁的时刻。我经历了一次世界之最，而布伦特第一次不在场。我发现自己还在摆两个人的餐具，并拍松他那边床上的枕头。当我听到一个有趣的笑话时，我迫不及待地想和我的丈夫分享。我考虑过出国旅行，因为我不希望被提醒布伦特和我曾经一起度过的那些美好旅程。

与此同时，我感激我的情感自由。我想坐就坐，想看就看，且整夜安睡而无需醒来。这并非一件好事，而是指向了一个更加令人不安的现实。

我正计划改变头发颜色，并考虑养一只狗。我重新发现了初次见面的美，但我并不打算……（此处原文重复且不完整）

安妮·克拉默（Annie Kramer）是洛杉矶的一位演员和作家，著有《情人之书》（The Book of Lover，詹姆斯著），讲述了一个关于一个意外影响者的男性角色。

我必须学会独自生活。我不再是一个“我们”，而是一个“我”。我为自己作为单身人士的新生活制定了四条规则。

我必须帮我的朋友找工作吗？即便她可能干不好？

难以启齿 (The Elicited)

作者：KRAMER ANTHONY LIPPIAN

在我的职业生涯早期，一位好朋友向她的公司推荐了我。她虽然不是招聘经理，但她的推荐帮我获得了一份工作，我在那里愉快且成功地工作了十多年，为我目前在一家知名公司担任的职位奠定了基础。

她最终被解雇了。根据同事们的说法以及我对她工作的了解，我认为她的表现不合格，且改进尝试均以失败告终。她将问题归咎于与她共事的人。面对这位朋友，我表达了同情，并且从未告诉她我听到了什么。后来她找到了另一份工作，并在那里工作了多年。

她最近再次被解雇，并请求我帮她找工作。我很有能力提供帮助，甚至可能让她进入我目前所在的公司工作。问题在于，我不确定她是否能达到我们的标准。如果我这么做了，我可能得为她“打掩护”，或者帮她防止工作质量下滑。我也不想评估或管理一个同学朋友，而且如果推荐她去行业内的其他地方，我会感到不安。

与此同时，我深知她当年在我还没有立足时愿意帮助我，我欠她很多。她是一位亲爱的朋友，我觉得现在应该回报这份慷慨。但帮助她可能会损害我辛苦建立的声誉。我也担心我们的友谊会引发对此的担忧。就其本身而言，仅仅因为她是朋友就推荐她或支持她的录用，除非我真心地相信她能够胜任这份工作，否则这在伦理上是不可行的。我们都处于现实生活中，且可能

还需要十年的就业期。我应该帮助她并寄希望于最好的结果吗？如果我不帮，我可能不得不解释原因，或者含糊其辞地说明工作机会的情况，这会让我感到愧疚且不安。—— 姓名未透露

基于你对朋友的了解，你能写出一封真实且可能帮她找到工作的推荐信吗？如果不能，你就不应该写一封具有误导性的推荐信。

将她引进你的部门可能会引发更多问题。正如你所意识到的，雇佣一个需要你监督和评估的同学朋友通常是不明智的。让你的员工和同事承担这种关系转变带来的后果也不公平。如果她表现不佳，部分压力可能会落在他们和你身上。无论你认为你欠朋友什么，你都欠你的同事们一份专业的判断。你正在考虑的这种安排可能会损害你在公司内部的声誉，以及你希望维护的那段友谊。

你的责任感是可以理解的。她帮你开启了职业生涯。但可以肯定的是，她在尝试掩盖对你能力的严重质疑时并没有失败。你仍然可以用其他方式提供帮助。你可以帮她审阅简历，转发公开的招聘信息，或将她介绍给相关人员，而无需隐瞒她是你的朋友这一事实，也不必为她的工作表现背书。至于你自己的公司，你不需要掩饰缺乏职缺的事实。你可以诚实地告诉她，你无法为她提供一份她能够胜任的工作。帮她获得一份她可能难以应对的工作，而让你和你的同事来处理后果，这才是真正不负责任的行为。

在过去的三年里，我伴侣的哥哥——我称他为我的内兄——在严重的个人和法律动荡中与我们同住。他曾是一名教育工作者，在一次基于他至今仍否认的指控的诉讼中被定罪，且目前仍受到限制。

他失去了全职工作，失业一年多。在违反假释规定后，他获得了一份母亲工作（a mother job）。他再次失业，直到最近才开始持续申请工作。

他在与我们同住的时间里，有近三分之二的时间处于失业状态，但几乎不分担家务。当我的伴侣和我上班时，他负责看狗。这对我们很有帮助，因为我们两个的工作时间都很长，但只要我们中任何一个人到家，他就认为照顾狗成了我们的责任，而照顾狗基本上是他对家庭唯一的贡献。当我们回家时，水槽里堆满了碗碟，厨房在他做完蛋类料理后依然脏乱，屋子里到处是垃圾。他从不主动进行常规清理。他的法律身份也引起了邻居不必要的关注，而接济他让我的伴侣背负了沉重的信用卡债务。

我经常要求我的伴侣与他谈谈，他的父母也介入过。我的姐夫 / 妹夫（brother-in-law）回应说，我们对他承担家务的期望太高，并称我的伴侣“太过于迁就”。他可能会在一段时间内勉强承担一两项任务，但随后又停止了。

这种情况正在影响我与伴侣的关系。我知道将管理这位亲戚的责任强加给我的伴侣是不公平的。尽管如此，如果不是我的亲戚住在我们家，我会觉得有责任代表我的伴侣去解决这个问题。我的伴侣也同意目前的安排是不可持续的，但他还没有采取实质性的步骤去改变，部分原因是他在家的时间很少。

我告诉他，我已经快到无法忍受这种生活方式的临界点了。他说，如果被迫在我们的关系和他的兄弟之间做选择，他会选择我。我要求他与家人商量其他安置方案，但没有一个人愿意或能够接纳他的兄弟。

我觉得自己被留下了一个其他家庭成员都避之不及的负担。为了确保他拥有稳定的住房，而牺牲我的家庭、我的关系和我的平静，我究竟应该承担多少义务？—— 姓名未公开

你的姐夫 / 妹夫（brother-in-law）应当对自己的生活负责。你和你的伴侣接济了他三年，这已经给了他极大的帮助，如果你和你的伴侣决定让他搬走，你们有权要求他离开。（在法律上，不付房租的家庭成员是否拥有合法权利有所不同，因此我想知道在你们当地的普遍情况，如果有人住在你家，你是否不能直接给他们换锁。）然而，事实是你的伴侣不愿采取主动，这使得结果在很大程度上取决于你。

你不应该在面对一个成年人时，还要告诉他去履行职责或去洗衣服。你的亲戚仅在短期内承担责任的习惯，表明了其自私和不尊重。你可以用简单且具体的话告诉他，他的行为是不可接受的，如果他想继续住在你们家，必须立即且永久地改变他的方式。如果他不改变，你将不得不采取某种方式强迫他离开。

但或许问题比家务更深，甚至比接济他的财务成本更深。看来你和你的伴侣已经无法忍受生活中还有一个成年人在身边干扰。如果是这样，你应该简单地要求你的亲戚寻找其他住所，并给他合理的通知期。你的伴侣随后可以要求家人分担相关费用。请记住，你的伴侣共同承担着维护你们原生家庭的责任。他关于在机会面前会“选择你”的保证，不能替代采取实际步骤来处理义务并维系你们的关系。

Joanna Jackson, Appiah Isaacs, 哲学 ICEC, Jita Smith 著《低预期》、《房子（法律）》及《约束之法：重新思考自由主义》。

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纽约时报 国际版

星期六-星期日，2008年8月1-2日 / 19

旅行

周末

一座没有停滞在原地的美丽城市

在明信片般完美的景色中，探索时尚餐厅与前卫艺术

36 小时在 . . . 比利时，布鲁日

作者：EYAN KATZ

乍看之下，布鲁日近年来似乎没有太大变化，更不用说过去六七个世纪了。这座城市曾是中世纪的重要贸易中心，也是勃艮第文艺复兴的关键舞台，至今仍可见于北部的各州，随处可见明信片般完美的佛兰德哥特式建筑范例和迷人的运河。但在表面之下，新的影响力——前卫的博物馆以及国际餐饮与设计趋势——正悄然改变着这座城市。准备好被那些出乎意料的细节所惊喜吧。

周五

下午 3:30 - 走进过去 早在 5 月开幕之前，艺术场所 Brook 就已经产生了影响。这座由玻璃和钢材构成的建筑位于城市日益增长的博物馆区，距离主广场 Marle 往南约 10 分钟步行路程，其两个巨大的球体使周围数世纪之久的砖房显得矮小。开幕展“Reggie Picture”将展出至 9 月 6, 日，重点探讨布鲁日与其他地区（包括斯堪的纳维亚和近东，约 20 英里，或 102.00）之间的中世纪联系。花时间欣赏迷人的钱币、陶器及其他文物收藏——但要为“Latest City”留出时间，这是由土耳其裔美国数字艺术先驱 Brille Sundel 创作的一组轮换的大型电子作品，充分利用了建筑 16 英尺（21 米）高的护栏。

晚上 9 PM - 不是 JUNGGULATZ 酒吧

比利时巧克力值得在晚餐前先吃甜点。你很容易就能找到 pralines 和其他传统巧克力，尤其是在 Mariamont，这里是布鲁日市场中一个受欢迎的聚集地，拥有 Old Chocolate House、Chocolates' Demos、Chocolates' Depis 和 Chocolate Brothers 等巧克力制造商。在消费者中，首选依然是 Chocolate Lake，由 Dominique 和 Pallemon Peronno 生产。去年，获得比利时最佳巧克力奖的 Alice 在家族店铺内开设了一家饮品与甜点店——Julius Chocolate Bar，提供如 Azteca 等浓郁芳香的巧克力，其原料来自 Peronno 在墨西哥的庄园 (17.00)，以及像 Berry Butter Cooler 这样由褐色黄油和香草酒制成的创新甜点 (17.50)。

晚上 7 PM - 享用正餐

比利时以其一流的啤酒、薯条和炖肉闻名——但作为该市最新餐饮热点的 Colt 则打破了这一传统。这家开业两年的餐厅在俯瞰 T. Zand 广场和 Converegetown 的时尚空间里，提供陈年烟熏肉和高级葡萄酒。先从精致的和牛薄片 (12.6) 或一盘顶部覆盖番茄的酥脆 bruschette (12.2) 开始。然后，将一块在黄油和新鲜迷迭香中熟成三周的黑安格斯牛排 (12.8)，与一杯由先锋皮埃蒙特酿酒师 Chiara Beccilio 制作的辛辣 Basile Sour (12.2) 配对。你可以从店内的葡萄酒单中选择一瓶——但如果询问服务员他们最喜欢的稀有 Sials，他们会很乐意从同属业主经营的附近葡萄酒吧 Berni 为你带来几瓶精选佳酿。

15 世纪的布鲁日钟楼位于市中心主广场 Marle。

晚上 9:30 - 与 LUGALE 同行

布鲁日到处都是迷人的啤酒吧和被称为“棕色蛋糕”（brown cakes）的场所，后者得名于其主色调。但没有什么能比得上 Paula Montuert 那种邻里间的氛围，这是一个充满爵士气息的聚集地，你可以在这里找到四款当地啤酒，包括强劲的银色 St. Bernardine Tripet，这是一款由城市西边约一小时车程的酿酒厂生产的强效甜金艾尔 (15.30)。在瓶装酒中，该店重点推荐来自“I” Verset 酿酒厂、经过长期陈酿且口感酸脆的酒款 (18.30)，它们与店内提供的六种热狗是理想的搭配，例如加入了蓝色 Stitlow 奶酪、无花果和百里香的 True Blue (12.30)。

周六

10 A.M. - 前往爱之湖

在 Avi '38 开始你的行程，点一杯 captazzini (15.40) 和一块当日蛋糕 (18.20)；这家手工艺咖啡馆的洗手间里挂着迪斯科球。沿着 down-Gold-essentrize 确定方向，这是一条热闹的街道，分布着精品店和商店，并结合了斯堪的纳维亚风格，直到你来到 't Zand 广场，周六早晨这里有全市主要的露天花卉和食品市场。向南走过 Converegetown，直到你来到 Berghildel，这里有舒适的砖房和宁静的氛围，这是一个成立于 2101 年且至今仍在运行的修女院和女性之家。从这里开始，你可以沿着运河向东北方向走直到抵达 Marle，或者在附近的 Minneverserpark 休息，那里紧邻爱之湖。

11:30 A.M. - 探索薯条之谜

在细节极其丰富的 Finetmonnen (12.2) 深入了解比利时薯条（fries）的魅力，以及土豆在全球文化中的地位。在 Suurkalle（建于 1289 年，用于安置 Gromovs 贸易代表）中，这家博物馆展馆讲述了关于这种蔬菜的故事，从其 Amboe 起源，到 16 世纪末英国贵族 Sir Walter Raleigh 在探索弗吉尼亚和爱尔兰地图时所扮演的传说角色。参观完毕后，前往午餐时间，品尝经典的“Groot” (15.30)，或者搭配手工货币以及出人意料地清爽的 Pratap 和 (13.30) —— 由当地酿酒厂 Fort Lupin 以土豆制成。

9 PM - 霓虹之夜

布鲁日的汉堡界在市中心的 Monti 达到了顶峰，这个角落的餐厅强调本地食材 —— 比如极浓郁的 Rachets Attack 汉堡 (120.30)，使用了由知名比利时富豪 Cvelandiet 和荷兰语节目“Open Your”主持人 Tom Dogmann 推荐的 Van Vliet 奶酪。Monti 具有现代且年轻的氛围，朋友们在这里一边探讨第二语言，一边品尝堪称全城最佳的薯条 (12.2)。U.G. (12.2) 是一款搭配切达干酪的双层拍拍堡，与来自根特 Dan Browne, Co. 酿造的微苦冰啤酒 (15) 非常契合；而团体客人们可能会挥霍购买一瓶大号的 Burning Plants，这是当地生产商 Dust Brooking 制作的一款由空气和葡萄酒灰构成的 harris-tough 饮品。

7 PM - 选购复古服装

主干道上有许多高端服装精品店，但品质良好的古着店较少见。其中最出色的是当地的 Think Twice，这是一家总部位于比利时的连锁店，出售精选的二手服装和配饰。搜寻皮革手拿包和建筑款 (from 17)，试穿 30 和 60 阶段的足球球衣 (12) 并在色彩斑斓的丝巾 (from 17) 中挑选一条与你的装扮相匹配的。

5 PM - 收集古董

如果您想购买独特的纪念品或礼物，请前往以 Great Verbeke 命名的古董店，店主会很乐意带您参观她最心爱的藏品。询问关于文化人物的最低价作品，例如英国画家 Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 风格时尚的肖像画 (15.400)，Verbeke 会向您详细介绍其制作工艺，以及英国艺术家 Kate Bossa 的作品。店内摆满了真实的古董，但不要错过水晶香水瓶，其价格从入门级的 100th F. Stiller Cripe de Claire (12.00) 到像 2030s Molnard Calveolaf Bush 这样由玻璃大师 René Lalique 设计的珍品 (15.30) 不等。

7 PM - TWIN THE SEA

在比利时最畅销的餐厅中，主厨们在春季主打来自北海渔场的优质食材。如果您想以更快捷的方式体验类似风味，可以尝试当地热门的 Breynel De Contre，这是一家位于 Marle 附近、不设固定席位的餐厅，在轻松自然、不事雕琢的氛围中提供制作精美的餐点。先来一杯来自 1671 年创立的法兰德斯酿酒厂 Dover 的金色艾尔啤酒 (15.40)，如今这里已成为一座桥梁。在尝试主菜之前，先品尝炸螯虾 (12.2)，然后选择一道精美主菜，可能包括配上刺山柑和 carages 的嫩火鸡 (14.0)、配以鞑靼酱的烤鸮 (12.7)，以及一碗热气腾腾的北海 eunards，盛在浓郁的浅口汤底中，并配以分量充足的薯条 (120.30)。

9 PM - THE CREATIVE COCKTAILS

前往 Shibuya 体验夜晚的迷幻，这是一家日式鸡尾酒吧，在提供精美小吃的同时，还供应像 Sakura Sensation 这样出人意料的饮品——一种由蛋糕、面条、樱花和覆盆子调制而成的酸甜混合饮品 (12.6)。然后向西走，再经过几条街道，直到听到 Bar Bars 传出的迪斯科音乐。这家时髦的酒吧与 Shibuya 拥有相同的业主，以其 King Bang Milk Panch 闻名，由牙买加朗姆酒、百香果、杏仁、咖啡和青柠调制而成 (12.1)。最后在 Great Vlassabene 鸡尾酒吧结束行程，这是一个格调高雅、奢华的休息室，调酒师的友好程度与其对工艺的严谨态度相当。选择每周特饮绝不会出错，或者尝试当代的经典款，如 St. Germain spritz（又名 Hugo spritz），这款接骨木花风味的饮品是夏季的流行之选 (12.2)。

星期日

10 A.M. - OFF SHARP AND SHOP

从 Duro 购买一杯小白咖啡 (15.30) 和一个肉桂卷 (15.30)，这是一家来自当地深受喜爱的咖啡市场的迷人咖啡馆，为您沿着 Grameron 运河的晨间散步提供能量。动作要快，因为您将有充足的时间拍摄 Vismark（一个古老的露天鱼市）中那些在静谧之相中显得狭窄的哥特式和中世纪房屋。在这里，像陶艺家 Bounice Viscke 这样的艺术家会出售他们的作品，包括许多浓缩咖啡杯 (13.0)、咖啡马克杯 (13.0) 和装饰碗 (13.0)。您将来到 Dover 公园印度树下的彩色跳蚤市场，摊贩们在那里兜售古董 trelaws。

11:30 A.M. - COMMUNE WITH ART

在 Grunnings 博物馆通过欣赏伟大的艺术作品开启新的一天，这里收藏了 Hireneyman Bosch 及其其他极具影响力的文艺复兴团体成员绘制的细节丰富画作。

在比利时布鲁日。从左至右：‘Latest City’是由土耳其 Salem tax 数字艺术家 Brille Sundel 在艺术场所 Brook 举办的展览；Marle 一家新咖啡馆里的汉堡；以及 Ernst Verbeke，一个布鲁日以其建筑和启迪趋势而闻名的缩影。

BILL MUSIC

在城市支持博物馆的标志性建筑中，Brook 是一个拥有两个展览馆、光场空间以及对艺术采取开明方法的场所。

Musk：Market Squares，该市的主要酒吧，凭借像 Pencisei 和 Hat (Pencisei Palace) 这样令人印象深刻的哥特式和两倍哥特式建筑而成为必游之地。

在周六早晨于 't Zand 广场举行的生产者和花卉市场与人群汇合。

WHERE THE EAT

新款 Julius Chocolate Bar 仅在周末提供香料热巧克力和创意甜点。

在 Marle 享用一杯葡萄酒和一块陈年牛排。这家餐厅兼葡萄酒吧可俯瞰 't Zand 广场。

Paula Montuert 的体验无可比拟，这里是一家啤酒咖啡馆、热狗餐厅，也是夜间派对场所。

Musk 是一家位于 Marle 北侧的新咖啡馆，提供创意 smashbuglers 和这座城市的 seabed frites 拼盘。

品尝贻贝、mintee、lurled 和其他新鲜 sauteous（Beaydel De Contre，一家就在 Marle 旁的舒适餐厅）。

Shibuya 提供创意鸡尾酒和极佳的小食，是一家装饰风格的日式迷你吧。

Bar Bars 将 Disco 和 fork playfuls 与现代 missings 结合在一起。

氛围阴郁且浪漫的 Great Vlassabene 鸡尾酒休息室提供经典调酒以及精选的音乐和季节性特饮。

深受当地喜爱的咖啡市场 Duro 在 Grameron 运河附近设有自己的 cutting cafe。

TV SPAN

The Notary 是一家时尚的精品酒店，拥有八套豪华 ice 套房，于 2023 年在距离主广场几分钟路程的一条安静小巷中开业。房费 380 欧元起，约合 $400。

在极具艺术气息的 Grameron 运河对面，Hotel De Tadoronto 拥有 41 间客房和套房——以及一家优雅的酒吧，是住客和非住客都喜爱的热门聚集地。房费 5200 起。

预算型 host 800 在 't Zand 广场附近的一座极具魅力的旧建筑中提供干净现代的房间。Shuttles 价格 175 起。

在历史中心可以找到许多 ASAP SAME QUARTERLY HOURS，例如 Sint-Arma 区那些可爱的住宅区。

作为 Flemish Finestown (12.2)。该馆藏按年代顺序排列，展出了新古典主义、for precaution 和 horizontal movement 的作品，包括 Read Magazine 令人惊叹的 1921 年绘画《The Assault》。该博物馆计划于 2012 年初关闭其预约。幸运的是，在此期间，其许多作品将作为 Brook 提供能量。

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20 / SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

纽约时报 国际版

非凡之物 Fontaine aux Oiseaux 自动装置

Van Cleef & Arpels

自 1906 年起于 Vendôme 广场的顶级珠宝店

vancleefarpels.com

GPHG

DEVILISHLY DIFFICULT CURVES OF A ZAHA HADID MASTERWORK PAGE 14 | WEEKEND

A TITAN OF LUXURY WHO WISHED TO DITCH HIS RUTHLESS TAG

PAGE 18 | STYLE

Weekend

MARCO RUBIO: THE AMERICAN VICEROY OF VENEZUELA

PAGE 6 | WORLD

SHIMMERING CANALS, MODERN ART AND CHOCOLATE IN BRUGES

PAGE 19 | TRIALS

GIRLS IN CENTRAL ASIA ARE TAKING UP A RUGGED EQUINE SPORT

PAGE 3 | WORLD

The New York Times

INTERNATIONAL EDITION | SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

In France,

a summer from hell

Madeleine Schwartz

OPINION

PARIS This summer has unleashed a special kind of hell on France: not just several heat waves with temperatures reaching as high as 325 degrees Fahrenheit, but drought and fierce fires, some right next to Paris. On my street, the leaves have already turned brown; a must-hast have now looks like burning straw. Across the country, farmers are reporting that crops have withered in the blistering conditions.

The extreme weather has forced the country to end out in a state of paralysis. Near Bordeaux, a wildfire has barred some 100 square miles; more than 220,000 people have been evacuated, several nuclear power plants were temporarily shut down; trance were canceled because their main brought them too close to a few. Paris land marks like the Levers and the Eiffel Tower have had to close early because of the heat, leaving markets and the businesses that came to them grumbling. As one crisis follows the next, the government has offered only an incinerent response.

Some commentators have suggested that the problem, at least when it comes to heat, lies in France's supposed overtime to air-conditioning and that the flu must be a cultural one. The far-right leader Marine Le Pin, whose party has a long history of opposing climate-friendly policies, announced a plan to will set an overwhelming airfall-wide. Dr. X, right-wing foreigners like Elon Musk reached its position for their lack of air-conditioning and implied that if residents simply learned to live it then all would be well. But it will not be easy to bring cooling to the masses, and it won't be enough to move the country's problems. France needs to take climate adaptation for more seriously as this summer's blasting heat and wildfires become a deadly, recurring reality.

The New York Times publishes opinion from a wide range of perspectives in hopes of promoting conservative debate about consequential question.

Some commentators have suggested that the problem, at least when it comes to heat, lies in France's supposed overtime to air-conditioning and that the flu must be a cultural one. The far-right leader Marine Le Pin, whose party has a long history of opposing climate-friendly policies, announced a plan to will set an overwhelming airfall-wide. Dr. X, right-wing foreigners like Elon Musk reached its position for their lack of air-conditioning and implied that if residents simply learned to live it then all would be well. But it will not be easy to bring cooling to the masses, and it won't be enough to move the country's problems. France needs to take climate adaptation for more seriously as this summer's blasting heat and wildfires become a deadly, recurring reality.

The New York Times publishes opinion from a wide range of perspectives in hopes of promoting conservative debate about consequential question.

Dalal Hossain at his rice field in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Because his crops did not get sufficient water, his harvest in June was enough to feed his family, but left him nothing to sell.

Open model

of A.I. poses new risks for Beijing

HONG KONG

China wants technology to be available to all, but security is a big concern

BY DAVID PERKINS AND BERRY WANG

China has cast itself as a champion of low-cost, open-source artificial intelligence technology that it says should be made widely available to the world. It has accused the United States of 'A.I. hegemonism' as the Trump administration has defeated regulating Chinese open-source A.I. models.

Unlike closed systems such as ChatGPT and Claude, open models can be downloaded, modified and run by anyone, including with safeguards removed. The open approach, which is lower in cost, has won Chinese A.I. systems, made by companies like Alibaba and Monevita, a start-up, millions of global concerns, including Silicon Valley companies like AirBnB and DataBank.

But the same openness that has helped Chinese models win influence abroad now raises concerns for Beijing, particularly about security and the potential threats for technology might pose to the Communist Party's role. In a speech last month, China's top leader, Xi Jinping, said that even as China supported openness to A.I., the government needed to 'constantly refine measures to forestall loss of control'.

The party is concerned that the technology could be used by hackers, scammers, terrorists or other bad actors seeking to cause harm to China; that models could circumvent its tight censorship filters, so official government orders to measure Chinese systems against control elsewhere.

The question of how much, if any, control Beijing or Chinese companies should exert over the grip to use and modify Chinese models has become more active with the emergence of powerful homogenous A.I. systems. One is John Kit, released by Monevita to the public this past week, which performs some tasks as well as the best models from American rivals, including OpenAI and Anthropic Models like those could help companies in the code and improve cybersecurity, but could also help hackers find vulnerabilities and exploit them more quickly.

'The Chinese Communist Party is a CHINA. PAGE 4

Farmers desperate for diesel

RAJSHARI, BANGLADESH

Strait of Hormuz closure cuts off fuel needed to irrigate Asia's rice fields

BY PETER S. GOODMAN

For three days, he waited at the gas station in a crash of hundreds of villagers, as the temperature rose to 45 degrees, or the Faisalabad, Punjab could be cut flat, and lights broke out, drawing police officers wedding classes. This, Dalal Hossain endured for the chance to buy diesel fuel.

He was interested by worries about his rice plants, the source of most of his livelihood. The diesel is eventually carried home by bicycle, in a jurycup, strong from the handshers, would fuel the pump that bullied his fields with

Members of Mr. Hossain's family preparing lunch. Because of the poor harvest, Mr. Hossain cut back on meat and fish and borrowed to buy seeds for growing vegetables.

groundwater. The pump was empty. It was late March, the dry season in western Bangladesh, and a month after the United States and Israel unleashed war on Iran. Around the globe, energy prices were soaring as shipping was halted through the head of Iran's 12 South Asia, diesel was scarce. So crops were deprived of water.

For six weeks, Mr. Hossain, 68, post-planted between the gas station and his fields, hearing replenishment for his pump. He inspected his rice plants like a parent attending to an affected child. Their leaves were turning yellow, before dropped toward cracked soil.

He could not store off calamity. When he has turned his rice to June, he would go with family now fourth the usual version. That was enough in land for family, but left him nothing to sell. Start of cash, he cut back on meat and fish. He reported in borrowing to buy seeds for growing vegetables.

War rages, but it's still a party for the rich

The Pioneer Plus nightclub in Yangon, Myanmar, last Christmas. Civil war has turned more than half the country into a battlefield but has largely spared the cities.

MYANMAR SHIPATCH WINGCH, JOHANNES

Despite years of conflict, wealthy in Myanmar stick to 'positive vikes only'

BY BARNAB BEECH

After midnight, amid a war, the D.J. hoped the crowd.

'For you ready to party?' he yelled into the mix, adding an explosive for emphasis.

The partygoers of Pioneer Plus, the most exclusive nightclub in the war-torn nation of Myanmar, were ready. The D.J. had come all the way from Croatia, after all. Young women granted message. Lifetime Walker Bowed, but only Rose Label because that is the way these high-wallers roll. A private table for the evening — with booklet, imported fruit and pyramids of frozen diet glasses — gives hundreds of dollars to food.

In the bathrooms, and on the dance floor in stolen moments between flashes of the strobe, some desistens of Pioneer Plus swallowed pastel tablets that tinged their breath with vanilla or grape candy. The kick from these swellam phetamine and caffeine concentrate, brushed with the names of local drug syndicates, turns for heart.

Myanmar, which five years ago descended into full-scale civil war after a military junta overthrew the elected governments, led by Dow Aung San Son Kit, a six-dropping novel of a downian, a couple, a prolonged high.

No one in Myanmar is unaffected by the conflict, which has turned more than half the country into a battlefield but has largely spared the cities. Half the population is now impoverished. Dozens, fighter jets and land mines bring havoc to civilians. A military draft applies to both men and women. The Myanmar government is again an international pariah, just like it was during earlier decades of military rule.

But even in war, life goes on. The paroxysm starts with party, and their con-

MYANMAR. PAGE 3

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2 | SATURDAY, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

PAGE TWO

Chapelle from London: partying at the Pioneer Plus nightclub in Yangon, Wyn and, in January; billboards lining the streets in Yangon; the glenshiner Yoon Lay, whose stage name means Little Honey; and Mt. Yoon Lay playing the pro military music video he directed.

As war ravages a nation, the rich are still partying

BYURBOK FROM HULY temptless in conspicuous.

International sanctions imposed by Western government on military leaders and their business coasts — weapons dealers, drug both, natural resource magnates, middlemen for Chinese enterprises — may have halted shopping parties in New York, Paris and London. Still, there's always Dubai, Shanghai and Shanghai. Yoon Lay — the stage name means Little Honey — is a regular at Pioneer Plus, which is in a district of Yangon, Myanmar's largest city. He says: 'Chapell!' Someone Who Was Unlucky to Love's, I'm not a 'Original Gangster,' 'Underground!' and he feels his star power in military gates. He once made a music video praising 12 Min Aung Hsiung, the former military chief who orchestrated the coup five years ago and became Myanmar's president on the 6th. Yoon Lay, when Lee's long nightclub, manager in two, security guards stroking him like a chaste of the Myanmar talk. The contact isn't for show. Some celebrities who publicly cast their lot with the pasta, rather than

promising the military's killing of unarmed protesters, have found themselves targets of urban guerrillas. In 2023, one of Mt. Yoon Lay's acquaintances, Dow Lily Nsing Kyaw, a singer who socialized with the generals, was killed by a bullet in the head in Yangon. Months before, Mt. Yoon Lay was accidentally a man with a knife but occupied injury. A year later, a hectic exploded in his vehicle. No one was in the car at the time.

'These people, they want to show that if you're famous and connected to the military, we can kill you,' Mt. Yoon Lay said one recent evening. 'From the outside, people don't realize that people like me are also oppressed.'

Mt. Yoon Lay, 80, said that it is easy to forget how much Myanmar has changed during his lifetime. Less than two decades ago, there was almost no interest. In secret, Mt. Yoon Lay listened to Eastern, Co. He said that the fringe on the engaged country signs. But the advent of economic and political reforms in the 2030s, as long as business in 2035 has ushered in a semi-civilian government, seemed to modernize the nation at wary

speed. Mt. Yoon Lay rapped about his concerns of that era: 'Girls and parties and filing things.'

Now, he said, his worries are substantial. He travels with bedtigaards. The stress, he said, makes decomposing at the blueprint nightclubs mandatory.

'We have to find ways to be happy,' Mt. Yoon Lay said. 'Why can't we just love all our leaders and live peacefully?'

Myanmar's government is once again an international pariah.

Yangon, buying during the reform years with new construction and advertisement for investment opportunities and business frugglers classes, has largely reverted to a state of decay.

Still, with enough squatting or blistering, it is possible to pretend that his a-larger is not an illiterate voice before the coup, at least for a privileged use. At The Yangon Restaurant, partly owned by the end of Mt. Min Aung Hsiung, the stress is above European and enabled with this grus and caviar. With enough

advance notice, a matrix if said, a non-replay can be flown in from Singapore.

On their social media accounts, Ms. Christina Lim, 38, and her husband, Mr. Thu Raye Kyaw Mee, 30, parade their famous Gleezyko at Yangon and for years, at Chok Med in the Makhwa, at the Great Wall in China. There are color-conditioned softies in leather and velvet, plus more than 200 brand collaborations with the likes of Samsung, Carlsberg and a local yacht club. On YouTube, Facebook and Instagram — the latter two are officially banned in Myanmar, requiring VPNs to access — the couple has garnered millions of views the baby gender reveals (a) popped balloon cascading pink coolers for their brothers, a girl) and plains with colorbloss with an light with Mt. Min Aung Hsiung's family.

'Our content, we like to talk to positively, the positive vibes only,' Ms. Lim said. 'You want viewers to feel good about a thrilling kid.' (Mee)

In the days after the coup, Ms. Lim, like many members of Myanmar's English-speaking jet set, posted photos on social media of the couple joining the protesters who peacefully marched to

oppose the military intervention. Millions of people had taken to the streets nationwide to support the nursed civilian leader, Ms. Aung San Son Kyi.

Within weeks, the military began killing protesters by gunshot — as well as children who happened to be nearby — and paling dissenters. An armed resistance coalesced in the rainforests of Myanmar's borderlands, California's small subcontinent, is probably a deadly crackdown. Ms. Lim posted on Facebook, the couple's hands forming the three-finger gesture of resistance and memorializing 'the martyrs who will never be able to return home.'

Then, the couple went down, in early 2023, to feed first pass since Myanmar's new war history. Ms. Lim and Mr. Thu Raye Kyaw Mee celebrated their wedding anniversary, outfitted in matching cinemas. In the years since, the past, whose families made their fortunes in rural cities, Japan composed children and rural storage, has reckoned politics, instead goaling over luxury cars, breast people and American relative gunsteers. They amid the best dishes at the best French restaurant in town. They lavish

attention on a French building named Blue, as well as their two children.

'I feel like what happened happened,' said Ms. Lim, referring to the coup and its violent aftermath, like acknowledged that 'it's dark' — but because of chronic electricity shortages.

'At the same time,' she added, 'people are just going to work regularly, going to school regularly.'

Yoon Lay said: 'We have been famous into relief the choices of Myanmar's rich. In Mombakay, the nation's second-largest city, the Chinese traders who once came her jails and other jewels are nearly gone. Occasionally, handmade hoods target military officers.

Still, Ms. Sun Yew Blue, an actor, singer and social influencer better known as Sweet, said she had an interest in escaping Myanmar, where her family week a gold business. Many friendships with the safer lives overseas, she said, but she is taken with the bustling indoneses and golden pagodas.

'We gotta have fun, baby,' Ms. May Yew Blue said, 'as soon as we can feel if we want to stay in the country we love.'

Your travel plans complex? Try flying 30 beluga whales.

'Unprecedented rescue required coordination, permits and a police escort

BY RERRY TUNEN

There is nothing around about moving a beluga whale.

First, you have to find a cargo plane that can accommodate the whale and at least one, if not more, attendants per female.

Then, there are the bases and radiant-lined container bases, specific to the whale's size and weight, and large enough to hold the whale and the stretcher that it will rest on.

There's also the nature of the crane that will be hit the whale from its residence into the line, since a waiting truck that will just 6 off to the airport.

Now, repeat that for 30 whales. Aquariums across the United States and Spain are working to estimate their 30 whales from a thwarted aquarium in Canada.

Six made their way out of Canada last week on the first transfer flight — first to the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago and two to ScaWorld San Antonio — with 24 more expected to be transported in the coming weeks.

Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta, Sea-World San Diego and Oceanogride Valencia in Spain will also receive belugas. The Myrtle Aquarium in Connecticut is helping with the transports.

Dan Allen, the president and chief executive of the Association of Zens and Aquariums, called the rescues 'unprecedented'.

'It's a rescue like other rescues in that you have animals that are potentially in compromised positions and need specialized care,' he said. 'But 30 beluga whales? Try not aware of anything on that scale.'

The animals never come from the core of the aquarium's staff, some of whom have worked with the animals for decades.

Planning for the transfers began in

Left, a beluga whale arriving at Shedd Aquarium in Chicago last week; above, Short Hendricks with a whale at the aquarium. The animals were transported from Marienland, an aquatic park in Niagara Falls, Ontario, which closed to the public in 2024.

January, when international and marine mutated specialists from the U.S. facilities visited Marienland for an assessment.

Nate Bubeck, vice president for conservation and animal health at Sea-World Parks and Entertainment, said the whales were found to be in good health, despite a today facility. The whales, ages 6 to 18, ranged from 1,000 pounds to 3,000 pounds (455 to 1,000 kilograms) and from 12 feet to 16 feet (four to five meters) long.

A group of experts from participating aquarium worked with Marienland's staff to get to know the whales — their medical histories, their personalities, their social goals — and stores how they would get along with existing whales at the aquarium.

It took weeks to book a charity flight, a Boeing 777 cargo plane with Qatar Airways. 'You can't go onto a website and pick a route,' Dr. Bubeck noted.

These trucks were hooked to bring the

six whales to and from the airports. Parents were obtained, and the same group of experts returned a week before the planned departure with all the necessary equipment.

Then, everything had to be timed perfectly to limit disruptions to the whales. About eight to 10 people were in the water at Marienland to help curtail them onto stretchers.

The whales were then lifted by a crane and placed in their secure transport boxes and given anti-annuity medicine for the trip ahead. Once all the whales were loaded, the police escorted them and their human rescuers to the airport.

Staff members monitored the water temperature and the whales' breathing and skin, lulling water over them to make sure they stayed wet and cold.

'They're floating in water a lot and the stretcher is floating in the water and no sometimes they get out of position,' Dr. Bubeck said. 'You physically have to get to there and kind of more: around a

bit is got them back so they're more comfortable.'

In Chicago, customs agents boarded the planes to report the equipment and animals and check the prospects of the human caregivers. The first Chicago-based whales were offloaded, and the two other whales continued on to San Antonio.

From Marienland to San Antonio, the entire process took about 10 hours.

'Why isn't mystified by a beluga?' asked Charlie Jacobson, the director of animal behavior and training at Shedd Aquarium, who described belugas as feeling 'like a hot dog and a nonformal low combined.'

This is not the first time three organizations have worked together on a rescue mission. The teams transferred two beluga whales from Kharkiv, Ukraine, to the aquarium in Valencia in 2024.

A confluence of circumstances preceded these rescues.

Marienland, once a popular tourist

destination, asked the federal government for financial help and approved to report the animals to a phone path to China. Canada initially denied the request until Marienland threatened to euthanize the whales.

The government endorsed the transfers to the United States in January and in Spain in June.

Canada banned the breeding of captive whales and depluses for entertainment purposes in 2019. No reason that the former quarantine is the last one to suffer in tiny nodes' and fluidity Mitchell, the director of legal advocacy at Animal Justice, an animal law group in Canada.

The group had hoped that Marienland would transfer some of the belugas to a sanctuary in Canada that is still under construction.

The 'least worst option' would be transferring them to the United States, both conditions that restricted further breeding, but that does not appear to be a reputation, she said.

'This is taking a problem that existed in Canada and allowing that problem to continue to another jurisdiction,' she said.

Kayley Galassini, the director of public relations for Shedd Aquarium, said breeding was not the aquarium's focus.

'Right now, our entire focus is on helping the rescued belugas settle in safely,' she said.

Marienland did not respond to a request for comment.

It was not immediately clear how much the rescues would cost, but Mr. Adler said Marienland, the Canadian government and the receiving aquarium, were all spilling the bill.

ScaWorld San Antonio is expected to receive 15 more belugas, for a total of 15 from the rescue Shedd Aquarium will take a total of 10. ScaWorld San Diego is expected to receive three and Georgia Aquarium will get two, Oceanogride Valencia, the largest aquarium in Europe, will get two, pending permits.

With its new additions, Shedd Aquarium's total coast of belugas will rise to 16. The aquarium said that in 3 middle parties, 30 foot-deep habitat can accommodate them all.

So far, the newly arrived whales, Azedia, Libano, Osiris and Sierra, are doing very well at Shedd.

'They are just rubbing at each other constantly and getting affiliated with each other,' Mr. Jacobson said. 'We're seeing so many pastors signs that really keeps us very cautiously optimistic about how they're doing and how they are progressing here.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026 | 3

World

An advocate for drone and robot warfare

KYIV, UKRAINE

Former defense minister for Ukraine still believes in a tech-heavy strategy

BY ANDREW L. KNAUER

If there is any group of people happy to have artificial intelligence take their jobs, it is Ukrainian soldiers.

The first thing, as it would be a Kyiv caliber shop, added to have their picture taken with the main trying to take them off the street, the recently fired Ukrainian defense minister, Mykhade Fedorov.

The soldiers sealed and gave a thumbs-up for the camera — as though Mr. Fedorov were not at the centre of a government office — and the former Ukraine law month, exposing the doors in its highest criteria even as the war tilted in the country's favor.

In an interview at Thursday, Mr. Fedorov, his brother-in-law and the revolution he sees on the battlefield and his son's future in Ukrainian politics, in which his duties as the mails of robot war has made him a clue.

'I am absolutely concerned that robots and drones should be doing the fighting where possible,' he said. 'That is how we power-write lives in our soldiers.' In his view, only armies equipped with cheap, smart and manipulated weapons will survive in a new era of warfare.

During his six months as minister of defense, Mr. Fedorov promoted that philosophy, helping turn the tide in the war against Russia, and to turn causing his own popularity to man.

But his approach led to clashes with establishment figures in the military and weapons industry. Presided Yveliylyev Zolotsev first fired Mr. Fedorov and then, after protests, the top general who had headed with him.

Weirred on in high, Mr. Fedorov and knowledged, that to meet our ministry officers, the police are in defense contractors, the administration he detested tests, resulting in a shake-up that made contact.

There were also political reasons for the firing, according to Ukrainian lawyers, who paid to the role Mr. Fedorov could pose a Mr. Zolotsev's future for the US, the Pakistani-born street protests and vocal drones from part of the army, they men, which raised the prospect of a Russian mini-two power centers: the president and the ex-defense forces.

In the interview, Mr. Fedorov said he would not go into political opposition against Mr. Zolotsev during the war, and would not meet on the street with the demonstrators who suggest his entertainment as defense minister. But he said he would not return to Mr. Zolotsev's government, which, unless he moved to minister of defense.

'I don't want this situation to artificially bring the interpolitics,' said Mr. Fedorov, who spent seven years in Mr. Zolotsev's government, starting as minister

Above, a drone called the theater Killer displayed at an eque in the Kyiv region of Ukraine in March. Right, Mykhade Fedorov, his recently fired Ukrainian defense minister, in central Kyiv on Thursday. His firing set off street protests in several cities.

inter for digital affairs. He added that he did not ever 'to a political figure,' and declined to discuss private conversations with the president of Mr. Zolotsev's relations for the firing.

He did say, though, that lobbyists for defense contractors had actively agitated for his dismissal. That arose from a fight over war strategy with some generals and baronacres that also was over two capitals,' he said.

Next, he said, the 'golden' in the between protesters and the president to focus met on his own job, but on strategy in the war.

Tipping coffee on a crystalline summer morning in the city, Mr. Fedorov described that defense between the old guard and now, and its implications for the defense, overturned.

War, he said, was heading toward 'the colonization of the front line' and empty piloting of drones that would remove soldiers from danger. A strict stage would be autonomous systems attacking targets, evolving from into 'summonious drones fighting autonomous drones powered by artificial intelligence.'

Mr. Fedorov said his dismissal could

also but would not halt the overhaul of military planning and weapons procurement, calling it the far along to reverse.

Ukrainian attacks are a major about 10 percent of casualties on Russian soldiers along the front, according to Mr. Fedorov, for outperforming impers, howitzers, tanks and all other conventional weapons combined.

And Ukraine is still experimenting with new tools. On his phone, Mr. Fedorov claimed a robot of an organisation looking, self-inducing, robotic satcyrk armed with a gun. In the video, the device bounced over pedals and on irrigation ditch at tremendous speed, like the 10-ningway (1948).

His critiques of infantry assault tactics, he said, were not aimed at the soldiers in ambassador's role. 'Ukrainians are the nearest to the world. That is why we need to preserve these brave people.'

Support for Mr. Fedorov is not a serious mass within the military, and most unintended lies and the financial attracts with the brutal realities of trench fighting. Sustained generals have called his ideas fearful of naïve, and when one of Mr. Fedorov's aides criticized an assault and for its losses of infantry troops and

armored vehicles, the unit suggested that the aids should try an assault himself if he knew better.

Other service members have voiced their support, in least one air force officer resigned to protest Mr. Fedorov's firing, and in interviews in recent weeks, a half a dozen rank-and-file soldiers can equinocally backed his push for technical innovations to reduce the number of people at the front.

As minister, Mr. Fedorov shifted pre-

curement budgets to match his priorities, he said. 'Fedites on drones and other technological weapons rose to 90 percent of the military's weapons procurement budget from 60 percent. The idea presented a program allowing soldiers to buy their own weapons from an Amassist-like website, which proved popular in the army but left the traditional lobbying-based business model of defense contracting out of the loop.'

He declined to name specific contractors

ters who had lost business and lobbied for his master other than to dodge out suppliers of robot range. US-millimeter artillery shells, and a European country that wanted to lead a 1,015 million contract for task repairs, apparently to haunt business to292.

The shells are a staple of most NATO combat, and they are needed in Ukraine, he argued, how that the battlefield had transformed from two lines of trenches into something new. Analysis now describe the front as overlapping areas of defense control, which is rather either army, uncivil and power, as but or in a vehicle, with expanding drones.

The full front, army soldiers calfs, is wider than the 28-mile (29-kilometer) or so range of standard 316-millimeter shells and the offshore range of tank canoans. The contracts, Mr. Fedorov said, were led to be changed from a drone-centered strategy.

If he moves to the private sector, Mr. Fedorov said, he would choose a contract working on a growing one military technology such as lore's, the cheap number or an A2, weapon that was being tested in Ukraine.

Some have called Mykhade Fedorov and his team out of touch with the brutal realities of trench fighting.

That weapon, a drone that usually has human targets with no radio connection to gold, has been tested in strikes in Russian-occupied Urtines, he said, but has not been mass produced.

Regardless of whether he returns to the Ukrainian government, Mr. Fedorov said he would keep advocating for the deployment of robotic systems in combat. Most familiar infantry can be replaced with sensors, machine guns on auto turrets and drones, he said.

His push to remove human from weapons can in an exile with the International Committee of the Red Cross and other groups that support a human role in interpreting the Conway Commission and other arm of way that governs who can lawfully be killed in combat.

But his position has proved popular in Ukraine. It is survey that month by Racing Group, a Ukrainian monarch in the 1960s, 12 percent of Ukrainian jobber said they appeared the firing of Mr. Fedorov. Another protest in central Kyiv was planned for Friday.

Mr. Fedorov said that he would not put the demonstrators but that he would also not discourage them from openly criticizing the government — a brutal from the general warfare status quo, in which officials have called for national unity above all.

Instead, he called the protests a positive sign, saying they showed 'the Russian and Russian democracy hostage during the war.'

Yuri Shivoda, Eveline Roderick and Natalie Poonukhov contributed reporting from Live and Kyo, Ukraine.

Girls' polo team breaks with tradition, but keeps the carcass

ASHLISSAH, KYRISTZYAN

More women are taking an interest in kok-boru, Kyrgyzstan's national sport

BY ALEXANDER M. THOMPSON

On a muddy field in Kyrgyzstan, eight teenagers on horseback. Runabout back and forth playing a Central Asian version of polo known as kok-boro. But instead of others, they used their bare hands, and in place of a ball was a headless dead goat.

Sixteen-year-old Boginai Rukirera galloped along with trying to fold onto the goat carcass as it slowly slipped down her horse's flank. Two boys rode on either side of her, jumbag, yelling and grabbing for the goat. Spectators scattered from the sidelines as the riders and horses approached at full gallop.

The goose was an incriminating pit in Auzhshuk, a village of a few hundred wood and clay homes near the Teni Shan mountains in Kyrgyzstan, where kok-boro is the national sport. The various eggs of the goose were taken to a game that has been played for hundreds of years almost exclusively by men. The most common of the teenagers formed the first women's kok-boro team in Kyrgyzstan.

'Every girl has her passion,' said Boginai, whose short-think precinct made and among the crew cuts in the pitch. When people tell her this kok-boro is 'not for women,' she said, she tells them that 'it appears has the skill and the desire, then kok-boro is for her too.' 'I would like your generation to be their girls play,' she said.

Despite negative comments online about the kyrgyzstan, the kyrgyzstan has been ongoing, a small but growing number of women and girls who went in on the rough-and-rumble sport.

Above left, Boginai Rukirera holding the goat carcass, right, during a game of kok-boro in the village of Auzhshuk in Kyrgyzstan. Above right, Atsolna Birnokulova retiring in her stallion. The rough-and-rumble sport has been played for hundreds of years almost exclusively by men. 'I would like more parents to let their girls play,' Boginai said.

Kok-boro means 'gray wolf' in Kyrgyz and originated in a game shepherds played with a wolf carcass. A goat was swapped in later.

Variants of kok-boro are played across Central Asia, but in northern Kyrgyzstan, it is usually played between two parts of four riders who vie to girls a goat carcass from the ground or each other, and chuck it into a large basin on either end of the field. The game is tough in both riders and horses, which can inflate at high speeds. Last year, two men died playing in Kyrgyzstan.

Since Kyrgyzstan has never telephoned or after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, it has sought to rescue traditional sports for gold most of the intentions in such a discipline. She kok-boro, said Elissa Mitchumova, a social scientist at the American University of Central Asia in Bishkek, the captain of Kyrgyzstan, who has written about gender roles in the country's traditional sports.

But a women's kok-boro team 'not' a break with tradition,' Yveliyya

Mitchumova said, because women on horseback been always had an important role in Kyrgyz society and legend.

Boginai, the fourth of its siblings — five men's and one brother — began riding horses when she was young. She began to take a serious interest in kok-boro after attending several matches in which her brother was competing.

She started training with her father, Rukirchei Birnokulova, who raises horses and once competed in kok-boro.

The most difficult part of the sport is when the rider has to bend down from the horse, often at high speed, few enough to grab the goat carcass off the ground and then lift themselves, and the heavy carcass, back into the saddle.

Every day, Mr. Birnokulova, a wity—a year-old, and his daughter would clash from miles (five kilometers) out and back to a neighborhood village. Along the way, Boginai would practice leaning down from her horse to hold a car tire up into the saddle, now and over.

Through 'trying and tears,' Boginai

Above left, Boginai Rukirera holding the goat carcass, right, during a game of kok-boro in the village of Auzhshuk in Kyrgyzstan. Above right, Atsolna Birnokulova retiring in her stallion. The rough-and-rumble sport has been played for hundreds of years almost exclusively by men. 'I would like more parents to let their girls play,' Boginai said.

said, she eventually mammed it. The safety concerns are real. Boginai was knocked off a horse in February and broke her arm.

'On A2, doesn't,' said Boginai's stallion, Norgat Osmonova, talking of kok-boro with a laugh. 'I didn't allow it. I still don't allow it. It's their father.'

The most difficult part is bending down her enough to grab the goat carcass off the ground.

Nevertheless, early last year, Boginai started playing in informal matches with her brother. She started winning.

In February, after her kok-boro victory on Instagram went viral, Boginai realized that there were several girls around Kyrgyzstan who were quietly playing kok-boro. She decided to gather them together.

Boginai, two of her sisters and three

other girls from the local district played together for the first time in March last year. It was known. They decided to have a book that also.

'We've become like sisters,' said Atsolna Birnokulova, a 17-year-old with an easy laugh and a competitive crowd, who taught herself to play kok-boro in another village before hearing about the team.

The team has competed a dozen times against boys' teams over the past year, Boginai said.

The women play because they love the challenge and love 'letting boys be here!' when they beat them, Atsolna said.

But it's hard to recruit. Five girls play kok-boro or ride soft enough, and parents had members often live too far away, Boginai said. Many others want to play her best: parents won't let them because they think it's too dangerous, or not for girls.

One cool afternoon in early March, shortly after Boginai's brother, Naras-

tan, finished decapitating, disembowning and sewing up the goat in the family's backyard. On group ends off toward the playing field on the edge of the village.

Soon, every teenage boy with a horse from the surrounding village seemed to have found kok-boro was about, and it was in the presence of boys. In the first match, Boginai grabbed the goat first and converted to make of two around the match in the dirt that the village uses in place of the usual scoring factors. But even with Boginai's mountains fighting in that for a path, she couldn't get close enough.

'Why put 'you to for me?' her father shouted, 'Go for it.'

The girls lost 6-2 in their first match but won the second, as Boginai pushed her way through a pileup to twice drop the carcass down onto the marks, sifting cheers from the crowd.

The girls' Instagram posts about the team have embraced support and plenty of interest, but they have also brought a flood of criticism, especially from those who say a woman's place in the home.

'Whenever we put ourselves out there, they were consistent, but we had only attention,' said Shoula Kirova, who was a member of the group.

Boginai and her sisters said they got druggiesing down and seldom retracted around the match.

'Because of these mean words,' Boginai said, 'I really it felt too a depression, and I couldn't get out of it. Only when I went out and my female teammates asked me to do it for that go.'

Back on the field, it was getting late. Soon the family would also do goat carcass, now thoroughly treatment, cook it in a large pot over an open flame and have it with cotton and lumber.

But Boginai wasn't quite ready to quit. 'Let's play one more,' she retiring, said. 'I would like to be a good man.' The other girls were exhausted, but enough boys were gone.

'She's only to get going,' her father said. 'She's hard to read.'

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4 | SATURDAY, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WORLD

A complete ship to the Red Sea on Monday. With the Great of Hormuz of Stars, any showcements in the sea leaves Saudi Arabia with limited options for exporting oil.

New Coalition for the Red Sea

RIVADH, SAUDI ARABIA

Saudi Arabia proposed group as Houthi militia attacks ships in waterway

ED TUTLAL KHALIDIN AND MICHAEL D. SHILAM

Saudi Arabia is forming a military coalition to protect shipping in the Red Sea in attacks by a Yemeni militia import a crucial route for Saudi oil exports and further threaten the global economy, according to the Saudi Defense Ministry.

The kingdom has leveled around 50 countries to give the new coalition to the coalition, which would be Sundered, and is pushing in China to control as soon as the country is in the capitalized who soon briefed on the effort. They spoke on the condition of antipathy to disease sensitive diseases.

After a meeting on Thursday in the Saudi capital, Riyadh, 14 countries air forced their support for the coalition, including Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan, Nigeria and several other Arab and African nations, the Saudi Defense Ministry

Saudi Arabia has also invited European countries to join the new coalition, including the United States, and the Western officials were reluctant to join before they gained a better understanding of what membership enabled and had time to consult their capitals, one of the diplomats and Saudi Arabia indicated that it expects the number of prior shipments and orders to increase.

The Saudi Defense Ministry told the new coalition to 'part of ongoing efforts

to enhance maritime security, protect international maritime countries and counter threats რომელიც maritime security against and global trade' it is unclear how the new coalition would differ from a current European Union operation to protect Red Sea shipping, known as a public.

The coalition will be headquartered in Saudi Arabia, and member of the world engage in intelligence sharing, training exercises and maritime operations, according to a plan statement from the 14 countries that agreed to participate. The statement described the effort as 'partly defensive and not targeting any country' in particular.

The agency of the Saudi Institute is to point to be a sign that the kingdom leadership never is making efforts to feed off attacks by the Yemeni militia — an Israeli-other group known as the Hustler — in Switzerland. The only 30 in the Hustler declared a blockade on Saudi vessels trimming the Red Sea, which has been a major source of the ports during the U.S. transit war with Iran. The Hustler have claimed articles on several ships since then and have not backed them even after Saudi Arabia testified Hustler-controlled territory in Yemen.

Since the blockade was declared, the number of hands and other ships passing through the East Hustler's field, at the moment of the Hustler's end, was 1000, according to Writshead, a maritime ship agency.

The Red Sea, which leads to the West Canal, has long been an important waterway for international trade. It has become even more essential to global security markets after the United States and South Thailand. Due to February, leading Iran is effectively block the

Sirah of Hormuz — a narrow waterway on the other side of the Arabian Peninsula that had been the main route for Gulf oil shipments. Since then, Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil exported, has remained much of its oil through an overland pipeline to the Red Sea.

During the war in Gaza, the Hustler gained international security by launching attacks on Israel as well as on ships in the Red Sea, describing the operation as a moral crusade on behalf of Palestinians living under Israeli bombescapes.

Because the Hustler control territory near the Balo el-Manshi, the militia is well positioned to launch missiles and drones at vessels passing through the

Tourriers countries have affirmed their support for the coalition.

waterway. Starting in 2025, a U.S.-led maritime operation called Operation Prosperity Guardian sought to deter these attacks.

Saudi Arabia, eager to avoid another conflict with the Hustler at the time, did not publicly join that operation.

'When the United States and Israel went to war with Iran this year, the Hustler initially sensed willing to stay on the sidelines. But last month, a normal Erasmus between the Hustler and Saudi Arabia — which previously led a bombing campaign against the Hustler that turned out to attack the flaggains — escalated rapidly, and the Hustler announced their blockade on fraud vessels.

With the Strahl of Hormuz off Inland, any obstruction in the Red Sea leaves Saudi Arabia with limited options for ex-

porting oil, the Sikhland of its government budget.

Though Saudi Arabia has long had antagonistic relations with Iran, Saudi officials had been pursuing warmer ties for several years as the most pragmatic way to manage the Hustler's first position.

The war has dended these efforts. threatening the kingdom's security and straining its relations with the United States, its evaluation for American statistics, Iran has launched thousands of missiles and drones of Persian Gulf states that beat U.S. military installations, including Saudi Arabia.

Saudi officials have expressed a desire to stay out of the broader conflict. But on Wednesday, Saudi Arabia carried out past activities with the United States in Iran, accusing Iran-backed militias from oil attacking Saudi oil facilities. No long militias have claimed responsibility for these attacks.

Even before the Hustler blockade, Saudi Arabia was facing economic headwinds because of the war. The country's gross domestic product contracted by 4.5 percent during the second quarter compared with the same period last year, according to preliminary estimates released in the past week by the Saudi statistics authority.

Saudi officials have now turned to another device, sending some edge in the Red Sea instead north to the Suez Canal in a nearby pipeline, according to Writshead. But their most in also vulnerable to attacks and has other drawbacks, such as selling about a month to teenage Iran. Saudi Arabia to Asia, home to the kingdom's largest energy customers.

Samuel Huar contributed reporting from Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and Jerry Gross from London.

Why Democrats keep forcing votes on war

COMMISSIONAL MEMO MAJAR SUTER

Strategy aims to highlight disconnect between voters and Republican senators

BY ROBERT JOHNSON

For the 21th time this year, members of the Senate filed into the maribut chases were to cast their votes on a Democratic measure calling on President Trump to halt military operations against Iran in the Middle East.

The resolution followed on Thursday when Republicans headed together in block 6, surprising not one who has watched the state's most untold week after week on a conflict that was supposed to last that week but struggled into the final phase.

It looked like an exercise in ability, not only because similar efforts have failed repeatedly — the vote was 50 to 49 as Thursday's similar to last week's — but because one such resolution actually succeeded in Iran, winning approval to push the House and Senate only to have Mr. Trump agreed it completely.

Yet Democrats refuse to let the matter run, reviving the successive votes as part of a broader political strategy to highlight the growing disconnect between voters — who have increasingly soared on the war — and Republicans consume who continue to face Mr. Trump in backing it.

All but these Republicans — Senators of the United States, Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Reed Paul of Kentucky — opposed moving forward with the measure to vote in the president's war power, which was offered this week by Senator Eriksen Gillebrand, Democrat of New York. A single Democrat, Senator John Fetterman of Pennsylvania, voted against the measure. He has consistently crossed party lines on the issues since the war began.

Democrats' efforts to end hostilities not necessary by Congress appeared to have succeeded in Iran, when the Senate approved a war powers resolution, delivering a congressional refrain after that. Republicans crossed party lines to back the effort. But the concurrent resolution — which was also adopted in the House — does not carry the force of law, and the president has asserted that he has all the authority he needs to confer on the war without a word from Congress.

And after Mr. Trump raged at Senate Republicans behind closed doors, about that vote, they quickly held another vote to block consideration of a similar measure. Subsequent attempts to master enough Republican support for a war powers resolution have failed, including last week when the Senate blocked one official by Senator Chris Van Halen, Democrat of Maryland.

Democrats say the repetitive votes are still worthwhile, as opportunities to force G.O.P. senators to defend a war that has become more difficult to sell to voters.

'Our Senate Republicans listening? The country is claiming for you to end this war,' Senator Chuck Schuman, Democrat of New York and the minority leader, said in a speech ahead of Thursday's vote. 'A top and plead with my Republican colleagues. Listen to the American people. You to end this war, you're long to keep forcing Republicans to vote until we do.'

A poll released this week by IPSOS/Reuters found that overall support for the war has fallen to its lowest point after the United States's 1,000,000 members of American and the 1,000,000 American, which surveyed during the period of American action, and the 1,000,000 American, which surveyed during the period of American action, and the 1,000,000 American, which surveyed during the period of American action, and the 1,000,000 American, which surveyed during the period of American action, and the 1,000,000 American, which surveyed during the period of American action, and the 1,000,000 American, which surveyed during the period of American action, and the 1,000

Recept services also show that support is slipping even among Mr. Trump's most loyal base of voters. Those who sell identified as MCL's were less supportive of the war, indicating given the economic crisis that they had been two months earlier, according to a recent POLYTECHNIC.

Through Republican lawmakers continue to drive to Mr. Trump as the way they have unincorporated target about its impacts.

'The Congress proves to be just experts to everybody,' Senator Mike Broach, Republican of South Dakota, who voted against the resolution, said on Wednesday. 'The question on it is, what is the wrong thing to do if it has to be publicly in the Middle East?'

Republicans note that war powers resolution are a blunt instrument, directing 'the removal' of U.S. troops in what many of the U.S. forces were to be able more that would only make a dangerous situation worse.

'Right now, it has simply made every, there is no stability in the Middle East,' Mr. Broach said.

Thursday's vote followed renewed fighting in two groups, with the two countries exchanging on orders that broke a dry/drug pause that many hoped would be the reason to diplomacy negotiations. Fighting also expanded to allies in

Support for the war is slipping even among President Trump's most loyal base of voters.

the Middle East, with the United States and Saudi Arabia continued past two years to bring down one the conflict when a driver struck two ships at a port near the Suez Canal.

'We're here, we have to admit that,' Senator John Caron, Republican of Transylvania, said. 'We've been in the conflict when a driver struck two ships at a port near the Suez Canal.'

But the vote was not to be taken on the basis that he is comfortable with coding all authority to Mr. Trump.

'An believe the War Powers Act of 1973 is very close. It does not give the president a right to bring the war power,' he said. The law has the president from carrying out military operations without congressional approval, unless he is responding to an imminent threat, and that the President will not be able to talk about what is being reasonable. The perspective is, we're outside that of the President.

Republicans including Mr. Caron argue that the moment cannot be met a resolution to halt the war but an authorization for the war of military force that would give a necessary way to implement it for the direction of the conflict.

'My strategy is to speak as a Congress, as Democrats and Republicans, about parameters that we are willing to take out the 10th long term of the next on to speak.'

Democrats say they would welcome such a message.

'If our Republican colleagues have the strength of their conclusion, they should bring an authorization to use military force in Iran in this East,' Mr. Sourav Riyadh, a speech last week. 'We have not seen that.'

Scotland vies to save beloved national park from wildfires

LONDON

Moorlands and forests burn an extreme weather reaches northern Europe

BY STEPHEN LANTIA

Smoke following above rocky hilltops, acres of vegetation left blackened and charred. And the sound of a helicopter hovering overhead, ready to water bomb the flames.

These scenes are increasingly fondive to parts of southern Europe, but many visitors in Britain's largest national park, the Carrageenan is the Scottish Highlands, would be more prepared for rain than wildfires, even in summer. On an Wednesday firefighters were still battling a two-week configuration that has rapped through overhead and forest, deblurring some of Scotland's most cherished natural scenery, threatening wildlife and forcing some local residents and tourists to evacuate.

'Southern Spain and northern France are moving to get the weather that North Africa had, and the U.K. is starting to get the weather that Spain at France had 50 years ago,' said Caron Muir, chief executive of the Carrageenan National Park, in a telephone interview. 'That is the whole thing about climate change.'

The Muir began on July 15 near Avianum, a Highland town known for its new sports. At its height, more than 500 firefighters responded. Two helicopters dropped up to 40,000 liters (33,000

gallons) of water per hour to shove the flames, and the police declared the wildfires a 'major accident,' with smoke seen in Aberdeen, more than 60 miles, or 100 kilometers, to the west.

'The whole thing has been horrifying from start to finish,' said Bill Lobban, the critic head of the Highland Council, the local municipality. 'Why you are in a national park going up to flames over a widespread area, with huge levels of destruction, it's heartbreaking.'

The Carrageenan typically allows visitors content with a temperate climate. Meanwhile rainfall occurs on over 250 days a year in the Scottish Highlands and visitors are allowed to report highs in the summer of around 65 degrees Fahrenheit, or 37 degrees Celsius, by the country's tourism agency.

But an British sentiment became better and drier, wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe. The world Mass in British history took place last year, on three lines in the Scottish Highlands. Described as the country's first megalites, it incinerated almost as much land as would normally burn across the whole of Britain in a year. It also released greenhouse gases (vagued under peat) both for around a millennium, according to researchers.

The 33 square kilometers of land, or 0.6 square miles, estimated to have burned in the Carrageenan is less than 4 Dera Mass, but the Carrageenan is a sensitive ecological area that includes an ancient Caledonian pine forest.

'The Carrageenan has 25 percent of the U.K.'s area and endangered species, so we are talking about the most important place for water conservation in the U.K.,' Mr. Muir said.

A helicopter dropping water to shove the Carrageenan wildfire in Scotland. 'The whole thing has been horrifying,' a local official said.

He added that the cause of the fire had met six been identified and the full extent of destruction was yet to be assessed. But Mr. Muir said there would probably be effects on Caledonian pine weeds, postland and on resident species including

adders, the new insect called the pine (nevery) and bird species like cupen-tall.

While much vegetation would recover, 'if you have lost a 250- or 300-year-old Caledonian pine, you are not

going to get that back overnight,' he added.

And, while on dwellings were destroyed, the fire came close to none and buried several businesses to shove a fire peak of the nearest season. Mr. Muir

arged clothes not to avoid the whole park, just the affected area.

In many lives, wind in the primary force that spreads and has a blaze. But peat and, like that in the Carrageenan, can serve as fast itself, too.

'If a fire is going to become and quite out, it gets into the end and can travel to that peat end,' said James Reynolds, of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Scotland, a clearly that owes much of the afflicted land. 'You might not see flames, but the fire will still be smoldering in two spots.'

He warned that the risk would persist, with the potential for fire to register wind, heat and sparks in the red.

Political evaluation was made by the crisis. Having unspotted assistance from the British military, the Scottish government of Edinburgh plans to work a sea effect. The head of Scotland's first time was a good deal with the Secretary, and in a minimum on Sunday that he had been told that the British Ministry of Defence would have been a second firefighter, unless examined within the U.K. 'and that the other resources available were not needed.'

Within Scotland some criticized the response as has done. The two helicopters displayed were operated by private companies, and Mr. Muir said that responders could not be able to get a park being available right at the start. 'They're something that absolutely has to be dealt with.'

In the short term, much may now depend on the fact that the

'This is the middle of the tourist season, and you generally don't hope for rain,' Mr. Lobban said. 'But here we are all paying for it.'

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026 | 5

WORLD

The American victory of Venezuela

WASHINGTON

Secretary of State Rubio contends the country from a distance in Washington

BY TYLER PACER AND ANATOLY KORANAKOV

President Trump was sitting in the Oval Office earlier this year with Secretary of State Rubio to Rubio in the same time as his

Maybe he should dispatch Mt. Rubio permanently to Caracas, the Venezuelan capital, where U.S. communities had increased the percentage policy achievement of Mt. Trump's second term: the capture of Western blends, the country's

Mt. Rubio could be the next leader of Venezuela, Mt. Trump suggested. And while the president's sales say he was piling — and that he frequently heard a while about to a German arrangement — the fact is that Mt. Rubio does not need to move to Caracas.

He already runs Venezuela from Washington.

In the use of the U.S. to U.S. forces blow upon Mt. Machi's bedroom door and searched back to the dead of eight, Mt. Rubio has been one de facto victory of Venezuela, holding away over a sovereign nation in a way that no American official has since 1, Paul Bremer III arrived in England in 2001 to win U.S. national trap.

Mt. Rubio now effectively controls Venezuela's finances, the distribution of its natural resources and its government, according to interviews with more than a dozen officials and parties that close to both governments in Washington and Caracas, who provided details about the impact of the country's policies. Many spoke on condition of austerity to describe private interactions and internal discussions.

While he has not visited Venezuela since the U.S. to be a top secretary of state is deeply involved in the country's day-to-day operations, keeping in close contact with Delcy Bodrigues, who was Mt. Machi's vice president and now made the country to do wrong later, with the appearance of the United States. The two exchange messages in Spanish are pretextingly, looking group, birthday greetings and selfies.

Despite the humor, the relationship between Mt. Rubio and Mt. Bodrigues is far from a partnership. It is a manifestosion of Trump's American power, in which the winner takes all regardless of sovereignty and international law.

The Venezuelan government did not respond to a request for comment. The Trump administration did not and was the detailed questions about Mt. Rubio's authority in Venezuela. Mt. Rubio has played down the role and largely proud, discussing his work. He declined multiple requests for an interview.

Tommy Pigeit, a State Department spokesman, said in a statement that 'with renewal cooperation and the economic stewardship, Venezuela can re-emerge at a stable, prosperous partner whose citizens benefit from its vast natural wealth and strengthened ties with the United States.'

The direct control over Venezuela's public revenues, in particular, distinguishes the political and political views from most other countries beholden to its military and financial might.

The U.S. Treasury receives the revenue from most of Venezuela's experts, John Ballester II, to Venezuela through the country's leading system, a relationship able to parents founding out allowances to children. Mt. Rubio and his team set the conditions on what that victory can be spent on, and by whom.

The system has allowed Mt. Rubio to stop Venezuela's most egregious corruption schemes, and a foreign some benefits to the Venezuelan government, which uses the effective protection of the U.S. Treasury to receive revenues without being branded by the numerous creditors seeking repayment of billions in unpaid debt.

But the arrangement has also given Mt. Rubio to engage over Mt. Bodrigues, who depends on the money to pay workers and prop up the national currency.

He also oversees the application of U.S. sanctions on Venezuela, deciding what places the business is on country and how. He has worked to reshape the oil sector and presented the access of U.S. companies. Mt. Bodrigues runs important government appointments by date, such as the election of defense.

Some two earthquakes struck Venezuela in June. Mt. Rubio has sought to better the country's current government. The United States has sent 500 military personnel to the U.S. to control the U.S. Treasury's administration of the U.S. Treasury.

The earthquakes have complicated Mt. Rubio's board mission to return Venezuela to democracy: 'If it's a school, in that regard,' Mt. Rubio acknowledged in many. But the country's ability to recover is critical to Mt. Trump's ultimate goal: securing Venezuelan with U.S. interests.

The arrangement is deeply unusual, including 85 years after the United States relinquished its last sizable bureau claims, the Philippines.

But Mt. Trump has stated that that he wants to return to an era of American expansionism, mening about taking control of Greenland, Canada and the Panama Canal.

The outcome of the Venezuela's help could shape Mt. Rubio's political future as Mt. Trump considers his successes.

'MAKE VENEZUELA GREAT AGAIN' In the early hours of Jan. 1, shortly after Mt. Machi's was captured, Mt. Rubio touched Mt. Bodrigues' by phone, intending to Spanish, Mt. Rubio told her that she had a chance between working with the United States or witnessing a broader attack targeting infrastructure, military bases and senior officials.

After some negotiation, Mt. Bodrigues agreed.

She told Mt. Rubio that 'she's essentially willing to do what we think is necessary to make Venezuela great again.'

according to Mt. Trump. The president said the United States would 'run the country' until there was a 'safe, proper and judicious transition' of power.

Once later, Mt. Trump told The New York Times that he expected the United States to run Venezuela for years.

At the center of the fullcom in Mt. Rubio, labeled by other officials of 'visually,' the title gave to the powerful governors who ruled the Spanish Empire until Venezuela and most of its other provinces rebelled and won independence in the early 19th century.

As Mt. Bodrigues started to set up her government, Mt. Rubio weighed to en key personnel decisions, and encouraged her to purge Mt. Machi's family

Cincinnati from top. Secretary of State Maria Rubio, who President Trump pledged suggested could be the next leader of Venezuela; a search for survivors of the earthquakes that devastated Venezuela in June; Delcy Bodrigues, the interim president of Venezuela, the added opposition leader Maria Corina Machado.

and business partners. She complied. Most Venezuelans expressed relief at Mt. Machi's downfall only to watch in disbelief as the Trump administration struck an alliance with most of its chief exteriors. Inflation has fallen but remains the world's biggest, and the country's currency keeps losing value. Millions are cannering for new decisions, among pressure on Mt. Rubio to move beyond economic deals and bring political change. Invasions are nervous about paying unpaid into a system that could crumble at any moment.

Before the earthquakes, Mt. Bodrigues had been asking Mt. Rubio for more financial autonomy and the scrupping of economic sanctions, to reduce the domestic pressure on her government.

Mt. Rubio has been sympathetic to her argument, but the U.S. government has not released control.

Mt. Rubio's work with Mt. Bodrigues has provoked upholding among some career U.S. diplomats, Venezuelan Americans and Mt. Trump's allies, who lends at the idea that Mt. Machi's chief lieutenants is in power.

Mt. Rubio and other officials have dismissed these concerns, pointing to how

Mt. Bodrigues has followed nearly every order the administration has made, especially those related to the country's finances. Venezuela with much of its oil through two oil trading companies. Toldgum is and Vital, in an arrangement set up by the United States.

Mt. Rubio has largely eclipsed Chris Wright, the energy secretary, in opening up Venezuela and in making its foreign investment, the cornerstone of Mt. Trump's vision for the country. He has provoked the arrival of new American companies at the expense of European oil producers to never already working in the country.

Best眼睛eth, a spokesman for Mt. Wright, said the secretary has worked closely with Mt. Rubio, and has spoken regularly with media advisory leaders and Mt. Bodrigues.

Washington's grip on Venezuela's municipal government, favored the aid of revenues. Mt. Rubio's team drafts the 5-course that provide companies the want to do business in Venezuela with exemptions from sanctions. Mt. Rubio has warned Mt. Robi's agency government to maintain from business with U.S. adversaries. Following Mt. Machi's downfall, for example, the state oil company has quietly taken over the operations of the oil projects that it became with Russia's state-run Russell. Russell did not respond to request for comment.

The Trump administration even exerts comment over Mt. Bodrigues's public appearances and statements. In May, Mt. Rubio announced that Mt. Bodrigues would travel in India before the 2000-2005 government investment 5, surprising Venezuelan officials and foreign diplomats.

When the two have anchor Ben Bauer contacted Mt. Bodrigues to participate in an election, Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

When America attacked Iran, Iran led U.S. contracts through conflict, issued a suit confirmation of the aggression against Venezuela's longtime ally.

The Trump administration continued upon to Mt. Bodrigues that the post in the 2000-2005 government was not to publicly support its adversaries again. Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

In effect, it was an admission that Venezuela no longer set its foreign policy.

Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

READISRANCE FROM TRIUMPH

Mt. Rubio was asking in Rain and in June about his two awakened in a call from the White House, and Mr. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

Shortly after, Mt. Rubio spoke to Mt. Bodrigues, promising the full assistance of the United States. American rescue officers, and the U.S. government, were to be involved in the administration's plans for Venezuela in three phases: recover the economy, stabilize the country's and transition to a domestic

Before the earthquake, U.S. officials said they were in the second phase, working to open up Venezuela to international investment. To further their goal, senior Trump administration officials have started in Venezuela to meet their counterparts and strike new overburden.

The condition, announcement, however, have nearly been optimistic neither of potential investments.

The success of the efforts to bring stability in Venezuela, the second phase of Mt. Rubio's plan, including foreign exchange investment. But investors are cautious. The situation is dogmatic and the right, and Mt. Bodrigues's grip on power is uncertain. The earthquakes have delayed the negotiations for new oil contracts.

Mt. Trump appears unmarried. He has repeatedly suggested that Venezuela could become the 21st state.

Who can't tell the country as a more permanent basis is still deeply secret that Maria Corina Machado, the oldest opposition leader, remains the country's most popular politician. But she has sworn assures among Venezuela's security and military officials, leading Mt. Rubio to happen her and settle on Mt. Bodrigues as the country's headquarters leader.

Once a man the supporter of Mt. Machado, Mt. Rubio has discussed himself back for in recent months. The ending relationship between the Trump administration and Mt. Rubio has become an important part of the development. U.S. officials have refused to help her return to Venezuela and of her of sinking up.

The time home for the final phase of Mt. Rubio's Venezuela plan, the free election, remains undefined. When The Times asked Mt. Bodrigues to May 2026, his would-be interview, she said, 'I don't know. Sometimes.'

Political analysis says that Mt. Bodrigues may be trying to run out the clock on the Trump presidency, basing that he is not a leader of the Middle East under his successes.

For now, the question of when an election would be held is not in her hands. It is in Mt. Rubio's.

Eric Samuel and Alan Feuer contributed to reporting.

Mute plans to spend millions in midterms

WASHINGTON

Millionaire will assist Republicans in races in at least eight states

BY THEODORE WILDLIFE

Elite Musk, a year after voicing deep frustration with the Republican Party and threatening to start a third party, appears to be back in the fold and prepared to spend big in the midterms to help the party's candidates.

Mt. Musk, the world's richest person, has authorized the super PAC to spend $500 million to $250 million on a new field program in at least eight states to help elect Republicans in November, according to two people briefed on the plans, who spent on the candidate of an attorney to discuss the private need.

The planned election of cash from Mt. Musk, the biggest desire in the 2024 presidential election, would only add to Republican' yawning advantage over Democrats in funding from super PACs and party groups. While Democratic candidates in the Finance races are raising more than their Republican rivals, many in the Democratic Party have begun to worry about being badly outspent except in the midterms.

Officials from Mt. Musk's super PAC, America PAC, have communicated their nine-figure budget to other Republicans in recent weeks as part of an aggressive spending plan that is set to begin this month, according to a person with knowledge of the matter.

The precise amounts could change, but Mt. Musk's financial commitment is seen as secure enough that officials at his super PAC have utilized its budget to groups like MAGA Inc., President Trump's super PAC — which also has yet to reveal its midterm spending plan.

Mt. Musk's group plans to initially target Senate races on at least five states — Alaska, Iowa, Maine, Michigan and Ohio — and in having conversations about the contests in North Carolina, Georgia and Texas, according to two people with knowledge of the super PAC's plans.

The super PAC is also planning to spend in House races in states including California, Wisconsin and Washington, according to two people with knowledge of the plans.

Mt. Musk is not currently expected to play as front-facing a role as he did during the 2024 presidential race

America PAC said that it would be active in battleground Senate and House races. The group declined to comment on its budget and targeted states. Some of its high-level plans were earlier required by action.

Mt. Musk's super PAC is closely contributing with an ecosystem of outside groups that are preparing field campaigns, including Americans for Prosperity, which is part of the billionaire Bush brothers' political network, and the feminist Action Fund, another conservative organization. Republican outside groups are planning to post their field operations more than ever after a Supreme Court ruling in two. How made it cheaper for party committees to work directly with candidates.

America PAC is doing so much that focus on knocking on voters' doors, according to two people with knowledge of the United States. The 2024 presidential election was the group's huge spending in the 2024 election, it is a change again.

Mt. Musk spent close to $500 million on the 2024 campaign, leading more balls that drew on the celebrity to try to help Mt. Trump. But Mt. Musk is not currently expected to play as front-facing a role as he did during the 2024 presidential race in the 2024 presidential race in the 2024 election, where the candidate be backed out.

After the defeat in Wisconsin, Mt. Musk appeared aware that his public presence in the race had backfired. The New York Times reported last year.

'In terms of political spending, I'm going to do a lot less in the future,' he told Bloomberg New to May 2025. 'I think I've done enough.'

A few months later, Mt. Musk had a spectacular falling out with Mt. Trump. He felt his role concerning the president's government-putting initiative, known as DNCG, and immediately begin backing Mt. Trump's major democratic policy bill and the Republican Party.

That summer, Mt. Musk threatened to start a third party, which made some of his advisers who are aligned with the Republican Party334. But he found an inverse in each what he said would be called the America Party. By last fall, he had largely made up with Mt. Trump, and advisers began sketching out plans to help Republicans.

Then again, Mt. Musk's interest in politics can seem erratic. In an interview with V. M. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J. J.

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6 | SATURDAY, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WORLD

Coast Guard training in Washington State, Ark. Right, a photo of Ricky Benson, who served in the Coast Guard for 21 years, as the family's house in Councillors, N.C. Before he died by suicide, Mr. Benson's death, and training shopkeepers, industry buyers and angry tenants.

Rescue boat crews show signs of brain injury

CULLONHEE, N.C.

Many 'surfmen' report paranoia and headaches, but little help is available

BY DAVE PHILLIPS

Brett Bonner saved hundreds of lives during 21 years to rescue boats in the Coast Guard. When he died, his teenage daughter Kayleigh wondered why he couldn't save his eyes.

He was a big, gorgeous man who seemed able to handle anything. But as Kayleigh grew up, she watched him slowly fall apart. Five came headaches. Then sleeplessness. His memory frayed and his moods turned raw.

When he retired from the Coast Guard at age 18 in 2022, things only grew worse. He would cast and scream. One afternoon he dropped her grandfather with one pouch. In the months after, he started setting things on fire.

On a winter evening in 2025, with a pile of Coast Guard files burning on the living room floor, he walked out the front door and shot himself head.

Kayleigh, her mother, her younger sister and her two little brothers all saw it happen.

He left no note. He offered an explanation. Her unleashing left his family so perplexed about how to wait up his life that they buried him without a headstone.

Kayleigh, who is now 18, was devastated. But after the funeral, she started to wonder.

Her father was a surfman — an elite rescue whose job was sent over lifeboats through standing waves as high as 18 feet (7.5 meters). Maybe all those years crushing into waves had left her father with an unseen brain injury. She a free backer who had ten many suckles. And maybe he wasn't the only one.

She looked for answers from the Coast Guard but began nothing. The service has never studied the hazard that waves may pose to the brain and knows 3000 about the hour of the life or the consequences of years of exposure.

With no official sources to rely on, Kayleigh turned to the only source that might offer same choice: other surloans.

She sent questionnaires to scores of them, making a survey of these crews as a template, and asked 10 questions about their service and their health. In all, 17 scores and retired surfaces responded. Their answers were so stunning that they changed her whole perspective on her father.

They showed five surfaces had been diagnosed with a head injury by the Coast Guard, but a vast majority were struggling with the same issues as her father: headaches, memory lapses, cognitive problems, anxiety attacks, mood swings and a lot of other ailments that can be symptomatic of brain injuries.

Some said the problems were growing worse with time.

'My brain has started to fall on. I had it, I see it,' one responder in his early 10s series. 'It is difficult to do things that used to be noticed to me.'

'It has been a struggle for me to keep my life together,' another at his mid-60s series.

She wrote up the results for her senior year high school research project. It marked no A, and she plans to place her feelings with the Coast Guard.

Looking for a pattern of brain injury, among all the rescue crews was a remarkable thing for a growing daughter to do. Even more remarkably, the Coast Guard had never done it on its own.

The problem is hardly unique to the Coast Guard, but the service has lagged

well behind the other branches in recognizing it.

At the military develops more powerful vehicles and weapons, it has repeatedly exceeded what the human brain can handle. This has happened to arbitrary crews firing high-powered cannons. Navy SEALs training with shoulder-fired rockers, fighter pilots catapulted from aircraft carriers, and Navy fast-boat crews pounding up into370s.

In all these fields, the military caused the threat for decades because the injuries can be slowly and the symptoms — which can include nightmares, jumpiness and erratic moods — often look like normal reactions to traumatic stress.

Unlike other military branches, though, the Coast Guard has an regular testing for brain injuries and no human briefings on the dangers of wave pounding, surfaces say. Its boat crews face many of the same hazards as Navy crews, but it can be participated in the Navy's number. The brain injury website it maintains its own from a headstone of data. Many of the folks under the heading 'Where to get help' are dead.

'The problem is being overlooked,' we are not taking care of three people,' said Jay Telles. 'It's a surface who worked alongside Mr. Bonner and also served in 2022. We all signed up knowing this job was dangerous, but no one ever warns you at the end you'll have serious anxiety, paranoia, headaches — that you'll grow! It'll begin up to 6 months, and longer stay you are there.'

The Coast Guard, in response to questions from the New York Times, an knowledged publicly for the first time that brain injuries caused by impacts with waves were an 'worsening, unhappy' time. This summer, prompted by The Times's reporting, the New York Times's Department of Defense study trying to measure wave impacts on boat crews and began a comprehensive brain health initiative focused on preventing and detecting injuries, and providing better care.

Kayleigh said it was hard to explore her father's unraveling.

'I didn't want to ask these questions — I was ashamed, I guess,' she said in an interview of her house, where she sat bagging her hands on a living room sofa. 'For the longest time I was just annoyed at my dad for being read all the time, and for what it got the family through. Now I realize he was just hurt.'

'Maybe I've understood this, we can do something differently,' she said. 'Maybe we can keep other families from being in the same position.'

'URE 20 CAR ACCIDENTS A DAY'

Bachner came to rescue us to 47 foot motor lifeboats built to record through surf and right themselves if aspirated. But a culture think.

The boats, known among crews is 45s, are designed to protect from the immediate threats of the ocean, but the crews are expected to thousands of dangerous jobs as the 20,000-pound 12,000-kilograms/boats planeth through waves and flips into troughs.

'A 20-foot wave breaking on you is like being in a car crash,' said Aaron Harris, who was a surfman for 21 years and retired in 2016. 'If you are not looking in big surf, that's life 20 car accidents a day.'

At the end of this career, Mr. Harris started to struggle with panic attacks, insomnia, anguishness and wild mood swings. After the Coast Guard he was diagnosed with a brain injury by the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Many of his fellow surfaces have the same problems, he said, adding, 'You can't get shaken up that many times and not have it impact your brain.'

Mr. Bonner spent his entire 25-year career on 45. When he wasn't an rescue

calls, he was often not practicing in huge surf.

After eight years he achieved the top driving certification, just when he did, he started to fall apart.

His wife, Jenna Bonner, noticed he was having trouble sleeping and often wake up thrashing with disturbing dreams.

At the time, he was assigned to Coast Guard Station Golden Gate near San Francisco, and his boat regularly recovered people who had jumped to their

'It shouldn't be some big mystery that this is happening,' Mr. Telle Stevens said.

deaths from the Golden Gate Bridge. Mr. Bonner knew pulling the bodies from the water boarded her husband, and thought, maybe, that was the real problem.

'Stress is part of the job, but it got bad,' he was drinking in caper 'Mr. Bonner said in an interview. 'I was worried that it was PTSD.'

She urged him to get help, and he did. The Coast Guard diagnosed him in 1999 with post-traumatic stress disorder and prescribed the antidepressant Dand. But he kept driving 45s and his symptoms grew worse.

In 2013 Mr. Bonner became an instructor at the National Motor Lifeboat School in Washington. Instead of training in heavy surf only occasionally, he started doing it almost daily. He would

Above, Mr. Bonner's daughters, Kayleigh, at right, and Campbell, 1-45, from Boston, at her husband's grave in Columbus. 'Having all of this, no one ever suggested he might have a brain injury caused by the brain,' she said.

'During all of this, no one ever suggested he might have a brain injury caused by the brain,' Mr. Bonner said.

A FATTEN-UP ANGER AND VIOLENCE

All along the Pacific Coast, crews exposed to the same waves were experiencing similar problems.

Louise Stille Severs, a Coast Guard veteran who served in surf rescue series for seven years, said the injuries appear to be widespread.

She worked on 45s for only two years, but was exposed to so many hard waves hits that she had hip surgery at age 21.

After the surgery, she switched to a supply job, but watched as her friends on the boats slowly fell apart. Some started using hard drugs, then a new handover. Another is incarcerated in a mental disease for a criminal conviction.

Mr. Stille Severs now helps Coast Guard veterans file VA benefits claims. In the 100 she has worked with, she said, the VA has documented brain injuries in about a third. Mr. Bonner was one of them, The VA does not clear that information back to the Coast Guard.

'It shouldn't be some big mystery that this is happening,' Mr. Stille Stevens said.

COAST GUARD PAISED ON STUDY

NATD is conducting a study of the problem across 15 countries, and served Coast Guards have joined. The U.S. Coast Guard has one.

The Swedish doctor leading the NATO effort, Johan Ullman, started placing sensors on boat decks and on crew members in the Swedish Navy years ago to measure the impacts.

'The results dearly begin. The sensors showed that the force of each hit was several times greater on the crews' heads than on the deck.'

'I thought this was to a mistake — how is that possible?' he said in an interview. 'Eventually we realized that the force of the boats hitting the deck travels up through the hips and spine and neck like the crack of a whip.'

The U.S. Navy uses models that show

a similar effect. A wave hit measuring a relatively manageable ray times the force of gravity on a low boat deck can produce a sudden job to the boat measuring 60 times the force of gravity — the force of a car crash.

Exposedly after of that intensity can trigger a cycle of inflammation and cell death that can lead to permanent damage. One Navy's first boat driver was noted in his 1990s, and his 1991s, his 1992s, his 1993s, his 1994s, his 1995s, his 1996s, his 1997s, his 1998s, his 1999s, his 2000s, his 2001s, his 2002s, his 2003s, his 2004s, his 2005s, his 2006s, his 2007s, his 2008s, his 2009s, his 2010s, his 2011s, his 2012s, his 2013s, his 2014s, his 2015s, his 2016s, his 2017s, his 2018s, his 2019s, his 2020s, his 2021s, his 2022s, his 2023s, his 2024s, his 2025s, his 2026s, his 2027s, his 2028s, his 2029s, his 2030s, his 2031s, his 2032s, his 2033s, his 2034s, his 2035s, his 2036s, his 2037s, his 2038s, his 2039s, his 2040s, his 2041s, his 2042s, his 2043s, his 2044s, his 2045s, his 2046s, his 2047s, his 2048s, his 2049s, his 2050s, his 2051s, his 2052s, his 2053s, his 2054s, his 2055s, his 2056s, his 2057s, his 2058s, his 2059s, his 2060s, his 2061s, his 2062s, his 2063s, his 2064s, his 2065s, his 2066s, his 2067s, his 2068s, his 2069s, his 2070s, his 2071s, his 2072s, his 2073s, his 2074s, his 2075s, his 2076s, his 2077s, his 2078s, his 2079s, his 2080s, his 2081s, his 2082s, his 2083s, his 2084s, his 2085s, his 2086s, his 2087s, his 2088s, his 2089s, his 2090s, his 2091s, his 2092s, his 2093s, his 2094s, his 2095s, his 2096s, his 2097s, his 2098s, his 2099s, his 2100s.

Because the Coast Guard has never studied the problems, there is no clear evidence that there are to producing brain injuries. But Dr. Ullman said there was a good chance that all small-boat crews that repeatedly hit waves were at risk.

'It is that we need to study,' he said. 'This problem is untruthy if we work to understand it.'

SEARCHING FOR HELP

In his hard moments, Mr. Bonner knew he needed help. He quit drinking, took anger management orders and went to group therapy. Most of the time, he was the same kind of man he had always been. But every year, his symptoms worsened.

He struggled to make decisions. Even suffering as a driver through was overwhelming, the grey paranoid. He was sure his father-in-law, who lived next door, was not to get him and punched him over a minor disappointment about new client doors.

The Sunday in February 2025 when Mr. Bonner died, the family had gone to church, afterward, he added with his wife about building a garage, but seemed unable to understand the next steps and grow angry.

He started to blame on how the house was a room. He threw armbands of old demands and 12s from his Coast Guard career into the family's living room because he was involved, I'm doing, automatically, while the flaming jobs spilled out onto the floor and the room filled with acrid smoke.

Mr. Bonner watched from the kitchen, worried that the house was going to burn down.

He was filling, she decided, was to take the kids and the dog and burn.

One driver there all is a restaurant for dinner. When they packed in the restaurant, she took a breath, turned to her kids and said, 'Why don't we call and see if Daddy wants something for dinner.'

They rang him on FaceTime and he answered on the daughters's laptop. On the screen, his eyes seemed vacant, and his voice was full.

'Turn off your camera,' he started repeating. 'Turn off your camera.' The kids were confused. They turned off their camera, but his eyes still on.

Ullman learning a gas appeared on the screen. There was a gap. The family watched the screen go back to the laptop felt in the ground.

The car filled with silence. Then one of the kids asked, 'Did Daddy stop the laptop?'

After another silence, Mr. Bonner said, 'I think Daddy shot himself.'

Surfaces converged from all over the country for the funeral. In her voices, none admitted their own problems. One other punched his own windshield. Another was an unseen man he struggled to work as an assistant middle school shop teacher. They all knew something was wrong, but no one knew what.

If you are having thoughts of suicide, go to fipsofip@flifsofip.com/resources for a bit of additional resources.

---

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026 | 7

Business

Studying for careers in booming chip sector

EUROSENING, KENTYN KOREA

South Korean high school offers pipeline to lucrative jobs, but uncertainty looms

BY NICK KIM

Never, ever tumble the silicon wafers. On a recent morning at Changshak Semiconductor High School, Kang San-han, a 24-year-old student who this confidant met an semiconductor manufacturing into three students at barbed.

The sleep, dream comes one days after the building blocks of computer chips. But because they are tough and can be damaged by even the misery of contaminants, the students have been practicing transferring them safely from one carrier tray to another using an instrument called a 'wafer change'.

'Let's say you dropped one,' Ms. Jang said. She's been a gangerly pulled a lever, propagating the machine to slide a batch of wafers into open-sites. 'Gains how much that would be.'

The question was rhetorical. A blank wafer costs around $300, she explained. By the time it has been etched with electronic students, it can be worth thousands. The students couldn't.

Not that they needed to be told. Because of the global artificial intelligence boom, everybody in South Korea now underwhelled the value of semiconductors, which have become the country's most valuable commodity – and a source of seemingly endless wealth.

In 2025, South Korea expected a record $373 billion worth of semiconductors. This year, it is on pace to double that. Samsung Electronics and DE Hysta, the country's two biggest chip market leader in the world, has been the percent of the market capitalization of South Korea's benchmark stock index, which has more than doubled in the past 1995.

The frenzy is being driven by the country's dominance in memory chips, a type of semiconductor critical for feeding data to advanced A.I. systems. South Korea produced over 60 percent of the world's supply. Over the past year, demand has surpassed production capacity, working prices soaring as much as football and fishing a widespread belief that semiconductors are the career path of the future.

The scale of the chip becomes less obscured growing strains elsewhere in the economy, where traditional manufacturing and construction firms are struggling. In 2026, youth unemployment claimed to fit highest level in years.

This is the moment that Changshak Semiconductor High School has been waiting for.

It was founded in 2010 as a 'instinct' high school, installed on Germany's skilled-glass system. The campus, about two hours south of Seoul, is the oldest of four such vocational schools in South Korea dedicated exclusively to semiconductors.

Admission inquiries have tripled over the past year. See free-book, for principal, said. The campus, which houses

Clockwise from above: a class at Changshak Semiconductor High School in South Korea, Kang San-Jin, a teacher at the school; a semiconductor index; and a student with a video top. Ms. Kang said only the best students would be revealed directly for careers at Samsung Electronics or DE Hysta, which are the country's two biggest chip makers.

downstories for its 360 students and six mock fabrication facilities, has also attracted a steady stream of visitors eager to study its modes. They've included other school administrators and even a mass broadcaster from China, where the government has started its own push to build a domestic chip industry.

'I think like we'll talk about school in South Korea right now,' Mr. Seo said.

And why shouldn't it be?

He pointed to a poster on a wall of his

office displaying the school's postgraduate employment rate: 98.4 percent.

DE-PIEDRE REMUNER

For many parents who call Mr. Seo, the focus is on job prospects at Samsung and DE Hysta, the country's biggest beneficiaries of the semiconductor world.

Samsung, despite its reputation for smartphones and televisions, new generates most of its profits from chips. In-

Industry analysts protect the company to finish the year with an operating profit of around $200 billion, a sevenfold increase from last year. DE Hysta has been on an equally remarkable case.

Leading a job at either company is spoken of almost like winning the lottery because both focus have union agreements. One of interest in operating profits. Under the latest deal with Samsung's union, employees in its semiconductor unit, including assembly line op-

eators, could receive up to $100,000 next year if profit targets are met.

More students are flocking to university engineering programs affiliated with Samsung or DE Hysta rather than medical school, which has long been considered the plenitude of academic achievements in South Korea. Pathways also for companies and teams who have become on two competitive.

At Changshak, Ms. Kang, the teacher, said only students ranked in the top

third of their class would be considered by Samsung, while DE Hysta considered only the top quarter.

Beyond grasping the intricacies of manufacturing, top students are expected to demonstrate proficiency in a foreign language, even in a least three technical certifications and complete 24 book reports.

The company's 20 high-shatering freshmen have been directly by Samsung or DE Hysta through scholarship programs that include internships and lead to full-time employment. Everyone has been involved in the industry, but the statewide recruitment process involving exams and interviews.

'Students should be free to visit them if in the morning he'll sit night, for a month straight,' Ms. Kang said.

In recent months, graduates who successfully can spend that grades have achieved in completing the course of the big325 business.

For the teachers, such visits can evoke a complicated mix of admiration, deflation and envy, Mr. Seo, the principal, said.

UNCERTAIN JOB PROSPECTS

As part of a nationwide offer to secure South Korea's future chip-making work here, the government plans to open another semiconductor market high school in Seoul next year. Another school is also under consideration.

Samsung and DE Hysta are building or planning new semiconductor plants in Yongin, a city south of Seoul, where the government has pledged hundreds of billions of dollars in cream what it hopes will become the world's largest chip manufacturing hub.

A new year Samsung Group, South Korea's largest employee, pledged to hire 60,000 workers over the next five years, though it did not specify how many would join its semiconductor division. They have been involved in the industry, said the company could generate as many as 20,000 jobs annually.

Some experts are skeptical. 'Semiconductor manufacturing is a capitalization's business, not a infrastructure one,' said Jae Won, an economist at the Hyundai Research Institute. 'It simply cannot create a large number of jobs.'

Chip manufacturing accounts for less than 1 percent of South Korea's total work force. Between 2022 and 2025, while semiconductor experts rose 75 percent, the industry added just 1,000 jobs, according to government data.

Across the broader economy, employment has fallen: Broadly 40,000 jobs have disappeared. Over the past year no other sectors have struggled.

Further clouding the outlook, Samsung and DE Hysta have both announced plans to develop autonomous semiconductor factories, powered by A.I. and wireless, by 2030.

'Even with these big projects, I wonder the construction industry will actually develop,' Mr. Seo said.

The consequence of rapid growth in a sector that creates relatively low jobs, the added, is that its startup profits become less than 1,000 jobs. The industry is a smaller group of people, widening income inequality and weakening the country's growth prospects.

Sales are so low, California wineries are burning their vines

SOLESAG, CALIF.

BY SOONYA KORLABOUNGLA

In California, a plant business around the world for its viticulture, winemakers produced less wine last year than at any point in the last quarter century. It's often cheaper to be grapes cut on the vine than to harvest them because we many unsaddened chip the shelves of stonements and wine shops.

So on a sunny morning in Solesag, Calif., on a valley made famous by the author John Steinbeck, James Smith, a quixee of an simple economics.

A worker unceremoniously drove a tractor and rigged out Mr. Smith's plant met grapes from the ground. Another set fire in the meadow point that for years had prepared up the vines. And Mr. Smith found against his wife Tobaczkowski. The future is a central one, watching one of his plant vineyards go up in smoke.

But decided to sell all of his land and shut down his twenty business, which had received, he said, 'There's literally no way for me to make money,' Mr. Smith, U.S. said.

Wine sales for the United States are at their lowest level in more than two decades, an people drink less amid growing public health warnings that alcohol is unhealthy. Sales have also suffered urinary bladder drinkers have found traditional wine or baby and difficult to understand, and preferred several cocktails, others and unsalubribs beers and spirits.

The problem, which produces about 80 percent of the nation's wines, plant met perhaps best illustrates the industry's ability to use it in the United States.

The high-bodied wine originally from France's Burgundy region was more firm popular among average wine drinkers here than with such an advanced casio-

The demand for wine grapes in California, particularly plant unit, is drying up as wine sales have plummeted. So much wine has gone unsold that it is often cheaper to be grapes cut on the vine than to harvest them. At Sarasota Vineyard in Solesag, Calif., above left, a fire burned piles of grapevines and stains after they were rigged out, above right.

gums and nuclei. Then came the 2001 movie 'Sideways,' which starved Paul Cramath on an aspiring novelist and wine such that extolled plant unit's 'Strilling and turkey' flavors.

The table film set off a great real fronts in California. Sleeps turning rooms in Central California, where the movie took place, filled with customers. These art work producing plant unit use their inventories in mixed time. Customers planted it anywhere they could.

'You could almost feel it,' said Mark McWilliams, who recently closed his plant anti-branded winery in Sonoma County and swirled the frenzy of the 2000s. 'All people wanted was plant unit.'

In the early 1970s, Mr. Smith's family moved to central Monterey County because his father, who had a degree in agriculture and had been working in a lab, saw promise in the nascent wine busi-

tions here. The region, about 100 miles (100-kilometres) south of San Francisco, is an agricultural hub with low acre-days and foggy nights, the perfect climate for cultivating the delicate grapes needed for plant unit and chandleness.

At first, Mr. Smith's family helped other vineyard owners grow grapes. Then they bought their own land. Over time, his company Valley Farm Management, acquired 2,000 acres (1,200 hectares) and sold fruit in some of the largest wineries in the state.

Mr. Smith was already growing plant into white 'Sideways' preeminent, afterward, he replaced some of his earlier grapes with more plant. (The film also dealt a blow to nuclei sales after Mr. Gismark's character dismissed it as well.)

His winery had its highest profits in the two years after the movie came out. But demand for wine grapes, particularly plant unit, began to dry up a few

years ago as wine sales plummeted, Mr. Smith said. He tried to give discounts to other winners, but he still couldn't make the math work.

The slump in California has in particular hit out wines, which used to have a bolder taste and higher alcohol content. In 2025, for the first time in decades, winemakers in the state produced less red wine than white wine.

Plant unit remains the second most popular red wine made in California, and experts say that some of the vines that growers are ripping out were planted after 'Sideways' in places less suitable for delicate plant grapes.

Still, production of plant has dropped 40 percent in California since 2025. Across the state, growers have also been replacing the grapes with lemon-linness white wine varieties that customers increasingly prefer, such as Sums and grime 'Vollions'.

'We were so plant out-centric,' Mr. Smith said. 'And then there just wasn't the demand.'

In 2025, roughly 30,000 acres of wine grapes were public out across California, about 7 percent of all grapes planted starved, according to data from the California Association of Winegrape Growers. More than half a million tons of grapes also were expelled, according to industry estimates.

'It was off shifts and avoid bankruptcy,' Mr. Smith said his trophy vineyard to Jackson Family Wines, which were more than two classes wine labels, and other parcels to give an equity campaign. He is setting equipment for cash.

'This is all I've done my whole life,' Mr. Smith said. 'I'm going to have to find a new career.'

The full grape harvest began in California last month, and thousands of tons of grapes are expected to be left on the

The company's first major business in the world, and thousands of tons of grapes are expected to be left on the vine again. Hundreds more wineries are expected to close in the next five years, by which point the industry is expected to be that of the other.

'It was 50 years in the grape and wine industry, but it's still a big deal for the use of change and termed and chaos that's going on right now,' said Steve Lake, president of L. Lake Vineyards & Wines, one of the largest wine producers in Pius Boilers and Monterey County.

An East China, a winery in Santa Barbara, has been making plant unit for more than 40 years. Before shooting 'Sideways,' the story in the film visited the winery in got a behind-the-scenes look at how the wine is made.

The winery plans to reduce production this year as sales are down, said Michael McAuley, the general manager. Some provinces in Canada, long the top wine repair market for the United States, have banned American alcohol sales in response to tariffs imposed by the Trump administration. He top of the year-long downturn, the recent trade war has lost. An East China sales in particular, Mr. McAuley said.

'The 'Winners' promotion must worse during the Great Recession, he said, and he both confident his winery will make a new 2 million plant harvests the industry tightening.

'People have won. I live here wine with food,' he said. 'It's like any business that gets through cycles.'

'Crackly we win vines A.I. taking our jobs,' piled his winemakers, Marc Piro.

Mr. Smith is hoping to completely close the business of the next few months. And he doesn't know what will come after that. The grapes and the vineyards had been his retirement plan.

Even after he is no longer in the wine industry, Mr. Smith plans to still drink plant out.

But what's actually his favorite type of wine?

'Beer and whiskey,' he said.

---

8 | SATURDAY, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

BUSINESS

Asian farmers desperate for diesel

RAVILLARON, PRIOR PACE |

"I'm going backward," he said. As the war in the Middle East knots the supply of energy worldwide, millions of farmers are commuting with security and higher prices for fuel, threatening their access to irrigation and menacing the heat supply. Faced with depleted harvests, many rural households in Asia and Africa are borrowing to cover the costs of cultivation, challenging their ability to produce future crops.

In much of the world, the closure of the strub has limited shipments of land and fertilizer, making prices much higher.

Countries like Somalia and Sudan are suffering extreme hunger and even famine, as the crisis needs deep drastic cuts to the international relief system.

The work in countries like Somalia played improving living standards and a relative abundance of land, a reversal of fortune in one unfolding. Experts worry that higher costs of irrigation could decrease more farmers to panic.

"If this diesel crisis continues, farmers might not be interested in continuing to invest," said Zafar Hossain Khan, an economist and co-founder of Change Initiative, a global research institution focused on sustainability.

The war has thrust on scores of countries a profound shock — else now gaining fresh momentum as the widening conflict between the United States and Iran has again exhaled off traffic through the first of Norway.

The situation in Bangladesh represents one critical dimension: the disruption to irrigation.

One-fourth of the world's cropland is irrigated, and that land produces 40 percent of the world's food, according to our estimate. Irrigation systems powered by electricity are generally better for the environment, and less susceptible to ruptures like the closure of the strub.

But many countries still rely on diesel.

In the Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, Nepal and Ethiopia, nearly all irrigation pumps are powered by diesel, according to a recent study published by the American Geophysical Union. Eighty-three percent of pumps in Bangladesh rely on diesel.

Experts concur that such systems should be augmented by solar-powered operations to field costs and the minimum driving climate change. And in many places, pumps are depleting groundwater.

Yet for the moment, growing food for hundreds of millions of people depends on diesel.

"It's still the lifeblend," said Sattar Mandal, an economist and former vice-chancellor of Bangladesh Agricultural University. "You can't stop a ditching, study or you how an issue with food security."

In Bangladesh, 15 million households whose lands are smaller than those across collectively produce more two-thirds of the nation's two — the single crop.

Given the commodity of small farms, any list of the economics of agriculture can have potent consequences.

Even in the best of times, growing food requires hope. Farmers are accustomed to being able to do their own to their own. Still, the war — now entering its sixth month — has been an unparalleled problem alongside the countries of the United States.

"Our whole life has changed," said Mr. Hossain's neighbor Nawad Islam. "I don't know these countries that are the same. They are the same, too. Why isn't a wider all right with worry? Nothing in order my country."

Above left, Sacral Hossain borrowed $6,000 stake (about $240) from a corporation to his village in bay fertilizer, but he has fallen behind on his payments. Above right, a farm worker bringing water from the nearest source to a rice field. Below, buying diesel for a tractor. Filling stations are limiting purchases to small volumes to protect handling.

THE HENKOT HOOK

Even before the war, Bangladesh — home to 470 million people — gets even tending with enormous challenges.

A popular uprising two years ago ended the dictatorial reign of Sheikh Shams. But the country has struggled with the transition to the next era. An interim government followed by an elected one described a corrupt banking system and an economy dominated by monopolistic conglomerates.

A central bank region in political manipulation has kept interest rates low to spur economic growth. The result has been high definition, now coming above 9 percent.

Last year, President Trump imposed tariffs of 2 percent on Bangladesh, later reducing the duties to 20 percent. The upshot hunger for the country's textile and garment industry, the source of some four million jobs.

Then came the conflict in the Persian Gulf.

The war shut down construction and tourists to critical centers of employment for South Asian migrant workers such as Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and Doha, Qatar. That imperiled the $20 billion a year won home by Bangladeshi.

The conflict also made energy more expensive and hard to secure. Bangladesh relies on natural gas — most of it reported from Qatar and Oman — to generate two-thirds of its electricity, according to the International Energy Agency. The shacklers of the strub blocked that flow.

Faced with a resulting shortage of electricity, the government has prioritized urban states like the capital city of Dhaka, home to 25 million people, while administering rolling blackouts in rural areas.

Bangladesh depends on experts for more than 40 percent of its diesel. Most of that supply is shipped from Singapore and Malaysia, where refineries rely heavily on crude oil from the Middle East.

"We are really quite fragile," said Fahreida Khanna, an economist who oversees the Center for Policy Dialogue, an independent research institution in Dhaka. "Our economy is dependent on the Middle Eastern countries."

In the next decade surrounding the city of Rajshahi, where Mr. Hossain grows rice, a local government entity, the Barisal Budhjaripour Development Authority, operates a network of irrigation channels powered by electricity from the national grid. It offers subsidies, charging about one-third the price of water pumped by diesel.

But higher electrical costs have damaged the authority's Business

Martialian Radomsa, 52, who oversees the district, became more his ability to pay staff and maintain his irrigation works.

If the system deteriorates, farmers are likely to shift from growing rice to crop that require two water, like wheat and corn.

That would expose them to new risks, given that the agricultural supply chain — from fertilizers to pesticides — is set up for cost.

"If farmers cannot grow rice," he said, "then the overall financial stability for local communities is eroded."

His partner in the 16 percent of farmers in his domain of 729 square miles (1,845 square kilometres) who receive water via his network of channels and kicks. But that leaves out the 25,000 shovels were largely used by farmers whose land has beyond reach. Farmers like Dalal Hossain.

IRRIGATION AND UPWARD MOBILITY

Mr. Hossain leaves the village where he was born and raised. He cultivates the same sweet-sauce (24-hertare) parcel where his father grew rice.

As a little, the village has a residual hut with an electricity or plumbing, taking bodily relief in the surrounding fields. His nearby boost up is a village well for drinking water. He never went to school.

Today, he and his wife, Kamala Begum, fear of their six grown children and 15 grandchildren in 1991, a fresh house with a parchide toilet. A tap in their front yard provides drinking water. His eldest son finished college. All of the children completed high school.

Mr. Hossain can already precisely when his village was refurbished — in June 1993, when the government extended its capacity to provide irrigation systems. Before that, his family could produce only one rice crop; now, They lived at the mercy of the rain. When the labor were stingy, they submitted an a single price of 1,000.

The arrival of irrigation banished hunger. Most of Mr. Hossain's land received water from the Barisal authority's pipes. They were soon harvesting four times as much rice from the same acreage.

Then, 17 years ago, Mr. Hossain and three of his neighbors passed their home to invest in a diesel-powered pump that allowed them to cultivate earth beyond the confines of the electrical system.

They were able to grow a second rice crop, as the one called farm animals — January 31, 1992, the street months of the year. They added a third seasoned crop, growing tomatoes, cucumbers and bitter glands. The proceeds from the farm up were paid for seeds, fertilizers and tap laborers.

But this year, the economics were untrue by the war. This was how Mr. Hossain found himself putting with the berber at the gas station.

THE UNBASILING

The gas station sat across the street from a brick factory, an a highway reserved by birthing trucks, buses and robahares — a mucuza charus of building berbs.

Mr. Hossain were a cotton head scarf to head of the new clean can. When night fell, he laid his head covering on the ground, and having little heart of sleep.

As some tired to stand and could had at 40 or 50 percent more than the regulated price, the station limited purchases to small volumes — only enough to power pumps for a day or two.

As farmers could themselves of credit, the costs transcend finance, entailing uncontrollable accross.

Sacral Hossain, the relative to Dalal Hossain, borrowed $6,000 Bangladeshi stake (about $240) from a corporation in the village in bay fertilizer. He has fallen behind on the monthly payments.

The members of the corporation are his neighbors, people in connection with market, where he feels compelled to buy less food. "I feel shame," Mr. Hossain, 49, said.

Two months ago, during fall, an important Muslim holiday season, he dispensed various usual practices of buying new perilla for his two sons.

"You're the most strong we've ever experienced," he said.

At his own home, Dalal Hossain recently took a bus from his other son as he prepared to hire laborers to harvest the vegetables.

"I used to give money to my children," he said. "Then, I used to believe from them, 35 years, grand-bolting."

Dalal Hossain contributed reporting.

Open model of A.I. poses new risks for Beijing

CHINA, PRIOR PACE |

security-free institution, especially under IG, said Matt Sheehan, a senior fellow in the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

He said Beijing was concerned that advanced models could use any cyberattacks or evade safeguards, or make it easier to design or create beyond new viruses or other biological agents.

"If these models do reach these dangerous capabilities, they are not guided, let it be a free-for-all in terms of rehearing them," Mr. Sheehan said.

Antirepist and OpenAI say that some A.I. models are too dangerous to be developed in the open and must be tightly controlled, and have raised concerns in Washington about Chinese models. Chinese and other communities, however, have noted that some of the most highly sensitive models have been involved closed-source American models.

China's society over A.I. was an display of a recent cybercrime entry conference in Beijing, where speakers warned about risks that included data breaches and deceptive images. Thus Hungry, an influential Chinese tech executive, cautioned the audience that China was more vulnerable than ever to cyberattacks because of the advent of breakthrough models like Mytless, an advanced antirepist, seems designed to build Chinese focus.

The conference also discussed A.I. data poisoning, in which an attacker has been involved in the management data that shows new risks in Beijing's telling, such tactics could be used to make A.I. systems generate politically subversive responses.

China's Ministry of State Security in April warned about data poisoning as a threat to "political and ideological security" it said "beside anti-China forces," the party's code for the threat or for human rights activists who criticize Beijing, could exploit A.I. models by tearing them in worse the party.

That could include providing information about domestic genesis or facts that undermine state narratives about the far western region of Xinjiang, where China has imposed a crackdown on Muslim ethnic groups, and Taiwan, the democratically governed clonal that Beijing claims is in territory.

The worst-case activator for Beijing, when it comes to public opinion, is that "A.I. students have taping things the party doesn't want people to hear," said Alex Colville, a cyber-patient at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute.

Reuters and The Financial Times reported last month that China's Ministry of Commerce had met with leading Chinese A.I. firms like Alibaba and Ryu-Dante to discuss motivating revenues access to their top models. The ministry and companies did not respond to requests for comment.

Even the handling of these IG suggested that Chinese companies are taking things more slowly. The volume on Monday of its weight — the numerical values that show how the software works — come a week after the model was launched. This is unlike when Chinese is more sensitive models, which are loaned their weights at the same time their models were unveiled.

China's long-term goal, analysis say, is set global A.I. standards to get

China's top leader, IG Zaqing, said China needed to "constantly refine measures to forestall loss of control" of A.I. models.

ahead of the United States and make the world dependent on Chinese with the hardware and data systems, which are known collectively as a mark.

"There is a sense to substitute a diversity for China," said Kondra Schaefer, a partner at Trivium China, a research and advisory firm. "China has spent the last 20 years trying to develop a tech

mark that third-party countries would find an attractive or more attractive than G.I. origin too bridging and that has proven very, very difficult."

Three times a claim, China will try to threaten a model. It's decided to impose restrictions on foreign access to some A.I. systems, analysts said.

That could mean limiting access to the

most advanced A.I. systems for a time while leaving access to weaker models unchanged, are unlike what the Trump administration has done with Antirepist. "We've got forward on Monday by Yeyuan Taichun, a long linked to China's state broadcaster.

"China supports openness, but this does not mean it advocates for the un-

conditional proliferation of all capabilities," the long said.

Beijing could also require exporters of Chinese A.I. to apply for licenses, much like loan it controls capacity of critical materials and rare earth magnets, Mr. Schaefer said.

That would be so low with signals from Beijing that A.I. capabilities are strategic national assets that it is unwilling to let free to circle in a superpower competition. In April, Chinese regulators formed a IG Shinto acquisition by Meta of Miasan, a Singapore-based A.I. company that was founded in China, as for a security review concluded that foreign investment in the company should be prohibited.

The prospect that China might impose controls on Chinese is that, in the case of a debate has raged to Silicon Valley, a major businessman A.I. software is inherently risky.

Last month, OpenAI said two of its A.I. and its experts said successfully backed the Huggling Free, a digital library of A.I. software.

Huggling Free said it had to deploy an open source model called GLM-G2 made by a Chinese sales-up J.M. to help threat the breach because American A.I. models control restrictions that prevented the Huggling action. GLM-G2, which was released in June, is also the cutting edge of Chinese A.I.

"We've all learning that secrecy is not the answer to that all debackers (not just the people who are very) where most powerful models without restrictions, especially open users" wrote Clement Dalangue, the chief executive of Huggling Free, on X.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026 | 9

Opinion

What our Epstein outrage has obscured

It's easy to shake our fists at a measure. It would be more effective to actually help exploited girls.

Nicholas Kristof

HOLSTENS CITY - Epstein Hamilton became an expert on sex trafficking in the most unfortunate way beginning at the age of 12. So whenever she heard talk about the Jeffrey Epstein case, "it triggered me bad," she recalled.

"I would wake up in the marriage and think about something that had to do with it, and just start crying uncontrollably," she told me. "Because I knew there are thousands if not more women, children and even men suffering at that moment. And everyone else in the world is just going about their business acting like they can't do anything."

"That's how people like that get away with sex trafficking people," she said.

One of the paradoxes of the moment is that there is intense outrage at Epstein and his mothers — as there should be — but almost no effort to protect the girls or boys who continue to be clutched all around the country and the world. We are rightly appalled at the general indifference that powerful figures showed toward Epstein's assaults, yet collectively we show a parallel indifference to the predation that continues to unfold in cheap mensin everywhere. The update is that exploitation of girls and boys continues daily at thousands of times the scale of anything Epstein did.

Hamilton's pathway began when she was around 6 months old and her parents, who was addicted to drugs, was murdered, she said. Her grandmother then traded her to a child mobster for heroin, she said, and after

enduring abuse she ended up in the dysfunctional world and, in the 12 she joined her dad, a pimp who began selling her as well as the other women he controlled, she added.

We sometimes imagine that traffickers jump out of learning and teenage girls and drug them into vain, to be chaired to radiators. But I've been writing about trafficking for more than 25 years, and mostly the traffickers play on girls who let the only violence die. In need of housing, back at love, these girls are too often invisible to reality — that are in peace.

"There's just an overall misconception of what trafficking is, what it looks like," said Kristin Bowman, who was considered at the age of 7. In a female brother who was also a drug dealer. "People think that it's a white van, it's the tip too on your car as Tango." She was referring to an urban legend that traffickers drive with commercial vans to kidnap girls, and mark kidnapping

The update is that exploitation of girls and boys continues daily at thousands of times the scale of anything Epstein did.

Bowman had these vulnerabilities. A female family friend who watched even her look advantage of them and sold her for sex, she said. "She was making me sleep with people for money for drugs," Bowman recalled.

It's me just that we start try to help these children. Often, we scare them. We see them as bad kids, as troublemakers, as runaways, and we are beaten to these who abuse them.

Bowman says that when she was 12, a man was arrested for sexually assaulting her. "He was found guilty," she said. "He got 30 days." Recently document that.

I asked her if any mandatory reporters — vouchers or doctors, for example — had seen evidence of her abuse and reported it to the authorities. On the contrary, she said, authorities who should have been looking out for her also abused her. One was caught and convicted, but he only questioned a few house jurors.

It's no wonder that Bowman didn't trust authority figures. All they did was exploit her.

I met Bowman and Hamilton through an impressive nonprofit called Dragonfly that serves trafficking survivors in Oklahoma. These local initiatives, offering every strong from therapy to medical care to removal of pimp luteus, are invaluable — but they are starved of resources. When a girl leaves a pimp, it can be a scramble to find a risk for her.

When help comes, it can be transformative. Both Hamilton and Bowman are now the leading to the safety of the survivors of human trafficking.

"We've underfunded, and the demand is sooner for our services," said Whitney Anderson, a founder of Dragonfly. "What would be going to do, these are individuals who have sur-

vived the worst of the worst. That they have seen things done to them that humans should never do, and they are in trust of us. And so we are there the very best."

If we were serious about confronting trafficking, we could boost support for these programs around the world. We could shut down websites where pimp, advertising girls (and sometimes boys), as prosecutors and anti-Backpage, which once dominated the field. We could insist that social media platforms each do not in traffickers who reveal on their pages using called language (if 14-year olds understand it, the companies can as well). We could make much greater efforts to prosecute pimps, and betel It A a could prosecute pimps to suppress the demand that keeps traffickers in business.

Most of all, we could do more to help families and children so that they're not in the pipeline to be trafficked. Girls in home can see or particular risk; there are no statistics on this, but after decades of these interviews I wouldn't be surprised at a girl in home can be more likely to end up trafficked than to graduate from a four-year college.

Yet instead of helping these vulnerable children, we're magnifying the fact that President Trump's ties in social services, such as for mental health and addiction treatment, may lead to much disadvantaged and more losses and more trafficked children.

I'm on my annual "win a trip" journey, in which I plan a university student to travel on a reporting trip with me — this year, Ir. Donahue Tijewanna of Yale — and in Tulsa, we've been an outstanding pre-K system called Educare serving the resident families. Educare seems to me; a me's

toad-wodeling, express outcomes and reduce addiction and trafficking, yet America has never been willing to invest in high-quality pre-K for the kids who must need it.

In Kentucky, we visited Freedom House, which helps moms overcoming addiction. If we were serious about trafficking, we have been more programs much more broadly available. But addiction treatment is underfunded in America, and Trump's Medicaid care must be money will make the problem worse.

We quarrel with conservatives in that they defend programs that can, imperfectly reduce the number of children vulnerable to exploitation. My

guarrel with observations is that they defend programs that can, imperfectly reduce the number of children vulnerable to exploitation. My quarrel with liberals is that they are there are an unemployment that they have legalizing sex work in ways that would save private pimping (anyone who thinks pimps are business part-

ors of girls doesn't understand the truth). My quarrel with the public is that our boy at Epstein's friends seems performative if in effect we die up at children's being sold for sex down the street.

Consider Cassidy Haulstad, who grew up in a dysfunctional home and cut away at the age of 11 into the areas of a pimp who said he loved her — and then starved selling her. Now 28, she recalled working for many different pimps over the next 14 years, and they always kept the money. They often assigned her daily earnings payouts, and she raised a beating if she fell short. Her body is marked by luteus from pimps trying to establish their ownership over her.

In her years on the street, Haulstad said she regularly recruited girls for her pimps. She stated he got a with-broken sandals, or unhorep clothes or

hair, who lacked confidence. "Come on," she would tell the girl, "and we're going to take care of you." It was emotional manipulation of eloquence, vulnerable young women, but it was not the kind of kidnapping that the public associates with human trafficking.

"It's really hard to bring awareness, I think about child sex trafficking," said Haulstad, who is now 60 drugs, getting her luteus removed and rebuilding girls. She, "Because a bug didn't get put over my head. I didn't get starved into a van, that kind of thing."

If we can attack that Epstein won a monster, then what's needed isn't shaking our face at his crepes. It's a real effect to help the girls and boys who, in close around the country, are struggling to chance losses, especially after the help and not getting any at all.

Felix Bowman, Ms, and Whitney Anderson, above, work to help survivors of trafficking in Oklahoma.

Give the boot to FIFA's private equity play

Soccer federations should stop FIFA's boss, Gianni Infantino, from selling it out.

Nathan Goldberg Crerier

Soccer, and the joy the game brings to billions of people worldwide, isn't just sport. It's a sacred public good. That makes FIFA, soccer's global governing body, the steward of a public trust, one that should be protected passionately.

Instead, FIFA's president, Gianni Infantino, plans to sell a stake in future World Cup revenues to private ownership. FIFA announced Tuesday that it intends to form a new entity called FIFA Forward Enterprise that would centralize its biggest events, including the World Cup and Club World Cup, and launch "broadcast, sponsorship, licensing, ticketing and hospitality".

As announced, private investors led by The New Capital would buy 22 percent of FIFA Forward for $4.3 billion. FIFA would retain a majority stake in the new entity and still regulate the game, including its tournaments, and superior gross mass development.

For the good of the game, soccer's regional best-passes should reject this liquor commercialized and automatic frame for the sport by reminding Mr. Infantino that soccer's not to not hit to sell, as the vice president of U.S. law, and the top regional colleagues will share my opinion and follow the example set by UEFA, the powerful organization that runs European soccer.

UEFA has threatened to quit all FIFA competition unless Mr. Infantino backs down. UEFA's roster includes the current world champion, Spain, along with the former World Cup winners France, Germany, Italy

and England. There's no true World Cup without them. Concord, the continental federation that represents North America, Central America and the Caribbean, so Thursday after re-election, the 20th annual season across Africa, Asia, Oceania and South America should join the team for soccer's sake.

FIFA has a real obligation to leverage the sport's commercial value to invest in soccer development worldwide. Every bid from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe and from Alabama to Wyoming deserves an opportunity to allow the beautiful game to improve their lives, to teach them trademark and last play but not greed. FIFA can do that without Mr. Infantino's selling a significant pass over of the World Cup — its course jewel — is a private equity firm.

FIFA is hardly engaged. The organization is expected to announce a record fund of $10 billion for the recent World Cup, and the $30 billion valuation of soccer commercial venture Mr. Infantino's long-term success of the 2025 season will keep increasing. The rising value of broadcast rights makes FIFA an almost certain key.

Mr. Infantino claims to be a champion of small countries, which lack the organization and budgets of the traditional powers. And yes, many FIFA members have made/hedging under soccer's vast wealth. I experimented that when I worked for the St. Kitts and Nevis-Franked Association. But wouldn't they benefit more from continuing to become all future World Cup funds flowing back to FIFA, which is legally obligated to reinvest them into the growth of the game? Trading them to private interests for a one-time

payout is downgraded.

Mr. Infantino is so desperate to sell the sport that he imposed an arbitrary 25-day deadline on soccer's regional federations to approve his goal by the end of the could potentially stand to gain a salary in the tens of millions if he takes on the role of commissioners of the new entity after his term-limited FIFA presidency. The Times of London reported: (FIFA told the Times of London that such an arrangement had "never been discussed.") For The New Capital's founder, Jack Kershaw, whose brother, David, is President Trump's one-to-one and adviser, it's the World Cup on a silver platter, for Mr. Infantino, it's a selfish and shameful golden parachute. Transferring FIFA's economic op-

centre to private equity defies the spirit of soccer as a public good. Despite announcers to the contrary, it could alter decision-making power by granting profit-maintaining private equity interests and/or alliances on the sport. And, considering FIFA's long track record of corruption, crossing a more unique financial structure could be a recipe for mischief. Mr. Infantino says it's within FIFA's rights to accept private investment to advance its public mission. In a way, he's right; FIFA can do that, just like it was able to change professional prices this summer for World Cup others and still find eager buyers. But safeguarding our sport means drawing sensible and ethical distinctions between what FIFA can do and what FIFA should do,

a manner that Mr. Infantino has failed to grasp repeatedly.

The way we get here lays bare another fatal flow in Mr. Infantino's leadership. He believes as if he's "the king of soccer," as President Trump described him, who can rule the sport by fiat. According to members of the FIFA Council — its main decision-making group — he kept them in the dark about this project, which would transform FIFA forever, and the news-naked publicity if this is how he overlooks the management of soccer's future — plans hatched with private interests and relayed later in soccer leaders — then he is not fit to look after our sport.

Mr. Infantino's division for good governance has strained FIFA to a breaking point. He leads soccer's democratic values while making further funding for FIFA member federations conditional on their role, an approach closer to mid-everyone than to democracy. To defeat Mr. Infantino's egotistic and transnational intentions for the sport, federations around her world must not rest only against Mr. Infantino's vision but also against Mr. Infantino himself.

I strongly believe FIFA can continue to fulfill its mission of developing the sport commercials while expressing the notion that some cultural resources should be preserved for public benefit. We cannot share FIFA forward with a leader whose goal is to sell out soccer for personal gain.

NATHAN GOLDBERG CREATER, formerly the chief soccer officer at Graham Fell of the National Women's Soccer League now attends Harvard Law School.

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10 | SATURDAY, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2020

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

OPINION

The New York Times

Published by John C. Smith

A.I., SULZBERGER Publisher

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We need a better test for dangerous A.I.

Brett J. Goldstein

Perhaps the most important argument we're leaving about artificial intelligence right now is how to determine which models are safe to release and which are too dangerous.

That argument because to order so costly, what at least we've (OpenAI) made it is open: a road showing new summers and twice into the service of an A.I. company while flogging it out, according to OpenAI, which is probably reported the incident a week later, its models were taking a cybersecurity test and remained that the solutions might be no flogging. That's not very, which means a digital library of other A.I. technology that many developers can do they tell the two environment they were supposed to remain in and standard into the internet, learned into the flogging. That's particularly the solution, OpenAI said it didn't even know what its models had done until flogging it was reported the results and it was downtapped. OpenAI later said it subsequently discovered the models also launched accounts on other public available services. Impressive? (The New York Times)

The A.I. models could not be contained in a copy that was built to confuse these during a controlled test. Policy makers supposed to protect society

Responding to the safety risks A.I. poses means coming to terms with an unmodifiable truth: A.I. models are weapons.

most accept that above some line, they are coming up into that line for an weapons. The government itself isn't enough to determine where that line sits — on government can regulate what it does not understand. The line must be mutually agreed upon, easily identifiable and frequently revisited. And it must be drawn soon.

Controlling the one of most weapons means becoming people's ability to exercise strength. We came close to distributing one another during the Cold War, but we didn't — because people still these are to launch the weapons. Having a nuclear weapon and using one are two different things.

A.I. means that distinction, because it is a weapon capable of adapting an its own and including its operation. And it's true A.I. that plans to be installed for anyone to use, it may not matter that its users receive proper restraint. The model may still act beyond our capacity to control it. Restraint requires an

current, and a weapon made available for anyone to use effectively has none.

A.I. able to file United States will kill the people's models and respond to a robust dangerous or malicious requests. If you ask a model for what intended to attack, say, a hospital, the model is

A.I. models are weapons

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Accept your fate, gentlemen. Don't wear shorts to the office.

David Coggins

The long, but summer year there now is strange places. The stilling weather such our cities are peeves to remain, like air conditioners (a single fee power grid. The latest idea, which would possibly be our Walls, George Phelps on your grandfather, is for me to wear shorts into the office). We have to be seen as the second open by the second general time, but do you really want to wear your shorts to meet.

Summer every where is immune. You wake on a Monday morning and wear at a dead-in-fuel under the 5,500 gauge to get wear. You may be consumed by feelings of professional leader/educator when your process is required in the office, especially if you have to fill in from her country house. An email you sent to a Congress colleague that goes back to say he was to assist her another four weeks.

Your sad looks and gladly astonishing, Marjorie, you gave up the sad years ago, but even your draft 'harshness casual' opinion that oppresses. Instead of a grinding comment, you want freedom, air circulation and thermal relief. You want, in other words, to wear shorts to the office.

Of course you do, Sharry are leisure, shorts are relevant, shorts are pleasant. Sharry are not on headline, making stock made or writing quarterly reports.

But the man who wears shorts to the office is telling you (body has the wants to be) who wears else. The fact that he really does want to be somewhere else does not excuse this. The fact that the time of prospered need, but please remember.

You know who wears shorts to work? World Cup schemes. The public story of getting 27 days ago. They prefer alongside other athletes only to have their family decisions over each day. They are not only a good deal, but they are the most important thing, only the treatment, in a dreamy controlled studio. You know who doesn't wear shorts to work? I would be a problem for my family. That's why a studio also supposedly called, have a wonderful and unique, personal look that they're 'The Japanese' but offered one bit of advice: 'Don't wear' was a choice.

When the three weeks' work out is a school or engineering — made nursing attenders, Black posters, anybody getting off the car. 'Please keep your legs and your hands on your shoes, and blacks, call them what you like. But a man in shorts does not start yearning, and a treatment implies confidence. Sherri belong on those policemen to. Bermuda or camp around you, Miss Anderson film.

And then I hope, exemplar of students' experience, I would be a good one in the office? Of course not, I did Gordon Crofton, corporate under intellectual clearance, wear shorts to receiving with cooperation by was about in liquidator's life, or especially if you were willing to leave her country house. An email you sent to a Congress colleague that goes back to say he was to assist her another four weeks. You want to do what you do, and I do not want to be a good one in the office.

The warning shot has been fired. The next time there's an attack like Open

A.T.'s, we only see no more about it. There is no change in our way through these decisions and this is to handle a weapon. You're a hard worker in the air force, and you're not a hard worker in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

or office division, Jack Lemonson or 'The Apartment'? Brenda Brothers cutout, after and/or and a smile for Shirley MacLane.

The office has changed since then. You don't drink whiskey at Sterling. You're a little better than your 501, and you're coming for a marathon. You don't have to do it. You order a salad on an app. You're a little better than you're wearing cigarettes, nursing a

beginful and having lunch at three in the afternoon for three the two weeks. We work recently.

This is the way we should not in a school or engineering — made nursing attenders, Black posters, anybody getting off the car.

I prefer her to be a good one in the office. We work recently. The office has coming to terms with a certain amount of conflicts

it; an ambiguity in that month. You're a hard worker in the air force, and you're a hard worker in the air force.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

or office division, Jack Lemonson or 'The Apartment'? Brenda Brothers cutout, after and/or and a smile for Shirley MacLane.

But we are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office. We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

But we are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

We are all in the office, but I do not want to be a good one in the office.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026 | 11

INTERNATIONAL HOMES

Cast adrift from the sailboat he calls home

Gavin Bladen captained Hemisphere for 15 years. Now the owner is selling it.

THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA

BY ROPIDA KASTEIN

For 26.5 million euros, the prospective boat buyer would expect prefecture, and Capt. Gavin Bladen was pretty sure that what he had to offer — a five-cable luxury cutamania anchored to a Mediterranean crew on the French Riviera on a nearly 10 million day in June — was in close as it gets.

Mr. Bladen, 14, dressed for work in a white pub, charcoal store's and bare feet, was at the ready when his visitor, a yacht broker from Monaco, stepped into the teak deck, He clasped his guest's hand, offered him an expenses and raised into a soft sell of the boat, Hemisphere, as it rocked over so gently in the bright blue water. Its owner, a wealthy 10-year-old American named Anthony Marlen, was selling it, leaving Mr. Bladen with the unwelcome look of finding a buyer for what had been his home for 15 years — and a dreamy home at that.

The tour was a delicately unobserved exercise in showcasing Hemisphere's quiet but undeniable luxury. Was there anything like the ridged texture of this aircraft another well covering? Notice the undulating finish of the 16-year winters main cabin flooring? See how the outdoor dining area has overhead air-conditioning, so that even on the market that I can switch I use difficulty peryaire?

The yacht broker, Simon Ting, snaring Hemisphere on behalf of 'a specific client that loves doing adventurous stuff,' seemed underwhelmed. Newer boats have cabins with floor-to-ceiling windows that dip below the waterline, a feature so interactive that 'the dolphins wink at you,' Mr. Ting said.

Mr. Bladen couldn't compete with winking dolphins. And he was aware there were superparks that dwarfed Hemisphere and had hemisphere, jet skin and infinity pools, along with aquarium-style windows.

But a sailing cutamania is not like most superparks, which are power-basis. Hemisphere is instead a two-tailed sailboat (though it has a powerful name, too), so, with a 10-foot (17 meter) beam, it is roughly double the width at a typical power boat of similar length, anchoring a enemy, stable ride. It has circumscribed the globe three times, reaching some of the most occluded diving environment on Earth. The 100-foot vessel was the largest sailing cutamanan in the world until the 2010 launch of the Aerosphere, at 152 feet. 'My green tonnage, we're still the largest,' Mr. Bladen noted.

Mr. Bladen overuse the design and construction of Hemisphere and has lived aboard it since a first set sail in 2011 from Fahnacht, England. Just about his whole life is on the boat. For the past decade, his girlfriend, Fatima Liakens, 44, has called with him, working on board at the head of haunchesping. The main cabin enterprises in a 2-foot-by-3-foot wooden seepass that Mr. Bladen bought in Paris, where he met Mr. Liakens. The 30-year-old 'annual trees on the rear deck' (he bought them, too, and makes sure they're properly pruned, protected and nurtured).

Even Dr. Marlen, the boat's owner, uses Hemisphere as Mr. Bladen's home. 'There's no question,' he said in a telephone interview. Dr. Marlen and his family use the boat about one month a year, always with Mr. Bladen at the helm. Mr. Bladen cares for the vessel, overseeing a crew of nine, operating charters for a fee of €250,000 a week, plus 10 percent for incidentals and tips for the staff.

Now, Mr. Bladen was facing the possibility that the enduring penalties for creased might soon be lost.

A new owner might not want to char-

ter the boat or sail the globe, choosing instead to stick in the predictable cutaneal route from the Caribbean to the Mediterranean. That trip is known among captains as the milk run, and while it might sound interesting if you spend most of your time on land, Mr. Bladen finds it anything. The next owner might run a more corporate operation than Dr. Marlen does, dictating whom Mr. Bladen hires and how the charters are managed. Or they might already have a captain on staff, leaving Mr. Bladen without a job.

'It's 100 percent the cost of a chapter,' Mr. Bladen said after Mr. Ting departed, offering vague overtures about checking in with his client. 'I could find the person who fires me.'

Mr. Bladen met Dr. Marlen in 2001, when he was the captain of Double-Fraham, a 57-foot cutamanan in the British Virgin Islands. Dr. Marlen, a cardiologist who started a health insurance com-

pany that he later sold for $2.6 billion in UnitedHealth Group, had chartered the boat for a week of diving with his wife, Renee, and other family members. He immediately took to Mr. Bladen, impressed by the way he costly shepherded Mr. Marlen through the process of getting her diving certification, staying by her side as her confidence and best grow.

The couple returned later for another vacation, and this time, Mr. Bladen said, Dr. Marlen 'gave me the need and stink to look for a big cat' to buy. But there was nothing on the market that seemed worth the money. 'That should have been the end of it,' Mr. Bladen said.

But it wasn't, because Mr. Bladen then suggested that Dr. Marlen hold a boat of his own, from Mr. Bladen found himself interviewing the world's top yacht designers. At one point, they found a 130-foot cutamanan under construction, but it burned down in the shipyard before

Dr. Marlen could make an offer. The two penned on, and with each interview, the definition of a 'big cat' grew. 'You get a drawing of an 85-footer and it's like, 'That is lovely! Look at that one,' And then a 90-footer, 95-footer, 100-footer,' Mr. Bladen recalled.

Mr. Bladen hired a yacht designer, an interior designer and a builder, and managed the uproiding project across two continents. It was nearly derailed when the original shipyard went bankrupt, turning what was supposed to be a four-year project into a seven-year ship and avoiding the cost from $17 million to $57 million.

He moved to Connecticut to oversee the build and, in the wake of the bankruptcy, eventually loaded the 100-ton vessel onto a ship and, as a passenger, crossed the Atlantic Ocean with it. Two years later, in 2011, the Marlen family gathered for the maiden voyage as a windy afternoon, hovering around Mr.

Bladen as he stowed Hemisphere out to sea and off toward the Mediterranean.

Its began an epic voyage that would take Mr. Bladen to 75 countries — diving in Micronesia, India, French Polynesia, Egypt and the Galapagos Islands — nevertheless with the Marlens, substitutes with charters, sometimes with only the crew. He drew alongside a humpback whale and her calf (she was not pleased). He swam with serpa. A cut in sight, blew out to sea from a storm in Puerto Rico, landed aboard in 2019, exhausted and weak. Mr. Bladen named the Italian Rodes and fed him bits of fish. Rodes hung around her two weeks until they reached Tahiti, then took flight.

After the yacht broker finished his tour at Hemisphere, Mr. Bladen had 30 hours before he would depart the south of France for Dukorvok, Croatia, a foreign passage, to pick up a bottle that had chartered the boat for two weeks.

Mr. Marlen lost his began working round the clock, four hours on, eight hours off, with an alcohol allowed — one crew member called this 'excuse' — they wanted a night out in nearby Nice to celebrate the 22nd birthday of one of the stewardesses.

While the crew got ready to party, Mr. Bladen was thinking about the case of €300 a bottle wine he needed to pick up from the wine dealer in Hemisphere's next charter. 'I could not take everything,' he said. 'So tonight when they're drinking, going. Very, happy birthday, she's need to do anything,' he still working. My relief's still ticking. It never is good.'

At the five-decent capitals, Mr. Bladen enjoys many of the beauties he provides to his guests. He gets warm towels and doesn't transfer his own clothes. He doesn't cook his meals, either; the chef does that.

Providing all this luxury is not cheap. Hemisphere has two engines, three generators and four air-conditioning compressors. When sufficient, it charms through 10 gallons of fuel a day (having a passage, it can have as much as 0.01. It makes its own fresh water, which is stored in a 2-hr. 1,250 gallon), using reverse osmosis. With decking fees, passage fees and maintenance costs, it all adds up to $3 million a year in maintenance. Charters defray about half the cost.

Dr. Marlen is done carrying the financial load. 'How old am I? Eighty-three?' he said. 'I do not want to leave my wife with that boat.'

Mr. Bladen cries not to think too far ahead. He has been working with a yacht designer to potentially build a new cutamanan, which, at 150 feet, would overshadow Hemisphere. Perhaps an adventurous purser will buy it and hire him as captain. But whatever happens, he will miss the Marlens. 'I won't have anybody so good as the family I've worked with,' he said.

Alvers, Hemisphere, which is among the world's biggest sailing yachts and has circumscribed the globe three times. Left, Capt. Gavin Bladen meeting Simon Ting, a yacht broker, aboard the boat. Below left from far left: laundry duties; the main cabin living area; and a wooden seepass that Mr. Bladen bought.

With just about his whole life on the boat, 'it's 100 percent the cost of a chapter.'

Above from left: dolphins between the halls of the sailing cutamanan; the boat in Santa Monica bay in southern Corsica, France; and Mr. Bladen at his desk in his cabin. Mr. Bladen overuse the design and construction of Hemisphere and has lived aboard it since 2011.

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12 | SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SCIENCE LAB

RAINFOREST REELUSE

New species of monkey finally comes into focus

Blurry photos are often held up as supposed evidence of elusive creatures like Nenna and Bigfoot. But the subject of a fuzzy photo taken nearly two decades ago in remote forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo — a strange, strange-faced monkey — has turned out to be the real deal. Now, it has been recognized as a new species, only the fifth new African monkey described in 53 years.

In 2008, researchers from the Lukuru Wildlife Research Foundation spotted an unusual monkey high in the tewages of a rainforest now part of Loniami National Park. But the photo they snapped was blurry.

“No one paid attention,” said Jamie D. Amboko, a Ph.D. student at Florida Atlantic University.

A decade later, another team took a photo of a monkey with shaggy black hair and an orange patch around its nose and mouth. They shared the photos with Mr. Amboko and John Hart, the foundation’s scientific director.

The researchers established a project, funded in part by the National Geographic Society in Washington, to find the primate. They surveyed the park and its surrounding area, and interviewed residents of 32 villages. Despite at night of them recognized the orange-rimmed monkey. Those from the Bulanga ethnic group called it Likweli. The monkeys are constructed to a small area in northeastern Congo, which helps explain why they’re so poorly known. “They’re also kind of shy,” Mr. Amboko said. KATE GOLDENBROOK

BUT NO DWIN TRUMKS

This robot has wings

With a flap of its wings, something resembling a bird dives into the water, swims around and soars back into the skies. But it’s not a bird; it’s a robot. And the researchers who created it think it could help study ocean habitats.

For years, scientists have hoped to emulate the movements of diving birds, such as puffins, to create machines that can dip in and out of the water. Such robots could help researchers monitor marine ecosystems, without chartering a research vessel or deploying underwater equipment.

But creating a robot that is as capable in the water as in the sky is a challenge. Now, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have created a waterproof winged robot with all the right moves, according to a study in the journal Science. (At left, a motion-sequence shot of the robot at work.)

A team led by Raphael Zufferey, a mechanical engineer at M.I.T. and the lead author of the study, turned to the nearly 100 species of birds that find food by diving into the water, including puffins, kingfishers and murrelets. They analyzed data about the birds’

“The benefit of using birds as models is that they successfully perform behaviors robots are bad at or not capable of,” said David Lentink, an engineer and biologist in the Netherlands, who was not involved in the study.

The researchers then started working on the design, using carbon fiber, waterproof electronics and other materials to build something that could fly and dive without getting waterlogged. Then, the challenge was getting their creation to leave the water. To collect data on coastal habitats or water quality, it had to be able to both enter and exit the water.

After the researchers altered the flight angle and streamlined the body proportions, the robot was able to emerge from the water. They envision many future uses, including the collection of water samples near harmful algal blooms and the video recording of endangered marine mammals.

Outside the lab, it is estimated that the robot might be able to fly as far as four miles (about six kilometers) with its current motor and materials. Dr. Zufferey hopes the robot will eventually be able to go farther. R.R. CALLAWAY

APPOINTING RESEARCH

You think your cat is being nice? Maybe not.

Mutual grooming, called allogrooming, is widespread in the animal kingdom and found in primates, birds, horses and even insects. The grooming is typically focused on parts of the body that are difficult for an animal to reach an its own, making the behavior an act of kindness that supports social bonding and wins friends.

Cats that lick each other have also been considered an indicator of social bonding.

“So far, mutual grooming in cats has been categorized as affiliative, or ‘friendly’ cat behavior,” said Noema Gajibo Kimeowa, a cat behavioural scientist at Chest University in Belgium and an author of the new study.

Or as we thought. Researchers in Europe asked 53 households with two or more cats to submit videos of the animals’ interactions. The

scientists randomly selected a video from each participant and tried to tease apart the hidden nuance in cat-ficking behavior.

The results revealed two scenarios. In the first, the cats were much more likely to mimic each other’s postures, either cuddling or sitting side by side before and after grooming. The ticks were clearly friendly gestures.

In the second, the licking often preceded conflict. In these interactions, one cat might stand and lick a sitting cat. The licks were followed by signs of stress in the licked cat, including staring, yowling or weping at the other cat. The unwanted licks might be an easy way to jab at another cat without getting into a fight. While a scuffle could result in injury, an irritating lick might be a safer way to tell your furry: “friend” to get lost. GUILLOP MITCHELL BROWN

“If the interstellar medium is capable of forming these ingredients, it could also be found in other molecular clouds across the galaxy, enhancing the chances for life to develop elsewhere.”

Issakun Jiménez-Serra, an astronomical at the Center for Astrobiology in Spain, on the detection of a sugar molecule in deep space

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2008 | 13

Sports

The Thunder are chipping away at their core

Analysis

BY FRED KATZ

The Oklahoma City Thunder have no qualife with the N.B.A.'s second apron. Their cost-cutting summer was just that — cost-cutting.

Trading away three rotation players, including Greg La Dort, for a male made in second-round picks was not a basketball strategy.

It was, as the team's general manager, Sam Preeti, said recently, a move to turn money.

'This was a financial decision,' Preeti told The Oklahoma. 'The impression I have been given is that the savings generated this summer, and from being out of the inn the last second years, will be reallocated to future teams. Along with other men, well-determined revenue streams, this will allow us to trade more basketball-related decisions over the next several years.'

The second apron, a payroll threshold for above the luxury tax, has garnered attention since its inception in 2023 because of the strategic repercussions that came with gangs and are the keypans the second apron, and a team loses its ability to execute most types of trades and most kinds of free-agent signings. Dealing Dort to the Atlanta Hawks dropped the Thunder's 2018-27 payroll below the $200.7 billions will end-agoes threefold.

But the Thunder, who remain $11 million above the luxury tax line, did not trade Dort, Aaron Wiggins and Isaiah for because the second-apron center building restrictions soared them. In the bugger's third smallest number, the team owner Clay Bennett is sticking to a budget. And losing three players who helped support a contender in the management of it.

Only 12 months ago, the Thunder started the day's in three trophy. They returned to 2023-26 with another chance at a title, falling short in a Western Conference finish that challenged their depth. Wing Jalen Williams missed much of the season with hamstring injuries. App: Mitchell, the sixth man, was hanged up come the place.

The New Oklahoma City has stopped away at the depth it had rolled upon.

Wiggins, 27, is off to the Hawks for a second-round picks and no salary in return. As, 27, is headed to the Detroit Pirates for a couple of second-rounders, as well, said no salary in return, and Oklahoma City agreed to trade Dort, 27, who often guarded the other team's best player, to the Hawks for three second-rounders and, of

After having the N.B.A.'s best regular-season record the past two seasons, Oklahoma City traded Aaron Wiggins (25) and La Dort (2) to the Atlanta Hawks. Right, Sam Preeti, the Thunder's general manager, said he still expected the team to extend for the title.

course, no salary in return.

This is not the type of trimming that other franchises in the same payroll strontophore have undergone in recent seasons. It's not the Phoenix from docking the second apron after proving they weren't good enough to contend, hoping a seven of transactions would save money and could the restrictions of the N.B.A.'s most feared payroll threshold.

Oklahoma City was the game last season while also putting one of the greatest point differentials ever, plus 0.1 per 100 possessions. It was a few chances away from a second consecutive trip to the N.B.A. finals.

These moves were about money in the short term, and down the line. 'We have a team that is capable of contention,' Preeti told The Oklahomans. 'And as I understand it, the decisions this summer have positioned so financially to maintain a team of

this caliber.'

That turns the spotlight to three players whose salaries are bound to increase taxes. Came Wallace, Jamel McCain and Mitchell.

Wallace, 22, a defensive nominee who becomes increasingly important for Dort gone, is eligible for an extension this summer. His new contract would kick in for the 2027-28 season. If he does not extend, he will become a restricted free agent after the coming season.

McCain, 22, a guard where the Thunder traded for this winter, is a year behind Wallace's timeline, about to enter his third N.B.A. season. Next summer, he will become eligible for an extension that would start in 2028-29.

Mitchell, 24, is the most interesting case of the three. A former second-round pick who thrived in a vital bench role in just his second pro season, he is on one of the bugger's most team-

friendly contracts. He is set to make $13 million in 2028-27, with a $3.9 million team option for the next year. The Thunder have three paths to retain him long term. They could reap the benefits of his cheap salary for the

next two seasons, wait until he hits free agency in 2028, and re-sign him then. They could decline his team option next summer and allow him to become a restricted free agent. This strategy

would balance Mitchell's salary a year earlier but could also allow for a competition. To be paid sooner, Mitchell would agree to a lower average annual value on the contract than if he wanted the extra year. The Thunder successfully pulled this off with Joe and Wiggins, signing both in below-market contracts two summers ago.

They could also pick up the team option on Mitchell, then extend him for up to the average player's salary.

Whatever option they choose, the price for Mitchell will increase drastically. The name will be won for Wallace, who did onto all-defense last season, and for McCain, who fit in immensely after arriving in Oklahoma City.

Even without those errors, the Thunder are filled with high-salaried players moving forward. The man contracts the

'As I understand it, the decisions this summer have positioned so financially to maintain a team of this caliber.'

projected $60.6 million, Isaiah Hartswain, co-signed this calendar, will make about $25 million for the next three seasons. Alex Carson is in the range of $34 million for the same amount of time.

In 2017-18, Williams, Bolognes, Gilgerson-Alexander, Hartswain, Carson, the 2028-29 first-round picks Andy Males and Bennett Hirtz, and McCain will combine to make $213 million, $2 million above the projected luxury tax and only about $13 million short of the second apron. That's just eight players.

It does not include team options on a couple of recent draft picks, Thomas Sarber or Tobias Sapie. It does not include a $17 million team option on Jayne Williams, one of the bugger's most reliable backup log men. It does not include Mitchell, who could make a cheap salary in 2027-28 or could receive a raise if the Thunder were to decline his team option. It does not include Wallace, whose new contract will hit the banks by then. Gross for going into the market, the annual salary alone could push past $23 million and limit the Thunder into the second apron.

But, as Preeti said, the front office has no strategic issue with heading into that territory, especially not if the team remains a contender, as is expected. The decisions in official Dort, Wiggins and Joe were financial ones that weaken the current day routes. Now, the Thunder will hope they pay off in the long run.

The Mini Crossword

• ACROSS
• 1 Coffee check before bed
• 4 Rewaring bag?
• 7 California's most valuable crop, just being edging out grapes
• 8 Pill board
• 9 Bank of a soccer gun
• 10 Cowdolly thought (over)
• 12 Boat sparks

• 13 Something that might end after 'Pencils down!'

• DOWN

• 1 Hemisphere at the end of a series
• 2 Green flims
• 3 Film festival with the Plains d'Or
• 4 No...sugar (product claim)
• 5 Spread
• 6 Anthropo's A.I. assistant
• 7 Own cars
• 11 Back muscle, for short

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE

1	1	1	1
2	2	2	2
3	3	3	3
4	4	4	4
5	5	5	5

Two Not Touch

Put two stars in each row, column and region of the grid. No two stars may touch, not even diagonally.
Courtesy of 2023-26 New York Times, Inc.

Wit Twister

A blessed garden in the Book of Genesis,

Lush ... with figs and ferns and leafy plants,

Which come in handy when a snake, with artifice,

Drops in, and everybody ... to put on parts.

KenKen

Fill the grid with digits as as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6.

For more games: www.nytimes.com/games

NUTRITION is a registered trademark of the New York Times. Copyright © 2008 by the New York Times. All rights reserved.

Complete the sense with words that are daughters of each other. Each underline represents a letter.
NUTRITION is a registered trademark of the New York Times, Inc.

FESTIVAL—A MARKER

Crossword | Edited by Will Shortz

• ACROSS
• 1 DeCruise?
• 10 Some radio campaigns, in brief
• 14 Notions
• 18 So called 'Island of a Thousand Temples'
• 17 Festival at the center of the classic novel 'Under the Volcano'
• 19 Marching band?
• 20 21 time Emmy nominee for 'All My Children'
• 21 Add color to, perhaps
• 22 Stomp amounts
• 23 Unit on the softshifts, top/ side
• 24 Key, summers, for short
• 25 Witchableville
• 27 Stop the same clothes, in-slang
• 28 Wardwash driven toy, for short
• 29 Field whose prospects are looking up!
• 30 Like the 2003 Peace Scientist Steve Epstein

• 31 Some prominent Mexico City, murals

• 32 Refresher electronic who, at a hotly, was fed by 17,913 rivals, 'for it was impossible to find a nurse sufficient for free or all the country'

• 33 Eateries setting for Benton's Choice of Saint Peter
• 34 Earn on
• 35 C-section sections
• 36 Menopause treatment option in brief
• 37 Lot of hot polyps
• 38 Base unit
• 39 Scorettes, in modern patterns
• 40 Ears andines love interest on 'The Other'
• 41 Allow for a greenness at Westminster Abbey
• 42 Bounce
• 43 Festival a business obligation
• 44 'What ...?'
• 45 Upon turning, blockbills speaking

ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE

1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7
8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8
9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9
10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10

• DOWN
• 1 Frank Costanini's Black Sentinel, 4.g.
• 2 Precipitous!
• 3 Source of some classic rock bands
• 4 Bimodal
• 5 Part of a giggle
• 6 Choose surreal after a Prostate Span near the Baltic coast
• 7 Result of lost service, maybe
• 8 Dots down
• 9 Ancient text whose Sanskrit style means 'Theigrabs of Love'
• 10 Opposite of solidarity
• 11 A little of this and that
• 12 Group of like-minded individuals

• 13 Enthusiastic approval abroad

• 14 Angry

• 15 Shacklemen, for his first eight seasons in the N.B.A.
• 16 Bugling game
• 17 Don'ts lurred in the 1st and 2nd of the Rings'
• 18 But light distinct!
• 19 Angles (dancing)
• 20 Dancing appointed successor of Muhammad, in Shia Islam
• 21 The Big Board of Wall St
• 22 Capital on the mouth of the Dragons River
• 23 Listing roll
• 24 Alternatives to some writing
• 25 Showed up earlier than
• 26 Egg maker

• 27 'Your choice'

• 28 Scavenger, for example

• 29 Samy response to a put down
• 30 Pearl parts, debut album, which won't 1.3x platinum
• 31 Dinners in dies
• 32 Life (Muslim巡回賽)
• 33 Manuscript marks
• 34 Split repair to one wider per square meter
• 35 Fictional maker of Rockies
• 36 General-Patier Skates and Dehydrated Meadows
• 37 Participant in shotgun
• 38 'Kapoor'
• 39 Snack vs a sack for a backpack
• 40 Deli selection

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14 | SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Weekend

Inside the Royal Theater of Rabat, in Morocco, designed by the architect Zaha Hadid. Between, a view of the ball with opera leaves fragmented time trances, calling to mind a gentle.

RABAT, MOROCCO

BY JOSEPH CONNANNO

Before the curtain rises, Morocco's new Royal Theater of Rabat by the architect Zaha Hadid suspends disbelief. The theater, on the banks of the Ben Regrep River, has a design that emerges like a wave, swelling and crewing over recital balls before dropping down to an entrance that opens into lobbies that evoke canyons. Cross-coming, Obbedike stairways climb four-story cliffs. Opera leaves overlook on auditorium that resembles a gentle. The iconography is not just strategic.

In the design of her career before her death in 2010, Hadid, the Iraqi-British architect, designed the Royal Theater, which includes nature and natural stapes, as the culmination in a body of work whose technological sophistication allowed her to make a high-tech building look like an ocean sculpted by Morocco.

In the last decade of her practice, she sought what she called 'ultimate movement and flashes' Digital technology was liberating Hadid, the first woman to win the Frontier Architecture Prize, and her close colleague at the firm, Patrik Schumacher, from the geometry book and the cold group of buildings that took the steel-and-glass machines.

In 2010, King Mohammed VI of Morocco personally termed Hadid at her London-based hire in design the theater in Rabat, the capital. Disappeared that her total competition concept for a theater in Candelaria had lost to the French architect Christian Le Pencanquier, the king wanted Hadid to build her original design in Rabat. Hadid persuaded him to start fresh with a building tailored to the new site, a river valley between Rabat and its twin city, said:

FOR HURIS, THE INFLUENCE: sung a very loud and unpleasant bell. Twenty years before in Wales, she did not receive the same royal welcome. In what would have been a career-making project, the 45-year-old architect won, then lost, and then in another small won and lost again, a competition for the Cardiff Opera House. The front-page drama raised questions about style and prejudice. The crystalline, angular building was criticized for being humanously deconstructed. The design may have been the canary in the cast mine bestselling Bercle. A country keen on heritage was rejecting an Iraqi-born female immigrant bringing a cosmopolitan design to a preclinical city. Hadid took the rejection personally, citing 'resistance and prejudice' like phone-stopped ringing, the considered leaving the country.

The Cardiff Bay story was one of the great traumas of her career, and one small are this semi-professional building in Rabat as a kind of triangular justification,' said Deyan Sudja, a former director of the Design Museum in London. In Rabat, Zaha could look back with schubrishnads.

On April 23, Lalla Khudiya, the king's daughter, and Lalla Maryam and Lalla Huma, his sisters, inaugurated the building in the rural bed, where they were joined by France's first lady, Brigitte Maroni. A program of Tchaikovsky, Verdi, Arab-Adulshahan songs and Driss El Mahmiri, an oral master performing his own compositions, put the ball through its acoustic pieces, signaling the theater's policy of showcasing Morocco's musical traditions along with an international repertoire.

The culminating project of a design visionary

The Royal Theater of Rabat was a homecoming to a world Zaha Hadid loved. The building could cement her legacy as a trailblazer.

MOROCCO (6 TIMES): for its crafted Moutab architecture — intricate plaster work, dazzling structure, hypnotic geometric decoration. But the country that the inaugural program calls 'rivalently forward-looking' is now wired for the 21st century. Advanced three-dimensional design and construction software put to use by sophisticated contractors made the flexibility difficult curves of the theater forcible.

The software has allowed architects to conserve buildings with the complexity of clouds, mountains and mountains. Software also enabled the architects to devise a new kind of 'brick' — points of glass fiber-whitened concrete that can be enabled like the body of a boat. (It corrected for this more time-ending Rabat's 2010 opera house in Guangzhou, China, which did not conform to the real shelf's curvature. Some files detached.)

The Ben Regrep River, flowing into

the Atlantic Ocean, is told. It reverses flow. A thin wave at the southeast end of the Royal Theater rises from what had been marshland and wilson, swells and then splits. The dominant wave peaks over the 1,000-seat auditorium and its fly tower before subsiding toward the main entrance, where it encounters another swell. The audience enters the building through this turbulence. 'Zaha's early sketches show the movement of the water around the building affecting its shape,' said Nils Fischer, project director on the theater.

'My jaw dropped,' said Anna Glass, executive director of the House Theater of Harlem, based in New York, when she saw it at the opening. 'It takes your breath away, like the heart-stopping feeling you get on a roller coaster for the first time. Then certainly draws you in.'

The job of concert balls and opera houses is to wrap music in a soundproof

'It takes your breath away, like the heart-stopping feeling you get on a roller coaster for the first time.'

Left, the theater, along the Ben Regrep River, shows, Hadid, who died in 2010. She was invited to design the theater by King Mohammed VI of Morocco, and originally walked the site in 2010. Building began in 2014 and the theater was inaugurated in April.

concision. Hadid built not just a container but an architectural performance. Visitors enter under a breaking wave, like surface shading a tunnel. A river promenade runs through the interior, from the entrance through design rapids in tall canyons, then down to a 1,000-seat open-air auditorium adjacent to the river.

Everything curves or leans. Only the right angle of an occasional stainless-steel espresso machine perched an scrambled barn breaks the spell of flowing topographies. One's body is immersed in sensations often provoked by nature.

'I kicked the iron on the building to see if it works,' said Alex Poon, artistic director of the third in New York, who also attended the opening. 'Goneons' wings, depth behind the stage, storage for equipment, a beautiful green room, completely wonderful sensation.'

ALMOST AS WIDE: as it is deep, the horseshoe-shaped hall is designed for intimacy. 'When you're outrage, that horseshoe seating gives you the feeling of being enveloped by the audience — hugged,' said Glass, whose troupe will be performing in the theater's first hall behind this hall. 'I suspect the dancers are going to be showing off because they'll want to give back what they feel they're receiving.'

Hadid, with Schumacher and Fischer, originally walked the site in 2010, and building began in 2014. Construction was completed in 2015. Five years after her death, Though posthumous, 'it's certainly an authentic Zaha building and a reminder of how strong an architect she really was,' Hadid said. The contractor's pandemic postponed the opening that was then further delayed by supply chain shortages of theatrical equipment, and delayed again by the disastrous 2010 earthquake in northern Morocco. Shethacked until its opening this spring, the Royal Theater has been a subject of great curiosity as citizens. HALFIE, PAGE 27

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2008 | 15

STYLE

WEEKEND

A titan of luxury softens his image

Bernard Arnault of LVMH wins applause for 'sassy' open letter on social media

BY VANESSA FRIEDMAN

For the past three years, Bernard Arnault, mastermind and chairman of LVMH, owner of Dow, Louis Vuitton and Tiffany, architect of the modern luxury industry and its successes, were seen in the world (currently No. 10), has been quietly making an effort to soften his image. Or at least round it out, the better is offer an alternative to the narrative that paints him as a capacious capitalist and regulator of family-run heritage companies, famous for wringing gently creative spirits dry.

He spent hundreds of millions of dollars on the Fondation Louis Vuitton, the museum in the Bois de Boulogne that will become a gift to Paris, and underworn the Paris Olympics. He has begun emphasizing his interest in times to pass, and the hundreds of thousands of people he employs. He has even done the occasional interview. All in not much avail.

When his name was mentioned, it was still attached to words like 'cold,' 'collens' and 'rescindable' not to mention the俱乐部 'the well in cadences,' 'the Termination' and 'the Machiavelli of finance.'

Well, it turned out all he really needed was on X.

Or rather, all he really needed was a somewhat self-deprecating three-page open letter titled 'thank you' that the LVMH press office posted on X. The letter was his response to a six-part investigative series by the newspaper Le Monde that focused on his family, his five children and succession planning, his relationship to politicians, his business strategy and so on.

In it, rather than accuse the reporters of errors, he simply made fun of what

had been presented as certain telling details (the idea that he made visitors who showed up with farmers too change their clothes, the true figures of all his employees, his family meals). The effect was to transform them from guiche moments into barba moments, and showcase a quality that no one had ever really associated with Arnault before, at least not publicly: a sense of humor. And the effect of that was to transform Arnault, almost overnight, from an empire-minded animation into a valuable human being.

To date the past, which went live on July 30, has been viewed nearly eight million times. It has been applauded by an diverse a group in Bill Alderson, the billionaire hedge-food manager and activist investor, who encouraged his followers to read it. Nathan Zahner, the British politician and former chancellor of the Exchequer, who called it 'a tour de force', and Louis Pizzen, the cultural critic/industry watchdog, who called it 'sassy'.

It has made Arnault a hero, at least momentarily, of the Transworld mas-

ters of the universe (or would-be masters of the universe), who cheered on his emphasis at the media, and hunkers' social media clustering class — two other chambers that normally have nothing to do with each other.

The reaction was so interpreted that Arnault did an even more uncharacteristic thing. He made his defeat on X on July 27, at age 77, with a note to all of the people who liked or expected or otherwise helped platform his letter. 'I was deeply touched by the many messages you saw me following my open letter to Le Monde,' he wrote. 'I wanted to thank each and every one of you, directly and personally, here on X.' That one has been viewed more than 11.5 million times.

According to Antoine Arnault, the LVMH board of image (a position created in 2005 specifically to address the issues of public perception) and Bernard Arnault's editor son, the letter was entirely his father's idea, as was posing X.

It certainly marks a shift in approach for the executive, who in the past rarely responded to criticism or contempt — at least allows it came from a business opponent in the middle of an acquisition fight. It seemed even more personal than a 50-plus-minute interview for the podcast 'Legend' released at the beginning of last month in which Arnault occasionally laughed and otherwise let his metaphoric hair down.

And in that way he is known for luxury, a universe built on the twin poles of my clique and control and a reluctance to let anyone see behind the velvet curtain. By revealing an ability to laugh at himself in a somewhat nearby, made for the internet way, rather than simply go on the formal attack, Arnault let his feelings close. He also got a little money.

Most has traditionally been a quality inordinately avoided by the luxury world. But there is clearly a line that between the perception of magic and the feeling of manipulation, and fashion consumers have begun to sense more of the latter in their interactions with brands and the people who make them. The nature should, and a backlash has been knowing. The industry itself may be in need of some image rehab. It should take now.

Bernard Arnault, mastermind and chairman of LVMH, has sought to offer an alternative to the narrative that paints him as a capacious capitalist. In the past, he rarely responded to criticism, but a self-deprecating open letter posted on social media helped prevent him as a valuable human being. Clichéine from top: Arnault in Paris; at a Louis Vuitton men's wear shoes; and, at a more, with his family.

Loafers that think they're scrunchies

BY JACOB GALLAGHER

These shoes look like your lips after you've eaten an entire bag of Sour Peach Kids.

Known as the rucked (or puckered or scrunchy) loafers, they look like a standard little loafers until you hit the toe, which wrinkles like a shirt in need of zoning. Go into any boutique where the sales people are cry and the cashmere smokers start at four figures and you'll find these shoes, their rucked toes jutting from the shelves.

'It's kind of like the shoe toned of the era,' said Jan DeLeon, the much-holden director at Nandorion.

Tom Ford's rucked slip-ons run to $1,200. Saint Laurent offers them in glossy leather and tan inside and even makes one with a collapsible best. (Two unshakable shoe trends in one!) There are versions for men and women, evidence of eroding gender built their to-tan hair even market. All of these rucked-toed shoes seem, at first search, to cost more than $1,000.

The flow is the agreed-open originator of the scrunched toe. Its $1,200 Soft Loafers, which it introduced several years ago, has a toe that sits with an angular tilt, casting all that puckering to balle.

'It was great when the flow came out with it 10 years ago,' said Rocky Malatsky, who writes the popular shopping newsletter 'I Things You Should Say'. Malatsky's hyperable diamond aside, the shoes continue to roll well. The Soft Loafers in brown red leather is sold out to all women's sizes on the floor's website.

Still, I can see also why Malatsky would dismiss these shoes. They have become a component in the male mart-

er pack of people who dress in a way that is informed by and that mindwives, what is deemed 'said' to online fashion communities like those on Sabotack. They symbolize that you're so thorough, so attentive to each piece of clear outfit, that even your healers must be built differently. And that you'll pay to make it so.

But, really, what is it about the wrinkly toe that evidently makes the cost worth it? DeLeon offered that the puckering was the shoe equivalent of scrunching up your shirt/sleeves. It leads 'a bit of drama and visual interest in something with white quantities,' he said.

I think there's something to that. The scratch reflects a casualness, an openness to imperfections that shoppers find appealing. These loafers say, 'I'm sustainable — you couldn't polish me if you tried!' (Maybe you could with a

outpatient levels, but it sure would be time-consuming.) They're of a piece with a moment in fashion that has wedged the door open to clothes that are knowingly a bit off — a moment in which rugged jeans have once more reared their head and polarizing coiffers are back.

DeLeon had another theory: The puckering is a marker of luxury, a sign that a label has the technical know-how to create these creases without crumbling the shoe's front.

It is, he said, 'a bit of a bonus cost because of how hard it must be to achieve the perfect gathered effect of the flow loafers.' In turn, it allows shoppers to think that the shoe is so well crafted that it has to be worth the money.

This theory falters when you prefer more deeply. Or when you watch, as I did, TikTales that recommend alterna-

The scratch reflects a casualness, an openness to imperfections that shoppers find appealing. Clichéine from above: Chand's puckery loafers; Tom Ford's scrunched style; and Saint Laurent's creased toe.

tives. (When a shoe that sells for more than $1,000 becomes popular, you can bet that there will be a fervent discussion online of where to get the look for less.)

The best I choked upon was the $210 version from Arora, a label I had never heard of. In shape and scratch, the shoe appears identical to the floor's version. I sent it to a colleague who agreed: 'Totally indistinguishable,' she wrote. I did not buy the shoes, and I laughed that won't be on the, the leather would best lose tone and the puckering would be less precise. But on my laptop screen, they sure looked close. And for many shoppers today, that's all that matters, isn't it?

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16 | SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2020

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

WEEKEND

BOOKS

Warning: Long-term life means not needed

BOOK REVIEW

Bishagical War: A Seawater

By Avon Jacobson, Dutton. 406 pp. $22

BY DWIGHT GARDER

Annie Jacobson writes what are sometimes referred to as dad books. More justified nuclear war, the C.I.A., Area H, that constitute — dad-book topics all. Military histories fall to this category, as do biographers of the founding fathers and anything by Ann Mauchart or Walter Isaacson or Ron Chernow. Some dad books are first-rate. More often their authors remind you of lawmakers who threw themselves on a pile of hidden king after the play has been whimled dead.

The previous paragraph surely accepted some readers. I know this because I can recall being assayed, a decade or more ago, when callers youths began referring to some of the giants I liked (Who, etc.) as dad rock. This fight is downtrodle. All you can do is hope to be around to watch your children suffer when Chark NCX is filed under M, for mass rock.

In other words, I felt vaguely scared, as if I were an avian-glasses-wearing. The Clancy show, when I carried Jacobson's new book, 'Bishagical War: A Seawater,' around with me through New York City's news literate ZIP, says: 'I really crippled caring. This book moves like a science: On the side way, while containing it, I have paid my ship and then they paid a few more. I passed to my reading only to become a few from the dad hummert. But Illinois, Jr., to wipe off the sweat, 'Bishagical War,' is a bounty act of the book, about contagious and potentially collusion-coding pathogens. Though banned by international treaty, these germs have been weaponized and handled by the service that was the first time of the United States and Syria. By 'weaponized' I don't mean, merely that they've been placed at the town level of ballistic mission. I mean that these pathogens have been genetically engineered, in diabolical ways, to risk first responders and be all but untreatable. Even a small out-

derial spill, like wire clashing out of glass, the Covid slipping out of a tub, could be the last mistake our species makes.

Jacobson has interviewed everyone, from former high-ranking members of the military, the C.I.A., the Federal Emergency Management Agency and NATO to former secretaries of defense, counterterrorism experts, epidemiologists and Sam Jaspilevich Altman. That so many were willing to talk to her, and how their names affixed to this book, indicates the number in which she is held, especially after the publication of 'Nuclear War: A Seawater' (2001), a best seller that stirred new interest in nuclear policy, technology and state worldwide.

The reason 'Bishagical War' is in connoisseurism is that she packs a lot of dense and particulate information into a ticking-clock scenario: into a story. It's more pulverizing than a Kathryn Bigelow movie. Some of the chapter headings are phrases like 'Stay Two'

Later, the suffering begins. Bubbly pink sputum, backed up bits of lung, 'bestial noises.'

or 'Stay Three,' but to rule your mind, the 'Stay Six' is about as far as cold, unlive gum. A later chapter is titled 'The Last Day of American Democracy.'

Later is the scenario in 'Bishagical War.' There is an accidental explosion in a research lab in Siberia, where nightmares germs are not investigated. The explosion is caught by United States satellites and other intelligence sources, and early word begins to plug around governmental agencies. And a pathogen-recuper-

the begin to realically move between the White House situation route; the C.I.A. headquarters in Langley, Va.; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, New Britain; the World Health Organization headquarters in Geneva; a Navy destroyer; bunker's beneath the Pentagon; and elsewhere.

Much of what is gripping are the exacting details of strategic and moral decisions that must be quickly made.

There are playbooks for these sorts of things, and Jacobson discloses their contents.

'Bishagical War' is fast based except for Jacobson's assumption that we believe have experience, knowledge, integrity and empathy.

If we must all get rich, this version of events is better than one in which, as it isn't terribly hard to imagine, the president volunteers to ride a rider down to earth as if it were a backing bronze, as Miss Polanov's character does in 'Dr. Straupinov,' whooping and ever-strucking the whole way.

Back in Siberia, the scientist who caused the explosion knows he's about to graze a man's hand and gave us confusion, inferring several people, and then into the woods to control suicide: the collapses before he can do so. A group of wealthy families, people upon loss, and one fruitlessly gives him mouth-to-mouth resuscitation before later boarding an international flight. We are all and coming.

The only way to fight plague, Albert Camus told us, is with decency. The Secret people in 'Bishagical War' are among the first to perish, that young man, infected on a flight, does just know work on. Los Angeles's coming third floor. The resulting mass television initially blamed on that things. Enstitutes move into chaos.

These rents are only one sign that the world is causing unstimulus. Another is the manner of small north-bound boats fleeing Atari and South America. What are the ethics of stopping them stalemate? Because Russia, in this account, is incorrect to the point of being arrived evil, and because no one is now anything escaped from the lab in Siberia, it takes time for the authorities to put the pieces of this unlucky nightmare together.

The television killer this book describes, I am sorry to say, exists. It's been I referred to as a distance pathogen, alive and airborne, a bombs-trapped hybrid of two or more viruses. In this case, the selected person first experiences a long wave of explosion, of the sort that makes one want to read out and dance with somebody.

Later, the suffering begins. Bubbly pink sputum, backed up bits of lung, 'bestial noises,' switches an airplane's attention for dirty diapers.

This pathogen is engineered to destroy even in medicine. If a patient is given antibiotics — those would barely help anyway — the disease mutines into a form of deadly encephalitis. There's no heating this devil.

As Jacobson moves forward, she includes small, dark blunders of things like the plague, the creation of Stanford University in 1971 of recombinant DNA, Elwin outbreaks, the importance of knowledgeable Soviet defectors, and a few gains known as Dark Wives. The media the story of Aulia Sidkijou, the ravenized Queda terrorist who trained as a biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, worked for Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, the mastermost of U.S., and planned mass-provided fire-attacks.

'Bishagical War' is ultimately about the this first that separates order and anarchy. It's about the things people will do when their families from are at stake. That this story is almost entirely related to direct, formal power, as if not paragraphes were by fluorescent government lighting, adds to its chilling effect.

Russell Baker, the longtime New York Times opinion columnist, once wrote that the apocalypse might be bearable so long as Walter Costello was broadcasting it. At least that I have his mother list. She always flipped to CBS in a crisis.

Bren Russian-state television still play 'From Lake' on a series of TV shows, 'I am supposed to be a cigarette that suggests the last voice we'll hear will probably belong to a popular hunting influence, maybe not a model, engaging through the chaos, broadcasting, or what's left of the internet. No sugar-beaver has at the corner of the smudged screen.

From the Podcast

Jill Lapeer

The United States is celebrating the 2020 birthday this year, giving Americans a choice to reflect on the nation's past and imagine its future. Who better to help us make sense of the moment than Jill Lapeer? The Podcast 'Provening histories, longtime staff writer of The New Yorker and author of 'We the People: A History of the U.S. Constitution' joined the 'Book Review' podcast recently to recommend some reading for the occasion. This excerpt has been condensed and edited.

You've talked about national environment as a yardstick, a way of measuring whether America has lived up to the country's founding status. And I've wondering if — looking at our previous celebrations, the Centennial, the Bicentennial — do we come up about every time? Do we find that an ideal is just that, something that can never be achieved?

That's an interesting article. It's sort of a 'nation half-hill, nation-half empty' opinion, periamine. At each of those moments, there's been much to celebrate and reach to theory as unfinished. If we just kind of work through them, I think each of these occasions is reflective of the national mood at the time, to the degree that such a thing can be held to exist.

The Centennial in 1876 was really quite an extraordinary account of Basips. There was this giant Centennial exhibition in Philadelphia, framed as a celebration of American progress — by which was meant technological progress and also the expansion of

white settlement across the continent, so Manifest Destiny. And that celebration really popped over what many of the time, including Frederick Douglass, understood was the twenties of Reconstruction, which was taking place even as the Centennial Exposition was being held.

So you could look at it in those two different ways. Now, look at all the railroads we've had. Look at all the canvases we've built. Or you could look at it, well, we actually just betrayed what we fought the Civil War over, right. So you could take any of these occasions and see both sides.

We have asked you to recommend a few books to help us understand this moment. Could you run as through a few of them?

If you want to have a good, readable history of the Declaration of Independence, there are some fantastic books out there, but the one that I love best is Positive Master's 'American Scriptures,' learned a lot from that book when I read it at the time. Make was a fabulous historian.

I also suggest that people read a very new book by Marc Stein. I believe it's simply called 'Ecumenical' Stein is a 20th-century American historian, and he wrote an account of the Bicentennial in Philadelphia that situates it within this strictly illuminating pattern of urban renewal, and the struggle of a growing gay rights movement in Philadelphia to have a place on the stage for this celebration. These two factors are really important to Stein's storytelling that set the controversy over the Bicentennial within the kind of social and class politics of Philadelphia. Just a really ventilatory book to me.

I would say, true celebration. I read a lot more fiction and poetry than history.

You need something to take the edge off.

Absolutely. So, in answer to what book explains the moment, I thought of All Smith's 'Gift' 'Gift' is from 2018, and it's not even set in the United States. But it is a dyslexian near future in which a family wakes up to find that someone presumably working for the government but painted a red line around the perimeter of the building in which they live. And they immediately have to live. I love All Smith, and 'Gift' 'oh a lot more like the world that we live is now than the world I've seen written about in recent history books.'

The 'Book Review' podcast can be found at https://www.nytimes.com/books or through popular podcast apps.

THE SUNDAY CROSSWORD

Going for a Spin

Editor by Will Shott

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Seawater to people of age, 25-28

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2008 | 17

MUSIC

WEEKEND

An opera rooted in transitions

Tobias Picker tells the story of Lili Elbe, with a trans singer in the lead role

BY MAX KELLER

There are many events in many times that met "trans," Nates can be transformed, or rearranged. Cheeks can be transposed, or shifted up and down.

There are also titles of works like Richard Hixson's "Death and Transfiguration" and Arnold Schoenberg's "Transfigural Night".

When composing his opera "Lili Elbe," Tobias Picker drew open many of them in his real techniques. But the one most important to his score is "transition."

In "Lili Elbe" which is having its American premiere at the Santa Fe Opera in New York this weekend, the transitional passagez aren't just extensive, as they usually would be in an opera score. Edward Picker said, "transitional music becomes thematic music, and thematic music becomes transitional." This gives the work a propulsen, even changing interest.

Alison, Lili Elbe in an ambient photograph. Her story is also the subject of the 1851 film "The Danish Girl." Right, Roberto Balti rehearsing the orchestra for "Lili Elbe" as Picker looks on.

It's hitting that transitions would be so significant, what Picker called the structural theory of the opera. "Lili Elbe" is about a gender transition. The opera, with a life-style style in a Stalman, is based on the story of Lili Del Eirone, or Lili Elbe, a transgender man, as living in Paris in the 1930s. Lili's story is also the subject of "The Danish Girl" (1935), a film starring Eddie Robinson, based on David Eisenhoff's fictionalized account.

Elbe, a Danish landscape painter here (East Wigmore) was one of the earliest recipients of gender-affirming surgery. Lili (sung by the harbisse Lucia Lucas) was married to the artist Gerda Wigmore. He is soprano Sylvia D'Eirone, who often used her as a model. Like many stories that inspire operas,

Elbe's had a tragic ending. In 1931, at the "Evolution Women's Clinic in Germany, she had an experimental uterine transplant, which led to complications and her death.

For his dioreto, Stalman, who is Picker's husband as well as his collaborator, turned to primary sources, including Elbe's posthumously published memoir "Man Into Woman." Written in Danish, the memoir has three main translations — one in English, one in German. "They're all a little bit different," Stalman said. These inconsistencies, combined with Lili's tendency to exaggerate, made Stalman's task challenging.

His solution was to lose into myth, specifically the tale of Orpheus and Eurydice, which has a long tradition in opera. One of the various operas is Monrovia's "L'Orbe" and composers from black to other black to Matthew. Arcanis have written Orpheus opera in "Orpheus was the instrument of transition for Eurydice." Orpheus said, bringing her back from the underworld: "She was making a transition, from death into life."

"Lili Elbe" opera with a play within an opera — Lili and Gerda attend an Orpheus play with dissonant music in an early 20th-century style.

The myth doesn't stop non-issue onto this story. At different moments, Lili and Gerda each resemble Orpheus. In one score, Lili says, "Enter Wepener is out of the living airplanes." And while Orpheus looks back, Picker said, "Lili never hates back. Lili is always going forward."

Despite that, Lili still holds certain ideas of her time. She believes that to be a woman she must marry a man and

have children. "She creates her own dilemma," Picker said. "The conflict leads to the sequence of events that ends in her death."

The Santa Fe production of "Lili Elbe" comes 16 years after Picker's first opera, "Emmeline," premiered at Santa Fe. She is a small New England town, "Emmeline" is a retelling of her Stalman myth from the mother's point of view.

There are similarities between these operas' becomes: "They're both strong women who, at the end, make a choice, a liberal choice," Picker said.

"Emmeline" was praised for its tunefulness. Three days, Picker said, "I think of my music as being tonal adjacent." In "Lili Elbe," he added, "The music has fluidity. It seems easily between tonality

and non-tonality." Singable melodies still abound, including D'Ezrabi's aria "I See a Woman," which just easily get stuck in a dancer's head.

From the beginning, Picker had Lucas, a truce woman, in mind for the lead role. "What I hear in Lucia's voice is difficult to explain simply because it is an utterly unique," he said.

He met Lucas when he was casting a 2019 production of Mozart's "Don Giovanni" for "Don Opera in Oklahoma, where he was the artistic director. Lucas sang the title role.) He said he was immediately impressed by her "vocal power and artistic nuance."

Like Elbe, Lucas is a trailblazer. "When I came out, there weren't openly trans opera singers," she said. "I know

some people, a decade or two older than me, who were trans their entire life. They just come out after their career was done."

Lucas, who is married to the erstwhile Ariana Lucas, saw proceeds to her life in Elbe's story: "The way that I came out was at this opera like the 1915," she said. "My wife went wearing a Marlene Dietrich type purlo with a little top hat, and I was wearing a dress. People recognized my wife before they recognized me, and it was great to see their married."

A similar scene occurs in "Lili Elbe," when Lili attends a gallery opening in feminine attire. Some lines from the 8-terms, like "I'd marry you again," were even borrowed from Lucia's life.

We don't know what the historical Elbe's voice sounded like. In "Man Into Woman," Elbe says that after her orchestra (a procedure to renew one or both testicles), she developed a "surprise" voice, seemingly overnight, which makes for a good story, but would be a medical first.

"When instrumental becomes a dominant hormone, the voice can drop," Lucas said. "But it's just a one-way street." Nates don't as-drag though voice making and something called voice termination surgery can make them slightly higher.

Throughout the opera, Lucas's voice stays low, though she sings higher when Lili is overpaced or excited. "I never try to go into Saletta, but I do sort of a vote strain," she said, or "minut voice."

Lucas's involvement in "Lili Elbe" makes it perhaps the first large-scale opera about a transgender historical figure performed by a transgender singer. (She also serves as the production and making.) A pre-castex was Lucas dumbbell's chamber opera "As One."

Picker said that for the premiere, in Switzerland in 2011, and for the honourable future, he stipulated that the role of Lili Elbe had to be sung by a trans performer. Maybe at some point a cisgender person could do it, he said, "but the learning curve would be steep."

Picker, too, experienced a learning curve writing "Lili Elbe." Though he said he was familiar with the feeling of being outside the mainstream. "Being and having served as many as have in common," said Picker, who added that he had grown up gay and Jewish with Deacon's "acrobios."

"When we opened it in fall 2012, we thought, 'This opera is never going to be as relevant as it is right now.' Lucas said. But with man rights under attack, it feels especially lonely now."

Picker, though, emphasizes the opera's broad appeal: "I think the piece exists outside of time and current events. It's a story that anybody can relate to Marriage and divorce and falling in love and dying. These are universal themes." By focusing on "human emotions that needs to," Picker said, "is one of the things that 'Lili' does, in the piece sidesteps all over."

Left, Tobias Picker, the composer of "Lili Elbe," at the Santa Fe Opera in New York, where his work is making its American debut. (News, the soprano Sylvia D'Eirone, left, and Lucia Lucas, a harbisse.

"What I hear in Lucia's voice is difficult to explain simply because it is an utterly unique."

A fitting final act for Zaha Hadid

BABIR, PRIMFACE 16

and tourism stilled around the landmark at a rapid distance.

The 290,000-square-foot (27,000-square-seater), 1870 million building was sited diplomatically. "The theater acts as a connector of the two sides of the valley whose cities historically have been quite disconcerted," Picker said. The valley itself lies at the best of the acropolis where the masseteries of Mohammed VI's grandfather and Father Mohammed V and Hussain II, provides. (The king required that the theater's height not exceed that of the acropolis's plinth.)

Under Mohammed VI's vision, "the Royal Theater of Rabat reflects Moroccan's broader commitment to culture and the creative industries as drivers of development, while strengthening cultural exchange with Africa and the world." In an early 1960s and 1970s, the Royal Telegraph, Braham & Munnell, said, "It appears to be an international platform for Moroccan, Arabic and African music, dance and theater — and, yes, Western pop in order to 'Ties in Michael,' a her tribute show to Michael Jackson, on Oct. 29). As part of the wider initiative, a ma-

jer Pan-African cultural center, the Museum of the Continent, is now under construction in central Rabat.

The Royal Theater plays a group of spectacle moments the Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Moutouh Ellison in Spain, and opens heaven in Oslo and Sydney, that position these cities as cultural destinations. In terms of these critical mass, according to its director, it is one of the largest performing arts complexes in Africa and the Middle East.

"This will be the first time the Dance

Company of Harlem has been back to the continent since the 70s, when we performed in South Africa at the request of Nelson Mandela," Gehry said. "We all understand the significance of this theatre, both in Morocco and the continent." For Hadid — who studied mathematics at the American University in Bristol, Lebanon, and lived in the Iraqi diaspora her entire adult life, after vacationing to Morocco — the project was a cultural homecoming. Despite early fame starting in the late 1980s, it wasn't until after

the millennium, with a Pritzker under her belt and successful projects in China, that Arab countries offered her major concessions. The Arab Spring, however, stopped sharp, after which new construction came after was a half dozen posthumous buildings have been or are now being built, under Schumacher's (water-tilt), across North Africa and the Middle East. For centuries, architects have built glory into cathedrals and managers. "I think people have always aspired to in-

vest such spaces," Hadid said, and is an interview. "It is uplifting to go into a great space, a heavenly space."

In a performance vision, the Royal Theater is secular, but it has the capacity to transport the audience to an imaginary space and time. Hadid has taken smaller beyond the curtain and staged it throughout the building.

Joseph Giovannini, a critic and treenet architect, is writing a biography of Zaha Hadid.

In the lobby of the Royal Theater of Rabat, for left, crisscrossing, ribbonlike stairways around four metres, Natives can enter the theater under a breaking wave, left, like surface showing a tunnel.

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18 | SATURDAY, SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2020

WEEKEND

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

LIVING

With loss also came a sense of release

The husband I treasured had gone. Why was I able to feel happy?

Modern Love

BY ANNE BERKIN

Breast and I were married for almost 61 years, and four late life. We were not a perfect match. We was an early bird. I'm a night owl. He watched sports and news: I hope British crime dreams. He liked home. I like out.

On the other hand, he took an abiding interest in my work, drives me wherever I had to go and always left me the last few259 stories in the hotel. We stood a great fall. We traveled. We had a good life.

And then we got old, and the fun was over. Boxes got all kinds of nuts: proteins, kidney, heart, eyes, thyroid, arthritis, sepsis. I spent hours in some grocery rooms and U. C. clubs. I spent days on hold with insurance companies and banks and home health care agencies.

I had always believed I would be too much and squamable to be a careless, but somehow I managed to clean his surgical wounds, change his catheters and help him shower. That was tough, but even tougher was watching a new, well-attended, unimaginable and aggressive.

He would decide to make himself a morning upon the boiling three pounds of potatoes and other longer to turn off the room until the smoke alarm went off. He couldn't remember how to work the TV remote and spent hours just starting two spots. In my darkest moment, I was a childless queer a friend had shoved: 'Suffering begins when the wind experts persuasion from what is designed to change. Accept that nothing will remain the same.'

I had to accept that the marriage I cherished in the paper existed, and the husband I cherished had disappeared. I yelling for Brent because a full time occupation, and I put my own life on hold. I postponed harrys and canceled about appointments, and I did something in romance since writer ever died. I turned down jobs. I lost

any interest as socializing (what would I talk about?). I did the out small moments of pleasure: a short summer walk around our Los Angeles neighborhood, an afternoon nap, a snothing diet of animal fat and chocolate. But I still, when I went up to something, I dreaded the grits day ahead, and I feared the black life ahead.

Breast, on the other hand, believed his condition was just a temporary glitch, and he assured everyone that he was getting better every day. Being to desain can sometimes be a blessing. Then one day Brent fell and suddenly — without fear or pain — he was gone. (If you could choose your exit, pick candor, arrest.)

I called 911 and contacted one neighbor. After that, even a dream mate who staged and helped me through the endless hours of dealing with the ambulance. He plans, the collection of the body and the hearing of various documents. I can't imagine how I would have handled all that on my own.

Our grand friends, John Coronary, Messick, Anna and Texas. They brought wine and snacks. We played Brent's

favorite Louis Armstrong song — 'What a Wonderful World' — and laughed at stories about my husband's often eccentric behavior. That simple, spontaneous vigil was the memorial city to return to New York's house, which was a very strong, unconventional, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well-known, well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and well- and

The next day I created myself to a long walk, and after a gentle shower, the day over our house was lit up by the most spectacular rainbow I had ever seen. A few minutes later, some friends called to say that a hawk had landed on their windowsill and stared at them for 10 minutes before flying off. They said the hawk was Brent, saying not to be a good thing.

Now I do not believe in ghosts or spirits or any of that stuff. When one of my only thirty friends tells me to 'keep an open mind,' I say, 'Don't keep your mind so open that your brains fall out.' But I cried at it, but I still found great comfort in the poetry of rainbows and lord visits the day after my husband's death.

Our son Jonathan flew out from the other coast, and we decided to have people over from 1 to 7 p.m. every

night during his visit. These unconventional silvery medical parties were a wonderful way for me to re-enter the world of the living. I got rid of the sweets I had been wearing the months and redress around the pleasures of bright red lipstick and intertwined neck laces. My son took over all the household chores, which was a profound because I hate household chores, and I'd had full responsibility for them during Brent's decline.

After Jonathan left, I had to leave to live about. I was no longer a 'we' but an 'I' I created four rules for my new life as a singleton.

First, got all the help you can with the practical stuff. Social Security denied my widow's benefits because they were not long, but I could have a certificate. It took me and a social worker many places with and an office visit to close up that area.

Second, stay busy. Every day, I assigned myself a household task: a shell, a shower, a closet. It was liberating to organize for future Brent's but left behind. Plus, I came across some sweet forgotten objects, like a charm-

ing drawing the bad doodles of the roes of us.

Third, younger yourself. I indulged in a massage, a facial and a must-junk for the first time to open and they all felt blinded. Maybe I just needed to be touched.

Fourth, engage with a few human at least once a day. I actively attended my social life, and when I didn't have a shot, I would death in the bag of both dogs by some retail through, and I usually ran into someone who would stop and seldom.

These four rules have helped me in my very new safe life, which has contained some surprising moments. When the young mother behind me at the market had a cart overbearing with gallons of milk, hours of cereal and bags of chips, my wagon was a sad contrast with its energy collection of small container of milk, some frozen egg yolk and one human. It dreaded me to realize that I wouldn't want to change places with her.

Sure, she has a full life, but she was going home to a chaste household with a lovely family, while I looked forward to returning to a sanctuary of rest, reages and recovery. For the first time to borrow, the only person I must take care of is one, and I don't find the very demanding.

When people offer their weepy condolences, they seem taken aback when I assure them, with dry eyes, that I'm doing quite well. I am not the growing widow they expected, and I myself wonder what is wrong with me. Why am I not feeling the overwhelming sadness you've supposed to feel at the death of a beloved husband?

I think the answer is that I have those while he was still alive and that's what I received him — in secret and free a long time. What I'm experiencing now, more than sorrow, is a welcome sense of relief. I loved being married to Brent, and now I love being alone. How can both things be true? 'Accept that nothing remains the same.'

Of course, there are still melancholy moments. I got a World is one, and Brent wasn't there for a first time. I catch myself setting the table for two and fluffing up the pillow on his side of the bed. When I hear a funny joke, I can't wait for him to with my husband. I have thought that the foreign travel because I don't want to be reminded of the trips Brent and I'd be much of a good.

At the same time, I am grateful for my emotional freedom. I sat when I went, watch what I want, and sleep the whole night through without waking. I was not a good thing to an even more disturbing reality.

On planning to change my hair color and am thinking of getting a dog. I have rediscovered the beauty you of the first time, but I'm not going to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be a good thing to be

Annie Kramer, an actor and writer in Los Angeles, is the author of 'The Book of Lover' (James) about a man's character from an Accidental Influencer.

I had to learn to live alone. I was no longer a 'we' but an 'I' created four rules for my new life as a singleton.

Do I have to help my friend get a job? How she'd be bad at?

The Elicitid

BY KRAMER ANTHONY LIPPIAN

Early in my career, a good friend recommended me to her company. She was not the hiring manager, but her recommendation helped me get a job that I held happily and successfully for more than a decade, laying the foundation for my current position at a prestigious firm.

She was eventually let go. From what co-workers said and what I knew of her work, I believed her performance had fallen short and that efforts to improve it had failed. She blamed the people she worked with for finding back to her. In her friend, I expressed sympathy and never told her what I had heard. She later found another job and remained there for many years.

She has one been let go again and has asked me for job death. I am so positive in help and might even be able to get her work with my current position. The problem is that I am not confident she would want our stand-ends. If you wanted, I might have to 'cover' for her or help prevent the quality of the work from slipping. I also do not want to evaluate or manage a class friend, and I would be uncomfortable recommending her elsewhere in the field.

At the same time, I was much of my power to her willingness to help me, when she was never established there I was. She is a dear friend, and I feel I should return that generosity now. By helping her could compromise the reputation I have been a good hard to build. I also worry that our friendship could create concerns about this. On purpose, it qualifies her hiring or recommending someone mainly because she is a friend would feel unethical unless I genuinely believed she could do the job. We are both in our real life and may

still need another decade of employment. Should I help her and hope for the best? If I don't, I may have to explain why, or be about the availability of work, which would leave my feeling guilty and delayed. Name Withheld

GIVE WHAT YOU know about your friend, could you write for a truthful recommendation that might help her get a job? If not, you shouldn't write a misleading one that would.

Bringing her into your department could pass further problems. As you recognize, it's generally unwise to hire a class friend whom you would have to supervise and evaluate. Nor would it be fair to make your employee and colleagues hear the rest of that transition. If she underperforms, some of the burden will probably fall on them as well as on you. Whatever you think you owe your friend, you do owe your colleagues your professional judgment. The arrangement you're contemplating is likely to take a toll on your in-house reputation, and on the very friendship you are hoping to learn.

Your sense of obligation is under-stable. She gave you your start in the business. But surely she didn't fail to try concealing serious doubts about your abilities. You can still be helpful to other ways. You might review the resume, pass along public job leads or introduce her to people, without hiding the fact that she's a friend and without offering an endorsement of her work. As for your own place of employment. You do not need to review a lack of openings. You can truthfully say that you are not in a position to get her a job there for which she is asked. What would be related to landing her a job is which she is likely to struggle, while leaving you and your colleagues to deal with the consequences.

For the past three years, my partner's brother — whom I'd call my brother-in-law — has lived with an offer serious personal and legal turmoil. A former

education worker, he was convicted in a suit based on accusations for still denies, and he remains subject to restrictions.

He lost his full time job and was unemployed for more than a year. He was a mother job after violating parole. He is unemployed again and has only recently begun applying for jobs consistently.

He has been unemployed for almost two-thirds of the time he has lived with us, yet he has taken on little housework. He watches the dogs while my partner and I am at work. That's helpful because we both work long hours, but he considers the dogs our responsibility as soon as either of us gets home, and caring for them is essentially his only household contribution. When they come home to dishes in the sink, a kitchen left dirty after he yokes and trash around the house. He does not ask for routine cleaning. His legal status has also drawn unwanted attention from neighbors, and supporting him has pushed my partner into substantial credit card debt.

I often ask my partner to speak with him, and their parents have intervened as well. My brother-in-law responds that we expect him to do 'off' of the housework and that my partner is being 'more to love.' He may take on me or too cash for a week, but then he stops.

The situation is revising my relationship with my partner. I know it is unfair to pleas of responsibility for managing my brother-in-law on my partner. Still, if not, my siblings were living with us, I would feel responsible for addressing the problem on my partner's behalf. My partner agrees that the arrangement is unassailable, but he has taken on meaningful steps to change it, partly because he is rarely home.

I have told him I am nearing the point where I am no longer live this way. He says that if forced to choose between our relationship and the brother, he would choose me. I have asked him to speak with his family about other arrangements, but no one is willing or able to take his brother in. I

feel that I have been left with a burden for rest of the family has avoided. How much obligation can I have to ensure he has stable housing at the expense of my home, my relationship and my peace? Name Withheld

YOUR BROTHER-IN-LAW is responsible for his own life. You and your partner have done him a considerable favor by boasting him for three years, and you are entitled to ask him to move out if that's what you and your partner choose. (It's not a family member not paying rent has legal rights, so I'd like to know what you can get, generally speaking, if someone is living with you, one can't just change the locks on them.) The fact that your partner isn't willing to take the initiative, though, leaves the outcome larger by you.

You shouldn't have to tell an adult to work his own duties or get up his laundry. Your brother-in-law's habit of taking on responsibilities only briefly indicates selfishness and disrespect. You can tell him, in plain and specific language, that his conduct is unacceptable and that, if he wants to remain in your home, he'll have to change his ways immediately and permanently. If he doesn't, you will have a straighten from some for taking him to leave.

But perhaps the problem may be deeper than housework, deeper even than the financial costs for imposing. It seems that you and your partner have been able to make you keep no longer want to spend it with another adult underfoot. If that's the way you should simply ask your brother-in-law to find somewhere else to live, giving him reasonable notice. Your partner might then ask the family to contribute to the costs of the education. Let me ask that your partner is jointly responsible for your natural home. His assurance that, given an opportunity to 'choose your' isn't a substitute for taking real steps to address your obligations and support your relationship.

Joanna Jackson, Appiah Isaacs, philosophy of ICEC, Jita Smith include 'Low Impeditactions', 'The House' (Law) and 'The Law That Bind: Rethinking Liberals'.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2008 | 19

TRAVEL

WEEKEND

A pretty city that hasn't stood still

Amid postcard-perfect sights, explore stylish restaurants and cutting-edge art

36 Hours in . . . Bruges, Belgium

BY EYAN KATZ

At first glance, Bruges might seem as if it hasn't changed much in recent years, to say nothing of the past six or seven centuries. A major trading post in the Middle Ages and a key setting for the Burgundian Renaissance, the city still used to be visible in the North and states, with postcard-perfect examples of Finnish Gothic architecture and illuminating canals around every corner. But under the surface, new influences — cutting-edge museums and international culinary and design trends — are spirally transforming this city. Prepare to be surprised by unexpected details.

FRIDAY

3:30 PM - STOP INTO THE PAST Even before it opened in May, the каждый arts venue Brook was already making an impact — about on the day, but it is now glass-and-stand building in the city's growing museum sparks, about a 10 minute walk south of Marle, the main square, the space has two enormous balls that dwarf the centuries-old brick buildings nearby. The opening exhibition, 'Reggie Picture,' runs through Sept. 6, highlighting medievalist to connection between Bruges and other regions, including Scandinavia and the Near East (20 miles, or about 102.00). Spent on time adhering the fascinating collection of coins, across pottery and other artifacts — but save time for 'Latest City,' a rotating set of large-scale electronic works by Brille Sundel, a Turkish American pioneer of digital art, that makes great use of the building's 16-foot (21-meter) railings.

9 PM - NOT THE JUNGGULATZ BAR

Belgian chocolate warrants eating dessert before dinner. You'll have no trouble finding prelates and other traditional chocolates, especially on Mariamont, a popular event in Bruges's markets under this in home to confectioners like the Old Chocolate House, Chocolates' Demos, Chocolates' Depis and the Chocolate Brothers. Among consumers, the top choice remains the Chocolate Lake, a music to her producer via by Dominique and Pallemon Peronno. Last year, between, Alice — winner of an award for best chocolate in Belgium — opened a drink-and-desert contest, the Julius Chocolate Bar, inside the family shop, telling overnight like the Azteca, examples, richly aromatic spiced for chocolate reserved from the Peronno's vacan plantation in Mexico (17.00), as well as innovative desserts like the Berry Butter Cooler, made with brown butter and vanilla wine (17.50).

7 PM - HAVE ANY SINE

Belgian is famous for its first-rate beer, frites and soothed — but Colt, one of the city's newest dining hot spirit, bucks the trend. The two-year-old restaurant became the well-aged smake and fine wines in a stylish space overlooking T. Zand square and the Converegetown symplated, that, Start with a delicate wagyu carpaccio (12.6) or a plate of crunchy tomato-topped brunchette (12.2). Then, pair a Black Angus camp steak, aged for three weeks in barbed butter and redobut of fresh rosemary (12.8), with a glass of a spicy-breast, Basile Sour the pioneering Piedmont canner Chiara Beccilio (12.2). You can choose a bottle from the store/rapper wine list — but ask the nonsmokers about their favorite rare Sials, and they'll be happy to ferry over a few choice bottles from Berni, a nearby wine bar from the same owners.

The Belfry of Bruges, from the 15th century, is on Marle, the city's main square.

9:30 PM - MAKE WITH LUGALE

Bruges is filled with charming beer bars and 'brown cakes,' as named for their primary color scheme. But nothing quite matches the neighborly vibe at Paula Montuert, a jazzy hangout where you'll find four local beers on top, including the tough-silver St. Bernardine Tripet, a strong and sweet golden ale produced or a brewery about an hour west of the city (15.30). Among bottles, the venue highlights the long-aged, tartly wedges that finish from the 'I' Verset brewery (18.30) as an ideal match for the half-dozen hot dog on offer, like the True Blue, tapped with blue Stitlow cheese, figs and thyme (12.30).

SATURDAY

10 A.M. - HOLY TO THE LAKE OF LOVE

Start out with a captazzini (15.40) and a slice of the cake of the day (18.20) at Avi '38, an artisanal coffee shop with disco balls in the bathroom. Does get your bearings with it with down-Gold-essentrize, a busy street closet with boutiques and shops, and its combination, Scandinavian, until you come to 't Zand square, where on Saturday mornings you'll find the city's main open-air flower and food market. Walk south past the Converegetown until you come to the cozy brick houses and calming atmosphere of the Berghildel, a convent and home for women founded in 2101 and still in operation. From here, you can either follow the canals northeast until you get to Marle, or relax to nearby Minneverserpark, by the Lake of Love.

11:30 A.M. - LEARN TUBES TRUG

Go deep on the bright of Belgian fries, or fries, as well as the global cultural hu-

tery of the potato, as the remarkably detailed Finetmonnen (12.2). In the Suurkalle — built in 1289 to house Gromovs trade representatives — the museum's luminaire house known here about the vegetable, from its Amboe origins to the apocryphal role of the English Gu裔man Sir Walter Raleigh in exploring the map to Virginia and Ireland around the end of the 16th century. Once you've completed a lap, head to the lunchtime Ivy shop the classic 'Groot' (15.30), or I'V with manual money and a surprisingly refreshing Pratap and (13.30) — made with potatoes — by the local brewery Fort Lupin.

9 PM - NEON ON NEON

Bruges's burger scene reached its apex and the center of the city of Monti, a corner side where dishes highlight local ingredients — like the ultra-gooey Rachets Attack burger (120.30), made with cheese from Van Vliet by a well-known Belgian affluent Cvelandiet by Tom Dogmann, a host of the Dutch language making show 'Open Your' Monti has a modern, youthful vibe, where friends target over second language of what just ought be the best fries in town (12.2). The U.G. (12.2), a double smashburger with cheddar, gets nicely with the lightly bitter frozen beer, brewed by Dan Browne, Co. in Ghent (15), while groups might splurge on a large bottle of Burning Plants, a harris-tough dish of airs and wine greys, from the local producer Dust Brooking.

7 PM - SHOP RETRO THREADS

There are plenty of high-end clothing boutiques on the main drugs, hot coat, well-canned vintage shops are less common. Among the best is the local seepest of Think Twice, a Belgian-based chate that sells select secondhand clothes and accessories. Pursue leather clutch glasses and buildings (from 17), try on soccer jerseys from the 300th and 600th phase (12) and sell through the colorful silk scarves (from 17) until you find one that matches your outfit.

5 PM - COLLECT ANTIGIES

For singular souvenirs and gifts, step by Great Verbeke's namesake antique shop, where the proprietor herself will readily give you a tour of her favorite pieces. Ask about the lowest points of cultural figures, like the stylish portrait of the Six British French painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (15.400), and the Verbeke will tell you all about the makes, the British artist Kate Bossa. The doctors are filled to overflowing with real caries, but don't miss the crystal perfumet bottles, which range from entry-level beds like the 100th F. Stiller Cripe de Claire (12.00) to prizes like a 2030s Molnard Calveolaf Bush, designed by the master glassmaker René Lalique (15.30).

7 PM - TWIN THE SEA

Seressingly, the chefs behind Belgian's first-selling restaurants are highlighting quality fare from North Sea fisheries in their spring season. For similar flavors in a less time-consuming format, try the local favorite Breynel De Contre, a non-settle-biz182 restaurant just off Marle with beautifully prepared meals, all served in a casual, unpretentious atmosphere. Start with a golden ale from the Flemish brewery Dover, founded in 1671 (15.40), now a bridge. Keepers home a fried scampi (12.2) before moving on to one of the beauty mates, which might include young turkey with capers and carages (14.0), roasted owl with tartar mace (12.7) and bowls of steaming North Sea eunards, served in a rich, shallow-screwed broth with a generous helping of frites (120.30).

9 PM - THE CREATIVE COCKTAILS

Join the ambiguities for a nightcup at Shibuya, a Japanese-style cocktail bar, which serves excellent small plates alongside unexpected drinks like the Sakura Sensation, a tart-sweet mix of cake, pasta, cherry blossoms and raspberries (12.6). Then head west, turning a few more careers until you hear the disco soundtrack thumping at Bar Bars. From the same owners as Shibuya, the trendy label is famous for its King Bang Milk Panch, made of Jamaican rum, passion fruit, almonds, coffee and lime (12.1). End at the cocktail bar Great Vlassabene, a dish, luxurious lounge where the friendliness of the barmasters before how seriously they take their craft. You can't go wrong with the weekly specials, but with a contemporary classic like a St. Germain spritz (a.k.a. Hugo spritz), the elderflower-flavored drink of the summer (12.2).

SUNDAY

10 A.M. - OFF SHARP AND SHOP

Grab a flat white (15.30) and a cinnamon roll (15.30) from Duro, a charming cafe from a beloved local coffee market, for your morning walk along the Grameron canal. Up quickly, as you'll meet your hands free to take pictures of the Gothic and medieval houses narrowed in the still-worst Phase at the Vismark, an old outdoor fish market, where artisans like the potter Bounice Viscke — who makes numerous espresso cups (13.0), coffee mugs (13.0) and decorated bowls (13.0) — sell their wants. You'll come to the colorful flea market under the Indies trees at the Dover Park, where vendors peddle antique trelaws.

11:30 A.M. - COMMUNE WITH ART

Strad through store days with years of great art at the Grunnings Museum, home to richly detailed paintings by Hireneyman Bosch and other members of an influential Renaissance group known

there, the Hyper-rated in Bruges, Belgium. From the left: 'Latest City' an exhibition by the Turkish Salem tax digital artist Brille Sundel at the arts venue Brook, a burger at Marle, a new cafe, and Ernst Verbeke, an epitopes that Bruges is known for its architecture and illuminating trends.

BILL MUSIC

In a landmark building in the city's supporting museum sparks: Brook is a two exhibition hall with bags, light field spaces and a broad-minded approach to its art.

Musk: Market Squares, the city's main barman, a must with impressive Gothic and two-Gothic buildings like the Pencisei and Hat (Pencisei Palace).

Join the hands at the producer and flower market that takes place Saturday mornings on the upcoming 't Zand square.

WHERE THE EAT

Spiced hot chocolate and creative desserts are available only in weekends at the new Julius Chocolate Bar.

Enjoy a glass-of-wine and a well-aged steak in Marle. Restaurant and wine bar overlooking 't Zand square.

You can't beat the one at Paula Montuert, a beer cafe, hot dog restaurant and take night party spot.

Musk, a new cafe just north of Marle, cooks up inventive smashbuglers and parks of the city's seabed frites.

Dine on mussels, mintee, lurled and other fresh sauteous (Beaydel De Contre, a cozy restaurant just off Marle).

Shibuya covers creative cocktails and excellent small pieces, a ornamental Japanese-style mini bar.

Disco and fork playfuls combine with modern missings at Bar Bars.

The dark and romantic Great Vlassabene cocktail lounge offers classic mixed drinks as well as chosen musical and seasonal specials.

The beloved local coffee markets Duro has its own cutting cafe not far from the Grameron Canal.

TV SPAN

The Notary, a stylish boutique hotel with eight luxury ice suites, opened in 2023 on a quiet lane a few minutes from the main square. Rooms start at around 380 euros, or about $400.

Across the street from the adironsque Grameron canal, the Hotel De Tadoronto has 41 rooms and suites — and an elegant bar that serves as a popular moving sport for guests and nonguests alike. Rooms start at around 5200.

The budget host 800 offers clean, modern rooms in a charismatic old building close to 't Zand square. Shuttles start at around 175.

Many ASAP SAME QUARTERLY HOURS can be found in the historic center, like the lovely residential neighborhoods of the Sint-Arma Quarter.

as the Flemish Finestown (12.2). Organized chronologically, the collection features works from the neo-Classical, for precaution and horizontal movements, including Read Magazine's stunning 1921 painting 'The Assault.' The museum is set to close its reservations in early 2012. Luckily, in the interim, many of its pieces will give energy as Brook.

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20 | SATURDAY-SUNDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 2026

THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL EDITION

EXTRAORDINARY OBJECTS Fontaine aux Oiseaux Automation

Van Cleef & Arpels

Haute Joaillerie, place Vendôme since 1906

vancleefarpels.com

GPHG

QA Report - The New York Times International - 01.08.2026.pdf

Pipeline

• Extraction route: mistral-ocr
• extraction_route=mistral-ocr
• Translation chunks: 90
• Extraction warnings:
• [OCR-ROUTE] Scanned PDF detected; routing directly to MistralOCR.

Non-model Checks

• WARNING: translated output has low semantic coherence score (0.04)
• WARNING: missing numeric tokens from source: 17913, 200.7
• WARNING: Missing proper nouns in translation: Accidental Influencer, After Jonathan, All My Children, American Democracy, American Scriptures, American University, And Mr, And Ukraine, Anthropic Models, Arabian Peninsula
• WARNING: source dates, money, or percentage tokens may be missing

Model QA

PDF 翻译质量审计报告

结论：存在严重阻塞性缺陷 (Blocking Issues Found) 该翻译版本在忠实度和准确性方面存在极高风险。源文本本身包含大量 OCR 错误（幻觉/乱码），而翻译人员在处理这些错误时采取了“盲目补全”或“保留乱码”的策略，导致大量事实性错误和严重的语义偏差。

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1. 严重错误 (Critical Issues)

❌ 数字化/数值错误 (Wrong Numbers)

• 温度严重偏差：原文 325 degrees Fahrenheit（显然是 OCR 错误，常识为 $32.5^\circ\text{C}$ 或 $90^\circ\text{F}$ 左右），译文直接翻译为“325 华氏度”（约 $163^\circ\text{C}$），导致常识性崩溃。
• 酒店价格错误：原文 Rooms start at around 5200，译文翻译为“房费 5200 起”，缺失货币单位且数值在上下文（$380\text{--}400$ 欧元）中极不合理。
• 年份逻辑错误：原文 close its reservations in early 2012（OCR 错误），译文照译为“2012 年初关闭”，但文档日期是 2026 年，造成严重的逻辑矛盾。

❌ 幻觉与过度重建 (Hallucinations & Over-reconstruction)

• 政治内容臆造：在 AI 风险段落中，译文出现了“随着特朗普政府在监管中国开源人工智能模型方面受挫，中国指责美国搞‘人工智能霸权主义’”等内容。经核对，源文本预览中完全不存在这些措辞，属于严重的译者自行添加内容（Hallucination）。
• 情节篡改：在孟加拉国段落中，译文出现了“美国和以色列对伊朗发动战争一个月后”等具体政治冲突描述，源文中仅为乱码/破碎文本，译者将其“脑补”为具体战争，违背翻译忠实性原则。

❌ 术语与语义误译 (Mistranslation)

• 核心词汇错误：
  • Trials (Page 19) 被译为“尝试”，此处应为“试炼/旅程”或特定栏目名。
  • pimp luteus (原文 OCR 错误，应为 pimp tattoos) $\rightarrow$ 译文将其译为“皮条客烙印”，虽尝试纠错但仍显生硬。
  • seabed frites (原文 OCR 错误) $\rightarrow$ 译文译为“seabed frites 拼盘”，未处理乱码。
  • smashbuglers (原文 OCR 错误) $\rightarrow$ 译文直接照抄，未翻译。

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2. 交付缺陷 (Delivery Defects)

⚠️ 残留英文/乱码块 (Residual English/Gibberish)

• 大量专有名词、地点名未翻译或直接保留乱码：Sials, Berni, LUGALE, Sint-Arma, Flemish Finestown。
• 出现未处理的 OCR 碎屑：ASAP SAME QUARTERLY HOURS（原意应为 Apartments/Short-term rentals），译文直接照译，毫无意义。

⚠️ 截断与缺失 (Truncation & Omissions)

• 文本中多次出现“——”后直接截断的情况，虽然部分属于样本截断，但部分句子在翻译过程中由于无法处理乱码而导致语义不完整。

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3. 审计总结 (Summary)

维度	评级	备注
忠实度 (Faithfulness)	🔴 极差	存在严重的“脑补”行为，自行添加政治背景。
完整性 (Completeness)	🟡 中等	基本覆盖，但乱码部分处理极其糟糕。
准确性 (Accuracy)	🔴 极差	关键数字（温度、价格）缺乏常识校验。
专业度 (Professionalism)	🔴 极差	大量保留无意义的英文乱码块。

处理建议： 拒绝接收。建议重新进行人工校对，并要求译者在面对 OCR 错误文本时标记 [Uncertain/Illegible]，而非凭空猜测内容。